1
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La Spada G, Miniero DV, Rullo M, Cipolloni M, Delre P, Colliva C, Colella M, Leonetti F, Liuzzi GM, Mangiatordi GF, Giacchè N, Pisani L. Structure-based design of multitargeting ChEs-MAO B inhibitors based on phenyl ring bioisosteres: AChE/BChE selectivity switch and drug-like characterization. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 274:116511. [PMID: 38820854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
A structure-based drug design approach was focused on incorporating phenyl ring heterocyclic bioisosteres into coumarin derivative 1, previously reported as potent dual AChE-MAO B inhibitor, with the aim of improving drug-like features. Structure-activity relationships highlighted that bioisosteric rings were tolerated by hMAO B enzymatic cleft more than hAChE. Interestingly, linker homologation at the basic nitrogen enabled selectivity to switch from hAChE to hBChE. In the present work, we identified thiophene-based isosteres 7 and 15 as dual AChE-MAO B (IC50 = 261 and 15 nM, respectively) and BChE-MAO B (IC50 = 375 and 20 nM, respectively) inhibitors, respectively. Both 7 and 15 were moderately water-soluble and membrane-permeant agents by passive diffusion (PAMPA-HDM). Moreover, they were able to counteract oxidative damage induced by both H2O2 and 6-OHDA in SH-SY5Y cells and predicted to penetrate into CNS in a cell-based model mimicking blood-brain barrier. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations shed light on key differences in AChE and BChE recognition processes promoted by the basic chain homologation from 7 to 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella La Spada
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Rullo
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Cipolloni
- Tes Pharma s.r.l., via Palmiro Togliatti 20, 06073, Corciano, PG, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Carolina Colliva
- Tes Pharma s.r.l., via Palmiro Togliatti 20, 06073, Corciano, PG, Italy
| | - Marco Colella
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Giacchè
- Tes Pharma s.r.l., via Palmiro Togliatti 20, 06073, Corciano, PG, Italy
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Dept. of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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2
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Pont C, Sampietro A, Pérez-Areales FJ, Cristiano N, Albalat A, Pérez B, Bartolini M, De Simone A, Andrisano V, Barenys M, Teixidó E, Sabaté R, Loza MI, Brea J, Muñoz-Torrero D. Stepwise Structural Simplification of the Dihydroxyanthraquinone Moiety of a Multitarget Rhein-Based Anti-Alzheimer Lead to Improve Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Properties. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:982. [PMID: 39204327 PMCID: PMC11359831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Multitarget compounds have emerged as promising drug candidates to cope with complex multifactorial diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most multitarget compounds are designed by linking two pharmacophores through a tether chain (linked hybrids), which results in rather large molecules that are particularly useful to hit targets with large binding cavities, but at the expense of suffering from suboptimal physicochemical/pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular size reduction by removal of superfluous structural elements while retaining the key pharmacophoric motifs may represent a compromise solution to achieve both multitargeting and favorable physicochemical/PK properties. Here, we report the stepwise structural simplification of the dihydroxyanthraquinone moiety of a rhein-huprine hybrid lead by hydroxy group removal-ring contraction-ring opening-ring removal, which has led to new analogs that retain or surpass the potency of the lead on its multiple AD targets while exhibiting more favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) properties and safety profile. In particular, the most simplified acetophenone analog displays dual nanomolar inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 6 nM and 13 nM, respectively), moderately potent inhibition of human BACE-1 (48% inhibition at 15 µM) and Aβ42 and tau aggregation (73% and 68% inhibition, respectively, at 10 µM), favorable in vitro brain permeation, higher aqueous solubility (18 µM) and plasma stability (100/96/86% remaining in human/mouse/rat plasma after 6 h incubation), and lower acute toxicity in a model organism (zebrafish embryos; LC50 >> 100 µM) than the initial lead, thereby confirming the successful lead optimization by structural simplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pont
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Sampietro
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Pérez-Areales
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nunzia Cristiano
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Albalat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, I-47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marta Barenys
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabet Teixidó
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Isabel Loza
- BioFarma Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Brea
- BioFarma Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Chvojkova M, Kolar D, Kovacova K, Cejkova L, Misiachna A, Hakenova K, Gorecki L, Horak M, Korabecny J, Soukup O, Vales K. Pro-cognitive effects of dual tacrine derivatives acting as cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116821. [PMID: 38823278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options for Alzheimer's disease are limited. Dual compounds targeting two pathways concurrently may enable enhanced effect. The study focuses on tacrine derivatives inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and simultaneously N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Compounds with balanced inhibitory potencies for the target proteins (K1578 and K1599) or increased potency for AChE (K1592 and K1594) were studied to identify the most promising pro-cognitive compound. Their effects were studied in cholinergic (scopolamine-induced) and glutamatergic (MK-801-induced) rat models of cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze. Moreover, the impacts on locomotion in the open field and AChE activity in relevant brain structures were investigated. The effect of the most promising compound on NMDA receptors was explored by in vitro electrophysiology. The cholinergic antagonist scopolamine induced a deficit in memory acquisition, however, it was unaffected by the compounds, and a deficit in reversal learning that was alleviated by K1578 and K1599. K1578 and K1599 significantly inhibited AChE in the striatum, potentially explaining the behavioral observations. The glutamatergic antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) induced a deficit in memory acquisition, which was alleviated by K1599. K1599 also mitigated the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion in the open field. In vitro patch-clamp corroborated the K1599-associated NMDA receptor inhibitory effect. K1599 emerged as the most promising compound, demonstrating pro-cognitive efficacy in both models, consistent with intended dual effect. We conclude that tacrine has the potential for development of derivatives with dual in vivo effects. Our findings contributed to the elucidation of the structural and functional properties of tacrine derivatives associated with optimal in vivo pro-cognitive efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Chvojkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic.
| | - David Kolar
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kovacova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava 4 842 15, Slovak Republic
| | - Lada Cejkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Misiachna
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 2 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Hakenova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, Prague 10 100 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Gorecki
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, Prague 10 100 00, Czech Republic
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4
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Lembo V, Bottegoni G. Systematic Investigation of Dual-Target-Directed Ligands. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10374-10385. [PMID: 38843874 PMCID: PMC11215722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) are compounds rationally designed to affect multiple targets, aiming for a better therapeutic profile. For over 20 years, MTDLs have garnered increasing attention, the idea being that their full potential would have been achieved, thanks to unprecedented target combinations and advanced medicinal chemistry strategies. This study presents a literature mining effort resulting in a data set of dual-target-directed ligands (DTDLs), the fundamental example of MTDLs. We used this data set to evaluate the rationale behind target selection and the chemical novelty of DTDLs targeting specific protein combinations. Our analysis focused on DTDL targets in terms of biological function, disease association, structure, and chemogenomic traits. We also compared DTDLs with single-target compounds. We found that well-known target pathology associations often guide DTDL design, leveraging existing chemical scaffolds and binding pocket similarities. These findings highlight the current state of the field and suggest substantial untapped potential for rational polypharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Lembo
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Università
degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Computational
and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego
30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bottegoni
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Università
degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- Institute
of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K.
