1
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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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2
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Subramaniam S, Joyce P, Ogunniyi AD, Dube A, Sampson SL, Lehr CM, Prestidge CA. Minimum Information for Conducting and Reporting In Vitro Intracellular Infection Assays. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:337-349. [PMID: 38295053 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens are constantly evolving to outsmart the host immune system and antibiotics developed to eradicate them. One key strategy involves the ability of bacteria to survive and replicate within host cells, thereby causing intracellular infections. To address this unmet clinical need, researchers are adopting new approaches, such as the development of novel molecules that can penetrate host cells, thus exerting their antimicrobial activity intracellularly, or repurposing existing antibiotics using nanocarriers (i.e., nanoantibiotics) for site-specific delivery. However, inconsistency in information reported across published studies makes it challenging for scientific comparison and judgment of experiments for future direction by researchers. Together with the lack of reproducibility of experiments, these inconsistencies limit the translation of experimental results beyond pre-clinical evaluation. Minimum information guidelines have been instrumental in addressing such challenges in other fields of biomedical research. Guidelines and recommendations provided herein have been designed for researchers as essential parameters to be disclosed when publishing their methodology and results, divided into four main categories: (i) experimental design, (ii) establishing an in vitro model, (iii) assessment of efficacy of novel therapeutics, and (iv) statistical assessment. These guidelines have been designed with the intention to improve the reproducibility and rigor of future studies while enabling quantitative comparisons of published studies, ultimately facilitating translation of emerging antimicrobial technologies into clinically viable therapies that safely and effectively treat intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhni Subramaniam
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Paul Joyce
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Abiodun D Ogunniyi
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Roseworthy Campus, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Admire Dube
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Samantha L Sampson
- South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus Building E 8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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3
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Cheng Q, Duan Y, Fan W, Li D, Zhu C, Ma T, Liu J, Yu M. Cellular uptake, intracellular behavior, and acute/sub-acute cytotoxicity of a PEG-modified quantum dot with promising in-vivo biomedical applications. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20028. [PMID: 37809902 PMCID: PMC10559774 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum Dots (QDs) modified with branched Polyethylene Glycol-amine (6- or 8-arm PEG-amine) coupled with methoxy PEG (mPEG) hold great promise for in vivo biomedical applications due to a long half-life in blood and negligible toxicity. However, the potential risks regarding their concomitant prolonged co-incubation with cardiovascular and blood cells remains inconclusive. In the present study, the feasible, effective and convenient proliferating-restricted cell line models representing the circulatory system were established to investigate the cellular internalization followed by intracellular outcomes and resulting acute/sub-acute cytotoxicity of the 6-arm PEG-amine/mPEG QDs. We found a dose-, time- and cell type-dependent cellular uptake of the 6-arm PEG-amine/mPEG QDs, which was ten-fold lower compared to the traditional linear PEG-modified counterpart. The QDs entered cells via multiple endocytic pathways and were mostly preserved in Golgi apparatus for at least one week instead of degradation in lysosomes, resulting in a minimal acute cytotoxicity, which is much lower than other types of PEG-modified QDs previously reported. However, a sub-acute cytotoxicity of QDs were observed several days post exposure using the concentrations eliciting no-significant acute cytotoxic effects, which was associated with elevated ROS generation caused by QDs remained inside cells. Finally, a non-cytotoxic concentration of the QDs was identified at the sub-acute cytotoxic level. Our study provided important information for clinical translation of branched PEG-amine/mPEG QDs by elucidating the QDs-cell interactions and toxicity mechanism using the proliferation-restricted cell models representing circulatory system. What's more, we emphasized the indispensability of sub-acute cytotoxic effects in the whole biosafety evaluation process of nanomaterials like QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Andrology/Sichuan Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cuiwen Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingxia Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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4
