1
|
Bauer A, Birk T, Paschke F, Fuhrberg A, Diegel J, Becherer AK, Vogelsang L, Maier M, Schosser WM, Pauly F, Zilberberg O, Winter RF, Fonin M. Fully Reprogrammable 2D Array of Multistate Molecular Switching Units. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401662. [PMID: 38749066 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Integration of molecular switching units into complex electronic circuits is considered to be the next step toward the realization of novel logic and memory devices. This paper reports on an ordered 2D network of neighboring ternary switching units represented by triazatruxene (TAT) molecules organized in a honeycomb lattice on a Ag(111) surface. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, the bonding configurations of individual TAT molecules can be controlled, realizing up to 12 distinct states per molecule. The switching between those states shows a strong bias dependence ranging from tens of millivolts to volts. The low-bias switching behavior is explored in active units consisting of two and more interacting TAT molecules that are purposefully defined (programmed) by high-bias switching within the honeycomb lattice. Within such a unit the low-bias switching can be triggered and accessed by single-point measurements on a single TAT molecule, demonstrating up to 9 and 19 distinguishable states in a dyad and a tetrad of coupled molecules, respectively. High experimental control over the desired state, owing to bias-dependent hierarchical switching and pronounced switching directionality, as well as full reversibility, make this system particularly appealing, paving the way to design complex molecule-based memory systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Bauer
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tobias Birk
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Fabian Paschke
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Andreas Fuhrberg
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Josefine Diegel
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Lars Vogelsang
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Markus Maier
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Werner M Schosser
- Institute of Physics and Centre for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Pauly
- Institute of Physics and Centre for Advanced Analytics and Predictive Sciences, University of Augsburg, 86159, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Oded Zilberberg
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rainer F Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mikhail Fonin
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sorrentino AL, Poggini L, Serrano G, Cucinotta G, Cortigiani B, Malavolti L, Parenti F, Otero E, Arrio MA, Sainctavit P, Caneschi A, Cornia A, Sessoli R, Mannini M. Assembling Fe 4 single-molecule magnets on a TiO 2 monolayer. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14378-14386. [PMID: 38993100 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The decoration of technologically relevant surfaces, such as metal oxides, with Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) constitutes a persistent challenge for the integration of these molecular systems into novel technologies and, in particular, for the development of spintronic and quantum devices. We used UHV thermal sublimation to deposit tetrairon(III) propeller-shaped SMMs (Fe4) as a single layer on a TiO2 ultrathin film grown on Cu(001). The properties of the molecular deposit were studied using a multi-technique approach based on standard topographic and spectroscopic measurements, which demonstrated that molecules remain largely intact upon deposition. Ultralow temperature X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) with linearly and circularly polarized light was further employed to evaluate both the molecular organization and the magnetic properties of the Fe4 monolayer. X-ray Natural Linear Dichroism (XNLD) and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD) showed that molecules in a monolayer display a preferential orientation and an open magnetic hysteresis with pronounced quantum tunnelling steps up to 900 mK. However, unexpected extra features in the XAS and XMCD spectra disclosed a minority fraction of altered molecules, suggesting that the TiO2 film may be chemically non-innocent. The observed persistence of SMM behaviour on a metal oxide thin film opens new possibilities for the development of SMM-based hybrid systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Luigi Sorrentino
- Department of Industrial Engineering - DIEF - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
- Institute for Chemistry of Organo-Metallic Compounds (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Giulia Serrano
- Department of Industrial Engineering - DIEF - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Cucinotta
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Brunetto Cortigiani
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Luigi Malavolti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Francesca Parenti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Marie-Anne Arrio
- CNRS UMR7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université/MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- Synchrotron-SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91192 Saint-Aubin, France
- CNRS UMR7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université/MNHN, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Andrea Caneschi
- Department of Industrial Engineering - DIEF - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
- Institute for Chemistry of Organo-Metallic Compounds (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" - DICUS - and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adamek M, Pastukh O, Laskowska M, Karczmarska A, Laskowski Ł. Nanostructures as the Substrate for Single-Molecule Magnet Deposition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:52. [PMID: 38203222 PMCID: PMC10778921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anchoringsingle-molecule magnets (SMMs) on the surface of nanostructures is gaining particular interest in the field of molecular magnetism. The accurate organization of SMMs on low-dimensional substrates enables controlled interactions and the possibility of individual molecules' manipulation, paving the route for a broad range of nanotechnological applications. In this comprehensive review article, the most studied types of SMMs are presented, and the quantum-mechanical origin of their magnetic behavior is described. The nanostructured matrices were grouped and characterized to outline to the reader their relevance for subsequent compounding with SMMs. Particular attention was paid to the fact that this process must be carried out in such a way as to preserve the initial functionality and properties of the molecules. Therefore, the work also includes a discussion of issues concerning both the methods of synthesis of the systems in question as well as advanced measurement techniques of the resulting complexes. A great deal of attention was also focused on the issue of surface-molecule interaction, which can affect the magnetic properties of SMMs, causing molecular crystal field distortion or magnetic anisotropy modification, which affects quantum tunneling or magnetic hysteresis, respectively. In our opinion, the analysis of the literature carried out in this way will greatly help the reader to design SMM-nanostructure systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Magdalena Laskowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland; (M.A.); (O.P.); (Ł.L.