1
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Jäck N, Hemming A, Hartmann L. Synthesis of Dual-Responsive Amphiphilic Glycomacromolecules: Controlled Release of Glycan Ligands via pH and UV Stimuli. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400439. [PMID: 39037337 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a versatile strategy for the synthesis of dual stimuli-responsive amphiphilic glycomacromolecules with tailored release properties. Amphiphilic precision glycomacromolecules (APGs) derived from tailor-made building blocks using solid phase polymer synthesis form glycofunctionalized micelles, a versatile class of materials with applications in drug delivery, as antiinfection agents as well as simple cell mimetics. In this work, this concept is extended by integrating cleavable building blocks into APGs now allowing stimuli-responsive release of glycan ligands or destruction of the micelles. This study incorporates a newly designed acid-labile building block, 4-(4-(((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)methyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)benzoic acid (DBA), suitable also for other types of solid phase or amide chemistry, and an established UV-cleavable 2-nitrobenzyl linker (PL). The results demonstrate that both linkers can be cleaved independently and thus allow dual stimuli-responsive release from the APG micelles. By choosing the APG design e.g., placing the cleavable linkers between glycomacromolecular blocks presenting different types of carbohydrates, they can tune APG and micellar stability as well as the interaction and cluster formation with a carbohydrate-recognizing lectin. Such dual-responsive glycofunctionalized micelles have wide potential for use in drug delivery applications or for the development as anti-adhesion agents in antiviral and antibacterial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Jäck
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hemming
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110, Freiburg, Germany
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2
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Steffens RC, Folda P, Fendler NL, Höhn M, Bücher-Schossau K, Kempter S, Snyder NL, Hartmann L, Wagner E, Berger S. GalNAc- or Mannose-PEG-Functionalized Polyplexes Enable Effective Lectin-Mediated DNA Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:351-370. [PMID: 38440876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A cationic, dendrimer-like oligo(aminoamide) carrier with four-arm topology based on succinoyl tetraethylene pentamine and histidines, cysteines, and N-terminal azido-lysines was screened for plasmid DNA delivery on various cell lines. The incorporated azides allow modification with various shielding agents of different polyethylene glycol (PEG) lengths and/or different ligands by copper-free click reaction, either before or after polyplex formation. Prefunctionalization was found to be advantageous over postfunctionalization in terms of nanoparticle formation, stability, and efficacy. A length of 24 ethylene oxide repetition units and prefunctionalization of ≥50% of azides per carrier promoted optimal polyplex shielding. PEG shielding resulted in drastically reduced DNA transfer, which could be successfully restored by active lectin targeting via novel GalNAc or mannose ligands, enabling enhanced receptor-mediated endocytosis of the carrier system. The involvement of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in the uptake of GalNAc-functionalized polyplexes was confirmed in the ASGPR-positive hepatocarcinoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Mannose-modified polyplexes showed superior cellular uptake and transfection efficacy compared to unmodified and shielded polyplexes in mannose-receptor-expressing dendritic cell-like DC2.4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda C Steffens
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Folda
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nikole L Fendler
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Bücher-Schossau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Kempter
- Faculty of Physics, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
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3
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De Franceschi I, Badi N, Du Prez FE. Telechelic sequence-defined oligoamides: their step-economical synthesis, depolymerization and use in polymer networks. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2805-2816. [PMID: 38404375 PMCID: PMC10882489 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04820a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of sequence-defined macromolecules in material science remains largely unexplored due to their challenging, low yielding and time-consuming synthesis. This work first describes a step-economical method for synthesizing unnatural sequence-defined oligoamides through fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chemistry. The use of a monodisperse soluble support enables homogeneous reactions at elevated temperature (up to 65 °C), leading to rapid coupling times (<10 min) and improved synthesis protocols. Moreover, a one-pot procedure for the two involved iterative steps is demonstrated via an intermediate quenching step, eliminating the need for in-between purification. The protocol is optimized using γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as initial amino acid, and the unique ability of the resulting oligomers to depolymerize, with the formation of cyclic γ-butyrolactame, is evidenced. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the versatility of the present protocol, a library of 17 unnatural amino acid monomers is synthesized, starting from the readily available GABA-derivative 4-amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acid, and then used to create multifunctional tetramers. Notably, the obtained tetramers show higher thermal stability than a similar thiolactone-based sequence-defined macromolecule, which enables its exploration within a material context. To that end, a bidirectional growth approach is proposed as a greener alternative that reduces the number of synthetic steps to obtain telechelic sequence-defined oligoamides. The latter are finally used as macromers for the preparation of polymer networks. We expect this strategy to pave the way for the further exploration of sequence-defined macromolecules in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene De Franceschi
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Filip E Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium
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4
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Seiler T, Lennartz A, Klein K, Hommel K, Figueroa Bietti A, Hadrovic I, Kollenda S, Sager J, Beuck C, Chlosta E, Bayer P, Juul-Madsen K, Vorup-Jensen T, Schrader T, Epple M, Knauer SK, Hartmann L. Potentiating Tweezer Affinity to a Protein Interface with Sequence-Defined Macromolecules on Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3666-3679. [PMID: 37507377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Survivin, a well-known member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is upregulated in many cancer cells, which is associated with resistance to chemotherapy. To circumvent this, inhibitors are currently being developed to interfere with the nuclear export of survivin by targeting its protein-protein interaction (PPI) with the export receptor CRM1. Here, we combine for the first time a supramolecular tweezer motif, sequence-defined macromolecular scaffolds, and ultrasmall Au nanoparticles (us-AuNPs) to tailor a high avidity inhibitor targeting the survivin-CRM1 interaction. A series of biophysical and biochemical experiments, including surface plasmon resonance measurements and their multivalent evaluation by EVILFIT, reveal that for divalent macromolecular constructs with increasing linker distance, the longest linkers show superior affinity, slower dissociation, as well as more efficient PPI inhibition. As a drawback, these macromolecular tweezer conjugates do not enter cells, a critical feature for potential applications. The problem is solved by immobilizing the tweezer conjugates onto us-AuNPs, which enables efficient transport into HeLa cells. On the nanoparticles, the tweezer valency rises from 2 to 16 and produces a 100-fold avidity increase. The hierarchical combination of different scaffolds and controlled multivalent presentation of supramolecular binders was the key to the development of highly efficient survivin-CRM1 competitors. This concept may also be useful for other PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Seiler
