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Bashri M, Kumar S, Bhandari P, Stephen S, O'Connor MJ, Gaber S, Škorjanc T, Finšgar M, Luckachan GE, Belec B, Alhseinat E, Mukherjee PS, Shetty D. Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Framework Catalyst via Efficient Pd Recovery from Wastewater. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39166842 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Global consumption and discharge of palladium (Pd) have raised environmental concerns but also present an opportunity for the sustainable recovery and reuse of this precious metal. Adsorption has proven to be an efficient method for the selective recovery of Pd from industrial wastewater. This study investigated a hydrazone-linked covalent organic framework (Tfpa-Od COF) as a potential material for the high-affinity adsorption of Pd2+ ions from wastewater, achieving a Kd value of 3.62 × 106 mL g-1. The electron-rich backbone of the COF contributes to its excellent selective removal efficiency (up to 100%) and adsorption capacity of 372.59 mg g-1. Furthermore, the Pd-adsorbed COF was evaluated as a sustainable catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, demonstrating good catalytic conversion and recyclability. This work attempts to showcase a protocol for reusing waste palladium generated in water to fabricate heterogeneous catalysts and, thereby, promote the circular economy concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahira Bashri
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pallab Bhandari
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sasi Stephen
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Matthew J O'Connor
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Post Office Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Safa Gaber
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tina Škorjanc
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovscina, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Finšgar
- University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gisha Elizabeth Luckachan
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Blaž Belec
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovscina, Slovenia
| | - Emad Alhseinat
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Catalysis & Separations (CeCaS), Khalifa University of Science & Technology, Post Office Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Tao S, Jiang D. Accelerating Anhydrous Proton Transport in Covalent Organic Frameworks: Pore Chemistry and its Impacts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408296. [PMID: 38843109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Proton conduction is important in both fundamental research and technological development. Here we report designed synthesis of crystalline porous covalent organic frameworks as a new platform for high-rate anhydrous proton conduction. By developing nanochannels with different topologies as proton pathways and loading neat phosphoric acid to construct robust proton carrier networks in the pores, we found that pore topology is crucial for proton conduction. Its effect on increasing proton conductivity is in an exponential mode other than linear fashion, endowing the materials with exceptional proton conductivities exceeding 10-2 S cm-1 over a broad range of temperature and a low activation energy barrier down to 0.24 eV. Remarkably, the pore size controls conduction mechanism, where mesopores promote proton conduction via a fast-hopping mechanism, while micropores follow a sluggish vehicle process. Notably, decreasing phosphoric acid loading content drastically reduces proton conductivity and greatly increases activation energy barrier, emphasizing the pivotal role of well-developed proton carrier network in proton transport. These findings and insights unveil a new general and transformative guidance for designing porous framework materials and systems for high-rate ion conduction, energy storage, and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Donglin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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3
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Koner K, Sasmal HS, Shetty D, Banerjee R. Thickness-Driven Synthesis and Applications of Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406418. [PMID: 38726702 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two-dimensional, crystalline porous framework materials with numerous scopes for tunability, such as porosity, functionality, stability and aspect ratio (thickness to length ratio). The manipulation of π-stacking in COFs results in truly 2D materials, namely covalent organic nanosheets (CONs), adds advantages in many applications. In this Minireview, we have discussed both top-down (COFs→CONs) and bottom-up (molecules→CONs) approaches with precise information on thickness and lateral growth. We have showcased the research progress on CONs in a few selected applications, such as batteries, catalysis, sensing and biomedical applications. This Minireview specifically highlights the reports where the authors compare the performance of CONs with COFs by demonstrating the impact of the thickness and lateral growth of the nanosheets. We have also provided the possible scope of exploration of CONs research in terms of inter-dimensional conversion, such as graphene to carbon nanotube and future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalipada Koner
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Catalysis and Separations (CeCaS), Khalifa University of Science & Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Xue R, Liu Y, Wu X, Lv Y, Guo J, Yang GY. Covalent Organic Frameworks Meet Titanium Oxide. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39028766 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
In order to expand the applicability of materials and improve their performance, the combined use of different materials has increasingly been explored. Among these materials, inorganic-organic hybrid materials often exhibit properties superior to those of single materials. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are famous crystalline porous materials constructed by organic building blocks linked by covalent bonds. In recent years, the combination of COFs with other materials has shown interesting properties in diverse fields, and the composite materials of COFs and TiO2 have been investigated more and more. These two outstanding materials are combined through covalent bonding, physical mixing, and other methods and exhibit excellent performance in various fields, including photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, sensors, separation, and energy storage and conversion. In this Review, the current preparation methods and applications of COF-TiO2 hybrid materials are introduced in detail, and their future development and possible problems are discussed and prospected, which is of great significance for related research. It is believed that these interesting hybrid materials will show greater application value as research progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Yinsheng Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Jixi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Guo-Yu Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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Xu H, Xia S, Li C, Li Y, Xing W, Jiang Y, Chen X. Programming Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Promoted Photoinduced Molecular Oxygen Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405476. [PMID: 38706228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite the pivotal role of molecular oxygen (O2) activation in artificial photosynthesis, the activation efficiency is often restricted by sluggish exciton dissociation and charge transfer kinetics within polymer photocatalysts. Herein, we propose two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with tailored donor-acceptor (D-A) structures, TTF-PDI-COF and TTF-TFPP-COF, to promote O2 activation. Because of enhanced electron push-pull interactions that facilitated charge separation and transfer behavior, TTF-PDI-COF exhibited superior photocatalytic activity in electron-induced O2 activation reactions over TTF-TFPP-COF under visible light irradiation, including the photosynthesis of (E)-3-amino-2-thiocyano-α,β-unsaturated compounds and H2O2. These findings highlight the significant potential of the rational design of COFs with D-A configurations as suitable candidates for advanced photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Shuling Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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6
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Yan Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Lu Z, Peng Y, Chen Z, Xu Q. Linkage-Mediated Electronic Structure Modulation in Multicomponent Covalent Organic Frameworks for Dramatically Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401122. [PMID: 38749913 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Linkage chemistry is an essential aspect to covalent organic framework (COF) applications; it is highly desirable to precisely modulate electronic structure mediated directly by linkage for efficient COF-based photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, which however, remains substantially challenging. Herein, as a proof of concept, a collection of robust multicomponent pyrene-based COFs with abundant donor-acceptor (D-A) interactions has been judiciously designed and synthesized through molecularly engineering linkage for photogeneration of hydrogen. Controlled locking and conversion of linkage critically contribute to continuously regulating COFs' electronic structures further to optimize photocatalytic activities. Remarkably, the well-modulated optoelectronic properties turn on the average hydrogen evolution rate from zero to 15.67 mmol g-1 h-1 by the protonated quinoline-linked COF decorated with the trifluoromethyl group (TT-PQCOF-CF3). Using diversified spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we show that multiple modifications toward linkage synergistically lead to the redistribution of charge on COFs with extended π-conjugation and reinforced D-A effect, making TT-PQCOF-CF3 a promising material with significantly boosted carrier separation and migration. This study provides important guidance for the design of high-performance COF photocatalysts based on the strategy of linkage-mediated electronic structure modulation in COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yanming Zhao
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xikai Chen
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14621, United States
| | - Yunlei Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China, University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Zongwei Chen
