1
|
Chuang YT, Lin TY, Tan GH, Jan PE, Lin HC, Chen HM, Hsiao KY, Chen BH, Lu CH, Lee CH, Pao CW, Yang SD, Lu MY, Lin HW. Highly Efficient MAPbI 3-Based Quantum Dots Exhibiting Unusual Nonblinking Single Photon Emission at Room Temperature. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308676. [PMID: 38072780 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Highly emissive semiconductor nanocrystals, or so-called quantum dots (QDs) possess a variety of applications from displays and biology labeling, to quantum communication and modern security. Though ensembles of QDs have already shown very high photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs) and have been widely utilized in current optoelectronic products, QDs that exhibit high absorption cross-section, high emission intensity, and, most important, nonblinking behavior at single-dot level have long been desired and not yet realized at room temperature. In this work, infrared-emissive MAPbI3-based halide perovskite QDs is demonstrated. These QDs not only show a ≈100% PLQY at the ensemble level but also, surprisingly, at the single-dot level, display an extra-large absorption cross-section up to 1.80 × 10-12 cm2 and non-blinking single photon emission with a high single photon purity of 95.3%, a unique property that is extremely rare among all types of quantum emitters operated at room temperature. An in-depth analysis indicates that neither trion formation nor band-edge carrier trapping is observed in MAPbI3 QDs, resulting in the suppression of intensity blinking and lifetime blinking. Fluence-dependent transient absorption measurements reveal that the coexistence of non-blinking behavior and high single photon purity in these perovskite QDs results from a significant repulsive exciton-exciton interaction, which suppresses the formation of biexciton, and thus greatly reduces photocharging. The robustness of these QDs is confirmed by their excellent stability under continuous 1 h electron irradiation in high-resolution transmission electron microscope inspection. It is believed that these results mark an important milestone in realizing nonblinking single photon emission in semiconductor QDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Tang Chuang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Hsun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-En Jan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Cheng Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Pao
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tolmachev DO, Fernée MJ, Shornikova EV, Siverin NV, Yakovlev DR, Van Avermaet H, Hens Z, Bayer M. Positive Trions in InP/ZnSe/ZnS Colloidal Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9378-9388. [PMID: 38498768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
InP-based colloidal nanocrystals are being developed as an alternative to cadmium-based materials. However, their optical properties have not been widely studied. In this paper, the fundamental magneto-optical properties of InP/ZnSe/ZnS nanocrystals are investigated at cryogenic temperatures. Ensemble measurements using two-photon excitation spectroscopy revealed the band-edge hole state to have 1Sh symmetry, resolving some controversy on this issue. Single nanocrystal microphotoluminescence measurements provided increased spectral resolution that facilitated direct detection of the lowest energy confined acoustic phonon mode at 0.9 meV, which is several times smaller than the previously reported values for similar nanocrystals. Zeeman splitting of narrow spectral lines in a magnetic field indicated a bright trion emission. A simple trion model was used to identify a positive trion charge. Furthermore, the Zeeman split spectra allowed the direct measurement of both the electron and hole g-factors, which match existing theoretical predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danil O Tolmachev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mark J Fernée
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Elena V Shornikova
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nikita V Siverin
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dmitri R Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hannes Van Avermaet
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almutlaq J, Liu Y, Mir WJ, Sabatini RP, Englund D, Bakr OM, Sargent EH. Engineering colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals for quantum information processing. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01606-4. [PMID: 38514820 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Quantum information processing-which relies on spin defects or single-photon emission-has shown quantum advantage in proof-of-principle experiments including microscopic imaging of electromagnetic fields, strain and temperature in applications ranging from battery research to neuroscience. However, critical gaps remain on the path to wider applications, including a need for improved functionalization, deterministic placement, size homogeneity and greater programmability of multifunctional properties. Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals can close these gaps in numerous application areas, following years of rapid advances in synthesis and functionalization. In this Review, we specifically focus on three key topics: optical interfaces to long-lived spin states, deterministic placement and delivery for sensing beyond the standard quantum limit, and extensions to multifunctional colloidal quantum circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Almutlaq
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Wasim J Mir
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Randy P Sabatini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dirk Englund
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Osman M Bakr
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gil HM, Booth Z, Price TW, Lee J, Naylor-Adamson L, Avery M, Muravitskaya A, Hondow N, Allsup D, Schneider JE, Naseem K, Adawi AM, Bouillard JSG, Chamberlain TW, Calaminus SDJ, Stasiuk GJ. Impact of Surface Ligand on the Biocompatibility of InP/ZnS Quantum Dots with Platelets. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304881. [PMID: 37946631 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have received a large focus in recent years as a safer alternative to heavy metal-based QDs. Given their intrinsic fluorescent imaging capabilities, these QDs can be potentially relevant for in vivo platelet imaging. The InP/ZnS QDs are synthesized and their biocompatibility investigated through the use of different phase transfer agents. Analysis of platelet function indicates that platelet-QD interaction can occur at all concentrations and for all QD permutations tested. However, as the QD concentration increases, platelet aggregation is induced by QDs alone independent of natural platelet agonists. This study helps to define a range of concentrations and coatings (thioglycolic acid and penicillamine) that are biocompatible with platelet function. With this information, the platelet-QD interaction can be identified using multiple methods. Fluorescent lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and confocal studies have shown QDs localize on the surface of the platelet toward the center while showing evidence of energy transfer within the QD population. It is believed that these findings are an important stepping point for the development of fluorescent probes for platelet imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélio M Gil
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Zoe Booth
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Thomas W Price
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jessica Lee
- Centre for Biomedicine, University of Hull, Hull , HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Leigh Naylor-Adamson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Michelle Avery
- Centre for Biomedicine, University of Hull, Hull , HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Alina Muravitskaya
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull , HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Nicole Hondow
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David Allsup
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | | | - Khalid Naseem
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ali M Adawi
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull , HU6 7RX, UK
| | | | - Thomas W Chamberlain
- Institute of Process Research and Development School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Simon D J Calaminus
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Graeme J Stasiuk
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cavanaugh P, Wang X, Bautista MJ, Jen-La Plante I, Kelley DF. Spectral widths and Stokes shifts in InP-based quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:134704. [PMID: 37787140 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
InP-based quantum dots (QDs) have Stokes shifts and photoluminescence (PL) line widths that are larger than in II-VI semiconductor QDs with comparable exciton energies. The mechanisms responsible for these spectral characteristics are investigated in this paper. Upon comparing different semiconductors, we find the Stokes shift decreases in the following order: InP > CdTe > CdSe. We also find that the Stokes shift decreases with core size and decreases upon deposition of a ZnSe shell. We suggest that the Stokes shift is largely due to different absorption and luminescent states in the angular momentum fine structure. The energy difference between the fine structure levels, and hence the Stokes shifts, are controlled by the electron-hole exchange interaction. Luminescence polarization results are reported and are consistent with this assignment. Spectral widths are controlled by the extent of homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening. We report PL and PL excitation (PLE) spectra that facilitate assessing the roles of homogeneous and different inhomogeneous broadening mechanisms in the spectra of zinc-treated InP and InP/ZnSe/ZnS particles. There are two distinct types of inhomogeneous broadening: size inhomogeneity and core-shell interface inhomogeneity. The latter results in a distribution of core-shell band offsets and is caused by interfacial dipoles associated with In-Se or P-Zn bonding. Quantitative modeling of the spectra shows that the offset inhomogeneity is comparable to but somewhat smaller than the size inhomogeneity. The combination of these two types of inhomogeneity also explains several aspects of reversible hole trapping dynamics involving localized In3+/VZn2- impurity states in the ZnSe shells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cavanaugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, USA