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstraße 1, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Annika Lennartz
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Kai Klein
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Katrin Hommel
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Antonio Figueroa Bietti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Inesa Hadrovic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kollenda
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Jonas Sager
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Emilia Chlosta
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Kristian Juul-Madsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Skou Building (1115), Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Vorup-Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Skou Building (1115), Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstraße 1, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
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5
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Lete M, Hoffmann M, Schomann N, Martínez-Castillo A, Peccati F, Konietzny PB, Delgado S, Snyder NL, Jiménez-Oses G, Abrescia NGA, Ardá A, Hartmann L, Jiménez-Barbero J. Molecular Recognition of Glycan-Bearing Glycomacromolecules Presented at Membrane Surfaces by Lectins: An NMR View. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16883-16895. [PMID: 37214724 PMCID: PMC10193412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lectin-glycan interactions are at the heart of a multitude of biological events. Glycans are usually presented in a multivalent manner on the cell surface as part of the so-called glycocalyx, where they interact with other entities. This multivalent presentation allows us to overcome the typical low affinities found for individual glycan-lectin interactions. Indeed, the presentation of glycans may drastically impact their binding by lectins, highly affecting the corresponding binding affinity and even selectivity. In this context, we herein present the study of the interaction of a variety of homo- and heteromultivalent lactose-functionalized glycomacromolecules and their lipid conjugates with two human galectins. We have employed as ligands the glycomacromolecules, as well as liposomes decorated with those structures, to evaluate their interactions in a cell-mimicking environment. Key details of the interaction have been unravelled by NMR experiments, both from the ligand and receptor perspectives, complemented by cryo-electron microscopy methods and molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta
G. Lete
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Miriam Hoffmann
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Nils Schomann
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ane Martínez-Castillo
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Francesca Peccati
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Patrick B. Konietzny
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Sandra Delgado
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department
of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Oses
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicola G. A. Abrescia
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas
y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos
III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC
bioGUNE, Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Bizkaia, Spain
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid 28029, Spain
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6
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Illmann MD, Schäfl L, Drees F, Hartmann L, Schmidt S. Glycan-Presenting Coacervates Derived from Charged Poly(active esters): Preparation, Phase Behavior, and Lectin Capture. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37133885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the preparation and phase behavior of glycan-functionalized polyelectrolytes for capturing carbohydrate-binding proteins and bacteria in liquid condensate droplets. The droplets are formed by complex coacervation of poly(active ester)-derived polyanions and polycations. This approach allows for a straightforward modular introduction of charged motifs and specifically interacting units; mannose and galactose oligomers are used here as first examples. The introduction of carbohydrates has a notable effect on the phase separation and the critical salt concentration, potentially by reducing the charge density. Two mannose binding species, concanavalin A (ConA) and Escherichia coli, are shown to not only specifically bind to mannose-functionalized coacervates but also to some degree to unfunctionalized, carbohydrate-free coacervates. This suggests non-carbohydrate-specific charge-charge interactions between the protein/bacteria and the droplets. However, when mannose interactions are inhibited or when non-binding galactose-functionalized polymers are used, interactions are significantly weakened. This confirms specific mannose-mediated binding functionalization and suggests that introducing carbohydrates reduces non-specific charge-charge interactions by a so far unidentified mechanism. Overall, the presented route toward glycan-presenting polyelectrolytes enables new functional liquid condensate droplets with specific biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Denise Illmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lea Schäfl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felicitas Drees
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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7
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Konietzny PB, Freytag J, Feldhof MI, Müller JC, Ohl D, Stehle T, Hartmann L. Synthesis of Homo- and Heteromultivalent Fucosylated and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Conjugates via Preactivated N-Methyloxyamine Precision Macromolecules and Their Binding to Polyomavirus Capsid Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:5273-5284. [PMID: 36398945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are a versatile class of bioactive molecules that have found application as vaccines and antivirals and in cancer therapy. Their synthesis typically involves elaborate functionalization and use of protecting groups on the carbohydrate component in order to ensure efficient and selective conjugation. Alternatively, non-functionalized, non-protected carbohydrates isolated from biological sources or derived through biotechnological methods can be directly conjugated via N-methyloxyamine groups. In this study, we introduce such N-methyloxyamine groups into a variety of multivalent scaffolds─from small to oligomeric to polymeric scaffolds─making use of solid-phase polymer synthesis to assemble monodisperse sequence-defined macromolecules. These scaffolds are then successfully functionalized with different types of human milk oligosaccharides deriving a library of homo- and heteromultivalent glycoconjugates. Glycomacromolecules presenting oligosaccharide side chains with either α2,3- or α2,6-linked terminal sialic acid are used in a binding study with two types of polyomavirus capsid proteins showing that the multivalent presentation through the N-methyloxyamine-derived scaffolds increases the number of contacts with the protein. Overall, a straightforward route to derive glycoconjugates from complex oligosaccharides with high variability yet control in the multivalent scaffold is presented, and applicability of the derived structures is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Konietzny
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jasmin Freytag
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Melina I Feldhof
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Joshua C Müller
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Daniel Ohl
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 34, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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8