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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Tian J, Treaster KA, Xiong L, Wang Z, Evans AM, Li H. Taming Two-Dimensional Polymerization by a Machine-Learning Discovered Crystallization Model. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202408937. [PMID: 38958453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Rapidly synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) is crucial for their practical applications. While strategies such as slow monomer addition have been developed based on an empirical understanding of their formation process, quantitative guidance remains absent, which prohibits precise optimizations of the experimental conditions. Here, we use a machine-learning approach that overcomes the challenges associated with bottom-up model derivation for the non-classical 2D COF crystallization processes. The resulting model, referred to as NEgen1, establishes correlations among the induction time, nucleation rate, growth rate, bond-forming rate constants, and common solution synthesis conditions for 2D COFs that grow by a nucleation-elongation mechanism. The results elucidate the detailed competition between the nucleation and growth dynamics in solution, which has been inappropriately described previously by classical, empirical models with assumptions invalid for 2D COF polymerization. By understanding the dynamic processes at play, the NEgen1 model reveals a simple strategy of gradually increasing monomer addition speed for growing large 2D COF crystals. This insight enables us to rapidly synthesize large COF-5 colloids, which could only be achieved previously by prolonged reaction times or by introducing chemical modulators. These results highlight the potential for systematically improving the crystal quality of 2D COFs, which has wide-reaching relevance for many of the applications where 2D COFs are speculated to be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Tian
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Kiana A Treaster
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200, United States
| | - Liangtao Xiong
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Zixiao Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Austin M Evans
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-7200, United States
| | - Haoyuan Li
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai, 201800, China
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8
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Zhang B, Zheng H, Yang K, Li C, Wu T, Sui Q, Feng W. Bottom-up synthesis of a sulfhydryl-modified heteroporous covalent organic framework for ultrafast removal of trace Hg(Ⅱ) from water. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142410. [PMID: 38795912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is crucial in expanding their potential for removing toxic heavy metals from drinking water. Here, a new sulfhydryl-modified heteroporous COF (COFDBD-BTA) was prepared using a "bottom-up" approach in which a direct amine-aldehyde dehydration condensation between 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride (DBD) and [1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3',5,5'-tetracarbaldehyde (BTA) was occurred. The COFDBD-BTA featured a hexagonal kagome (kgm) structure and a sheet-like morphology. Notably, COFDBD-BTA contained densely S atoms that provided high-density Hg(II) adsorption sites for efficient and selective trace Hg(II) removal. COFDBD-BTA exhibited excellent performance in rapidly removing trace Hg(II) from 30 μg L-1 to 0.71 μg L-1 within 10 s, below the World Health Organization's allowable limit of 1 μg L-1. Additionally, COFDBD-BTA exhibited a high Hg (Ⅱ) removal level from water, achieving adsorption capacity of 687.38 mg g-1. Furthermore, the adsorbent exhibited a wide range of applicability for low concentration (6-500 μg L-1) Hg (Ⅱ), a simple and feasible regeneration method, and strong Hg(II) removal ability in real tap water systems. The excellent adsorption efficiency, outstanding recyclability, and one-step room temperature synthesis make S-rich COFDBD-BTA a promising candidate for eliminating Hg (Ⅱ) from drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baichao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kunmin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingqing Sui
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wuwei Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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Yang J, Han X, Feng X. Rapid synthesis of aminal-linked covalent organic frameworks for CO 2/CH 4 separation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21151-21157. [PMID: 38966812 PMCID: PMC11223515 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
As an emerging category of crystalline porous materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are primarily synthesized via solvothermal methods. However, achieving rapid synthesis of COFs through this approach poses a significant challenge. To address the issue of slow synthesis, we studied the crystallization process of aminal-linked COFs via the condensation of a cost-effective aldehyde and secondary amine, and successfully expedited the synthesis of COFs within a one-hour duration. Furthermore, gram-scale aminal-linked COFs with abundant ultra-microporous channels demonstrated promising potential for CO2/CH4 separation. This study enables the rapid synthesis of aminal-linked COFs from cheap raw materials, which lays a foundation for their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Xianghao Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
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Xue F, Zhang J, Ma Z, Wang Z. Copper Dispersed Covalent Organic Framework for Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition and Fast Synthesis of Rufinamide in Water. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307796. [PMID: 38185802 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
A crystalline porous bipyridine-based Bpy-COF with a high BET surface area (1864 m2 g-1) and uniform mesopore (4.0 nm) is successfully synthesized from 1,3,5-tris-(4'-formyl-biphenyl-4-yl)triazine and 5,5'-diamino-2,2'-bipyridine via a solvothermal method. After Cu(I)-loading, the resultant Cu(I)-Bpy-COF remained the ordered porous structure with evenly distributed Cu(I) ions at a single-atom level. Using Cu(I)-Bpy-COF as a heterogeneous catalyst, high conversions for cycloaddition reactions are achieved within a short time (40 min) at 25 °C in water medium. Moreover, Cu(I)-Bpy-COF proves to be applicable for aromatic and aliphatic azides and alkynes bearing various substituents such as ester, hydroxyl, amido, pyridyl, thienyl, bulky triphenylamine, fluorine, and trifluoromethyl groups. The high conversions remain almost constant after five cycles. Additionally, the antiepileptic drug (rufinamide) is successfully prepared by a simple one-step reaction using Cu(I)-Bpy-COF, proving its practical feasibility for pharmaceutical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhongcheng Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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Chakraborty J, Chatterjee A, Molkens K, Nath I, Arenas Esteban D, Bourda L, Watson G, Liu C, Van Thourhout D, Bals S, Geiregat P, Van der Voort P. Decoding Excimer Formation in Covalent-Organic Frameworks Induced by Morphology and Ring Torsion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314056. [PMID: 38618981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A thorough and quantitative understanding of the fate of excitons in covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) after photoexcitation is essential for their augmented optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications via precise structure tuning. The synthesis of a library of COFs having identical chemical backbone with impeded conjugation, but varied morphology and surface topography to study the effect of these physical properties on the photophysics of the materials is herein reported. The variation of crystallite size and surface topography substantified different aggregation pattern in the COFs, which leads to disparities in their photoexcitation and relaxation properties. Depending on aggregation, an inverse correlation between bulk luminescence decay time and exciton binding energy of the materials is perceived. Further transient absorption spectroscopic analysis confirms the presence of highly localized, immobile, Frenkel excitons (of diameter 0.3-0.5 nm) via an absence of annihilation at high density, most likely induced by structural torsion of the COF skeletons, which in turn preferentially relaxes via long-lived (nanosecond to microsecond) excimer formation (in femtosecond scale) over direct emission. These insights underpin the importance of structural and topological design of COFs for their targeted use in photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Chakraborty
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Korneel Molkens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Ipsita Nath
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Arenas Esteban
- EMAT-Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Laurens Bourda
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Geert Watson
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NanoSensing Group, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Dries Van Thourhout
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- Photonics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- NOLIMITS, Center for Non-Linear Microscopy and Spectroscopy, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van der Voort
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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12
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Zhou PK, Li Y, Zeng T, Chee MY, Huang Y, Yu Z, Yu H, Yu H, Huang W, Chen X. One-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework-Based Multilevel Memristors for Neuromorphic Computing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402911. [PMID: 38511343 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Memristors are essential components of neuromorphic systems that mimic the synaptic plasticity observed in biological neurons. In this study, a novel approach employing one-dimensional covalent organic framework (1D COF) films was explored to enhance the performance of memristors. The unique structural and electronic properties of two 1D COF films (COF-4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) and COF-4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA)) offer advantages for multilevel resistive switching, which is a key feature in neuromorphic computing applications. By further introducing a TiO2 layer on the COF-ODA film, a built-in electric field between the COF-TiO2 interfaces could be generated, demonstrating the feasibility of utilizing COFs as a platform for constructing memristors with tunable resistive states. The 1D nanochannels of these COF structures contributed to the efficient modulation of electrical conductance, enabling precise control over synaptic weights in neuromorphic circuits. This study also investigated the potential of these COF-based memristors to achieve energy-efficient and high-density memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Mun Yin Chee