| | - Xudong Wang
- Nanosys, Inc., 233 S. Hillview Dr., Milpitas, California 95035, USA
| | - Maria J Bautista
- Nanosys, Inc., 233 S. Hillview Dr., Milpitas, California 95035, USA
| | | | - David F Kelley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Proppe AH, Berkinsky DB, Zhu H, Šverko T, Kaplan AEK, Horowitz JR, Kim T, Chung H, Jun S, Bawendi MG. Highly stable and pure single-photon emission with 250 ps optical coherence times in InP colloidal quantum dots. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:993-999. [PMID: 37386140 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01432-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantum photonic technologies such as quantum communication, sensing or computation require efficient, stable and pure single-photon sources. Epitaxial quantum dots (QDs) have been made capable of on-demand photon generation with high purity, indistinguishability and brightness, although they require precise fabrication and face challenges in scalability. By contrast, colloidal QDs are batch synthesized in solution but typically have broader linewidths, low single-photon purities and unstable emission. Here we demonstrate spectrally stable, pure and narrow-linewidth single-photon emission from InP/ZnSe/ZnS colloidal QDs. Using photon correlation Fourier spectroscopy, we observe single-dot linewidths as narrow as ~5 µeV at 4 K, giving a lower-bounded optical coherence time, T2, of ~250 ps. These dots exhibit minimal spectral diffusion on timescales of microseconds to minutes, and narrow linewidths are maintained on timescales up to 50 ms, orders of magnitude longer than other colloidal systems. Moreover, these InP/ZnSe/ZnS dots have single-photon purities g(2)(τ = 0) of 0.077-0.086 in the absence of spectral filtering. This work demonstrates the potential of heavy-metal-free InP-based QDs as spectrally stable sources of single photons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Proppe
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David B Berkinsky
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tara Šverko
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander E K Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonah R Horowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Taehyung Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Chung
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinae Jun
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chandrasekaran V, Scarpelli L, Masia F, Borri P, Langbein W, Hens Z. Exciton Dephasing by Phonon-Induced Scattering between Bright Exciton States in InP/ZnSe Colloidal Quantum Dots. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37326256 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Decoherence or dephasing of the exciton is a central characteristic of a quantum dot (QD) that determines the minimum width of the exciton emission line and the purity of indistinguishable photon emission during exciton recombination. Here, we analyze exciton dephasing in colloidal InP/ZnSe QDs using transient four-wave mixing spectroscopy. We obtain a dephasing time of 23 ps at a temperature of 5 K, which agrees with the smallest line width of 50 μeV we measure for the exciton emission of single InP/ZnSe QDs at 5 K. By determining the dephasing time as a function of temperature, we find that exciton decoherence can be described as a phonon-induced, thermally activated process. The deduced activation energy of 0.32 meV corresponds to the small splitting within the nearly isotropic bright exciton triplet of InP/ZnSe QDs, suggesting that the dephasing is dominated by phonon-induced scattering within the bright exciton triplet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vigneshwaran Chandrasekaran
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Scarpelli
- Cardiff University School of Physics and Astronomy, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Masia
- Cardiff University School of Physics and Astronomy, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Borri
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Langbein
- Cardiff University School of Physics and Astronomy, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nguyen HA, Dixon G, Dou FY, Gallagher S, Gibbs S, Ladd DM, Marino E, Ondry JC, Shanahan JP, Vasileiadou ES, Barlow S, Gamelin DR, Ginger DS, Jonas DM, Kanatzidis MG, Marder SR, Morton D, Murray CB, Owen JS, Talapin DV, Toney MF, Cossairt BM. Design Rules for Obtaining Narrow Luminescence from Semiconductors Made in Solution. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37311205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed semiconductors are in demand for present and next-generation optoelectronic technologies ranging from displays to quantum light sources because of their scalability and ease of integration into devices with diverse form factors. One of the central requirements for semiconductors used in these applications is a narrow photoluminescence (PL) line width. Narrow emission line widths are needed to ensure both color and single-photon purity, raising the question of what design rules are needed to obtain narrow emission from semiconductors made in solution. In this review, we first examine the requirements for colloidal emitters for a variety of applications including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers, and quantum information science. Next, we will delve into the sources of spectral broadening, including "homogeneous" broadening from dynamical broadening mechanisms in single-particle spectra, heterogeneous broadening from static structural differences in ensemble spectra, and spectral diffusion. Then, we compare the current state of the art in terms of emission line width for a variety of colloidal materials including II-VI quantum dots (QDs) and nanoplatelets, III-V QDs, alloyed QDs, metal-halide perovskites including nanocrystals and 2D structures, doped nanocrystals, and, finally, as a point of comparison, organic molecules. We end with some conclusions and connections, including an outline of promising paths forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Grant Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Florence Y Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Shaun Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Stephen Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dylan M Ladd
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - James P Shanahan
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - David M Jonas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Seth R Marder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Daniel Morton
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jonathan S Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu L, Bai B, Yang X, Du Z, Jia G. Anisotropic Heavy-Metal-Free Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3625-3692. [PMID: 36946890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Heavy-metal (Cd, Hg, and Pb)-containing semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been explored widely due to their unique optical and electrical properties. However, the toxicity risks of heavy metals can be a drawback of heavy-metal-containing NCs in some applications. Anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs are desirable replacements and can be realized following the establishment of anisotropic growth mechanisms. These anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs can possess lower toxicity risks, while still exhibiting unique optical and electrical properties originating from both the morphological and compositional anisotropy. As a result, they are promising light-emitting materials in use various applications. In this review, we provide an overview on the syntheses, properties, and applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free semiconductor NCs. In the first section, we discuss hazards of heavy metals and introduce the typical heavy-metal-containing and heavy-metal-free NCs. In the next section, we discuss anisotropic growth mechanisms, including solution-liquid-solid (SLS), oriented attachment, ripening, templated-assisted growth, and others. We discuss mechanisms leading both to morphological anisotropy and to compositional anisotropy. Examples of morphological anisotropy include growth of nanorods (NRs)/nanowires (NWs), nanotubes, nanoplatelets (NPLs)/nanosheets, nanocubes, and branched structures. Examples of compositional anisotropy, including heterostructures and core/shell structures, are summarized. Third, we provide insights into the properties of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs including optical polarization, fast electron transfer, localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR), and so on, which originate from the NCs' anisotropic morphologies and compositions. Finally, we summarize some applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs including catalysis, solar cells, photodetectors, lighting-emitting diodes (LEDs), and biological applications. Despite the huge progress on the syntheses and applications of anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs, some issues still exist in the novel anisotropic heavy-metal-free NCs and the corresponding energy conversion applications. Therefore, we also discuss the challenges of this field and provide possible solutions to tackle these challenges in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guohua Jia
