1
|
Zimmer DN, Schmid F, Settanni G. Ionizable Cationic Lipids and Helper Lipids Synergistically Contribute to RNA Packing and Protection in Lipid-Based Nanomaterials. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39366669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c05057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-based nanomaterials are used as a common delivery vehicle for RNA therapeutics. They typically include a formulation containing ionizable cationic lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids, and a small molar fraction of PEGylated lipids. The ionizable cationic lipids are considered a crucial element of the formulation for the way they mediate interactions with the anionic RNA as a function of pH. Here, we show, by means of molecular dynamics simulation of lipid formulations containing two different ionizable cationic lipids (DLinDMA and DLinDAP), that the direct interactions of those lipids with RNA, taken alone, may not be sufficient to determine the level of protection and packaging of mRNA. Our simulations help and highlight how the collective behavior of the lipids in the formulation, which determines the ability to envelop the RNA, and the level of hydration of the lipid-RNA interface may also play a significant role. This allows the drawing of a hypothesis about the experimentally observed differences in the transfection efficiency of the two ionizable cationic lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Noel Zimmer
- Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Friederike Schmid
- Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Giovanni Settanni
- Department of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pardi N, Krammer F. mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases - advances, challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024:10.1038/s41573-024-01042-y. [PMID: 39367276 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-01042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
The concept of mRNA-based vaccines emerged more than three decades ago. Groundbreaking discoveries and technological advancements over the past 20 years have resolved the major roadblocks that initially delayed application of this new vaccine modality. The rapid development of nucleoside-modified COVID-19 mRNA vaccines demonstrated that this immunization platform is easy to develop, has an acceptable safety profile and can be produced at a large scale. The flexibility and ease of antigen design have enabled mRNA vaccines to enter development for a wide range of viruses as well as for various bacteria and parasites. However, gaps in our knowledge limit the development of next-generation mRNA vaccines with increased potency and safety. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action of mRNA vaccines, application of novel technologies enabling rational antigen design, and innovative vaccine delivery strategies and vaccination regimens will likely yield potent novel vaccines against a wide range of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Ignaz Semmelweis Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Infection Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chaudhary N, Kasiewicz LN, Newby AN, Arral ML, Yerneni SS, Melamed JR, LoPresti ST, Fein KC, Strelkova Petersen DM, Kumar S, Purwar R, Whitehead KA. Amine headgroups in ionizable lipids drive immune responses to lipid nanoparticles by binding to the receptors TLR4 and CD1d. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01256-w. [PMID: 39363106 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01256-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most clinically advanced delivery vehicle for RNA therapeutics, partly because of established lipid structure-activity relationships focused on formulation potency. Yet such knowledge has not extended to LNP immunogenicity. Here we show that the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by LNPs are linked to their ionizable lipid chemistry. Specifically, we show that the amine headgroups in ionizable lipids drive LNP immunogenicity by binding to Toll-like receptor 4 and CD1d and by promoting lipid-raft formation. Immunogenic LNPs favour a type-1 T-helper-cell-biased immune response marked by increases in the immunoglobulins IgG2c and IgG1 and in the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor, interferon γ and the interleukins IL-6 and IL-2. Notably, the inflammatory signals originating from these receptors inhibit the production of anti-poly(ethylene glycol) IgM antibodies, preventing the often-observed loss of efficacy in the LNP-mediated delivery of siRNA and mRNA. Moreover, we identified computational methods for the prediction of the structure-dependent innate and adaptive responses of LNPs. Our findings may help accelerate the discovery of well-tolerated ionizable lipids suitable for repeated dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namit Chaudhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa N Kasiewicz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra N Newby
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mariah L Arral
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jilian R Melamed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samuel T LoPresti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine C Fein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Sushant Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Purwar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kent SJ, Li S, Amarasena TH, Reynaldi A, Lee WS, Leeming MG, O’Connor DH, Nguyen J, Kent HE, Caruso F, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Davenport MP, Ju Y. Blood Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Lipid Nanoparticle mRNA Vaccine in Humans. ACS NANO 2024; 18:27077-27089. [PMID: 39298422 PMCID: PMC11447892 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccines are an exciting but emerging technology used in humans. There is limited understanding of the factors that influence their biodistribution and immunogenicity. Antibodies to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which is on the surface of the lipid nanoparticle, are detectable in humans and boosted by human mRNA vaccination. We hypothesized that PEG-specific antibodies could increase the clearance of mRNA vaccines. To test this, we developed methods to quantify both the vaccine mRNA and ionizable lipid in frequent serial blood samples from 19 subjects receiving Moderna SPIKEVAX mRNA booster immunization. Both the vaccine mRNA and ionizable lipid peaked in blood 1-2 days post vaccination (median peak level 0.19 and 3.22 ng mL-1, respectively). The vaccine mRNA was detectable and quantifiable up to 14-15 days postvaccination in 37% of subjects. We measured the proportion of vaccine mRNA that was relatively intact in blood over time and found that the decay kinetics of the intact mRNA and ionizable lipid were identical, suggesting the intact lipid nanoparticle recirculates in blood. However, the decay rates of mRNA and ionizable lipids did not correlate with baseline levels of PEG-specific antibodies. Interestingly, the magnitude of mRNA and ionizable lipid detected in blood did correlate with the boost in the level of PEG antibodies. Furthermore, the ability of a subject's monocytes to phagocytose lipid nanoparticles was inversely related to the rise in PEG antibodies. This suggests that the circulation of mRNA lipid nanoparticles into the blood and their clearance by phagocytes influence the PEG immunogenicity of the mRNA vaccines. Overall, this work defines the pharmacokinetics of lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccine components in human blood after intramuscular injection and the factors that influence these processes. These insights should be valuable in improving the future safety and efficacy of lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccines and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Kent
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- Melbourne
Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred
Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash
University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Shiyao Li
- School
of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Thakshila H. Amarasena
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Infection
Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Wen Shi Lee
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Michael G. Leeming
- Melbourne
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, The Bio21 Molecular Science
and Biotechnology Institute, The University
of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David H. O’Connor
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Julie Nguyen
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Helen E. Kent
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Juno
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Miles P. Davenport
- Infection
Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yi Ju
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- School
of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi Y, Mao J, Wang S, Ma S, Luo L, You J. Pharmaceutical strategies for optimized mRNA expression. Biomaterials 2024; 314:122853. [PMID: 39342919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based immunotherapies and protein in situ production therapies hold great promise for addressing theoretically all the diseases characterized by aberrant protein levels. The safe, stable, and precise delivery of mRNA to target cells via appropriate pharmaceutical strategies is a prerequisite for its optimal efficacy. In this review, we summarize the structural characteristics, mode of action, development prospects, and limitations of existing mRNA delivery systems from a pharmaceutical perspective, with an emphasis on the impacts from formulation adjustments and preparation techniques of non-viral vectors on mRNA stability, target site accumulation and transfection efficiency. In addition, we introduce strategies for synergistical combination of mRNA and small molecules to augment the potency or mitigate the adverse effects of mRNA therapeutics. Lastly, we delve into the challenges impeding the development of mRNA drugs while exploring promising avenues for future advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Jiapeng Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Siyao Ma
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 166 Qiutaobei Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310017, PR China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, PR China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 498 Yiwu Street, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321299, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Omata D, Kawahara E, Munakata L, Tanaka H, Akita H, Yoshioka Y, Suzuki R. Effect of Anti-PEG Antibody on Immune Response of mRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39324825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines have been approved for use to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mRNA-LNPs contain PEG-conjugated lipids. Clinical studies have reported that mRNA-LNPs induce the production of anti-PEG antibodies, but the anti-PEG antibodies do not affect the production of neutralizing antibodies. However, the detailed influence of anti-PEG antibodies on mRNA-LNP vaccines remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we prepared ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen-encoding mRNA-loaded LNP (mRNA-OVA-LNP), and we determined whether anti-PEG antibodies could affect the antigen-specific immune response of mRNA-OVA-LNP vaccination in mice pretreated with PEG-modified liposomes to induce the production of anti-PEG antibodies. After intramuscular (i.m.) injection of the mRNA-LNP, the anti-PEG antibodies did not change the expression of protein or induction of cytokine and cellular immune response but did slightly increase the induction of antigen-specific antibodies. Furthermore, repeated mRNA-LNP i.m. injection induced the production of anti-PEG IgM and anti-PEG IgG. Our results suggest that mRNA-LNP induces the production of anti-PEG antibodies, but the priming of the antigen-specific immune response of mRNA-LNP vaccination is not notably affected by anti-PEG antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Omata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Eigo Kawahara
- Laboratory of Nano-design for Innovative Drug Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lisa Munakata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Akita