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yuxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Ziyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Hongling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350108, China
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13
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Kim J, Ling J, Lai Y, Milner PJ. Redox-Active Organic Materials: From Energy Storage to Redox Catalysis. ACS MATERIALS AU 2024; 4:258-273. [PMID: 38737116 PMCID: PMC11083122 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Electroactive materials are central to myriad applications, including energy storage, sensing, and catalysis. Compared to traditional inorganic electrode materials, redox-active organic materials such as porous organic polymers (POPs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging as promising alternatives due to their structural tunability, flexibility, sustainability, and compatibility with a range of electrolytes. Herein, we discuss the challenges and opportunities available for the use of redox-active organic materials in organoelectrochemistry, an emerging area in fine chemical synthesis. In particular, we highlight the utility of organic electrode materials in photoredox catalysis, electrochemical energy storage, and electrocatalysis and point to new directions needed to unlock their potential utility for organic synthesis. This Perspective aims to bring together the organic, electrochemistry, and polymer communities to design new heterogeneous electrocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jianheng Ling
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yihuan Lai
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Phillip J. Milner
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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14
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Zhao X, Shang S, Liu H, Peng C, Hu J. Dipole moment regulation for enhancing internal electric field in covalent organic frameworks photocatalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141947. [PMID: 38599332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as a kind of promising photocatalytic platform in addressing the growing threat of trace pollutants in aquatic environments. Along this, we propose a strategy of constructing internal electric field (IEF) in COFs through the dipole moment regulation, which intrinsically facilitates the separation and transfer of photogenerated excitons. Two COFs of BTT-TZ-COF and BTT-TB-COF are developed by linking the electron-donor of benzotrithiophene (BTT) block and the electron-acceptor of triazine (TZ) or tribenzene (TB) block, respectively. DFT calculations demonstrate TZ block with larger dipole moment can achieve more efficient IEF due to the stronger electron-attractive force and hence narrower bandgap. Moreover, featuring the highly-order crystalline structure for accelerating photo-excitons transfer and rich porosity for facilitating the adsorption, BTT-TZ-COF exhibited an excellent universal performance of photocatalytic degradations of various dyes. Specifically, a superior photodegradation efficiency of 99% Rhodamine B (RhB) is achieved within 20 min under the simulated sunlight. Therefore, this convenient construction approach of enhanced IEF in COFs through rational regulation of the dipole moment can be a promising way to realize high photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuaishuai Shang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Changjun Peng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory for Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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15
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Qian Y, Jiang HL. Structural Regulation of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Catalysis. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1214-1226. [PMID: 38552221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusChemical reactions can be promoted at lower temperatures and pressures, thereby reducing the energy input, by introducing suitable catalysts. Despite its significance, the quest for efficient and stable catalysts remains a significant challenge. In this context, addressing the efficiency of catalysts stands out as a paramount concern. However, the challenges posed by the vague structure and limited tailorability of traditional catalysts would make it highly desirable to fabricate optimized catalysts based on the understanding of structure-activity relationships. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a subclass of fully designed crystalline materials formed by the polymerization of organic building blocks through covalent bonds have garnered widespread attention in catalysis. The precise and customizable structures of COFs, coupled with attributes such as high surface area and facile functional modification, make COFs attractive molecular platforms for catalytic applications. These inherent advantages position COFs as ideal catalysts, facilitating the elucidation of structure-performance relationships and thereby further improving the catalysis. Nevertheless, there is a lack of systematic emphasis on and summary of structural regulation at the atomic/molecular level for COF catalysis. Consequently, there is a growing need to summarize this research field and provide deep insights into COF-based catalysis to promote its further development.In this Account, we will summarize recent advances in structural regulation achieved in COF-based catalysts, placing an emphasis on the molecular design of the structures for enhanced catalysis. Considering the unique components and structural advantages of COFs, we present the fundamental principles for the rational design of structural regulation in COF-based catalysis. This Account starts by presenting an overview of catalysis and explaining why COFs are promising catalysts. Then, we introduce the molecular design principle for COF catalysis. Next, we present the following three aspects of the specific strategies for structural regulation of COF-based catalysts: (1) By designing different functional groups and integrating metal species into the organic unit, the activity and/or selectivity can be finely modulated. (2) Regulating the linkage facilitates charge transfer and/or modulates the electronic structure of catalytic metal sites, and accordingly, the intrinsic activity/selectivity can be further improved. (3) By means of pore wall/space engineering, the microenvironment surrounding catalytic metal sites can be modulated to optimize performance. Finally, the current challenges and future developments in the structural regulation of COF-based catalysts are discussed in detail. This Account provides insight into the structural regulation of COF-based catalysts at the atomic/molecular level toward improving their performance, which would provide significant inspiration for the design and structural regulation of other heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Qian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
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16
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Melero M, Díaz U, Llabrés i Xamena FX. Thiophene-Based Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Visible-Light-Driven Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for the Oxidative Coupling of Amines. Molecules 2024; 29:1637. [PMID: 38611916 PMCID: PMC11013671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reports on a metal-free Covalent Triazine Framework (CTF) incorporating bithiophene structural units (TP-CTF) with a semicrystalline structure as an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. The physico-chemical properties and composition of this material was confirmed via different characterization solid-state techniques, such as XRD, TGA, CO2 adsorption and FT-IR, NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The compound was synthesized through a solvothermal process and was explored as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the oxidative coupling of amines to imines under visible light irradiation. TP-CTF demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic activity, with high conversion rates and selectivity. Importantly, the material exhibited exceptional stability and recyclability, making it a strong candidate for sustainable and efficient imine synthesis. The low bandgap of TP-CTF enabled the efficient absorption of visible light, which is a notable advantage for visible-light-driven photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Urbano Díaz
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Francesc X. Llabrés i Xamena
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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17
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S S, Rajamohan N, S S, R A, M R. Sustainable remediation of pesticide pollutants using covalent organic framework - A review on material properties, synthesis methods and application. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118018. [PMID: 38199472 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COF) have emerged as a potential class of materials for a variety of applications in a wide number of sectors including power storage, environmental services, and biological applications due to their ordered and controllable porosity, large surface area, customizable structure, remarkable stability, and diverse electrical characteristics. COF have received a lot of attention in recent years in the field of environmental remediation, It also find its way to eliminate the emerging pollutant from the environment notably pesticide from polluted water. This review more concentrated on the application of COF in pesticide removal by modifying COF structure, COF synthesis and material properties. To increase the adsorption ability and selectivity of the material towards certain pesticides removal, the synthesis of COF involves organic linkers with various functional groups such as amine, carboxylic acid groups etc. The COF have a high degree of stability and endurance make them suitable for intermittent usage in water treatment applications. This review manifests the novel progress where modified COFs employed in a prominent manner to remove pesticides from polluted water. Some examples of COF application in the eradication of pesticides are triformyl phenylene framework functionalized with amine groups has capacity to remove up to 50 mg/l of Organophosphorus - chlorpyrifos. COF modified to improve their photocatalytic capacity to breakdown the pesticide under visible light irradiation. COF tetraphenyl ethylene linked with carboxylic acid group shows efficient photocatalytic degradation of 90% of organochlorine insecticide endosulfan when subjected to visible light. Atrazine and imidacloprid are reduced from 100 ppm to 1 ppm in aqueous solutions by COF based on high adsorption capacity. In addition, the strategies, technique, synthesis and functional group modification design of COF are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha S
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St.Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, India.