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Wang X, Wu T. An update on the biological effects of quantum dots: From environmental fate to risk assessment based on multiple biological models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163166. [PMID: 37011691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are zero-dimension nanomaterials with excellent physical and chemical properties, which have been widely used in environmental science and biomedicine. Therefore, QDs are potential to cause toxicity to the environment and enter organisms through migration and bioenrichment effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis on the adverse effects of QDs in different organisms based on recently available data. Following PRISMA guidelines, this study searched PubMed database according to the pre-set keywords, and included 206 studies according to the inclusion and elimination criteria. CiteSpace software was firstly used to analyze the keywords of included literatures, search for breaking points of former studies, and summarize the classification, characterization and dosage of QDs. The environment fate of QDs in the ecosystems were then analyzed, followed with comprehensively summarized toxicity outcomes at individual, system, cell, subcellular and molecular levels. After migration and degradation in the environment, aquatic plants, bacteria, fungi as well as invertebrates and vertebrates have been found to be suffered from toxic effects caused by QDs. Aside from systemic effects, toxicity of intrinsic QDs targeting to specific organs, including respiratory system, cardiovascular system, hepatorenal system, nervous system and immune system were confirmed in multiple animal models. Moreover, QDs could be taken up by cells and disturb the organelles, which resulted in cellular inflammation and cell death, including autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Recently, several innovative technologies, like organoids have been applied in the risk assessment of QDs to promote the surgical interventions of preventing QDs' toxicity. This review not only aimed at updating the research progress on the biological effects of QDs from environmental fate to risk assessment, but also overcame the limitations of available reviews on basic toxicity of nanomaterials by interdisciplinarity and provided new insights for better applications of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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5
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Boinapalli Y, Shankar Pandey R, Singh Chauhan A, Sudheesh MS. Physiological relevance of in-vitro cell-nanoparticle interaction studies as a predictive tool in cancer nanomedicine research. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122579. [PMID: 36603671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell uptake study is a routine experiment used as a surrogate to predict in vivo response in cancer nanomedicine research. Cell culture conditions should be designed in such a way that it emulates 'real' physiological conditions and avoid artefacts. It is critical to dissect the steps involved in cellular uptake to understand the physical, chemical, and biological factors responsible for particle internalization. The two-dimensional model (2D) of cell culture is overly simplistic to mimic the complexity of cancer tissues that exist in vivo. It cannot simulate the critical tissue-specific properties like cell-cell interaction and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction and its influences on the temporal and spatial distribution of nanoparticles (NPs). The three dimensional model organization of heterogenous cancer and normal cells with the ECM acts as a formidable barrier to NP penetration and cellular uptake. The three dimensional cell culture (3D) technology is a breakthrough in this direction that can mimic the barrier properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we discuss the physiological factors that should be considered to bridge the translational gap between in and vitro cell culture studies and in-vivo studies in cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Boinapalli
- Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Pandey
- SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India
| | - Abhay Singh Chauhan
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
| | - M S Sudheesh
- Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Health Science Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi 682041, India.
