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Chekan JR, Mydy LS, Pasquale MA, Kersten RD. Plant peptides - redefining an area of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:1020-1059. [PMID: 38411572 PMCID: PMC11253845 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00042g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Covering 1965 to February 2024Plants are prolific peptide chemists and are known to make thousands of different peptidic molecules. These peptides vary dramatically in their size, chemistry, and bioactivity. Despite their differences, all plant peptides to date are biosynthesized as ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Decades of research in plant RiPP biosynthesis have extended the definition and scope of RiPPs from microbial sources, establishing paradigms and discovering new families of biosynthetic enzymes. The discovery and elucidation of plant peptide pathways is challenging due to repurposing and evolution of housekeeping genes as both precursor peptides and biosynthetic enzymes and due to the low rates of gene clustering in plants. In this review, we highlight the chemistry, biosynthesis, and function of the known RiPP classes from plants and recommend a nomenclature for the recent addition of BURP-domain-derived RiPPs termed burpitides. Burpitides are an emerging family of cyclic plant RiPPs characterized by macrocyclic crosslinks between tyrosine or tryptophan side chains and other amino acid side chains or their peptide backbone that are formed by copper-dependent BURP-domain-containing proteins termed burpitide cyclases. Finally, we review the discovery of plant RiPPs through bioactivity-guided, structure-guided, and gene-guided approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Lisa S Mydy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Michael A Pasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Roland D Kersten
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Diya F, Rahioui I, Vallier A, Benhamou S, Sivignon C, Kfoury L, Rizk F, Da Silva P. Vicia sativa subsp. sativa native to the Middle East comprises Pea Albumin1 b-like homologs: A promising natural biopesticide. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26903. [PMID: 38439846 PMCID: PMC10909718 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The extensive and indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides in agriculture has led to adverse effects on human health, environmental pollution, and the emergence of pesticide-resistant pests. To mitigate these challenges, the development of environmentally friendly alternatives is crucial, with biopesticides emerging as promising solutions such as peptides. Legume seeds naturally contain diverse insecticidal peptides or proteins to combat pest attacks. One such peptide is PA1b (Pea Albumin 1, subunit b), a 37 amino acid extracted from pea seeds (Pisum sativum). PA1b has shown significant potential in controlling cereal weevils (Sitophilus spp.), a major pest of stored cereals. Here, we screened PA1b-like peptides in five wild seeds of vetches (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa) from the Middle East. Using a comprehensive set of biochemical, biological, and molecular techniques, we characterized different PA1b homologs and assessed their toxicity and expression profiles. Our results reveal that PA1b homolog from Vicia sativa subsp. sativa originating from turkey displays outstanding insecticidal activity against Sitophilus oryzae through binding to the receptor site found in the midgut of the insect. Moreover, it exhibits a strong cytotoxic effect against Sf9 cells. This cysteine-rich peptide shows sequence identity and the same hydrophobic pole as AG41, a tenfold more toxic isoform of PA1b from Medicago truncatula. Such observations pave the way for the development of bioinsecticides, with PA1b-like peptides as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Diya
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, Laboratoire d’Innovation Therapeutique, Fanar, Lebanon
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Agronomy, Plant Protection Department, Dekwaneh, Lebanon
| | - I. Rahioui
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A. Vallier
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - S. Benhamou
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C. Sivignon
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- INRAE, INSA Lyon, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - L. Kfoury
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Agronomy, Plant Protection Department, Dekwaneh, Lebanon
| | - F. Rizk
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, Laboratoire d’Innovation Therapeutique, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - P. Da Silva
- INSA Lyon, INRAE, BF2I, UMR203, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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3
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Dutta B, Loo S, Kam A, Tam JP. Plant-derived cell-penetrating microprotein α-astratide aM1 targets Akt signaling and alleviates insulin resistance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:293. [PMID: 37715850 PMCID: PMC10505102 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-resistant diabetes is a common metabolic disease with serious complications. Treatments directly addressing the underlying molecular mechanisms involving insulin resistance would be desirable. Our laboratory recently identified a proteolytic-resistant cystine-dense microprotein from huáng qí (Astragalus membranaceus) called α-astratide aM1, which shares high sequence homology to leginsulins. Here we show that aM1 is a cell-penetrating insulin mimetic, enters cells by endocytosis, and activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway independent of the insulin receptor leading to translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell surface to promote glucose uptake. We also showed that aM1 alters gene expression, suppresses lipid synthesis and uptake, and inhibits intracellular lipid accumulation in myotubes and adipocytes. By reducing intracellular lipid accumulation and preventing lipid-induced, PKCθ-mediated degradation of IRS1/2, aM1 restores glucose uptake to overcome insulin resistance. These findings highlight the potential of aM1 as a lead for developing orally bioavailable insulin mimetics to expand options for treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bamaprasad Dutta
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Shining Loo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Antony Kam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - James P Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
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De-Thier JS, Pyati P, Bell J, Readshaw JJ, Brown AP, Fitches EC. Heterologous production of the insecticidal pea seed albumin PA1 protein by Pichia pastoris and protein engineering to potentiate aphicidal activity via fusion to snowdrop lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA). Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:157. [PMID: 37592258 PMCID: PMC10436433 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New bioinsecticides with novel modes of action are urgently needed to minimise the environmental and safety hazards associated with the use of synthetic chemical pesticides and to combat growing levels of pesticide resistance. The pea seed albumin PA1b knottin peptide is the only known proteinaceous inhibitor of insect vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase) rotary proton pumps. Oral toxicity towards insect pests and an absence of activity towards mammals makes Pa1b an attractive candidate for development as a bioinsecticide. The purpose of this study was to investigate if Pichia pastoris could be used to express a functional PA1b peptide and if it's insecticidal activity could be enhanced via engineering to produce a fusion protein comprising the pea albumin protein fused to the mannose-specific snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA). RESULTS We report the production of a recombinant full-length pea albumin protein (designated PAF) and a fusion protein (PAF/GNA) comprised of PAF fused to the N-terminus of GNA in the yeast Pichia pastoris. PAF was orally toxic to pea (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and peach potato (Myzus persicae) aphids with respective, Day 5 LC50 values of 54 µM and 105 µM derived from dose-response assays. PAF/GNA was significantly more orally toxic as compared to PAF, with LC50 values tenfold (5 µM) and 3.3-fold (32 µM) lower for pea and peach potato aphids, respectively. By contrast, no phenotypic effects were observed for worker bumble bees (Bombus terristrus) fed PAF, GNA or PAF/GNA in acute toxicity assays. Confocal microscopy of pea aphid guts after pulse-chase feeding fluorescently labelled proteins provides evidence that enhanced efficacy of the fusion protein is attributable to localisation and retention of PAF/GNA to the gut epithelium. In contact assays the fusion protein was also found to be significantly more toxic towards A. pisum as compared to PAF, GNA or a combination of the two proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that GNA mediated binding to V-type ATPase pumps acts to potentiate the oral and contact aphicidal activity of PAF. This work highlights potential for the future commercial development of plant protein-based bioinsecticides that offer enhanced target specificity as compared to chemical pesticides, and compatibility with integrated pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S De-Thier