| | - Natarajan Rajamohan
- Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, Oman
| | - Sanjay S
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St.Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, India
| | - Abhishek R
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St.Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, India
| | - Rajasimman M
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, India
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18
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Kang X, Cheng C, Chen X, Dong J, Liu Y, Cui Y. Three-Dimensional Homochiral Covalent Organic Frameworks with Intrinsic Chiral qzd Topology. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8407-8416. [PMID: 38482804 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Although a variety of chiral porous framework materials have been reported, there are few examples known to combine molecular chirality, helicity, and three-dimensional (3D) intrinsically chiral topology in one structure, which is beneficial for chirality transfer and amplification. Here, we report the synthesis of the first two 3D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with an intrinsic chiral qzd topology, which exhibit unusual integration of various homochiral and homohelical features. By imine condensation of 4-connected porphyrin tetraamines and 2-connected enantiopure diene dialdehyde, we prepared two isostructural COFs with a noninterpenetrated qzd topology. The specific geometry and conformation flexibility of the V-shaped diene linker control the alignment of square-planar porphyrin units with rotational linkages and facilitate the creation of homochiral extended porous structures that feature a helical arrangement of porphyrins. Post-synthetic metalation of CCOF 23 with Rh(I) affords a heterogeneous catalyst for the asymmetric Michael addition reaction of aryl boronic acids to 2-cyclohexenone, which shows higher enantioselectivities compared to their homogeneous counterparts, presumably due to the confined effect of helical channels. This finding will provide an impetus to explore multichirality materials, offering new insights into the generation and control of helicity, homochirality, and enantioselectivity in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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19
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Wijesundara YH, Howlett TS, Kumari S, Gassensmith JJ. The Promise and Potential of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks in Vaccine Nanotechnology. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3013-3036. [PMID: 38408451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The immune system's complexity and ongoing evolutionary struggle against deleterious pathogens underscore the value of vaccination technologies, which have been bolstering human immunity for over two centuries. Despite noteworthy advancements over these 200 years, three areas remain recalcitrant to improvement owing to the environmental instability of the biomolecules used in vaccines─the challenges of formulating them into controlled release systems, their need for constant refrigeration to avoid loss of efficacy, and the requirement that they be delivered via needle owing to gastrointestinal incompatibility. Nanotechnology, particularly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), has emerged as a promising avenue for confronting these challenges, presenting a new frontier in vaccine development. Although these materials have been widely explored in the context of drug delivery, imaging, and cancer immunotherapy, their role in immunology and vaccine-related applications is a recent yet rapidly developing field. This review seeks to elucidate the prospective use of MOFs and COFs for biomaterial stabilization, eliminating the necessity for cold chains, enhancing antigen potency as adjuvants, and potentializing needle-free delivery of vaccines. It provides an expansive and critical viewpoint on this rapidly evolving field of research and emphasizes the vital contribution of chemists in driving further advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Thomas S Howlett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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20
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Wang HH, Li F, Yao BJ, Dong YB. Pd NP-loaded covalent organic framework for pH-switched Pickering emulsion catalytic dechlorination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3445-3448. [PMID: 38445390 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Quinoline carboxylic acid-linked and Pd nanoparticle (NP)-loaded COF nanospheres were constructed via a three-component one-pot Doebner reaction and post-synthetic metalation. The obtained Pd@DhaTAPB-COOH solid stabilizer can greatly promote the pH-switched recyclable Pickering interfacial dechlorination reaction, which sheds light on the bright future of smart Pickering emulsion catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Bing-Jian Yao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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21
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Saranya S, Vedachalam S. Phosphazene-Based Covalent Organic Framework as an Efficient Catalyst (COF-1) for the Dehydration of Fructose to 5-HMF. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12817-12824. [PMID: 38524424 PMCID: PMC10956115 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a promising organic platform for producing value-added chemicals. In this work, we focused on using a covalent organic framework (COF-1) as a heterogeneous catalyst for the dehydration of fructose to 5-HMF. The unique phosphazene unit-functionalized pores of COF-1 are essential active sites for catalytic performance. The results show that under the optimized reaction conditions, a maximum yield of 90% was obtained within 1.5 h at 120 °C. Furthermore, the effects of the catalyst load, reaction temperature, and usage of solvents for the improvement of reaction yield were investigated. The catalyst recyclability results showed that the yield of HMF did not change appreciably (90-82%) over five consecutive recycling runs. This work provides a viable strategy by applying phosphazene-based COF-1 for the efficient synthesis of HMF from renewable biomass. The synthesized HMF was further used for the synthesis of the biopolymer monomer furan-2,5-dimethylcarboxylate (FDMC) through N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed oxidative esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Saranya
- P. C. Ray Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal 609609, Union Territory of Puducherry, India
| | - Seenuvasan Vedachalam
- P. C. Ray Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal 609609, Union Territory of Puducherry, India
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22
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Patra BC, Datta S, Bhattacharya S. A Stimuli-Responsive Dual-Emitting Covalent Organic Framework Shows Selective Sensing of Highly Corrosive Acidic Media via Fluorescence Turn-On Signal with White Light Emission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7650-7659. [PMID: 38315165 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent covalent organic frameworks (LCOFs) have been employed as platforms for sensing analytes. Judicial incorporation of appropriate functional units inside the framework leads to the different electronic states in the presence of external stimuli, e.g., temperature, pH, etc. We report herein a new COF (TPEPy) as a solid-state acid sensor specific for the highly acidic environments that range from pH ∼0.5 to ∼3.0. This COF shows a protonation-induced reversible color change from bright yellow to deep red upon decreasing the pH from 3 to 0.5 and vice versa. No visual color change was, however, observed above pH 3.0. Photoluminescence (PL) studies show that the intrinsic emission peak of the TPEPy COF at 530 nm is shifted to 420 nm owing to the N-protonation of the imine nitrogen of COF within this pH range. Extensive studies demonstrate that the protonation behavior of the COF is counterion dependent. This was revealed when different acids, e.g., HCl, HNO3, HBr, and HI, were employed. The intensity of the proton-induced emission peak at 420 nm depends significantly upon the counterions with the order of HCl > HNO3 > HBr > HI. These anions interact with the protonated TPEPy COF by cation-anion and H-bonding interactions. Further, the pristine COF showed near white light emission at a particular pH of 2.5 (CIE coordinates 0.27, 0.32). From the PL spectrophotometric titrations, the deprotonation pKa was experimentally found to be 1.8 ± 0.02 for the TPEPy COF. The sensor reported herein is reversible, reusable, and regenerable and is useful for assessing pH fluctuations within a strongly acidic range via digital signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan Chandra Patra
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subhasis Datta
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517619, India
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23
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Mow R, Russell-Parks GA, Redwine GEB, Petel BE, Gennett T, Braunecker WA. Polymer-Coated Covalent Organic Frameworks as Porous Liquids for Gas Storage. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:1579-1590. [PMID: 38370283 PMCID: PMC10870717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Several synthetic methods have recently emerged to develop high-surface-area solid-state organic framework-based materials into free-flowing liquids with permanent porosity. The fluidity of these porous liquid (PL) materials provides them with advantages in certain storage and transport processes. However, most framework-based materials necessitate the use of cryogenic temperatures to store weakly bound gases such as H2, temperatures where PLs lose their fluidity. Covalent organic framework (COF)-based PLs that could reversibly form stable complexes with H2 near ambient temperatures would represent a promising development for gas storage and transport applications. We report here the development, characterization, and evaluation of a material with these remarkable characteristics based on Cu(I)-loaded COF colloids. Our synthetic strategy required tailoring conditions for growing robust coatings of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-methacrylate (PDMS-MA) around COF colloids using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). We demonstrate exquisite control over the coating thickness on the colloidal COF, quantified by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The coated COF material was then suspended in a liquid polymer matrix to make a PL. CO2 isotherms confirmed that the coating preserved the general porosity of the COF in the free-flowing liquid, while CO sorption measurements using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) confirmed the preservation of Cu(I) coordination sites. We then evaluated the gas sorption phenomenon in the Cu(I)-COF-based PLs using DRIFTS and temperature-programmed desorption measurements. In addition to confirming that H2 transport is possible at or near mild refrigeration temperatures with these materials, our observations indicate that H2 diffusion is significantly influenced by the glass-transition temperature of both the coating and the liquid matrix. The latter result underscores an additional potential advantage of PLs in tailoring gas diffusion and storage temperatures through the coating composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
E. Mow
- Materials
Science Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Glory A. Russell-Parks
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Grace E. B. Redwine
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Brittney E. Petel
- Catalytic
Carbon Transformation and Scale-Up Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Thomas Gennett
- Materials
Science Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Wade A. Braunecker
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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24