- Laboratory of DDS Design and Drug Disposition, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Nano-design for Innovative Drug Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qi Y, Han H, Liu A, Zhao S, Lawanprasert A, Nielsen JE, Choudhary H, Liang D, Barron AE, Murthy N. Ethylene oxide graft copolymers reduce the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:30071-30076. [PMID: 39309654 PMCID: PMC11414743 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05007j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)/mRNA complexes have great therapeutic potential but their PEG chains can induce the production of anti-PEG antibodies. New LNPs that do not contain PEG are greatly needed. We demonstrate here that poly-glutamic acid-ethylene oxide graft copolymers can replace the PEG on LNPs and outperform PEG-LNPs after chronic administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Hesong Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Albert Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University Roskilde 4000 Denmark
| | - Hema Choudhary
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Dengpan Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hassanel DNBP, Pilkington EH, Ju Y, Kent SJ, Pouton CW, Truong NP. Replacing poly(ethylene glycol) with RAFT lipopolymers in mRNA lipid nanoparticle systems for effective gene delivery. Int J Pharm 2024; 665:124695. [PMID: 39288840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as promising carriers to efficiently transport mRNA into cells for protein translation, as seen with the mRNA vaccines used against COVID-19. However, they contain a widely used polymer - poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) - which lacks the functionality to be easily modified (which could effectively control the physicochemical properties of the LNPs such as its charge), and is also known to be immunogenic. Thus, it is desirable to explore alternative polymers which can replace the PEG component in mRNA LNP vaccines and therapeutics, while still maintaining their efficacy. Herein, we employed reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation to synthesise five PEG-lipid alternatives that could stabilise LNPs encapsulating mRNA or pDNA molecules. Importantly, the resultant RAFT lipopolymer LNPs exhibit analogous or higher in vivo gene expression and antigen-specific antibody production compared to traditional PEG-based formulations. Our synthesis strategy which allows the introduction of positive charges along the lipopolymer backbone also significantly improved the in vivo gene expression. This work expands the potential of RAFT polymer-conjugated LNPs as promising mRNA carriers and offers an innovative strategy for the development of PEG-free mRNA vaccines and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily H Pilkington
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Yi Ju
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; School of Science and School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, 264 Plenty Rd, Mill Park, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bausch-Jurken M, Dawson RS, Ceddia F, Urdaneta V, Marks MA, Doi Y. A descriptive review on the real-world impact of Moderna, inc. COVID-19 vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024. [PMID: 39269429 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2402955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the original COVID-19 vaccines were developed, abundant clinical trial and real-world evidence evaluating the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines has been collected. Knowledge of the relative benefits and risks of COVID-19 vaccines is essential for building trust within target populations, ensuring they remain effectively and safely protected against an enduring infectious threat. AREAS COVERED This descriptive review discusses the benefits and risks associated with marketed Moderna, Inc. mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, focusing on their real-world effectiveness and safety profiles in various age groups. Adverse events of interest and potential benefits of vaccination are reviewed, including reduced risk for severe COVID-19 and long-term health outcomes, reduced economic and societal costs, and reduced risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. EXPERT OPINION Post-marketing safety and real-world data for Moderna, Inc. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines strongly support a positive benefit - risk profile favoring vaccination across all age groups. Although COVID-19 is no longer considered a global health pandemic, health risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection remain high. Concerted efforts are required to engage communities and maintain protection through vaccination. Continued surveillance of emerging variants and monitoring of vaccine safety and effectiveness are crucial for ensuring sustained protection against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yohei Doi
- Departments of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kong W, Wei Y, Dong Z, Liu W, Zhao J, Huang Y, Yang J, Wu W, He H, Qi J. Role of size, surface charge, and PEGylated lipids of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) on intramuscular delivery of mRNA. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:553. [PMID: 39261807 PMCID: PMC11389890 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are currently the most commonly used non-viral gene delivery system. Their physiochemical attributes, encompassing size, charge and surface modifications, significantly affect their behaviors both in vivo and in vitro. Nevertheless, the effects of these properties on the transfection and distribution of LNPs after intramuscular injection remain elusive. In this study, LNPs with varying sizes, lipid-based charges and PEGylated lipids were formulated to study their transfection and in vivo distribution. Luciferase mRNA (mLuc) was entraped in LNPs as a model nucleic acid molecule. Results indicated that smaller-sized LNPs and those with neutral potential presented superior transfection efficiency after intramuscular injection. Surprisingly, the sizes and charges did not exert a notable influence on the in vivo distribution of the LNPs. Furthermore, PEGylated lipids with shorter acyl chains contributed to enhanced transfection efficiency due to their superior cellular uptake and lysosomal escape capabilities. Notably, the mechanisms underlying cellular uptake differed among LNPs containing various types of PEGylated lipids, which was primarily attributed to the length of their acyl chain. Together, these insights underscore the pivotal role of nanoparticle characteristics and PEGylated lipids in the intramuscular route. This study not only fills crucial knowledge gaps but also provides significant directions for the effective delivery of mRNA via LNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuning Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zirong Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, 270 Dong-an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Haisheng He
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jianping Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiao X, He X, Qin S, Yin X, Song T, Duan X, Shi H, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Song X. Insights into the formulation of lipid nanoparticles for the optimization of mRNA therapeutics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1992. [PMID: 39358893 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
mRNA-based therapeutics increasingly demonstrate significant potential in treating various diseases, including infectious diseases, cancers, and genetic disorders. Effective delivery systems are crucial for advancing mRNA therapeutics. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) serve as an excellent carrier, widely validated for their safety and tolerability in commercially available mRNA vaccines. Standard LNPs typically consist of four components: ionizable lipids (ILs), helper lipids, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol-lipids (PEG-lipids), with the structural design of ILs gradually becoming a focal point of research interest. The chemical structures and formulations of the other components also significantly affect the delivery efficiency, targeting specificity, and stability of LNPs. The complex formulations of LNPs may hinder the clinical transformation of mRNA therapeutics and have raised widespread concerns about their safety. This review aims to summarize the progress of LNPs-based mRNA therapeutics in clinical trials, focusing on adverse effects that occurred during these trials. It also discusses representative innovations in LNP components, highlighting challenges and potential ways in this research field. We firmly believe this review will promote further improvements and designs of LNP compositions to optimize mRNA therapeutics. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Jiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shugang Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanhui Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yupei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kane GI, Brassil ML, Diaz-Infante MB, Atukorale PU. Nanocarrier design for pathogen-inspired innate immune agonist delivery. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:678-692. [PMID: 39191543 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
In complex diseases such as cancer, modulating cytokine signatures of disease using innate immune agonists holds therapeutic promise. Novel multi-agonist treatments offer tunable control of the immune system because they are uniquely pathogen inspired, eliciting robust antitumor responses by promoting synergistic cytokine responses. However, the chief strategic hurdle is ensuring multi-agonist delivery to the same target cells, highlighting the importance of using nanomaterial-based carriers. Here, we place nanocarriers in center stage and review the delivery hurdles related to the varying extra- and intracellular localizations of innate immune receptors. We discuss a range of nanomaterials used for multi-agonist delivery, highlighting their respective benefits and drawbacks. Our overarching stance is that rational nanocarrier design is crucial for developing pathogen-inspired multi-agonist immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Griffin I Kane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; UMass Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Meghan L Brassil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; UMass Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Miranda B Diaz-Infante
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; UMass Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Prabhani U Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; UMass Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Song Y, Yuan Z, Ji J, Ruan Y, Li X, Wang L, Zeng W, Wu K, Hu W, Yi L, Ding H, Zhao M, Fan S, Li Z, Chen J. Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:948. [PMID: 39204071 PMCID: PMC11360710 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of classical swine fever (CSF) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. Developing an effective and safe vaccine is crucial for preventing and controlling CSF. Here, we constructed self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles fused with the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 protein and a derived B cell epitope (Fe-E2B) using a baculovirus expression system (BVES), demonstrating enhanced immunogenicity. Furthermore, we provide a detailed evaluation of the immunological efficacy of the FeE2B in rabbits. The results showed that robust and sustained antibody responses were detected in rabbits immunized with the Fe-E2B nanoparticle vaccine, comparable to those elicited by commercially available vaccines. Additionally, we demonstrated that the vaccine effectively activated crucial immune factors IFN-γ and IL-4 in vivo, increasing their levels by 1.41-fold and 1.39-fold, respectively. Immunization with Fe-E2B enabled rabbits to avoid viremia and stereotypic fever after CSFV challenge. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of ferritin nanoparticles as antigen-presenting carriers to induce robust immune responses, proposing a candidate vaccine strategy for the prevention and control of CSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwan Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhongmao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junzhi Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Lianxiang Wang
