1
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Chen X, Dou X, Qiu W. Promising strategies for smart insulin delivery system: Glucose-sensitive microneedle. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 278:116793. [PMID: 39216380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The diabetes treatment landscape is rapidly evolving towards intelligent and precise therapeutic interventions. Among these advancements, glucose-sensitive microneedle patches (GSMPs), which can automatically adjust the transdermal release rate of insulin based on glucose concentrations, are emerging as a promising strategy. In this work, a new classification method has been proposed for GSMPs, categorizing them into integrated, all-in-one, and core-shell structures. The working mechanism and performance of GSMPs are thoroughly analyzed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of these three forms. The correlation between glucose-sensitive performance and normal blood glucose maintenance time (NGT) is further explored. Our findings indicate that all-in-one GSMPs demonstrate a positive correlation between in vitro glucose-sensitive controlled-release performance and NGT, unlike assembled GSMPs, where the performance is influenced by the matrix material and crosslinking factors. Simultaneously, challenges in clinical translation and future development trends are discussed from a patient's perspective. In summary, the new classification method, in-depth explanation of mechanisms, and analysis of challenges in this work contribute to a better understanding of the field of GSMPs and provide guidance for the development of more advanced and efficient GSMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Dou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, 313000, PR China.
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2
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Kim G, Ahn H, Chaj Ulloa J, Gao W. Microneedle sensors for dermal interstitial fluid analysis. MED-X 2024; 2:15. [PMID: 39363915 PMCID: PMC11445365 DOI: 10.1007/s44258-024-00028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement in personalized healthcare has driven the development of wearable biomedical devices for real-time biomarker monitoring and diagnosis. Traditional invasive blood-based diagnostics are painful and limited to sporadic health snapshots. To address these limitations, microneedle-based sensing platforms have emerged, utilizing interstitial fluid (ISF) as an alternative biofluid for continuous health monitoring in a minimally invasive and painless manner. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of microneedle sensor technology, covering microneedle design, fabrication methods, and sensing strategy. Additionally, it explores the integration of monitoring electronics for continuous on-body monitoring. Representative applications of microneedle sensing platforms for both monitoring and therapeutic purposes are introduced, highlighting their potential to revolutionize personalized healthcare. Finally, the review discusses the remaining challenges and future prospects of microneedle technology. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwangmook Kim
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Hyunah Ahn
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Joshua Chaj Ulloa
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
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3
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Li Z, Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu Z, Chang Z, Deng Y, Qi X. Microneedles-Based Theranostic Platform: From the Past to the Future. ACS NANO 2024; 18:23876-23893. [PMID: 39177073 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Fully integrated theranostic devices are highly esteemed in clinical applications, offering immense potential in real-time disease monitoring and personalized care. Microneedles (MNs), as innovative and wearable devices, boast important advantages in biosensing and therapy, thus holding significant promise in the advancement of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Encouragingly, advancements in electrochemical sensing technology, micronano fabrication, and biocompatible materials are propelling momentum for MNs-based closed-loop systems, enhancing detection capabilities, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the notable progress in integrating MN chips with other biochips signifies a frontier for growth. Successful clinical trials in target molecule monitoring and drug delivery domains herald excellent clinical translational prospects for the aforementioned theranostic platform. Finally, we delineate both challenges and opportunities in the development of integrated diagnostic and therapeutic MN systems, including continuous monitoring, intelligent control algorithms, safety, and regulatory considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruiwei Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziyong Chang
- Civil and Resource Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyue Qi
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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4
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Liu Y, Yang L, Cui Y. A wearable, rapidly manufacturable, stability-enhancing microneedle patch for closed-loop diabetes management. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:112. [PMID: 39166137 PMCID: PMC11333613 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The development of a wearable, easy-to-fabricate, and stable intelligent minisystem is highly desired for the closed-loop management of diabetes. Conventional systems always suffer from large size, high cost, low stability, or complex fabrication. Here, we show for the first time a wearable, rapidly manufacturable, stability-enhancing microneedle patch for diabetes management. The patch consists of a graphene composite ink-printed sensor on hollow microneedles, a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functionalized electroosmotic micropump integrated with the microneedles, and a printed circuit board for precise and intelligent control of the sensor and pump to detect interstitial glucose and deliver insulin through the hollow channels. Via synthesizing and printing the graphene composite ink, the sensor fabrication process is fast and the sensing electrodes are stable. The PEG functionalization enables the micropump a significantly higher stability in delivering insulin, extending its lifetime from days to weeks. The patch successfully demonstrated excellent blood glucose control in diabetic rats. This work may introduce a new paradigm for building new closed-loop systems and shows great promise for widespread use in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100034 China