- School of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies Billingham, Billingham, TS23 1LH, UK
| | - Prashant Pyati
- School of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
- Plant Biotechnology Research Centre, Ajeet Seeds Pvt. Ltd, Aurangabad, 431133, India
| | - Jack Bell
- School of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | - Adrian P Brown
- School of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Elaine C Fitches
- School of Biosciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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5
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Residues of Legume AG41 Peptide Crucial to Its Bio-Insecticidal Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030446. [PMID: 36979381 PMCID: PMC10046687 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, crop protection relies heavily on chemical treatments, which ultimately leads to environmental contamination and pest resistance. Societal and public policy considerations urge the need for new eco-friendly solutions. In this perspective, biopesticides are effective alternatives to chemical insecticides for the control of various insect pests. Legumes contain numerous insecticidal proteins aimed at protecting their high nitrogen content from animal/insect predation. Investigating one such protein family at genome scale, we discovered a unique diversity of the albumin 1 family in the (model) barrel medic genome. Only some members retained very high insecticidal activity. We uncovered that AG41 peptide from the alfalfa roots displays an outstanding insecticidal activity against several pests such as aphids and weevils. Here we report the 3D structure and activity of AG41 peptide. Significant insights into the structural/functional relationships explained AG41 high insecticidal activity. Such observations pave the way for the development of bio-insecticides, with AG41 peptide as the lead compound.
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Khaliq B, Falke S, Saeed Q, Bilal M, Munawar A, Ali A, Baermann G, Athar HUR, Mahmood S, Betzel C, Ali Q, Akrem A. Eruca sativa seed napin structural insights and thorough functional characterization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24066. [PMID: 34911985 PMCID: PMC8674280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A potent napin protein has been thoroughly characterized from seeds of rocket salad (Eruca sativa). Eruca sativa napin (EsNap) was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (70%) and size-exclusion chromatography. Single intact 16 kDa EsNap band was reduced to 11 and 5 kDa bands respectively on SDS-PAGE. Nano LC-MS/MS yielded two fragments comprising of 26 residues which showed 100% sequence identity with napin-3 of Brassica napus. CD spectroscopy indicated a dominant α-helical structure of EsNap. Monodispersity of EsNap was verified by dynamic light scattering, which also confirmed the monomeric status with a corresponding hydrodynamic radius of 2.4 ± 0.2 nm. An elongated ab initio shape of EsNap was calculated based on SAXS data, with an Rg of 1.96 ± 0.1 nm. The ab initio model calculated by DAMMIF with P1 symmetry and a volume of approx. 31,100 nm3, which corresponded to a molecular weight of approximately 15.5 kDa. The comparison of the SAXS and ab initio modeling showed a minimized χ2-value of 1.87, confirming a similar molecular structure. A homology model was predicted using the coordinate information of Brassica napus rproBnIb (PDB ID: 1SM7). EsNap exhibited strong antifungal activity by significantly inhibiting the growth of Fusarium graminearum. EsNap also showed cytotoxicity against the hepatic cell line Huh7 and the obtained IC50 value was 20.49 µM. Further, strong entomotoxic activity was experienced against different life stages of stored grain insect pest T. castaneum. The result of this study shows insights that can be used in developing potential antifungal, anti-cancerous and insect resistance agents in the future using EsNap from E. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binish Khaliq
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.,Botany Division Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sven Falke
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY. Build. 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Qamar Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Munawar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, G.T. Road, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Gunnar Baermann
- Molekulare Phytopathologie, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek Ohnhorststr, 1822609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Habib-Ur-Rehman Athar
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Seema Mahmood
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Christian Betzel
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY. Build. 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Qurban Ali
- Botany Division Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Akrem
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Moyer TB, Brechbill AM, Hicks LM. Mass Spectrometric Identification of Antimicrobial Peptides from Medicinal Seeds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237304. [PMID: 34885884 PMCID: PMC8659199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants contain a variety of bioactive natural products including cysteine-rich (Cys-rich) antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Cys-rich AMPs are often crosslinked by multiple disulfide bonds which increase their resistance to chemical and enzymatic degradation. However, this class of molecules is relatively underexplored. Herein, in silico analysis predicted 80–100 Cys-rich AMPs per species from three edible traditional medicinal plants: Linum usitatissimum (flax), Trifolium pratense (red clover), and Sesamum indicum (sesame). Bottom-up proteomic analysis of seed peptide extracts revealed direct evidence for the translation of 3–10 Cys-rich AMPs per species, including lipid transfer proteins, defensins, α-hairpinins, and snakins. Negative activity revealed by antibacterial screening highlights the importance of employing a multi-pronged approach for AMP discovery. Further, this study demonstrates that flax, red clover, and sesame are promising sources for further AMP discovery and characterization.
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8
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Hirano H. Basic 7S globulin in plants. J Proteomics 2021; 240:104209. [PMID: 33794343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Soybean seed basic 7S globulin (Bg7S)-like proteins are found in many plant species. Bg7S was originally thought to be a major seed storage protein but was later found to be multifunctional, with stress response, antibacterial activity, hormone receptor-like activity. Moreover, functional differences between Bg7S proteins from legumes and other plants have been revealed. In non-leguminous plants, Bg7S molecules inhibit the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. However, although leguminous plants have a peptide called leg-insulin that can bind to Bg7S, non-leguminous plants do not have leginsulin. Bg7S in leguminous plants and other plants may have evolved in functionally different directions. Several homologs of Bg7S in plants are reported, but there is no homolog of this protein in peas, suggesting that the pea evolution might have followed a different route when compared to other leguminous plants. Although the functions of Bg7S are well documented in plants, recent studies suggest that this protein is also important in controlling blood glucose level, blood pressure and plasma cholesterol level, and cancer cell antiproliferative actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Hirano
- Advanced Medical Science Research Center, Gunma Paz University, Shibukawa 1338-4, Shibukawa, Gunma 377-0008, Japan; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Showa 3-39-15, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan.