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Wu Y, Wang R, Kim Y. Single-Atom Catalysts on Covalent Organic Frameworks for Energy Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38329718 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been investigated and applied to energy conversion devices. However, issues of metal agglomeration, low metal loading, and substrate stability have hindered realization of the SACs' full potential. Recently, covalent organic framework (COF)-based SACs have emerged as promising materials to enable highly efficient catalytic reactions. Here, we summarize the representative COF-based SACs and their wide application in clean energy devices and conversion reactions, such as hydrogen evolution reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction. Based on their catalysis conditions, these reactions are categorized into photocatalyzed and electrocatalyzed reactions. We also summarize their design strategies, including heteroatom inclusion, donor-acceptor pairs, pore engineering, interface engineering, etc. Although COF-based SACs are promising, more efforts, such as linkage engineering, functional groups, ionization, multifunctional sites for cocatalyzed systems, etc., could improve them to be the ideal SAC materials. At the end, we provide our perspectives on where the field will proceed in the next 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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25
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Liu J, Kang DW, Fan Y, Nash GT, Jiang X, Weichselbaum RR, Lin W. Nanoscale Covalent Organic Framework with Staggered Stacking of Phthalocyanines for Mitochondria-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:849-857. [PMID: 38134050 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanine photosensitizers (PSs) have shown promise in fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of malignant tumors, but their practical application is limited by the aggregation-induced quenching (AIQ) and inherent photobleaching of PSs. Herein, we report the synthesis of a two-dimensional nanoscale covalent organic framework (nCOF) with staggered (AB) stacking of zinc-phthalocyanines (ZnPc), ZnPc-PI, for fluorescence imaging and mitochondria-targeted PDT. ZnPc-PI isolates and confines ZnPc PSs in the rigid nCOF to reduce AIQ, improve photostability, enhance cellular uptake, and increase the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via mitochondrial targeting. ZnPc-PI shows efficient tumor accumulation, which allowed precise tumor imaging and nanoparticle tracking. With high cellular uptake and tumor accumulation, intrinsic mitochondrial targeting, and enhanced ROS generation, ZnPc-PI exhibits potent PDT efficacy with >95% tumor growth inhibition on two murine colon cancer models without causing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Dong Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yingjie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Geoffrey T Nash
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiaomin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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26
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Kong X, Wu Z, Strømme M, Xu C. Ambient Aqueous Synthesis of Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) and Fabrication of Freestanding Cellulose Nanofiber@COF Nanopapers. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:742-751. [PMID: 38112524 PMCID: PMC10785817 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are usually synthesized under solvothermal conditions that require the use of toxic organic solvents, high reaction temperatures, and complicated procedures. Additionally, their insolubility and infusibility present substantial challenges in the processing of COFs. Herein, we report a facile, green approach for the synthesis of imine-linked COFs in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The key behind the synthesis is the regulation of the reaction rate. The preactivation of aldehyde monomers using acetic acid significantly enhances their reactivity in aqueous solutions. Meanwhile, the still somewhat lower imine formation rate and higher imine breaking rates in aqueous solution, in contrast to conventional solvothermal synthesis, allow for the modulation of the reaction equilibrium and the crystallization of the products. As a result, highly crystalline COFs with large surface areas can be formed in relatively high yields in a few minutes. In total, 16 COFs are successfully synthesized from monomers with different molecular sizes, geometries, pendant groups, and core structures, demonstrating the versatility of this approach. Notably, this method works well on the gram scale synthesis of COFs. Furthermore, the aqueous synthesis facilitates the interfacial growth of COF nanolayers on the surface of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The resulting CNF@COF hybrid nanofibers can be easily processed into freestanding nanopapers, demonstrating high efficiency in removing trace amounts of antibiotics from wastewater. This study provides a route to the green synthesis and processing of various COFs, paving the way for practical applications in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Kong
- Division
of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
| | - Zhongqi Wu
- Institute
of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, P. R. China
| | - Maria Strømme
- Division
of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
| | - Chao Xu
- Division
of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
- Institute
of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, P. R. China
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27
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Zhu Y, Bai Q, Ouyang S, Jin Y, Zhang W. Covalent Organic Framework-based Solid-State Electrolytes, Electrode Materials, and Separators for Lithium-ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301118. [PMID: 37706226 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global energy consumption has led to the rapid development of renewable energy storage technologies. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been extensively studied and utilized for reliable, efficient, and sustainable energy storage. Nevertheless, designing new materials for LIB applications with high capacity and long-term stability is highly desired but remains a challenging task. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as superior candidates for LIB applications due to their high porosity, well-defined pores, highly customizable structure, and tunable functionalities. These merits enable the preparation of tailored COFs with predesigned redox-active moieties and suitable porous channels that can improve the lithium-ion storage and transportation. This review summarizes the recent progress in the development of COFs and their composites for a variety of LIB applications, including (quasi) solid-state electrolytes, electrode materials, and separators. Finally, the challenges and potential future directions of employing COFs for LIBs are also briefly discussed, further promoting the foundation of this class of exciting materials for future advances in energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qiaoshuang Bai
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yinghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO, 80309, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO, 80309, United States
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28
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Wu X, Zong L, Huang N. Highly luminescent olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:320-323. [PMID: 38063047 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A new olefin-linked covalent organic framework (COF) was developed using 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (TFB) and tetraethyl p-xylylenediphosphonate (TEXDP) as building blocks through a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction. By combination of the aromatic columnar ordering and high conjugation, the resulting TFB-TEXDP-COF exhibits a fluorescence quantum yield of up to 41%, which constitutes the new record value among COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Lina Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Ning Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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29
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Liu Y, Liu X, Su A, Gong C, Chen S, Xia L, Zhang C, Tao X, Li Y, Li Y, Sun T, Bu M, Shao W, Zhao J, Li X, Peng Y, Guo P, Han Y, Zhu Y. Revolutionizing the structural design and determination of covalent-organic frameworks: principles, methods, and techniques. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:502-544. [PMID: 38099340 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00287j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent an important class of crystalline porous materials with designable structures and functions. The interconnected organic monomers, featuring pre-designed symmetries and connectivities, dictate the structures of COFs, endowing them with high thermal and chemical stability, large surface area, and tunable micropores. Furthermore, by utilizing pre-functionalization or post-synthetic functionalization strategies, COFs can acquire multifunctionalities, leading to their versatile applications in gas separation/storage, catalysis, and optoelectronic devices. Our review provides a comprehensive account of the latest advancements in the principles, methods, and techniques for structural design and determination of COFs. These cutting-edge approaches enable the rational design and precise elucidation of COF structures, addressing fundamental physicochemical challenges associated with host-guest interactions, topological transformations, network interpenetration, and defect-mediated catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikuan Liu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaona Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - An Su
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengtao Gong
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shenwei Chen
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liwei Xia
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaohuan Tao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Intelligent Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tulai Sun
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengru Bu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Shao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia Zhao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongwu Peng
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Peng Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yu Han
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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30
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Zarei N, Yarie M, Torabi M, Zolfigol MA. Urea-rich porous organic polymer as a hydrogen bond catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation reaction and synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1 H)-ones. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1094-1105. [PMID: 38174287 PMCID: PMC10759279 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, a new urea-rich porous organic polymer (urea-rich POP) as a hydrogen bond catalyst was synthesized via a solvothermal method. The physiochemical properties of the synthesized urea-rich POP were investigated by using different analyses like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), elemental mapping analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. The preparation of urea-rich POP provides an efficacious platform for designing unique hydrogen bond catalytic systems. Accordingly, urea-rich POP, due to the existence of several urea moieties as hydrogen bond sites, has excellent performance as a catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction and multi-component synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Zarei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
| | - Meysam Yarie
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
| | - Morteza Torabi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
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31
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Ajay Rakkesh R, Naveen TB, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S. Covalent organic frameworks: Pioneering remediation solutions for organic pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140655. [PMID: 37949178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a promising class of crystalline porous materials with customizable structures, high surface areas, and tunable functionalities. Their unique properties make them attractive candidates for addressing environmental contamination caused by pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and endocrine disruptors (EDCs). This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and applications of COFs in removing and remedying various environmental contaminants. We delve into the synthesis, properties, and performance of COFs and their potential limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ajay Rakkesh
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, TN, India.