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Konietzny PB, Peters H, Hofer ML, Gerling-Driessen UIM, de Vries RP, Peters T, Hartmann L. Enzymatic Sialylation of Synthetic Multivalent Scaffolds: From 3'-Sialyllactose Glycomacromolecules to Novel Neoglycosides. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200358. [PMID: 36112275 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/1912] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sialoglycans play a key role in many biological recognition processes and sialylated conjugates of various types have successfully been applied, e.g., as antivirals or in antitumor therapy. A key feature for high affinity binding of such conjugates is the multivalent presentation of sialoglycans which often possess synthetic challenges. Here, the combination is described of solid phase polymer synthesis and enzymatic sialylation yielding 3'-sialyllactose-presenting precision glycomacromolecules. CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase from Neisseria meningitidis (NmCSS) and sialyltransferase from Pasteurella multocida (PmST1) are combined in a one-pot reaction giving access to sequence-defined sialylated macromolecules. Surprisingly, when employing Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) as a buffer, formation of significant amounts of α-linked Tris-sialoside is observed as a side reaction. Further exploring and exploiting this unusual sialylation reaction, different neoglycosidic structures are synthesized showing that PmST1 can be used to derive both, sialylation on natural carbohydrates as well as on synthetic hydroxylated scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Konietzny
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannelore Peters
- Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc L Hofer
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulla I M Gerling-Driessen
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert P de Vries
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Peters
- Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Banger A, Pasch P, Blawitzki L, Weber S, Otten M, Monzel C, Schmidt S, Voskuhl J, Hartmann L. Detection of Lectin Clustering in Self‐Assembled, Glycan‐Functionalized Amphiphiles by Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminophores. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Banger
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Peter Pasch
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Luca‐Cesare Blawitzki
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Simon Weber
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Marius Otten
- Department for Physical Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Cornelia Monzel
- Department for Experimental Medical Physics Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstrasse 2 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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10
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Hoffmann M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic Precision Glycomacromolecules with Sequence-Defined Sulfation and Rigidity Patterns. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4004-4014. [PMID: 35959886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) such as heparan sulfate (HS) are structurally diverse linear polysaccharides that are involved in many biological processes and have gained interest as antiviral compounds. Their recognition is driven by a complex orchestra of structural parameters that are still under intense investigation. One distinct characteristic is the incorporation of sulfation patterns including highly sulfated and non-sulfated sequences that provide variations in flexibility and conformation, which in turn impact the biological function of sGAGs. However, these distinct features have not yet been fully realized in the synthetic preparation of sGAG mimetics. Here, we present the synthesis of three groups of sulfated glycomacromolecules as sGAG mimetics: (i) globally sulfated glycooligomers, (ii) glycooligomers with sequence-defined sulfation patterns, and (iii) a globally sulfated glycooligomer-oligo-L-proline hybrid structure. The complete synthesis, including chemical sulfation, was conducted on solid support, enabled by the introduction of a commercially available photocleavable linker allowing for the preservation of sensitive sulfates during cleavage of the products. Structures were obtained in good purity and with high degrees of sulfation demonstrating the wide applicability of this methodology to prepare tailor-made sulfated glycomacromolecules and similar sGAG mimetics. Structures were tested for their anticoagulant properties showing activity similar to their natural HS counterpart and significantly lower than HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Zhao T, Terracciano R, Becker J, Monaco A, Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Hierarchy of Complex Glycomacromolecules: From Controlled Topologies to Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:543-575. [PMID: 34982551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates bearing a distinct complexity use a special code (Glycocode) to communicate with carbohydrate-binding proteins at a high precision to manipulate biological activities in complex biological environments. The level of complexity in carbohydrate-containing macromolecules controls the amount and specificity of information that can be stored in biomacromolecules. Therefore, a better understanding of the glycocode is crucial to open new areas of biomedical applications by controlling or manipulating the interaction between immune cells and pathogens in terms of trafficking and signaling, which would become a powerful tool to prevent infectious diseases. Even though a certain level of progress has been achieved over the past decade, synthetic glycomacromolecules are still lagging far behind naturally existing glycans in terms of complexity and precision because of insufficient and inefficient synthetic techniques. Currently, specific targeting at a cellular level using synthetic glycomacromolecules is still challenging. It is obvious that multidisciplinary collaborations are essential between different specialized disciplines to enhance the carbohydrate receptor-targeting paradigm for new biomedical applications. In this Perspective, recent developments in the synthesis of sophisticated glycomacromolecules are highlighted, and their biological and biomedical applications are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieshuai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Terracciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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12
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Johnson H, Chambers LC, Holloway JO, Bousgas A, Akhtar-Khavari A, Blinco J, Barner-Kowollik C. Using precision polymer chemistry for plastics traceability and governance. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01180h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Resolving the anonymity of plastic materials is critical for safeguarding the well-being of our natural environments and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Johnson
- School of Law, Faculty of Business and Law, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Lewis C. Chambers
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Joshua O. Holloway
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Annastasia Bousgas
- School of Law, Faculty of Business and Law, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Afshin Akhtar-Khavari
- School of Law, Faculty of Business and Law, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - James Blinco
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Centre for a Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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13
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Jung K, Corrigan N, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Bioactive Synthetic Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105063. [PMID: 34611948 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are omnipresent in society as textiles and packaging materials, in construction and medicine, among many other important applications. Alternatively, natural polymers play a crucial role in sustaining life and allowing organisms to adapt to their environments by performing key biological functions such as molecular recognition and transmission of genetic information. In general, the synthetic and natural polymer worlds are completely separated due to the inability for synthetic polymers to perform specific biological functions; in some cases, synthetic polymers cause uncontrolled and unwanted biological responses. However, owing to the advancement of synthetic polymerization techniques in recent years, new synthetic polymers have emerged that provide specific biological functions such as targeted molecular recognition of peptides, or present antiviral, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. In this review, the emergence of this generation of bioactive synthetic polymers and their bioapplications are summarized. Finally, the future opportunities in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenward Jung