- Wen’s Group Academy, Wen’s Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing 527400, China;
| | - Weijun Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenshuo Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoyao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Wen’s Group Academy, Wen’s Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing 527400, China;
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (Z.Y.); (J.J.); (Y.R.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (K.W.); (W.H.); (L.Y.); (H.D.); (M.Z.); (S.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
García-Fernández C, Virgilio T, Latino I, Guerra-Rebollo M, F Gonzalez S, Borrós S, Fornaguera C. Stealth mRNA nanovaccines to control lymph node trafficking. J Control Release 2024; 374:325-336. [PMID: 39154934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
mRNA-based vaccines symbolize a new paradigm shift in personalized medicine for the treatment of infectious and non-infectious diseases. However, the reactogenicity associated with the currently approved formulations limits their applicability in autoinflammatory disorders, such as tumour therapeutics. In this study, we present a delivery system showing controlled immunogenicity and minimal non-specific inflammation, allowing for selective delivery of mRNA to antigen presenting cells (APCs) within the medullary region of the lymph nodes. Our platform offers precise control over the trafficking of nanoparticles within the lymph nodes by optimizing stealth and targeting properties, as well as the subsequent opsonization process. By targeting specific cells, we observed a potent adaptive and humoral immune response, which holds promise for preventive and therapeutic anti-tumoral vaccines. Through spatial programming of nanoparticle distribution, we can promote robust immunization, thus improving and expanding the utilization of mRNA vaccines. This innovative approach signifies a remarkable step forward in the field of targeted nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coral García-Fernández
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL). Via Augusta, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08017, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svitzzera italiana (USI) - Switzerland, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona 6500, Suiza
| | - Tommaso Virgilio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svitzzera italiana (USI) - Switzerland, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona 6500, Suiza
| | - Irene Latino
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svitzzera italiana (USI) - Switzerland, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona 6500, Suiza
| | - Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL). Via Augusta, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08017, Spain
| | - Santiago F Gonzalez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svitzzera italiana (USI) - Switzerland, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona 6500, Suiza
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL). Via Augusta, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08017, Spain
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL). Via Augusta, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08017, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen BM, Chen E, Lin YC, Tran TTM, Turjeman K, Yang SH, Cheng TL, Barenholz Y, Roffler SR. Liposomes with Low Levels of Grafted Poly(ethylene glycol) Remain Susceptible to Destabilization by Anti-Poly(ethylene glycol) Antibodies. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22122-22138. [PMID: 39119697 PMCID: PMC11342370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Binding of anti-PEG antibodies to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the surface of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in vitro and in rats can activate complement and cause the rapid release of doxorubicin from the liposome interior. Here, we find that irinotecan liposomes (IL) and L-PLD, which have 16-fold lower levels of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE)-PEG2000 in their liposome membrane as compared to PLD, generate less complement activation but remain sensitive to destabilization and drug release by anti-PEG antibodies. Complement activation and liposome destabilization correlated with the theoretically estimated number of antibody molecules bound per liposome. Drug release from liposomes proceeded through the alternative complement pathway but was accelerated by the classical complement pathway. In contrast to PLD destabilization by anti-PEG immunoglobulin G (IgG), which proceeded by the insertion of membrane attack complexes in the lipid bilayer of otherwise intact PLD, anti-PEG IgG promoted the fusion of L-PLD, and IL to form unilamellar and oligo-vesicular liposomes. Anti-PEG immunoglobulin M (IgM) induced drug release from all liposomes (PLD, L-PLD, and IL) via the formation of unilamellar and oligo-vesicular liposomes. Anti-PEG IgG destabilized both PLD and L-PLD in rats, indicating that the reduction of PEG levels on liposomes is not an effective approach to prevent liposome destabilization by anti-PEG antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Mae Chen
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Even Chen
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lin
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense
Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Trieu Thi My Tran
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Keren Turjeman
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew
University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shih-Hung Yang
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate
Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew
University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Steve R. Roffler
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao Z, Sun H, Yang S, Li M, Qi N, Cui J. Red Blood Cell-Like Poly(ethylene glycol) Particles: Influence of Particle Stiffness on Biological Behaviors. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:966-971. [PMID: 39038183 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Cell-like particles represent a category of synthetic particles designed to emulate the structures or functions of natural cells. Herein, we present the assembly of cell-like poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) particles with different stiffnesses and shapes via replication of animal cells and investigate the impact of particle stiffness on their biological behaviors. As a proof of concept, we fabricate red blood cell-like and spherical PEG particles with varying cross-linking densities. A systematic exploration of their properties, encompassing morphology, stiffness, deformability, and biodistribution, reveal the vital influence of particle stiffness on in vivo fate, elucidating its role in governing the traversal of capillaries and the dynamic interactions with phagocytic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Hongning Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Na Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Targeted Drug Delivery and Advanced Pharmaceutics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Neill B, Romero AR, Fenton OS. Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4894-4913. [PMID: 37930174 PMCID: PMC11220486 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are promising platforms for cancer immunotherapy because of their potential to encode for a variety of tumor antigens, high tolerability, and capacity to induce strong antitumor immune responses. However, the clinical translation of mRNA cancer vaccines can be hindered by the inefficient delivery of mRNA in vivo. In this review, we provide an overview of mRNA cancer vaccines by discussing their utility in treating melanoma. Specifically, we begin our review by describing the barriers that can impede mRNA delivery to target cells. We then review native mRNA structure and discuss various modification methods shown to enhance mRNA stability and transfection. Next, we outline the advantages and challenges of three nonviral carrier platforms (lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipopolyplexes) frequently used for mRNA delivery. Last, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated nonviral mRNA vaccines for the treatment of melanoma. In writing this review, we aim to highlight innovative nonviral strategies designed to address mRNA delivery challenges while emphasizing the exciting potential of mRNA vaccines as next-generation therapies for the treatment of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bevin Neill
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Adriana Retamales Romero
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen S. Fenton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu X, Luo W, Zhang D, Liu R. An Assay for Immunogenic Detection of Anti-PEG Antibody. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400316. [PMID: 38867605 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) based proteins and drug delivery systems, anti-PEG antibodies have commonly been detected among the population, causing the accelerated blood clearance and hypersensitivity reactions, poses potential risks to the clinical efficacy and safety of PEGylated drugs. Therefore, vigilant monitoring of anti-PEG antibodies is crucial for both research and clinical guidance regarding PEGylated drugs. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a common method for detecting anti-PEG antibodies. However, diverse coating methods, blocking solutions and washing solutions have been employed across different studies, and unsuitable use of Tween 20 as the surfactant even caused biased results. In this study, we established the optimal substrate coating conditions, and investigated the influence of various surfactants and blocking solutions on the detection accuracy. The findings revealed that incorporating 1 % bovine serum albumin into the serum dilution in the absence of surfactants will result the credible outcomes of anti-PEG antibody detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weizhe Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Humphries J, Fletcher NL, Sonderegger SE, Bell CA, Kempe K, Thurecht KJ. Mitigating the Effects of Persistent Antipolymer Immune Reactions in Nanomedicine: Evaluating Materials-Based Approaches Using Molecular Imaging. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39037055 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a hydrophilic polymer ubiquitously used in both medical and nonmedical goods. Recent debate surrounding the observed stimulation of immune responses against PEG has spurred the development of materials that may be suitable replacements for this common polymeric component. The underlying view is that these alternative materials with comparable physicochemical properties can overcome the unfavorable and unpredictable effects of antibody-mediated clearance by being chemically, and therefore antigenically, distinct from PEG. However, this hypothesis has not been thoroughly tested in any defined manner, and the immune response observed against PEG has not been rigorously investigated within the context of these emerging materials. Consequently, it remains unclear whether immunity-mediated discrimination between polymeric entities even occurs in vivo and, if this is the case, how it may be exploited. In this study, we utilize positron emission tomography-computed tomography molecular imaging in mice immunized to develop specific antibody responses to PEG and an alternative polymer in order to visualize and quantify the influence of antipolymer antibodies on the biodistribution of synthetic polymers in vivo as a function of immunization status. Under the conditions of this experiment, mice could be primed to exhibit both innate and adaptive immunity to all of the polymer systems to which they were exposed. We demonstrate that alternating between chemically disparate polymers is a viable approach to extend their efficacy when antipolymer humoral immune responses arise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Humphries
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stefan E Sonderegger