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9
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Oguis GK, Gilding EK, Jackson MA, Craik DJ. Butterfly Pea ( Clitoria ternatea), a Cyclotide-Bearing Plant With Applications in Agriculture and Medicine. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:645. [PMID: 31191573 PMCID: PMC6546959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The perennial leguminous herb Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) has attracted significant interest based on its agricultural and medical applications, which range from use as a fodder and nitrogen fixing crop, to applications in food coloring and cosmetics, traditional medicine and as a source of an eco-friendly insecticide. In this article we provide a broad multidisciplinary review that includes descriptions of the physical appearance, distribution, taxonomy, habitat, growth and propagation, phytochemical composition and applications of this plant. Notable amongst its repertoire of chemical components are anthocyanins which give C. ternatea flowers their characteristic blue color, and cyclotides, ultra-stable macrocyclic peptides that are present in all tissues of this plant. The latter are potent insecticidal molecules and are implicated as the bioactive agents in a plant extract used commercially as an insecticide. We include a description of the genetic origin of these peptides, which interestingly involve the co-option of an ancestral albumin gene to produce the cyclotide precursor protein. The biosynthesis step in which the cyclic peptide backbone is formed involves an asparaginyl endopeptidase, of which in C. ternatea is known as butelase-1. This enzyme is highly efficient in peptide ligation and has been the focus of many recent studies on peptide ligation and cyclization for biotechnological applications. The article concludes with some suggestions for future studies on this plant, including the need to explore possible synergies between the various peptidic and non-peptidic phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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10
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Xiong T, Ye X, Su Y, Chen X, Sun H, Li B, Chen Y. Identification and quantification of proteins at adsorption layer of emulsion stabilized by pea protein isolates. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:1-9. [PMID: 30005284 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study adopted the method of quantitative proteomics to analyze the adsorbed proteins in oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by pea protein isolate (PPI). Adsorbed proteins were precipitated by an optimized precipitation method and precipitates were labeled and subjected to a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (RPLC-ESI-MS/MS) for protein identification and quantification. In total, 77 proteins were identified, of which 49 proteins with significant differences were observed. There were 25 upregulated proteins (fold change > 1) and 24 downregulated proteins (fold change < 1). The interfacial adsorption abilities of these proteins were compared according to the classification of protein families. The results showed that all isoforms of vicilins exhibited high adsorption abilities at the oil-water interface. Compared with vicilin, convicilin showed opposite adsorption capacity. Different legumin families showed significantly different affinities on the oil-water interface. In contrast to albumin-1, albumin-2 was preferentially adsorbed to the interface. The amino acid sequence alignment and hydropathy profile analysis of these proteins showed that the proteins well-balanced between hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acid groups displayed high interfacial activity. In contrast, a long hydrophilic or hydrophobic fragment could adversely influence protein interfacial activity. This study provides an insight into the interfacial behaviors of proteins by supplying detailed quantitative information of interfacial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - YanTing Su
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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11
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Velasques J, Cardoso MH, Abrantes G, Frihling BE, Franco OL, Migliolo L. The rescue of botanical insecticides: A bioinspiration for new niches and needs. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:14-25. [PMID: 29183583 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Crop protection is the basis of plant production and food security. Additionally, there are many efforts focused on increasing defensive mechanisms in order to avoid the damaging effects of insects, which still represent significant losses worldwide. Plants have naturally evolved different mechanisms to discourage herbivory, including chemical barriers such as the induction of defensive proteins and secondary metabolites, some of which have a historical link with bio-farming practices and others that are yet to be used. In the context of global concern regarding health and environmental impacts, which has been translated into political action and restrictions on the use of synthetic pesticides, this review deals with a description of some historical commercial phytochemicals and promising proteinaceous compounds that plants may modulate to defeat insect attacks. We present a broader outlook on molecular structure and mechanisms of action while we discuss possible tools to achieve effective methods for the biological control of pests, either by the formulation of products or by the development of new plant varieties with enhanced chemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannaina Velasques
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Abrantes
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Breno Emanuel Frihling
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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12
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Eyraud V, Balmand S, Karaki L, Rahioui I, Sivignon C, Delmas AF, Royer C, Rahbé Y, Da Silva P, Gressent F. The interaction of the bioinsecticide PA1b (Pea Albumin 1 subunit b) with the insect V-ATPase triggers apoptosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4902. [PMID: 28687751 PMCID: PMC5501856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PA1b (Pea Albumin 1, subunit b) peptide is an entomotoxin, extracted from Legume seeds, with a lethal activity towards several insect pests, such as mosquitoes, some aphids and cereal weevils. This toxin acts by binding to the subunits c and e of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) in the insect midgut. In this study, two cereal weevils, the sensitive Sitophilus oryzae strain WAA42, the resistance Sitophilus oryzae strain ISOR3 and the insensitive red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, were used in biochemical and histological experiments to demonstrate that a PA1b/V-ATPase interaction triggers the apoptosis mechanism, resulting in insect death. Upon intoxication with PA1b, apoptotic bodies are formed in the cells of the insect midgut. In addition, caspase-3 enzyme activity occurs in the midgut of sensitive weevils after intoxication with active PA1b, but not in the midgut of resistant weevils. These biochemical data were confirmed by immuno-histochemical detection of the caspase-3 active form in the midgut of sensitive weevils. Immuno-labelling experiments also revealed that the caspase-3 active form and V-ATPase are close-localized in the insect midgut. The results concerning this unique peptidic V-ATPase inhibitor pave the way for the utilization of PA1b as a promising, more selective and eco-friendly insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Eyraud
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Séverine Balmand
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lamis Karaki
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Rahioui
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine Sivignon
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès F Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, Cedex 2, France
| | - Corinne Royer
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yvan Rahbé
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, INRA, INSA-Lyon, CNRS UMR 5240 MAP, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pedro Da Silva
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Frédéric Gressent
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), UMR IRD/SupAgro/INRA/UM2/CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France
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13
