1
|
Liu SJ, Zhao Q, Liu XC, Gamble AB, Huang W, Yang QQ, Han B. Bioactive atropisomers: Unraveling design strategies and synthetic routes for drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1971-2014. [PMID: 38515232 DOI: 10.1002/med.22037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomerism, an expression of axial chirality caused by limited bond rotation, is a prominent aspect within the field of medicinal chemistry. It has been shown that atropisomers of a wide range of compounds, including established FDA-approved drugs and experimental molecules, display markedly different biological activities. The time-dependent reversal of chirality in atropisomers poses complexity and obstacles in the process of drug discovery and development. Nonetheless, recent progress in understanding atropisomerism and enhanced characterization methods have greatly assisted medicinal chemists in the effective development of atropisomeric drug molecules. This article provides a comprehensive review of their special design thoughts, synthetic routes, and biological activities, serving as a reference for the synthesis and biological evaluation of bioactive atropisomers in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Allan B Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schmidt TA, Hutskalova V, Sparr C. Atroposelective catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:497-517. [PMID: 38890539 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomeric compounds-stereoisomers that arise from the restricted rotation about a single bond-have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their immense potential for applications in a variety of fields, including medicinal chemistry, catalysis and molecular nanoscience. This increased interest led to the invention of new molecular motors, the incorporation of atropisomers into drug discovery programmes and a wide range of novel atroposelective reactions, including those that simultaneously control multiple stereogenic axes. A diverse set of synthetic methodologies, which can be grouped into desymmetrizations, (dynamic) kinetic resolutions, cross-coupling reactions and de novo ring formations, is available for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of various atropisomer classes. In this Review, we generalize the concepts for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of atropisomers within these categories with an emphasis on recent advancements and underdeveloped atropisomeric scaffolds beyond stereogenic C(sp2)-C(sp2) axes. We also discuss more complex systems with multiple stereogenic axes or higher-order stereogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanno A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parmar D, Kumar R, Sharma U. Chiral amino acids: evolution in atroposelective C-H activation. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5032-5051. [PMID: 38837336 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00739e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This review covers the journey of chiral amino acids as ligands in atroposelective C-H bond activation/functionalization via transition metal catalysis. Herein, we intend to demonstrate how these chiral amino acids have evolved and flourished in this stimulating field. Unprotected amino acids, mono-N-protected amino acids, and di-N-protected amino acids have been devised for atroposelective C-H activation. In each section, we have briefly discuss the key successes of amino acids in the atroposelective synthesis of biaryls, heterobiaryls, and non-biaryl atropisomers and their advantages in atroposelective C-H activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Parmar
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- C-H Activation & Phytochemistry Lab, Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu YJ, Chen JH, Teng MY, Li X, Jiang TY, Huang FR, Yao QJ, Shi BF. Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Annulation of Benzylamines with Alkynes: Application to the Modular and Asymmetric Syntheses of Bioactive Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24499-24505. [PMID: 38104268 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H functionalization strategy has revolutionized the logic of natural product synthesis. However, previous applications have heavily relied on the use of noble metal catalysts such as rhodium and palladium. Herein, we report the efficient synthesis of C1-chiral 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines (DHIQs) via enantioselective C-H/N-H annulation of picolinamides with alkynes catalyzed by a more sustainable and cheaper 3d metal catalyst, cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate. A wide range of enantiomerically enriched DHIQs were obtained in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98% yield and >99% ee). The robustness and synthetic potential of this method were demonstrated by the modular and asymmetric syntheses of several tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, including (S)-norlaudanosine, (S)-laudanosine, (S)-xylopinine, (S)-sebiferine, and (S)-cryptostyline II, and the asymmetric syntheses of key intermediates of (+)-solifenacin, FR115427, and (+)-NPS R-568.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Wu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jia-Hao Chen
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ming-Ya Teng