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6
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Redrado M, Fernández‐Moreira V. The Role of Metallodrugs in Cellular Senescence. Eur J Inorg Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Redrado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Vanesa Fernández‐Moreira
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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7
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Perrigue PM, Henschke A, Grześkowiak BF, Przysiecka Ł, Jaskot K, Mielcarek A, Coy E, Moya SE. Cellular uptake and retention studies of silica nanoparticles utilizing senescent fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:475. [PMID: 36627308 PMCID: PMC9832065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26979-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between nanoparticles (NPs) and cells is essential to designing more efficient nanomedicines. Previous research has shown the role of the cell cycle having impact on the efficiency of cellular uptake and accumulation of NPs. However, there is a limited investigation into the biological fate of NPs in cells that are permanently withdrawn from the cell cycle. Here we utilize senescent WI-38 fibroblasts, which do not divide and provide a definitive model for tracking the biological fate of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) independent of cell cycle. We use several methods to measure the cellular uptake kinetics and intracellular retention of SiNPs, including confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We demonstrate that SiNPs readily enter into senescent cells. Once internalized, SiNPs do not exit and accumulate in the cytoplasm for long term. Our study provides a basis for future development of NP-based tools that can detect and target senescent cells for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Perrigue
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Henschke
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz F. Grześkowiak
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łucja Przysiecka
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kaja Jaskot
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Angelika Mielcarek
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Sergio E. Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
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8
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Chintapula U, Chikate T, Sahoo D, Kieu A, Guerrero Rodriguez ID, Nguyen KT, Trott D. Immunomodulation in age-related disorders and nanotechnology interventions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1840. [PMID: 35950266 PMCID: PMC9840662 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the aging population has increased exponentially around the globe bringing more challenges to improve quality of life in those populations while reducing the economic burden on healthcare systems. Aging is associated with changes in the immune system culminating in detrimental effects such as immune dysfunction, immunosenescence, and chronic inflammation. Age-related decline of immune functions is associated with various pathologies including cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and infectious diseases to name a few. Conventional treatment addresses the onset of age-related diseases by early detection of risk factors, administration of vaccines as preventive care, immunomodulatory treatment, and other dietary supplements. However, these approaches often come with systemic side-effects, low bioavailability of therapeutic agents, and poor outcomes seen in the elderly. Recent innovations in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel biomaterials/nanomaterials, which explore targeted drug delivery and immunomodulatory interactions in vivo. Current nanotechnology-based immunomodulatory approaches that have the potential to be used as therapeutic interventions for some prominent age-related diseases are discussed here. Finally, we explore challenges and future aspects of nanotechnology in the treatments of age-related disorders to improve quality of life in the elderly. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tanmayee Chikate
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Deepsundar Sahoo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Amie Kieu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | | | - Kytai T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- Joint Bioengineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Trott
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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9
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Waheed S, Li Z, Zhang F, Chiarini A, Armato U, Wu J. Engineering nano-drug biointerface to overcome biological barriers toward precision drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:395. [PMID: 36045386 PMCID: PMC9428887 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid advancement of nanomedicine and nanoparticle (NP) materials presents novel solutions potentially capable of revolutionizing health care by improving efficacy, bioavailability, drug targeting, and safety. NPs are intriguing when considering medical applications because of their essential and unique qualities, including a significantly higher surface to mass ratio, quantum properties, and the potential to adsorb and transport drugs and other compounds. However, NPs must overcome or navigate several biological barriers of the human body to successfully deliver drugs at precise locations. Engineering the drug carrier biointerface can help overcome the main biological barriers and optimize the drug delivery in a more personalized manner. This review discusses the significant heterogeneous biological delivery barriers and how biointerface engineering can promote drug carriers to prevail over hurdles and navigate in a more personalized manner, thus ushering in the era of Precision Medicine. We also summarize the nanomedicines' current advantages and disadvantages in drug administration, from natural/synthetic sources to clinical applications. Additionally, we explore the innovative NP designs used in both non-personalized and customized applications as well as how they can attain a precise therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saquib Waheed
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Fangyingnan Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Anna Chiarini
- Human Histology & Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics & Gynaecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134, Verona, Venetia, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Armato
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- Human Histology & Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics & Gynaecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134, Verona, Venetia, Italy
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
- Human Histology & Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics & Gynaecology, University of Verona Medical School, 37134, Verona, Venetia, Italy.