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Poth AG, Chan LY, Craik DJ. Cyclotides as grafting frameworks for protein engineering and drug design applications. Biopolymers 2016; 100:480-91. [PMID: 23893608 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotides are a family of naturally occurring backbone-cyclized macrocyclic mini-proteins from plants that have a knotted trio of intramolecular disulfide bonds. Their structural features imbue cyclotides with extraordinary stability against degradation at elevated temperatures or in the presence of proteolytic enzymes. The plasticity of their intracysteine loop sequences is exemplified by the more than 250 natural cyclotides sequenced to date, and this tolerance to sequence variation, along with their diverse bioactivities, underpins the suitability of the cyclic cystine knot motif as a valuable drug design scaffold and research tool for protein engineering studies. Here, we review the recent literature on applications of cyclotides for the stabilization of peptide epitopes and related protein engineering studies. Possible future directions in this field are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron G Poth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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14
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Gilding EK, Jackson MA, Poth AG, Henriques ST, Prentis PJ, Mahatmanto T, Craik DJ. Gene coevolution and regulation lock cyclic plant defence peptides to their targets. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 210:717-30. [PMID: 26668107 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many strategies to protect themselves from attack, including peptide toxins that are ribosomally synthesized and thus adaptable directly by genetic polymorphisms. Certain toxins in Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) are cyclic cystine-knot peptides of c. 30 residues, called cyclotides, which have co-opted the plant's albumin-1 gene family for their production. How butterfly pea albumin-1 genes were commandeered and how these cyclotides are utilized in defence remain unclear. The role of cyclotides in host plant ecology and biotechnological applications requires exploration. We characterized the sequence diversity and expression dynamics of precursor and processing proteins implicated in butterfly pea cyclotide biosynthesis by expression profiling through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Peptide-enriched extracts from various organs were tested for activity against insect-like membranes and the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that the evolution and deployment of cyclotides involved their diversification to exhibit different chemical properties and expression between organs facing different defensive challenges. Cyclotide-enriched fractions from soil-contacting organs were effective at killing nematodes, whereas similar enriched fractions from aerial organs contained cyclotides that exhibited stronger interactions with insect-like membrane lipids. Cyclotides are employed as versatile and combinatorial mediators of defence in C. ternatea and have specialized to affect different classes of attacking organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward K Gilding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A Jackson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Aaron G Poth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Sónia Troeira Henriques
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter J Prentis
- Earth, Environment, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, 4000, Australia
| | - Tunjung Mahatmanto
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
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15
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Karaki L, Da Silva P, Rizk F, Chouabe C, Chantret N, Eyraud V, Gressent F, Sivignon C, Rahioui I, Kahn D, Brochier-Armanet C, Rahbé Y, Royer C. Genome-wide analysis identifies gain and loss/change of function within the small multigenic insecticidal Albumin 1 family of Medicago truncatula. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:63. [PMID: 26964738 PMCID: PMC4785745 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Albumin 1b peptides (A1b) are small disulfide-knotted insecticidal peptides produced by Fabaceae (also called Leguminosae). To date, their diversity among this plant family has been essentially investigated through biochemical and PCR-based approaches. The availability of high-quality genomic resources for several fabaceae species, among which the model species Medicago truncatula (Mtr), allowed for a genomic analysis of this protein family aimed at i) deciphering the evolutionary history of A1b proteins and their links with A1b-nodulins that are short non-insecticidal disulfide-bonded peptides involved in root nodule signaling and ii) exploring the functional diversity of A1b for novel bioactive molecules. RESULTS Investigating the Mtr genome revealed a remarkable expansion, mainly through tandem duplications, of albumin1 (A1) genes, retaining nearly all of the same canonical structure at both gene and protein levels. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ancestral molecule was most probably insecticidal giving rise to, among others, A1b-nodulins. Expression meta-analysis revealed that many A1b coding genes are silent and a wide tissue distribution of the A1 transcripts/peptides within plant organs. Evolutionary rate analyses highlighted branches and sites with positive selection signatures, including two sites shown to be critical for insecticidal activity. Seven peptides were chemically synthesized and folded in vitro, then assayed for their biological activity. Among these, AG41 (aka MtrA1013 isoform, encoded by the orphan TA24778 contig.), showed an unexpectedly high insecticidal activity. The study highlights the unique burst of diversity of A1 peptides within the Medicago genus compared to the other taxa for which full-genomes are available: no A1 member in Lotus, or in red clover to date, while only a few are present in chick pea, soybean or pigeon pea genomes. CONCLUSION The expansion of the A1 family in the Medicago genus is reminiscent of the situation described for another disulfide-rich peptide family, the "Nodule-specific Cysteine-Rich" (NCR), discovered within the same species. The oldest insecticidal A1b toxin was described from the Sophorae, dating the birth of this seed-defense function to more than 58 million years, and making this model of plant/insect toxin/receptor (A1b/insect v-ATPase) one of the oldest known.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Karaki
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />ER030-EDST; Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - P. Da Silva
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - F. Rizk
- />ER030-EDST; Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - C. Chouabe
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- />UCBL, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM UMR-1060, Cardioprotection Team, Faculté de Médecine, Univ Lyon-1, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - N. Chantret
- />INRA, UMR1334 AGAP, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
- />Supagro Montpellier, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - V. Eyraud
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - F. Gressent
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - C. Sivignon
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - I. Rahioui
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - D. Kahn
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; CNRS; INRA; UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C. Brochier-Armanet
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; CNRS; INRA; UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université de Lyon, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Y. Rahbé
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - C. Royer
- />INRA, UMR0203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Insa-Lyon, UMR0203 BF2I, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- />Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
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16