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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5
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Pei S, Babity S, Sara Cordeiro A, Brambilla D. Integrating microneedles and sensing strategies for diagnostic and monitoring applications: The state of the art. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115341. [PMID: 38797317 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) offer minimally-invasive access to interstitial fluid (ISF) - a potent alternative to blood in terms of monitoring physiological analytes. This property is particularly advantageous for the painless detection and monitoring of drugs and biomolecules. However, the complexity of the skin environment, coupled with the inherent nature of the analytes being detected and the inherent physical properties of MNs, pose challenges when conducting physiological monitoring using this fluid. In this review, we discuss different sensing mechanisms and highlight advancements in monitoring different targets, with a particular focus on drug monitoring. We further list the current challenges facing the field and conclude by discussing aspects of MN design which serve to enhance their performance when monitoring different classes of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Pei
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Samuel Babity
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Ana Sara Cordeiro
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, United Kingdom.
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada.
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6
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Luo X, Xie J, Yang L, Cui Y. An intelligent wearable artificial pancreas patch based on a microtube glucose sensor and an ultrasonic insulin pump. Talanta 2024; 273:125879. [PMID: 38490022 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
In order to improve the living standards of diabetes patients and reduce the negative health effects of this disease, the medical community has been actively searching for more effective treatments. In recent years, an artificial pancreas has emerged as an important approach to managing diabetes. Despite these recent advances, meeting the requirements for miniaturized size, accurate sensing and large-volume pumping capability remains a great challenge. Here, we present a novel miniaturized artificial pancreas based on a long microtube sensor integrated with an ultrasonic pump. Our device meets the requirements of achieving both accurate sensing and high pumping capacity. The artificial pancreas is constructed based on a long microtube that is low cost, painless and simple to operate, where the exterior of the microtube is fabricated as a glucose sensor for detecting diabetes and the interior of the microtube is used as a channel for delivering insulin through an ultrasonic pump. This work successfully achieved closed-loop control of blood glucose and treatment of diabetes in rats. It is expected that this work can open up new methodologies for the development of microsystems, and advance the management approach for diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Jiaye Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
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7
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Pereira R, Vinayakumar KB, Sillankorva S. Polymeric Microneedles for Health Care Monitoring: An Emerging Trend. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2294-2309. [PMID: 38654679 PMCID: PMC11129353 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bioanalyte collection by blood draw is a painful process, prone to needle phobia and injuries. Microneedles can be engineered to penetrate the epidermal skin barrier and collect analytes from the interstitial fluid, arising as a safe, painless, and effective alternative to hypodermic needles. Although there are plenty of reviews on the various types of microneedles and their use as drug delivery systems, there is a lack of systematization on the application of polymeric microneedles for diagnosis. In this review, we focus on the current state of the art of this field, while providing information on safety, preclinical and clinical trials, and market distribution, to outline what we believe will be the future of health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel
L. Pereira
- INL − International Iberian
Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - K. B. Vinayakumar
- INL − International Iberian
Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sanna Sillankorva
- INL − International Iberian
Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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8
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Martínez-Navarrete M, Pérez-López A, Guillot AJ, Cordeiro AS, Melero A, Aparicio-Blanco J. Latest advances in glucose-responsive microneedle-based systems for transdermal insulin delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130301. [PMID: 38382776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of a self-regulated minimally invasive system for insulin delivery can be considered as the holy grail in the field of diabetes mellitus. A delivery system capable of releasing insulin in response to blood glucose levels would significantly improve the quality of life of diabetic patients, eliminating the need for frequent finger-prick tests and providing better glycaemic control with lower risk of hypoglycaemia. In this context, the latest advances in glucose-responsive microneedle-based transdermal insulin delivery are here compiled with a thorough analysis of the delivery mechanisms and challenges lying ahead in their clinical translation. Two main groups of microneedle-based systems have been developed so far: glucose oxidase-containing and phenylboronic acid-containing systems. Both strategies in combination have also been tested and two other novel strategies are under development, namely electronic closed-loop and glucose transporter-based systems. Results from preclinical studies conducted using these different types of glucose-triggered release systems are comprehensively discussed. Altogether, this analysis from both a mechanistic and translational perspective will provide rationale and/or guidance for future trends in the research hotspot of glucose-responsive microneedle-based insulin delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Martínez-Navarrete
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alexandre Pérez-López
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio José Guillot
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Sara Cordeiro