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10
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Taghipour YD, Zarebkohan A, Salehi R, Rahimi F, Torchilin VP, Hamblin MR, Seifalian A. An update on dual targeting strategy for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2022; 349:67-96. [PMID: 35779656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The key issue in the treatment of solid tumors is the lack of efficient strategies for the targeted delivery and accumulation of therapeutic cargoes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting approaches are designed for more efficient delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells while minimizing drug toxicity to normal cells and off-targeting effects, while maximizing the eradication of cancer cells. The highly complicated interrelationship between the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, and the physiological and pathological barriers that are required to cross, dictates the need for the success of targeting strategies. Dual targeting is an approach that uses both purely biological strategies and physicochemical responsive smart delivery strategies to increase the accumulation of nanoparticles within the TME and improve targeting efficiency towards cancer cells. In both approaches, either one single ligand is used for targeting a single receptor on different cells, or two different ligands for targeting two different receptors on the same or different cells. Smart delivery strategies are able to respond to triggers that are typical of specific disease sites, such as pH, certain specific enzymes, or redox conditions. These strategies are expected to lead to more precise targeting and better accumulation of nano-therapeutics. This review describes the classification and principles of dual targeting approaches and critically reviews the efficiency of dual targeting strategies, and the rationale behind the choice of ligands. We focus on new approaches for smart drug delivery in which synthetic and/or biological moieties are attached to nanoparticles by TME-specific responsive linkers and advanced camouflaged nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Davatgaran Taghipour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Rahimi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine and Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Lilakhunakon C, Suwanpateeb J, Patntirapong S. Inhibitory Effects of Alendronate on Adhesion and Viability of Preosteoblast Cells on Titanium Discs. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:502-508. [PMID: 34100275 PMCID: PMC8382445 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of alendronate (ALN; a bisphosphonate) on adhesion and viability of preosteoblasts using different cell passages on sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) Ti surfaces.
Materials and Methods
Preosteoblast, MC3T3, cells (passage 42; P42 and passage 62; P62) were cultured with ALN (1 and 5 µM) on cell culture plate for 7 days. Cells were lifted, counted, and seeded on SLA Ti surfaces. Cells were incubated on the discs for 6 hours to examine cell adhesion by using confocal microscopy and for 24 hours to determine cell viability by using MTT assay.
Results
ALN interfered with cell adhesion on Ti surfaces by reducing the cell number in both cell passages. Nuclei of untreated cells showed oval shape, whereas some nuclei of ALN-treated cells demonstrated crescent and condensed appearance. ALN at 1 and 5 µM significantly decreased nuclear area and perimeter in P42, while ALN at 5 µM reduced nuclear area and perimeter in P62. After 24 hours, cells (P42) grown on Ti surfaces showed decreased cell viability when culturing with 5 µM ALN.
Conclusion
ALN reduced cell adhesion and viability of preosteoblasts on Ti surfaces. ALN treatment seemed to exert higher inhibitory effects on nuclear shape and size as well as cell viability in lower cell passage. This led to the reduction in cell to implant surface interaction after encountering bisphosphonate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charukrit Lilakhunakon
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Jintamai Suwanpateeb
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Somying Patntirapong
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Dental and Bone Substitute Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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12
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Kamali Shahri SM, Sharifi S, Mahmoudi M. Interdependency of influential parameters in therapeutic nanomedicine. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1379-1394. [PMID: 33887999 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1921732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Current challenges to successful clinical translation of therapeutic nanomedicine have discouraged many stakeholders, including patients. Significant effort has been devoted to uncovering the reasons behind the less-than-expected success, beyond failures or ineffectiveness, of therapeutic nanomedicine products (e.g. cancer nanomedicine). Until we understand and address the factors that limit the safety and efficacy of NPs, both individually and in combination, successful clinical development will lag.Areas covered:This review highlights the critical roles of interdependent factors affecting the safety and therapeutic efficacy of therapeutic NPs for drug delivery applications.Expert opinion:Deep analysis of the current nanomedical literature reveals ahistory of unanticipated complexity by awide range of stakeholders including researchers. In the manufacture of nanomedicines themselves, there have been persistent difficulties with reproducibility and batch-to-batch variation. The unanticipated complexity and interdependency of nano-bio parameters has delayed our recognition of important factors affecting the safety and therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicine products. These missteps have had many factors including our lack of understanding of the interdependency of various factors affecting the biological identity and fate of NPs and biased interpretation of data. All these issues could raise significant concern regarding the reproducibility- or even the validity- of past publications that in turn formed the basis of many clinical trials of therapeutic nanomedicines. Therefore, the individual and combined effects of previously overlooked factors on the safety and therapeutic efficacy of NPs need to be fully considered in nanomedicine reports and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Kamali Shahri