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5
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Santini A, Tassinari E, Poeta E, Loi M, Ciani E, Trazzi S, Piccarducci R, Daniele S, Martini C, Pagliarani B, Tarozzi A, Bersani M, Spyrakis F, Danková D, Olsen CA, Soldati R, Tumiatti V, Montanari S, De Simone A, Milelli A. First in Class Dual Non-ATP-Competitive Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β/Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as a Potential Therapeutic to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2099-2111. [PMID: 38747979 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent FDA approvals, Alzheimer's disease (AD) still represents an unmet medical need. Among the different available therapeutic approaches, the development of multitarget molecules represents one of the most widely pursued. In this work, we present a second generation of dual ligands directed toward highly networked targets that are deeply involved in the development of the disease, namely, Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β). The synthesized compounds are highly potent GSK-3β, HDAC2, and HDAC6 inhibitors with IC50 values in the nanomolar range of concentrations. Among them, compound 4 inhibits histone H3 and tubulin acetylation at 0.1 μM concentration, blocks hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and shows interesting immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. These features, together with its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and its favorable physical-chemical properties, make compound 4 a promising hit for the development of innovative disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Santini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassinari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Trazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rebecca Piccarducci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Pagliarani
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Matteo Bersani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Danková
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian A Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberto Soldati
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Serena Montanari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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6
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Sharma V, Chander Sharma P, Reang J, Yadav V, Kumar Tonk R, Majeed J, Sharma K. Impact of GSK-3β and CK-1δ on Wnt signaling pathway in alzheimer disease: A dual target approach. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107378. [PMID: 38643562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an enigmatic neurological illness that offers few treatment options. Recent exploration has highlighted the crucial connection of the Wnt signaling pathway in AD pathogenesis, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets. The present study focuses on the dual targeting of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and casein kinase-1δ (CK-1δ) within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway as a possible technique for AD intervention. GSK-3β and CK-1δ are multifunctional kinases known for their roles in tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid processing, and synaptic dysfunction, all of which are major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. They are intricately linked to Wnt signaling, which plays a pivotal part in sustaining neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway in AD contributes to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms by which GSK-3β and CK-1δ impact the Wnt signaling pathway, elucidating their roles in AD pathogenesis. We discuss the potential of small-molecule inhibitors along with their SAR studies along with the multi-targetd approach targeting GSK-3β and CK-1δ to modulate Wnt signaling and mitigate AD-related pathology. In summary, the dual targeting of GSK-3β and CK-1δ within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway presents an innovative and promising avenue for future AD therapies, offering new hope for patients and caregivers in the quest to combat this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | | | - Jurnal Reang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Jaseela Majeed
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Management, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Kalicharan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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7
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Abd El-Rahman YA, Chen PJ, ElHady AK, Chen SH, Lin HC, El-Gamil DS, Aboushady Y, Abadi AH, Engel M, Abdel-Halim M. Development of 5-hydroxybenzothiophene derivatives as multi-kinase inhibitors with potential anti-cancer activity. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1239-1254. [PMID: 38989990 PMCID: PMC11249150 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2342708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Chemoresistance in cancer challenges the classical therapeutic strategy of 'one molecule-one target'. To combat this, multi-target therapies that inhibit various cancer-relevant targets simultaneously are proposed. Methods & results: We introduce 5-hydroxybenzothiophene derivatives as effective multi-target kinase inhibitors, showing notable growth inhibitory activity across different cancer cell lines. Specifically, compound 16b, featuring a 5-hydroxybenzothiophene hydrazide scaffold, emerged as a potent inhibitor, displaying low IC50 values against key kinases and demonstrating significant anti-cancer effects, particularly against U87MG glioblastoma cells. It induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibited cell migration by modulating apoptotic markers. Conclusion: 16b represents a promising lead for developing new anti-cancer agents targeting multiple kinases with affinity to the hydroxybenzothiophene core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara A Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed K ElHady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 831301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Dalia S El-Gamil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, 12451, Egypt
| | - Youssef Aboushady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
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8
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Hu H, Serra C, Zhang W, Scrivo A, Fernández-Carasa I, Consiglio A, Aytes A, Pujana MA, Llebaria A, Antolin AA. Identification of differential biological activity and synergy between the PARP inhibitor rucaparib and its major metabolite. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:973-988.e4. [PMID: 38335967 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The (poly)pharmacology of drug metabolites is seldom comprehensively characterized in drug discovery. However, some drug metabolites can reach high plasma concentrations and display in vivo activity. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to comprehensively characterize the kinase polypharmacology of M324, the major metabolite of the PARP1 inhibitor rucaparib. We demonstrate that M324 displays unique PLK2 inhibition at clinical concentrations. This kinase activity could have implications for the efficacy and safety of rucaparib and therefore warrants further clinical investigation. Importantly, we identify synergy between the drug and the metabolite in prostate cancer models and a complete reduction of α-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. These activities could be harnessed in the clinic or open new drug discovery opportunities. The study reported here highlights the importance of characterizing the activity of drug metabolites to comprehensively understand drug response in the clinic and exploit our current drug arsenal in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Carme Serra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Aurora Scrivo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Carasa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alvaro Aytes
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert A Antolin
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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9
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Godara P, Reddy KS, Sahu W, Naik B, Srivastava V, Das R, Mahor A, Kumar P, Giri R, Anirudh J, Tak H, Banavath HN, Bhatt TK, Goyal AK, Prusty D. Structure-based virtual screening against multiple Plasmodium falciparum kinases reveals antimalarial compounds. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10770-z. [PMID: 38127294 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The continuous emergence of resistance against most frontline antimalarial drugs has led to countless deaths in malaria-endemic countries, counting 619,000 deaths in 2021, with mutation in drug targets being the sole cause. As mutation is correlated frequently with fitness cost, the likelihood of mutation emergence in multiple targets at a time is extremely low. Hence, multitargeting compounds may seem promising to address drug resistance issues with additional benefits like increased efficacy, improved safety profile, and the requirement of fewer pills compared to traditional single and combinational drugs. In this study, we attempted to use the High Throughput Virtual Screening approach to predict multitarget inhibitors against six chemically validated Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) kinases (PfPKG, PfMAP2, PfCDPK4, PfTMK, PfPK5, PfPI4K), resulting in 21 multitargeting hits. The molecular dynamic simulation of the top six complexes (Myricetin-MAP2, Quercetin-CDPK4, Myricetin-TMK, Quercetin-PKG, Salidroside-PK5, and Salidroside-PI4K) showed stable interactions. Moreover, hierarchical clustering reveals the structural divergence of the compounds from the existing antimalarials, indicating less chance of cross-resistance. Additionally, the top three hits were validated through parasite growth inhibition assays, with quercetin and myricetin exhibiting an IC50 value of 1.84 and 3.93 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Godara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - K Sony Reddy
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed University), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Welka Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed University), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Biswajit Naik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Varshita Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Rusham Das
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Ajay Mahor
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Prateek Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India
| | - Rajanish Giri
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India
| | - Jivanage Anirudh
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sport Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Harshita Tak
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sport Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Hemanth Naick Banavath
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sport Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Amit Kumar Goyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Dhaneswar Prusty
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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10
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Belosludtseva NV, Matveeva LA, Belosludtsev KN. Mitochondrial Dyshomeostasis as an Early Hallmark and a Therapeutic Target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16833. [PMID: 38069154 PMCID: PMC10706047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal multisystem disease characterized by progressive death of motor neurons, loss of muscle mass, and impaired energy metabolism. More than 40 genes are now known to be associated with ALS, which together account for the majority of familial forms of ALS and only 10% of sporadic ALS cases. To date, there is no consensus on the pathogenesis of ALS, which makes it difficult to develop effective therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondria, which play an important role in cellular homeostasis, are the earliest targets in ALS, and abnormalities in their structure and functions contribute to the development of bioenergetic stress and disease progression. Mitochondria are known to be highly dynamic organelles, and their stability is maintained through a number of key regulatory pathways. Mitochondrial homeostasis is dynamically regulated via mitochondrial biogenesis, clearance, fission/fusion, and trafficking; however, the processes providing "quality control" and distribution of the organelles are prone to dysregulation in ALS. Here, we systematically summarized changes in mitochondrial turnover, dynamics, calcium homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial transport and functions to provide in-depth insights into disease progression pathways, which may have a significant impact on current symptomatic therapies and personalized treatment programs for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila A. Matveeva
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
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11
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Veselov IM, Vinogradova DV, Maltsev AV, Shevtsov PN, Spirkova EA, Bachurin SO, Shevtsova EF. Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress as a Link between Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14450. [PMID: 37833898 PMCID: PMC10572926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to the problems of the common features linking metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease closely intersects with the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes development, and an important risk factor for both pathologies is aging. Common pathological mechanisms include both factors in the development of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and amyloidosis, as well as impaired mitochondrial dysfunctions and increasing cell death. The currently available drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have limited therapeutic efficacy. It is important to note that drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease, in particular acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, show a positive therapeutic potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, while drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes can also prevent a number of pathologies characteristic for Alzheimer's disease. A promising direction in the search for a strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease may be the creation of complex multi-target drugs that have neuroprotective potential and affect specific common targets for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elena F. Shevtsova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Chernogolovka 142432, Russia; (I.M.V.); (A.V.M.); (P.N.S.); (E.A.S.); (S.O.B.)