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vogelsang L, Birk T, Paschke F, Bauer A, Enenkel V, Holz LM, Fonin M, Winter RF. Ferrocenyl-Substituted Triazatruxenes: Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and the Impact of Ferrocenyl Residues on Directional On-Surface Switching on Ag(111). Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16236-16249. [PMID: 37733818 PMCID: PMC10548419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on seven new ferrocenyl-(1, 3)- and ferrocenylethynyl-modified N,N',N″-triethyltriazatruxenes (EtTATs) 4-7 as well as the dodecyl counterpart 2 of compound 1 and their use as molecular switching units when deposited on a Ag(111) surface. Such functional units may constitute a new approach to molecule-based high-density information storage and processing. Besides the five compounds 1-3, 6, and 7, where the 3-fold rotational symmetry of the triazatruxene (TAT) template is preserved, we also included 2-ethynylferrocenyl-TAT 4 and 2,2'-di(ethynylferrocenyl)-TAT 5, whose mono- and disubstitution patterns break the 3-fold symmetry of the TAT core. Voltammetric studies indicate that the ferrocenyl residues of compounds 1-7 oxidize prior to the oxidation of the TAT core. We have noted strong electrostatic effects on TAT oxidation in the 2,2',2″-triferrocenyl-TAT derivatives 1 and 2 and the 3,3',3″-isomer 3. The oxidized complexes feature multiple electronic excitations in the near-infrared and the visible spectra, which are assigned to dδ/δ* transitions of the ferrocenium (Fc+) moieties, as well as TAT → Fc+ charge-transfer transitions. The latter are augmented by intervalence charge-transfer contributions Fc → Fc+ in mixed-valent states, where only a part of the available ferrocenyl residues is oxidized. EtTAT was previously identified as a directional three-level switching unit when deposited on Ag(111) and constitutes a trinary-digit unit for on-surface information storage. The symmetrically trisubstituted compound 6 retains this property, albeit at somewhat reduced switching rates due to the additional interaction between the ferrocenyl residues and the Ag surface. In particular, the high directionality at low bias and the inversion of the preferred sense of the on-surface rocking motion with either a clockwise or counterclockwise switching sense, depending on the identity of the surface enantiomer, are preserved. Unsymmetrical substitution in mono- and diferrocenylated 4 and 5 alters the underlying ratchet potential in a manner such that a two-state switching between the two degenerate surface conformations of 4 or a pronounced suppression of switching (5) is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Vogelsang
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tobias Birk
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Fabian Paschke
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anja Bauer
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Vivien Enenkel
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lukas M. Holz
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mikhail Fonin
- Fachbereich
Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scherb S, Hinaut A, Yao X, Götz A, Al-Hilfi SH, Wang XY, Hu Y, Qiu Z, Song Y, Müllen K, Glatzel T, Narita A, Meyer E. Solution-Synthesized Extended Graphene Nanoribbons Deposited by High-Vacuum Electrospray Deposition. ACS NANO 2023; 17:597-605. [PMID: 36542550 PMCID: PMC9835822 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Solution-synthesized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) facilitate various interesting structures and functionalities, like nonplanarity and thermolabile functional groups, that are not or not easily accessible by on-surface synthesis. Here, we show the successful high-vacuum electrospray deposition (HVESD) of well-elongated solution-synthesized GNRs on surfaces maintained in ultrahigh vacuum. We compare three distinct GNRs, a twisted nonplanar fjord-edged GNR, a methoxy-functionalized "cove"-type (or also called gulf) GNR, and a longer "cove"-type GNR both equipped with alkyl chains on Au(111). Nc-AFM measurements at room temperature with submolecular imaging combined with Raman spectroscopy allow us to characterize individual GNRs and confirm their chemical integrity. The fjord-GNR and methoxy-GNR are additionally deposited on nonmetallic HOPG and SiO2, and fjord-GNR is deposited on a KBr(001) surface, facilitating the study of GNRs on substrates, as of now not accessible by on-surface synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Scherb
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Hinaut
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xuelin Yao
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alicia Götz
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Samir H. Al-Hilfi
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yunbin Hu
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yiming Song
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max
Plank Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Magnetic molecules on surfaces: SMMs and beyond. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
7
|
Durrant JP, Day BM, Tang J, Mansikkamäki A, Layfield RA. Dominance of Cyclobutadienyl Over Cyclopentadienyl in the Crystal Field Splitting in Dysprosium Single-Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200525. [PMID: 35108431 PMCID: PMC9302998 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Replacing a monoanionic cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligand in dysprosium single-molecule magnets (SMMs) with a dianionic cyclobutadienyl (Cb) ligand in the sandwich complexes [(η4 -Cb'''')Dy(η5 -C5 Me4 t Bu)(BH4 )]- (1), [(η4 -Cb'''')Dy(η8 -Pn† )K(THF)] (2) and [(η4 -Cb'''')Dy(η8 -Pn† )]- (3) leads to larger energy barriers to magnetization reversal (Cb''''=C4 (SiMe3 )4 , Pn† =1,4-di(tri-isopropylsilyl)pentalenyl). Short distances to the Cb'''' ligands and longer distances to the Cp ligands in 1-3 are consistent with the crystal field splitting being dominated by the former. Theoretical analysis shows that the magnetic axes in the ground Kramers doublets of 1-3 are oriented towards the Cb'''' ligands. The theoretical axiality parameter and the relative axiality parameter Z and Zrel are introduced to facilitate comparisons of the SMM performance of 1-3 with a benchmark SMM. Increases in Z and Zrel when Cb''' replaces Cp signposts a route to SMMs with properties that could surpass leading systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P. Durrant
