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Sun X, Jiang F. Periodate oxidation-mediated nanocelluloses: Preparation, functionalization, structural design, and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122305. [PMID: 38876711 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the remarkable progress in nanotechnology has ignited considerable interest in investigating nanocelluloses, an environmentally friendly and sustainable nanomaterial derived from cellulosic feedstocks. Current research primarily focuses on the preparation and applications of nanocelluloses. However, to enhance the efficiency of nanofibrillation, reduce energy consumption, and expand nanocellulose applications, chemical pre-treatments of cellulose fibers have attracted substantial interest and extensive exploration. Various chemical pre-treatment methods yield nanocelluloses with diverse functional groups. Among these methods, periodate oxidation has garnered significant attention recently, due to the formation of dialdehyde cellulose derived nanocellulose, which exhibits great promise for further modification with various functional groups. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive and in-depth examination of periodate oxidation-mediated nanocelluloses (PONCs), including their preparation, functionalization, hierarchical structural design, and applications. We believe that PONCs stand as highly promising candidates for the development of novel nano-cellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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2
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Chinnappa K, Bai CDG, Srinivasan PP. Nanocellulose-stabilized nanocomposites for effective Hg(II) removal and detection: a comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:30288-30322. [PMID: 38619767 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Mercury pollution, with India ranked as the world's second-largest emitter, poses a critical environmental and public health challenge and underscores the need for rigorous research and effective mitigation strategies. Nanocellulose is derived from cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer on earth, and stands out as an excellent choice for mercury ion remediation due to its remarkable adsorption capacity, which is attributed to its high specific surface area and abundant functional groups, enabling efficient Hg(II) ion removal from contaminated water sources. This review paper investigates the compelling potential of nanocellulose as a scavenging tool for Hg(II) ion contamination. The comprehensive examination encompasses the fundamental attributes of nanocellulose, its diverse fabrication techniques, and the innovative development methods of nanocellulose-based nanocomposites. The paper further delves into the mechanisms that underlie Hg removal using nanocellulose, as well as the integration of nanocellulose in Hg detection methodologies, and also acknowledges the substantial challenges that lie ahead. This review aims to pave the way for sustainable solutions in mitigating Hg contamination using nanocellulose-based nanocomposites to address the global context of this environmental concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Chinnappa
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Pandi Prabha Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur Taluk, Chennai, 602117, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Chamathka WWDR, Chai TT, Phuah ET, Wong JX, Chen SN, Yassoralipour A. Extraction and characterization of cellulose nanoparticles from palm kernel meal for potential application in active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129637. [PMID: 38262554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The research aimed to explore the potential of palm kernel meal (PKM) as a sustainable source of cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) for active food packaging. The CNPs were isolated using a combination of chemical techniques, such as alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. The characterization of the CNPs was analysed using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The findings revealed that chemical processing effectively removed lignin and hemicellulose from PKM. The SEM morphology confirmed the separation of the CNPs, resulting in the production of 40-100 nm spherical cellulose nanoparticles, while XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed their purity and composition. Moreover, the UV-visible spectroscopy exhibited high transmittance rates, indicating the potential of CNPs as reinforcing agents for polymer matrices. The significance of utilising PKM as a valuable fibre source for extracting CNPs can be recommended for developing active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsun-Thai Chai
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Eng Tong Phuah
- Food Science and Technology, School of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link, Mukim Gadong A BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Jun Xian Wong
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sook Ngoh Chen
- Department of Allied Health Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Ali Yassoralipour
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.