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Ana Melero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Aparicio-Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Li H, Tan P, Rao Y, Bhattacharya S, Wang Z, Kim S, Gangopadhyay S, Shi H, Jankovic M, Huh H, Li Z, Maharjan P, Wells J, Jeong H, Jia Y, Lu N. E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3220-3283. [PMID: 38465831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The human body continuously emits physiological and psychological information from head to toe. Wearable electronics capable of noninvasively and accurately digitizing this information without compromising user comfort or mobility have the potential to revolutionize telemedicine, mobile health, and both human-machine or human-metaverse interactions. However, state-of-the-art wearable electronics face limitations regarding wearability and functionality due to the mechanical incompatibility between conventional rigid, planar electronics and soft, curvy human skin surfaces. E-Tattoos, a unique type of wearable electronics, are defined by their ultrathin and skin-soft characteristics, which enable noninvasive and comfortable lamination on human skin surfaces without causing obstruction or even mechanical perception. This review article offers an exhaustive exploration of e-tattoos, accounting for their materials, structures, manufacturing processes, properties, functionalities, applications, and remaining challenges. We begin by summarizing the properties of human skin and their effects on signal transmission across the e-tattoo-skin interface. Following this is a discussion of the materials, structural designs, manufacturing, and skin attachment processes of e-tattoos. We classify e-tattoo functionalities into electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical sensing, as well as wound healing and other treatments. After discussing energy harvesting and storage capabilities, we outline strategies for the system integration of wireless e-tattoos. In the end, we offer personal perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbian Li
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Philip Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yifan Rao
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sarnab Bhattacharya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zheliang Wang
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sangjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Susmita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hongyang Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Matija Jankovic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Heeyong Huh
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhengjie Li
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pukar Maharjan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jonathan Wells
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yaoyao Jia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nanshu Lu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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10
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Yang Q, Zhang Z, Lin J, Zhu B, Yu R, Li X, Su B, Zhao B. Multilayer track-etched membrane-based electroosmotic pump for drug delivery. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:433-441. [PMID: 38161243 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report an electroosmotic pump (EOP) based on a multilayer track-etched polycarbonate (PC) membrane. A remarkable increase of maximum backpressure (198.2-2400 mmH2 O) of a fundamental pump unit was obtained at 0.8 mA, when the number of PC membranes was increased from 1 to 10. Meanwhile, the corresponding flow rate was increased from 80.3 to 111.7 µL/min. Furthermore, multiple pump units were assembled in series to obtain a multistage EOP. For a three-stage EOP (EOP-3), the operating voltage and power can be decreased significantly by 52%-72% under different driving currents, with a minimum power of 26.7 µW. Thus, EOP-3 can run stably over 35 h at a pulse current of 0.1 mA without the generation of gas bubbles. The pump was further integrated into a miniature device, which was successfully used to decrease the blood glucose level of diabetic rats by subcutaneous delivery of fast-acting insulin. This work brings a facile and efficient strategy to enhance the backpressure and lower the operating voltage and power of EOPs, which may find promising applications in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Internet of Things Research Center, Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zebo Zhang
- Internet of Things Research Center, Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Junshu Lin
- Internet of Things Research Center, Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Boyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rongying Yu
- Internet of Things Research Center, Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinru Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bin Su
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang C, Luo X, Yang L, Cui Y. Wearable filamentary continuous sensor for interstitial glucose detection in diabetes management. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1290:342169. [PMID: 38246737 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel diabetes monitoring sensors is important for the diabetes management of millions of diabetic patients. This work reports a flexible filamentary continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor. A multilayer CGM sensor has been constructed on titanium filament with low cost and ease of use. The sensor, made of flexible material, offers better adaptability and comfort than traditional rigid filament CGM sensors, allowing continuous monitoring of subcutaneous blood glucose levels to provide patients with treatment strategies. The performance and reliability of the sensor were verified through rat experiments. The trend of the increase and decrease of the detected current was generally consistent with the actual blood glucose, and the detected values were located in regions A and B of the Clarke error grid. The results show that the sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high accuracy and fast response speed, which is suitable for monitoring the blood glucose level for a long time and has a broad application prospect in diabetes monitoring, exercise monitoring, health management and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100034, PR China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
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12