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nguyen HA, Sharp D, Fröch JE, Cai YY, Wu S, Monahan M, Munley C, Manna A, Majumdar A, Kagan CR, Cossairt BM. Deterministic Quantum Light Arrays from Giant Silica-Shelled Quantum Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4294-4302. [PMID: 36507852 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for single-photon sources with applications in photonic quantum information technologies. Developing practical photonic quantum devices with colloidal materials, however, requires scalable deterministic placement of stable single QD emitters. In this work, we describe a method to exploit QD size to facilitate deterministic positioning of single QDs into large arrays while maintaining their photostability and single-photon emission properties. CdSe/CdS core/shell QDs were encapsulated in silica to both increase their physical size without perturbing their quantum-confined emission and enhance their photostability. These giant QDs were then precisely positioned into ordered arrays using template-assisted self-assembly with a 75% yield for single QDs. We show that the QDs before and after assembly exhibit antibunching behavior at room temperature and their optical properties are retained after an extended period of time. Together, this bottom-up synthetic approach via silica shelling and the robust template-assisted self-assembly offer a unique strategy to produce scalable quantum photonics platforms using colloidal QDs as single-photon emitters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98189, United States
| | - David Sharp
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, United States
| | - Johannes E Fröch
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yi-Yu Cai
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Shenwei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98189, United States
| | - Madison Monahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98189, United States
| | - Christopher Munley
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, United States
| | - Arnab Manna
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, United States
| | - Arka Majumdar
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Cherie R Kagan
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98189, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ghosh S, Mukherjee S, Mandal S, De CK, Mardanya S, Saha A, Mandal PK. Beneficial Intrinsic Hole Trapping and Its Amplitude Variation in a Highly Photoluminescent Toxic-Metal-Free Quantum Dot. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:260-266. [PMID: 36595225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic hole trapping as well as hole detrapping have not been observed for any quantum dot (QD) or perovskite nanocrystal (PNC) system. Moreover, amplitude variation of intrinsic hole trapping (or detrapping) has not been reported at all for any QD or PNC system. However, for a CuInS2-based core/alloy-shell (CAS) QD system, (a) both intrinsic hole trapping and detrapping have been observed and (b) very significant amplitude variations of hole trapping (∼16 to ∼42%) and hole detrapping (∼44 to 23%) have been observed. Unlike detrimental electron trapping, hole trapping has been shown to be beneficial, having a direct correlation toward increasing PLQY to 96%. Simultaneous electron and hole trapping has been shown to be quite beneficial for the CuInS2-based CAS QD system leading to the longest ON time (∼130 s) for which a nontoxic metal-based QD remains only in the ON-state without blinking.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu C, Marczak M, Feld L, Boehme SC, Bernasconi C, Moskalenko A, Cherniukh I, Dirin D, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Rainò G. Room-Temperature, Highly Pure Single-Photon Sources from All-Inorganic Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3751-3760. [PMID: 35467890 PMCID: PMC9101069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Attaining pure single-photon emission is key for many quantum technologies, from optical quantum computing to quantum key distribution and quantum imaging. The past 20 years have seen the development of several solid-state quantum emitters, but most of them require highly sophisticated techniques (e.g., ultrahigh vacuum growth methods and cryostats for low-temperature operation). The system complexity may be significantly reduced by employing quantum emitters capable of working at room temperature. Here, we present a systematic study across ∼170 photostable single CsPbX3 (X: Br and I) colloidal quantum dots (QDs) of different sizes and compositions, unveiling that increasing quantum confinement is an effective strategy for maximizing single-photon purity due to the suppressed biexciton quantum yield. Leveraging the latter, we achieve 98% single-photon purity (g(2)(0) as low as 2%) from a cavity-free, nonresonantly excited single 6.6 nm CsPbI3 QDs, showcasing the great potential of CsPbX3 QDs as room-temperature highly pure single-photon sources for quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglian Zhu
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Malwina Marczak
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Leon Feld
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Simon C. Boehme
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Bernasconi
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Moskalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ihor Cherniukh
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Dirin
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Roy D, De CK, Ghosh S, Mukherjee S, Mandal S, Mandal PK. Ultrafast dynamics and ultrasensitive single particle spectroscopy of optically robust core/alloy shell semiconductor quantum dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8578-8590. [PMID: 35355030 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05780d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A "one-pot one-step" synthesis method of Core/Alloy Shell (CAS) quantum dots (QDs) offers the scope of large scale synthesis in a less time consuming, more economical, highly reproducible and high-throughput manner in comparison to "multi-pot multi-step" synthesis for Core/Shell (CS) QDs. Rapid initial nucleation, and smooth & uniform shell growth lead to the formation of a compositionally-gradient alloyed hetero-structure with very significantly reduced interfacial trap density in CAS QDs. Thus, interfacial strain gets reduced in a much smoother manner leading to enhanced confinement for the photo-generated charge carriers in CAS QDs. Convincing proof of alloy-shelling for a CAS QD has been provided from HRTEM images at the single particle level. The band gap could be tuned as a function of composition, temperature, reactivity difference of precursors, etc. and a high PLQY and improved photochemical stability could be achieved for a small sized CAS QD. From the ultrafast exciton dynamics in CdSe and InP CAS QDs, it has been shown that (a) the hot exciton thermalization/relaxation happens in <500 fs, (b) hot electron trapping dynamics occurs within a ∼1 ps time scale, (c) band edge exciton trapping occurs within a 10-25 ps timescale and (d) for CdSe CAS QDs the hot hole gets trapped in about 35 ps. From fast PL decay dynamics, it has been shown that the amplitude of the intermediate time constant can be correlated with the PLQY. A model has been provided to understand these ultrafast to fast exciton dynamical processes. At the ultrasensitive single particle level, unlike CS QDs, CdSe CAS QDs have been shown to exhibit (a) constancy of PLmax (i.e. no bluing) and (b) constancy of PL intensity (i.e. no bleaching) of the single CAS QDs for continuous irradiation for one hour under an air atmosphere. Thus, CAS QDs hold the promise of being a superior optical probe in comparison to CS QDs both at the ensemble and at the single particle level, leading to enhanced flexibility of the CAS QDs towards designing and developing next generation application devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debjit Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Chayan K De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Swarnali Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Soumen Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Saptarshi Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| | - Prasun K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India. .,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park J, Won YH, Han Y, Kim HM, Jang E, Kim D. Tuning Hot Carrier Dynamics of InP/ZnSe/ZnS Quantum Dots by Shell Morphology Control. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105492. [PMID: 34889031 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Isotropic InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) are prepared at a high reaction temperature, which facilitates ZnSe shell growth on random facets of the InP core. Fast crystal growth enables stacking faults elimination, which induces anisotropic growth, and as a result, improves the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield by nearly 20%. Herein, the effect of the QD morphology on photophysical properties is investigated by observing the PL blinking and ultrafast charge carrier dynamics. It is found that hot hole trapping is considerably suppressed in isotropic InP QDs, indicating that the stacking faults in the anisotropic InP/ZnSe structures act as defects for luminescence. These results highlight the importance of understanding the correlation between QD shapes and hot carrier dynamics, and present a way to design highly luminescent QDs for further promising display applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumi Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ho Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Han
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Kim
- Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 25 Saenari-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13509, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Jang
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Liu B, Liu Z, Li J. Research progress in synthesis and biological application of quantum dots. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots are an excellent choice for biomedical applications due to their special optical properties and quantum confinement effects. This paper reviews the research and application progress of several quantum...
