1
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Nayek U, Shenoy TN, Abdul Salam AA. Data mining of arsenic-based small molecules geometrics present in Cambridge structural database. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142349. [PMID: 38763400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, ubiquitous in various industrial processes and consumer products, presents both essential functions and considerable toxicity risks, driving extensive research into safer applications. Our investigation, drawing from 7182 arsenic-containing molecules in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), outlines their diverse bonding patterns. Notably, 51% of these molecules exhibit cyclic connections, while 49% display acyclic ones. Arsenic forms eight distinct bonding types with other elements, with significant interactions observed, particularly with phenyl rings, O3 and F6 moieties. Top interactions involve carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, sulfur, and arsenic itself. We meticulously evaluated average bond lengths under three conditions: without an R-factor cut-off, with R-factor ≤0.075, and with R-factor ≤0.05, supporting the credibility of our results. Comparative analysis with existing literature data enriches our understanding of arsenic's bonding behaviour. Our findings illuminate the structural attributes, molecular coordination, geometry, and bond lengths of arsenic with 68 diverse atoms, enriching our comprehension of arsenic chemistry. These revelations not only offer a pathway for crafting innovative and safer arsenic-based compounds but also foster the evolution of arsenic detoxification mechanisms, tackling pivotal health and environmental challenges linked to arsenic exposure across different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Nayek
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Thripthi Nagesh Shenoy
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India.
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2
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Alsohaibani R, Claudel AL, Perchat-Varlet R, Boutserin S, Talfournier F, Boschi-Muller S, Selles B. Rhodanese-Fold Containing Proteins in Humans: Not Just Key Players in Sulfur Trafficking. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040843. [PMID: 37107218 PMCID: PMC10135228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rhodanese-fold is a ubiquitous structural domain present in various protein subfamilies associated with different physiological functions or pathophysiological conditions in humans. Proteins harboring a Rhodanese domain are diverse in terms of domain architecture, with some representatives exhibiting one or several Rhodanese domains, fused or not to other structural domains. The most famous Rhodanese domains are catalytically active, thanks to an active-site loop containing an essential cysteine residue which allows for catalyzing sulfur transfer reactions involved in sulfur trafficking, hydrogen sulfide metabolism, biosynthesis of molybdenum cofactor, thio-modification of tRNAs or protein urmylation. In addition, they also catalyse phosphatase reactions linked to cell cycle regulation, and recent advances proposed a new role into tRNA hydroxylation, illustrating the catalytic versatility of Rhodanese domain. To date, no exhaustive analysis of Rhodanese containing protein equipment from humans is available. In this review, we focus on structural and biochemical properties of human-active Rhodanese-containing proteins, in order to provide a picture of their established or putative key roles in many essential biological functions.
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3
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Song X, Li Y, Stirling E, Zhao K, Wang B, Zhu Y, Luo Y, Xu J, Ma B. AsgeneDB: a curated orthology arsenic metabolism gene database and computational tool for metagenome annotation. NAR Genom Bioinform 2022; 4:lqac080. [PMID: 36330044 PMCID: PMC9623898 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is the most ubiquitous toxic metalloid in nature. Microbe-mediated As metabolism plays an important role in global As biogeochemical processes, greatly changing its toxicity and bioavailability. While metagenomic sequencing may advance our understanding of the As metabolism capacity of microbial communities in different environments, accurate metagenomic profiling of As metabolism remains challenging due to low coverage and inaccurate definitions of As metabolism gene families in public orthology databases. Here we developed a manually curated As metabolism gene database (AsgeneDB) comprising 400 242 representative sequences from 59 As metabolism gene families, which are affiliated with 1653 microbial genera from 46 phyla. AsgeneDB achieved 100% annotation sensitivity and 99.96% annotation accuracy for an artificial gene dataset. We then applied AsgeneDB for functional and taxonomic profiling of As metabolism in metagenomes from various habitats (freshwater, hot spring, marine sediment and soil). The results showed that AsgeneDB substantially improved the mapping ratio of short reads in metagenomes from various environments. Compared with other databases, AsgeneDB provides more accurate, more comprehensive and faster analysis of As metabolic genes. In addition, we developed an R package, Asgene, to facilitate the analysis of metagenome sequencing data. Therefore, AsgeneDB and the associated Asgene package will greatly promote the study of As metabolism in microbial communities in various environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Song
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Erinne Stirling
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Kankan Zhao
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Binhao Wang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Yongguan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bin Ma
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 13282198979;
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4