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig A Bell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sanchez AJDS, Loughrey D, Echeverri ES, Huayamares SG, Radmand A, Paunovska K, Hatit M, Tiegreen KE, Santangelo PJ, Dahlman JE. Substituting Poly(ethylene glycol) Lipids with Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Lipids Improves Lipid Nanoparticle Repeat Dosing. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304033. [PMID: 38318754 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipids are used in Food-and-Drug-Administration-approved lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-RNA drugs, which are safe and effective. However, it is reported that PEG-lipids may also contribute to accelerated blood clearance and rare cases of hypersensitivity; this highlights the utility of exploring PEG-lipid alternatives. Here, it is shown that LNPs containing poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOZ)-lipids can deliver messenger RNA (mRNA) to multiple cell types in mice inside and outside the liver. In addition, it is reported that LNPs formulated with PEOZ-lipids show reduced clearance from the bloodstream and lower levels of antistealth lipid immunoglobulin Ms than LNPs formulated with PEG-lipids. These data justify further exploration of PEOZ-lipids as alternatives to PEG-lipids in LNP-RNA formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J Da Silva Sanchez
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - David Loughrey
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Elisa Schrader Echeverri
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sebastian G Huayamares
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Afsane Radmand
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kalina Paunovska
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Marine Hatit
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Karen E Tiegreen
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Philip J Santangelo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - James E Dahlman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang C, Yuan F. A comprehensive comparison of DNA and RNA vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115340. [PMID: 38810703 PMCID: PMC11181159 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid technology has revolutionized vaccine development, enabling rapid design and production of RNA and DNA vaccines for prevention and treatment of diseases. The successful deployment of mRNA and plasmid DNA vaccines against COVID-19 has further validated the technology. At present, mRNA platform is prevailing due to its higher efficacy, while DNA platform is undergoing rapid evolution because it possesses unique advantages that can potentially overcome the problems associated with the mRNA platform. To help understand the recent performances of the two vaccine platforms and recognize their clinical potentials in the future, this review compares the advantages and drawbacks of mRNA and DNA vaccines that are currently known in the literature, in terms of development timeline, financial cost, ease of distribution, efficacy, safety, and regulatory approval of products. Additionally, the review discusses the ongoing clinical trials, strategies for improvement, and alternative designs of RNA and DNA platforms for vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, United States
| | - Fan Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang DD, Hou X, Wang L, Xue Y, Li H, Zhong Y, Wang S, Deng B, McComb DW, Dong Y. Engineering LNPs with polysarcosine lipids for mRNA delivery. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:86-93. [PMID: 38523704 PMCID: PMC10957522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the approval of the lipid nanoparticles (LNP)-mRNA vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, there has been an increased interest in the delivery of mRNA through LNPs. However, current LNP formulations contain PEG lipids, which can stimulate the generation of anti-PEG antibodies. The presence of these antibodies can potentially cause adverse reactions and reduce therapeutic efficacy after administration. Given the widespread deployment of the COVID-19 vaccines, the increased exposure to PEG may necessitate the evaluation of alternative LNP formulations without PEG components. In this study, we investigated a series of polysarcosine (pSar) lipids as alternatives to the PEG lipids to determine whether pSar lipids could still provide the functionality of the PEG lipids in the ALC-0315 and SM-102 LNP systems. We found that complete replacement of the PEG lipid with a pSar lipid can increase or maintain mRNA delivery efficiency and exhibit similar safety profiles in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana D. Kang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xucheng Hou
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Leiming Wang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yonger Xue
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Haoyuan Li
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yichen Zhong
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Siyu Wang
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Binbin Deng
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - David W. McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Precision Immunology Institute, Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Anchordoquy T, Artzi N, Balyasnikova IV, Barenholz Y, La-Beck NM, Brenner JS, Chan WCW, Decuzzi P, Exner AA, Gabizon A, Godin B, Lai SK, Lammers T, Mitchell MJ, Moghimi SM, Muzykantov VR, Peer D, Nguyen J, Popovtzer R, Ricco M, Serkova NJ, Singh R, Schroeder A, Schwendeman AA, Straehla JP, Teesalu T, Tilden S, Simberg D. Mechanisms and Barriers in Nanomedicine: Progress in the Field and Future Directions. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13983-13999. [PMID: 38767983 PMCID: PMC11214758 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, steady progress has been made in synthesizing and characterizing engineered nanoparticles, resulting in several approved drugs and multiple promising candidates in clinical trials. Regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency released important guidance documents facilitating nanoparticle-based drug product development, particularly in the context of liposomes and lipid-based carriers. Even with the progress achieved, it is clear that many barriers must still be overcome to accelerate translation into the clinic. At the recent conference workshop "Mechanisms and Barriers in Nanomedicine" in May 2023 in Colorado, U.S.A., leading experts discussed the formulation, physiological, immunological, regulatory, clinical, and educational barriers. This position paper invites open, unrestricted, nonproprietary discussion among senior faculty, young investigators, and students to trigger ideas and concepts to move the field forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Anchordoquy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Irina V Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Membrane and Liposome Research Lab, IMRIC, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ninh M La-Beck
- Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, Texas 79601, United States
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Warren C W Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Rosebrugh Building, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Agata A Exner
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Alberto Gabizon
- The Helmsley Cancer Center, Shaare Zedek Medical Center and The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, 9103102, Israel
| | - Biana Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine College (WCMC), New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M, College Station, Texas 7784,3 United States
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - S Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, 5290002 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Madison Ricco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Avi Schroeder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Anna A Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, United States
| | - Joelle P Straehla
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 United States
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Laboratory of Precision and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Scott Tilden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Ettah U, Jacques S, Gaikwad H, Monte A, Dylla L, Guntupalli S, Moghimi SM, Simberg D. Optimized Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Anti-PEG Antibody Detection in Healthy Donors and Patients Treated with PEGylated Liposomal Doxorubicin. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3053-3060. [PMID: 38743264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in quantifying anti-PEG antibodies, given their potential involvement in accelerated clearance, complement activation, neutralization, and acute reactions associated with drug delivery systems. Published and commercially available anti-PEG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) differ significantly in terms of reagents and conditions, which could be confusing to users who want to perform in-house measurements. Here, we optimize the ELISA protocol for specific detection of anti-PEG IgG and IgM in sera from healthy donors and in plasma from cancer patients administered with PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin. The criterion of specificity is the ability of free PEG or PEGylated liposomes to inhibit the ELISA signals. We found that coating high-binding plates with monoamine methoxy-PEG5000, as opposed to bovine serum albumin-PEG20000, and blocking with 1% milk, as opposed to albumin or lysozyme, significantly improve the specificity, with over 95% of the signal being blocked by competition. Despite inherent between-assay variability, setting the cutoff value of the optical density at the 80th percentile consistently identified the same subjects. Using the optimized assay, we longitudinally measured levels of anti-PEG IgG/IgM in cancer patients before and after the PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin chemotherapy cycle (1 month apart, three cycles total). Antibody titers did not show any increase but rather a decrease between treatment cycles, and up to 90% of antibodies was bound to the infused drug. This report is a step toward harmonizing anti-PEG assays in human subjects, emphasizing the cost-effectiveness and optimized specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Utibeabasi Ettah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Sarah Jacques
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Hanmant Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Andrew Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - Saketh Guntupalli
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| | - S Moein Moghimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , U.K
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Dmitri Simberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045-2559, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang Z, Xu Y, Du G, Sun X. Emerging advances in delivery systems for mRNA cancer vaccines. J Control Release 2024; 370:287-301. [PMID: 38679162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The success of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in treating COVID-19 promotes further research of mRNA vaccines for cancer vaccination. Aiming at overcoming the constraints of currently available mRNA carriers, various alternative nano-vectors have been developed for delivering tumor antigen encoding mRNA and showed versatility to induce potent anti-tumor immunity. The rationally designed nano-vaccines increase the immune activation capacity of the mRNA vaccines by promoting crucial aspects including mRNA stability, cellular uptake, endosomal escape and targeting of immune cells or organs. Herein, we summarized the research progress of various mRNA based nano-vaccines that have been reported for cancer vaccination, including LNPs, lipid enveloped hybrid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles etc. Several strategies that have been reported for further enhancing the immune stimulation efficacy of mRNA nano-vaccines, including developing nano-vaccines for co-delivering adjuvants, combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and optimizing the injection routes for boosting immune responses, have been reviewed. The progress of mRNA nano-vaccines in clinical trials and the prospect of the mRNA vaccines for cancer vaccination are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hori T, Shimizu T, Ando H, Okada N, Yamagami H, Yasui S, Hosoki M, Tojima A, Otoda T, Yuasa T, Aihara KI, Takishita M, Yoshida S, Abe M, Ishida T, Nakamura S. Humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and polyethylene glycol elicited by anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, and effect of pre-existing anti-polyethylene glycol antibody in patients with hematological and autoimmune diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31489. [PMID: 38813140 PMCID: PMC11133887 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of vaccination are modified by hematological and autoimmune diseases and/or treatment. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine contains polyethylene glycol (PEG), it is largely unknown whether PEG influences the effects of vaccination or induces a humoral response. This study examined whether anti-PEG antibodies before vaccination (pre-existing) influenced the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and evaluated the relationship between the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and anti-PEG antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hematological and autoimmune diseases. Methods Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody IgG, anti-PEG IgG, and IgM titers were evaluated in patients with hematological and autoimmune diseases after the second dose of BNT162B2. Anti-PEG IgG and IgM titers were also measured before vaccination to examine changes after vaccination and the relationship with vaccine efficacy. Results In patients with hematological (n = 182) and autoimmune diseases (n = 96), anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-PEG antibody titers were evaluated after a median of 33 days from 2nd vaccination. The median anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were 1901 AU/mL and 3832 AU/mL in patients with hematological and autoimmune disease, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that age and days from 2nd vaccination were negatively associated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers. Anti-CD20 antibody treatment was negatively correlated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in hematological disease, and C-reactive protein (CRP) was positively correlated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in autoimmune disease. Baseline anti-PEG antibody titers were significantly higher in patients with autoimmune disease but were not correlated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers. Patients with increased anti-PEG IgG acquired higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in patients with autoimmune disease. Conclusions Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody acquisition was suboptimal in patients with hematological disease, but both anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody and anti-PEG IgG were acquired in patients with autoimmune disease, reflecting robust humoral immune response. Pre-existing anti-PEG antibody titers did not affect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody acquisition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Hori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naoto Okada
- Pharmacy Department, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamagami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Saya Yasui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Minae Hosoki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tojima
- Department of Rheumatology, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiki Otoda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yuasa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Aihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Takishita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anan Medical Center, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sumiko Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Medical Center for Children and Adults, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Abe
- Department of Hematology, Kawashima Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shingen Nakamura
- Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lenders M, Brand E. Comment to: Head-to-head trial of pegunigalsidase alfa versus agalsidase beta in patients with Fabry disease and deteriorating renal function: results from the 2-year randomised phase III BALANCE study-determination of immunogenicity. J Med Genet 2024; 61:531-533. [PMID: 38538083 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Lenders
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Brand
- Internal Medicine D, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Scherer D, Burger M, Leroux JC. Revival of Bioengineered Proteins as Carriers for Nucleic Acids. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:561-566. [PMID: 38621363 PMCID: PMC11099893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- David Scherer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Michael Burger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pan F, Liu M, Li G, Chen B, Chu Y, Yang Y, Wu E, Yu Y, Lin S, Ding T, Wei X, Zhan C, Qian J. Phospholipid Type Regulates Protein Corona Composition and In Vivo Performance of Lipid Nanodiscs. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2272-2283. [PMID: 38607681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, there has been significant interest in PEGylated lipid-based nanocarriers within the drug delivery field. The inevitable interplay between the nanocarriers and plasma protein plays a pivotal role in their in vivo biological fate. Understanding the factors influencing lipid-based nanocarrier and protein corona interactions is of paramount importance in the design and clinical translation of these nanocarriers. Herein, discoid-shaped lipid nanodiscs (sNDs) composed of different phospholipids with varied lipid tails and head groups were fabricated. We investigated the impact of phospholipid components on the interaction between sNDs and serum proteins, particle stability, and biodistribution. The results showed that all of these lipid nanodiscs remained stable over a 15 day storage period, while their stability in the blood serum demonstrated significant differences. The sND composed of POPG exhibited the least stability due to its potent complement activation capability, resulting in rapid blood clearance. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the complement activation capability and serum stability was identified. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution experiments indicated that phospholipid composition did not influence the capability of sNDs to evade the accelerated blood clearance phenomenon. Complement deposition on the sND was inversely associated with the area under the curve. Additionally, all lipid nanodiscs exhibited dominant adsorption of apolipoprotein. Remarkably, the POPC-based lipid nanodisc displayed a significantly higher deposition of apolipoprotein E, contributing to an obvious brain distribution, which provides a promising tool for brain-targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmacy, Jing'an District Central Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmacy, Jing'an District Central Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmacy, Jing'an District Central Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Boqian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ercan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Tianhao Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center & Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jun Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & Department of Pharmacy, Jing'an District Central Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hu M, Li X, You Z, Cai R, Chen C. Physiological Barriers and Strategies of Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Nucleic Acid Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303266. [PMID: 37792475 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) are currently the most promising vehicles for nucleic acid drug (NAD) delivery. Although their clinical applications have achieved success, the NAD delivery efficiency and safety are still unsatisfactory, which are, to a large extent, due to the existence of multi-level physiological barriers in vivo. It is important to elucidate the interactions between these barriers and LBNPs, which will guide more rational design of efficient NAD vehicles with low adverse effects and facilitate broader applications of nucleic acid therapeutics. This review describes the obstacles and challenges of biological barriers to NAD delivery at systemic, organ, sub-organ, cellular, and subcellular levels. The strategies to overcome these barriers are comprehensively reviewed, mainly including physically/chemically engineering LBNPs and directly modifying physiological barriers by auxiliary treatments. Then the potentials and challenges for successful translation of these preclinical studies into the clinic are discussed. In the end, a forward look at the strategies on manipulating protein corona (PC) is addressed, which may pull off the trick of overcoming those physiological barriers and significantly improve the efficacy and safety of LBNP-based NADs delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingdi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhen You
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Rong Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, 100049, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Isaac AH, Recalde Phillips SY, Ruben E, Estes M, Rajavel V, Baig T, Paleti C, Landsgaard K, Lee RH, Guda T, Criscitiello MF, Gregory C, Alge DL. Impact of PEG sensitization on the efficacy of PEG hydrogel-mediated tissue engineering. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3283. [PMID: 38637507 PMCID: PMC11026400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are generally regarded as biologically inert blank slates, concerns over PEG immunogenicity are growing, and the implications for tissue engineering are unknown. Here, we investigate these implications by immunizing mice against PEG to stimulate anti-PEG antibody production and evaluating bone defect regeneration after treatment with bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded PEG hydrogels. Quantitative analysis reveals that PEG sensitization increases bone formation compared to naive controls, whereas histological analysis shows that PEG sensitization induces an abnormally porous bone morphology at the defect site, particularly in males. Furthermore, immune cell recruitment is higher in PEG-sensitized mice administered the PEG-based treatment than their naive counterparts. Interestingly, naive controls that were administered a PEG-based treatment also develop anti-PEG antibodies. Sex differences in bone formation and immune cell recruitment are also apparent. Overall, these findings indicate that anti-PEG immune responses can impact tissue engineering efficacy and highlight the need for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa H Isaac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Ruben
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Estes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Varsha Rajavel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Talia Baig
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Carol Paleti
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kirsten Landsgaard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ryang Hwa Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Teja Guda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael F Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Carl Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel L Alge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
He Z, Qu S, Shang L. Perspectives on Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions at the In Vivo Level. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7781-7790. [PMID: 38572817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The distinct features of nanoparticles have provided a vast opportunity of developing new diagnosis and therapy strategies for miscellaneous diseases. Although a few nanomedicines are available in the market or in the translation stage, many important issues are still unsolved. When entering the body, nanomaterials will be quickly coated by proteins from their surroundings, forming a corona on their surface, the so-called protein corona. Studies have shown that the protein corona has many important biological implications, particularly at the in vivo level. For example, they can promote the immune system to rapidly clear these outer materials and prevent nanoparticles from playing their designed role in therapy. In this Perspective, the available techniques for characterizing protein-nanoparticle interactions are critically summarized. Effects of nanoparticle properties and environmental factors on protein corona formation, which can further regulate the in vivo fate of nanoparticles, are highlighted and discussed. Moreover, recent progress on the biomedical application of protein corona-engineered nanoparticles is introduced, and future directions for this important yet challenging research area are also briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 China