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Wang X, Wang Z, Xiao M, Li Z, Zhu Z. Advances in biomedical systems based on microneedles: design, fabrication, and application. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:530-563. [PMID: 37971423 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01551c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Wearable devices have become prevalent in biomedical studies due to their convenient portability and potential utility in biomarker monitoring for healthcare. Accessing interstitial fluid (ISF) across the skin barrier, microneedle (MN) is a promising minimally invasive wearable technology for transdermal sensing and drug delivery. MN has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional transdermal drug administration, making it another prospective mode of drug delivery after oral and injectable. Subsequently, combining MN with multiple sensing approaches has led to its extensive application to detect biomarkers in ISF. In this context, employing MN platforms and control schemes to merge diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities into theranostic systems will facilitate on-demand therapy and point-of-care diagnostics, paving the way for future MN technologies. A comprehensive analysis of the growing advances of microneedles in biomedical systems is presented in this review to summarize the latest studies for academics in the field and to offer for reference the issues that need to be addressed in MN application for healthcare. Covering an array of novel studies, we discuss the following main topics: classification of microneedles in the biomedical field, considerations of MN design, current applications of microneedles in diagnosis and therapy, and the regulatory landscape and prospects of microneedles for biomedical applications. This review sheds light on the significance of microneedle-based innovations, presenting an analysis of their potential implications and contributions to the community of wearable healthcare technologies. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the field's current state and potential, making it a valuable resource for academics and clinicians seeking to harness the full potential of MN applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Zifeng Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Zhanhong Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China.
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13
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Watkins Z, McHenry A, Heikenfeld J. Wearing the Lab: Advances and Challenges in Skin-Interfaced Systems for Continuous Biochemical Sensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 187:223-282. [PMID: 38273210 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Continuous, on-demand, and, most importantly, contextual data regarding individual biomarker concentrations exemplify the holy grail for personalized health and performance monitoring. This is well-illustrated for continuous glucose monitoring, which has drastically improved outcomes and quality of life for diabetic patients over the past 2 decades. Recent advances in wearable biosensing technologies (biorecognition elements, transduction mechanisms, materials, and integration schemes) have begun to make monitoring of other clinically relevant analytes a reality via minimally invasive skin-interfaced devices. However, several challenges concerning sensitivity, specificity, calibration, sensor longevity, and overall device lifetime must be addressed before these systems can be made commercially viable. In this chapter, a logical framework for developing a wearable skin-interfaced device for a desired application is proposed with careful consideration of the feasibility of monitoring certain analytes in sweat and interstitial fluid and the current development of the tools available to do so. Specifically, we focus on recent advancements in the engineering of biorecognition elements, the development of more robust signal transduction mechanisms, and novel integration schemes that allow for continuous quantitative analysis. Furthermore, we highlight the most compelling and promising prospects in the field of wearable biosensing and the challenges that remain in translating these technologies into useful products for disease management and for optimizing human performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Watkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Adam McHenry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jason Heikenfeld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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14
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Fratus M, Alam MA. Performance gain and electro-mechanical design optimization of microneedles for wearable sensor systems. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 26:4. [PMID: 38095755 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive microneedle (MN) is an emerging technology platform for wearable and implantable diagnostics and therapeutics systems. These short MNs offer pain-free insertion and simple operation. Among the MN technologies proposed to enhance interstitial fluid (ISF) extraction, porous and swellable (P-S) hydrogels absorb analyte molecules across the entire lateral surface. Currently, the design, development, and optimization of the MNs rely on empirical, iterative approaches. Based on theory of fluid flow and analyte diffusion through geometrically complex biomimetic systems, here we derive a generalized physics-guided model for P-S MN sensors. The framework (a) quantifies MN extracting efficiency [Formula: see text] in terms of its geometric and physical properties, and (b) suggests strategies to optimize sensor response while satisfying the mechanical constraints related to various skin-types (e.g., mouse, pig, humans, etc.). Our results show that, despite the differences in geometry and composition, P-S MNs obey a universal scaling response, [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] being MN length, diffusivity, and radius, respectively, and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the ratio between approximate vs. exact analytical solutions, the effective biofluid transfer coefficient between dermis and skin, and the exponent for the power-law approximation, respectively. These parameters quantify the biomolecule transfer through the dermis-to-MN interface at different scaling limits. P-S MNs outperform hollow MNs by a 2-6x enhancement factor; however, the buckling-limit of insertion defines the maximized functionality of the sensor. Our model, validated against experimental results and numerical simulations, offers a predictive design framework to significantly reduce the optimization time for P-S MN-based sensor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fratus
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47906, Indiana, USA.