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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14
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Hartweg M, Jiang Y, Yilmaz G, Jarvis CM, Nguyen HVT, Primo GA, Monaco A, Beyer VP, Chen KK, Mohapatra S, Axelrod S, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Kiessling LL, Becer CR, Johnson JA. Synthetic Glycomacromolecules of Defined Valency, Absolute Configuration, and Topology Distinguish between Human Lectins. JACS AU 2021; 1:1621-1630. [PMID: 34723265 PMCID: PMC8549053 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) play vital roles in cell recognition and signaling, including pathogen binding and innate immunity. Thus, targeting lectins, especially those on the surface of immune cells, could advance immunology and drug discovery. Lectins are typically oligomeric; therefore, many of the most potent ligands are multivalent. An effective strategy for lectin targeting is to display multiple copies of a single glycan epitope on a polymer backbone; however, a drawback to such multivalent ligands is they cannot distinguish between lectins that share monosaccharide binding selectivity (e.g., mannose-binding lectins) as they often lack molecular precision. Here, we describe the development of an iterative exponential growth (IEG) synthetic strategy that enables facile access to synthetic glycomacromolecules with precisely defined and tunable sizes up to 22.5 kDa, compositions, topologies, and absolute configurations. Twelve discrete mannosylated "glyco-IEGmers" are synthesized and screened for binding to a panel of mannoside-binding immune lectins (DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNR, MBL, SP-D, langerin, dectin-2, mincle, and DEC-205). In many cases, the glyco-IEGmers had distinct length, stereochemistry, and topology-dependent lectin-binding preferences. To understand these differences, we used molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations of octameric glyco-IEGmers, which revealed dramatic effects of glyco-IEGmer stereochemistry and topology on solution structure and reveal an interplay between conformational diversity and chiral recognition in selective lectin binding. Ligand function also could be controlled by chemical substitution: by tuning the side chains of glyco-IEGmers that bind DC-SIGN, we could alter their cellular trafficking through alteration of their aggregation state. These results highlight the power of precision synthetic oligomer/polymer synthesis for selective biological targeting, motivating the development of next-generation glycomacromolecules tailored for specific immunological or other therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hartweg
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yivan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cassie M. Jarvis
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gastón A. Primo
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Valentin P. Beyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Kathleen K. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Somesh Mohapatra
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Simon Axelrod
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Laura L. Kiessling
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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15
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Pasch P, Killa M, Junghans HL, Schmidt M, Schmidt S, Voskuhl J, Hartmann L. Take your Positions and Shine: Effects of Positioning Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminophores within Sequence-Defined Macromolecules. Chemistry 2021; 27:10186-10192. [PMID: 33876476 PMCID: PMC8362002 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A luminophore with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is employed for the conjugation onto supramolecular ligands to allow for detection of ligand binding. Supramolecular ligands are based on the combination of sequence‐defined oligo(amidoamine) scaffolds and guanidiniocarbonyl‐pyrrole (GCP) as binding motif. We hypothesize that AIE properties are strongly affected by positioning of the luminophore within the ligand scaffold. Therefore, we systematically investigate the effects placing the AIE luminophore at different positions within the overall construct, for example, in the main or side chain of the olig(amidoamine). Indeed, we can show that the position within the ligand structure strongly affects AIE, both for the ligand itself as well as when applying the ligand for the detection of different biological and synthetic polyanions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pasch
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Matthias Killa
- Faculty of chemistry (Organic chemistry) and CENIDE, University of Duisburg Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Hauke Lukas Junghans
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Melanie Schmidt
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Faculty of chemistry (Organic chemistry) and CENIDE, University of Duisburg Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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16
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Hill SA, Steinfort R, Mücke S, Reifenberger J, Sengpiel T, Hartmann L. Exploring Cyclic Sulfamidate Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Sequence-Defined Macromolecules. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100193. [PMID: 33945179 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of sequence-defined macromolecules using cyclic sulfamidates on solid-phase is outlined. The challenges surrounding an AB+CD approach are described with focus on understanding the formation of ring-opened side products when using amide coupling reagents. To avoid undesired side product formation, a strategy of iterative ring-openings of cyclic sulfamidates on solid-phase is explored. Ring-opening on primary and secondary amines is successfully reported, generating both linear and branched chain growth. However, attempts to selectively cleave N-sulfate bearing sp3 -hybridized groups cannot be demonstrated, limiting the overall building block scope for this methodology. Consequently, the active ring-opening of cyclic sulfamidates on amine-functionalized oligo(amidoamine) backbones is successfully applied to produce sequence-defined, N-sulfated macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Andrew Hill
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Steinfort
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Mücke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Josefine Reifenberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Sengpiel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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17
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Seeberger PH. Discovery of Semi- and Fully-Synthetic Carbohydrate Vaccines Against Bacterial Infections Using a Medicinal Chemistry Approach. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3598-3626. [PMID: 33794090 PMCID: PMC8154330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glycocalyx, a thick layer of carbohydrates, surrounds the cell wall of most bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Recognition of these unique glycans by the human immune system results in destruction of the invaders. To elicit a protective immune response, polysaccharides either isolated from the bacterial cell surface or conjugated with a carrier protein, for T-cell help, are administered. Conjugate vaccines based on isolated carbohydrates currently protect millions of people against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Neisseria meningitides infections. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are increasingly discovered by medicinal chemistry and synthetic in origin, rather than isolated from natural sources. Converting vaccines from biologicals to pharmaceuticals requires a fundamental understanding of how the human immune system recognizes carbohydrates and could now be realized. To illustrate the chemistry-based approach to vaccine discovery, I summarize efforts focusing on synthetic glycan-based medicinal chemistry to understand the mammalian antiglycan immune response and define glycan epitopes for novel synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Clostridium difficile, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other bacteria. The chemical tools described here help us gain fundamental insights into how the human system recognizes carbohydrates and drive the discovery of carbohydrate vaccines.