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tian-Yu Jiang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Fan-Rui Huang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sinha SK, Ghosh P, Jain S, Maiti S, Al-Thabati SA, Alshehri AA, Mokhtar M, Maiti D. Transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation as a means of synthesizing complex natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7461-7503. [PMID: 37811747 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the advent of C-H activation has led to a rethink among chemists about the synthetic strategies employed for multi-step transformations. Indeed, deploying innovative and masterful tricks against the numerous classical organic transformations has been the need of the hour. Despite this, the immense importance of C-H activation remains unfulfilled unless the methodology can be deployed for large-scale industrial processes and towards the concise, step-economic synthesis of prodigious natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Lately, the growing potential of C-H activation methodology has indeed driven the pioneers of synthetic organic chemists into finding more efficient methods to accelerate the synthesis of such complex molecular scaffolds. This review aims to draw a general overview of the various C-H activation procedures that have been adopted for synthesizing these vast majority of structurally complicated natural products. Our objective lies in drawing a complete picture and taking the readers through the synthesis of a series of such complex organic compounds by simplified techniques, making it step-economic on a larger scale and thus instigating the readers to trigger the use of such methodology and uncover new, unique patterns for future synthesis of such natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Pintu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shubhanshu Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Siddhartha Maiti
- School of Biosciences, Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh - 466114, India
| | - Shaeel A Al-Thabati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Ali Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arjun V, Jeganmohan M. Chiral Transient Ligand Enabled Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomers Decorated with Unactivated Olefins via a Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Olefination. Org Lett 2023; 25:7606-7611. [PMID: 37843003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral biaryls with unactivated olefins by a palladium-catalyzed C-H olefination using a chiral transient directing group strategy has been disclosed. This protocol is well compatible with a variety of biaryl-2-aldehydes as well as various olefins such as allyl sulfonamides and allyl sulfones to provide the atroposelective olefinated products in synthetically useful yields with excellent enantioselectivities up to >99% ee. In addition, a wide number of axially chiral biaryl alcohols were synthesized by the simple diversification of the products in excellent enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Arjun
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roos CB, Chiang CH, Murray LAM, Yang D, Schulert L, Narayan ARH. Stereodynamic Strategies to Induce and Enrich Chirality of Atropisomers at a Late Stage. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10641-10727. [PMID: 37639323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers, where chirality arises from restricted rotation around a single bond, are atropisomers. Due to the unique nature of the origins of their chirality, synthetic strategies to access these compounds in an enantioselective manner differ from those used to prepare enantioenriched compounds containing point chirality arising from an unsymmetrically substituted carbon center. In particular stereodynamic transformations, such as dynamic kinetic resolutions, thermodynamic dynamic resolutions, and deracemizations, which rely on the ability to racemize or interconvert enantiomers, are a promising set of transformations to prepare optically pure compounds in the late stage of a synthetic sequence. Translation of these synthetic approaches from compounds with point chirality to atropisomers requires an expanded toolbox for epimerization/racemization and provides an opportunity to develop a new conceptual framework for the enantioselective synthesis of these compounds.
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiong M, Chen F, Shu Y, Wu X, Tang J, Yang F, Xing D. Iridium(I)-Catalyzed Atroposelective Alkenylation of Heterobiaryls with Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2023; 25:5703-5708. [PMID: 37523590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report an iridium(I)-catalyzed atroposelective alkenylation of isoquinoline-derived heterobiaryls with terminal alkynes. In the presence of a cationic iridium(I) catalyst with (R)-SEGPHOS as the chiral ligand, this atom-economical alkenylation protocol allows the rapid construction of a series of axially chiral alkenylated heterobiaryls in moderate to good yields with good to high enantioselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maoqian Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yuhang Shu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mondal A, van Gemmeren M. Silver-Free C-H Activation: Strategic Approaches towards Realizing the Full Potential of C-H Activation in Sustainable Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210825. [PMID: 36062882 PMCID: PMC9828228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds is considered as one of the most attractive techniques in synthetic organic chemistry because it bears the potential to shorten synthetic routes as well as to produce complementary product scopes compared to traditional synthetic strategies. However, many current methods employ silver salts as additives, leading to stoichiometric metal waste and thereby preventing the full potential of C-H activation to be exploited. Therefore, the development of silver-free protocols has recently received increasing attention. Mechanistically, silver can serve various roles in C-H activation and thus, avoiding the use of silver requires different approaches based on the role it serves in a given process. In this Review, we present the comparison of silver-based and silver-free methods. Focusing on the strategic approaches to develop silver-free C-H activation, we provide the reader with the means to develop sustainable methods for C-H activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang J, Fan J, Guo Z, Wu Y, Wu J, Xie M. Palladium‐catalyzed Atroposelective Interannular C‐H Arylation of Biaryl Aldehydes with Aryl Iodides Enabled by a Transient Directing Group Strategy. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yehe Wu