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Lee J, Levin DE. Differential metabolism of arsenicals regulates Fps1-mediated arsenite transport. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212996. [PMID: 35139143 PMCID: PMC8932518 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is an environmental toxin that exists mainly as pentavalent arsenate and trivalent arsenite. Both forms activate the yeast SAPK Hog1 but with different consequences. We describe a mechanism by which cells distinguish between these arsenicals through one-step metabolism to differentially regulate the bidirectional glycerol channel Fps1, an adventitious port for arsenite. Cells exposed to arsenate reduce it to thiol-reactive arsenite, which modifies a set of cysteine residues in target proteins, whereas cells exposed to arsenite metabolize it to methylarsenite, which modifies an additional set of cysteine residues. Hog1 becomes arsenylated, which prevents it from closing Fps1. However, this block is overcome in cells exposed to arsenite through methylarsenylation of Acr3, an arsenite efflux pump that we found also regulates Fps1 directly. This adaptation allows cells to restrict arsenite entry through Fps1 and also allows its exit when produced from arsenate exposure. These results have broad implications for understanding how SAPKs activated by diverse stressors can drive stress-specific outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - David E Levin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA.,Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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5
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Abdul Salam AA, Nayek U, Mathew G, Unnikrishnan M. Structural, CSD, and computational studies of 6b, 11b-Dihydroxy-6b, 11-b-dihydro-7H-indeno[1,2-b]naptho[2,1-d]furan-7-one, a therapeutic potential small molecule. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Pérez-Palacios P, Funes-Pinter I, Agostini E, Talano MA, Ibáñez SG, Humphry M, Edwards K, Rodríguez-Llorente ID, Caviedes MA, Pajuelo E. Targeting Acr3 from Ensifer medicae to the plasma membrane or to the tonoplast of tobacco hairy roots allows arsenic extrusion or improved accumulation. Effect of acr3 expression on the root transcriptome. Metallomics 2019; 11:1864-1886. [PMID: 31588944 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic tobacco hairy roots expressing the bacterial arsenite efflux pump Acr3 from Ensifer medicae were generated. The gene product was targeted either to the plasma membrane (ACR3 lines) or to the tonoplast by fusing the ACR3 protein to the tonoplast integral protein TIP1.1 (TIP-ACR3 lines). Roots expressing Acr3 at the tonoplast showed greater biomass than those expressing Acr3 at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, higher contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and RNA degradation in ACR3 lines were indicative of higher oxidative stress. The determination of ROS-scavenging enzymes depicted the transient role of peroxidases in ROS detoxification, followed by the action of superoxide dismutase during both short- and medium-term exposure periods. Regarding As accumulation, ACR3 lines accumulated up to 20-30% less As, whereas TIP-ACR3 achieved a 2-fold increase in As accumulation in comparison to control hairy roots. Strategies that presumably induce As uptake, such as phosphate deprivation or dehydration followed by rehydration in the presence of As, fostered As accumulation up to 10 800 μg g-1. Finally, the effects of the heterologous expression of acr3 on the root transcriptome were assessed. Expression at the plasma membrane induced drastic changes in gene expression, with outstanding overexpression of genes related to electron transport, ATP synthesis and ATPases, suggesting that As efflux is the main detoxification mechanism in these lines. In addition, genes encoding heat shock proteins and those related to proline synthesis and drought tolerance were activated. On the other hand, TIP-ACR3 lines showed a similar gene expression profile to that of control roots, with overexpression of the glutathione and phytochelatin synthesis pathways, together with secondary metabolism pathways as the most important resistance mechanisms in TIP-ACR3, for which As allocation into the vacuole allowed better growth and stress management. Our results suggest that modulation of As accumulation can be achieved by subcellular targeting of Acr3: expression at the tonoplast enhances As accumulation in roots, whereas expression at the plasma membrane could promote As efflux. Thus, both approaches open the possibilities for developing safer crops when grown on As-polluted paddy soils, but expression at the tonoplast leads to better growth and less stressed roots, since the high energy cost of As efflux likely compromises growth in ACR3 lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez-Palacios
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012-Sevilla, Spain. and Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 - Km. 601 - Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina and Plant Biotechnology Division, British American Tobacco, Cambridge, CB4 0WA, UK
| | - Iván Funes-Pinter
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012-Sevilla, Spain. and Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza (CP 5507), Atte Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 - Km. 601 - Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Melina A Talano
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, FCEFQyN, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 - Km. 601 - Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sabrina G Ibáñez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Matt Humphry
- British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Cambridge, CB4 0WA, UK
| | - Kieron Edwards
- Plant Biotechnology Division, British American Tobacco, Cambridge, CB4 0WA, UK
| | - Ignacio D Rodríguez-Llorente
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012-Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Caviedes
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012-Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González, 2, 41012-Sevilla, Spain.