| | - T B Naveen
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, TN, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, TN, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600 025, TN, India
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32
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Hu F, Hu Z, Liu Y, Tam KC, Liang R, Xie Q, Fan Z, Pan C, Tang J, Yu G, Zhang W. Aqueous Sol-Gel Synthesis and Shaping of Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27718-27727. [PMID: 38083846 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic fragility and insoluble nature of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have strongly impeded their processability for practical applications. Herein, an aqueous-based sol-gel synthetic strategy is reported for the synthesis and shaping of COFs with task-specific applications that satisfy the principles of green chemistry for gram-scale production of crystalline materials. Our successful approach involves three pivotal aspects: the "prodrug mimic" design of water-soluble monomers, the utilization of hydrolyzable bonds, and the manipulation of reaction kinetics. The generality of the method is demonstrated by the successful preparation of representative high-surface area two-dimensional (2D) COFs with several commonly used amines. By virtue of this strategy, a COF colloidal dispersion is achieved and can be formulated into processable fluids, structured films, and COF monoliths. Remarkably, the obtained lightweight (∼0.020 g cm-3) and robust aerogels displayed outstanding adsorption capacity (exceeding 57 times its own weight) toward a variety of organic solvents and exhibited superior thermal insulating properties compared to the widely used sponge and cotton. This work demonstrates a versatile strategy for the synthesis and shaping of processable COF materials in water that will contribute to the development of COF monoliths for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zeyou Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kam Chiu Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Rongran Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Qiujian Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chunyue Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Juntao Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guipeng Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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33
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Senarathna MC, Li H, Perera SD, Torres-Correas J, Diwakara SD, Boardman SR, Al-Kharji NM, Liu Y, Smaldone RA. Highly Flexible Dielectric Films from Solution Processable Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312617. [PMID: 37851585 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are known to be a promising class of materials for a wide range of applications, yet their poor solution processability limits their utility in many areas. Here we report a pore engineering method using hydrophilic side chains to improve the processability of hydrazone and β-ketoenamine-linked COFs and the production of flexible, crystalline films. Mechanical measurements of the free-standing COF films of COF-PEO-3 (hydrazone-linked) and TFP-PEO-3 (β-ketoenamine-linked), revealed a Young's modulus of 391.7 MPa and 1034.7 MPa, respectively. The solubility and excellent mechanical properties enabled the use of these COFs in dielectric devices. Specifically, the TFP-PEO-3 film-based dielectric capacitors display simultaneously high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, resulting in a discharged energy density of 11.22 J cm-3 . This work offers a general approach for producing solution processable COFs and mechanically flexible COF-based films, which hold great potential for use in energy storage and flexible electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milinda C Senarathna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - He Li
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sachini D Perera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jose Torres-Correas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Shashini D Diwakara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Samuel R Boardman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Noora M Al-Kharji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ronald A Smaldone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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34
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Fan Y, Kang DW, Labalme S, Lin W. A Spirobifluorene-Based Covalent Organic Framework for Dual Photoredox and Nickel Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25074-25079. [PMID: 37934955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as tunable, crystalline, and porous functional organic materials, but their application in photocatalysis has been limited by rapid excited-state quenching. Herein, we report the first example of dual photoredox/nickel catalysis by an sp2 carbon-conjugated spirobifluorene-based COF. Constructed from spirobifluorene and nickel-bipyridine linkers, the NiSCN COF adopted a two-dimensional structure with staggered stacking. Under light irradiation, NiSCN catalyzed amination and etherification/esterification reactions of aryl halides through the photoredox mechanism, with a catalytic efficiency more than 23-fold higher than that of its homogeneous control. NiSCN was used in five consecutive reactions without a significant loss of catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Dong Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven Labalme
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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35
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Zhang W, Yang Y, Mao J, Zhang Q, Fan W, Chai G, Shi Q, Zhu C, Zhang S, Xie J. Quinoline Bridging Hyperconjugated Covalent Organic Framework as Solid-Phase Microextraction Coating for Ultrasensitive Determination of Phthalate Esters in Water Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17999-18009. [PMID: 37904272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely distributed in the environment, and this has caused serious health and safety concerns. Development of rapid and ultrasensitive identification and analysis methods for phthalate esters is urgent and highly desirable. In this work, a novel nitrogen-rich covalent organic framework (N-TTI) derived quinoline bridging covalent organic framework (N-QTTI) was fabricated and used as a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the ultrasensitive determination of phthalate esters in water samples. The physical and chemical properties of N-QTTI were investigated sufficiently. The N-QTTI-coated fiber demonstrates a superior enrichment performance than either the N-TTI-coated fiber or commercial fibers under the optimized SPME conditions. For the first time, we propose a semi-immersion strategy for the extraction of PAEs from water samples based on N-QTTI-coated SPME fibers. Combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the developed method N-QTTI-SPME-GC-MS exhibits a wide linear range with a satisfactory linearity (R2 ≥ 0.995). The limits of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) and the limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N = 10) were 0.17-1.70 and 0.57-5.60 ng L-1, respectively. The repeatability of the new method was examined using relative standard deviations (RSDs) between intraday and interday data, which were 0.38-7.98% and 1.22-6.60%, respectively. The spiked recoveries at three levels of 10, 100, and 1000 ng L-1 were in the range of 90.0-106.2% with RSDs of less than 7.48%. The enrichment factors ranged from 291 to 17180. When compared to previously published works, the LODs of the newly established method were improved 5-5400 times, and the enrichment factors were increased by at least 8 times. The absorption mechanism was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and noncovalent interaction force analysis. The technique was successfully employed for detecting PAEs in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfen Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Mao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Fan
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobi Chai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhao Shi
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
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36
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Paz R, Viltres H, Gupta NK, Phung V, Srinivasan S, Rajabzadeh AR, Leyva C. Covalent organic frameworks as highly versatile materials for the removal and electrochemical sensing of organic pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140145. [PMID: 37714485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of persistent organic compounds in water has become a worldwide issue due to its resistance to natural degradation, inducing its environmental resilience. Therefore, the accumulation in water bodies, soils, and humans produces toxic effects. Also, low levels of organic pollutants can lead to serious human health issues, such as cancer, chronic diseases, thyroid complications, immune system suppression, etc. Therefore, developing efficient and economically viable remediation strategies motivates researchers to delve into novel domains within material science. Moreover, finding approaches to detect pollutants in drinking water systems is vital for safeguarding water safety and security. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are valuable materials constructed through strong covalent interactions between blocked monomers. These materials have tremendous potential in removing and detecting persistent organic pollutants due to their high adsorption capacity, large surface area, tunable porosity, porous structure, and recyclability. This review discusses various synthesis routes for constructing non-functionalized and functionalized COFs and their application in the remediation and electrochemical sensing of persistent organic compounds from contaminated water sources. The development of COF-based materials has some major challenges that need to be addressed for their suitability in the industrial configuration. This review also aims to highlight the importance of COFs in the environmental remediation application with detailed scrutiny of their challenges and outcomes in the current research scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Paz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, LNAgua, 11500, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Herlys Viltres
- School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nishesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Environmental Research, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Vivian Phung
- School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Seshasai Srinivasan
- School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Amin Reza Rajabzadeh
- School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Carolina Leyva
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, LNAgua, 11500, CDMX, Mexico.