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18
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Collis DWP, Yilmaz G, Yuan Y, Monaco A, Ochbaum G, Shi Y, O'Malley C, Uzunova V, Napier R, Bitton R, Becer CR, Azevedo HS. Hyaluronan (HA)-inspired glycopolymers as molecular tools for studying HA functions. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:568-576. [PMID: 34458800 PMCID: PMC8341579 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00223b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), the only non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan, serves numerous structural and biological functions in the human body, from providing viscoelasticity in tissues to creating hydrated environments for cell migration and proliferation. HA is also involved in the regulation of morphogenesis, inflammation and tumorigenesis through interactions with specific HA-binding proteins. Whilst the physicochemical and biological properties of HA have been widely studied for decades, the exact mechanisms by which HA exerts its multiple functions are not completely understood. Glycopolymers offer a simple and precise synthetic platform for the preparation of glycan analogues, being an alternative to the demanding synthetic chemical glycosylation. A library of homo, statistical and alternating HA glycopolymers were synthesised by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation and post-modification utilising copper alkyne-azide cycloaddition to graft orthogonal pendant HA monosaccharides (N-acetyl glucosamine: GlcNAc and glucuronic acid: GlcA) onto the polymer. Using surface plasmon resonance, the binding of the glycopolymers to known HA-binding peptides and proteins (CD44, hyaluronidase) was assessed and compared to carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins). These studies revealed potential structure-binding relationships between HA monosaccharides and HA receptors and novel HA binders, such as Dectin-1 and DEC-205 lectins. The inhibitory effect of HA glycopolymers on hyaluronidase (HAase) activity was also investigated suggesting GlcNAc- and GlcA-based glycopolymers as potential HAase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic W P Collis
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Yichen Yuan
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Guy Ochbaum
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Ilza Katz, Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Yejiao Shi
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Clare O'Malley
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | | | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Ilza Katz, Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - C Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick CV4 7AL UK
| | - Helena S Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
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19
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Pasch P, Höing A, Ueclue S, Killa M, Voskuhl J, Knauer SK, Hartmann L. PEGylated sequence-controlled macromolecules using supramolecular binding to target the Taspase1/Importin α interaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3091-3094. [PMID: 33625405 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07139k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy to inhibit the oncologically relevant protease Taspase1 is explored by developing PEGylated macromolecular ligands presenting the supramolecular binding motif guanidiniocarbonylpyrrole (GCP). Taspase1 requires interaction of its nuclear localization signal (NLS) with import receptor Importin α. We show the synthesis and effective interference of PEGylated multivalent macromolecular ligands with Taspase1-Importin α-complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pasch
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
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20
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Aksakal R, Mertens C, Soete M, Badi N, Du Prez F. Applications of Discrete Synthetic Macromolecules in Life and Materials Science: Recent and Future Trends. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004038. [PMID: 33747749 PMCID: PMC7967060 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the field of sequence-defined polymers and related ultraprecise, monodisperse synthetic macromolecules has grown exponentially. In the early stage, mainly articles or reviews dedicated to the development of synthetic routes toward their preparation have been published. Nowadays, those synthetic methodologies, combined with the elucidation of the structure-property relationships, allow envisioning many promising applications. Consequently, in the past 3 years, application-oriented papers based on discrete synthetic macromolecules emerged. Hence, material science applications such as macromolecular data storage and encryption, self-assembly of discrete structures and foldamers have been the object of many fascinating studies. Moreover, in the area of life sciences, such structures have also been the focus of numerous research studies. Here, it is aimed to highlight these recent applications and to give the reader a critical overview of the future trends in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Aksakal
- Polymer Chemistry Research GroupCentre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S4‐bisGhentB‐9000Belgium
| | - Chiel Mertens
- Polymer Chemistry Research GroupCentre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S4‐bisGhentB‐9000Belgium
| | - Matthieu Soete
- Polymer Chemistry Research GroupCentre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S4‐bisGhentB‐9000Belgium
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer Chemistry Research GroupCentre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S4‐bisGhentB‐9000Belgium
| | - Filip Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research GroupCentre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 S4‐bisGhentB‐9000Belgium
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21
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Yang C, Wu KB, Deng Y, Yuan J, Niu J. Geared Toward Applications: A Perspective on Functional Sequence-Controlled Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:243-257. [PMID: 34336395 PMCID: PMC8320758 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-controlled polymers are an emerging class of synthetic polymers with a regulated sequence of monomers. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in the synthesis of polymers with the sophisticated sequence control approaching the level manifested in biopolymers. In contrast, the exploration of novel functions that can be achieved by controlling synthetic polymer sequences represents an emerging focus in polymer science. This Viewpoint will survey recent advances in the functional applications of sequence-controlled polymers and provide a perspective on the challenges and outlook for pursuing future applications of this fascinating class of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangjie Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Kevin B. Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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22
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van der Meer SB, Seiler T, Buchmann C, Partalidou G, Boden S, Loza K, Heggen M, Linders J, Prymak O, Oliveira CLP, Hartmann L, Epple M. Controlling the Surface Functionalization of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles by Sequence-Defined Macromolecules. Chemistry 2021; 27:1451-1464. [PMID: 32959929 PMCID: PMC7898849 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (diameter about 2 nm) were surface-functionalized with cysteine-carrying precision macromolecules. These consisted of sequence-defined oligo(amidoamine)s (OAAs) with either two or six cysteine molecules for binding to the gold surface and either with or without a PEG chain (3400 Da). They were characterized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, 1 H NMR diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The number of precision macromolecules per nanoparticle was determined after fluorescent labeling by UV spectroscopy and also by quantitative 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Each nanoparticle carried between 40 and 100 OAA ligands, depending on the number of cysteine units per OAA. The footprint of each ligand was about 0.074 nm2 per cysteine molecule. OAAs are well suited to stabilize ultrasmall gold nanoparticles by selective surface conjugation and can be used to selectively cover their surface. The presence of the PEG chain considerably increased the hydrodynamic diameter of both dissolved macromolecules and macromolecule-conjugated gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Beatrice van der Meer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Theresa Seiler
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christin Buchmann
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Georgia Partalidou
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Sophia Boden