- Anhui Normal University CHINA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu S, Phang YL, Xu H, Zheng C. Chirality transfer strategy in asymmetric total syntheses. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Yao W, Lu CJ, Feng J, Liu RR. Palladium/Amino Acid Co-catalyzed Atroposelective C-H Olefination to Access Tetra-Ortho-Substituted Atropisomers Featuring 2,2'-Difluoro-1-biaryl Scaffolds. Org Lett 2022; 24:6148-6153. [PMID: 35952380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great advancement in atroposelective synthesis in the past decades, the enantioselective synthesis of 2,2'-difluoro-1-biaryls is unprecedented. Herein, a palladium and chiral amino acid catalyzed atroposelective C-H olefination to construct the axially chiral 2,2'-difluoro-1-biaryls is reported. A variety of polyfluoro-substituted biaryls were forged under mild conditions in good yields with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The potential application was demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis and synthetic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chuan-Jun Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jia Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ren-Rong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu G, Brenner-Moyer SE. Design and synthesis of novel pyrrolidine-bipyridine structures. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2103433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang J, Fan J, Wu Y, Guo Z, Wu J, Xie M. Pd-Catalyzed Atroposelective C–H Acyloxylation Enabling Access to an Axially Chiral Biaryl Phenol Organocatalyst. Org Lett 2022; 24:5143-5148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yehe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Y, Liou YC, Chen X, Ackermann L. Thioether-enabled palladium-catalyzed atroposelective C-H olefination for N-C and C-C axial chirality. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4088-4094. [PMID: 35440980 PMCID: PMC8985512 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioethers allowed for highly atroposelective C-H olefinations by a palladium/chiral phosphoric acid catalytic system under ambient air. Both N-C and C-C axial chiral (hetero)biaryls were successfully constructed, leading to a broad range of axially chiral N-aryl indoles and biaryls with excellent enantioselectivities up to 99% ee. Experimental and computational studies were conducted to unravel the walking mode for the atroposelective C-H olefination. A plausible chiral induction model for the enantioselectivity-determining step was established by detailed DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Yan-Cheng Liou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Xinran Chen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117340. [PMID: 35100461 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral aldehydes have received increasing attention in enantioselective catalysis. However, only very few catalytic methods have been developed to construct structurally diverse axially chiral aldehydes. We herein describe an NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification of biaryl dialdehydes as a general and practical strategy for the construction of axially chiral aldehydes. Mechanistic studies indicate that coupling proceeds through a novel combination of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization of the dialdehydes and kinetic resolution. This protocol features excellent enantioselectivity, mild conditions, good functional-group tolerance, and applicability to late-stage functionalization and provides a modular platform for the synthesis of axially chiral aldehydes and their derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun 130117 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao W, Liu J, He X, Jiang H, Lu L, Xiao W. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Biaryldialdehydes to Construct Axially Chiral Aldehydes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Kumar R, Chandra D, Sharma U. Pd‐Catalyzed Atropselective C−H Olefination Promoted by a Transient Directing Group. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Devesh Chandra
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu J, Yu L, Zheng C, Zhao G. Asymmetric Synthesis of 2,2-Difluorotetrahydrofurans through Palladium-Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23641-23645. [PMID: 34494347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of 2,2-difluorinated tetrahydrofurans was accomplished via enantioselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition catalyzed by palladium. The asymmetric reaction between gem-difluoroalkenes and racemic vinyl epoxides or vinylethylene carbonates resulted in the formation of enantioenriched 2,2-difluorotetrahydrofurans with an enantioselectivity up to 98 %. Notably, the reaction used the readily available (R)-BINAP as the ligand at a low loading and yielded a wide variety of difluorinated products in moderate to high yields. Both chiral diastereomers could be obtained in a single sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Longhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yin XS, Qi WY, Shi BF. Synthesis of tryptophan-containing 2,5-diketopiperazines via sequential C-H activation: total syntheses of tryprostatin A, maremycins A and B. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13137-13143. [PMID: 34745544 PMCID: PMC8513992 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02343h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole 2,5-diketopiperazines (DKPs) are an important type of metabolic cyclic dipeptides containing a tryptophan (Trp) unit possessing a range of interesting biological activities. The intriguing structural features and divergent activities have stimulated tremendous efforts towards their efficient synthesis. Herein, we report the development of a unified strategy for the synthesis of three Trp-containing DKPs, namely tryprostatin A, and maremycins A and B, via a sequential C–H activation strategy. The key Trp skeletons were synthesized from the inexpensive, readily available alanine via a Pd(ii)-catalyzed β-methyl C(sp3)–H monoarylation. A subsequent C2-selective prenylation of the resulting 6-OMe-Trp by Pd/norbornene-promoted C–H activation led to the total synthesis of tryprostatin A in 12 linear steps from alanine with 25% overall yield. Meanwhile, total syntheses of maremycins A and B were successfully accomplished using a sequential Pd-catalyzed methylene C(sp3)–H methylation as the key step in 15 linear steps from alanine. Indole 2,5-diketopiperazines (DKPs) are an important type of metabolic cyclic dipeptides containing a tryptophan (Trp) unit possessing a range of interesting biological activities.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Song Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Wei-Yi Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jacob C, Maes BUW, Evano G. Transient Directing Groups in Metal-Organic Cooperative Catalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13899-13952. [PMID: 34286873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The direct functionalization of C-H bonds is among the most fundamental chemical transformations in organic synthesis. However, when the innate reactivity of the substrate cannot be utilized for the functionalization of a given single C-H bond, this selective C-H bond functionalization mostly relies on the use of directing groups that allow bringing the catalyst in close proximity to the C-H bond to be activated and these directing groups need to be installed before and cleaved after the transformation, which involves two additional undesired synthetic operations. These additional steps dramatically reduce the overall impact and the attractiveness of C-H bond functionalization techniques since classical approaches based on substrate pre-functionalization are sometimes still more straightforward and appealing. During the past decade, a different approach involving both the in situ installation and removal of the directing group, which can then often be used in a catalytic manner, has emerged: the transient directing group strategy. In addition to its innovative character, this strategy has brought C-H bond functionalization to an unprecedented level of usefulness and has enabled the development of remarkably efficient processes for the direct and selective introduction of functional groups onto both aromatic and aliphatic substrates. The processes unlocked by the development of these transient directing groups will be comprehensively overviewed in this review article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Jacob
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et Physico-Chimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu J, Yu L, Zheng C, Zhao G. Asymmetric Synthesis of 2,2‐Difluorotetrahydrofurans through Palladium‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| | - Longhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1200 Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu CX, Zhang WW, Yin SY, Gu Q, You SL. Synthesis of Atropisomers by Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric C-H Functionalization Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14025-14040. [PMID: 34432467 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H functionalization has become a powerful strategy for the formation of C-C or C-X bonds, enabling the highly asymmetric synthesis of a wide range of enantioenriched compounds. Atropisomers are widely found in natural products and pharmaceutically relevant molecules, and have also found applications as privileged frameworks for chiral ligands and catalysts. Thus, research into asymmetric routes for the synthesis of atropisomers has garnered great interest in recent years. In this regard, transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H functionalization has emerged as an atom-economic and efficient strategy toward their synthesis. In this Perspective, the approaches for the synthesis of atropisomers by transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric C-H functionalization reactions are summarized. The main focus here is on asymmetric catalysis via Pd, Rh, and Ir complexes, which have been the most frequently utilized catalysts among reported enantioselective C-H functionalization reactions. Finally, we discuss limitations on available protocols and give an outlook on possible future avenues of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Si-Yong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Transient directing ligands for selective metal-catalysed C–H activation. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:646-659. [PMID: 37118417 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation is a 'simple-to-complex' transformation that nature has perfected over millions of years of evolution. Transition-metal-catalysed C-H activation has emerged as an expeditious means to expand the chemical space by introducing diverse functionalities. Notably, among the strategies to selectively cleave a particular C-H bond, the catalytic use of a small molecule as co-catalyst to generate a transient directing group, which provides a balance between step economy and chemical productivity, has gained immense attention in recent years. This allows one to convert a desired C-H bond irrespective of its geometrical or stereochemical configuration. This Review describes the various transient directing groups used in C-H activation and explains their mechanistic significance.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lam NYS, Wu K, Yu JQ. Advancing the Logic of Chemical Synthesis: C-H Activation as Strategic and Tactical Disconnections for C-C Bond Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15767-15790. [PMID: 33073459 PMCID: PMC8177825 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The design of synthetic routes by retrosynthetic logic is decisively influenced by the transformations available. Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation has emerged as a powerful strategy for C-C bond formation, with myriad methods developed for diverse substrates and coupling partners. However, its uptake in total synthesis has been tepid, partially due to their apparent synthetic intractability, as well as a lack of comprehensive guidelines for implementation. This Review addresses these issues and offers a guide to identify retrosynthetic opportunities to generate C-C bonds by C-H activation processes. By comparing total syntheses accomplished using traditional approaches and recent C-H activation methods, this Review demonstrates how C-H activation enabled C-C bond construction has led to more efficient retrosynthetic strategies, as well as the execution of previously unattainable tactical maneuvers. Finally, shortcomings of existing processes are highlighted; this Review illustrates how some highlighted total syntheses can be further economized by adopting next-generation ligand-enabled approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Y S Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Luo J, Fu Q. Aldehyde‐Directed C(
sp
2
)−H Functionalization under Transition‐Metal Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Pharmacy Southwest Medical University Luzhou 610041 P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Li S, Ye L, Tan B. Recent Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Atropisomers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4805-4902. [PMID: 33775097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 129.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomerism is a stereochemical behavior portrayed by three-dimensional molecules that bear rotationally restricted σ bond. Akin to the well-represented point-chiral molecules, atropisomerically chiral compounds are finding increasing utilities in many disciplines where molecular asymmetry is influential. This provides steady demand on atroposelective synthesis, where numerous synthetic pursuits have been rewarded with conceptually novel and streamlined methods while expanding the structural diversity of atropisomers. This review summarizes key achievements in stereoselective preparation of biaryl, heterobiaryl, and nonbiaryl atropisomers documented between 2015 and 2020. Emphasis is placed on the synthetic strategies for each structural class, while examples are cited to illustrate the potential applications of the accessed atropochiral targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kee Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liu Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhattacharya T, Ghosh A, Maiti D. Hexafluoroisopropanol: the magical solvent for Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3857-3870. [PMID: 34163654 PMCID: PMC8179444 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06937j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Among numerous solvents available for chemical transformations, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (popularly known as HFIP) has attracted enough attention of the scientific community in recent years. Several unique features of HFIP compared to its non-fluoro analogue isopropanol have helped this solvent to make a difference in various subdomains of organic chemistry. One such area is transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization reactions. While, on one side, HFIP is emerging as a green and sustainable deep eutectic solvent (DES), on the other side, a major proportion of Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization is heavily relying on this solvent. In particular, for distal aromatic C-H functionalizations, the exceptional impact of HFIP to elevate the yield and selectivity has made this solvent irreplaceable. Recent research studies have also highlighted the H-bond-donating ability of HFIP to enhance the chiral induction in Pd-catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation. This perspective aims to portray different shades of HFIP as a magical solvent in Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lam NYS, Wu K, Yu J. Advancing the Logic of Chemical Synthesis: C−H Activation as Strategic and Tactical Disconnections for C−C Bond Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Y. S. Lam
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ali W, Prakash G, Maiti D. Recent development in transition metal-catalysed C-H olefination. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2735-2759. [PMID: 34164039 PMCID: PMC8179420 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed functionalizations of inert C-H bonds to construct C-C bonds represent an ideal route in the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. Fine tuning of directing groups, catalysts and ligands has played a crucial role in selective C-H bond (sp2 or sp3) activation. Recent developments in these areas have assured a high level of regioselectivity in C-H olefination reactions. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the oxidative olefination of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds with special emphasis on distal, atroposelective, non-directed sp2 and directed sp3 C-H olefination. The scope, limitation, and mechanism of various transition metal-catalysed olefination reactions have been described briefly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