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Rahioui I, Eyraud V, Karaki L, Sasse F, Carre-Pierrat M, Qin A, Zheng MH, Toepfer S, Sivignon C, Royer C, Da Silva P, Gressent F. Host range of the potential biopesticide Pea Albumin 1b (PA1b) is limited to insects. Toxicon 2014; 89:67-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Muench SP, Rawson S, Eyraud V, Delmas AF, Da Silva P, Phillips C, Trinick J, Harrison MA, Gressent F, Huss M. PA1b inhibitor binding to subunits c and e of the vacuolar ATPase reveals its insecticidal mechanism. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16399-408. [PMID: 24795045 PMCID: PMC4047407 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.541250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a 1MDa transmembrane proton pump that operates via a rotary mechanism fuelled by ATP. Essential for eukaryotic cell homeostasis, it plays central roles in bone remodeling and tumor invasiveness, making it a key therapeutic target. Its importance in arthropod physiology also makes it a promising pesticide target. The major challenge in designing lead compounds against the V-ATPase is its ubiquitous nature, such that any therapeutic must be capable of targeting particular isoforms. Here, we have characterized the binding site on the V-ATPase of pea albumin 1b (PA1b), a small cystine knot protein that shows exquisitely selective inhibition of insect V-ATPases. Electron microscopy shows that PA1b binding occurs across a range of equivalent sites on the c ring of the membrane domain. In the presence of Mg·ATP, PA1b localizes to a single site, distant from subunit a, which is predicted to be the interface for other inhibitors. Photoaffinity labeling studies show radiolabeling of subunits c and e. In addition, weevil resistance to PA1b is correlated with bafilomycin resistance, caused by mutation of subunit c. The data indicate a binding site to which both subunits c and e contribute and inhibition that involves locking the c ring rotor to a static subunit e and not subunit a. This has implications for understanding the V-ATPase mechanism and that of inhibitors with therapeutic or pesticidal potential. It also provides the first evidence for the position of subunit e within the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Muench
- From the School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom,
| | - Shaun Rawson
- From the School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Eyraud
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées-Lyon, Université de Lyon, IFR 41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Batiment Louis-Pasteur 20, avenue Albert Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès F Delmas
- the Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Pedro Da Silva
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées-Lyon, Université de Lyon, IFR 41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Batiment Louis-Pasteur 20, avenue Albert Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clair Phillips
- From the School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - John Trinick
- the School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, and
| | - Michael A Harrison
- From the School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Gressent
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées-Lyon, Université de Lyon, IFR 41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Batiment Louis-Pasteur 20, avenue Albert Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Markus Huss
- Abteilung Tierphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie Universität Osnabrück, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany
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18
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Eyraud V, Karaki L, Rahioui I, Sivignon C, Da Silva P, Rahbé Y, Royer C, Gressent F. Expression and biological activity of the cystine knot bioinsecticide PA1b (Pea Albumin 1 Subunit b). PLoS One 2013; 8:e81619. [PMID: 24349099 PMCID: PMC3859497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The PA1b (Pea Albumin 1, subunit b) peptide is an entomotoxin extract from Legume seeds with lethal activity on several insect pests, such as mosquitoes, some aphids and cereal weevils. This 37 amino-acid cysteine-rich peptide has been, until now, obtained by biochemical purification or chemical synthesis. In this paper, we present our results for the transient production of the peptide in Nicotiana benthamiana by agro-infiltration, with a yield of about 35 µg/g of fresh leaves and maximum production 8 days after infiltration. PA1b is part of the PA1 gene which, after post-translational modifications, encodes two peptides (PA1b and PA1a). We show that transforming tobacco with the PA1b cDNA alone does not result in production of the toxin and, in fact, the entire cDNA is necessary, raising the question of the role of PA1a. We constructed a PA1-cassette, allowing for the quick "cut/paste" of different PA1b mutants within a conserved PA1 cDNA. This cassette enabled us to produce the six isoforms of PA1b which exist in pea seeds. Biological tests revealed that all the isoforms display similar activity, with the exception of one which is inactive. The lack of activity in this isoform led us to conclude that the amphiphilic nature of the peptide is necessary for activity. The possible applications of this expression system for other cysteine-rich biomolecules are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Eyraud
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lamis Karaki
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Rahioui
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine Sivignon
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pedro Da Silva
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yvan Rahbé
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Corinne Royer
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Frédéric Gressent
- BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions), INRA - INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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19
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Lu J, Zeng Y, Hou W, Zhang S, Li L, Luo X, Xi W, Chen Z, Xiang M. The soybean peptide aglycin regulates glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice via IR/IRS1 pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1449-57. [PMID: 22278080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously reported that aglycin, a natural bioactive peptide isolated from soybean, is stable in digestive enzymes and has an antidiabetic potential. With a view to explore the pharmacological activity of aglycin in vivo, studies have been conducted to examine its therapeutic effect in diabetic mice, in which it was administered intragastrically as an oral agent. Diabetes was induced in BALB/c mice fed with a high-fat diet and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. With onset of diabetes, the mice were administered daily with aglycin (50 mg/kg/d) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose was monitored once a week. Subsequently, skeletal muscle was isolated for assessment in terms of levels of gene and protein IR, IRS1, Akt and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). In addition, C2C12 muscle cells as an in vitro diabetic model were used to investigate the effect of aglycin on glucose uptake. Treatment with aglycin was found to be significantly effective in controlling hyperglycemia and improving oral glucose tolerance. Furthermore, aglycin enhanced glucose uptake and glucose transporter recruitment to the C2C12 cell surface in 10 min in vitro. Consistent with these effects, aglycin restored insulin signaling transduction by maintaining IR and IRS1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, as well as elevating the expression of p-IR, p-IRS1, p-Akt and membrane GLUT4 protein. The results hence demonstrate that oral administration of aglycin can potentially attenuate or prevent hyperglycemia by increasing insulin receptor signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle of streptozotocin/high-fat-diet-induced diabetic mice.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glucose/metabolism
- Glucose/pharmacokinetics
- Glucose Tolerance Test
- Hyperglycemia/drug therapy
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics
- Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/pharmacokinetics
- Plant Proteins/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Soybean Proteins/pharmacology
- Glycine max/chemistry
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
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20
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Gressent F, Da Silva P, Eyraud V, Karaki L, Royer C. Pea Albumin 1 subunit b (PA1b), a promising bioinsecticide of plant origin. Toxins (Basel) 2011; 3:1502-17. [PMID: 22295174 PMCID: PMC3268454 DOI: 10.3390/toxins3121502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PA1b (Pea Albumin 1, subunit b) is a peptide extract from pea seeds showing significant insecticidal activity against certain insects, such as cereal weevils (genus Sitophilus), the mosquitoes Culex pipiens and Aedes aegyptii, and certain species of aphids. PA1b has great potential for use on an industrial scale and for use in organic farming: it is extracted from a common plant; it is a peptide (and therefore suitable for transgenic applications); it can withstand many steps of extraction and purification without losing its activity; and it is present in a seed regularly consumed by humans and mammals without any known toxicity or allergenicity. The potential of this peptide to limit pest damage has stimulated research concerning its host range, its mechanism of action, its three-dimensional structure, the natural diversity of PA1b and its structure-function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Gressent
- INSA-Lyon, INRA, Université de Lyon, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Bat. Louis-Pasteur 20 av. Albert Einstein, Villeurbanne F-69621, France.