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kateryna Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Center for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with ElectronsForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
| | - Jürgen Linders
- Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
| | | | - Laura Hartmann
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstr. 5–745117EssenGermany
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23
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Banger A, Sindram J, Otten M, Kania J, Wilms D, Strzelczyk A, Miletic S, Marlovits TC, Karg M, Hartmann L. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic precision glycomacromolecules. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00422k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic precision glycomacromolecules (APG) are synthesized using solid-phase synthesis and studied for their self-assembly behavior and as inhibitors of bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Banger
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Sindram
- Insitute of Physical Chemistry I: Colloids and Nanooptics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Otten
- Insitute of Physical Chemistry I: Colloids and Nanooptics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica Kania
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dimitri Wilms
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Strzelczyk
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sean Miletic
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Institute of Structural and Systems Biology, Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Zentrum (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas C. Marlovits
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Institute of Structural and Systems Biology, Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Zentrum (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Insitute of Physical Chemistry I: Colloids and Nanooptics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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24
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Farabi K, Manabe Y, Ichikawa H, Miyake S, Tsutsui M, Kabayama K, Yamaji T, Tanaka K, Hung SC, Fukase K. Concise and Reliable Syntheses of Glycodendrimers via Self-Activating Click Chemistry: A Robust Strategy for Mimicking Multivalent Glycan-Pathogen Interactions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:16014-16023. [PMID: 33058668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Individual interactions between glycans and their receptors are usually weak, although these weak interactions can combine to realize a strong interaction (multivalency). Such multivalency plays a crucial role in the recognition of host cells by pathogens. Glycodendrimers are useful materials for the reconstruction of this multivalent interaction. However, the introduction of a large number of glycans to a dendrimer core is fraught with difficulties. We herein synthesized antipathogenic glycodendrimers using the self-activating click chemistry (SACC) method developed by our group. The excellent reactivity of SACC enabled the efficient preparation of sialyl glycan and Gb3 glycan dendrimers, which exhibited strong avidity toward hemagglutinin on influenza virus and Shiga toxin B subunit produced by Escherichia coli, respectively. We demonstrated the usefulness of SACC-based glycodendrimers as antipathogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kindi Farabi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shuto Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masato Tsutsui
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamaji
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shang-Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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25
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Jacobi F, Wilms D, Seiler T, Queckbörner T, Tabatabai M, Hartmann L, Schmidt S. Effect of PEGylation on Receptor Anchoring and Steric Shielding at Interfaces: An Adhesion and Surface Plasmon Resonance Study with Precision Polymers. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4850-4856. [PMID: 32986404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at quantifying the steric shielding effect of multivalent glycoconjugates targeting pathogens by blocking their carbohydrate binding sites. Specifically, PEGylated and non-PEGylated glycoconjugates are studied as inhibitors of lectins and bacterial adhesins evaluating the steric repulsion effect of the nonbinding PEG chains. We use the soft colloidal probe (SCP) adhesion assay to monitor the change in the adhesion energy of mannose (Man)-decorated hydrogel particles on a layer of concanavalin A (ConA) in the presence of sequence-defined multivalent glycoconjugate inhibitors over time. The results show that PEGylated glycoconjugates achieve a stronger adhesion inhibition when compared to non-PEGylated glycoconjugates although the dissociation constants (KD) of the PEGgylated compounds to ConA were larger. These results appear in line with Escherichia coli adhesion inhibition assays showing a small increase of bacteria detachment by PEGgylated glycoconjugates compared to non-PEGylated compounds. This suggests that an increase of sterical shielding via PEGylation may help reduce the invasiveness of pathogens even after they have adhered. Adhesion studies based on electrostatic interactions using amine-linked PEG of varying molecular weight confirm that such sterical shielding effect is not limited to carbohydrate-mediated adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Jacobi
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Dimitri Wilms
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Theresa Seiler
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Torben Queckbörner
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Monir Tabatabai
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
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26
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Freichel T, Heine V, Laaf D, Mackintosh EE, Sarafova S, Elling L, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Sequence-Defined Heteromultivalent Precision Glycomacromolecules Bearing Sulfonated/Sulfated Nonglycosidic Moieties Preferentially Bind Galectin-3 and Delay Wound Healing of a Galectin-3 Positive Tumor Cell Line in an In Vitro Wound Scratch Assay. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000163. [PMID: 32715650 PMCID: PMC9831253 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Within this work, a new class of sequence-defined heteromultivalent glycomacromolecules bearing lactose residues and nonglycosidic motifs for probing glycoconjugate recognition in carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of galectin-3 is presented. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, are known to play crucial roles in different signaling pathways involved in tumor biology. Thus, research has focused on the design and synthesis of galectin-targeting ligands for use as diagnostic markers or potential therapeutics. Heteromultivalent precision glycomacromolecules have the potential to serve as ligands for galectins. In this work, multivalency and the introduction of nonglycosidic motifs bearing either neutral, amine, or sulfonated/sulfated groups are used to better understand binding in the galectin-3 CRD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and surface plasmon resonance studies are performed, revealing a positive impact of the sulfonated/sulfated nonglycosidic motifs on galectin-3 binding but not on galectin-1 binding. Selected compounds are then tested with galectin-3 positive MCF 7 breast cancer cells using an in vitro would scratch assay. Preliminary results demonstrate a differential biological effect on MCF 7 cells with high galectin-3 expression in comparison to an HEK 293 control with low galectin-3 expression, indicating the potential for sulfonated/sulfated heteromultivalent glycomacromolecules to serve as preferential ligands for galectin-3 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Freichel
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Viktoria Heine
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | | | - Sophia Sarafova
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Box 7188, Davidson, NC 28035, USA
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Box 7120, Davidson, NC 28035, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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27