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7
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Cerchia C, Nasso R, Mori M, Villa S, Gelain A, Capasso A, Aliotta F, Simonetti M, Rullo R, Masullo M, De Vendittis E, Ruocco MR, Lavecchia A. Discovery of Novel Naphthylphenylketone and Naphthylphenylamine Derivatives as Cell Division Cycle 25B (CDC25B) Phosphatase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Inhibition Mechanism, and in Vitro Efficacy against Melanoma Cell Lines. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7089-7110. [PMID: 31294975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
CDC25 phosphatases play a critical role in the regulation of the cell cycle and thus represent attractive cancer therapeutic targets. We previously discovered the 4-(2-carboxybenzoyl)phthalic acid (NSC28620) as a new CDC25 inhibitor endowed with promising anticancer activity in breast, prostate, and leukemia cells. Herein, we report a structure-based optimization of NSC28620, leading to the identification of a series of novel naphthylphenylketone and naphthylphenylamine derivatives as CDC25B inhibitors. Compounds 7j, 7i, 6e, 7f, and 3 showed higher inhibitory activity than the initial lead, with Ki values in the low micromolar range. Kinetic analysis, intrinsic fluorescence studies, and induced fit docking simulations provided a mechanistic understanding of the activity of these derivatives. All compounds were tested in the highly aggressive human melanoma cell lines A2058 and A375. Compound 4a potently inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, causing an increase of the G2/M phase and a reduction of the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle in both cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cerchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano, 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy.,Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness , University of Naples "Parthenope" , 80133 Naples , Italy
| | - Matteo Mori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Via Mangiagalli, 25 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - Stefania Villa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Via Mangiagalli, 25 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - Arianna Gelain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Via Mangiagalli, 25 , 20133 Milan , Italy
| | - Alessandra Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Federica Aliotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Martina Simonetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Rosario Rullo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy.,Institute for the Animal Production Systems in the Mediterranean Environment , Via Argine 1085 , 80147 Naples , Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness , University of Naples "Parthenope" , 80133 Naples , Italy
| | - Emmanuele De Vendittis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruocco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano, 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
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8
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Garbinski LD, Rosen BP, Chen J. Pathways of arsenic uptake and efflux. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 126:585-597. [PMID: 30852446 PMCID: PMC6472914 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a non-essential, environmentally ubiquitous toxic metalloid. In response to this pervasive environmental challenge, organisms evolved mechanisms to confer resistance to arsenicals. Inorganic pentavalent arsenate is taken into most cells adventitiously by phosphate uptake systems. Similarly, inorganic trivalent arsenite is taken into most cells adventitiously, primarily via aquaglyceroporins or sugar permeases. The most common strategy for tolerance to both inorganic and organic arsenicals is by efflux that extrude them from the cytosol. These efflux transporters span across kingdoms and belong to various families such as aquaglyceroporins, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and potentially novel, yet to be discovered families. This review will outline the properties and substrates of known arsenic transport systems, the current knowledge gaps in the field, and aims to provide insight into the importance of arsenic transport in the context of the global arsenic biogeocycle and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Garbinski
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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9
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Kriznik A, Yéléhé‐Okouma M, Lec J, Groshenry G, Le Cordier H, Charron C, Quinternet M, Mazon H, Talfournier F, Boschi‐Muller S, Jouzeau J, Reboul P. CRDSATGenerated by pCARGHO: A New Efficient Lectin‐Based Affinity Tag Method for Safe, Simple, and Low‐Cost Protein Purification. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800214. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kriznik
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Mélissa Yéléhé‐Okouma
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
- Département de Pharmacologie Clinique et ToxicologieCentre Hospitalier Régional UniversitaireF‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Jean‐Christophe Lec
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Guillaume Groshenry
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Hélène Le Cordier
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Christophe Charron
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Marc Quinternet
- Unité Mixte de Service (UMS) 2008Ingénierie Biologie Santé en Lorraine (IBSLor)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Hortense Mazon
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - François Talfournier
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Sandrine Boschi‐Muller
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Jean‐Yves Jouzeau
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
- Département de Pharmacologie Clinique et ToxicologieCentre Hospitalier Régional UniversitaireF‐54000NancyFrance
| | - Pascal Reboul
- Université de LorraineCNRS, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Pathologie Articulaire (IMoPA)F‐54000NancyFrance