A new approach was developed to achieve the asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-PD-116740, an angucyclinone from the actinomycete isolate (WP 4669). A sequence of asymmetric dihydroxylation followed by oxidative cyclization was applied to stereoselectively construct the core trans-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-9,10-diol B-C-D ring. A new Cu salt Cu(OH)OTf·NMI2 was found to be the best oxidant to induce the oxidative coupling and phenol oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang SQ, Qi WY, Yin XS, Shi BF. Formal total synthesis of (±)-7-deoxycylindrospermopsin and its 8- epi isomer. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00381j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A concise formal synthesis of (±)-7-deoxycylindrospermopsin in 14 steps was reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qing Wang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Wei-Yi Qi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xue-Song Yin
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Qi WY, Fang SL, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Asymmetric formal synthesis of (−)-tetrazomine. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric formal synthesis of (−)-tetrazomine, a structurally unique member of the tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Qi
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Sheng-Long Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- 310027 China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen
- China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute(Jiangmen)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang J, Xu Q, Fan J, Zhou L, Liu N, Zhu L, Wu J, Xie M. Pd(ii)-Catalyzed enantioconvergent twofold C–H annulation to access atropisomeric aldehydes: a platform for diversity-oriented-synthesis. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00183c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The first Pd(ii)-catalyzed atroposelective dual C–H annulative strategy for diverse synthesis of functionalized axially chiral biaryls was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Jian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Nannan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Achar TK, Maiti S, Jana S, Maiti D. Transition Metal Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp2)–H Bond Functionalization. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Kumar Achar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sadhan Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lapuh MI, Mazeh S, Besset T. Chiral Transient Directing Groups in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Bond Functionalization. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Lapuh
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sara Mazeh
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bag D, Verma PK, Sawant SD. Chiral Transient Directing Group Strategies in Asymmetric Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3225-3238. [PMID: 32822121 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel methodologies for catalytic enantioselective functionalization reactions enabled by chiral transient directing groups is accompanying in a paradigm shift in the field of asymmetric synthesis. In particular, these highly atom- and step-economic enantioinduction processes commonly proceed either via enantioselective C-H functionalization, or via enantioselective hydroarylation of the pro-chiral substrates generating point, axial or planar chirality. The use of the transient directing group strategy in C-H functionalizations precludes the stoichiometric installations and removal of directing groups and enables efficient, more compatible and economical chemical routes. This minireview highlights asymmetric transition-metal-catalyzed methodologies involving chiral transient directing groups together with the scope, utility and future perspective of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Bag
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Sanghapal D Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 180001, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yao QJ, Xie PP, Wu YJ, Feng YL, Teng MY, Hong X, Shi BF. Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomeric Anilides via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Asymmetric C-H Olefination. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18266-18276. [PMID: 33030903 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomeric anilides have received tremendous attention as a novel class of chiral compounds possessing restricted rotation around an N-aryl chiral axis. However, in sharp contrast to the well-studied synthesis of biaryl atropisomers, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral anilides remains a daunting challenge, largely due to the higher degree of rotational freedom compared to their biaryl counterparts. Here we describe a highly efficient catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomeric anilides via Pd(II)-catalyzed atroposelective C-H olefination using readily available L-pyroglutamic acid as a chiral ligand. A broad range of atropisomeric anilides were prepared in high yields (up to 99% yield) and excellent stereoinduction (up to >99% ee) under mild conditions. Experimental studies indicated that the atropostability of those anilide atropisomers toward racemization relies on both steric and electronic effects. Experimental and computational studies were conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanism and rate-determining step. DFT calculations revealed that the amino acid ligand distortion is responsible for the enantioselectivity in the C-H bond activation step. The potent applications of the anilide atropisomers as a new type of chiral ligand in Rh(III)-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition and Lewis base catalysts in enantioselective allylation of aldehydes have been demonstrated. This strategy could provide a straightforward route to access atropisomeric anilides, one of the most challenging types of axially chiral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pei-Pei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yong-Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ya-Lan Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ming-Ya Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liao G, Zhang T, Lin Z, Shi B. Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Functionalization via Chiral Transient Directing Group Strategies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Zhi‐Keng Lin