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sussex FalmerBrightonBN1 9QRUK
| | - Benjamin M. Day
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sussex FalmerBrightonBN1 9QRUK
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource UtilizationChangchunInstitute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P.R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Durrant JP, Day BM, Tang J, Mansikkamäki A, Layfield RA. Dominance of Cyclobutadienyl Over Cyclopentadienyl in the Crystal Field Splitting in Dysprosium Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James P. Durrant
- Department of Chemistry University of Sussex Falmer Brighton BN1 9QR UK
| | - Benjamin M. Day
- Department of Chemistry University of Sussex Falmer Brighton BN1 9QR UK
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P.R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paschke F, Birk T, Avdoshenko SM, Liu F, Popov AA, Fonin M. Imaging the Single-Electron Ln-Ln Bonding Orbital in a Dimetallofullerene Molecular Magnet. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105667. [PMID: 34862728 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemically robust single-molecule magnets (SMMs) with sufficiently high blocking temperatures TB are among the key building blocks for the realization of molecular spintronic or quantum computing devices. Such device applications require access to the magnetic system of a SMM molecule by means of electronic transport, which primarily depends on the interaction of magnetic orbitals with the electronic states of the metallic electrodes. Scanning tunneling microscopy in combination with ab initio calculations allows to directly address the unoccupied component of the single-electron molecular orbital that mediates the ferromagnetic exchange coupling between two 4f ions within a lanthanide endohedral dimetallofullerene deposited on a graphene surface. The single-electron metal-metal bond provides a direct access to the molecule's magnetic system in the transport experiments, paving the way for investigation and controlled manipulation of the spin system of individual dimetallofullerene SMMs, essential for molecular spintronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Paschke
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tobias Birk
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stanislav M Avdoshenko
- Institute for Solid State Research, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Institute for Solid State Research, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Institute for Solid State Research, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mikhail Fonin
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hinaut A, Scherb S, Freund S, Liu Z, Glatzel T, Meyer E. Influence of electrospray deposition on C 60 molecular assemblies. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:552-558. [PMID: 34221801 PMCID: PMC8218541 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining clean conditions for samples during all steps of preparation and investigation is important for scanning probe studies at the atomic or molecular level. For large or fragile organic molecules, where sublimation cannot be used, high-vacuum electrospray deposition is a good alternative. However, because this method requires the introduction into vacuum of the molecules from solution, clean conditions are more difficult to be maintained. Additionally, because the presence of solvent on the surface cannot be fully eliminated, one has to take care of its possible influence. Here, we compare the high-vacuum electrospray deposition method to thermal evaporation for the preparation of C60 on different surfaces and compare, for sub-monolayer coverages, the influence of the deposition method on the formation of molecular assemblies. Whereas the island location is the main difference for metal surfaces, we observe for alkali halide and metal oxide substrates that the high-vacuum electrospray method can yield single isolated molecules accompanied by surface modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Hinaut
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Scherb
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sara Freund
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dreiser J, Wäckerlin C, Buzzi M, Pedersen KS, Bendix J. Island formation of Er(trensal) single-ion magnets on graphene observed on the micrometer scale. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9421-9425. [PMID: 35423455 PMCID: PMC8695229 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We have studied the morphology of Er(trensal) single-ion molecular magnets adsorbed on graphene/Ru(0001) using X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM). By exploiting the elemental contrast at the erbium M5 edge we observe the formation of molecular islands of homogeneous height with a lateral size of several micrometers. The graphene/Ru(0001) substrate exhibits two different signal levels in bright-field low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and in X-PEEM, which are ascribed to the presence of small-angle rotational domains of the graphene lattice. We find that the Er(trensal) molecules form islands solely on the bright areas, while the remaining dark areas are empty. Our results are important for the growth and study of the molecule-inorganic hybrid approach in spintronics schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland .,Institute of Physics (IPHYS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christian Wäckerlin
- Institute of Physics (IPHYS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland.,Surface Science and Coating Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Michele Buzzi
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - Kasper S Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Copenhagen University DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, Copenhagen University DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
S-Functionalized Tripods with Monomethylene Spacers: Routes to Tetrairon(III) Single-Molecule Magnets with Ultrashort Tethering Groups. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The organization of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) on surfaces is a mainstream research path in molecular magnetism. Of special importance is the control of grafting geometry in chemisorbed monolayers on metal surfaces. We herein present the synthesis, solid-state structure, and magnetic characterization of propeller-like tetrairon(III) SMMs containing the shortest-reported tethering groups for gold surfaces. Functionalization of molecular structure is attained using 2-R-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol tripodal proligands (H3LR). The R substituents comprise a monomethylene spacer and three different terminations known to act as stable precursors of S-Au bonds (R = CH2SCN, CH2SAc and CH2SSnBu). These chemical groups are shown to be chemically compatible with the tetrairon(III) core and to afford fully-functional SMMs in crystalline form and in fair to excellent yields.