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21
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Chouabe C, Eyraud V, Da Silva P, Rahioui I, Royer C, Soulage C, Bonvallet R, Huss M, Gressent F. New mode of action for a knottin protein bioinsecticide: pea albumin 1 subunit b (PA1b) is the first peptidic inhibitor of V-ATPase. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:36291-6. [PMID: 21890633 PMCID: PMC3196078 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.281055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PA1b (for pea albumin 1 subunit b) is a plant bioinsecticide lethal to several pests that are important in agriculture or human health. PA1b belongs to the inhibitory cystine knot family or knottin family. Originating from a plant (the garden pea) commonly eaten by humans without any known toxic or allergic effects, PA1b is a candidate for transgenic applications and is one of the most promising biopesticides for pest control. Using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques on Sf9 PA1b-sensitive lepidopteran insect cells, we discovered that PA1b reversibly blocked ramp membrane currents in a dose-dependent manner (EC(50) = 0.52 μM). PA1b had the same effect as bafilomycin, a specific inhibitor of the vacuolar proton pump (V-type H(+)-ATPase), and the PA1b-sensitive current depended on the internal proton concentration. Biochemical assays on purified V-ATPase from the lepidopteran model Manduca sexta showed that PA1b inhibited the V(1)V(0)-type H(+)-ATPase holoenzyme activity (IC(50) ∼ 70 nM) by interacting with the membrane-bound V(0) part of the V-ATPase. V-ATPase is a complex protein that has been studied increasingly because of its numerous physiological roles. In the midgut of insects, V-ATPase activity is essential for energizing nutrient absorption, and the results reported in this work explain the entomotoxic properties of PA1b. Targeting V-ATPase is a promising means of combating insect pests, and PA1b represents the first peptidic V-ATPase inhibitor. The search for V-ATPase inhibitors is currently of great importance because it has been demonstrated that V-ATPase plays a role in so many physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Chouabe
- From UMR CNRS 5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vanessa Eyraud
- INSA-Lyon (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), INRA (Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique), UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pedro Da Silva
- INSA-Lyon (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), INRA (Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique), UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Rahioui
- INSA-Lyon (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), INRA (Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique), UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Corinne Royer
- INSA-Lyon (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), INRA (Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique), UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Soulage
- INSA-Lyon, CarMeN, INSERM U1060, Université de Lyon 1, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France, and
| | - Robert Bonvallet
- From UMR CNRS 5534, Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaires et Cellulaires, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Markus Huss
- the Abteilung Tierphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Universität Osnabrück, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Frédéric Gressent
- INSA-Lyon (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), INRA (Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique), UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
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Legume cyclotides shed light on the genetic origin of knotted circular proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:10025-6. [PMID: 21653883 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1107849108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Yin F, Pajak A, Chapman R, Sharpe A, Huang S, Marsolais F. Analysis of common bean expressed sequence tags identifies sulfur metabolic pathways active in seed and sulfur-rich proteins highly expressed in the absence of phaseolin and major lectins. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:268. [PMID: 21615926 PMCID: PMC3115882 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A deficiency in phaseolin and phytohemagglutinin is associated with a near doubling of sulfur amino acid content in genetically related lines of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), particularly cysteine, elevated by 70%, and methionine, elevated by 10%. This mostly takes place at the expense of an abundant non-protein amino acid, S-methyl-cysteine. The deficiency in phaseolin and phytohemagglutinin is mainly compensated by increased levels of the 11S globulin legumin and residual lectins. Legumin, albumin-2, defensin and albumin-1 were previously identified as contributing to the increased sulfur amino acid content in the mutant line, on the basis of similarity to proteins from other legumes. RESULTS Profiling of free amino acid in developing seeds of the BAT93 reference genotype revealed a biphasic accumulation of gamma-glutamyl-S-methyl-cysteine, the main soluble form of S-methyl-cysteine, with a lag phase occurring during storage protein accumulation. A collection of 30,147 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) was generated from four developmental stages, corresponding to distinct phases of gamma-glutamyl-S-methyl-cysteine accumulation, and covering the transitions to reserve accumulation and dessication. Analysis of gene ontology categories indicated the occurrence of multiple sulfur metabolic pathways, including all enzymatic activities responsible for sulfate assimilation, de novo cysteine and methionine biosynthesis. Integration of genomic and proteomic data enabled the identification and isolation of cDNAs coding for legumin, albumin-2, defensin D1 and albumin-1A and -B induced in the absence of phaseolin and phytohemagglutinin. Their deduced amino acid sequences have a higher content of cysteine than methionine, providing an explanation for the preferential increase of cysteine in the mutant line. CONCLUSION The EST collection provides a foundation to further investigate sulfur metabolism and the differential accumulation of sulfur amino acids in seed of common bean. Identification of sulfur-rich proteins whose levels are elevated in seed lacking phaseolin and phytohemagglutinin and sulfur metabolic genes may assist the improvement of protein quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Yin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Da Silva P, Rahioui I, Laugier C, Jouvensal L, Meudal H, Chouabe C, Delmas AF, Gressent F. Molecular requirements for the insecticidal activity of the plant peptide pea albumin 1 subunit b (PA1b). J Biol Chem 2010; 285:32689-32694. [PMID: 20660598 PMCID: PMC2963353 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.147199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PA1b (pea albumin 1, subunit b) is a small and compact 37-amino acid protein, isolated from pea seeds (Pisum sativum), that adopts a cystine knot fold. It acts as a potent insecticidal agent against major pests in stored crops and vegetables, making it a promising bioinsecticide. Here, we investigate the influence of individual residues on the structure and bioactivity of PA1b. A collection of 13 PA1b mutants was successfully chemically synthesized in which the residues involved in the definition of PA1b amphiphilic and electrostatic characteristics were individually replaced with an alanine. The three-dimensional structure of PA1b was outstandingly tolerant of modifications. Remarkably, receptor binding and insecticidal activities were both dependent on common well defined clusters of residues located on one single face of the toxin, with Phe-10, Arg-21, Ile-23, and Leu-27 being key residues of the binding interaction. The inactivity of the mutants is clearly due to a change in the nature of the side chain rather than to a side effect, such as misfolding or degradation of the peptide, in the insect digestive tract. We have shown that a hydrophobic patch is the putative site of the interaction of PA1b with its binding site. Overall, the mutagenesis data provide major insights into the functional elements responsible for PA1b entomotoxic properties and give some clues toward a better understanding of the PA1b mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Da Silva
- From the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon), IFR-41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, Bâtiment Louis Pasteur, F-69621 Villeurbanne.