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37
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Piskorz TK, Martí-Centelles V, Spicer RL, Duarte F, Lusby PJ. Picking the lock of coordination cage catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11300-11331. [PMID: 37886081 PMCID: PMC10599471 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The design principles of metallo-organic assembly reactions have facilitated access to hundreds of coordination cages of varying size and shape. Many of these assemblies possess a well-defined cavity capable of hosting a guest, pictorially mimicking the action of a substrate binding to the active site of an enzyme. While there are now a growing collection of coordination cages that show highly proficient catalysis, exhibiting both excellent activity and efficient turnover, this number is still small compared to the vast library of metal-organic structures that are known. In this review, we will attempt to unpick and discuss the key features that make an effective coordination cage catalyst, linking structure to activity (and selectivity) using lessons learnt from both experimental and computational analysis of the most notable exemplars. We will also provide an outlook for this area, reasoning why coordination cages have the potential to become the gold-standard in (synthetic) non-covalent catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz K Piskorz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera, s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Rebecca L Spicer
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University Lancaster LA14YB UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
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38
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Kim SW, Jung H, Okyay MS, Noh HJ, Chung S, Kim YH, Jeon JP, Wong BM, Cho K, Seo JM, Yoo JW, Baek JB. Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Two-Dimensional Conductive Covalent Organic Framework with Anisotropic Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310560. [PMID: 37654107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with efficient charge transport is of immense interest for applications in optoelectronic devices. To enhance COF charge transport properties, electroactive building blocks and dopants can be used to induce extended conduction channels. However, understanding their intricate interplay remains challenging. We designed and synthesized a tailor-made COF structure with electroactive hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) core units and planar dioxin (D) linkages, denoted as HD-COF. With the support of theoretical calculations, we found that the HAT units in the HD-COF induce strong, eclipsed π-π stacking. The unique stacking of HAT units and the weak in-plane conjugation of dioxin linkages leads to efficient anisotropic charge transport. We fabricated HD-COF films to minimize the grain boundary effect of bulk COFs, which resulted in enhanced conductivity. As a result, the HD-COF films showed an electrical conductivity as high as 1.25 S cm-1 after doping with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjung Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmut Sait Okyay
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Hyuk-Jun Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jeon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bryan M Wong
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Seo
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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39
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Pelkowski CE, Natraj A, Malliakas CD, Burke DW, Bardot MI, Wang Z, Li H, Dichtel WR. Tuning Crystallinity and Stacking of Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks through Side-Chain Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21798-21806. [PMID: 37773640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) form as layered 2D polymers whose sheets stack through high-surface-area, noncovalent interactions that can give rise to different interlayer arrangements. Manipulating the stacking of 2D COFs is crucial since it dictates the effective size and shape of the pores as well as the specific interactions between functional aromatic systems in adjacent layers, both of which will strongly influence the emergent properties of 2D COFs. However, principles for tuning layer stacking are not yet well understood, and many 2D COFs are disordered in the stacking direction. Here, we investigate effects of pendant chain length through a series of 2D imine-linked COFs functionalized with n-alkyloxy chains varying in length from one carbon (C1 COF) to 11 carbons (C11 COF). This series reveals previously unrecognized and unanticipated trends in both the stacking geometry and crystallinity. C1 COF adopts an averaged eclipsed geometry with no apparent offset between layers. In contrast, all subsequent chain lengths lead to some degree of unidirectional slip stacking. As pendant chain length is increased, trends show average layer offset increasing to a maximum of 2.07 Å in C5 COF and then decreasing as chain length is extended through C11 COF. Counterintuitively, shorter chains (C2-C4) give rise to lower yields of weakly crystalline materials, while longer chains (C6-C9) produce greater yields of highly crystalline materials, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborate these observations, suggesting that long alkyl chains can interact favorably to promote the self-assembly of sheets. In situ proton NMR spectroscopy provides insights into the reaction equilibrium as well as the relationship between low COF yields and low crystallinity. These results provide fundamental insights into principles of supramolecular assembly in 2D COFs, demonstrating an opportunity for harnessing favorable side-chain interactions to produce highly crystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Pelkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anusree Natraj
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David W Burke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Madison I Bardot
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zixiao Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Haoyuan Li
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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40
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Joseph V, Nagai A. Recent advancements of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as proton conductors under anhydrous conditions for fuel cell applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:30401-30419. [PMID: 37849707 PMCID: PMC10578502 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent electrochemical energy conversion devices require more advanced proton conductors for their broad applications, especially, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) construction. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of organic porous crystalline materials that are composed of organic linkers and connected by strong covalent bonds. The unique characteristics including well-ordered and tailorable pore channels, permanent porosity, high degree of crystallinity, excellent chemical and thermal stability, enable COFs to be the potential proton conductors in fuel cell devices. Generally, proton conduction of COFs is dependent on the amount of water (extent of humidity). So, the constructed fuel cells accompanied complex water management system which requires large radiators and airflow for their operation at around 80 °C to avoid overheating and efficiency roll-off. To overcome such limitations, heavy-duty fuel cells require robust proton exchange membranes with stable proton conduction at elevated temperatures. Thus, proton conducting COFs under anhydrous conditions are in high demand. This review summarizes the recent progress in emerging COFs that exhibit proton conduction under anhydrous conditions, which may be prospective candidates for solid electrolytes in fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Ensemble3 - Centre of Excellence Wólczyńska 133 01-919 Warszawa Poland
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41
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Cheng Y, Li YX, Liu CH, Zhu YY, Lin W. Diaryl Dihydrophenazine-Based Porous Organic Polymers Enhance Synergistic Catalysis in Visible-Light-Driven Organic Transformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310470. [PMID: 37615272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) have emerged as a novel class of porous materials that are synthesized by the polymerization of various organic monomers with different geometries and topologies. The molecular tunability of organic building blocks allows the incorporation of functional units for photocatalytic organic transformations. Here, we report the synthesis of two POP-based photocatalysts via homopolymerization of vinyl-functionalized diaryl dihydrophenazine (DADHP) monomer (POP1) and copolymerization of vinyl-functionalized DADHP and 2,2'-bipyridine monomers (POP2). The fluorescence lifetimes of DADHP units in the POPs significantly increased, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic performances over homogeneous controls. POP1 is highly effective in catalysing visible-light-driven C-N bond forming cross-coupling reactions. Upon coordination with Ni2+ ions, POP2-Ni shows strong synergy between photocatalytic and Ni catalytic cycles due to the confinement effect within the POP framework, leading to high efficiency in energy, electron, and organic radical transfer. POP2-Ni displays excellent activity in catalysing C-P bond forming reactions between diarylphosphine oxides and aryl iodides. They increased the photocatalytic activities by more than 30-fold in C-N and C-P cross-coupling reactions. These POP catalysts were readily recovered via centrifugal separation and reused in six catalytic cycles without loss of activities. Thus, photosensitizer-based POPs provide a promising platform for heterogeneous photocatalytic organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yan-Xiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 E 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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42
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Das A, Mohit, Thomas KRJ. Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks as a Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalyst for Scissoring Alkenes to Carbonyl Constituents. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14065-14077. [PMID: 37695568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of alkenes to carbonyl constituents via the cleavage of the C═C bond is unique due to its biological and pharmacological significance. Though a number of oxidative C═C cleavage protocols have been demonstrated for terminal and electron-rich alkene systems, none of them were optimized for electron-deficient and conjugated alkenes. In this work, a covalent organic framework containing triphenylamine and triazine units was revealed to cleave the C═C bond of alkenes under very mild conditions involving visible light irradiation due to its photoredox property. The alkenes can be conveniently broken across the double bond to their constituent carbonyl derivatives on light irradiation in the presence of air and the covalent organic framework photocatalyst. This protocol is applicable for a wide range of alkenes in an aqueous acetonitrile medium with high functional group tolerance and regioselectivity. Though the electron-deficient alkenes required tetramethylethylene diamine as a sacrificial donor, the electron-rich alkenes do not demand any additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Das
- Organic Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Mohit
- Organic Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - K R Justin Thomas
- Organic Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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43
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Ma J, Zhang X, Huang X, Gong J, Xie Z, Li P, Chen Y, Liao Q. Advanced porous organic materials for sample preparation in pharmaceutical analysis. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300205. [PMID: 37525342 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel sample preparation media plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical analysis. To facilitate the extraction and enrichment of pharmaceutical molecules in complex samples, various functionalized materials have been developed and prepared as adsorbents. Recently, some functionalized porous organic materials have become adsorbents for pharmaceutical analysis due to their unique properties of adsorption and recognition. These advanced porous organic materials, combined with consequent analytical techniques, have been successfully used for pharmaceutical analysis in complex samples such as environmental and biological samples. This review encapsulates the progress of advanced porous materials for pharmaceutical analysis including pesticides, antibiotics, chiral drugs, and other compounds in the past decade. In addition, we also address the limitations and future trends of these porous organic materials in pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanqiong Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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44