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12
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Yang X, Xu L, Yang L, Xu S. Research progress of STAT3-based dual inhibitors for cancer therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 91:117382. [PMID: 37369169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a transcription factor, regulates gene levels that are associated with cell survival, cell cycle, and immune reaction. It is correlated with the grade of malignancy and the development of various cancers and targeting STAT3 protein is a potentially promising therapeutic strategy for tumors. Over the past 20 years, various compounds have been found to directly inhibit STAT3 activity via different strategies. However, numerous difficulties exist in the development of STAT3 inhibitors, such as serious toxic effects, poor therapeutic effects, and intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. STAT3 inhibitors synergistically suppress cancer development with additional anti-tumor drugs, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors (IDO1i), histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), DNA inhibitors, pro-tumorigenic cytokine inhibitors (PTCi), NF-κB inhibitors, and tubulin inhibitors. Therefore, individual molecule- based dual-target inhibitors can be the candidate alternative or complementary treatment to overcome the disadvantages of just STAT3 or other targets as a monotherapy. In this review, we discuss the theoretical basis for formulating STAT3-based dual-target inhibitors and also summarize their structure-activity relationships (SARs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shaohong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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13
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Pasieka A, Panek D, Zaręba P, Sługocka E, Gucwa N, Espargaró A, Latacz G, Khan N, Bucki A, Sabaté R, Więckowska A, Malawska B. Novel drug-like fluorenyl derivatives as selective butyrylcholinesterase and β-amyloid inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 88-89:117333. [PMID: 37236021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation remain important biological target and mechanism in the search for effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Simultaneous inhibition thereof by the application of multifunctional agents may lead to improvement in terms of symptoms and causes of the disease. Here, we present the rational design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling studies of novel series of fluorene-based BuChE and Aβ inhibitors with drug-like characteristics and advantageous Central Nervous System Multiparameter Optimization scores. Among 17 synthesized and tested compounds, we identified 22 as the most potent eqBuChE inhibitor with IC50 of 38 nM and 37.4% of Aβ aggregation inhibition at 10 μM. Based on molecular modelling studies, including molecular dynamics, we determined the binding mode of the compounds within BuChE and explained the differences in the activity of the two enantiomers of compound 22. A novel series of fluorenyl compounds meeting the drug-likeness criteria seems to be a promising starting point for further development as anti-Alzheimer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Emilia Sługocka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Łazarza St., 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Gucwa
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Departement of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St., 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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14
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Yang X, Xu L, Yang L. Recent advances in EZH2-based dual inhibitors in the treatment of cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115461. [PMID: 37156182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) protein is the catalytic subunit of one of the histone methyltransferases. EZH2 catalyzes the trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) and further alters downstream target levels. EZH2 is upregulated in cancer tissues, wherein its levels correlate strongly with cancer genesis, progression, metastasis, and invasion. Consequently, it has emerged as a novel anticancer therapeutic target. Nonetheless, developing EZH2 inhibitors (EZH2i) has encountered numerous difficulties, such as pre-clinical drug resistance and poor therapeutic effect. The EZH2i synergistically suppresses cancers when used in combination with additional antitumor drugs, such as PARP inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, BRD4 inhibitors, EZH1 inhibitors, and EHMT2 inhibitors. Typically, the use of dual inhibitors of two different targets mediated by one individual molecule has been recognized as the preferred approach for overcoming the limitations of EZH2 monotherapy. The present review discusses the theoretical basis for designing EZH2-based dual-target inhibitors, and also describes some in vitro and in vivo analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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15
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Martins MM, Branco PS, Ferreira LM. Enhancing the Therapeutic Effect in Alzheimer's Disease Drugs: The role of Polypharmacology and Cholinesterase inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Margarida Martins
- Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology Campus da Caparica 2825-149 Caparica Portugal
| | - Paula S. Branco
- Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology Campus da Caparica 2825-149 Caparica Portugal
| | - Luísa M. Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology Campus da Caparica 2825-149 Caparica Portugal
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16
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Xu M, Ma X, Ye Z, Wang F, Xu S, Zhang CJ. Concentration-Dependent Enrichment Identifies Primary Protein Targets of Multitarget Bioactive Molecules. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:802-811. [PMID: 36716354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multitarget bioactive molecules (MBMs) are of increasing importance in drug discovery as they could produce high efficacy and a low chance of resistance. Several advanced approaches of quantitative proteomics were developed to accurately identify the protein targets of MBMs, but little study has been carried out in a sequential manner to identify primary protein targets (PPTs) of MBMs. This set of proteins will first interact with MBMs in the temporal order and play an important role in the mode of action of MBMs, especially when MBMs are at low concentrations. Herein, we describe a valuable observation that the result of the enrichment process is highly dependent on concentrations of the probe and the proteome. Interestingly, high concentrations of probe and low concentrations of incubated proteome will readily miss the hyper-reactive protein targets and thereby increase the probability of rendering PPTs with false-negative results, while low concentrations of probe and high concentrations of incubated proteome more than likely will capture the PPTs. Based on this enlightening observation, we developed a proof-of-concept approach to identify the PPTs of iodoacetamide, a thiol-reactive MBM. This study will deepen our understanding of the enrichment process and improve the accuracy of pull-down-guided target identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xingyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chong-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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17
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Biological Evaluation of Valeriana Extracts from Argentina with Potent Cholinesterase Inhibition for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Comorbidities-The Case of Valeriana carnosa Sm. (Caprifoliaceae) Studied in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010129. [PMID: 36678626 PMCID: PMC9861714 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder whose pathophysiology includes the abnormal accumulation of proteins (e.g., β-amyloid), oxidative stress, and alterations in neurotransmitter levels, mainly acetylcholine. Here we present a comparative study of the effect of extracts obtained from endemic Argentinian species of valerians, namely V. carnosa Sm., V. clarionifolia Phil. and V. macrorhiza Poepp. ex DC from Patagonia and V. ferax (Griseb.) Höck and V. effusa Griseb., on different AD-related biological targets. Of these anxiolytic, sedative and sleep-inducing valerians, V. carnosa proved the most promising and was assayed in vivo. All valerians inhibited acetylcholinesterase (IC50 between 1.08-12.69 mg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 between 0.0019-1.46 mg/mL). They also inhibited the aggregation of β-amyloid peptide, were able to chelate Fe2+ ions, and exhibited a direct relationship between antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. Moreover, V. carnosa was able to inhibit human monoamine oxidase A (IC50: 0.286 mg/mL (0.213-0.384)). A daily intake of aqueous V. carnosa extract by male Swiss mice (50 and 150 mg/kg/day) resulted in anxiolytic and antidepressant-like behavior and improved spatial memory. In addition, decreased AChE activity and oxidative stress markers were observed in treated mouse brains. Our studies contribute to the development of indigenous herbal medicines as therapeutic agents for AD.
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18
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8- Hydroxyquinolylnitrones as multifunctional ligands for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2152-2175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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19
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The Use of Zidovudine Pharmacophore in Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for AIDS Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238502. [PMID: 36500608 PMCID: PMC9738661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of polypharmacology embraces multiple drugs combined in a therapeutic regimen (drug combination or cocktail), fixed dose combinations (FDCs), and a single drug that binds to different targets (multi-target drug). A polypharmacology approach is widely applied in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), providing life-saving therapies for millions of people living with HIV. Despite the success in viral load suppression and patient survival of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the development of new drugs has become imperative, owing to the emergence of resistant strains and poor adherence to cART. 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine, also known as azidothymidine or zidovudine (AZT), is a widely applied starting scaffold in the search for new compounds, due to its good antiretroviral activity. Through the medicinal chemistry tool of molecular hybridization, AZT has been included in the structure of several compounds allowing for the development of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) as antiretrovirals. This review aims to systematically explore and critically discuss AZT-based compounds as potential MTDLs for the treatment of AIDS. The review findings allowed us to conclude that: (i) AZT hybrids are still worth exploring, as they may provide highly active compounds targeting different steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle; (ii) AZT is a good starting point for the preparation of co-drugs with enhanced cell permeability.