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4
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Ren Y, Ling Z, Huang C, Lai C, Yong Q. Layer-by-layer assembly induced strong, hydrophobic and anti-bacterial TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibrils films for highly efficient UV-shielding and oil-water separation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126486. [PMID: 37633559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Anti-ultraviolet material with cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and multifunction is urgently needed to address the serious problem of ultraviolet radiation. However, traditional anti-ultraviolet products based on plastics are unsustainable and harmful to the environment. Herein, the cellulose films with a sandwich structure using a surface assembly technique were reported. Natural L-phenylalanine was grafted onto cellulose nanofibrils via amidation to enhance their UV-shielding property. To address the hydrophilic nature and limited mechanical strength of cellulose films, we employed octadecyltrichlorosilane and 4ARM-PEG-NH2 for hydrophobic coating and mechanical reinforcement, respectively. In addition to providing complete UV resistance in the wavelength range of 200-320 nm, sample OPT5 exhibited significantly improved tensile stress, Young's modulus, and toughness, measuring 174.09 MPa, 71.11 MPa, and 295.33 MJ/m3, respectively. Furthermore, due to the presence of antibacterial amine groups, the modified film demonstrated a satisfactory inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Compared to natural cellulose films, the hydrophobically modified material achieved a contact angle of up to 121.1°, which enabled efficient separation of oil-water mixtures with a maximum separation efficiency of 93.87 %. In summary, the proposed TOCNF-based UV-shielding film with multifunctionality holds great potential for replacing petrochemical-derived plastics and serving as an applicable and sustainable membrane material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ren
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhe Ling
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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5
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Yana L, Zhiwei C, Yunuo Z, Jingxi W. Application of biodegradable colorimetric films based on purple tomatoes anthocyanins loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol in pork meat. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023:10820132231193616. [PMID: 37553978 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231193616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of biodegradable colorimetric films were prepared by using chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as matrix, in which, the weight ratio of chitosan: Polyvinyl alcohol was 100: 0, 80: 20, 50: 50, 20: 80, or 0: 100, with addition of 10% (w/w, relative to chitosan) anthocyanins extracted from purple tomatoes (purple tomatoes anthocyanin) as pigment. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of weight ratio (chitosan: Polyvinyl alcohol) on the mechanical properties, contact angle, swelling rate, pH sensitivity, antioxidant properties of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol/purple tomatoes anthocyanins films, and the antibacterial activity of films produced for pork packaging. In addition, the films as a smart colorimetric indicator for monitoring the freshness of pork was investigated. The results showed that as the ratio of chitosan to polyvinyl alcohol decreases, the elongation at break, hydrophilicity, and swelling rate of the films increased especially from 16.5% to 174.2% for elongation at break and 93.0° to 53.8° for water contact angle, however, the tensile strength decreased from 67.3 to 24.7 MPa. With decreasing of chitosan: Polyvinyl alcohol, the antibacterial activity on pork was decreased, and the antioxidant properties of films increased first then decreased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated there were interactions among chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, and purple tomatoes anthocyanins. The color response of films was depended on pH, as well as the immersion time. The longer immersion resulted in a more pronounced color change. The color changed from purplish red (pH 2-4) to green (pH 5-10) to yellow (pH 10-12). In monitoring the freshness of pork, the film showed a nice visual color change, indicating a potential application in smart packaging. These bio-based materials may be useful alternatives to synthetic plastics for food applications such as active and smart packaging, thereby improving the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the food supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yana
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhiwei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Yunuo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wu Jingxi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Liu Z, Zhu G, Dai J, Zhu Y, Lin N. Cellulose nanocrystals as sustainable additives in water-based cutting fluids. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Paladugu SRM, Sreekanth PSR, Sahu SK, Naresh K, Karthick SA, Venkateshwaran N, Ramoni M, Mensah RA, Das O, Shanmugam R. A Comprehensive Review of Self-Healing Polymer, Metal, and Ceramic Matrix Composites and Their Modeling Aspects for Aerospace Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8521. [PMID: 36500017 PMCID: PMC9740628 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Composites can be divided into three groups based on their matrix materials, namely polymer, metal and ceramic. Composite materials fail due to micro cracks. Repairing is complex and almost impossible if cracks appear on the surface and interior, which minimizes reliability and material life. In order to save the material from failure and prolong its lifetime without compromising mechanical properties, self-healing is one of the emerging and best techniques. The studies to address the advantages and challenges of self-healing properties of different matrix materials are very limited; however, this review addresses all three different groups of composites. Self-healing composites are fabricated to heal cracks, prevent any obstructed failure, and improve the lifetime of structures. They can self-diagnose their structure after being affected by external forces and repair damages and cracks to a certain degree. This review aims to provide information on the recent developments and prospects of self-healing composites and their applications in various fields such as aerospace, automobiles etc. Fabrication and characterization techniques as well as intrinsic and extrinsic self-healing techniques are discussed based on the latest achievements, including microcapsule embedment, fibers embedment, and vascular networks self-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT-AP University, Amaravati 522337, India