Collapse
|
13
|
Su P, Espenship MF, Laskin J. Principles of Operation of a Rotating Wall Mass Analyzer for Preparative Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1875-1884. [PMID: 32809825 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution, we describe the principles of operation of a rotating wall mass analyzer (RWMA), a mass-dispersive device for preparative mass spectrometry. Ions of different m/z are spatially separated by RWMA and deposited onto ring-shaped areas of distinct radii on a surface. We use a combination of an analytical equation for predicting the radius of the deposition ring and SIMION simulations to understand how to optimize the experimental conditions for the separation of multicomponent mixtures. The results of these simulations are compared with the experimental data. We introduce a universal mass calibration procedure, based on a series of polyacrylamide ions, which is subsequently used to predict the deposition radii of unknown analytes. The calibration is independent of the polarity, kinetic energy, and charge state of the ion as demonstrated by assigning m/z values of different analytes including multiply charged ubiquitin ions. We demonstrate that mass resolution of the RWMA is affected by the width and kinetic energy distribution of the ion beam. The best mass resolution obtained in this study is m/Δm = ∼20. Preparative mass spectrometry using RWMA provides the advantages of simplicity, compactness, and low fabrication cost, which are particularly promising for the development of miniaturized instrumentation. The results presented in this work can be readily adapted to preparative separation of a variety of charged species of interest to the broad scientific community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Su
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael F Espenship
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Benchohra A, Méthivier C, Landoulsi J, Kreher D, Lescouëzec R. Electrospray ionization: an efficient approach to deposit polymetallic molecular switches onto gold surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6587-6589. [PMID: 32406433 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01906b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization (EI) deposition is proven efficient in obtaining monolayers of a polymetallic charge transfer complex on gold surfaces. The molecule's integrity is monitored by using PM-IRRAS and XPS. This approach broadens the perspective of molecular magnetic switch deposition, which is currently dominated by the thermal evaporation of monometallic spin crossover (SCO) complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amina Benchohra
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, Paris 750005, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Su P, Hu H, Unsihuay D, Zhang D, Dainese T, Diaz RE, Lee J, Gunaratne DK, Wang H, Maran F, Mei J, Laskin J. Preparative Mass Spectrometry Using a Rotating‐Wall Mass Analyzer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Su
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Daisy Unsihuay
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering Purdue University 701 W. Stadium Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Tiziano Dainese
- Department of Chemistry University of Padova 1, Via Marzolo Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Rosa E. Diaz
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Discovery Park Purdue University 1205 W. State St. West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jongsu Lee
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Don K. Gunaratne
- Physical Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88 Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering Purdue University 701 W. Stadium Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University 465 Northwestern Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Flavio Maran
- Department of Chemistry University of Padova 1, Via Marzolo Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Serrano G, Poggini L, Briganti M, Sorrentino AL, Cucinotta G, Malavolti L, Cortigiani B, Otero E, Sainctavit P, Loth S, Parenti F, Barra AL, Vindigni A, Cornia A, Totti F, Mannini M, Sessoli R. Quantum dynamics of a single molecule magnet on superconducting Pb(111). NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:546-551. [PMID: 32066930 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic materials interfaced with superconductors may reveal new physical phenomena with potential for quantum technologies. The use of molecules as magnetic components has already shown great promise, but the diversity of properties offered by the molecular realm remains largely unexplored. Here we investigate a submonolayer of tetrairon(III) propeller-shaped single molecule magnets deposited on a superconducting lead surface. This material combination reveals a strong influence of the superconductor on the spin dynamics of the single molecule magnet. It is shown that the superconducting transition to the condensate state switches the single molecule magnet from a blocked magnetization state to a resonant quantum tunnelling regime. Our results open perspectives to control single molecule magnetism via superconductors and to use single molecule magnets as local probes of the superconducting state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Serrano
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Andrea Luigi Sorrentino
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cucinotta
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Luigi Malavolti
- Institute FMQ, University of Stuttgart & Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brunetto Cortigiani
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, France
- IMPMC, UMR7590 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Loth
- Institute FMQ, University of Stuttgart & Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Francesca Parenti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM Research Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff' and INSTM Research Unit, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Su P, Hu H, Unsihuay D, Zhang D, Dainese T, Diaz RE, Lee J, Gunaratne DK, Wang H, Maran F, Mei J, Laskin J. Preparative Mass Spectrometry Using a Rotating‐Wall Mass Analyzer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7711-7716. [PMID: 32109333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Su
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Daisy Unsihuay
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering Purdue University 701 W. Stadium Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Tiziano Dainese
- Department of Chemistry University of Padova 1, Via Marzolo Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Rosa E. Diaz
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Discovery Park Purdue University 1205 W. State St. West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jongsu Lee