Collapse
|
16
|
Malik P, Thareja R, Singh J, Kakkar R. II-VI core/shell quantum dots and doping with transition metal ions as a means of tuning the magnetoelectronic properties of CdS/ZnS core/shell QDs: A DFT study. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 111:108099. [PMID: 34871980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the alterations in the properties of II-VI Quantum Dots (QDs) when these are coated with a shell made of another material of the same family and investigates the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of doped CdS/ZnS core/shell QDs. The core/shell QDs have been constructed by building the shell over the bare core QD and it is found that this construction of a shell over the bare QD can bring about dramatic changes in its optical properties. On changing the shell by varying either the cation or the anion, substantial variations are brought about in the band gap and electrophilicity. The trend of Fermi energies is more negative for core/shell QDs than for the QDs without a shell, and the value is almost the same for core/shell QDs with the same core. Swapping of the core and the shell materials brings greater stability in the case of shells of the wider band gap materials. Binding energy data demonstrates that the CdS/ZnS, CdSe/ZnSe, CdSe/CdS core/shell systems are more stable than ZnS/CdS, ZnSe/CdSe, CdS/CdSe core/shell systems, respectively. An augmentation in the properties is found on doping the QD with transition metal ions. The binding energies are found to be functions of the kind of dopant as well as the spin multiplicity and account for the stability of one spin state over the other at a specific site of the QD. The most fascinating property that plays a decisive role in the extant work is the introduction of magnetism in core/shell QDs as a result of the entry of unpaired electrons within the CdS/ZnS QDs on doping with transition metal ions. The deviation of the observed magnetic moments from the expected values increases as the dopant is varied from Mn2+ to Fe2+ to Co2+ to Ni2+ to Cu2+. Hirshfeld charge analysis shows that the doped ion accepts negative charge from the sulfide ions in the core, with the smallest charge transfer seen in the case of Hg2+ ions. As we move from Mn2+ to Hg2+, the trend followed for the Hirshfeld charges indicates that the overall charge on the core is lower and that on the shell is higher for all the doped cases in comparison to the undoped CdS/ZnS core/shell QD. The band gap values reveal that the Fe2+ doped CdS/ZnS core/shell structures have the smallest band gaps. Hence, we expect that this paper will help researchers to develop a strategy to produce QDs of the anticipated properties for various applications, and transition metal ions can be successfully employed for modification of various magnetoelectronic properties of the host semiconductor for future applications in nanotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Malik
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Rakhi Thareja
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Rita Kakkar
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lignos I, Mo Y, Carayannopoulos L, Ginterseder M, Bawendi MG, Jensen KF. A high-temperature continuous stirred-tank reactor cascade for the multistep synthesis of InP/ZnS quantum dots. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00454e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multistep and continuous production of core–shell InP/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals in a high-temperature and miniature continuous stirred-tank reactor cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Lignos
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- U.S.A
| | - Yiming Mo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- U.S.A
| | | | | | - Moungi G. Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- U.S.A
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kagan CR, Bassett LC, Murray CB, Thompson SM. Colloidal Quantum Dots as Platforms for Quantum Information Science. Chem Rev 2020; 121:3186-3233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
19
|
Chen B, Li D, Wang F. InP Quantum Dots: Synthesis and Lighting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002454. [PMID: 32613755 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
InP quantum dots (QDs) are typical III-V group semiconductor nanocrystals that feature large excitonic Bohr radius and high carrier mobility. The merits of InP QDs include large absorption coefficient, broad color tunability, and low toxicity, which render them promising alternatives to classic Cd/Pb-based QDs for applications in practical settings. Over the past two decades, the advances in wet-chemistry methods have enabled the synthesis of small-sized colloidal InP QDs with the assistance of organic ligands. By proper selection of synthetic protocols and precursor materials coupled with surface passivation, the QYs of InP QDs are pushed to near unity with modest color purity. The state-of-the-art InP QDs with appealing optical and electronic properties have excelled in many applications with the potential for commercialization. This work focuses on the recent development of wet-chemistry protocols and various precursor materials for the synthesis and surface modification of InP QDs. Current methods for constructing light-emitting diodes using novel InP-based QDs are also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ji B, Koley S, Slobodkin I, Remennik S, Banin U. ZnSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots with Superior Optical Properties through Thermodynamic Shell Growth. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2387-2395. [PMID: 32134676 PMCID: PMC7467768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial growth of a protective semiconductor shell on a colloidal quantum dot (QD) core is the key strategy for achieving high fluorescence quantum efficiency and essential stability for optoelectronic applications and biotagging with emissive QDs. Herein we investigate the effect of shell growth rate on the structure and optical properties in blue-emitting ZnSe/ZnS QDs with narrow emission line width. Tuning the precursor reactivity modifies the growth mode of ZnS shells on ZnSe cores transforming from kinetic (fast) to thermodynamic (slow) growth regimes. In the thermodynamic growth regime, enhanced fluorescence quantum yields and reduced on-off blinking are achieved. This high performance is ascribed to the effective avoidance of traps at the interface between the core and the shell, which are detrimental to the emission properties. Our study points to a general strategy to obtain high-quality core/shell QDs with enhanced optical properties through controlled reactivity yielding shell growth in the thermodynamic limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Botao Ji
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- The
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Key
Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang
Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University and Institute
of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute
for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Somnath Koley
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- The
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ilya Slobodkin
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- The
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Sergei Remennik
- The
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Uri Banin
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- The
Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hughes KE, Stein JL, Friedfeld MR, Cossairt BM, Gamelin DR. Effects of Surface Chemistry on the Photophysics of Colloidal InP Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2019; 13:14198-14207. [PMID: 31730352 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Indium phosphide (InP) semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) provide a promising alternative to traditional heavy-metal-based luminescent materials for lighting and display technologies, and implementation of InP NCs in consumer products is rapidly increasing. As-synthesized InP NCs typically have very low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY), however. Although empirical methods have led to NCs with near-unity PLQYs, a fundamental understanding of how specific synthetic and post-synthetic protocols can alter the electronic landscape of InP NCs is still lacking. Here, we have studied a series of homologous InP NCs prepared from InP clusters using a combination of room-temperature and low-temperature time-resolved spectroscopies to elucidate how specific charge-carrier trapping processes are affected when various surface modifications are performed. The data allow identification of large PLQY increases that occur specifically through elimination of surface electron traps and provide a rationale for understanding the microscopic origins of this trap suppression in terms of elimination of undercoordinated surface In3+ ions. Despite essentially complete elimination of surface electron trapping when surface In3+ is addressed, hole trapping still exists. This hole trapping is shown to be partially suppressed by even very thin shell growth, attributable to elimination of undercoordinated surface phosphides. We also observe signatures of bright-dark excitonic splitting in InP NCs with only submonolayer surface coverage of select additives (divalent Lewis acids or fluoride anions)-signatures that have only been previously observed in thick-shelled InP NCs. Together, these synthetic and spectroscopic results improve our understanding of relationships between specific InP NC surface chemistries and the resulting NC photophysics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kira E Hughes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Jennifer L Stein