| | - K. Naresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - S. Arun Karthick
- Feynman Nano Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India
| | - N. Venkateshwaran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 600125, India
| | - Monsuru Ramoni
- School of Engineering, Math and Technology, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM 87313, USA
| | - Rhoda Afriyie Mensah
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden
| | - Oisik Das
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden
| | - Ragavanantham Shanmugam
- School of Engineering, Math and Technology, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM 87313, USA
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Zhang X, Guo H, Luo W, Chen G, Xiao N, Xiao G, Liu C. Development of functional hydroxyethyl cellulose-based composite films for food packaging applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:989893. [PMID: 36246371 PMCID: PMC9557200 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.989893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose-based functional composite films can be a good substitute for conventional plastic packaging to ensure food safety. In this study, the semi-transparent, mechanical strengthened, UV-shielding, antibacterial and biocompatible films were developed from hydroxyethyl cellulose Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) were respectively used as reinforcing agent and antibacterial agent, and chemical cross-linking among these three components were constructed using epichlorohydrin The maximum tensile strength and elongation at break were 95.9 ± 4.1 MPa and 148.8 ± 2.6%, respectively. TG-FTIR and XRD analyses indicated that chemical structure of the composite films could be well controlled by varying component proportion. From UV-Vis analysis, the optimum values of the percentage of blocking from UV-A and UV-B and ultraviolet protection factor values were 98.35%, 99.99% and 60.25, respectively. Additionally, the composite films exhibited good water vapor permeability, swelling behavior, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. In terms of these properties, the shelf life of grapes could be extended to 6 days after packing with the composite film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoqi Guo
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhan Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojian Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naiyu Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naiyu Xiao, ; Gengsheng Xiao, ; Chuanfu Liu,
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naiyu Xiao, ; Gengsheng Xiao, ; Chuanfu Liu,
| | - Chuanfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Naiyu Xiao, ; Gengsheng Xiao, ; Chuanfu Liu,
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9
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Ren W, Qiang T, Chen L. Recyclable and biodegradable pectin-based film with high mechanical strength. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Lu X, Que H, Gu X. Facile fabrication of lignin containing cellulose films using water as green solvent. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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High-Performance Polyurethane Nanocomposite Membranes Containing Cellulose Nanocrystals for Protein Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040831. [PMID: 35215745 PMCID: PMC8963013 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of exploring new materials and properties, we report the synthesis of a thermoplastic chain extended polyurethane membrane, with superior strength and toughness, obtained by incorporating two different concentrations of reactive cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) for potential use in kidney dialysis. Membrane nanocomposites were prepared by the phase inversion method and their structure and properties were determined. These materials were prepared from a polyurethane (PU) yielded from poly(1,4 butylene adipate) as a soft segment diol, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) as isocyanate and chain extender, respectively (hard segment), filled with 1 or 2% w/w CNC. Membrane preparation was made by the phase inversion method using N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent and water as nonsolvent, and subjected to dead-end microfiltration. Membranes were evaluated by their pure water flux, water content, hydraulic resistance and protein rejection. Polymers and nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electronic and optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, strain stress testing and 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance. The most remarkable effects observed by the addition of CNCs are (i) a substantial increment in Young’s modulus to twenty-two times compared with the neat PU and (ii) a marked increase in pure water flux up to sixty times, for sample containing 1% (w/w) of CNC. We found that nanofiller has a strong affinity to soft segment diol, which crystallizes in the presence of CNCs, developing both superior mechanical and pure water flow properties, compared to neat PU. The presence of nanofiller also modifies PU intermolecular interactions and consequently the nature of membrane pores.