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Fischer L, Strzelczyk AK, Wedler N, Kropf C, Schmidt S, Hartmann L. Sequence-defined positioning of amine and amide residues to control catechol driven wet adhesion. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9919-9924. [PMID: 34094252 PMCID: PMC8162180 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03457f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechol and amine residues, both abundantly present in mussel adhesion proteins, are known to act cooperatively by displacing hydration barriers before binding to mineral surfaces. In spite of synthetic efforts toward mussel-inspired adhesives, the effect of positioning of the involved functional groups along a polymer chain is not well understood. By using sequence-defined oligomers grafted to soft hydrogel particles as adhesion probes, we study the effect of catechol-amine spacing, as well as positioning relative to the oligomer terminus. We demonstrate that the catechol-amine spacing has a significant effect on adhesion, while shifting their position has a small effect. Notably, combinations of non-charged amides and catechols can achieve similar cooperative effects on adhesion when compared to amine and catechol residues. Thus, these findings provide a blueprint for the design of next generation mussel-inspired adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Fischer
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Alexander K Strzelczyk
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Nils Wedler
- Laundry & Home Care, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Henkelstr. 67 40589 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Christian Kropf
- Laundry & Home Care, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Henkelstr. 67 40589 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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28
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Trachsel L, Romio M, Grob B, Zenobi-Wong M, Spencer ND, Ramakrishna SN, Benetti EM. Functional Nanoassemblies of Cyclic Polymers Show Amplified Responsiveness and Enhanced Protein-Binding Ability. ACS NANO 2020; 14:10054-10067. [PMID: 32628438 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of cyclic polymer adsorbates are significantly influenced by the steric and conformational constraints introduced during their cyclization. These translate into a marked difference in interfacial properties between cyclic polymers and their linear counterparts when they are grafted onto surfaces yielding nanoassemblies or polymer brushes. This difference is particularly clear in the case of cyclic polymer brushes that are designed to chemically interact with the surrounding environment, for instance, by associating with biological components present in the medium, or, alternatively, through a response to a chemical stimulus by a significant change in their properties. The intrinsic architecture characterizing cyclic poly(2-oxazoline)-based polyacid brushes leads to a broad variation in swelling and nanomechanical properties in response to pH change, in comparison with their linear analogues of identical composition and molecular weight. In addition, cyclic glycopolymer brushes derived from polyacids reveal an enhanced exposure of galactose units at the surface, due to their expanded topology, and thus display an increased lectin-binding ability with respect to their linear counterparts. This combination of amplified responsiveness and augmented protein-binding capacity renders cyclic brushes invaluable building blocks for the design of "smart" materials and functional biointerfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Grob
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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29
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Mende M, Tsouka A, Heidepriem J, Paris G, Mattes DS, Eickelmann S, Bordoni V, Wawrzinek R, Fuchsberger FF, Seeberger PH, Rademacher C, Delbianco M, Mallagaray A, Loeffler FF. On-Chip Neo-Glycopeptide Synthesis for Multivalent Glycan Presentation. Chemistry 2020; 26:9954-9963. [PMID: 32315099 PMCID: PMC7496964 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Single glycan-protein interactions are often weak, such that glycan binding partners commonly utilize multiple, spatially defined binding sites to enhance binding avidity and specificity. Current array technologies usually neglect defined multivalent display. Laser-based array synthesis technology allows for flexible and rapid on-surface synthesis of different peptides. By combining this technique with click chemistry, neo-glycopeptides were produced directly on a functionalized glass slide in the microarray format. Density and spatial distribution of carbohydrates can be tuned, resulting in well-defined glycan structures for multivalent display. The two lectins concanavalin A and langerin were probed with different glycans on multivalent scaffolds, revealing strong spacing-, density-, and ligand-dependent binding. In addition, we could also measure the surface dissociation constant. This approach allows for a rapid generation, screening, and optimization of a multitude of multivalent scaffolds for glycan binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mende
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Alexandra Tsouka
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Jasmin Heidepriem
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Grigori Paris
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Daniela S. Mattes
- Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Stephan Eickelmann
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Vittorio Bordoni
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Robert Wawrzinek
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Felix F. Fuchsberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimalle 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Alvaro Mallagaray
- Institut für Chemie und MetabolomicsUniversität zu LübeckRatzeburger Allee 16023562LübeckGermany
| | - Felix F. Loeffler
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Muehlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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30
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Mende M, Bordoni V, Tsouka A, Loeffler FF, Delbianco M, Seeberger PH. Multivalent glycan arrays. Faraday Discuss 2020; 219:9-32. [PMID: 31298252 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycan microarrays have become a powerful technology to study biological processes, such as cell-cell interaction, inflammation, and infections. Yet, several challenges, especially in multivalent display, remain. In this introductory lecture we discuss the state-of-the-art glycan microarray technology, with emphasis on novel approaches to access collections of pure glycans and their immobilization on surfaces. Future directions to mimic the natural glycan presentation on an array format, as well as in situ generation of combinatorial glycan collections, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mende
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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31
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Beyer VP, Monaco A, Napier R, Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Bottlebrush Glycopolymers from 2-Oxazolines and Acrylamides for Targeting Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3-Grabbing Nonintegrin and Mannose-Binding Lectin. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2298-2308. [PMID: 32320219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are omnipresent carbohydrate binding proteins that are involved in a multitude of biological processes. Unearthing their binding properties is a powerful tool toward the understanding and modification of their functions in biological applications. Herein, we present the synthesis of glycopolymers with a brush architecture via a "grafting from" methodology. The use of a versatile 2-oxazoline inimer was demonstrated to open avenues for a wide range of 2-oxazoline/acrylamide bottle brush polymers utilizing aqueous Cu-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (Cu-RDRP). The polymers in the obtained library were assessed for their thermal properties in aqueous solution and their binding toward the C-type animal lectins dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) via surface plasmon resonance spectrometry. The encapsulation properties of a hydrophobic drug-mimicking compound demonstrated the potential use of glyco brush copolymers in biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin P Beyer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Napier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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32
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Richards SJ, Baker AN, Walker M, Gibson MI. Polymer-Stabilized Sialylated Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Optimization, and Differential Binding to Influenza Hemagglutinins. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1604-1612. [PMID: 32191036 PMCID: PMC7173702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