| | - Isabelle Rahioui
- From the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon), IFR-41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, Bâtiment Louis Pasteur, F-69621 Villeurbanne
| | - Christian Laugier
- From the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon), IFR-41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, Bâtiment Louis Pasteur, F-69621 Villeurbanne
| | - Laurence Jouvensal
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, University of Orléans and INSERM, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
| | - Hervé Meudal
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, University of Orléans and INSERM, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
| | - Christophe Chouabe
- CNRS UMR 5123, Physiologie des Régulations Energétiques, Cellulaires et Moléculaires, Campus de la Doua, Université de Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès F Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR 4301 CNRS, University of Orléans and INSERM, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2
| | - Frédéric Gressent
- From the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon), IFR-41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle, Insectes et Interactions, Université de Lyon, Bâtiment Louis Pasteur, F-69621 Villeurbanne
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25
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Trypsin isoinhibitors with antiproliferative activity toward leukemia cells from Phaseolus vulgaris cv "White Cloud Bean". J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:219793. [PMID: 20617140 PMCID: PMC2896657 DOI: 10.1155/2010/219793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A purification protocol that comprised ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75 was complied to isolate two trypsin inhibitors from Phaseolus vulgaris cv “White Cloud Bean”. Both trypsin inhibitors exhibited a molecular mass of 16 kDa and reduced the activity of trypsin with an IC50 value of about 0.6 μM. Dithiothreitol attenuated the trypsin inhibitory activity, signifying that an intact disulfide bond is indispensable to the activity. [Methyl-3H] thymidine incorporation by leukemia L1210 cells was inhibited with an IC50 value of 28.8 μM and 21.5 μM, respectively. They were lacking in activity toward lymphoma MBL2 cells and inhibitory effect on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and fungal growth when tested up to 100 μM.
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26
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Da Silva P, Strzepa A, Jouvensal L, Rahioui I, Gressent F, Delmas AF. A folded and functional synthetic PA1b: an interlocked entomotoxic miniprotein. Biopolymers 2009; 92:436-44. [PMID: 19399851 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PA1b (Pea Albumin 1, subunit b) is a hydrophobic, 37-amino acid miniprotein isolated from pea seeds (Pivum sativum), crosslinked by three interlocked disulfide bridges, signature of the ICK (inhibitory cystine-knot) family. It acts as an entomotoxic factor against major insect pests in stored crops and vegetables, making it a promising bioinsecticide. Here we report an efficient and simple protocol for the production of large quantities of highly pure, biologically active synthetic PA1b. The features of PA1b oxidative refolding revealed the off-pathway products and competitive aggregation processes. The efficiency of the oxidative folding can be significantly improved by using hydrophobic alcoholic cosolvents and decreasing the temperature. The homogeneity of the synthetic oxidized PA1b was established by reversed-phase HPLC. The correct pairing of the three disulfide bridges, as well as the three-dimensional structure of synthetic PA1b was assessed by NMR. Synthetic PA1b binds to microsomal proteins from Sitophilus oryzae with a Kd of 8 nM, a figure quite similar to that determined for PA1b extracted from its natural source. Moreover, the synthetic miniprotein was as potent as the extracted one towards the sensitive strains of weevils. Our findings will open the way to the production of PA1b analogues by chemical means to an in-depth understanding of the PA1b mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Da Silva
- Université de Lyon, INRA, INSA-Lyon, IFR-41, UMR203 BF2I, Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, Villeurbanne, France
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27
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28
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Dun XP, Li FF, Wang JH, Chen ZW. The effect of pea albumin 1F on glucose metabolism in mice. Peptides 2008; 29:891-7. [PMID: 18325630 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Revised: 01/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pea albumin 1F (PA1F), a plant peptide isolated from pea seeds, can dramatically increase blood glucose concentration by subcutaneous injection with a dosage of 5 or 10 microg/g (body weight) in normal and type II diabetic mice (KK/upj-Ay). The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC-1) has been identified as the PA1F binding protein from mice pancreatic cell membrane, which may be involved in the regulation of enhancing blood glucose in response to PA1F binding. The results clearly show that peptide-signaling molecules from plants can affect mammalian physiological functions, especially, in association with glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Peng Dun
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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29
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Rahioui I, Laugier C, Balmand S, Da Silva P, Rahbe Y, Gressent F. Toxicity, binding and internalization of the pea-A1b entomotoxin in Sf9 cells. Biochimie 2007; 89:1539-43. [PMID: 17845830 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2007.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PA1b (Pea Albumin 1b) is a peptide toxin lethal for certain insects. This paper shows that the cultured insect cells Sf9 are sensitive to the toxin and display a high-affinity binding site for PA1b. Mammalian cells are not sensitive and no binding activity was detected. Signs of apoptosis of the Sf9 cells were observed in response to the toxin. The use of this cellular model also demonstrated that PA1b was internalized in the cells, via the binding site, raising the new question of the role of this toxin within the cell, and of the mechanisms leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Rahioui
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA de Lyon, INSA Bâtiment Louis Pasteur, F-69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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30
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Gruber CW, Cemazar M, Anderson MA, Craik DJ. Insecticidal plant cyclotides and related cystine knot toxins. Toxicon 2007; 49:561-75. [PMID: 17224167 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotides are small disulphide-rich peptides found in plants from the violet (Violaceae), coffee (Rubiaceae) and cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) families. They have the distinguishing structural features of a macrocyclic peptide backbone and a cystine knot made up of six conserved cysteine residues, which makes cyclotides exceptionally stable. Individual plants express a suite of cyclotides in a wide range of tissue types, including leaves, flowers, stems and roots and it is thought that their natural function in plants is as defence agents. This proposal is supported by their high expression levels in plants and their toxic and growth retardant activity in feeding trials against Helicoverpa spp. insect pests. This review describes the structures and activities of cyclotides with specific reference to their insecticidal activity and compares them with structurally similar cystine knot proteins from peas (Pisum sativum) and an amaranthus crop plant (Amaranthus hypocondriancus). More broadly, cystine knot proteins are common in a wide range of organisms from fungi to mammals, and it appears that this interesting structural motif has evolved independently in different organisms as a stable protein framework that has a variety of biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Gruber
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Functional and Applied Genomics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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31
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Louis S, Delobel B, Gressent F, Duport G, Diol O, Rahioui I, Charles H, Rahbé Y. Broad screening of the legume family for variability in seed insecticidal activities and for the occurrence of the A1b-like knottin peptide entomotoxins. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2007; 68:521-35. [PMID: 17222873 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2006] [Revised: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pea albumin 1b (PA1b) is a small sulphur-rich peptide from pea seeds, also named leginsulin because of the binding characteristics of its soybean orthologue. Its insecticidal properties were discovered more recently. By using a combination of molecular, biochemical and specific insect bioassays on seed extracts, we characterised genes from numerous Papilionoideae, but not from Caesalpinioideae or Mimosoideae, although the last group harboured species with partially positive cues (homologous biological activities). The A1b defence peptide family, therefore, appears to have evolved relatively late in the legume lineage, maybe from the sophoroid group (e.g. Styphnolobium japonicum). However, unambiguous sequence information is restricted to a group of tribes within the subfamily Papilionoideae (Psoraleae, Millettieae, Desmodieae, Hedysareae, Phaseoleae, Vicieae, and the now clearly polyphyletic "Trifolieae" and "Galegeae"). Recent diversification by gene duplications has occurred in many species, or longer ago in some lineages (Medicago truncatula), as well as probable gene or expression losses at different taxonomic levels (Loteae, Vigna subterranea).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Louis