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Don K. Gunaratne
- Physical Science Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88 Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering Purdue University 701 W. Stadium Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University 465 Northwestern Avenue West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Flavio Maran
- Department of Chemistry University of Padova 1, Via Marzolo Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Julia Laskin
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bauer A, Maier M, Schosser WM, Diegel J, Paschke F, Dedkov Y, Pauly F, Winter RF, Fonin M. Tip-Induced Inversion of the Chirality of a Molecule's Adsorption Potential Probed by the Switching Directionality. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907390. [PMID: 32064673 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The switching behavior of surface-supported molecular units excited by current, light, or mechanical forces is determined by the shape of the adsorption potential. The ability to tailor the energy landscape in which a molecule resides at a surface gives the possibility of imposing a desired response, which is of paramount importance for the realization of molecular electronic units. Here, by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, a triazatruxene (TAT) molecule on Ag(111) is studied, which shows a switching behavior characterized by transitions of the molecule between three states, and which is attributed to three energetically degenerate bonding configurations. Upon tunneling current injection, the system can be excited and continuously driven, showing a switching directionality close to 100%. Two surface enantiomers of TAT show opposite switching directions pointing at the chirality of the energy landscape of the adsorption potential as a key ingredient for directional switching. Further, it is shown that by tuning the tunneling parameters, the symmetry of the adsorption potential can be controllably adjusted, leading to a suppression of the directionality or an inversion of the switching direction. The findings represent a molecule-surface model system exhibiting unprecedented control of the shape of its adsorption potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Bauer
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Markus Maier
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Werner M Schosser
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Josefine Diegel
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Fabian Paschke
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Yuriy Dedkov
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabian Pauly
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Rainer F Winter
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mikhail Fonin
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zimmermann DM, Seufert K, Ðorđević L, Hoh T, Joshi S, Marangoni T, Bonifazi D, Auwärter W. Self-assembly and spectroscopic fingerprints of photoactive pyrenyl tectons on hBN/Cu(111). BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1470-1483. [PMID: 33083195 PMCID: PMC7537405 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The controlled modification of electronic and photophysical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by chemical functionalization, adsorption on solid supports, and supramolecular organization is the key to optimize the application of these compounds in (opto)electronic devices. Here, we present a multimethod study comprehensively characterizing a family of pyridin-4-ylethynyl-functionalized pyrene derivatives in different environments. UV-vis measurements in toluene solutions revealed absorption at wavelengths consistent with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, while emission experiments showed a high fluorescence quantum yield. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) measurements of the pyrene derivatives adsorbed on a Cu(111)-supported hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) decoupling layer provided access to spatially and energetically resolved molecular electronic states. We demonstrate that the pyrene electronic gap is reduced with an increasing number of substituents. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of template-induced gating and supramolecular organization on the energies of distinct molecular orbitals. The selection of the number and positioning of the pyridyl termini in tetrasubstituted, trans- and cis-like-disubstituted derivatives governed the self-assembly of the pyrenyl core on the nanostructured hBN support, affording dense-packed arrays and intricate porous networks featuring a kagome lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenik M Zimmermann
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Knud Seufert
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Luka Ðorđević
- The School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, UK-CF10 3AT Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Hoh
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sushobhan Joshi
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tomas Marangoni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- The School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, UK-CF10 3AT Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Deimel PS, Feulner P, Barth JV, Allegretti F. Spatial decoupling of macrocyclic metal-organic complexes from a metal support: a 4-fluorothiophenol self-assembled monolayer as a thermally removable spacer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10992-11003. [PMID: 31106802 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01583c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The precise control over the electronic properties and function of metal centres in metal-organic complexes such as metallo-porphyrins (MPs) and metallo-phthalocyanines (MPcs) holds promise for their targeted application in, e.g., nanoscale chemical conversion devices and molecular sensors. However, when immobilizing these flat chelate complexes on solid supports, the influence of the latter on the metal centres can decisively alter their chemistry and functional properties, e.g. through charge transfer and orbital hybridization on metal substrates. In the present work we explore a simple strategy to both spatially and electronically decouple prototypical MP and MPc compounds from a Ag(111) surface, by preventing direct physical contact with the underlying support via insertion of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 4-fluorothiophenol (4-FTP). This spacer layer can be important to preserve the molecular properties of adsorbed MPs and MPcs and to design hybrid functional systems of increasing sophistication such as stacked multilayer architectures. Herein, we show that at low temperature (∼150 K) the 4-FTP SAM on Ag(111) can indeed serve to decouple iron-phthalocyanine (FePc) and ruthenium-tetraphenylporphyrin (Ru(CO)TPP) monolayers from the Ag(111) surface. When the temperature is increased, however, the system's configuration breaks down, resulting in an inverted stacking followed by the complete removal of 4-FTP at elevated temperatures. The SAM can thus play the role of a thermally removable spacer. We elucidate the structural and chemical evolution of the organic double-layer system by combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed XPS (TP-XPS), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Deimel