| | - Muhammad Ashraful Alam
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47906, Indiana, USA
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15
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Sun H, Zheng Y, Shi G, Haick H, Zhang M. Wearable Clinic: From Microneedle-Based Sensors to Next-Generation Healthcare Platforms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207539. [PMID: 36950771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of wearable biosensing calls for next-generation devices that allow continuous, real-time, and painless monitoring of health status along with responsive medical treatment. Microneedles have exhibited great potential for the direct access of dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) in a minimally invasive manner. Recent studies of microneedle-based devices have evolved from conventional off-line detection to multiplexed, wireless, and integrated sensing. In this review, the classification and fabrication techniques of microneedles are first introduced, and then the representative examples of microneedles for transdermal monitoring with different sensing modalities are summarized. State-of-the-art advances in therapeutic and closed-loop systems are presented to formulate guidelines for the development of next-generation microneedle-based healthcare platforms. The potential challenges and prospects are discussed to pave a new avenue toward pragmatic applications in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Youbin Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 320003, Israel
| | - Guoyue Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 320003, Israel
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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16
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Zhu B, Li X, Zhu L, Qi M, Cao J, Zhou L, Su B. In Vivo Electrochemical Measurement of Glucose Variation in the Brain of Early Diabetic Mice. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4064-4070. [PMID: 37950693 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by a decrease in insulin level or insulin resistance. Diabetes also has detrimental effects on the brain, which can lead to the injury of the blood-brain barrier and influence the glucose transport. In this study, we use in vivo electrochemical measurement to explore the glucose variation in the brain of early diabetic mice. The glucose level in mice brain is measured using a carbon fiber microelectrode modified with the osmium-derivatized polymer and glucose oxidase. The electrode shows an excellent electrochemical performance, antibiofouling ability, and high stability, which can work stably in the mice brain for 2 h. By monitoring the glucose level in the brain of normal and diabetic mice after injection of concentrated glucose solution into the abdominal cavity, it is found that the variation of cerebral glucose decreases by ∼2 fold for diabetic mice. It is proposed that diabetes can downregulate the activity of glucose transporter in the brain and finally inhibit the brain glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinru Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lihang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Min Qi
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiayi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Parrilla M, Detamornrat U, Domínguez-Robles J, Tunca S, Donnelly RF, De Wael K. Wearable Microneedle-Based Array Patches for Continuous Electrochemical Monitoring and Drug Delivery: Toward a Closed-Loop System for Methotrexate Treatment. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4161-4170. [PMID: 37856156 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Wearable devices based on microneedle (MN) technology have recently emerged as tools for in situ transdermal sensing or delivery in interstitial fluid (ISF). Particularly, MN-based electrochemical sensors allow the continuous monitoring of analytes in a minimally invasive manner through ISF. Exogenous small molecules found in ISF such as therapeutic drugs are ideal candidates for MN sensors due to their correlation with blood levels and their relevance for the optimal management of personalized therapies. Herein, a hollow MN array patch is modified with conductive pastes and functionalized with cross-linked chitosan to develop an MN-based voltammetric sensor for continuous monitoring of methotrexate (MTX). Interestingly, the chitosan coating avoids biofouling while enabling the adsorption of MTX at the electrode's surface for sensitive analysis. The MN sensor exhibits excellent analytical performance in vitro with protein-enriched artificial ISF and ex vivo under a Franz diffusion cell configuration. The MN sensor shows a linear range from 25 to 400 μM, which fits within the therapeutic range of high-dose MTX treatment for cancer patients and an excellent continuous operation for more than two days. Moreover, an iontophoretic hollow MN array patch is developed with the integration of both the anode and cathode in the single MN array patch. The ex vivo characterization demonstrates the transdermal on-demand drug delivery of MTX. Overall, the combination of both MN patches represents impactful progress in closed-loop systems for therapeutic drug management in disorders such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, or psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parrilla
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Usanee Detamornrat
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Seville, 97 Lisburn Road, Seville 41004, Spain
| | - Sensu Tunca
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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18