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12
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Kumar A, Sood A, Han SS. Poly (vinyl alcohol)-alginate as potential matrix for various applications: A focused review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118881. [PMID: 34893284 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in polymers have made significant contribution in diverse application oriented fields. Multidisciplinary applicability of polymers generates a range of strategies, which is pertinent in a wide range of fields. Blends of natural and synthetic polymers have spawned a different class of materials with synergistic effects. Specifically, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and alginate (AG) blends (PVAG) have demonstrated some promising results in almost every segment, ranging from biomedical to industrial sector. Combination of PVAG with other materials, immobilization with specific moieties and physical and chemical crosslinking could result in amendments in the structure and properties of the PVAG matrices. Here, we provide an overview of the recent developments in designing PVAG based matrix and complexes with their structural and functional properties. The article also provides a comprehensive outline on the applicability of PVAG matrix in wastewater treatment, biomedical, photocatalysis, food packaging, and fuel cells and sheds light on the challenges that need to be addressed. Finally, the review elaborates the future prospective of PVAG matrices in other unexplored fields like aircraft industry, nuclear science and space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ankur Sood
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Du W, Zhang Z, Yin C, Ge X, Shi L. Preparation of shape memory polyurethane/modified cellulose nanocrystals composites with balanced comprehensive performances. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weining Du
- Research Department of Fire Resistant Material Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management Chengdu China
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zejiang Zhang
- Research Department of Fire Resistant Material Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management Chengdu China
| | - Chaolu Yin
- Research Department of Fire Resistant Material Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management Chengdu China
| | - Xinguo Ge
- Research Department of Fire Resistant Material Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management Chengdu China
| | - Liangjie Shi
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
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14
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Moghadam MA, Mohammadi R, Sadeghi E, Mohammadifar MA, Nejatian M, Fallah M, Rouhi M. Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/gum tragacanth/cellulose nanocomposite film. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Alizadeh Moghadam
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Ehsan Sadeghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Mohammadifar
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Mohammad Nejatian
- Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Milad Rouhi
- Department of Food Science and Technology School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
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15
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Yang Y, Lu YT, Zeng K, Heinze T, Groth T, Zhang K. Recent Progress on Cellulose-Based Ionic Compounds for Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000717. [PMID: 32270900 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans play important roles in all major kingdoms of organisms, such as archea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on the Earth, plays a predominant role for mechanical stability in plants, and finds a plethora of applications by humans. Beyond traditional use, biomedical application of cellulose becomes feasible with advances of soluble cellulose derivatives with diverse functional moieties along the backbone and modified nanocellulose with versatile functional groups on the surface due to the native features of cellulose as both cellulose chains and supramolecular ordered domains as extractable nanocellulose. With the focus on ionic cellulose-based compounds involving both these groups primarily for biomedical applications, a brief introduction about glycoscience and especially native biologically active glycosaminoglycans with specific biomedical application areas on humans is given, which inspires further development of bioactive compounds from glycans. Then, both polymeric cellulose derivatives and nanocellulose-based compounds synthesized as versatile biomaterials for a large variety of biomedical applications, such as for wound dressings, controlled release, encapsulation of cells and enzymes, and tissue engineering, are separately described, regarding the diverse routes of synthesis and the established and suggested applications for these highly interesting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tung Lu
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Kui Zeng
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Centre of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldt Straße 10, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State University, Trubetskaya Street 8, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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16
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Bast L, Klockars KW, Greca LG, Rojas OJ, Tardy BL, Bruns N. Infiltration of Proteins in Cholesteric Cellulose Structures. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2067-2080. [PMID: 33899466 PMCID: PMC8154265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can spontaneously self-assemble into chiral nematic (cn) structures, similar to natural cholesteric organizations. The latter display highly dissipative fracture propagation mechanisms given their "brick" (particles) and "mortar" (soft matrix) architecture. Unfortunately, CNCs in liquid media have strong supramolecular interactions with most macromolecules, leading to aggregated suspensions. Herein, we describe a method to prepare nanocomposite materials from chiral nematic CNCs (cn-CNCs) with strongly interacting secondary components. Films of cn-CNCs were infiltrated at various loadings with strongly interacting silk proteins and bovine serum albumin. For comparison and to determine the molecular weight range of macromolecules that can infiltrate cn-CNC films, they were also infiltrated with a range of poly(ethylene glycol) polymers that do not interact strongly with CNCs. The extent and impact of infiltration were evaluated by studying the optical reflection properties of the resulting hybrid materials (UV-vis spectroscopy), while fracture dissipation mechanisms were observed via electron microscopy. We propose that infiltration of cn-CNCs enables the introduction of virtually any secondary phase for nanocomposite formation that is otherwise not possible using simple mixing or other conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia
K. Bast
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Konrad W. Klockars
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Luiz G. Greca
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Departments
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry, and Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Blaise L. Tardy
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Nico Bruns
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
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17