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Max R Friedfeld
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ihara T, Miki S, Yamada T, Kaji T, Otomo A, Hosako I, Terai H. Superior properties in room-temperature colloidal-dot quantum emitters revealed by ultralow-dark-count detections of temporally-purified single photons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15941. [PMID: 31685915 PMCID: PMC6828765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of high-quality quantum emitters that can operate at room temperature is important for accelerating the application of quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, quantum information processing, and quantum metrology. In this work, we study the photon-antibunching properties on room-temperature emission from individual colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) using superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors and temporal filtering of the photoluminescence decay curve. We find that high single-photon purities and high photon-generation rates can be simultaneously achieved by removing the signals originating from the sequential two-photon emission of biexcitons created by multiple excitation pulses. We successfully demonstrate that the ultrahigh performance of the room-temperature single-photon sources showing g(2)(0) ≪ 10−2 can be confirmed by the ultralow-dark-count detection of the temporally purified single photons. These findings provide strong evidence for the attractiveness of CQDs as candidates for high-quality room-temperature quantum light sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Ihara
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan.
| | - Shigehito Miki
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan.,Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamada
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kaji
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Akira Otomo
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Iwao Hosako
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Terai
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2, Iwaoka, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2492, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
McBride JR, Rosenthal SJ. Real colloidal quantum dot structures revealed by high resolution analytical electron microscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:160903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James R. McBride
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Department of Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brodu A, Chandrasekaran V, Scarpelli L, Buhot J, Masia F, Ballottin MV, Severijnen M, Tessier MD, Dupont D, Rabouw FT, Christianen PCM, de Mello Donega C, Vanmaekelbergh D, Langbein W, Hens Z. Fine Structure of Nearly Isotropic Bright Excitons in InP/ZnSe Colloidal Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5468-5475. [PMID: 31424940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fine structure of exciton states in colloidal quantum dots (QDs) results from the compound effect of anisotropy and electron-hole exchange. By means of single-dot photoluminescence spectroscopy, we show that the emission of photoexcited InP/ZnSe QDs originates from radiative recombination of such fine structure exciton states. Depending on the excitation power, we identify a bright exciton doublet, a trion singlet, and a biexciton doublet line that all show pronounced polarization. Fluorescence line narrowing spectra of an ensemble of InP/ZnSe QDs in magnetic fields demonstrate that the bright exciton effectively consists of three states. The Zeeman splitting of these states is well described by an isotropic exciton model, where the fine structure is dominated by electron-hole exchange and shape anisotropy leads to only a minor splitting of the F = 1 triplet. We argue that excitons in InP-based QDs are nearly isotropic because the particular ratio of light and heavy hole masses in InP makes the exciton fine structure insensitive to shape anisotropy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Brodu
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science , Utrecht University , 3584 CC Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Vigneshwaran Chandrasekaran
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Scarpelli
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Buhot
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL , Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Masia
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
| | - Mariana V Ballottin
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL , Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Marion Severijnen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL , Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Mickaël D Tessier
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Dorian Dupont
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Freddy T Rabouw
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science , Utrecht University , 3584 CC Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL , Radboud University , 6525 ED Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science , Utrecht University , 3584 CC Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Daniël Vanmaekelbergh
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science , Utrecht University , 3584 CC Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Langbein
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Elsinger L, Gourgues R, Zadeh IE, Maes J, Guardiani A, Bulgarini G, Pereira SF, Dorenbos SN, Zwiller V, Hens Z, Van Thourhout D. Integration of Colloidal PbS/CdS Quantum Dots with Plasmonic Antennas and Superconducting Detectors on a Silicon Nitride Photonic Platform. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5452-5458. [PMID: 31313928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-photon sources and detectors are indispensable building blocks for integrated quantum photonics, a research field that is seeing ever increasing interest for numerous applications. In this work, we implemented essential components for a quantum key distribution transceiver on a single photonic chip. Plasmonic antennas on top of silicon nitride waveguides provide Purcell enhancement with a concurrent increase of the count rate, speeding up the microsecond radiative lifetime of IR-emitting colloidal PbS/CdS quantum dots (QDs). The use of low-fluorescence silicon nitride, with a waveguide loss smaller than 1 dB/cm, made it possible to implement high extinction ratio optical filters and low insertion loss spectrometers. Waveguide-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors allow for low time-jitter single-photon detection. To showcase the performance of the components, we demonstrate on-chip lifetime spectroscopy of PbS/CdS QDs. The method developed in this paper is predicted to scale down to single QDs, and newly developed emitters can be readily integrated on the chip-based platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Elsinger
- Photonics Research Group , Ghent University - imec , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
- NB Photonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| | | | - Iman E Zadeh
- Optics Research Group , Delft University of Technology , 2628 CJ Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Jorick Maes
- NB Photonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures Group , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | | | | | - Silvania F Pereira
- Optics Research Group , Delft University of Technology , 2628 CJ Delft , The Netherlands
| | | | - Val Zwiller
- Department of Applied Physics , KTH , Stockholm 106 91 , Sweden
| | - Zeger Hens
- NB Photonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures Group , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Dries Van Thourhout
- Photonics Research Group , Ghent University - imec , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
- NB Photonics , Ghent University , 9052 Ghent , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xie Y, Yu S, Zhang L, Du N, Yang M. Radiative and non-radiative decay kinetics of (CdSe)N (N = 3 and 4) clusters. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xie
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shengping Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ning Du