- UMR203 BF2I (Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions), IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
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Gressent F, Duport G, Rahioui I, Pauchet Y, Bolland P, Specty O, Rahbe Y. Biological activity and binding site characteristics of the PA1b Entomotoxin on insects from different orders. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2007; 7:1-10. [PMID: 20331395 PMCID: PMC2999418 DOI: 10.1673/031.007.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2005] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate both the biological activity of an entomotoxin, the pea albumin 1b (PA1b), and the presence or absence of its binding site within an array of insect species. The data obtained showed that insect sensitivity was not related to its taxonomic position. Moreover, PA1b was not toxic to several tested microorganisms. However, the binding site was found to be conserved among very different insects, displaying similar thermodynamic constants regardless of the in vivo species sensitivity. The binding site alone was, therefore, not sufficient for toxicity. One exception was the pea weevil, Bruchus pisorum, which was the only tested species without any detectable binding activity. These findings indicate that the binding site probably has an important endogenous function in insects and that adaptation to pea seeds resulted in the elimination of the toxin binding activity in two independent insect lineages. Other mechanisms are likely to interact with the toxin effects, although they are still largely unknown, but there is no evidence of any specific degradation of PA1b in the midgut of insects insensitive to the toxin, such as Drosophila melanogaster or Mamestra brassicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Gressent
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gabrielle Duport
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Rahioui
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yannick Pauchet
- INRA 1112 - UMR ROSE, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Patrice Bolland
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Specty
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yvan Rahbe
- UMR203 Biologie Fonctionnelle Insectes et Interactions, IFR41, INRA, INSA-Lyon, F-69021 Villeurbanne, France
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Silverstein KAT, Graham MA, VandenBosch KA. Novel paralogous gene families with potential function in legume nodules and seeds. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2006; 9:142-6. [PMID: 16459131 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2006.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Within the plant kingdom, legumes are unusual in their ability to form nitrogen-fixing nodules in symbiosis with certain bacteria in the family Rhizobiaceae (rhizhobia). Genes that are required for signaling between plant and symbiont, and for the development and maintenance of the nodule, were either created de novo or adopted from other plant pathways. Only in recent years have genome-scale sequence data from legumes made it possible to identify large, novel families of genes probably evolved to function in nodulation. Members of these novel families are expressed in seeds or nodules, and are homologous to defense-related proteins. Perhaps the most striking example is a large family (of more than 340 members) of cysteine cluster proteins that have homology to plant defensins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A T Silverstein
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
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Wang JH, Dun XP, Qu LN, Zhao YY, Yang TB, Chen ZW. Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibodies against pea albumin 1b (PA 1b). Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2005; 24:197-200. [PMID: 16120025 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2005.24.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PA 1b (pea albumin 1b), extracted from pea seeds, is thermostable and is multifunctional. It has an attractive peros toxicity, and is also involved in the regulation of callus growth and cell proliferation. Here we report the preparation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against this peptide for further investigation of peptide distribution and functions. PA 1b was coupled to carrier protein using the two-step glutaraldehyde method as an immunal antigen. Five stable cell lines producing anti-PA 1b MAbs were obtained. We analyzed their isotypes, titer, and affinity and found that those MAbs belong to the G(1) and G(2b) subclasses with kappa light chain, respectively. Using these antibodies, a competitive inhibition ELISA was developed, and approximately 15 nmol/L of antigen was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-He Wang
- Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
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Taylor WG, Sutherland DH, Olson DJH, Ross ARS, Fields PG. Insecticidal components from field pea extracts: sequences of some variants of pea albumin 1b. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2004; 52:7499-506. [PMID: 15675795 DOI: 10.1021/jf030807l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Methanol soluble insecticidal peptides with masses of 3752, 3757, and 3805 Da, isolated from crude extracts (C8 extracts) derived from the protein-enriched flour of commercial field peas [Pisum sativum (L.)], were purified by reversed phase chromatography and, after reduction and alkylation, were sequenced by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometry with the aid of various peptidases. These major peptides were variants of pea albumin 1b (PA1b) with methionine sulfoxide rather than methionine at position 12. Peptide 3752 showed additional variations at positions 29 (valine for isoleucine) and 34 (histidine for asparagine). A minor, 37 amino acid peptide with a molecular mass of 3788 Da was also sequenced and differed from a known PA1b variant at positions 1, 25, and 31. Sequence variants of PA1b with their molecular masses were compiled, and variants that matched the accurate masses of the experimental peptides were used to narrow the search. MALDI postsource decay experiments on pronase fragments helped to confirm the sequences. Whole and dehulled field peas gave insecticidal C8 extracts in the laboratory that were enriched in peptides with masses of 3736, 3741, and 3789 Da, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. It was therefore concluded that oxidation of the methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide occurred primarily during the processing of dehulled peas in a mill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley G Taylor
- Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2, Canada.
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El Yahyaoui F, Küster H, Ben Amor B, Hohnjec N, Pühler A, Becker A, Gouzy J, Vernié T, Gough C, Niebel A, Godiard L, Gamas P. Expression profiling in Medicago truncatula identifies more than 750 genes differentially expressed during nodulation, including many potential regulators of the symbiotic program. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2004; 136:3159-76. [PMID: 15466239 PMCID: PMC523376 DOI: 10.1104/pp.104.043612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Revised: 07/01/2004] [Accepted: 07/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a large-scale expression-profiling approach to identify genes differentially regulated during the symbiotic interaction between the model legume Medicago truncatula and the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti. Macro- and microarrays containing about 6,000 probes were generated on the basis of three cDNA libraries dedicated to the study of root symbiotic interactions. The experiments performed on wild-type and symbiotic mutant material led us to identify a set of 756 genes either up- or down-regulated at different stages of the nodulation process. Among these, 41 known nodulation marker genes were up-regulated as expected, suggesting that we have identified hundreds of new nodulation marker genes. We discuss the possible involvement of this wide range of genes in various aspects of the symbiotic interaction, such as bacterial infection, nodule formation and functioning, and defense responses. Importantly, we found at least 13 genes that are good candidates to play a role in the regulation of the symbiotic program. This represents substantial progress toward a better understanding of this complex developmental program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikri El Yahyaoui
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-Organismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet Tolosan cedex, France
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