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Sirviö JA, Kantola AM, Komulainen S, Filonenko S. Aqueous Modification of Chitosan with Itaconic Acid to Produce Strong Oxygen Barrier Film. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2119-2128. [PMID: 33913322 PMCID: PMC8382240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the chemical modification of chitosan using itaconic acid as a natural-based unsaturated dicarboxylic acid was investigated. In an aqueous environment, the amine group of chitosan reacts with itaconic acid to produce a chitosan derivative with pyrrolidone-4-carboxylic acid group. On the basis of the elemental analysis, 15% of the amine groups of chitosan reacted, thus creating modified chitosan with amine and carboxylic acid functionalities. Due to the presence of amine and carboxylic acid groups, the surface charge properties of the chitosan were notably altered after itaconic acid modification. In an aqueous solution, the modified chitosan exhibited zwitterionic properties, being cationic at low pH and turning anionic when the pH was increased over 6.5, whereas the original chitosan remained cationic until pH 9. Furthermore, it was demostrated that the modified chitosan was suitable for the preparation of a self-standing film with similarly high transparency but notably higher mechanical strength and oxygen barrier properties compared to a film made from the original chitosan. In addition, the thermal stability of the modified chitosan film was higher than that of the original chitosan film, and the modified chitosan exhibited flame-retardant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Antti Sirviö
- Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu M Kantola
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Komulainen
- NMR Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Svitlana Filonenko
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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18
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Prusty K, Swain SK. Nano
ZrO
2
reinforced cellulose incorporated polyethylmethacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol composite films as semiconducting packaging materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Prusty
- Department of ChemistryVeer Surendra Sai University of Technology Sambalpur Odisha India
| | - Sarat K. Swain
- Department of ChemistryVeer Surendra Sai University of Technology Sambalpur Odisha India
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19
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Ghasemlou M, Daver F, Ivanova EP, Murdoch BJ, Adhikari B. Use of Synergistic Interactions to Fabricate Transparent and Mechanically Robust Nanohybrids Based on Starch, Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes, and Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47865-47878. [PMID: 33040521 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials based on petroleum-based resources have aroused widespread concern because of their environmental and healthcare footprints. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are at the cutting edge of current research because of their great promise in developing sustainable and high-performance materials. To establish a comprehensive understanding of the synergistic reinforcement effect of CNCs, we introduced a new method to fabricate all-green, transparent, and mechanically robust nanohybrid materials using CNCs in conjunction with gelatinized starch (GS) and polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs). The synergistic interaction between the CNC skeleton and the GS/PHU network enabled us to span exceptionally stiff nanohybrids that could withstand up to 8.5 MPa tensile strength. The tunable mechanical properties and enhanced thermal stability in these nanohybrids primarily arise from the presence of dense hydroxyl groups on the CNCs' surface, which offer a robust scaffold for fortified hydrogen bonds to form with GS/PHU domains. The multiple intramolecular hydrogen bonds synergistically served as highly stable associations and concurrently facilitated energy dissipation and transferred the stress across the interfacial region. The rational design of the molecular interactions presented in this work provided increased opportunities to build nanohybrids with outstanding mechanical performance. More broadly, the insights afforded by this study not only delivered a better understanding on the molecular-level interactions in the CNC/GS/PHU system but also enriched the potential for the commercial exploration of tunable cellulosic nanohybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Fugen Daver
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Billy J Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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20
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Abouzeid RE, Khiari R, Salama A, Diab M, Beneventi D, Dufresne A. In situ mineralization of nano-hydroxyapatite on bifunctional cellulose nanofiber/polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate hydrogel using 3D printing. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:538-547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Nypelö T, Berke B, Spirk S, Sirviö JA. Review: Periodate oxidation of wood polysaccharides-Modulation of hierarchies. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 252:117105. [PMID: 33183584 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Periodate oxidation of polysaccharides has transitioned from structural analysis into a modification method for engineered materials. This review summarizes the research on this topic. Fibers, fibrils, crystals, and molecules originating from forests that have been subjected to periodate oxidation can be crosslinked with other entities via the generated aldehyde functionality, that can also be oxidized or reduced to carboxyl or alcohol functionality or used as a starting point for further modification. Periodate-oxidized materials can be subjected to thermal transitions that differ from the native cellulose. Oxidation of polysaccharides originating from forests often features oxidation of structures rather than liberated molecules. This leads to changes in macro, micro, and supramolecular assemblies and consequently to alterations in physical properties. This review focuses on these aspects of the modulation of structural hierarchies due to periodate oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Nypelö
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Barbara Berke
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Spirk
- Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Juho Antti Sirviö
- Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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22
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Ogunsona EO, Mekonnen TH. Multilayer assemblies of cellulose nanocrystal - polyvinyl alcohol films featuring excellent physical integrity and multi-functional properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:56-67. [PMID: 32682116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A simplistic approach to cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) percolation at low concentrations with multifold increases in properties, through the development of multilayered film assemblies was employed. CNC networks combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) thin films were fabricated leading to multilayer assembly of randomly aligned CNC nanorod bundles, similar to those found in biological structures. Oxygen impermeable barrier property of the films was achieved. The optical clarity remained mostly pristine while exhibiting improved UV absorbance. These films can be applied towards shielding UV sensitive materials that require optical transparency. A 415 and 2300% increase in strength and modulus, respectively, were observed for multilayered film with 10 wt% CNC loading as compared to the baseline neat PVOH film. The multilayers and networks formed through strong hydrogen bonds and structural alignment of the CNCs make this strategy effective in achieving enhanced properties at low CNCs loadings, which can be applied to other polymer films with property limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O Ogunsona