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20
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Kladnik J, Dolinar A, Kljun J, Perea D, Grau-Expósito J, Genescà M, Novinec M, Buzon MJ, Turel I. Zinc pyrithione is a potent inhibitor of PL Pro and cathepsin L enzymes with ex vivo inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2158-2168. [PMID: 35943189 PMCID: PMC9367663 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione (1a), together with its analogues 1b–h and ruthenium pyrithione complex 2a, were synthesised and evaluated for the stability in biologically relevant media and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Zinc pyrithione revealed potent in vitro inhibition of cathepsin L (IC50=1.88 ± 0.49 µM) and PLPro (IC50=0.50 ± 0.07 µM), enzymes involved in SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication, respectively, as well as antiviral entry and replication properties in an ex vivo system derived from primary human lung tissue. Zinc complexes 1b–h expressed comparable in vitro inhibition. On the contrary, ruthenium complex 2a and the ligand pyrithione a itself expressed poor inhibition in mentioned assays, indicating the importance of the selection of metal core and structure of metal complex for antiviral activity. Safe, effective, and preferably oral at-home therapeutics for COVID-19 are needed and as such zinc pyrithione, which is also commercially available, could be considered as a potential therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerneja Kladnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Dolinar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Perea
- Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR Task Force COVID-19, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Grau-Expósito
- Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR Task Force COVID-19, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Genescà
- Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR Task Force COVID-19, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marko Novinec
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria J Buzon
- Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, VHIR Task Force COVID-19, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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21
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Benítez-Fernández R, Gil C, Guaza C, Mestre L, Martínez A. The Dual PDE7-GSK3β Inhibitor, VP3.15, as Neuroprotective Disease-Modifying Treatment in a Model of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214378. [PMID: 36430856 PMCID: PMC9694690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune and degenerative disease with axonal damage and demyelination as its main features. Its dual neurological and autoimmune nature makes it a disease that is difficult to treat. Treatments that simultaneously stop the immune response while protecting and repairing the nervous system are urgent. That is of utmost importance for the primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), a rare and severe variant of MS, characterized by worsening neurological function from the onset of symptoms. In this sense, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) have recently shown great therapeutic potential for the treatment of demyelinating diseases. Here we investigated a dual inhibitor of these two targets, the small molecule VP3.15, in a preclinical model, which resembles primary-progressive MS (PPMS), the Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinated disease (TMEV-IDD). In our study, VP3.15 ameliorates the disease course improving motor deficits of infected mice. Chronic treatment with VP3.15 also showed significant efficacy in the immunomodulation process, as well as in the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendroglial precursors, improving the preservation of myelin and axonal integrity. Therefore, our results support a treatment with the safe VP3.15 as an integrative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Benítez-Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guaza
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leyre Mestre
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-918-703-112 (A.M.)
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-918-703-112 (A.M.)
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22
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Salerno A, Seghetti F, Caciolla J, Uliassi E, Testi E, Guardigni M, Roberti M, Milelli A, Bolognesi ML. Enriching Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras with a Second Modality: When Two Are Better Than One. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9507-9530. [PMID: 35816671 PMCID: PMC9340767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC)-mediated protein degradation has prompted a radical rethink and is at a crucial stage in driving a drug discovery transition. To fully harness the potential of this technology, a growing paradigm toward enriching PROTACs with other therapeutic modalities has been proposed. Could researchers successfully combine two modalities to yield multifunctional PROTACs with an expanded profile? In this Perspective, we try to answer this question. We discuss how this possibility encompasses different approaches, leading to multitarget PROTACs, light-controllable PROTACs, PROTAC conjugates, and macrocycle- and oligonucleotide-based PROTACs. This possibility promises to further enhance PROTAC efficacy and selectivity, minimize side effects, and hit undruggable targets. While PROTACs have reached the clinical investigation stage, additional steps must be taken toward the translational development of multifunctional PROTACs. A deeper and detailed understanding of the most critical challenges is required to fully exploit these opportunities and decisively enrich the PROTAC toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Salerno
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Seghetti
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Caciolla
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Testi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Melissa Guardigni
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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23
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Identification of New Toxicity Mechanisms in Drug-Induced Liver Injury through Systems Pharmacology. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071292. [PMID: 35886075 PMCID: PMC9315637 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among adverse drug reactions, drug-induced liver injury presents particular challenges because of its complexity, and the underlying mechanisms are still not completely characterized. Our knowledge of the topic is limited and based on the assumption that a drug acts on one molecular target. We have leveraged drug polypharmacology, i.e., the ability of a drug to bind multiple targets and thus perturb several biological processes, to develop a systems pharmacology platform that integrates all drug–target interactions. Our analysis sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of drugs involved in drug-induced liver injury and provides new hypotheses to study this phenomenon.
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24
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Discovery of carbamate-based N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives as novel pleiotropic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105993. [PMID: 35834980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, based on the potential anti-AD molecule previously studied by our group, we continue to introduce different substituents at different positions to improve both drug-like properties and on target activities. 33 N-salicyloyl tryptamine-carbamate hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated as cholinesterase inhibitors. H327 was the most potent BChE inhibitor (eqBChE IC50 = 0.057 ± 0.005 μM), and showed threefold improved inhibitory potency than the positive drug rivastigmine (eqBChE IC50 = 0.19 ± 0.001 μM). In addition, H327 as a pseudo-irreversible BChE inhibitor was endowed with neuroprotective, antioxidative and anti-neuroinflammatory properties. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity tests confirmed the safety of compound H327. The pharmacokinetics study showed that compound H327 had a longer T1/2 time and higher bioavailability than the lead compound 1 g. Compound H327 was able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vivo. Moreover, the behavioral tests showed that compound H327 could significantly improve scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in vivo. Overall, these results demonstrated that compound H327 is a promising multi-target agent for the treatment of AD.
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25
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The phytochemical diversity of commercial Cannabis in the United States. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267498. [PMID: 35588111 PMCID: PMC9119530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The legal status of Cannabis is changing, fueling an increasing diversity of Cannabis-derived products. Because Cannabis contains dozens of chemical compounds with potential psychoactive or medicinal effects, understanding this phytochemical diversity is crucial. The legal Cannabis industry heavily markets products to consumers based on widely used labeling systems purported to predict the effects of different "strains." We analyzed the cannabinoid and terpene content of commercial Cannabis samples across six US states, finding distinct chemical phenotypes (chemotypes) which are reliably present. By comparing the observed phytochemical diversity to the commercial labels commonly attached to Cannabis-derived product samples, we show that commercial labels do not consistently align with the observed chemical diversity. However, certain labels do show a biased association with specific chemotypes. These results have implications for the classification of commercial Cannabis, design of animal and human research, and regulation of consumer marketing-areas which today are often divorced from the chemical reality of the Cannabis-derived material they wish to represent.