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mingli Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics of Ministry of Education, Research Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu A, Almeida DB, Bae WK, Padilha LA, Cundiff ST. Non-Markovian Exciton-Phonon Interactions in Core-Shell Colloidal Quantum Dots at Femtosecond Timescales. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:057403. [PMID: 31491330 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.057403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We perform two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy on CdSe/CdZnS core-shell colloidal quantum dots at cryogenic temperatures. In the two-dimensional spectra, sidebands due to electronic coupling with CdSe lattice LO-phonon modes are observed to have evolutions deviating from the exponential dephasing expected from Markovian spectral diffusion, which is instantaneous and memoryless. Comparison to simulations provides evidence that LO-phonon coupling induces energy-gap fluctuations on the finite timescales of nuclear motion. The femtosecond resolution of our technique probes exciton dynamics directly on the timescales of phonon coupling in nanocrystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Liu
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D B Almeida
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - W K Bae
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - L A Padilha
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S T Cundiff
- Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
De CK, Roy D, Mandal S, Mandal PK. Suppressed Blinking under Normal Air Atmosphere in Toxic-Metal-Free, Small Sized, InP-Based Core/Alloy-Shell/Shell Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4330-4338. [PMID: 31294573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Suppressed blinking has been reported in large (diameter ∼14.1 nm) core/shell InP quantum dots (QDs) under reduced air environment. We report here suppressed blinking with approximately four times smaller (diameter ∼3.6 nm) core/alloy-shell/shell InP QDs under ambient air atmosphere. The ⟨ON fraction⟩ has been obtained to be 0.65. Approximately 26% of the single QDs exhibit ON fraction >80%. The smaller ON exponent (1.19) magnitude in comparison to the OFF exponent (1.45) indicates longer ON events are interrupted by smaller OFF events. ON event truncation time is ∼1.5 times that of the OFF event, signifying the detrapping rate is much higher than the trapping rate. Interestingly, the detrapping rate/trapping rate (single-particle level property) could be directly correlated to the photoluminescence quantum yield (ensemble level property). An additional exponential term required to fit the probability density distribution of the ON event duration could be correlated with hole trapping, leading to extended ON times (>60 s).
Collapse
|
29
|
Wegner KD, Dussert F, Truffier-Boutry D, Benayad A, Beal D, Mattera L, Ling WL, Carrière M, Reiss P. Influence of the Core/Shell Structure of Indium Phosphide Based Quantum Dots on Their Photostability and Cytotoxicity. Front Chem 2019; 7:466. [PMID: 31316974 PMCID: PMC6610543 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the goal to improve their photostability, InP-based QDs are passivated with three types of inorganic shells, namely (i) a gradient ZnSexS1-x shell, (ii) an additional ZnS shell on top of the gradient shell with two different thicknesses (core/shell/shell, CSS), (iii) an alumina coating on top of ZnS. All three systems have photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) > 50% and similar PL decay times (64-67 ns). To assess their photostability they are incorporated into a transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix and exposed to continuous irradiation with simulated sunlight in a climate chamber. The alumina coated core/shell system exhibits the highest stability in terms of PLQY retention as well as the lowest shift of the PL maximum and lowest increase of the PL linewidth, followed by the CSS QDs and finally the gradient shell system. By means of XPS studies we identify the degradation of the ZnS outer layer and concomitant oxidation of the emissive InZnP core as the main origins of degradation in the gradient structure. These modifications do not occur in the case of the alumina-capped sample, which exhibits excellent chemical stability. The gradient shell and CSS systems could be transferred to the aqueous phase using surface ligand exchange with penicillamine. Cytotoxicity studies on human primary keratinocytes revealed that exposure for 24 h to 6.25-100 nM of QDs did not affect cell viability. However, a trend toward reduced cell proliferation is observed for higher concentrations of gradient shell and CSS QDs with a thin ZnS shell, while CSS QDs with a thicker ZnS shell do not exhibit any impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl David Wegner
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, STEP, Grenoble, France
| | - Fanny Dussert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, CIBEST, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Anass Benayad
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA-LITEN L2N, Grenoble, France
| | - David Beal
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, CIBEST, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucia Mattera
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, STEP, Grenoble, France
| | - Wai Li Ling
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Carrière
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, CIBEST, Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Reiss
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, STEP, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lim M, Lee W, Bang G, Lee WJ, Park Y, Kwon Y, Jung Y, Kim S, Bang J. Synthesis of far-red- and near-infrared-emitting Cu-doped InP/ZnS (core/shell) quantum dots with controlled doping steps and their surface functionalization for bioconjugation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:10463-10471. [PMID: 31112192 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthesized far-red- and near-infrared-emitting Cu-doped InP-based quantum dots (QDs), and we also demonstrated their highly specific and sensitive biological imaging ability. Cu-doped InP/ZnS (core/shell) QDs were prepared using the hot colloidal synthesis method in the organic phase. The ZnS shell passivates the surface and improves the photoluminescence (PL) intensity. However, the InP : Cu/ZnS (core : dopants/shell) QDs, which were obtained after the Cu dopant was incorporated into bare InP QDs, followed by ZnS shell coating, had relatively low PL intensities (maximum PL quantum yield (QY) was only ∼16%) presumably due to the formation of defect sites in the InP-core QDs caused by dopant migration from the InP core to the ZnS shell. We prepared high-quality InP/ZnS : Cu/ZnS (core/shell : dopant/outer-shell) QDs, where thin ZnS shell layers were grown on bare InP QDs prior to Cu ion doping to prevent dopant migration and obtained PL QYs as high as 40%. The native hydrophobic ligands of the as-synthesized Cu-doped QDs were replaced with hydrophilic ligands including dihydrolipoic acid and a zwitterionic ligand, which rendered the QDs water-soluble. These QDs exhibited remarkable colloidal stabilities over a wide pH range, with hydrodynamic diameters less than 10 nm. Modified QD surfaces can also be used in conjugation with other functional moieties to apply highly specific and sensitive imaging probes with very low background levels. As a proof-of-concept study, we successfully demonstrated the selective imaging of streptavidin beads with biotin-conjugated QDs. These decorated Cu-doped InP/ZnS (core/shell) QDs are promising biological-probe candidates for imaging and assaying with reduced concerns regarding toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihye Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li Y, Hou X, Dai X, Yao Z, Lv L, Jin Y, Peng X. Stoichiometry-Controlled InP-Based Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Photoluminescence, and Electroluminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6448-6452. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Hou
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenlei Yao
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liulin Lv
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizheng Jin