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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23
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Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Lignin Nanoparticles on Mechanical, Antioxidant and Water Vapour Barrier Properties of Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked PVA Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061364. [PMID: 32560476 PMCID: PMC7361994 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, PVA nanocomposite films containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and different amounts of lignin nanoparticles (LNP), prepared via a facile solvent cast method, were crosslinked by adding glutaraldehyde (GD). The primary objective was to investigate the effects of crosslinker and bio-based nanofillers loading on thermal, mechanical, antioxidant and water barrier behaviour of PVA nanocomposite films for active food packaging. Thermogravimetric analysis showed improved thermal stability, due to the strong interactions between LNP, CNC and PVA in the presence of GD, while Wide-angle X-ray diffraction results confirmed a negative effect on crystallinity, due to enhanced crosslinking interactions between the nanofillers and PVA matrix. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of PVA-2CNC-1LNP increased from 26 for neat PVA to 35.4 MPa, without sacrificing the ductility, which could be explained by a sacrificial hydrogen bond reinforcing mechanism induced by spherical-like LNP. UV irradiation shielding effect was detected for LNP containing PVA films, also migrating ingredients from PVA nanocomposite films induced radical scavenging activity (RSA) in the produced films in presence of LNP. Furthermore, PVA-CNC-LNP films crosslinked by GD showed marked barrier ability to water vapour.
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24
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Kang S, Wang H, Xia L, Chen M, Li L, Cheng J, Li X, Jiang S. Colorimetric film based on polyvinyl alcohol/okra mucilage polysaccharide incorporated with rose anthocyanins for shrimp freshness monitoring. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Li B, Wu C, Zhang Y, Cao X, Luo Z. Microstructure and Thermal and Tensile Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposite Films Reinforced by Polyacrylamide Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals. J MACROMOL SCI B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2019.1710364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bengang Li
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chao Wu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yandan Zhang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xuzhi Cao
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
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26
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Liang L, Bhagia S, Li M, Huang C, Ragauskas AJ. Cross-Linked Nanocellulosic Materials and Their Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:78-87. [PMID: 31452315 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (NCs) have remarkable mechanical properties and contain abundant surface functional groups that can be modified or cross-linked with other materials. They have been widely used as an environment-friendly reinforcing agent in polymer composites. However, for applications that are carried out in humid environments or aqueous suspensions, hydrophilicity of NCs lower their mechanical integrity. Hence, cross-linking techniques have been investigated in recent years for preparing NC-based materials that are dimensionally stable under humid or aqueous environments and have better physicochemical properties. This Minireview examines the quickly growing field of cross-linked NC-based materials, which have many benefits including improved aqueous, structural, mechanical, and thermal stability. In addition, the potential application of cross-linked NC-based materials in adsorption of heavy metal is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Liang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Samarthya Bhagia
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- UTK-ORNL Joint Institute for Biological Science, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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27
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Using cellulose nanofibers to reinforce polysaccharide films: Blending vs layer-by-layer casting. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 227:115264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Kwak HW, Lee H, Park S, Lee ME, Jin HJ. Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 146:332-342. [PMID: 31899239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. To overcome these disadvantages, both physical reinforcement approaches and chemical cross-linking agents have been tested. However, little research has been done to make these two roles work at the same time. In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Kwak
- Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
| | - Hohyun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Subong Park
- Fisheries Engineering Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 216, Gijang-haeanro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 46083, South Korea
| | - Min Eui Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Joon Jin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
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29
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Mi X, Chang Y, Xu H, Yang Y. Valorization of keratin from food wastes via crosslinking using non-toxic oligosaccharide derivatives. Food Chem 2019; 300:125181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Han L, Wang W, Zhang R, Dong H, Liu J, Kong L, Hou H. Effects of Preparation Method on the Physicochemical Properties of Cationic Nanocellulose and Starch Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121702. [PMID: 31795244 PMCID: PMC6956194 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose (NC) has attracted attention in recent years for the advantages offered by its unique characteristics. In this study, the effects of the preparation method on the properties of starch films were investigated by preparing NC from cationic-modified microcrystalline cellulose (MD-MCC) using three methods: Acid hydrolysis (AH), high-pressure homogenization (HH), and high-intensity ultrasonication (US). When MD-MCC was used as the starting material, the yield of NC dramatically increased compared to the NC yield obtained from unmodified MCC and the increased zeta potential improved its suspension stability in water. The NC prepared by the different methods had a range of particle sizes and exhibited needle-like structures with high aspect ratios. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that trimethyl quaternary ammonium salt groups were introduced to the cellulose backbone during etherification. AH-NC had a much lower maximum decomposition temperature (Tmax) than HH-NC or US-NC. The starch/HH-NC film exhibited the best water vapor barrier properties because the HH-NC particles were well-dispersed in the starch matrix, as demonstrated by the surface morphology of the film. Our results suggest that cationic NC is a promising reinforcing agent for the development of starch-based biodegradable food-packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Wentao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Haizhou Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Lingrang Kong
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (H.H.)