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shahriar Sharifi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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13
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Sun T, Kang Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ou L, Liu X, Lai R, Shao L. Nanomaterials and hepatic disease: toxicokinetics, disease types, intrinsic mechanisms, liver susceptibility, and influencing factors. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 33863340 PMCID: PMC8052793 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of nanomaterials (NMs) has raised concerns that exposure to them may introduce potential risks to the human body and environment. The liver is the main target organ for NMs. Hepatotoxic effects caused by NMs have been observed in recent studies but have not been linked to liver disease, and the intrinsic mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Additionally, NMs exhibit varied toxicokinetics and induce enhanced toxic effects in susceptible livers; however, thus far, this issue has not been thoroughly reviewed. This review provides an overview of the toxicokinetics of NMs. We highlight the possibility that NMs induce hepatic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cancer, and metabolic disorders, and explore the underlying intrinsic mechanisms. Additionally, NM toxicokinetics and the potential induced risks in the livers of susceptible individuals, including subjects with liver disease, obese individuals, aging individuals and individuals of both sexes, are summarized. To understand how NM type affect their toxicity, the influences of the physicochemical and morphological (PCM) properties of NMs on their toxicokinetics and toxicity are also explored. This review provides guidance for further toxicological studies on NMs and will be important for the further development of NMs for applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Lingling Ou
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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Dheyab MA, Khaniabadi PM, Aziz AA, Jameel MS, Mehrdel B, Oglat AA, Khaleel HA. Focused role of nanoparticles against COVID-19: Diagnosis and treatment. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102287. [PMID: 33836276 PMCID: PMC8022514 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) has witnessed a rapid and global proliferation since its early identification in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China. As of 27th May 2020, 2019-nCoV cases have risen to >5 million, with confirmed deaths of 350,000. However, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) diagnostic and treatment measures are yet to be fully unraveled, given the novelty of this particular coronavirus. Therefore, existing antiviral agents used for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) were repurposed for COVID-19, taking their biological features into consideration. This study provides a concise review of the current and emerging detection and supervision technologies for SARS-CoV-2, which is the viral etiology of COVID19, and their performance characteristics, with emphasis on the novel Nano-based diagnostic tests (protein corona sensor array and magnetic levitation) and treatment measures (treatment protocols based on nano-silver colloids) for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Dheyab
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Pegah Moradi Khaniabadi
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University. PO. Box: 35, 123, Al Khod, Muscat, Oman
| | - Azlan Abdul Aziz
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Mahmood S Jameel
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Baharak Mehrdel
- New Technologies Research Centre, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ammar A Oglat
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Hawraa Ali Khaleel
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia
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15
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Mazumdar S, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Exploration and insights into the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:903-924. [PMID: 33996406 PMCID: PMC8105776 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial or deleterious effects of nanomedicines emerge from their complex interactions with intracellular pathways and their subcellular fate. Moreover, the dynamic nature of plasma membrane accounts for the movement of these nanocarriers within the cell towards different organelles thereby not only influencing their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties but also bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of underlying parameters controlling nanocarrier endocytosis and intracellular fate is essential. In order to direct nanoparticles towards specific sub-cellular organelles the physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers can be manipulated. These include particle size, shape and surface charge/chemistry. Restricting the particle size of nanocarriers below 200 nm contributes to internalization via clathrin and caveolae mediated pathways. Similarly, a moderate negative surface potential confers endolysosomal escape and targeting towards mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. This review aims to provide an insight into these physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers fabricated using amphiphilic graft copolymers affecting cellular internalization. Fundamental principles understood from experimental studies have been extrapolated to draw a general conclusion for the designing of optimized nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and enhanced intracellular uptake via specific endocytic pathway.