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Peter Feulner
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Paschke F, Erler P, Enenkel V, Gragnaniello L, Fonin M. Bulk-Like Magnetic Signature of Individual Fe 4H Molecular Magnets on Graphene. ACS NANO 2019; 13:780-785. [PMID: 30604971 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) incorporate key properties that make them promising candidates for the emerging field of spintronics. The challenge to realize ordered SMM arrangements on surfaces and at the same time to preserve the magnetic properties upon interaction with the environment is a crucial point on the way to applications. Here we employ inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) to address the magnetic properties in single Fe4 complexes that are adsorbed in a highly ordered arrangement on graphene/Ir(111). We are able to substantially reduce the influence of both the tunneling tip and the adsorption environment on the Fe4 complex during the measurements by using appropriate tunneling parameters in combination with the flat-lying Fe4H derivative and a weakly interacting surface. This allows us to perform noninvasive IETS studies on these bulky molecules. From the measurements we identify intermultiplet spin transitions and determine the intramolecular magnetic exchange interaction constant on a large number of molecules. Although a considerable scattering of the exchange constant values is observed, the distribution maximum is located at a value that coincides with that of the bulk. Our findings confirm a retained molecular magnetism of the Fe4H complex at the local scale and evaluate the influence of the environment on the magnetic exchange interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Paschke
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Philipp Erler
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Vivien Enenkel
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Luca Gragnaniello
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Mikhail Fonin
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Y. Electric-field control of spin orientation of manganocene: An insight into molecule-substrate interactions. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:014701. [PMID: 30621402 DOI: 10.1063/1.5064687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The manipulation of spin orientations in molecular nanomagnets assembled on surfaces is essential for the development of memory devices. These properties are dominated by interactions with the substrate. Here, we show that individual manganocene molecules deposited on Cu(111) exhibit different easy magnetization directions in an applied electric-field due to different contact geometries. Using Hubbard-U corrected density-functional theory to describe strong correlation effects and a non-self-consistent diagonalization method to treat spin-orbit coupling, we demonstrate that the field-induced spin reorientation transition occurs in the standing-up molecule in both high-spin (HS) and low-spin states, while the transition only occurs in the HS state for the flat-lying molecule. We propose plausible mechanisms in terms of charge polarization at the interface as well as modifications of the electronic states near the Fermi level E F. We show that the molecule largely preserves its arrangement of 3d orbitals in the standing configuration due to the "insulating layer" (bridging ligand), whereas direct contact of the Mn ion with the substrate in the lying configuration induces an orbital degeneracy around E F, thus preventing the electrical modulation of magnetic anisotropies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cornia A, Mannini M, Sessoli R, Gatteschi D. Propeller-Shaped Fe4
and Fe3
M Molecular Nanomagnets: A Journey from Crystals to Addressable Single Molecules. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences and INSTM Research Unit; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and INSTM Research Unit; University of Florence; 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and INSTM Research Unit; University of Florence; 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
- Research Area Firenze; Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici - ICCOM-CNR; 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Dante Gatteschi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and INSTM Research Unit; University of Florence; 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schwarz M, Duncan DA, Garnica M, Ducke J, Deimel PS, Thakur PK, Lee TL, Allegretti F, Auwärter W. Quantitative determination of a model organic/insulator/metal interface structure. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21971-21977. [PMID: 30444513 PMCID: PMC6289171 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
By combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray standing waves and scanning tunneling microscopy, we investigate the geometric and electronic structure of a prototypical organic/insulator/metal interface, namely cobalt porphine on monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on Cu(111). Specifically, we determine the adsorption height of the organic molecule and show that the original planar molecular conformation is preserved in contrast to the adsorption on Cu(111). In addition, we highlight the electronic decoupling provided by the h-BN spacer layer and find that the h-BN-metal separation is not significantly modified by the molecular adsorption. Finally, we find indication of a temperature dependence of the adsorption height, which might be a signature of strongly-anisotropic thermal vibrations of the weakly bonded molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwarz
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| | - David A. Duncan
- Diamond Light Source
, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
,
Didcot OX11 0DE
, UK
| | - Manuela Garnica
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| | - Jacob Ducke
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| | - Peter S. Deimel
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| | - Pardeep K. Thakur
- Diamond Light Source
, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
,
Didcot OX11 0DE
, UK
| | - Tien-Lin Lee
- Diamond Light Source
, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
,
Didcot OX11 0DE
, UK
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department
, Technical University of Munich
,
85748 Garching
, Germany
.