| | - Hanxue Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.H.); (W.W.); (R.Z.); (H.D.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (H.H.)
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31
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Dai Z, Deng J, Yu Q, Helberg RML, Janakiram S, Ansaloni L, Deng L. Fabrication and Evaluation of Bio-Based Nanocomposite TFC Hollow Fiber Membranes for Enhanced CO 2 Capture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10874-10882. [PMID: 30794742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is a promising and sustainable biobased nanomaterial because of its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, natural abundance, and especially its high aspect ratio. Interest in applying nanocellulose as nanofillers in membrane fabrication has been growing rapidly in recent years. In the present work, nanocellulose crystals (CNCs) and nanocellulose fibers (CNFs) were incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare evenly dispersed nanocomposites. The resultant nanocomposite materials containing up to 80 wt % of nanocellulose were coated as defect-free, thin-film-composite selective layers onto hollow fiber membrane substrates via dip-coating for efficient CO2 capture. Thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and humid mixed gas permeation test were used to evaluate the nanocomposite materials and the membranes. The resultant PVA/CNC nanocomposite membranes exhibit both higher CO2 permeance and CO2/N2 selectivity compared to the PVA/CNF membranes and neat PVA membranes. The addition of CNCs showed more positive effects on the CO2 permeation compared to CNFs. Under optimized conditions, CO2 permeance of 672 GPU with a CO2/N2 selectivity of 43.6 was obtained with a PVA/CNC membrane. Excellent long-term stability of the membrane was also documented within a period of up to 1 year. The interface between the polymer phase and charged CNFs is believed to form fast gas transport channels at the humid state and thus enhances CO2 permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongde Dai
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Ragne M L Helberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Saravanan Janakiram
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
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32
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Bano S, Negi YS, Illathvalappil R, Kurungot S, Ramya K. Studies on nano composites of SPEEK/ethylene glycol/cellulose nanocrystals as promising proton exchange membranes. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Recent developments in nanocellulose-based biodegradable polymers, thermoplastic polymers, and porous nanocomposites. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tunable Physicochemical and Bactericidal Activity of Multicarboxylic-Acids-Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol Membrane for Food Packaging Applications. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jahan Z, Niazi MBK, Gregersen ØW. Mechanical, thermal and swelling properties of cellulose nanocrystals/PVA nanocomposites membranes. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Niazi MBK, Jahan Z, Berg SS, Gregersen ØW. Mechanical, thermal and swelling properties of phosphorylated nanocellulose fibrils/PVA nanocomposite membranes. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:258-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Yong C, Mei C, Guan M, Wu Q, Sun X, Xu B, Wang K. Interfacial modification mechanism of nanocellulose as a compatibilizer for immiscible binary poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Changtong Mei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Mingjie Guan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Qinglin Wu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803
| | - Xiuxuan Sun
- School of Renewable Natural Resources; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803
| | - Bing Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing Forestry University; Nanjing Jiangsu 210037 China
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Tanpichai S, Oksman K. Crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films with cellulose nanocrystals: Mechanical and thermal properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Supachok Tanpichai
- Division of Materials Science; Luleå University of Technology; Luleå 97187 Sweden
- Learning Institute; King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi; Bangkok 10140 Thailand
- Nanotec-KMUTT Center of Excellence on Hybrid Nanomaterials for Alternative Energy; King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi; Bangkok 10140 Thailand
| | - Kristiina Oksman
- Division of Materials Science; Luleå University of Technology; Luleå 97187 Sweden
- Fibre and Particle Engineering; University of Oulu; Oulu FI-91400 Finland
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39
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Preparation of green and gelatin-free nanocrystalline cellulose capsules. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:358-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Pingan H, Mengjun J, Yanyan Z, Ling H. A silica/PVA adhesive hybrid material with high transparency, thermostability and mechanical strength. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25579e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silica/PVA hybrids containing over 50 wt% silica were prepared, exhibiting high transmittance, Young's modulus, thermostability, adhesive strength and hygrothermal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Pingan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Jia Mengjun
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Zuo Yanyan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - He Ling