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Morris S, Long M, Savage A, Owen A, Rannard S, Cauldbeck H. Ex vivo transdermal delivery of 3H-labelled atovaquone solid drug nanoparticles: a comparison of topical, intradermal injection and microneedle assisted administration. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6400-6404. [PMID: 38024306 PMCID: PMC10662085 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00454f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Inherent barrier properties of the skin impose significant challenges to the transdermal delivery of drugs to systemic circulation. Here, the ex vivo transdermal permeation and deposition of an anti-malarial prophylactic atovaquone solid drug nanoformulation is radiometrically evaluated following application of a solid microneedle format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Morris
- Radiomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Mark Long
- Unilever Research Centre Port Sunlight, Quarry Road East, Bebington Wirral CH63 3JW UK
| | - Alison Savage
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Steve Rannard
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool Oxford Street Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Helen Cauldbeck
- Radiomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
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19
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Ma X, Zhou Q, Gao B. Recent advances of biosensors on microneedles. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5711-5730. [PMID: 37873722 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01745a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have attracted a considerable attention in recent years due to their enormous potential to provide insights into the physical condition of individuals. However, the widespread use of biosensors has experienced difficulties regarding the stability of the biological response and the poor miniaturization and portability of biosensors. Hence, there is an urgent need for more reliable biosensor devices. Microneedle (MN) technology has become a revolutionary approach to biosensing strategies, setting new horizons for improving existing biosensors. MN-based biosensors allow for painless injection, and in situ extraction or monitoring. However, the accuracy and practicality of detection need to be improved. This review begins by discussing the classification of MNs, manufacturing methods and other design parameters to develop a more accurate MN-based detection sensing system. Herein, we categorize and analyze the energy supply of wearable biosensors. Specifically, we describe the detection methods of MN biosensors, such as electrochemical, optical, nucleic acid recognition and immunoassays, and how MNs can be combined with these methods to detect biomarkers. Furthermore, we provide a detailed overview of the latest applications (drug release, drug detection, etc.). The MN-based biosensors are followed by a summary of key challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Bingbing Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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20
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Zhang S, Yang L, Liu J, Li H, Hong S, Hong L. Microneedle systems: cell, exosome, and nucleic acid based strategies. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7018-7033. [PMID: 37779477 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01103h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells, exosomes, and nucleic acids play crucial roles in biomedical engineering, holding substantial clinical potential. However, their utility is often hindered by various drawbacks, including cellular immunogenicity, and instability of exosomes and nucleic acids. In recent years, microneedle (MN) technology has revolutionized drug delivery by offering minimal invasiveness and remarkable versatility. MN has emerged as an ideal platform for the extraction, storage, and delivery of these biological components. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the historical progression and recent advances in the field of MN. Specifically, it highlights the current applications of cell-, exosome-, and nucleic acid-based MN systems, while presenting prevailing research challenges. Additionally, the review provides insights into the prospects of MN in this area, aiming to provide new ideas for researchers and facilitate the clinical translation of MN technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanyue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shasha Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Luo X, Yang L, Cui Y. Microneedles: materials, fabrication, and biomedical applications. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:20. [PMID: 37278852 PMCID: PMC10242236 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The microneedles have attracted great interests for a wide range of transdermal biomedical applications, such as biosensing and drug delivery, due to the advantages of being painless, semi-invasive, and sustainable. The ongoing challenges are the materials and fabrication methods of the microneedles in order to obtain a specific shape, configuration and function of the microneedles to achieve a target biomedical application. Here, this review would introduce the types of materials of the microneedles firstly. The hardness, Young's modulus, geometric structure, processability, biocompatibility and degradability of the microneedles are explored as well. Then, the fabrication methods for the solid and hollow microneedles in recent years are reviewed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of each process are analyzed and compared. Finally, the biomedical applications of the microneedles are reviewed, including biosensing, drug delivery, body fluid extraction, and nerve stimulation. It is expected that this work provides the fundamental knowledge for developing new microneedle devices, as well as the applications in a variety of biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Zhang R, Miao Q, Deng D, Wu J, Miao Y, Li Y. Research progress of advanced microneedle drug delivery system and its application in biomedicine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 226:113302. [PMID: 37086686 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is