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10
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Lee J, Levin DE. Intracellular mechanism by which arsenite activates the yeast stress MAPK Hog1. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:1904-1915. [PMID: 29846136 PMCID: PMC6085820 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-03-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-activated MAPKs (SAPKs) respond to a wide variety of stressors. In most cases, the pathways through which specific stress signals are transmitted to the SAPKs are not known. In this study, we delineate the intracellular signaling pathway by which the trivalent toxic metalloid arsenite [As(III)] activates the yeast SAPK Hog1. We demonstrate that, to activate Hog1, As(III) must enter the cell through the glycerol channel Fps1 and must be metabolized to methyl arsenite [MAs(III)] by the dimeric methyltransferase Mtq2:Trm112. We found that Mtq2:Trm1 displays SAM-dependent methyltransferase activity toward both As(III) and MAs(III). Additionally, we present genetic and biochemical evidence that MAs(III), but not As(III), is a potent inhibitor of the protein tyrosine phosphatases (Ptp2 and Ptp3) that normally maintain Hog1 in an inactive state. Inhibition of Ptp2 and Ptp3 by MAs(III) results in elevated Hog1 phosphorylation without activation of the protein kinases that act upstream of the SAPK and raises the possibility that other Hog1-activating stressors act intracellularly at different points along the canonical Hog1 activation pathway. Finally, we show that arsenate [As(V)], a pentavalent form of arsenic, also activates Hog1, but through a pathway that is distinct from that of As(III) and involves activation of the Hog1 MEK Pbs2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - David E Levin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118.,Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
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11
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Lec JC, Boutserin S, Mazon H, Mulliert G, Boschi-Muller S, Talfournier F. Unraveling the Mechanism of Cysteine Persulfide Formation Catalyzed by 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferases. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Lec
- Ingénierie
Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Bâtiment Biopole, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
| | - Séverine Boutserin
- Ingénierie
Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Bâtiment Biopole, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
| | - Hortense Mazon
- Ingénierie
Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Bâtiment Biopole, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
| | - Guillermo Mulliert
- Cristallographie,
Résonnance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM2), UMR 7036 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, 54506, France
| | - Sandrine Boschi-Muller
- Ingénierie
Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Bâtiment Biopole, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
| | - François Talfournier
- Ingénierie
Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Bâtiment Biopole, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 54506, France
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12
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Zhu YG, Xue XM, Kappler A, Rosen BP, Meharg AA. Linking Genes to Microbial Biogeochemical Cycling: Lessons from Arsenic. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:7326-7339. [PMID: 28602082 PMCID: PMC5871744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The biotransformation of arsenic is highly relevant to the arsenic biogeochemical cycle. Identification of the molecular details of microbial pathways of arsenic biotransformation coupled with analyses of microbial communities by meta-omics can provide insights into detailed aspects of the complexities of this biocycle. Arsenic transformations couple to other biogeochemical cycles, and to the fate of both nutrients and other toxic environmental contaminants. Microbial redox metabolism of iron, carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen affects the redox and bioavailability of arsenic species. In this critical review we illustrate the biogeochemical processes and genes involved in arsenic biotransformations. We discuss how current and future metagenomic-, metatranscriptomic-, metaproteomic-, and metabolomic-based methods will help to decipher individual microbial arsenic transformation processes, and their connections to other biogeochemical cycle. These insights will allow future use of microbial metabolic capabilities for new biotechnological solutions to environmental problems. To understand the complex nature of inorganic and organic arsenic species and the fate of environmental arsenic will require integrating systematic approaches with biogeochemical modeling. Finally, from the lessons learned from these studies of arsenic biogeochemistry, we will be able to predict how the environment changes arsenic, and, in response, how arsenic biotransformations change the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xi-Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5HN, United Kingdom
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Singh KB, Maret W. The interactions of metal cations and oxyanions with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Biometals 2017; 30:517-527. [PMID: 28540523 PMCID: PMC5514212 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases are not considered to be metalloenzymes. Yet, they are inhibited by zinc cations and metal and non-metal oxyanions that are chemical analogues of phosphate, e.g. vanadate. Metal inhibition is generally not recognized as these enzymes are purified, supplied, and assayed with buffers containing chelating and reducing agents. We screened a series of cations and anions for their capacity to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and discuss the ensuing general issues with inhibition constants reported in the scientific literature. In contrast to zinc, which binds to the phosphocysteine intermediate in the closed conformation of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B when the catalytic aspartate has moved into the active site, other divalent cations such as cadmium and copper may also bind to the enzyme in the open conformation. Inhibition by both anions and cations, conditions such as pH, the presence of metal ligands such as glutathione, and the existence of multiple conformational states of protein tyrosine phosphatases in the reaction cycle establish a complex pattern of inhibition of these important regulatory enzymes with implications for the physiology, pharmacology and toxicology of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshetrimayum Birla Singh
- Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Metal Metabolism Group, Department of Biochemistry, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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14
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Rahman MT, De Ley M. Arsenic Induction of Metallothionein and Metallothionein Induction Against Arsenic Cytotoxicity. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 240:151-168. [PMID: 27115674 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to arsenic (As) can lead to oxidative stress that can become evident in organs such as the skin, liver, kidneys and lungs. Several intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms including glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) have been shown to minimize As cytotoxicity. The current review summarizes the involvement of MT as an intracellular defense mechanism against As cytotoxicity, mostly in blood. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) supplements are also proposed as a possible remediation of As cytotoxicity. In vivo and in vitro studies on As toxicity were reviewed to summarize cytotoxic mechanisms of As. Intracellular antioxidant defense mechanisms of MT are linked in relation to As cytotoxicity. Arsenic uses a different route, compared to major metal MT inducers such as Zn, to enter/exit blood cells. A number of in vivo and in vitro studies showed that upregulated MT biosynthesis in blood components are related to toxic levels of As. Despite the cysteine residues in MT that aid to bind As, MT is not the preferred binding protein for As. Nonetheless, intracellular oxidative stress due to As toxicity can be minimized, if not eliminated, by MT. Thus MT induction by essential metals such as Zn and Se supplementation could be beneficial to fight against As toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc De Ley
- Laboratorium voor Biochemie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, Postbus 2413, 3001, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium
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15
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Bellomo E, Birla Singh K, Massarotti A, Hogstrand C, Maret W. The metal face of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Coord Chem Rev 2016; 327-328:70-83. [PMID: 27890939 PMCID: PMC5115158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A new paradigm in metallobiochemistry describes the activation of inactive metalloenzymes by metal ion removal. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) do not seem to require a metal ion for enzymatic activity. However, both metal cations and metal anions modulate their enzymatic activity. One binding site is the phosphate binding site at the catalytic cysteine residue. Oxyanions with structural similarity to phosphate, such as vanadate, inhibit the enzyme with nanomolar to micromolar affinities. In addition, zinc ions (Zn2+) inhibit with picomolar to nanomolar affinities. We mapped the cation binding site close to the anion binding site and established a specific mechanism of inhibition occurring only in the closed conformation of the enzyme when the catalytic cysteine is phosphorylated and the catalytic aspartate moves into the active site. We discuss this dual inhibition by anions and cations here for PTP1B, the most thoroughly investigated protein tyrosine phosphatase. The significance of the inhibition in phosphorylation signaling is becoming apparent only from the functions of PTP1B in the biological context of metal cations as cellular signaling ions. Zinc ion signals complement redox signals but provide a different type of control and longer lasting inhibition on a biological time scale owing to the specificity and affinity of zinc ions for coordination environments. Inhibitor design for PTP1B and other PTPs is a major area of research activity and interest owing to their prominent roles in metabolic regulation in health and disease, in particular cancer and diabetes. Our results explain the apparent dichotomy of both cations (Zn2+) and oxyanions such as vanadate inhibiting PTP1B and having insulin-enhancing ("anti-diabetic") effects and suggest different approaches, namely targeting PTPs in the cell by affecting their physiological modulators and considering a metallodrug approach that builds on the knowledge of the insulin-enhancing effects of both zinc and vanadium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bellomo
- Metal Metabolism Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Kshetrimayum Birla Singh
- Metal Metabolism Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Alberto Massarotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metal Metabolism Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Metal Metabolism Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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16