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26
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Zięba A, Stępnicki P, Matosiuk D, Kaczor AA. What are the challenges with multi-targeted drug design for complex diseases? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:673-683. [PMID: 35549603 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2072827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current findings on multifactorial diseases with a complex pathomechanism confirm that multi-target drugs are more efficient ways in treating them as opposed to single-target drugs. However, to design multi-target ligands, a number of factors and challenges must be taken into account. AREAS COVERED In this perspective, we summarize the concept of application of multi-target drugs for the treatment of complex diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, schizophrenia, diabetes, and cancer. We discuss the aspects of target selection for multifunctional ligands and the application of in silico methods in their design and optimization. Furthermore, we highlight other challenges such as balancing affinities to different targets and drug-likeness of obtained compounds. Finally, we present success stories in the design of multi-target ligands for the treatment of common complex diseases. EXPERT OPINION Despite numerous challenges resulting from the design of multi-target ligands, these efforts are worth making. Appropriate target selection, activity balancing, and ligand drug-likeness belong to key aspects in the design of ligands acting on multiple targets. It should be emphasized that in silico methods, in particular inverse docking, pharmacophore modeling, machine learning methods and approaches derived from network pharmacology are valuable tools for the design of multi-target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zięba
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Stępnicki
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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27
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Cell models for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease: At the interface of biology and drug discovery. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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28
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Valdés-Jiménez A, Jiménez-González D, Kiper AK, Rinné S, Decher N, González W, Reyes-Parada M, Núñez-Vivanco G. A New Strategy for Multitarget Drug Discovery/Repositioning Through the Identification of Similar 3D Amino Acid Patterns Among Proteins Structures: The Case of Tafluprost and its Effects on Cardiac Ion Channels. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855792. [PMID: 35370665 PMCID: PMC8971525 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of similar three-dimensional (3D) amino acid patterns among different proteins might be helpful to explain the polypharmacological profile of many currently used drugs. Also, it would be a reasonable first step for the design of novel multitarget compounds. Most of the current computational tools employed for this aim are limited to the comparisons among known binding sites, and do not consider several additional important 3D patterns such as allosteric sites or other conserved motifs. In the present work, we introduce Geomfinder2.0, which is a new and improved version of our previously described algorithm for the deep exploration and discovery of similar and druggable 3D patterns. As compared with the original version, substantial improvements that have been incorporated to our software allow: (i) to compare quaternary structures, (ii) to deal with a list of pairs of structures, (iii) to know how druggable is the zone where similar 3D patterns are detected and (iv) to significantly reduce the execution time. Thus, the new algorithm achieves up to 353x speedup as compared to the previous sequential version, allowing the exploration of a significant number of quaternary structures in a reasonable time. In order to illustrate the potential of the updated Geomfinder version, we show a case of use in which similar 3D patterns were detected in the cardiac ions channels NaV1.5 and TASK-1. These channels are quite different in terms of structure, sequence and function and both have been regarded as important targets for drugs aimed at treating atrial fibrillation. Finally, we describe the in vitro effects of tafluprost (a drug currently used to treat glaucoma, which was identified as a novel putative ligand of NaV1.5 and TASK-1) upon both ion channels’ activity and discuss its possible repositioning as a novel antiarrhythmic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Valdés-Jiménez
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulations and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
- Computer Architecture Department, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Jiménez-González
- Computer Architecture Department, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aytug K. Kiper
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rinné
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Niels Decher
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Wendy González
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulations and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- *Correspondence: Wendy González, ; Miguel Reyes-Parada, ; Gabriel Núñez-Vivanco,
| | - Miguel Reyes-Parada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica y Aplicada (CIBAP), Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
- *Correspondence: Wendy González, ; Miguel Reyes-Parada, ; Gabriel Núñez-Vivanco,
| | - Gabriel Núñez-Vivanco
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Tecnología, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique, Chile
- *Correspondence: Wendy González, ; Miguel Reyes-Parada, ; Gabriel Núñez-Vivanco,
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29
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Ekström F, Gottinger A, Forsgren N, Catto M, Iacovino LG, Pisani L, Binda C. Dual Reversible Coumarin Inhibitors Mutually Bound to Monoamine Oxidase B and Acetylcholinesterase Crystal Structures. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:499-506. [PMID: 35300078 PMCID: PMC8919507 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Multitarget directed
ligands (MTDLs) represent a promising frontier
in tackling the complexity of multifactorial pathologies. The synergistic
inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) and acetylcholinesterase
(AChE) is believed to provide a potentiated effect in the treatment
of Alzheimer’s disease. Among previously reported micromolar
or sub-micromolar coumarin-bearing dual inhibitors, compound 1 returned a tight-binding inhibition of MAO B (Ki = 4.5 μM) and a +5.5 °C
increase in the enzyme Tm value. Indeed,
the X-ray crystal structure revealed that binding of 1 produces unforeseen conformational changes at the MAO B entrance
cavity. Interestingly, 1 showed great shape complementarity
with the AChE enzymatic gorge, being deeply buried from the catalytic
anionic subsite (CAS) to the peripheral anionic subsite (PAS) and
causing significant structural changes in the active site. These findings
provide structural templates for further development of dual MAO B
and AChE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Ekström
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå 901 82, Sweden
| | - Andrea Gottinger
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Nina Forsgren
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umeå 901 82, Sweden
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca G. Iacovino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Binda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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30
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Wu S, Huang Y, Wang T, Li K, Lu J, Huang M, Dong G, Sheng C. Evodiamine-Inspired Topoisomerase-Histone Deacetylase Dual Inhibitors: Novel Orally Active Antitumor Agents for Leukemia Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4818-4831. [PMID: 35238576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the synergism of topoisomerase (Top) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in antitumor therapy, a series of novel Top/HDAC dual inhibitors were designed and synthesized by the pharmacophore fusion strategy. After systematic structure-activity relationship studies, lead compound 16j was identified to simultaneously inhibit both Top and HDAC with good potency, which showed potent antiproliferative activities with a broad spectrum. Mechanistic studies indicated that compound 16j efficiently induced apoptosis with S cell-cycle arrest in HEL cancer cells. It was orally active in HEL xenograft models and exhibited excellent in vivo antitumor efficacy (TGI = 68.5%; 10 mg/kg). Altogether, this work highlights the therapeutic potential of evodiamine-inspired Top/HDAC dual inhibitors and provides a valuable lead compound for the development of novel antitumor agents for leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanchao Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yahui Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keliang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junjie Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Min Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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31
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Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Boltneva NP, Rudakova EV, Lushchekina SV, Astakhova TY, Serkov IV, Proshin AN, Radchenko EV, Palyulin VA, Korabecny J, Soukup O, Bachurin SO, Richardson RJ. Bis-Amiridines as Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors: N-Functionalization Determines the Multitarget Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity Profile. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031060. [PMID: 35164325 PMCID: PMC8839189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two ways of functionalizing amiridine—acylation with chloroacetic acid chloride and reaction with thiophosgene—we have synthesized new homobivalent bis-amiridines joined by two different spacers—bis-N-acyl-alkylene (3) and bis-N-thiourea-alkylene (5) —as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). All compounds exhibited high inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with selectivity for BChE. These new agents displayed negligible carboxylesterase inhibition, suggesting a probable lack of untoward drug–drug interactions arising from hydrolytic biotransformation. Compounds 3 with bis-N-acyl-alkylene spacers were more potent inhibitors of both cholinesterases compared to compounds 5 and the parent amiridine. The lead compounds 3a–c exhibited an IC50(AChE) = 2.9–1.4 µM, IC50(BChE) = 0.13–0.067 µM, and 14–18% propidium displacement at 20 μM. Kinetic studies of compounds 3a and 5d indicated mixed-type reversible inhibition. Molecular docking revealed favorable poses in both catalytic and peripheral AChE sites. Propidium displacement from the peripheral site by the hybrids suggests their potential to hinder AChE-assisted Aβ42 aggregation. Conjugates 3 had no effect on Aβ42 self-aggregation, whereas compounds 5c–e (m = 4, 5, 6) showed mild (13–17%) inhibition. The greatest difference between conjugates 3 and 5 was their antioxidant activity. Bis-amiridines 3 with N-acylalkylene spacers were nearly inactive in ABTS and FRAP tests, whereas compounds 5 with thiourea in the spacers demonstrated high antioxidant activity, especially in the ABTS test (TEAC = 1.2–2.1), in agreement with their significantly lower HOMO-LUMO gap values. Calculated ADMET parameters for all conjugates predicted favorable blood–brain barrier permeability and intestinal absorption, as well as a low propensity for cardiac toxicity. Thus, it was possible to obtain amiridine derivatives whose potencies against AChE and BChE equaled (5) or exceeded (3) that of the parent compound, amiridine. Overall, based on their expanded and balanced pharmacological profiles, conjugates 5c–e appear promising for future optimization and development as multitarget anti-AD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Natalia P. Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Elena V. Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Yu. Astakhova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Igor V. Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Alexey N. Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Eugene V. Radchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Vladimir A. Palyulin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (O.S.)
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (O.S.)