;
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen Z, Fan Y, Wang J, Yang L, Zhang S. Penta-Nuclear Fe(III) Cluster: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic Properties and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering); Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yipeng Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering); Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jiming Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering); Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering); Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering); Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fernandez Garcia G, Lunghi A, Totti F, Sessoli R. The disclosure of mesoscale behaviour of a 3d-SMM monolayer on Au(111) through a multilevel approach. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:4096-4104. [PMID: 29431791 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06320b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a computational study of a full- and a half-monolayer of a Fe4 single molecule magnet ([Fe4(L)2(dpm)6], where H3L = 2-hydroxymethyl-2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol and Hdpm = dipivaloylmethane, Fe4Ph) on an unreconstructed surface of Au(111). This has been possible through the application of an integrated approach, which allows the explicit inclusion of the packing effects in the classical dynamics to be used in a second step in periodic and non-periodic high level DFT calculations. In this way we can obtain access to mesoscale geometrical data and verify how they can influence the magnetic properties of interest of the single Fe4 molecule. The proposed approach allows to overcome the ab initio state-of-the-art approaches used to study Single Molecule Magnets (SMMs), which are based on the study of one single adsorbed molecule and cannot represent effects on the scale of a monolayer. Indeed, we show here that it is possible to go beyond the computational limitations inherent to the use, for such complex systems, of accurate calculation techniques (e.g. ab initio molecular dynamics) without losing the level of accuracy necessary to gain new detailed insights, hardly reachable at the experimental level. Indeed, long-range and edge effects on the Fe4 structures and their easy axis of magnetization orientations have been evidenced as their different contributions to the overall macroscopic behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Fernandez Garcia
- Università degli Studi di Firenze. Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hinaut A, Meier T, Pawlak R, Feund S, Jöhr R, Kawai S, Glatzel T, Decurtins S, Müllen K, Narita A, Liu SX, Meyer E. Electrospray deposition of structurally complex molecules revealed by atomic force microscopy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:1337-1344. [PMID: 29296988 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06261c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Advances in organic chemistry allow the synthesis of large, complex and highly functionalized organic molecules having potential applications in optoelectronics, molecular electronics and organic solar cells. Their integration into devices as individual components or highly ordered thin-films is of paramount importance to address these future prospects. However, conventional sublimation techniques in vacuum are usually not applicable since large organic compounds are often non-volatile and decompose upon heating. Here, we prove by atomic force microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy, the structural integrity of complex organic molecules deposited onto an Au(111) surface using electrospray ionisation deposition. High resolution AFM measurements with CO-terminated tips unambiguously reveal their successful transfer from solution to the gold surface in ultra-high vacuum without degradation of their chemical structures. Furthermore, the formation of molecular structures from small islands to large and highly-ordered self-assemblies of those fragile molecules is demonstrated, confirming the use of electrospray ionisation to promote also on-surface polymerization reactions of highly functionalized organic compounds, biological molecules or molecular magnets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Hinaut
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sertphon D, Harding P, Murray KS, Moubaraki B, Chilton NF, Hill S, Marbey J, Adams H, Davies CG, Jameson GNL, Harding DJ. Self-assembly of a mixed-valence FeII–FeIII tetranuclear star. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7118-7122. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01241e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A self-assembled mixed-valence FeII–FeIII tetranuclear star is reported that shows ferromagnetic coupling, field-induced single molecule magnetism and strong magnetic anisotropy at the peripheral FeII centres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darunee Sertphon
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Centre of Excellence
- Walailak University
- Thasala
- Thailand
| | - Phimphaka Harding
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Centre of Excellence
- Walailak University
- Thasala
- Thailand
| | | | | | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Stephen Hill
- Florida State University
- Department of Physics
- Tallahassee
- USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
| | - Jonathan Marbey
- Florida State University
- Department of Physics
- Tallahassee
- USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
| | - Harry Adams
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Casey G. Davies
- Department of Chemistry & MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
| | - Guy N. L. Jameson
- Department of Chemistry & MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- University of Otago
- Dunedin
- New Zealand
- School of Chemistry
| | - David J. Harding
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Centre of Excellence
- Walailak University
- Thasala
- Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gragnaniello L, Paschke F, Erler P, Schmitt P, Barth N, Simon S, Brune H, Rusponi S, Fonin M. Uniaxial 2D Superlattice of Fe 4 Molecular Magnets on Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:7177-7182. [PMID: 29148799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that electrospray deposition enables the fabrication of highly periodic self-assembled arrays of Fe4H single molecule magnets on graphene/Ir(111). The energetic positions of molecular states are probed by means of scanning tunneling spectroscopy, showing pronounced long- and short-ranged spatial modulations, indicating the presence of both locally varying intermolecular as well as adsorption-site dependent molecule-substrate interactions. From the magnetic field dependence of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism signal, we infer that the magnetic easy axis of each Fe4H molecule is oriented perpendicular to the sample surface and that after the deposition the value of the uniaxial anisotropy is identical to the one in bulk. Our findings therefore suggest that the observed interaction of the molecules with their surrounding does not modify the molecular magnetism, resulting in a two-dimensional array of molecular magnets that retain their bulk magnetic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Harald Brune
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Rusponi