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li H, Jia C, Meng X, Li H. Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Colloidal Metal Phosphide Nanocrystals. Front Chem 2019; 6:652. [PMID: 30671431 PMCID: PMC6331784 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as promising materials in optoelectronic devices and biological imaging application due to their tailorable properties through size, shape, and composition. Among these NCs, metal phosphide is an important class, in parallel with metal chalcogenide. In this review, we summarize the recent progress regarding the chemical synthesis and applications of colloidal metal phosphide NCs. As the most important metal phosphide NCs, indium phosphide (InP) NCs have been intensively investigated because of their low toxicity, wide and tunable emission range from visible to the near-infrared region. Firstly, we give a brief overview of synthetic strategies to InP NCs, highlighting the benefit of employing zinc precursors as reaction additive and the importance of different phosphorus precursors to improve the quality of the InP NCs, in terms of size distribution, quantum yield, colloidal stability, and non-blinking behavior. Next, we discuss additional synthetic techniques to overcome the issues of lattice mismatch in the synthesis of core/shell metal phosphide NCs, by constructing an intermediate layer between core/shell or designing a shell with gradient composition in a radial direction. We also envision future research directions of InP NCs. The chemical synthesis of other metal phosphide NCs, such as II-V metal phosphide NCs (Cd3P2, Zn3P2) and transition metal phosphides NCs (Cu3P, FeP) is subsequently introduced. We finally discuss the potential applications of colloidal metal phosphide NCs in photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and lithium ion battery. An overview of several key applications based on colloidal metal phosphide NCs is provided at the end.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials, CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Liang A, Ding H, Gai H. Plasmonic resonance energy transfer from a Au nanosphere to quantum dots at a single particle level and its homogenous immunoassay. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11442-11445. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PRET from a AuNS to a QD is discovered at a single particle level, and then is used to develop ultra-sensitive homogenous immunoassays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yusu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Aiye Liang
- Department of Physical Sciences
- Charleston Southern University
- North Charleston
- USA
| | - Hongwei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Hongwei Gai
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Toufanian R, Piryatinski A, Mahler AH, Iyer R, Hollingsworth JA, Dennis AM. Bandgap Engineering of Indium Phosphide-Based Core/Shell Heterostructures Through Shell Composition and Thickness. Front Chem 2018; 6:567. [PMID: 30515380 PMCID: PMC6255924 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The large bulk bandgap (1.35 eV) and Bohr radius (~10 nm) of InP semiconductor nanocrystals provides bandgap tunability over a wide spectral range, providing superior color tuning compared to that of CdSe quantum dots. In this paper, the dependence of the bandgap, photoluminescence emission, and exciton radiative lifetime of core/shell quantum dot heterostructures has been investigated using colloidal InP core nanocrystals with multiple diameters (1.5, 2.5, and 3.7 nm). The shell thickness and composition dependence of the bandgap for type-I and type-II heterostructures was observed by coating the InP core with ZnS, ZnSe, CdS, or CdSe through one to ten iterations of a successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR)-based shell deposition. The empirical results are compared to bandgap energy predictions made with effective mass modeling. Photoluminescence emission colors have been successfully tuned throughout the visible and into the near infrared (NIR) wavelength ranges for type-I and type-II heterostructures, respectively. Based on sizing data from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it is observed that at the same particle diameter, average radiative lifetimes can differ as much as 20-fold across different shell compositions due to the relative positions of valence and conduction bands. In this direct comparison of InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InP/CdS, and InP/CdSe core/shell heterostructures, we clearly delineate the impact of core size, shell composition, and shell thickness on the resulting optical properties. Specifically, Zn-based shells yield type-I structures that are color tuned through core size, while the Cd-based shells yield type-II particles that emit in the NIR regardless of the starting core size if several layers of CdS(e) have been successfully deposited. Particles with thicker CdS(e) shells exhibit longer photoluminescence lifetimes, while little shell-thickness dependence is observed for the Zn-based shells. Taken together, these InP-based heterostructures demonstrate the extent to which we are able to precisely tailor the material properties of core/shell particles using core/shell dimensions and composition as variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Toufanian
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Andrew H Mahler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Allison M Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen Y, Ryou A, Friedfeld MR, Fryett T, Whitehead J, Cossairt BM, Majumdar A. Deterministic Positioning of Colloidal Quantum Dots on Silicon Nitride Nanobeam Cavities. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6404-6410. [PMID: 30251868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Engineering an array of precisely located cavity-coupled active media poses a major experimental challenge in the field of hybrid integrated photonics. We deterministically position solution-processed colloidal quantum dots (QDs) on high quality (Q)-factor silicon nitride nanobeam cavities and demonstrate light-matter coupling. By lithographically defining a window on top of an encapsulated cavity that is cladded in a polymer resist, and spin coating the QD solution, we can precisely control the placement of the QDs, which subsequently couple to the cavity. We show rudimentary control of the number of QDs coupled to the cavity by modifying the size of the window. Furthermore, we demonstrate Purcell enhancement and saturable photoluminescence in this QD-cavity platform. Finally, we deterministically position QDs on a photonic molecule and observe QD-coupled cavity supermodes. Our results pave the way for precisely controlling the number of QDs coupled to a cavity by engineering the window size, the QD dimension, and the solution chemistry and will allow advanced studies in cavity enhanced single photon emission, ultralow power nonlinear optics, and quantum many-body simulations with interacting photons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Chen
- Electrical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - Albert Ryou
- Electrical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - Max R Friedfeld
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - Taylor Fryett
- Electrical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - James Whitehead
- Electrical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - Brandi M Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| | - Arka Majumdar
- Electrical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
- Department of Physics , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98189 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Janke EM, Williams NE, She C, Zherebetskyy D, Hudson MH, Wang L, Gosztola DJ, Schaller RD, Lee B, Sun C, Engel GS, Talapin DV. Origin of Broad Emission Spectra in InP Quantum Dots: Contributions from Structural and Electronic Disorder. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15791-15803. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Janke
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nicholas E. Williams
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Chunxing She
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Danylo Zherebetskyy
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Margaret H. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - David J. Gosztola
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard D. Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gregory S. Engel
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Dmitri V. Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Brodu A, Ballottin MV, Buhot J, van Harten EJ, Dupont D, La Porta A, Prins PT, Tessier MD, Versteegh MAM, Zwiller V, Bals S, Hens Z, Rabouw FT, Christianen PCM, de Mello Donega C, Vanmaekelbergh D. Exciton Fine Structure and Lattice Dynamics in InP/ZnSe Core/Shell Quantum Dots. ACS PHOTONICS 2018; 5:3353-3362. [PMID: 30175158 PMCID: PMC6115013 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline InP quantum dots (QDs) hold promise for heavy-metal-free optoelectronic applications due to their bright and size-tunable emission in the visible range. Photochemical stability and high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield are obtained by a diversity of epitaxial shells around the InP core. To understand and optimize the emission line shapes, the exciton fine structure of InP core/shell QD systems needs be investigated. Here, we study the exciton fine structure of InP/ZnSe core/shell QDs with core diameters ranging from 2.9 to 3.6 nm (PL peak from 2.3 to 1.95 eV at 4 K). PL decay measurements as a function of temperature in the 10 mK to 300 K range show that the lowest exciton fine structure state is a dark state, from which radiative recombination is assisted by coupling to confined acoustic phonons with energies ranging from 4 to 7 meV, depending on the core diameter. Circularly polarized fluorescence line-narrowing (FLN) spectroscopy at 4 K under high magnetic fields (up to 30 T) demonstrates that radiative recombination from the dark F = ±2 state involves acoustic and optical phonons, from both the InP core and the ZnSe shell. Our data indicate that the highest intensity FLN peak is an acoustic phonon replica rather than a zero-phonon line, implying that the energy separation observed between the F = ±1 state and the highest intensity peak in the FLN spectra (6 to 16 meV, depending on the InP core size) is larger than the splitting between the dark and bright fine structure exciton states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Brodu