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Key Words
- AR, aspect ratio
- Amphiphilic
- CCP, clathrin coated pits
- Cav-1, caveolin-1
- Copolymer
- Cy, cyanine
- DOX, doxorubicin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- HER-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- IL-2, interleukin
- Internalization
- Intracellular fate
- Nanoparticles
- RBITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- Rmax, minimum size threshold value
- Rmin, maximum size threshold value
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SR & LR, short rod and long rod
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- mPEG, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Mazumdar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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16
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Mushtaq A, Li L, A A, Grøndahl L. Chitosan Nanomedicine in Cancer Therapy: Targeted Delivery and Cellular Uptake. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100005. [PMID: 33738977 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has gained much attention for the management and treatment of cancers due to the distinctive physicochemical properties of the drug-loaded particles. Chitosan's cationic nature is attractive for the development of such particles for drug delivery, transfection, and controlled release. The particle properties can be improved by modification of the polymer or the particle themselves. The physicochemical properties of chitosan particles are analyzed in 126 recent studies, which allows to highlight their impact on passive and active targeted drug delivery, cellular uptake, and tumor growth inhibition (TGI). From 2012 to 2019, out of 40 in vivo studies, only 4 studies are found reporting a reduction in tumor size by using chitosan particles while all other studies reported tumor growth inhibition relative to controls. A total of 23 studies are analyzed for cellular uptake including 12 studies reporting cellular uptake mechanisms. Understanding and exploiting the processes involved in targeted delivery, endocytosis, and exocytosis by controlling the physicochemical properties of chitosan particles are important for the development of safe and efficient nanomedicine. It is concluded based on the recent literature available on chitosan particles that combination therapies can play a pivotal role in transformation of chitosan nanomedicine from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Mushtaq
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Anitha A
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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17
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Ji Y, Wang Y, Shen D, Kang Q, Chen L. Mucin corona delays intracellular trafficking and alleviates cytotoxicity of nanoplastic-benzopyrene combined contaminant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124306. [PMID: 33109409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics have recently become a worldwide concern as newly emerging airborne pollutants, which can associate with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and form combined contaminant nanoparticles (CCNPs). After being inhaled in the respiratory system, the CCNPs would first encounter the mucous gel layer being rich in mucin. Herein, polystyrene-benzopyrene (PS@Bap) NPs were prepared as CCNPs model and their interaction with mucin and the resultant biological responses were studied. It was observed that mucin corona stably attached to the CCNPs surface, which significantly altered the fate of the CCNPs in lung epithelial cells (A 549 cell line). The mucin corona would 1) stably adsorbed on PS@Bap at the early stages of endocytosis until degraded during the lysosomal transport and maturation process, 2) delay intracellular trafficking of PS@Bap and the progress of Bap detached from PS, 3) enhance uptake of PS@Bap but reduce the cytotoxicity elicited by PS@Bap, as indicated by cell viability, generation of reactive oxygen species, impairment on mitochondrial function, and further cell apoptosis. In addition, in vivo study also verified the enhanced effect of PS on the development of an acute lung inflammatory response induced by Bap. This study highlights the significance of incorporating the effects of mucin for precisely assessing the respiratory system toxicity of nanoplastics based CCNPs in atmospheric environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Ji
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dazhong Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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18
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Mahmoudi M. Emerging Biomolecular Testing to Assess the Risk of Mortality from COVID-19 Infection. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:476-482. [PMID: 32379456 PMCID: PMC7241738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19) has produced an unprecedented global pandemic. Though the death rate from COVID-19 infection is ∼2%, many infected people recover at home. Among patients for whom COVID-19 is deadly are those with pre-existing comorbidities. Therefore, identification of populations at highest risk of COVID-19 mortality could significantly improve the capacity of healthcare providers to take early action and minimize the possibility of overwhelming care centers, which in turn would save many lives. Although several approaches have been used/developed (or are being developed/suggested) to diagnose COVID-19 infection, no approach is available/proposed for fast diagnosis of COVID-19 infections likely to be fatal. The central aim of this short perspective is to suggest a few possible nanobased technologies (i.e., protein corona sensor array and magnetic levitation) that could discriminate COVID-19-infected people while still in the early stages of infection who are at high risk of death. Such discrimination technologies would not only be useful in protecting health care centers from becoming overwhelmed but would also provide a powerful tool to better control possible future pandemics with a less social and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahmoudi