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang Y. Single-molecule spin orientation control by an electric field. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:194705. [PMID: 28527446 PMCID: PMC5438278 DOI: 10.1063/1.4983697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the effects of an electric field E on the spin orientations of nickelocene (Nc) deposited on the Cu surfaces by means of first-principles calculations. We employ the Hubbard-U corrected van der Waals density functional to take into account the strong correlation effects of the localized 3d electrons and the non-covalent binding involved in the molecule-surface coupling. We show that the deposited Nc molecule can switch between in-plane (in small E-field) and perpendicular magnetization (in large E-field). We find that the significant charge transfer between the molecule and the metallic surface plays a dominant role in the spin reorientation transition. From an electronic structure perspective, the shift in the Fermi level enhances the coupling between the occupied and unoccupied Ni-3d states of different spin states, which tends to facilitate the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. These findings shed some light on the electrical control of the magnetic anisotropies of single-molecule magnets on metal surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Feltham HLC, Dumas C, Mannini M, Otero E, Sainctavit P, Sessoli R, Meledandri CJ, Brooker S. Proof of Principle: Immobilisation of Robust Cu II3 Tb III -Macrocycles on Small, Suitably Pre-functionalised Gold Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2017; 23:2517-2521. [PMID: 27981632 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In a proof-of-principle study, a soluble macrocyclic single-molecule magnet (SMM) containing a CuII3 TbIII magnetic core was covalently grafted onto small gold nanoparticles pre-functionalised with carboxylate-terminated tethers. A modified microemulsion method allowed production of the small and monodisperse nanoparticles (approximately 3.5 nm in diameter) for the chemisorption of a large amount of intact macrocyclic complexes in the hybrid system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey L C Feltham
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechonology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Christophe Dumas
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechonology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,IMPMC, UMR 7590, CNRS, UPMC, IRD, MNHN, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Carla J Meledandri
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechonology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechonology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Makarova MV, Okawa Y, Verveniotis E, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Joachim C, Aono M. Self-assembled diacetylene molecular wire polymerization on an insulating hexagonal boron nitride (0001) surface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:395303. [PMID: 27573286 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/39/395303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The electrical characterization of single-polymer chains on a surface is an important step towards novel molecular device development. The main challenge is the lack of appropriate atomically flat insulating substrates for fabricating single-polymer chains. Here, using atomic force microscopy, we demonstrate that the (0001) surface of an insulating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate leads to a flat-lying self-assembled monolayer of diacetylene compounds. The subsequent heating or ultraviolet irradiation can initiate an on-surface polymerization process leading to the formation of long polydiacetylene chains. The frequency of photo-polymerization occurrence on h-BN(0001) is two orders of magnitude higher than that on graphite(0001). This is explained by the enhanced lifetime of the molecular excited state, because relaxation via the h-BN is suppressed due to a large band gap. We also demonstrate that on-surface polymerization on h-BN(0001) is possible even after the lithography process, which opens up the possibility of further electrical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Makarova
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance, 2, Prague 8, 18221, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rigamonti L, Cotton C, Nava A, Lang H, Rüffer T, Perfetti M, Sorace L, Barra AL, Lan Y, Wernsdorfer W, Sessoli R, Cornia A. Diamondoid Structure in a Metal-Organic Framework of Fe4Single-Molecule Magnets. Chemistry 2016; 22:13705-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rigamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia & INSTM RU of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Carri Cotton
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia & INSTM RU of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Andrea Nava
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia & INSTM RU of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia; via G. Campi 213/a 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Heinrich Lang
- TU Chemnitz; Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Chemnitz 09107 Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- TU Chemnitz; Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften; Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie; Chemnitz 09107 Germany
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Laboratory of Molecular Magnetism (LAMM); Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università degli Studi di Firenze & INSTM RU of Firenze; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- Laboratory of Molecular Magnetism (LAMM); Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università degli Studi di Firenze & INSTM RU of Firenze; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Anne-Laure Barra
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI); CNRS; 25 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 166 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9 France
| | - Yanhua Lan
- Institut Néel; CNRS; 25 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 166 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Institut Néel; CNRS; 25 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 166 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Magnetism (LAMM); Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università degli Studi di Firenze & INSTM RU of Firenze; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia & INSTM RU of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dreiser J, Pacchioni GE, Donati F, Gragnaniello L, Cavallin A, Pedersen KS, Bendix J, Delley B, Pivetta M, Rusponi S, Brune H. Out-of-Plane Alignment of Er(trensal) Easy Magnetization Axes Using Graphene. ACS NANO 2016; 10:2887-2892. [PMID: 26814851 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b08178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have studied Er(trensal) single-ion magnets adsorbed on graphene/Ru(0001), on graphene/Ir(111), and on bare Ru(0001) by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. On graphene, the molecules self-assemble into dense and well-ordered islands with their magnetic easy axes perpendicular to the surface. In contrast, on bare Ru(0001), the molecules are disordered, exhibiting only weak directional preference of the easy magnetization axis. The perfect out-of-plane alignment of the easy axes on graphene results from the molecule-molecule interaction, which dominates over the weak adsorption on the graphene surface. Our results demonstrate that the net magnetic properties of a molecular submonolayer can be tuned using a graphene spacer layer, which is attractive for hybrid molecule-inorganic spintronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dreiser
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia E Pacchioni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Donati
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Gragnaniello
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Cavallin
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kasper S Pedersen
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641 and CNRS, ICMCB, UPR 9014, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Marina Pivetta
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Rusponi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harald Brune
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao W, Dong L, Huang C, Win ZM, Lin N. Cu- and Pd-catalyzed Ullmann reaction on a hexagonal boron nitride layer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13225-13228. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05029h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that Cu and Pd can efficiently activate Ullmann reactions on inert h-BN with two distinctive reaction paths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Zaw Myo Win
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- Hong Kong
- China
| |
Collapse
|