| | - Shaohua Qu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shannxi 716000, China
| | - Li Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tang X, Zhang J, Sui D, Xu Z, Yang Q, Wang T, Li X, Liu X, Deng Y, Song Y. Durable protective efficiency provide by mRNA vaccines require robust immune memory to antigens and weak immune memory to lipid nanoparticles. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100988. [PMID: 38379935 PMCID: PMC10877184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The Pegylated lipids in lipid nanoparticle (LNPs) vaccines have been found to cause acute hypersensitivity reactions in recipients, and generate anti-LNPs immunity after repeated administration, thereby reducing vaccine effectiveness. To overcome these challenges, we developed a new type of LNPs vaccine (SAPC-LNPs) which was co-modified with sialic acid (SA) - lipid derivative and cleavable PEG - lipid derivative. This kind of mRNA vaccine can target dendritic cells (DCs) and rapidly escape from early endosomes (EE) and lysosomes with a total endosomal escape rate up to 98 %. Additionally, the PEG component in SAPC-LNPs was designed to detach from the LNPs under the catalysis of carboxylesterase in vivo, which reduced the probability of PEG being attached to LNPs entering antigen-presenting cells. Compared with commercially formulated vaccines (1.5PD-LNPs), mice treated with SAPC-LNPs generated a more robust immune memory to tumor antigens and a weaker immune memory response to LNPs, and showed lower side effects and long-lasting protective efficiency. We also discovered that the anti-tumor immune memory formed by SAPC-LNPs mRNA vaccine was directly involved in the immune cycle to rattack tumor. This immune memory continued to strengthen with multiple cycles, supporting that the immune memory should be incorporated into the theory of tumor immune cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jiashuo Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Dezhi Sui
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Qiongfen Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hajimolaali M, Dorkoosh FA, Antimisiaris SG. Review of recent preclinical and clinical research on ligand-targeted liposomes as delivery systems in triple negative breast cancer therapy. J Liposome Res 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38520185 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2325963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast Cancer (TNBC) is one of the deadliest types, making up about 20% of all breast cancers. Chemotherapy is the traditional manner of progressed TNBC treatment; however, it has a short-term result with a high reversibility pace. The lack of targeted treatment limited and person-dependent treatment options for those suffering from TNBC cautions to be the worst type of cancer among breast cancer patients. Consequently, appropriate treatment for this disease is considered a major clinical challenge. Therefore, various treatment methods have been developed to treat TNBC, among which chemotherapy is the most common and well-known approach recently studied. Although effective methods are chemotherapies, they are often accompanied by critical limitations, especially the lack of specific functionality. These methods lead to systematic toxicity and, ultimately, the expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells. Therefore, finding novel and efficient techniques to enhance the targeting of TNBC treatment is an essential requirement. Liposomes have demonstrated that they are an effective method for drug delivery; however, among a large number of liposome-based drug delivery systems annually developed, a small number have just received authorization for clinical application. The new approaches to using liposomes target their structure with various ligands to increase therapeutic efficiency and diminish undesired side effects on various body tissues. The current study describes the most recent strategies and research associated with functionalizing the liposomes' structure with different ligands as targeted drug carriers in treating TNBCs in preclinical and clinical stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hajimolaali
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Farid Abedin Dorkoosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biomaterial Research Center (MBRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sophia G Antimisiaris
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, FORTH/ICEHT, Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Williamson GL, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Clinical and Preclinical Methods of Heat-Stabilization of Human Vaccines. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1015-1026. [PMID: 38288698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines have historically faced challenges regarding stability, especially in regions lacking a robust cold chain infrastructure. This review delves into established and emergent techniques to improve the thermostability of vaccines. We discuss the widely practiced lyophilization method, effectively transforming liquid vaccine formulations into a solid powdered state, enhancing storage and transportation ability. However, potential protein denaturation during lyophilization necessitates alternative stabilization methods. Cryoprotectants, namely, starch and sugar molecules, have shown promise in protecting vaccine antigens and adjuvants from denaturation and augmenting the stability of biologics during freeze-drying. Biomineralization, a less studied yet innovative approach, utilizes inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrids to encapsulate biological components of vaccines with a particular emphasis on metal-organic coordination polymers. Encapsulation in organic matrices to form particles or microneedles have also been studied in the context of vaccine thermostability, showing some ability to store outside the cold-chain. Unfortunately, few of these techniques have advanced to clinical trials that evaluate differences in storage conditions. Nonetheless, early trials suggest that alternative storage techniques are viable and emphasize the need for more comprehensive studies. This review underscores the pressing need for heat-stable vaccines, especially in light of the increasing global distribution challenges. Combining traditional methods with novel approaches holds promise for the future adaptability of vaccine distribution and use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Williamson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State/UNC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, UNC, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Estapé Senti M, García Del Valle L, Schiffelers RM. mRNA delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy: Lipid nanoparticles and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 206:115190. [PMID: 38307296 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
mRNA-based vaccines are emerging as a promising alternative to standard cancer treatments and the conventional vaccines. Moreover, the FDA-approval of three nucleic acid based therapeutics (Onpattro, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) has further increased the interest and trust on this type of therapeutics. In order to achieve a significant therapeutic efficacy, the mRNA needs from a drug delivery system. In the last years, several delivery platforms have been explored, being the lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) the most well characterized and studied. A better understanding on how mRNA-based therapeutics operate (both the mRNA itself and the drug delivery system) will help to further improve their efficacy and safety. In this review, we will provide an overview of what mRNA cancer vaccines are and their mode of action and we will highlight the advantages and challenges of the different delivery platforms that are under investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Estapé Senti
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lucía García Del Valle
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gaballa SA, Shimizu T, Ando H, Takata H, Emam SE, Ramadan E, Naguib YW, Mady FM, Khaled KA, Ishida T. Treatment-induced and Pre-existing Anti-peg Antibodies: Prevalence, Clinical Implications, and Future Perspectives. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:555-578. [PMID: 37931786 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a versatile polymer that is used in numerous pharmaceutical applications like the food industry, a wide range of disinfectants, cosmetics, and many commonly used household products. PEGylation is the term used to describe the covalent attachment of PEG molecules to nanocarriers, proteins and peptides, and it is used to prolong the circulation half-life of the PEGylated products. Consequently, PEGylation improves the efficacy of PEGylated therapeutics. However, after four decades of research and more than two decades of clinical applications, an unappealing side of PEGylation has emerged. PEG immunogenicity and antigenicity are remarkable challenges that confound the widespread clinical application of PEGylated therapeutics - even those under clinical trials - as anti-PEG antibodies (Abs) are commonly reported following the systemic administration of PEGylated therapeutics. Furthermore, pre-existing anti-PEG Abs have also been reported in healthy individuals who have never been treated with PEGylated therapeutics. The circulating anti-PEG Abs, both treatment-induced and pre-existing, selectively bind to PEG molecules of the administered PEGylated therapeutics inducing activation of the complement system, which results in remarkable clinical implications with varying severity. These include increased blood clearance of the administered PEGylated therapeutics through what is known as the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon and initiation of serious adverse effects through complement activation-related pseudoallergic reactions (CARPA). Therefore, the US FDA industry guidelines have recommended the screening of anti-PEG Abs, in addition to Abs against PEGylated proteins, in the clinical trials of PEGylated protein therapeutics. In addition, strategies revoking the immunogenic response against PEGylated therapeutics without compromising their therapeutic efficacy are important for the further development of advanced PEGylated therapeutics and drug-delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Gaballa
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Haruka Takata
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Sherif E Emam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Eslam Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Mady
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Khaled
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Research Center for Drug Delivery System, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University; 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kane G, Lusi C, Brassil M, Atukorale P. Engineering approaches for innate immune-mediated tumor microenvironment remodeling. IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY TECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100406. [PMID: 38213392 PMCID: PMC10777078 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2023.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy offers transformative promise particularly for the treatment of lethal cancers, since a correctly trained immune system can comprehensively orchestrate tumor clearance with no need for continued therapeutic intervention. Historically, the majority of immunotherapies have been T cell-focused and have included immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and T-cell vaccines. Unfortunately T-cell-focused therapies have failed to achieve optimal efficacy in most solid tumors largely because of a highly immunosuppressed 'cold' or immune-excluded tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, a rapidly growing treatment paradigm has emerged that focuses on activation of tumor-resident innate antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, which can drive a proinflammatory immune response to remodel the TME from 'cold' or immune-excluded to 'hot'. Early strategies for TME remodeling centered on free cytokines and agonists, but these approaches have faced significant hurdles in both delivery and efficacy. Systemic toxicity from off-target inflammation is a paramount concern in these therapies. To address this critical gap, engineering approaches have provided the opportunity to add 'built-in' capabilities to cytokines, agonists, and other therapeutic agents to mediate improved delivery and efficacy. Such capabilities have included protective encapsulation to shield them from degradation, targeting to direct them with high specificity to tumors, and co-delivery strategies to harness synergistic proinflammatory pathways. Here, we review innate immune-mediated TME remodeling engineering approaches that focus on cytokines, innate immune agonists, immunogenic viruses, and cell-based methods, highlighting emerging preclinical approaches and strategies that are either being tested in clinical trials or already Food and Drug Administration approved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G.I. Kane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