an effective way of drug delivery in addition to oral and intravenous administration. Among them, microneedle administration is a new type of subcutaneous drug delivery, which forms micron-level pores on the surface of the skin, making the drug enter the dermis through the cuticular layer of the skin in the least invasive way. This mode of drug delivery not only increases the permeation efficiency of transdermal drug delivery but also improves the bioavailability of drug delivery. At present, there are many kinds of research on microneedles, such as solid microneedles, hollow microneedles, soluble polymer microneedles, etc. However, some new microneedle drug delivery systems have been gradually developed and applied with the development of microneedle drug delivery technology, for meeting the more complex pathological environment. In this review, we focus on the principle, structure, and function of some new types of microneedles, such as stimulus-response microneedles, iontophoresis microneedles, and bionic microneedles. We summarize the effects of materials, geometry, and size on the properties of microneedles as well as their applications and potential developments in the field of biomedicine. We hope that this review can provide new ideas and help with the development of new microneedle drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qing Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Dan Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jingxiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
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23
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Liu T, Sun Y, Jiang G, Zhang W, Wang R, Nie L, Shavandi A, Yunusov KE, Aharodnikau UE, Solomevich SO. Porcupine-inspired microneedles coupled with an adhesive back patching as dressing for accelerating diabetic wound healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 160:32-44. [PMID: 36764593 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes chronic wound is a severe and frequently occurring medical issue in patients with diabetes that often leads to more serious complications. Microneedles (MNs) can be used for wound healing as they can effectively pierce the epidermis and inject drugs into the wound tissue. However, common MN patches cannot provide sufficient skin adhesion to prevent detachment from the wound area. Inspired by the barb hangnail microstructure of porcupine quills, a porcupine quill-like multilayer MN patch with an adhesive back patching for tissue adhesion and diabetic wound healing was designed. Sodium hyaluronate-modified CaO2 nanoparticles and metformin (hypoglycemic agent) were loaded into the polycaprolactone tips of MNs, endowing them with exceptional antibacterial ability and hypoglycemic effect. A flexible and adhesive back patching was formed by polyacrylamide-polydopamine/Cu2+ composite hydrogel, which ensures that the MN patches do not peel off from the application sites and reduce bacterial infection. The bioinspired multilayer structure of MN patches exhibits satisfactory mechanical and antibacterial properties, which is a potential multifunctional dressing platform for promoting wound healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The porcupine quill-like microneedles (MNs) with PAM-PDA/Cu2+ (PPC) composite hydrogel back patching have been fabricated, which can enhance the adhesion property of MNs to the skin through a physical interlock of multilayer MNs and chemical bonding of hydrogel patching. CaO2-HA NPs and metformin were loaded into the polycaprolactone tips of MNs, endowing them with the exceptional antibacterial ability and hypoglycemic effect, which could accelerate diabetic wound healing. As a safe and effective strategy in transdermal delivery of drugs, the as-fabricated flexible multilayer MN patch with good antibacterial, hypoglycemic, and biocompatibility has been used to promote the healing of diabetic wound by releasing oxygen and inhibiting inflammation at the wound site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Guohua Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Biomaterials and Functional Fibers, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO10 BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Khaydar E Yunusov
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan
| | - Uladzislau E Aharodnikau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Sergey O Solomevich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220030, Belarus
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24
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Bakker E. Wearable Sensors. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1368-1370. [PMID: 36942872 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
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25
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Liu Y, Yu Q, Ye L, Yang L, Cui Y. A wearable, minimally-invasive, fully electrochemically-controlled feedback minisystem for diabetes management. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:421-436. [PMID: 36597970 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00797e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease affecting 10% of the population globally, and can lead to serious damage in the heart, kidneys, eyes, blood vessels or nerves. Commercial artificial closed-loop feedback systems can significantly improve diabetes management and save lives. However, they are large and expensive for users. Here, we demonstrate for the first time a wearable, minimally-invasive, fully electrochemically-controlled feedback minisystem for diabetes management. Both the working principles of the sensor and pump in the feedback system are based on electrochemical reactions. The smart minisystem was constructed based on integrating the thermoplastic polyurethane hollow microneedles with an electrochemical biosensing device on its outer layer and an electrochemical micropump facing the inner layer of the microneedles. The sensing device