| | - Sergey O. Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-936-0769
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Krivokolysko DS, Dotsenko VV, Bibik EY, Myazina AV, Krivokolysko SG, Vasilin VK, Pankov AA, Aksenov NA., Aksenova IV. Synthesis, Structure, and Analgesic Activity of 4-(5-Cyano-{4-(fur-2-yl)-1,4-dihydropyridin-3-yl}carboxamido)benzoic Acids Ethyl Esters. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221120306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Nam S, Lee S, Park S, Lee J, Park A, Kim YH, Park T. PATHOME-Drug: a subpathway-based polypharmacology drug-repositioning method. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:444-452. [PMID: 34515762 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Drug repositioning reveals novel indications for existing drugs and in particular, diseases with no available drugs. Diverse computational drug repositioning methods have been proposed by measuring either drug-treated gene expression signatures or the proximity of drug targets and disease proteins found in prior networks. However, these methods do not explain which signaling subparts allow potential drugs to be selected, and do not consider polypharmacology, i.e. multiple targets of a known drug, in specific subparts. RESULTS Here, to address the limitations, we developed a subpathway-based polypharmacology drug repositioning method, PATHOME-Drug, based on drug-associated transcriptomes. Specifically, this tool locates subparts of signaling cascading related to phenotype changes (e.g. disease status changes), and identifies existing approved drugs such that their multiple targets are enriched in the subparts. We show that our method demonstrated better performance for detecting signaling context and specific drugs/compounds, compared to WebGestalt and clusterProfiler, for both real biological and simulated datasets. We believe that our tool can successfully address the current shortage of targeted therapy agents. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The web-service is available at http://statgen.snu.ac.kr/software/pathome. The source codes and data are available at https://github.com/labnams/pathome-drug. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoon Nam
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 21565 Incheon, Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, 13120 Seongnam, Korea.,Gachon Institute of Genomic Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 21565 Incheon, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, 21999 Incheon, Korea
| | - Sungyoung Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080 Seoul, Korea.,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080 Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 21565 Incheon, Korea.,Gachon Institute of Genomic Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 21565 Incheon, Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Korean Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 34141 Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Bioinformatics, University of Sciences and Technology, 34113 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Aron Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, 21999 Incheon, Korea
| | - Yon Hui Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, 04763 Seoul, Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Korea.,Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Korea
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Polypharmacology: The science of multi-targeting molecules. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106055. [PMID: 34990865 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polypharmacology is a concept where a molecule can interact with two or more targets simultaneously. It offers many advantages as compared to the conventional single-targeting molecules. A multi-targeting drug is much more efficacious due to its cumulative efficacy at all of its individual targets making it much more effective in complex and multifactorial diseases like cancer, where multiple proteins and pathways are involved in the onset and development of the disease. For a molecule to be polypharmacologic in nature, it needs to possess promiscuity which is the ability to interact with multiple targets; and at the same time avoid binding to antitargets which would otherwise result in off-target adverse effects. There are certain structural features and physicochemical properties which when present would help researchers to predict if the designed molecule would possess promiscuity or not. Promiscuity can also be identified via advanced state-of-the-art computational methods. In this review, we also elaborate on the methods by which one can intentionally incorporate promiscuity in their molecules and make them polypharmacologic. The polypharmacology paradigm of "one drug-multiple targets" has numerous applications especially in drug repurposing where an already established drug is redeveloped for a new indication. Though designing a polypharmacological drug is much more difficult than designing a single-targeting drug, with the current technologies and information regarding different diseases and chemical functional groups, it is plausible for researchers to intentionally design a polypharmacological drug and unlock its advantages.
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Kamecki F, Knez D, Carvalho D, Marcucci C, Rademacher M, Higgs J, Žakelj S, Marcos A, de Tezanos Pinto F, Abin-Carriquiry JA, Gobec S, Colettis N, Marder M. Multitarget 2'-hydroxychalcones as potential drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and their comorbidities. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108837. [PMID: 34653442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) calls for multidirectional treatment. Restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs, MAO-A and MAO-B), in conjunction with strategies to counteract amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation, may constitute a therapeutically strong multi-target approach for the treatment of NDDs. Chalcones are a subgroup of flavonoids with a broad spectrum of biological activity. We report here the synthesis of 2'-hydroxychalcones as MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors. Compounds 5c (IC50 = 0.031 ± 0.001 μM), 5a (IC50 = 0.084 ± 0.003 μM), 2c (IC50 = 0.095 ± 0.019 μM) and 2a (IC50 = 0.111 ± 0.006 μM) were the most potent, selective and reversible inhibitors of human (h)MAO-B isoform. hMAO-B inhibitors 1a, 2a and 5a also inhibited murine MAO-B in vivo in mouse brain homogenates. Molecular modelling rationalised the binding mode of 2'-hydroxychalcones in the active site of hMAO-B. Additionally, several derivatives inhibited murine acetylcholinesterase (mAChE) (IC50 values from 4.37 ± 0.83 μM to 15.17 ± 6.03 μM) and reduced the aggregation propensity of Aβ. Moreover, some derivatives bound to the benzodiazepine binding site (BDZ-bs) of the γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors (1a and 2a with Ki = 4.9 ± 1.1 μM and 5.0 ± 1.1 μM, respectively), and exerted sedative and/or anxiolytic like effects on mice. The biological results reported here on 2'-hydroxychalcones provide an extension to previous studies on chalcone scaffold and show them as a potential treatment strategy for NDDs and their associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Kamecki
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Diego Carvalho
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Carolina Marcucci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marina Rademacher
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Josefina Higgs
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Simon Žakelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Alejandra Marcos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Felicitas de Tezanos Pinto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Andrés Abin-Carriquiry
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Natalia Colettis
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariel Marder
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wichur T, Godyń J, Góral I, Latacz G, Bucki A, Siwek A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Śniecikowska J, Walczak M, Knez D, Jukič M, Sałat K, Gobec S, Kołaczkowski M, Malawska B, Brazzolotto X, Więckowska A. Development and crystallography-aided SAR studies of multifunctional BuChE inhibitors and 5-HT 6R antagonists with β-amyloid anti-aggregation properties. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113792. [PMID: 34530376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lack of an effective treatment makes Alzheimer's disease a serious healthcare problem and a challenge for medicinal chemists. Herein we report interdisciplinary research on novel multifunctional ligands targeting proteins and processes involved in the development of the disease: BuChE, 5-HT6 receptors and β-amyloid aggregation. Structure-activity relationship analyses supported by crystallography and docking studies led to the identification of a fused-type multifunctional ligand 50, with remarkable and balanced potencies against BuChE (IC50 = 90 nM) and 5-HT6R (Ki = 4.8 nM), and inhibitory activity against Aβ aggregation (53% at 10 μM). In in vitro ADME-Tox and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies compound 50 showed good stability in the mouse liver microsomes, favourable safety profile and brain permeability with the brain to plasma ratio of 6.79 after p.o. administration in mice, thus being a promising candidate for in vivo pharmacology studies and a solid foundation for further research on effective anti-AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wichur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabella Góral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Bucki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Śniecikowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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37
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Pinzi L, Foschi F, Christodoulou MS, Passarella D, Rastelli G. Design and Synthesis of Hsp90 Inhibitors with B-Raf and PDHK1 Multi-Target Activity. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:1177-1185. [PMID: 34633754 PMCID: PMC8634768 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of multi-target ligands has become an innovative approach for the identification of effective therapeutic treatments against complex diseases, such as cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that the combined inhibition of Hsp90 and B-Raf provides synergistic effects against several types of cancers. Moreover, it has been reported that PDHK1, which presents an ATP-binding pocket similar to that of Hsp90, plays an important role in tumor initiation, maintenance and progression, participating also to the senescence process induced by B-Raf oncogenic proteins. Based on these premises, the simultaneous inhibition of these targets may provide several benefits for the treatment of cancer. In this work, we set up a design strategy including the assembly and integration of molecular fragments known to be important for binding to the Hsp90, PDHK1 and B-Raf targets, aided by molecular docking for the selection of a set of compounds potentially able to exert Hsp90-B-Raf-PDHK1 multi-target activities. The designed compounds were synthesized and experimentally validated in vitro. According to the in vitro assays, compounds 4 a, 4 d and 4 e potently inhibited Hsp90 and moderately inhibited the PDHK1 kinase. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to provide further insights into the structural basis of their multi-target activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pinzi
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaVia G. Campi 10341125ModenaItaly
| | - Francesca Foschi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | | | | | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaVia G. Campi 10341125ModenaItaly