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Chen J, Sun S, Li CZ, Zhu YG, Rosen BP. Biosensor for organoarsenical herbicides and growth promoters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1141-7. [PMID: 24359149 PMCID: PMC3939449 DOI: 10.1021/es4038319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid arsenic is widely distributed in food, water, and soil. While inorganic arsenic enters the environment primarily from geochemical sources, methylarsenicals either result from microbial biotransformation of inorganic arsenic or are introduced anthropogenically. Methylarsenicals such as monosodium methylarsonic acid (MSMA) have been extensively utilized as herbicides, and aromatic arsenicals such as roxarsone (Rox) are used as growth promoters for poultry and swine. Organoarsenicals are degraded to inorganic arsenic. The toxicological effects of arsenicals depend on their oxidation state, chemical composition, and bioavailability. Here we report that the active forms are the trivalent arsenic-containing species. We constructed a whole-cell biosensor utilizing a modified ArsR repressor that is highly selective toward trivalent methyl and aromatic arsenicals, with essentially no response to inorganic arsenic. The biosensor was adapted for in vitro detection of organoarsenicals using fluorescence anisotropy of ArsR-DNA interactions. It detects bacterial biomethylation of inorganic arsenite both in vivo and in vitro with detection limits of 10(-7) M and linearity to 10(-6) M for phenylarsenite and 5 × 10(-6) M for methylarsenite. The biosensor detects reduced forms of MSMA and roxarsone and offers a practical, low cost method for detecting activate forms and breakdown products of organoarsenical herbicides and growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- State Key Lab of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Samio Sun
- Nanobioengineering/Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Nanobioengineering/Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Lab of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Barry P. Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Correspondence: Barry P. Rosen, Herbert Wertheim Florida International University College of Medicine, 11200 SW 8th Street, HLS II 693 Miami, FL 33199 Tel: (+1) 305-348-0657, Fax: (+1) 305-348-0651,
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Shen
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine
and Pathology, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G3
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine
and Pathology, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G3
| | - William R. Cullen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Michael Weinfeld
- Department of Oncology, Cross
Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 1Z2
| | - X. Chris Le
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine
and Pathology, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G3
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18
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Salgado A, López-Serrano Oliver A, Matia-González AM, Sotelo J, Zarco-Fernández S, Muñoz-Olivas R, Cámara C, Rodríguez-Gabriel MA. Response to arsenate treatment in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the role of its arsenate reductase activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43208. [PMID: 22912829 PMCID: PMC3422283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity has been studied for a long time due to its effects in humans. Although epidemiological studies have demonstrated multiple effects in human physiology, there are many open questions about the cellular targets and the mechanisms of response to arsenic. Using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as model system, we have been able to demonstrate a strong activation of the MAPK Spc1/Sty1 in response to arsenate. This activation is dependent on Wis1 activation and Pyp2 phosphatase inactivation. Using arsenic speciation analysis we have also demonstrated the previously unknown capacity of S. pombe cells to reduce As (V) to As (III). Genetic analysis of several fission yeast mutants point towards the cell cycle phosphatase Cdc25 as a possible candidate to carry out this arsenate reductase activity. We propose that arsenate reduction and intracellular accumulation of arsenite are the key mechanisms of arsenate tolerance in fission yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Salgado
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana López-Serrano Oliver
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Matia-González
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jael Sotelo
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Zarco-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Riansares Muñoz-Olivas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Cámara
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rodríguez-Gabriel
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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19
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Lavecchia A, Di Giovanni C, Pesapane A, Montuori N, Ragno P, Martucci NM, Masullo M, De Vendittis E, Novellino E. Discovery of new inhibitors of Cdc25B dual specificity phosphatases by structure-based virtual screening. J Med Chem 2012; 55:4142-58. [PMID: 22524450 DOI: 10.1021/jm201624h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell division cycle 25 (Cdc25) proteins are highly conserved dual specificity phosphatases that regulate cyclin-dependent kinases and represent attractive drug targets for anticancer therapies. To discover more potent and diverse inhibitors of Cdc25 biological activity, virtual screening was performed by docking 2.1 million compounds into the Cdc25B active site. An initial subset of top-ranked compounds was selected and assayed, and 15 were found to have enzyme inhibition activity at micromolar concentration. Among these, four structurally diverse inhibitors with a different inhibition profile were found to inhibit human MCF-7, PC-3, and K562 cancer cell proliferation and significantly affect the cell cycle progression. A subsequent hierarchical similarity search with the most active reversible Cdc25B inhibitor found led to the identification of an additional set of 19 ligands, three of which were confirmed as Cdc25B inhibitors with IC(50) values of 7.9, 4.2, and 9.9 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Drug Discovery Laboratory, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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20