- University of Massachusetts Cancer Center, Worcester
| | - C.F. Lusi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
- University of Massachusetts Cancer Center, Worcester
| | - M.L. Brassil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
- University of Massachusetts Cancer Center, Worcester
| | - P.U. Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst
- University of Massachusetts Cancer Center, Worcester
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li S, Ma Y, Cui J, Caruso F, Ju Y. Engineering poly(ethylene glycol) particles for targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2591-2604. [PMID: 38285062 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06098e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is considered to be the "gold standard" among the stealth polymers employed for drug delivery. Using PEG to modify or engineer particles has thus gained increasing interest because of the ability to prolong blood circulation time and reduce nonspecific biodistribution of particles in vivo, owing to the low fouling and stealth properties of PEG. In addition, endowing PEG-based particles with targeting and drug-loading properties is essential to achieve enhanced drug accumulation at target sites in vivo. In this feature article, we focus on recent work on the synthesis of PEG particles, in which PEG is the main component in the particles. We highlight different synthesis methods used to generate PEG particles, the influence of the physiochemical properties of PEG particles on their stealth and targeting properties, and the application of PEG particles in targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Li
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yutian Ma
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Frank Caruso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yi Ju
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhong J, Zhao R, Wang Y, Su YX, Lan X. Nano-PROTACs: state of the art and perspectives. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4378-4391. [PMID: 38305466 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs), as a recently identified technique in the field of new drug development, provide new concepts for disease treatment and are expected to revolutionize drug discovery. With high specificity and flexibility, PROTACs serve as an innovative research tool to target and degrade disease-relevant proteins that are not currently pharmaceutically vulnerable to eliminating their functions by hijacking the ubiquitin-proteasome system. To date, PROTACs still face the challenges of low solubility, poor permeability, off-target effects, and metabolic instability. The combination of nanotechnology and PROTACs has been explored to enhance the in vivo performance of PROTACs regarding overcoming these challenging hurdles. In this review, we summarize the latest advancements in the building-block design of PROTAC prodrug nanoparticles and provide an overview of existing/potential delivery systems and loading approaches for PROTAC drugs. Furthermore, we discuss the current status and prospects of the split-and-mix approach for PROTAC drug optimization. Additionally, the advantages and translational potentials of carrier-free nano-PROTACs and their combinational therapeutic effects are highlighted. This review aims to foster a deeper understanding of this rapidly evolving field and facilitate the progress of nano-PROTACs that will continue to push the boundaries of achieving selectivity and controlled release of PROTAC drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhong
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Yuji Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Xinmiao Lan
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu L, Li X, Qian X, Wang S, Liu J, Yan J. Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:186. [PMID: 38400169 PMCID: PMC10891594 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have attracted extensive attention in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting immune cells in cancer therapy has become a strategy of great research interest. mRNA vaccines are a potential choice for tumor immunotherapy, due to their ability to directly encode antigen proteins and stimulate a strong immune response. However, the mode of delivery and lack of stability of mRNA are key issues limiting its application. LNPs are an excellent mRNA delivery carrier, and their structural stability and biocompatibility make them an effective means for delivering mRNA to specific targets. This study summarizes the research progress in LNP delivery carrier-assisted targeted controlled release mRNA vaccines in tumor immunity. The role of LNPs in improving mRNA stability, immunogenicity, and targeting is discussed. This review aims to systematically summarize the latest research progress in LNP delivery carrier-assisted targeted controlled release mRNA vaccines in tumor immunity to provide new ideas and strategies for tumor immunotherapy, as well as to provide more effective treatment plans for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liusheng Wu
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.W.); (X.Q.); (S.W.)
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China;
| | - Xinye Qian
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.W.); (X.Q.); (S.W.)
| | - Shuang Wang
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.W.); (X.Q.); (S.W.)
| | - Jixian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China;
| | - Jun Yan
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.W.); (X.Q.); (S.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gaballa SA, Shimizu T, Takata H, Ando H, Ibrahim M, Emam SE, Amorim Matsuo NC, Kim Y, Naguib YW, Mady FM, Khaled KA, Ishida T. Impact of Anti-PEG IgM Induced via the Topical Application of a Cosmetic Product Containing PEG Derivatives on the Antitumor Effects of PEGylated Liposomal Antitumor Drug Formulations in Mice. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:622-632. [PMID: 38273445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is used in many common products, such as cosmetics. PEG, however, is also used to covalently conjugate drug molecules, proteins, or nanocarriers, which is termed PEGylation, to serve as a shield against the natural immune system of the human body. Repeated administration of some PEGylated products, however, is known to induce anti-PEG antibodies. In addition, preexisting anti-PEG antibodies are now being detected in healthy individuals who have never received PEGylated therapeutics. Both treatment-induced and preexisting anti-PEG antibodies alter the pharmacokinetic properties, which can result in a subsequent reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of administered PEGylated therapeutics through the so-called accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon. Moreover, these anti-PEG antibodies are widely reported to be related to severe hypersensitivity reactions following the administration of PEGylated therapeutics, including COVID-19 vaccines. We recently reported that the topical application of a cosmetic product containing PEG derivatives induced anti-PEG immunoglobulin M (IgM) in a mouse model. Our finding indicates that the PEG derivatives in cosmetic products could be a major cause of the preexistence of anti-PEG antibodies in healthy individuals. In this study, therefore, the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects of Doxil (doxorubicin hydrochloride-loaded PEGylated liposomes) and oxaliplatin-loaded PEGylated liposomes (Liposomal l-OHP) were studied in mice. The anti-PEG IgM antibodies induced by the topical application of cosmetic products obviously accelerated the blood clearance of both PEGylated liposomal formulations. Moreover, in C26 tumor-bearing mice, the tumor growth suppressive effects of both Doxil and Liposomal l-OHP were significantly attenuated in the presence of anti-PEG IgM antibodies induced by the topical application of cosmetic products. These results confirm that the topical application of a cosmetic product containing PEG derivatives could produce preexisting anti-PEG antibodies that then affect the therapeutic efficacy of subsequent doses of PEGylated therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Gaballa
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Haruka Takata
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Drug Delivery System, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Drug Delivery System, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Sherif E Emam
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Nana Cristina Amorim Matsuo
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Mady
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Khaled
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Drug Delivery System, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
VanKeulen-Miller R, Fenton OS. Messenger RNA Therapy for Female Reproductive Health. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:393-409. [PMID: 38189262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Female reproductive health has traditionally been an underrepresented area of research in the drug delivery sciences. This disparity is also seen in the emerging field of mRNA therapeutics, a class of medicines that promises to treat and prevent disease by upregulating protein expression in the body. Here, we review advances in mRNA therapies through the lens of improving female reproductive health. Specifically, we begin our review by discussing the fundamental structure and biochemical modifications associated with mRNA-based drugs. Then, we discuss various packaging technologies, including lipid nanoparticles, that can be utilized to protect and transport mRNA drugs to target cells in the body. Last, we conclude our review by discussing the usage of mRNA therapy for addressing pregnancy-related health and vaccination against sexually transmitted diseases in women. Of note, we also highlight relevant clinical trials using mRNA for female reproductive health while also providing their corresponding National Clinical Trial identifiers. In undertaking this review, our aim is to provide a fundamental background understanding of mRNA therapy and its usage to specifically address female health issues with an overarching goal of providing information toward addressing gender disparity in certain aspects of health research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel VanKeulen-Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Owen S Fenton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li Y, Moein Moghimi S, Simberg D. Complement-dependent uptake of nanoparticles by blood phagocytes: brief overview and perspective. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103044. [PMID: 38091875 PMCID: PMC11214757 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Immune recognition and uptake of nanoparticles remain the hot topic in nanomedicine research. Complement is the central player in the immune recognition of engineered nanoparticles. Here, we summarize the accumulated knowledge on the role of complement in the interactions of nanomaterials with blood phagocytes. We describe the interplay between surface properties, complement opsonization, and immune uptake, primarily of iron oxide nanoparticles. We discuss the rigor of the published research and further identify the following knowledge gaps: 1) the role of complement in the variability of uptake of nanomaterials in healthy and diseased subjects, and 2) modulation of complement interactions to improve the performance of nanomaterials. Addressing these gaps is critical to improving translational chances of nanomaterials for drug delivery and imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Translational Bio-Nanosciences Laboratory, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dmitri Simberg