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
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41
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Cationic surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals: Toward tailoring dispersion and interface in carboxymethyl cellulose films. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Lee WJ, Clancy AJ, Kontturi E, Bismarck A, Shaffer MSP. Strong and Stiff: High-Performance Cellulose Nanocrystal/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Composite Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:31500-31504. [PMID: 27933978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of rodlike cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) suggest great potential as bioderived reinforcement in (nano)composites. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) is a useful industrial material and very compatible with CNC chemistry. High performance CNC/PVOH composite fibers were produced coaxial coagulation spinning, followed by hot-drawing. We showed that CNCs increase the alignment and crystallinity of PVOH, as well as providing direct reinforcement, leading to enhanced fiber strength and stiffness. At 40 wt % CNC loading, the strength and stiffness reached 880 MPa and 29.9 GPa, exceeding the properties of most other nanocellulose based composite fibers previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16300, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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43
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Liu Y, Li L, Pan N, Wang Y, Ren X, Xie Z, Buschle-Diller G, Huang TS. Antibacterial cellulose acetate films incorporated withN-halamine-modified nano-crystalline cellulose particles. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Nengyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802 USA
| | | | - Tung-Shi Huang
- Department of Poultry Science; Auburn University; Auburn AL 36849 USA
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44
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Šutka A, Antsov M, Järvekülg M, Visnapuu M, Heinmaa I, Mäeorg U, Vlassov S, Šutka A. Mechanical properties of individual fiber segments of electrospun lignocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol). J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Šutka
- Institute of Design Technology, Riga Technical University; Kipsalas 6 Riga LV-1048 Latvia
- Laboratory of Biomass Eco-Efficient Conversion; Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry; Dzerbenes 27 Riga LV-1006 Latvia
| | - Mikk Antsov
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Ravila 14c Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Martin Järvekülg
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Ravila 14c Tartu 50411 Estonia
- Biomaterials Research Laboratory; Riga Technical University; Paula Valdena 3/7 Riga LV-1048 Latvia
| | - Meeri Visnapuu
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Ravila 14c Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Ivo Heinmaa
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics; Akadeemia Tee 23 Tallinn 12618 Estonia
| | - Uno Mäeorg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu; Ravila 14a Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Sergei Vlassov
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Ravila 14c Tartu 50411 Estonia
| | - Andris Šutka
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu; Ravila 14c Tartu 50411 Estonia
- Institute of Silicate Materials, Riga Technical University; Azenes 14/24 Riga LV-1048 Latvia
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45
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Sirviö JA, Visanko M, Liimatainen H. Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents As Hydrolytic Media for Cellulose Nanocrystal Production. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3025-32. [PMID: 27478001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new method to fabricate cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) based on DES pretreatment of wood cellulose fibers with choline chloride and organic acids are reported. Oxalic acid (anhydrous and dihydrate), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, and levulinic acid were studied as acid components of DESs. DESs were formed at elevated temperatures (60-100 °C) by combining choline chloride with organic acids and were then used to hydrolyze less ordered amorphous regions of cellulose. All the DES treatments resulted in degradation of wood fibers into microsized fibers and after mechanically disintegrating, CNCs were successfully obtained from choline chloride/oxalic acid dihydrate-treated fibers, whereas no liberation of CNCs was observed with other DESs. The DES-produced CNCs had a width and length of 9-17 and 310-410 nm, respectively. The crystallinity indexes (CrIs) and carboxylic acid content of the CNCs were 66-71% and 0.20-0.28 mmol/g, respectively. CNCs exhibited good thermal stabilities (the onset thermal degradation temperatures ranged from 275-293 °C). The demonstrated acidic DES method exhibits certain advantages over previously reported CNC productions, namely, milder processing conditions and easily obtainable and relatively inexpensive biodegradable solvents with low toxicity (compared, e.g., to ILs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Antti Sirviö
- Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu , P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Miikka Visanko
- Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu , P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Henrikki Liimatainen
- Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu , P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
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