was constructed based on sputtering thin metal films through a shadow mask and electroplating Prussian blue on the surface of the microneedles, followed by the immobilization of glucose oxidase on the working electrode. The electrochemical micropump was constructed by sputtering the interdigital electrodes, followed by sealing with a thin elastic film, which was further integrated with the inner channels of the microneedles. Both the sensor and the pump were electrically powered. Via being controlled by a printed circuit board, the biosensing device monitored the levels of interstitial glucose continuously to drive the electrochemical pump to deliver insulin intelligently, in order to control blood glucose within the normal range. The closed-loop feedback system was studied for its capability in maintaining the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats under various physiological conditions. The utility of the intelligent feedback system was successfully demonstrated on diabetic rats for controlling the blood glucose levels within the normal range. The minisystem is wearable, small, cost-effective, precise, stable and painless. It is anticipated that this approach opens a new paradigm for the development of closed-loop diabetes minisystems and may lead to a compelling future for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
| | - Qi Yu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.
| | - Le Ye
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100034, P.R. China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
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Hoffman MSF, McKeage JW, Xu J, Ruddy BP, Nielsen PMF, Taberner AJ. Minimally invasive capillary blood sampling methods. Expert Rev Med Devices 2023; 20:5-16. [PMID: 36694960 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2023.2170783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whole blood samples, including arterial, venous, and capillary blood, are regularly used for disease diagnosis and monitoring. The global Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for a more resilient screening capacity. Minimally invasive sampling techniques, such as capillary blood sampling, are routinely used for point of care testing in the home healthcare setting and clinical settings such as the Intensive Care Unit with less pain and wounding than conventional venepuncture. AREAS COVERED In this manuscript, we aim to provide a overview of state-of-the-art of techniques for obtaining samples of capillary blood. We first review both established and novel methods for releasing blood from capillaries in the skin. Next, we provide a comparison of different capillary blood sampling methods based on their mechanism, testing site, puncture size, cost, wound geometry, healing, and perceptions of pain. Finally, we overview established and new methods for enhancing capillary blood collection. EXPERT OPINION We expect that microneedles will prove to be a preferred option for paediatric blood collection. The ability of microneedles to collect a capillary blood sample without pain will improve paediatric healthcare outcomes. Jet injection may prove to be a useful method for facilitating both blood collection and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James W McKeage
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jiali Xu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bryan P Ruddy
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Poul M F Nielsen
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J Taberner
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Liu Y, Yu Q, Luo X, Ye L, Yang L, Cui Y. A Microtube-Based Wearable Closed-Loop Minisystem for Diabetes Management. RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9870637. [PMID: 36349339 PMCID: PMC9639446 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9870637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a high blood glucose level, leading to both seriously acute and chronic complications. The closed-loop system is an ideal system for diabetes management. However, the large size and high cost of the commercial systems restrict their widespread uses. Here, we present for the first time a microtube-based wearable closed-loop minisystem for diabetes management. The closed-loop minisystem includes a biosensing device, an electroosmotic micropump, and a printed circuit board (PCB) with an algorithm. The microtube-based sensing device coated on the outer surface of the microtube is inserted into subcutaneous tissue for detecting interstitial glucose; the current signal for sensing glucose is processed by the PCB to power the electroosmotic micropump intelligently for the delivery of insulin into the subcutaneous tissue via the microtube channel. The closed-loop minisystem worn on a diabetic SD rat can successfully maintain its blood glucose level within a safe level. It is expected that this new closed-loop paradigm could open up new prospects for clinical diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, China
- First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, P. R., China
| | - Qi Yu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China
- Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R., China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, China
- First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, P. R., China
| | - Le Ye
- School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, P. R., China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China
- Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R., China
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, China
- First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, P. R., China
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28
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Subcutaneous amperometric biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring in diabetes. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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