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Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska E, Wawrzycka D, Wysocki R. Arsenic and antimony transporters in eukaryotes. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3527-3548. [PMID: 22489166 PMCID: PMC3317726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic and antimony are toxic metalloids, naturally present in the environment and all organisms have developed pathways for their detoxification. The most effective metalloid tolerance systems in eukaryotes include downregulation of metalloid uptake, efflux out of the cell, and complexation with phytochelatin or glutathione followed by sequestration into the vacuole. Understanding of arsenic and antimony transport system is of high importance due to the increasing usage of arsenic-based drugs in the treatment of certain types of cancer and diseases caused by protozoan parasites as well as for the development of bio- and phytoremediation strategies for metalloid polluted areas. However, in contrast to prokaryotes, the knowledge about specific transporters of arsenic and antimony and the mechanisms of metalloid transport in eukaryotes has been very limited for a long time. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding of arsenic and antimony transport pathways in eukaryotes, including a dual role of aquaglyceroporins in uptake and efflux of metalloids, elucidation of arsenic transport mechanism by the yeast Acr3 transporter and its role in arsenic hyperaccumulation in ferns, identification of vacuolar transporters of arsenic-phytochelatin complexes in plants and forms of arsenic substrates recognized by mammalian ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland; E-Mail:
| | - Donata Wawrzycka
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland; E-Mail:
| | - Robert Wysocki
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland; E-Mail:
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21
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Spadafora ND, Doonan JH, Herbert RJ, Bitonti MB, Wallace E, Rogers HJ, Francis D. Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional lines for CDC25 are hypersensitive to hydroxyurea but not to zeocin or salt stress. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2011; 107:1183-92. [PMID: 20647223 PMCID: PMC3091795 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcq142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In yeasts and animals, cyclin-dependent kinases are key regulators of cell cycle progression and are negatively and positively regulated by WEE1 kinase and CDC25 phosphatase, respectively. In higher plants a full-length orthologue of CDC25 has not been isolated but a shorter gene with homology only to the C-terminal catalytic domain is present. The Arabidopis thaliana;CDC25 can act as a phosphatase in vitro. Since in arabidopsis, WEE1 plays an important role in the DNA damage/DNA replication checkpoints, the role of Arath;CDC25 in conditions that induce these checkpoints or induce abiotic stress was tested. Methods arath;cdc25 T-DNA insertion lines, Arath;CDC25 over-expressing lines and wild type were challenged with hydroxyurea (HU) and zeocin, substances that stall DNA replication and damage DNA, respectively, together with an abiotic stressor, NaCl. A molecular and phenotypic assessment was made of all genotypes Key RESULTS There was a null phenotypic response to perturbation of Arath;CDC25 expression under control conditions. However, compared with wild type, the arath;cdc25 T-DNA insertion lines were hypersensitive to HU, whereas the Arath;CDC25 over-expressing lines were relatively insensitive. In particular, the over-expressing lines consistently outgrew the T-DNA insertion lines and wild type when challenged with HU. All genotypes were equally sensitive to zeocin and NaCl. CONCLUSIONS Arath;CDC25 plays a role in overcoming stress imposed by HU, an agent know to induce the DNA replication checkpoint in arabidopsis. However, it could not enhance tolerance to either a zeocin treatment, known to induce DNA damage, or salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha D. Spadafora
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main College, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
- Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
| | - John H. Doonan
- Department of Cell Biology, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Robert J. Herbert
- Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
| | - M. Beatrice Bitonti
- Dipartimento di Ecologia, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, I-87030 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Emily Wallace
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main College, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Hilary J. Rogers
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main College, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Dennis Francis
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main College, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
- For correspondence. E-mail
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22
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Lipavská H, Masková P, Vojvodová P. Regulatory dephosphorylation of CDK at G₂/M in plants: yeast mitotic phosphatase cdc25 induces cytokinin-like effects in transgenic tobacco morphogenesis. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2011; 107:1071-86. [PMID: 21339187 PMCID: PMC3091802 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcr016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last three decades, the cell cycle and its control by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been extensively studied in eukaryotes. This endeavour has produced an overall picture that basic mechanisms seem to be largely conserved among all eukaryotes. The intricate regulation of CDK activities includes, among others, CDK activation by CDC25 phosphatase at G₂/M. In plants, however, studies of this regulation have lagged behind as a plant Cdc25 homologue or other unrelated phosphatase active at G₂/M have not yet been identified. SCOPE Failure to identify a plant mitotic CDK activatory phosphatase led to characterization of the effects of alien cdc25 gene expression in plants. Tobacco, expressing the Schizosaccharomyces pombe mitotic activator gene, Spcdc25, exhibited morphological, developmental and biochemical changes when compared with wild type (WT) and, importantly, increased CDK dephosphorylation at G₂/M. Besides changes in leaf shape, internode length and root development, in day-neutral