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana V. Ballottin
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Buhot
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Elleke J. van Harten
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorian Dupont
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrea La Porta
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Research, EMAT, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - P. Tim Prins
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mickael D. Tessier
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijn A. M. Versteegh
- Department
of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Val Zwiller
- Department
of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH), 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Research, EMAT, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Freddy T. Rabouw
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C. M. Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory, HFML-EMFL, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Vanmaekelbergh
- Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Maes J, Balcaen L, Drijvers E, Zhao Q, De Roo J, Vantomme A, Vanhaecke F, Geiregat P, Hens Z. Light Absorption Coefficient of CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3093-3097. [PMID: 29790351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was combined with UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to determine the size, composition, and intrinsic absorption coefficient μi of 4 to 11 nm sized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs). The ICP-MS measurements demonstrate the nonstoichiometric nature of the NCs, with a systematic excess of lead for all samples studied. Rutherford backscattering measurements indicate that this enrichment in lead concurs with a relative increase in the bromide content. At high photon energies, μi is independent of the nanocrystal size. This allows the nanocrystal concentration in CsPbBr3 nanocolloids to be readily obtained by a combination of absorption spectroscopy and the CsPbBr3 sizing curve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorick Maes
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S3 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde , B9052 Gent , Belgium
| | - Lieve Balcaen
- Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S12 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Emile Drijvers
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S3 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde , B9052 Gent , Belgium
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200d - bus 2418 , BE-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Jonathan De Roo
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S3 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York 10027 , United States
| | - André Vantomme
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200d - bus 2418 , BE-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Atomic and Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S12 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S3 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde , B9052 Gent , Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN) , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281-S3 , B9000 Gent , Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics , Ghent University , Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde , B9052 Gent , Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cossairt BM, Stein JL, Holden WM, Seidler GT. 4‐1:
Invited Paper:
Role of Phosphorus Oxidation in Controlling the Luminescent Properties of Indium Phosphide Quantum Dots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sdtp.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandi M. Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Box 351700 Seattle WA 98195-1700
| | - Jennifer L. Stein
- Department of Chemistry University of Washington Box 351700 Seattle WA 98195-1700
| | - William M. Holden
- Department of Physics University of Washington Box 351560 Seattle WA 98195-1560
| | - Gerald T. Seidler
- Department of Physics University of Washington Box 351560 Seattle WA 98195-1560
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pazzagli S, Lombardi P, Martella D, Colautti M, Tiribilli B, Cataliotti FS, Toninelli C. Self-Assembled Nanocrystals of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Show Photostable Single-Photon Emission. ACS NANO 2018; 12:4295-4303. [PMID: 29630340 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Quantum technologies could largely benefit from the control of quantum emitters in sub-micrometric size crystals. These are naturally prone to integration in hybrid devices, including heterostructures and complex photonic devices. Currently available quantum emitters in nanocrystals suffer from spectral instability, preventing their use as single-photon sources for most quantum optics operations. In this work we report on the performances of single-photon emission from organic nanocrystals (average size of hundreds of nm), made of anthracene (Ac) and doped with dibenzoterrylene (DBT) molecules. The source has hours-long photostability with respect to frequency and intensity, both at room and at cryogenic temperature. When cooled to 3 K, the 00-zero phonon line shows linewidth values (50 MHz) close to the lifetime limit. Such optical properties in a nanocrystalline environment recommend the proposed organic nanocrystals as single-photon sources for integrated photonic quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Pazzagli
- Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia , Università di Firenze , Via Sansone 1 , I-50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- CNR-INO , Istituto Nazionale di Ottica , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- CNR-INO , Istituto Nazionale di Ottica , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- LENS and Università di Firenze , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
| | - Daniele Martella
- LENS and Università di Firenze , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
| | - Maja Colautti
- LENS and Università di Firenze , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
| | - Bruno Tiribilli
- CNR-ISC Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi , Via Madonna del Piano 10 , I-50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Cataliotti
- Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia , Università di Firenze , Via Sansone 1 , I-50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- CNR-INO , Istituto Nazionale di Ottica , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- LENS and Università di Firenze , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- QSTAR , Largo Fermi 2 , I-50125 Firenze , Italy
| | - Costanza Toninelli
- CNR-INO , Istituto Nazionale di Ottica , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- LENS and Università di Firenze , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto F.no, Firenze , Italy
- QSTAR , Largo Fermi 2 , I-50125 Firenze , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reid KR, McBride JR, Freymeyer NJ, Thal LB, Rosenthal SJ. Chemical Structure, Ensemble and Single-Particle Spectroscopy of Thick-Shell InP-ZnSe Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:709-716. [PMID: 29282985 PMCID: PMC6163126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Thick-shell (>5 nm) InP-ZnSe colloidal quantum dots (QDs) grown by a continuous-injection shell growth process are reported. The growth of a thick crystalline shell is attributed to the high temperature of the growth process and the relatively low lattice mismatch between the InP core and ZnSe shell. In addition to a narrow ensemble photoluminescence (PL) line-width (∼40 nm), ensemble and single-particle emission dynamics measurements indicate that blinking and Auger recombination are reduced in these heterostructures. More specifically, high single-dot ON-times (>95%) were obtained for the core-shell QDs, and measured ensemble biexciton lifetimes, τ2x ∼ 540 ps, represent a 7-fold increase compared to InP-ZnS QDs. Further, high-resolution energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) chemical maps directly show for the first time significant incorporation of indium into the shell of the InP-ZnSe QDs. Examination of the atomic structure of the thick-shell QDs by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) reveals structural defects in subpopulations of particles that may mitigate PL efficiencies (∼40% in ensemble), providing insight toward further synthetic refinement. These InP-ZnSe heterostructures represent progress toward fully cadmium-free QDs with superior photophysical properties important in biological labeling and other emission-based technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemar R. Reid
- Department of Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - James R. McBride
- Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- correspondence: ,
| | - Nathaniel J. Freymeyer
- Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Lucas B. Thal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department of Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- correspondence: ,
| |
Collapse
|