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Bing‐Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liao G, Zhang T, Lin ZK, Shi BF. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Functionalization via Chiral Transient Directing Group Strategies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19773-19786. [PMID: 32687690 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective functionalization of C-H bond, the most abundant functionality in organic molecules, has emerged as an expedient synthetic approach to streamline the synthesis of complex chiral molecules. Despite significant progress, traditional directing group-enabled strategies require additional steps for the installation and removal of directing groups from the target molecule. The recently developed asymmetric C-H functionalization using chiral transient directing groups (cTDGs) offers a promising alternative that can circumvent this obstacle and therefore simplify the process. In this Minireview, we briefly discuss the advent and recent advances of this emerging concept, with an emphasis on discussing the creation of various stereogenic centers and the developments of cTDGs. Applications in natural product synthesis and ligand derivatizations are also discussed. We hope this Minireview will highlight the great potential of this strategy and help to inspire further endeavors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Keng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dhawa U, Tian C, Wdowik T, Oliveira JCA, Hao J, Ackermann L. Enantioselective Pallada-Electrocatalyzed C-H Activation by Transient Directing Groups: Expedient Access to Helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13451-13457. [PMID: 32243685 PMCID: PMC7497116 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric pallada-electrocatalyzed C-H olefinations were achieved through the synergistic cooperation with transient directing groups. The electrochemical, atroposelective C-H activations were realized with high position-, diastereo-, and enantio-control under mild reaction conditions to obtain highly enantiomerically-enriched biaryls and fluorinated N-C axially chiral scaffolds. Our strategy provided expedient access to, among others, novel chiral BINOLs, dicarboxylic acids and helicenes of value to asymmetric catalysis. Mechanistic studies by experiments and computation provided key insights into the catalyst's mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Tomasz Wdowik
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Jiping Hao
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dhawa U, Tian C, Wdowik T, Oliveira JCA, Hao J, Ackermann L. Enantioselektive Pallada‐elektrokatalysierte C‐H‐Aktivierung durch transiente dirigierende Gruppen: Ein nützlicher Zugang zu Helicenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Cong Tian
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Tomasz Wdowik
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Jiping Hao
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu YJ, Yao QJ, Chen HM, Liao G, Shi BF. Palladium-catalyzed ortho-C-H silylation of biaryl aldehydes using a transient directing group. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
46
|
Xie T, Zheng C, Chen K, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Complex Polycyclic Xanthone FD‐594. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Chaoying Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Kuanwei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xie T, Zheng C, Chen K, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Complex Polycyclic Xanthone FD‐594. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4360-4364. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Chaoying Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Kuanwei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical, ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug DevelopmentEast China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fan J, Li L, Zhang J, Xie M. Expeditious synthesis of phenanthridines through a Pd/MnO2-mediated C–H arylation/oxidative annulation cascade from aldehydes, aryl iodides and amino acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2775-2778. [PMID: 32022095 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The expeditious access to phenanthridines through a Pd/MnO2-mediated arylation/oxidative annulation cascade from aldehydes, aryl iodides and amino acids is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen HM, Zhang S, Liao G, Yao QJ, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Pd-Catalyzed Atroposelective C–H Allylation and Alkenylation: Access to Enantioenriched Atropisomers Featuring Pentatomic Heteroaromatics. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ming Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
A scalable and unified strategy is described for the synthesis of (-)-quinocarcin, an important tetrahydroisoquinoline antitumor alkaloid. The strategy allows the practical formal synthesis of (-)-quinocarcin in 13 steps and 4.8% overall yield using N-phthaloyl-l-alanine as a chiral pool. It features the gram-scale and stereoselective synthesis of the tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety (AB ring) via Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H arylation and Pictet-Spengler condensation and a Cu(I)-catalyzed exo-selective [C + NC + CC] coupling reaction to generate the chiral pyrrolidine motif (D ring).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Long Fang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Meng-Xue Jiang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences , Wuyi University , Jiangmen 529020 , China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen) , Jiangmen 529040 , China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Yong-Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| |
Collapse
|