- Precision Health Program and Department of Radiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United
States
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19
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Mitchell MJ, Billingsley MM, Haley RM, Wechsler ME, Peppas NA, Langer R. Engineering precision nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 20:101-124. [PMID: 33277608 PMCID: PMC7717100 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2739] [Impact Index Per Article: 684.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of nanoparticles has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. Nanoparticles have been developed to overcome the limitations of free therapeutics and navigate biological barriers — systemic, microenvironmental and cellular — that are heterogeneous across patient populations and diseases. Overcoming this patient heterogeneity has also been accomplished through precision therapeutics, in which personalized interventions have enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, nanoparticle development continues to focus on optimizing delivery platforms with a one-size-fits-all solution. As lipid-based, polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles are engineered in increasingly specified ways, they can begin to be optimized for drug delivery in a more personalized manner, entering the era of precision medicine. In this Review, we discuss advanced nanoparticle designs utilized in both non-personalized and precision applications that could be applied to improve precision therapies. We focus on advances in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous barriers to delivery, arguing that intelligent nanoparticle design can improve efficacy in general delivery applications while enabling tailored designs for precision applications, thereby ultimately improving patient outcome overall. Advances in nanoparticle design could make substantial contributions to personalized and non-personalized medicine. In this Review, Langer, Mitchell, Peppas and colleagues discuss advances in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous barriers to delivery, as well as the challenges in translating these design improvements into personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Rebecca M Haley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marissa E Wechsler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. .,Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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20
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Implications of Biomolecular Corona for Molecular Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 23:1-10. [PMID: 33095421 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01559-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanoparticle probes has opened up new possibilities for molecular imaging in the era of precision medicine. There are a wide range of nanoprobes that are being used for various modalities that have demonstrated promising potential in early detection, disease monitoring, and theranostics. However, the rate of successful clinical translation of the nanoprobes is very low and is affected by the lack of our understanding about nanoparticle interaction with biological fluids after systemic administration, thus representing an unmet clinical need. One of the poorly understood issues relates to the formation of biomolecular corona, a layer of biomolecules formed on the surface of nanoscale materials during their interactions with biological fluids. The biomolecular corona has several significant effects on the biodistribution of nanoprobes and their imaging ability by (i) reducing their targeting efficacy and (ii) affecting the intrinsic imaging properties (e.g., contrast capacity of magnetic nanoprobes). This review provides insights on the importance of considering biomolecular corona in the development of nanoprobes, which may enable their more efficient utilization for molecular imaging applications.
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21
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Mohamad Kamal NS, Safuan S, Shamsuddin S, Foroozandeh P. Aging of the cells: Insight into cellular senescence and detection Methods. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151108. [PMID: 32800277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular theory of aging states that human aging is the result of cellular aging, in which an increasing proportion of cells reach senescence. Senescence, from the Latin word senex, means "growing old," is an irreversible growth arrest which occurs in response to damaging stimuli, such as DNA damage, telomere shortening, telomere dysfunction and oncogenic stress leading to suppression of potentially dysfunctional, transformed, or aged cells. Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest, flattened and enlarged morphology, resistance to apoptosis, alteration in gene expression and chromatin structure, expression of senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and acquisition of senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this review paper, different types of cellular senescence including replicative senescence (RS) which occurs due to telomere shortening and stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) which occurs in response to different types of stress in cells, are discussed. Biomarkers of cellular senescence and senescent assays including BrdU incorporation assay, senescence associated- β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci assays to detect senescent cells are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Shaheera Mohamad Kamal
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Parisa Foroozandeh
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.