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Karimi D, Khajeh M, Oveisi AR, Bohlooli M, Khatibi A, Neyband RS, Luque R. Sulfur-functionalized porphyrin-based covalent organic framework as a metal-free dual-functional catalyst for photodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides under visible-LED-light. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122109. [PMID: 37379874 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Parathion and diazinon are two significant organophosphorus pesticides broadly used in agriculture. However, these compounds are toxic and can enter into the environment and atmosphere via various processes. Herein, we synthesized and post-functionalized a porphyrinic covalent organic framework (COF), COF-366, with elemental sulfur under solvent-free conditions to give polysulfide-functionalized COF-366, namely PS@COF. The resulting material consisting of porphyrin sensitizer and sulfur nucleophilic sites was used as a dual-functional heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of these organic compounds using visible-LED-light. Accordingly, the effects of several pertinent parameters such as pH (3-9), the catalyst dosage (5-30 mg), time (up to 80 min), and substrate concentration (10-50 mg L-1) were studied in detail and optimized. The post-modified COF showed excellent photocatalytic activity (>97%) in the detoxification of diazinon and parathion for 60 min at pH 5.5. Kinetic studies indicated a fast degradation rate with pseudo-second order model for 20 mg L-1 of diazinon and parathion. The total organic carbon detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmed the organic intermediates and byproducts formed during the process. PS@COF displayed good recyclability and high reusable efficiency for six cycles without a noteworthy lose in its catalytic activity, owing to its robust structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mostafa Khajeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mousa Bohlooli
- Department of Cell & Molecular Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khatibi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Sadat Neyband
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Rafael Luque
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya str., 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador
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45
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Chang K, Huang H, Meng Y, Ju Z, Song H, Zhang L, Niu X, Li ZJ. Synthesis of a pyridine-based covalent organic framework as an efficient adsorbent for rhodamine B removal. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23682-23689. [PMID: 37555096 PMCID: PMC10405783 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04184k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), featured with crystalline structures, permanent porosity, and designable organic skeletons, are good candidates for serving as adsorbents. Herein, a new pyridine-based two-dimensional COF (TAPP-DBTA-COF) was constructed via the condensation of 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)pyridine and 2,5-dibromobenzene-1,4-dicarbaldehyde. TAPP-DBTA-COF displayed high-performance for the removal of rhodamine B (Rh B) from water with high capacity, good adaptability and reusability. The maximum adsorption capacity for Rh B can reach up to 1254 mg g-1, and the kinetic constant was determined as k2 = 0.00244 g mg-1 min-1. Moreover, the corresponding amorphous polymer of TAPP-DBTA-COF, termed as TAPP-DBTA-COP, was synthesized from the same starting materials. The lower efficiency of TAPP-DBTA-COP in capture of Rh B revealed that the ordered pore structure, large specific surface area and rich adsorption sites play an important role in adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejian Chang
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Huang
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Yuandong Meng
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Zidan Ju
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Song
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Niu
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Li
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Longdong University Qingyang Gansu 745000 P. R. China
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Vardhan H, Rummer G, Deng A, Ma S. Large-Scale Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks: Challenges and Opportunities. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:696. [PMID: 37623757 PMCID: PMC10456518 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Connecting organic building blocks by covalent bonds to design porous crystalline networks has led to covalent organic frameworks (COFs), consequently transferring the flexibility of dynamic linkages from discrete architectures to extended structures. By virtue of the library of organic building blocks and the diversity of dynamic linkages and topologies, COFs have emerged as a novel field of organic materials that propose a platform for tailor-made complex structural design. Progress over the past two decades in the design, synthesis, and functional exploration of COFs in diverse applications successively established these frameworks in materials chemistry. The large-scale synthesis of COFs with uniform structures and properties is of profound importance for commercialization and industrial applications; however, this is in its infancy at present. An innovative designing and synthetic approaches have paved novel ways to address future hurdles. This review article highlights the fundamental of COFs, including designing principles, coupling reactions, topologies, structural diversity, synthetic strategies, characterization, growth mechanism, and activation aspects of COFs. Finally, the major challenges and future trends for large-scale COF fabrication are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Vardhan
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Grace Rummer
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Angela Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Mokhtari N, Dinari M, Khosravi Esmaeiltarkhani F. Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Biocompatible and pH-Dependent Carrier for In Vitro Sustained Release of Doxorubicin. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25565-25573. [PMID: 37483239 PMCID: PMC10357574 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the novel drug delivery systems (DDSs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show promising features in pharmaceutical science. In this paper, an imine-linked COF with hexagonal topology was synthesized using the autoclave condition. Then, the prepared COF (APB-COF) was used as a pH-dependent carrier for in vitro release of doxorubicin (DOX). The intrinsic properties of APB-COF caused reaching an excellent drug encapsulation efficiency. DOX@APB-COF shows an exemplary pH-dependent release in two different pHs. DOX release at pH = 7.4 was 32%, which increased to 54% by changing the pH to the cancer cell pH (pH = 5.4). Moreover, the cytotoxicity of APB-COF and DOX@APB-COF was studied using the standard MTT test against MCF10 (normal breast cell line) and MDAmb231 cells (breast cancer cell line), respectively. It was observed that the APB-COF does not affect cell proliferation, whereas the DOX@APB-COF only limits cancer cell proliferation. Using APB-COF as the drug carrier can pave the way for using COFs in innovative DDSs.
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Xia C, Joo SW, Hojjati-Najafabadi A, Xie H, Wu Y, Mashifana T, Vasseghian Y. Latest advances in layered covalent organic frameworks for water and wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138580. [PMID: 37019401 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of recent progress in the development of layered covalent organic frameworks (LCOFs) for the adsorption and degradation of pollutants in water and wastewater treatment. LCOFs have unique properties such as high surface area, porosity, and tunability, which make them attractive adsorbents and catalysts for water and wastewater treatment. The review covers the different synthesis methods for LCOFs, including self-assembly, co-crystallization, template-directed synthesis, covalent organic polymerization (COP), and solvothermal synthesis. It also covers the structural and chemical characteristics of LCOFs, their adsorption and degradation capacity for different pollutants, and their comparison with other adsorbents and catalysts. Additionally, it discussed the mechanism of adsorption and degradation by LCOFs, the potential applications of LCOFs in water and wastewater treatment, case studies and pilot-scale experiments, challenges, and limitations of using LCOFs, and future research directions. The current state of research on LCOFs for water and wastewater treatment is promising, however, more research is needed to improve their performance and practicality. The review highlights that LCOFs have the potential to significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of current water and wastewater treatment methods and can also have implications for policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, PR China
| | - Huan Xie
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yingji Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Tebogo Mashifana
- The University of Johannesburg, Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2088, South Africa
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
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49
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Yang L, Shao L, Wu Z, Zhan P, Zhang L. Design and Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers: Promising Catalysts for Lignocellulose Conversion to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Derivates. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2630. [PMID: 37376276 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the face of the current energy and environmental problems, the full use of biomass resources instead of fossil energy to produce a series of high-value chemicals has great application prospects. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which can be synthesized from lignocellulose as a raw material, is an important biological platform molecule. Its preparation and the catalytic oxidation of subsequent products have important research significance and practical value. In the actual production process, porous organic polymer (POP) catalysts are highly suitable for biomass catalytic conversion due to their high efficiency, low cost, good designability, and environmentally friendly features. Here, we briefly describe the application of various types of POPs (including COFs, PAFs, HCPs, and CMPs) in the preparation and catalytic conversion of HMF from lignocellulosic biomass and analyze the influence of the structural properties of catalysts on the catalytic performance. Finally, we summarize some challenges that POPs catalysts face in biomass catalytic conversion and prospect the important research directions in the future. This review provides valuable references for the efficient conversion of biomass resources into high-value chemicals in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lishu Shao
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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50
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Zhu D, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Yan Q, Wu H, Liu CY, Wang X, Alemany LB, Gao G, Senftle TP, Peng Y, Wu X, Verduzco R. Three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with pto and mhq-z topologies based on Tri- and tetratopic linkers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2865. [PMID: 37208348 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess higher surface areas, more abundant pore channels, and lower density compared to their two-dimensional counterparts which makes the development of 3D COFs interesting from a fundamental and practical point of view. However, the construction of highly crystalline 3D COF remains challenging. At the same time, the choice of topologies in 3D COFs is limited by the crystallization problem, the lack of availability of suitable building blocks with appropriate reactivity and symmetries, and the difficulties in crystalline structure determination. Herein, we report two highly crystalline 3D COFs with pto and mhq-z topologies designed by rationally selecting rectangular-planar and trigonal-planar building blocks with appropriate conformational strains. The pto 3D COFs show a large pore size of 46 Å with an extremely low calculated density. The mhq-z net topology is solely constructed from totally face-enclosed organic polyhedra displaying a precise uniform micropore size of 1.0 nm. The 3D COFs show a high CO2 adsorption capacity at room temperature and can potentially serve as promising carbon capture adsorbents. This work expands the choice of accessible 3D COF topologies, enriching the structural versatility of COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-362, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-325, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-362, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Qianqian Yan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-325, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Han Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Chun-Yen Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-362, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lawrence B Alemany
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-325, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Thomas P Senftle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-362, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yongwu Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-362, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-325, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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