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Jacobson KA, Salmaso V, Suresh RR, Tosh DK. Expanding the repertoire of methanocarba nucleosides from purinergic signaling to diverse targets. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1808-1825. [PMID: 34825182 PMCID: PMC8597424 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside derivatives are well represented as pharmaceuticals due to their druglike physicochemical properties, and some nucleoside drugs are designed to act on receptors. The purinergic signaling pathways for extracellular nucleosides and nucleotides, consisting of adenosine receptors, P2Y/P2X receptors for nucleotides, and enzymes such as adenosine (ribo)kinase, have been extensively studied. A general modification, i.e. a constrained, bicyclic ring system (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, also called methanocarba) substituted in place of a furanose ring, can increase nucleoside/nucleotide potency and/or selectivity at purinergic and antiviral targets and in interactions at diverse and unconventional targets. Compared to other common drug discovery scaffolds containing planar rings, methanocarba nucleosides display greater sp3 character (i.e. more favorable as drug-like molecules) and can manifest as sterically-constrained North (N) or South (S) conformations. Initially weak, off-target interactions of (N)-methanocarba adenosine derivatives were detected as leads that were structurally optimized to enhance activity and selectivity toward target proteins that normally do not recognize nucleosides. By this approach, novel modulators for 5HT2 serotonin and κ-opioid receptors, dopamine (DAT) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were found, and previously undetected antiviral activities were revealed. Thus, through methanocarba nucleoside synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and multi-target pharmacology, a robust purinergic receptor scaffold has been repurposed to satisfy the pharmacophoric requirements of various GPCRs, enzymes and transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +301 480 8422 +301 496 9024
| | - Veronica Salmaso
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +301 480 8422 +301 496 9024
| | - R Rama Suresh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +301 480 8422 +301 496 9024
| | - Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-0810 USA +301 480 8422 +301 496 9024
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Antolin AA, Clarke PA, Collins I, Workman P, Al-Lazikani B. Evolution of kinase polypharmacology across HSP90 drug discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1433-1445.e3. [PMID: 34077750 PMCID: PMC8550792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most small molecules interact with several target proteins but this polypharmacology is seldom comprehensively investigated or explicitly exploited during drug discovery. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to identify and systematically characterize the kinase cross-pharmacology of representative HSP90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that the resorcinol clinical candidates ganetespib and, to a lesser extent, luminespib, display unique off-target kinase pharmacology as compared with other HSP90 inhibitors. We also demonstrate that polypharmacology evolved during the optimization to discover luminespib and that the hit, leads, and clinical candidate all have different polypharmacological profiles. We therefore recommend the computational and experimental characterization of polypharmacology earlier in drug discovery projects to unlock new multi-target drug design opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Antolin
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
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40
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Zajdel P, Grychowska K, Mogilski S, Kurczab R, Satała G, Bugno R, Kos T, Gołębiowska J, Malikowska-Racia N, Nikiforuk A, Chaumont-Dubel S, Bantreil X, Pawłowski M, Martinez J, Subra G, Lamaty F, Marin P, Bojarski AJ, Popik P. Structure-Based Design and Optimization of FPPQ, a Dual-Acting 5-HT 3 and 5-HT 6 Receptor Antagonist with Antipsychotic and Procognitive Properties. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13279-13298. [PMID: 34467765 PMCID: PMC8474115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In line with recent clinical trials demonstrating that ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R) antagonist, ameliorates cognitive deficits of schizophrenia and the known procognitive effects of 5-HT6 receptor (5-HT6R) antagonists, we applied the hybridization strategy to design dual-acting 5-HT3/5-HT6R antagonists. We identified the first-in-class compound FPPQ, which behaves as a 5-HT3R antagonist and a neutral antagonist 5-HT6R of the Gs pathway. FPPQ shows selectivity over 87 targets and decent brain penetration. Likewise, FPPQ inhibits phencyclidine (PCP)-induced hyperactivity and displays procognitive properties in the novel object recognition task. In contrast to FPPQ, neither 5-HT6R inverse agonist SB399885 nor neutral 5-HT6R antagonist CPPQ reversed (PCP)-induced hyperactivity. Thus, combination of 5-HT3R antagonism and 5-HT6R antagonism, exemplified by FPPQ, contributes to alleviating the positive-like symptoms. Present findings reveal critical structural features useful in a rational polypharmacological approach to target 5-HT3/5-HT6 receptors and encourage further studies on dual-acting 5-HT3/5-HT6R antagonists for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Zajdel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grychowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Bugno
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kos
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Gołębiowska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Malikowska-Racia
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nikiforuk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Séverine Chaumont-Dubel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Bantreil
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Maciej Pawłowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jean Martinez
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Subra
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Marin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Popik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
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Mazej T, Knez D, Meden A, Gobec S, Sova M. 4-Phenethyl-1-Propargylpiperidine-Derived Dual Inhibitors of Butyrylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase B. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144118. [PMID: 34299393 PMCID: PMC8305717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) strategy is encouraged for the development of novel modulators targeting multiple pathways in the neurodegenerative cascade typical for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Based on the structure of an in-house irreversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, we aimed to introduce a carbamate moiety on the aromatic ring to impart cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition, and to furnish multifunctional ligands targeting two enzymes that are intricately involved in AD pathobiology. In this study, we synthesized three dual hMAO-B/hBChE inhibitors 13–15, with compound 15 exhibiting balanced, low micromolar inhibition of hMAO-B (IC50 of 4.3 µM) and hBChE (IC50 of 8.5 µM). The docking studies and time-dependent inhibition of hBChE confirmed the initial expectation that the introduced carbamate moiety is responsible for covalent inhibition. Therefore, dual-acting compound 15 represents an excellent starting point for further optimization of balanced MTDLs
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Design and In Vitro Study of a Dual Drug-Loaded Delivery System Produced by Electrospinning for the Treatment of Acute Injuries of the Central Nervous System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060848. [PMID: 34201089 PMCID: PMC8227370 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular and traumatic injuries of the central nervous system are recognized as global health priorities. A polypharmacology approach that is able to simultaneously target several injury factors by the combination of agents having synergistic effects appears to be promising. Herein, we designed a polymeric delivery system loaded with two drugs, ibuprofen (Ibu) and thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) to in vitro release the suitable amount of the anti-inflammation and the remyelination drug. As a production method, electrospinning technology was used. First, Ibu-loaded micro (diameter circa 0.95–1.20 µm) and nano (diameter circa 0.70 µm) fibers were produced using poly(l-lactide) PLLA and PLGA with different lactide/glycolide ratios (50:50, 75:25, and 85:15) to select the most suitable polymer and fiber diameter. Based on the in vitro release results and in-house knowledge, PLLA nanofibers (mean diameter = 580 ± 120 nm) loaded with both Ibu and T3 were then successfully produced by a co-axial electrospinning technique. The in vitro release studies demonstrated that the final Ibu/T3 PLLA system extended the release of both drugs for 14 days, providing the target sustained release. Finally, studies in cell cultures (RAW macrophages and neural stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells—OPCs) demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and promyelinating efficacy of the dual drug-loaded delivery platform.
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Zaher DM, Ramadan WS, El-Awady R, Omar HA, Hersi F, Srinivasulu V, Hachim IY, Al-Marzooq FI, Vazhappilly CG, Merali S, Merali C, Soares NC, Schilf P, Ibrahim SM, Al-Tel TH. A Novel Benzopyrane Derivative Targeting Cancer Cell Metabolic and Survival Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112840. [PMID: 34200264 PMCID: PMC8201054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Today, the discovery of novel anticancer agents with multitarget effects and high safety margins represents a high challenge. Drug discovery efforts indicated that benzopyrane scaffolds possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. This spurs on building a skeletally diverse library of benzopyranes to identify an anticancer lead drug candidate. Here, we aim to characterize the anticancer effect of a novel benzopyrane derivative, aiming to develop a promising clinical anticancer candidate. (2) Methods: The anticancer effect of SIMR1281 against a panel of cancer cell lines was tested. In vitro assays were performed to determine the effect of SIMR1281 on GSHR, TrxR, mitochondrial metabolism, DNA damage, cell cycle progression, and the induction of apoptosis. Additionally, SIMR1281 was evaluated in vivo for its safety and in a xenograft mice model. (3) Results: SIMR1281 strongly inhibits GSHR while it moderately inhibits TrxR and modulates the mitochondrial metabolism. SIMR1281 inhibits the cell proliferation of various cancers. The antiproliferative activity of SIMR1281 was mediated through the induction of DNA damage, perturbations in the cell cycle, and the inactivation of Ras/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Furthermore, SIMR1281 induced apoptosis and attenuated cell survival machinery. In addition, SIMR1281 reduced the tumor volume in a xenograft model while maintaining a high in vivo safety profile at a high dose. (4) Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the anticancer multitarget effect of SIMR1281, including the dual inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin reductases. These findings support the development of SIMR1281 in preclinical and clinical settings, as it represents a potential lead compound for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A. Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
| | - Ibrahim Y. Hachim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah I. Al-Marzooq
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cijo G. Vazhappilly
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, P.O. Box 10021, Ras Al Khaimah 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N Broad Street, Room 552, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmen Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N Broad Street, Room 552, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (S.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Paul Schilf
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Saleh M. Ibrahim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Researches, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (D.M.Z.); (W.S.R.); (R.E.-A.); (H.A.O.); (F.H.); (V.S.); (I.Y.H.); (F.I.A.-M.); (C.G.V.); (N.C.S.); (S.M.I.)
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-6505-7417
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Pasieka A, Panek D, Szałaj N, Espargaró A, Więckowska A, Malawska B, Sabaté R, Bajda M. Dual Inhibitors of Amyloid-β and Tau Aggregation with Amyloid-β Disaggregating Properties: Extended In Cellulo, In Silico, and Kinetic Studies of Multifunctional Anti-Alzheimer's Agents. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2057-2068. [PMID: 34019757 PMCID: PMC8291496 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
In Alzheimer’s
disease, neurons slowly degenerate due to
the accumulation of misfolded amyloid β and tau proteins. In
our research, we performed extended studies directed at amyloid β
and tau aggregation inhibition using in cellulo (Escherichia coli model of protein aggregation), in silico, and in vitro kinetic studies.