- Translational Bio-Nanosciences Laboratory, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chen SP, Blakney AK. Immune response to the components of lipid nanoparticles for ribonucleic acid therapeutics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103049. [PMID: 38118363 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid therapeutics have advantages over biologics and small molecules, including lower safety risks, cheaper costs, and extensive targeting flexibility, which is rapidly fueling the expansion of the field. This is made possible by breakthroughs in the field of drug delivery, wherein lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are one of the most clinically advanced systems. LNP formulations that are currently approved for clinical use typically contain an ionizable cationic lipid, a phospholipid, cholesterol, and a polyethylene glycol-lipid; each contributes to the stability and/or effectiveness of LNPs. In this review, we discuss the immunomodulatory effects associated with each of the lipid components. We highlight several studies in which the components of LNPs have been implicated in cellular sensing and explore the pathways involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny P Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anna K Blakney
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li Z, Ma A, Miller I, Starnes R, Talkington A, Stone CA, Phillips EJ, Choudhary SK, Commins SP, Lai SK. Development of anti-PEG IgG/IgM/IgE ELISA assays for profiling anti-PEG immunoglobulin response in PEG-sensitized individuals and patients with alpha-gal allergy. J Control Release 2024; 366:342-348. [PMID: 38182056 PMCID: PMC11182197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is frequently used in various protein and nanomedicine therapeutics. However, various studies have shown that select PEGylated therapeutics can induce production of anti-PEG antibodies (APA), potentially culminating in rapid clearance from the systemic circulation, loss of efficacy and possibly increased risks of allergic reactions. Although IgE is a frequent cause of immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHR), the role of IgE APA in PEG-related IHR is not well understood, due in part to a lack of standardized assays for measuring IgE APA. Here, we developed a rigorous competitive ELISA method to measure the concentrations of various APA isotypes, including IgE, with picomolar sensitivities. In a small number of serum samples from patients with known PEG allergy, the assay allowed us to detect a strong correlation between IgG and IgE APA in individuals with history of allergic reactions to PEG or PEGylated drugs, but not between IgM and IgE APA. We detected appreciable levels of IgG and IgM APA in individuals with history of alpha-gal allergy, however, they were not elevated relative to those detected in other healthy controls, and we found no pre-existing IgE APA. While preliminary and should be further investigated, these results suggest that differences in the route and mechanism of PEG exposure may drive variability in APA response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Li
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ian Miller
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rachel Starnes
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anne Talkington
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cosby A Stone
- Center for Drug Safety and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Center for Drug Safety and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shailesh K Choudhary
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott P Commins
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sun J, Chen J, Sun Y, Hou Y, Liu Z, Lu H. On the origin of the low immunogenicity and biosafety of a neutral α-helical polypeptide as an alternative to polyethylene glycol. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:333-343. [PMID: 37927900 PMCID: PMC10622589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a prominent synthetic polymer widely used in biomedicine. Despite its notable success, recent clinical evidence highlights concerns regarding the immunogenicity and adverse effects associated with PEG in PEGylated proteins and lipid nanoparticles. Previous studies have found a neutral helical polypeptide poly(γ-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl l-glutamate), namely L-P(EG3Glu), as a potential alternative to PEG, displaying lower immunogenicity. To comprehensively assess the immunogenicity, distribution, degradation, and biosafety of L-P(EG3Glu), herein, we employ assays including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, positron emission tomography-computed tomography, and fluorescent resonance energy transfer. Our investigations involve in vivo immune responses, biodistribution, and macrophage activation of interferon (IFN) conjugates tethered with helical L-P(EG3Glu) (L20k-IFN), random-coiled DL-P(EG3Glu) (DL20k-IFN), and PEG (PEG20k-IFN). Key findings encompass: minimal anti-IFN and anti-polymer antibodies elicited by L20k-IFN; length-dependent affinity of PEG to anti-PEG antibodies; accelerated clearance of DL20k-IFN and PEG20k-IFN linked to anti-IFN and anti-polymer IgG; complement activation for DL20k-IFN and PEG20k-IFN but not L20k-IFN; differential clearance with L20k-IFN kidney-based, and DL20k-IFN/PEG20k-IFN accumulation mainly in liver/spleen; enhanced macrophage activation by DL20k-IFN and PEG20k-IFN; L-P(EG3Glu) resistance to proteolysis; and safer repeated administrations of L-P(EG3Glu) in rats. Overall, this study offers comprehensive insights into the lower immunogenicity of L-P(EG3Glu) compared to DL-P(EG3Glu) and PEG, supporting its potential clinical use in protein conjugation and nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University–Tsinghua University Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang M, Zhang Z, Jin P, Jiang K, Xu Y, Pan F, Tian K, Yuan Z, Liu XE, Fu J, Wang B, Yan H, Zhan C, Zhang Z. Effects of PEG antibodies on in vivo performance of LNP-mRNA vaccines. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123695. [PMID: 38081560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) plays important roles in stabilizing and lengthening circulation time of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines. Nowadays various levels of PEG antibodies have been detected in human blood, but the impact and mechanism of PEG antibodies on the in vivo performance of LNP vaccines has not been clarified thoroughly. By illustrating the distribution characteristics of PEG antibodies in human, the present study focused on the influence of PEG antibodies on the safety and efficacy of LNP-mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 in animal models. It was found that PEG antibodies led to shortened blood circulation duration, elevated accumulation and mRNA expression in liver and spleen, enhanced expression in macrophage and dendritic cells, while without affecting the production of anti-Spike protein antibodies of COVID-19 LNP vaccine. Noteworthily, PEG antibodies binding on the LNP vaccine increased probability of complement activation in animal as well as in human serum and led to lethal side effect in large dosage via intravenous injection of mice. Our data suggested that PEG antibodies in human was a risky factor of LNP-based vaccines for biosafety concerns but not efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Pengpeng Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Department of Chronic Disease Management, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, PR China
| | - Kuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Yifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 PR China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Kaisong Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Zhou Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | | | - Jiaru Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Huafang Yan
- Department of Health Management, Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, PR China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Synthetic Immunology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Zui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Pudong Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang H, Vandesompele J, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Remaut K. Nucleic acid degradation as barrier to gene delivery: a guide to understand and overcome nuclease activity. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:317-360. [PMID: 38073448 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00194f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is on its way to revolutionize the treatment of both inherited and acquired diseases, by transferring nucleic acids to correct a disease-causing gene in the target cells of patients. In the fight against infectious diseases, mRNA-based therapeutics have proven to be a viable strategy in the recent Covid-19 pandemic. Although a growing number of gene therapies have been approved, the success rate is limited when compared to the large number of preclinical and clinical trials that have been/are being performed. In this review, we highlight some of the hurdles which gene therapies encounter after administration into the human body, with a focus on nucleic acid degradation by nucleases that are extremely abundant in mammalian organs, biological fluids as well as in subcellular compartments. We overview the available strategies to reduce the biodegradation of gene therapeutics after administration, including chemical modifications of the nucleic acids, encapsulation into vectors and co-administration with nuclease inhibitors and discuss which strategies are applied for clinically approved nucleic acid therapeutics. In the final part, we discuss the currently available methods and techniques to qualify and quantify the integrity of nucleic acids, with their own strengths and limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heyang Zhang
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shimizu T, Lila ASA, Kitayama Y, Abe R, Takata H, Ando H, Ishima Y, Ishida T. Peritoneal B Cells Play a Role in the Production of Anti-polyethylene Glycol (PEG) IgM against Intravenously Injected siRNA-PEGylated Liposome Complexes. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:469-477. [PMID: 38383000 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified (PEGylated) cationic liposomes are frequently used as delivery vehicles for small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based drugs because of their ability to encapsulate/complex with siRNA and prolong the circulation half-life in vivo. Nevertheless, we have reported that subsequent intravenous (IV) injections of siRNA complexed with PEGylated cationic liposomes (PLpx) induces the production of anti-PEG immunoglobulin M (IgM), which accelerates the blood clearance of subsequent doses of PLpx and other PEGylated products. In this study, it is interesting that splenectomy (removal of spleen) did not prevent anti-PEG IgM induction by IV injection of PLpx. This indicates that B cells other than the splenic version are involved in anti-PEG IgM production under these conditions. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that peritoneal cells also secrete anti-PEG IgM in response to the administration of PLpx. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a glycoprotein that is secreted by peritoneal immune cells and has been detected in response to the in vivo administration of PLpx. These observations indicate that IV injection of PLpx stimulates the proliferation/differentiation of peritoneal PEG-specific B cells into plasma cells via IL-6 induction, which results in the production of anti-PEG IgM from the peritoneal cavity of mice. Our results suggest the mutual contribution of peritoneal B cells as a potent anti-PEG immune response against PLpx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Amr S Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hail University
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University
| | - Yuka Kitayama
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Ryo Abe
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Haruka Takata
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hidenori Ando
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University
| |
Collapse
|