tobacco there was dramatically earlier onset of flowering with a disturbed acropetal floral capacity gradient typical of WT. In vitro, de novo organ formation revealed substantially earlier and more abundant formation of shoot primordia on Spcdc25 tobacco stem segments grown on shoot-inducing media when compared with WT. Moreover, in contrast to WT, stem segments from transgenic plants formed shoots even without application of exogenous growth regulator. Spcdc25-expressing BY-2 cells exhibited a reduced mitotic cell size due to a shortening of the G₂ phase together with high activity of cyclin-dependent kinase, NtCDKB1, in early S-phase, S/G₂ and early M-phase. Spcdc25-expressing tobacco ('Samsun') cell suspension cultures showed a clustered, more circular, cell phenotype compared with chains of elongated WT cells, and increased content of starch and soluble sugars. Taken together, Spcdc25 expression had cytokinin-like effects on the characteristics studied, although determination of endogenous cytokinin levels revealed a dramatic decrease in Spcdc25 transgenics. CONCLUSIONS The data gained using the plants expressing yeast mitotic activator, Spcdc25, clearly argue for the existence and importance of activatory dephosphorylation at G₂/M transition and its interaction with cytokinin signalling in plants. The observed cytokinin-like effects of Spcdc25 expression are consistent with the concept of interaction between cell cycle regulators and phytohormones during plant development. The G₂/M control of the plant cell cycle, however, remains an elusive issue as doubts persist about the mode of activatory dephosphorylation, which in other eukaryotes is provided by Cdc25 phosphatase serving as a final all-or-nothing mitosis regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Lipavská
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 5, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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23
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex events of mitosis rely on precise timing and on immaculate preparation for their success, but the G₂/M transition in the plant cell cycle is currently steeped in controversy and alternative models. SCOPE In this brief review, the regulation of the G₂/M transition in plants is commented on. The extent to which the G₂/M transition is phosphoregulated by WEE1 kinase and CDC25 phosphatase, as exemplified in yeasts and animals, is discussed together with an alternative model that excludes these proteins from this transition. Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional lines for WEE1 and CDC25 that develop normally prompted the latter model. An argument is then presented that environmental stress is the norm for higher plants in temperate conditions. If so, the repressive role that WEE1 has under checkpoint conditions might be part of the normal cell cycle for many proliferative plant cells. Arabidopsis CDC25 can function as either a phosphatase or an arsenate reductase and recent evidence suggests that cdc25 knockouts are hypersensitive to hydroxyurea, a drug that induces the DNA-replication checkpoint. That other data show a null response of these knockouts to hydroxyurea leads to an airing of the controversy surrounding the enigmatic plant CDC25 at the G₂/M transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Francis
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Cardiff, UK.
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24
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Fekry MI, Tipton PA, Gates KS. Kinetic consequences of replacing the internucleotide phosphorus atoms in DNA with arsenic. ACS Chem Biol 2011; 6:127-30. [PMID: 21268588 DOI: 10.1021/cb2000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It was claimed in a recent publication that a strain of Halomonadacea bacteria (GFAJ-1) isolated from the arsenic-rich waters of Mono Lake, California is able to substitute arsenic for phosphorus in its macromolecules and small molecule metabolites. In this short Perspective, we consider chemical and biochemical issues surrounding the central claim that Halomonadacea GFAJ-1 is able to survive while incorporating kinetically labile arsenodiester linkages into the backbone of its DNA. Chemical precedents suggest that arsenodiester linkages in the putative arsenic-containing DNA of GFAJ-1 would undergo very rapid hydrolytic cleavage in water at 25 °C with an estimated half-life of 0.06 s. In contrast, the phosphodiester linkages of native DNA undergo spontaneous hydrolysis with a half-life of approximately 30,000,000 y at 25 °C. Overcoming such dramatic kinetic instability in its genetic material would present serious challenges to Halomonadacea GFAJ-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa I. Fekry
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, Egypt 11562
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25
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Abstract
Conversion of arsenate to arsenite is a critical event in the pathway that leads from inorganic arsenic to a variety of methylated metabolites. The formation of methylated metabolites influences distribution and retention of arsenic and affects the reactivity and toxicity of these intermediates. Indeed, some of the toxic and carcinogenic effects associated with exposure to arsenate or arsenite are probably mediated by methylated arsenicals. Recent work has demonstrated a biologically plausible role for phosphorolytic-arsenolytic enzymes in a reaction scheme in which an "activated" arsenate ester is readily reduced by thiols to arsenite. Thiol-dependent reduction of arsenate esters formed by arsenolysis may be one of several functionally reductant processes that control the flux of arsenic into the cellular pathway for arsenic methylation. Integrating these reductive processes into a conceptual model for arsenic metabolism may provide new insights into the cellular machinery for handling this toxic metalloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Thomas
- Pharmacokinetics Branch, Integrated Systems Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD B143-1, 109 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA.
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