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22
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Sepand MR, Ranjbar S, Kempson IM, Akbariani M, Muganda WCA, Müller M, Ghahremani MH, Raoufi M. Targeting non-apoptotic cell death in cancer treatment by nanomaterials: Recent advances and future outlook. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102243. [PMID: 32623018 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many tumors develop resistance to most of the apoptosis-based cancer therapies. In this sense targeting non-apoptotic forms of cell death including necroptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis may have therapeutic benefits in apoptosis-defective cancer cells. Nanomaterials have shown great advantages in cancer treatment owing to their unique characteristics. Besides, the capability of nanomaterials to induce different forms of cell death has gained widespread attention in cancer treatment. Reports in this field reflect the therapeutic potential of necroptotic cell death induced by nanomaterials in cancer. Also, autophagic cell death induced by nanomaterials alone and as a part of chemo-, radio- and photothermal therapy holds great promise as anticancer therapeutic option. Besides, ferroptosis induction by iron-based nanomaterials in drug delivery, immunotherapy, hyperthermia and imaging systems shows promising results in malignancies. Hence, this review is devoted to the latest efforts and the challenges in this field of research and its clinical merits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheyda Ranjbar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ivan M Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Mostafa Akbariani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mareike Müller
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
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23
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Copeland C, Stabenfeldt SE. Leveraging the Dynamic Blood-Brain Barrier for Central Nervous System Nanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Applications. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 14:1-8. [PMID: 32432210 PMCID: PMC7236638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurological diseases and injuries have profound impact on a patient's lifespan and functional capabilities, but often lack effective intervention strategies to address the underlying neuropathology. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major hurdle in the effective delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Recent discoveries in BBB maintenance reveal a dynamic system where time of day, disease progression, and even biological variables all strongly influence its permeability and flux of molecules. Nanoparticles can be used to improve the efficacy of therapeutics by increasing circulation time, bioavailability, selectivity, and controlling the rate of payload release. Considering these recent findings, the next generation of pharmacological paradigms are evolving to leverage nanotechnology to turn therapeutic intervention to meet the needs of a specific patient (i.e. personalized medicine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Copeland
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Sarah E Stabenfeldt
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
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24
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Böhmert L, Voß L, Stock V, Braeuning A, Lampen A, Sieg H. Isolation methods for particle protein corona complexes from protein-rich matrices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:563-582. [PMID: 36133244 PMCID: PMC9417621 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00537d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nanoparticles become rapidly encased by a protein layer when they are in contact with biological fluids. This protein shell is called a corona. The composition of the corona has a strong influence on the surface properties of the nanoparticles. It can affect their cellular interactions, uptake and signaling properties. For this reason, protein coronae are investigated frequently as an important part of particle characterization. Main body of the abstract: The protein corona can be analyzed by different methods, which have their individual advantages and challenges. The separation techniques to isolate corona-bound particles from the surrounding matrices include centrifugation, magnetism and chromatographic methods. Different organic matrices, such as blood, blood serum, plasma or different complex protein mixtures, are used and the approaches vary in parameters such as time, concentration and temperature. Depending on the investigated particle type, the choice of separation method can be crucial for the subsequent results. In addition, it is important to include suitable controls to avoid misinterpretation and false-positive or false-negative results, thus allowing the achievement of a valuable protein corona analysis result. Conclusion: Protein corona studies are an important part of particle characterization in biological matrices. This review gives a comparative overview about separation techniques, experimental parameters and challenges which occur during the investigation of the protein coronae of different particle types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Böhmert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Linn Voß
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Valerie Stock
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Dept. Food Safety Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany +49 (30) 18412-25800
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