We tested our library of 1-benzylamino-2-hydroxyalkyl multifunctional
anti-Alzheimer’s agents and identified very potent dual aggregation
inhibitors. Among the tested derivatives, we selected compound 18, which exhibited a unique profile of biological activity.
This compound was the most potent and balanced dual aggregation inhibitor
(Aβ42 inhibition (inh.) 80.0%, tau inh. 68.3% in
10 μM), with previously reported in vitro inhibitory
activity against hBuChE, hBACE1,
and Aβ (hBuChE IC50 = 5.74 μM; hBACE1 IC50 = 41.6 μM; Aβ aggregation
(aggr.) inh. IC50 = 3.09 μM). In docking studies
for both proteins, we tried to explain the different structural requirements
for the inhibition of Aβ vs tau. Moreover, docking and kinetic
studies showed that compound 18 could inhibit the amyloid
aggregation process at several steps and also displayed disaggregating
properties. These results may help to design the next generations
of dual or selective aggregation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Szałaj
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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Szałaj N, Godyń J, Jończyk J, Pasieka A, Panek D, Wichur T, Więckowski K, Zaręba P, Bajda M, Pislar A, Malawska B, Sabate R, Więckowska A. Multidirectional in vitro and in cellulo studies as a tool for identification of multi-target-directed ligands aiming at symptoms and causes of Alzheimer's disease. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1944-1952. [PMID: 33092411 PMCID: PMC7594877 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1835882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires treatment with a combination of drugs that modulate various pathomechanisms contributing to the disease. In our research, we have focused on the development of multi-target-directed ligands - 5-HT6 receptor antagonists and cholinesterase inhibitors - with disease-modifying properties. We have performed extended in vitro (FRET assay) and in cellulo (Escherichia coli model of protein aggregation) studies on their β-secretase, tau, and amyloid β aggregation inhibitory activity. Within these multifunctional ligands, we have identified compound 17 with inhibitory potency against tau and amyloid β aggregation in in cellulo assay of 59% and 56% at 10 µM, respectively, hBACE IC50=4 µM, h5TH6 K i=94 nM, hAChE IC50=26 nM, and eqBuChE IC50=5 nM. This study led to the development of multifunctional ligands with a broad range of biological activities crucial not only for the symptomatic but also for the disease-modifying treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szałaj
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Jończyk
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wichur
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Więckowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anja Pislar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Raimon Sabate
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Stumpfe D, Hoch A, Bajorath J. Introducing the metacore concept for multi-target ligand design. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:628-635. [PMID: 34046634 PMCID: PMC8128067 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00056j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we introduce the concept of "metacores" (MCs) for the organization of analog series (ASs) and multi-target (MT) ligand design. Generating compounds that are active against distantly related or unrelated targets is a central task in polypharmacology-oriented drug discovery. MCs are obtained by two-stage extraction of structural cores from ASs. The methodology is chemically intuitive and generally applicable. Each MC represents a set of related ASs and a template for the generation of new structures. We have systematically identified ASs that exclusively consisted of analogs with MT activity and determined their target profiles. From these ASs, a large set of 317 structurally diverse MCs was extracted, 127 of which were associated with different target families. The newly generated MCs were characterized and further prioritized on the basis of AS, compound, and target coverage. The analysis indicated that 260 MCs were pharmaceutically relevant. These MCs and the compound and target information they capture are made freely available for medicinal chemistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Stumpfe
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany +49 228 73 69101 +49 228 73 69100
| | - Alexander Hoch
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany +49 228 73 69101 +49 228 73 69100
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany +49 228 73 69101 +49 228 73 69100
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48
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Rossi M, Freschi M, de Camargo Nascente L, Salerno A, de Melo Viana Teixeira S, Nachon F, Chantegreil F, Soukup O, Prchal L, Malaguti M, Bergamini C, Bartolini M, Angeloni C, Hrelia S, Soares Romeiro LA, Bolognesi ML. Sustainable Drug Discovery of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4972-4990. [PMID: 33829779 PMCID: PMC8154578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a reason for the lack of effective drugs as well as a basis for the development of "multi-target-directed ligands" (MTDLs). As cases increase in developing countries, there is a need of new drugs that are not only effective but also accessible. With this motivation, we report the first sustainable MTDLs, derived from cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), an inexpensive food waste with anti-inflammatory properties. We applied a framework combination of functionalized CNSL components and well-established acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) tacrine templates. MTDLs were selected based on hepatic, neuronal, and microglial cell toxicity. Enzymatic studies disclosed potent and selective AChE/BChE inhibitors (5, 6, and 12), with subnanomolar activities. The X-ray crystal structure of 5 complexed with BChE allowed rationalizing the observed activity (0.0352 nM). Investigation in BV-2 microglial cells revealed antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities for 5 and 6 (already at 0.01 μM), confirming the design rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Rossi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Freschi
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Luciana de Camargo Nascente
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Salerno
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah de Melo Viana Teixeira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département
de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut
de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Département
de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut
de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical
Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech
Republic
- Department
of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500
01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Prchal
- Biomedical
Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech
Republic
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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49
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Pasieka A, Panek D, Jończyk J, Godyń J, Szałaj N, Latacz G, Tabor J, Mezeiova E, Chantegreil F, Dias J, Knez D, Lu J, Pi R, Korabecny J, Brazzolotto X, Gobec S, Höfner G, Wanner K, Więckowska A, Malawska B. Discovery of multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents with a unique mechanism of action including inhibition of the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase and γ-aminobutyric acid transporters. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113397. [PMID: 33838585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Looking for an effective anti-Alzheimer's agent is very challenging; however, a multifunctional ligand strategy may be a promising solution for the treatment of this complex disease. We herein present the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel hydroxyethylamine derivatives displaying unique, multiple properties that have not been previously reported. The original mechanism of action combines inhibitory activity against disease-modifying targets: β-secretase enzyme (BACE1) and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation, along with an effect on targets associated with symptom relief - inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and γ-aminobutyric acid transporters (GATs). Among the obtained molecules, compound 36 exhibited the most balanced and broad activity profile (eeAChE IC50 = 2.86 μM; eqBuChE IC50 = 60 nM; hBuChE IC50 = 20 nM; hBACE1 IC50 = 5.9 μM; inhibition of Aβ aggregation = 57.9% at 10 μM; mGAT1 IC50 = 10.96 μM; and mGAT2 IC50 = 19.05 μM). Moreover, we also identified 31 as the most potent mGAT4 and hGAT3 inhibitor (IC50 = 5.01 μM and IC50 = 2.95 μM, respectively), with high selectivity over other subtypes. Compounds 36 and 31 represent new anti-Alzheimer agents that can ameliorate cognitive decline and modify the progress of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Jończyk
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Szałaj
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Julia Tabor
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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He F, Chou CJ, Scheiner M, Poeta E, Yuan Chen N, Gunesch S, Hoffmann M, Sotriffer C, Monti B, Maurice T, Decker M. Melatonin- and Ferulic Acid-Based HDAC6 Selective Inhibitors Exhibit Pronounced Immunomodulatory Effects In Vitro and Neuroprotective Effects in a Pharmacological Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3794-3812. [PMID: 33769811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The structures of melatonin and ferulic acid were merged into tertiary amide-based histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors to develop multi-target-directed inhibitors for neurodegenerative diseases to incorporate antioxidant effects without losing affinity and selectivity at HDAC6. Structure-activity relationships led to compound 10b as a hybrid molecule showing pronounced and selective inhibition of HDAC6 (IC50 = 30.7 nM, > 25-fold selectivity over other subtypes). This compound shows comparable DPPH radical scavenging ability to ferulic acid, comparable ORAC value to melatonin and comparable Cu2+ chelating ability to EDTA. It also lacks neurotoxicity on HT-22 cells, exhibits a pronounced immunomodulatory effect, and is active in vivo showing significantly higher efficacy in an AD mouse model to prevent both Aβ25-35-induced spatial working and long-term memory dysfunction at lower dose (0.3 mg/kg) compared to positive control HDAC6 inhibitor ACY1215 and an equimolar mixture of the three entities ACY1215, melatonin and ferulic acid, suggesting potentially disease-modifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - C James Chou
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Natalia Yuan Chen
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Christoph Sotriffer
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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