During influenza infection, hemagglutinins (HAs) on the viral surface bind to sialic acids on the host cell's surface. While all HAs bind sialic acids, human influenza targets terminal α2,6 sialic acids and avian influenza targets α2,3 sialic acids. For interspecies transmission (zoonosis), HA must mutate to adapt to these differences. Here, multivalent gold nanoparticles bearing either α2,6- or α2,3-sialyllactosamine have been developed to interrogate a panel of HAs from pathogenic human, low pathogenic avian, and other species' influenza. This method exploits the benefits of multivalent glycan presentation compared to monovalent presentation to increase affinity and investigate how multivalency affects selectivity. Using a library-orientated approach, parameters including polymer coating and core diameter were optimized for maximal binding and specificity were probed using galactosylated particles and a panel of biophysical techniques [ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and biolayer interferometry]. The optimized particles were then functionalized with sialyllactosamine and their binding analyzed against a panel of HAs derived from pathogenic influenza strains including low pathogenic avian strains. This showed significant specificity crossover, which is not observed in monovalent formats, with binding of avian HAs to human sialic acids and vice versa in agreement with alternate assay formats. These results demonstrate that precise multivalent presentation is essential to dissect the interactions of HAs and may aid the discovery of tools for disease and zoonosis transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Walker
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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33
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Saha S, Klein-Hitpaß M, Vallet C, Knauer SK, Schmuck C, Voskuhl J, Giese M. Smart Glycopolymeric Nanoparticles for Multivalent Lectin Binding and Stimuli-Controlled Guest Release. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2356-2364. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Saha
- Organic Chemistry and Cenide, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Klein-Hitpaß
- Organic Chemistry and Cenide, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Cecilia Vallet
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Shirley K. Knauer
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmuck
- Organic Chemistry and Cenide, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Organic Chemistry and Cenide, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry and Cenide, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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34
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Soria-Martinez L, Bauer S, Giesler M, Schelhaas S, Materlik J, Janus K, Pierzyna P, Becker M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L, Schelhaas M. Prophylactic Antiviral Activity of Sulfated Glycomimetic Oligomers and Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5252-5265. [PMID: 32105452 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the potential of highly sulfated synthetic glycomimetics to act as inhibitors of viral binding/infection. Our results indicate that both long-chain glycopolymers and short-chain glycooligomers are capable of preventing viral infection. Notably, glycopolymers efficiently inhibit Human Papillomavirus (HPV16) infection in vitro and maintain their antiviral activity in vivo, while the glycooligomers exert their inhibitory function post attachment of viruses to cells. Moreover, when we tested the potential for broader activity against several other human pathogenic viruses, we observed broad-spectrum antiviral activity of these compounds beyond our initial assumptions. While the compounds tested displayed a range of antiviral efficacies, viruses with rather diverse glycan specificities such as Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Influenza A Virus (IAV), and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) could be targeted. This opens new opportunities to develop broadly active glycomimetic inhibitors of viral entry and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soria-Martinez
- Institute of Cellular Virology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.,Research Group "ViroCarb: glycans controlling non-enveloped virus infections" (FOR2327), Coordinating University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Markus Giesler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre CiMIC, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jennifer Materlik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Kevin Janus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Patrick Pierzyna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Miriam Becker
- Institute of Cellular Virology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.,Research Group "ViroCarb: glycans controlling non-enveloped virus infections" (FOR2327), Coordinating University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Research Group "ViroCarb: glycans controlling non-enveloped virus infections" (FOR2327), Coordinating University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Research Group "ViroCarb: glycans controlling non-enveloped virus infections" (FOR2327), Coordinating University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Mario Schelhaas
- Institute of Cellular Virology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.,Research Group "ViroCarb: glycans controlling non-enveloped virus infections" (FOR2327), Coordinating University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre CiMIC, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
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35
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Fischer L, Steffens RC, Paul TJ, Hartmann L. Catechol-functionalized sequence-defined glycomacromolecules as covalent inhibitors of bacterial adhesion. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00975j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis of catechol functionalized sequence-defined glycomacromolecules that can covalently block the binding site of lectins and bacterial adhesins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Fischer
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Ricarda C. Steffens
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Tanja J. Paul
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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36
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Mertens C, Soete M, Ślęczkowski ML, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW, Badi N, Du Prez FE. Stereocontrolled, multi-functional sequence-defined oligomers through automated synthesis. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, stereocontrolled sequence-defined oligomers were prepared using an automated thiolactone-based platform that allows post-synthesis functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiel Mertens
- Polymer Chemistry Research group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of sciences
- Ghent University
| | - Matthieu Soete
- Polymer Chemistry Research group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of sciences
- Ghent University
| | - Marcin L. Ślęczkowski
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer Chemistry Research group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of sciences
- Ghent University
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of sciences
- Ghent University
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37
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Shamout F, Fischer L, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Recovery, Purification, and Reusability of Building Blocks for Solid Phase Synthesis. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900473. [PMID: 31794100 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid phase synthesis (SPS) is well established for the synthesis of biomacromolecules such as peptides, oligonucelotides, and oligosaccharides, and today is also used for the synthesis of synthetic macromolecules and polymers. The key feature of this approach is the stepwise assembly of building blocks on solid support, enabling monodispersity and monomer sequence control. However, in order to achieve such control, a high excess of building blocks is required during the reaction. Herein, the recovery, purification, and reusability of building blocks used in SPS, including representative examples of tailor-made building blocks, Fmoc-protected amino acids, and functionalized carbohydrate ligands, are reported for the first time. Results demonstrate the general applicability with recovery in high yields and high purity. Furthermore, the described recovery process can be applied in both manual and automated synthesis using a standard peptide synthesizer. Overall, this process is envisioned to be applicable for a large variety of building blocks used in the SPS of different types of molecules, and to contribute to more resourceful SPS syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Shamout
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Fischer
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Davidson College, Department of Chemistry, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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38
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Shamout F, Monaco A, Yilmaz G, Becer CR, Hartmann L. Synthesis of Brush‐Like Glycopolymers with Monodisperse, Sequence‐Defined Side Chains and Their Interactions with Plant and Animal Lectins. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900459. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Shamout
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DuesseldorfUniversitätsstraße 1 Düsseldorf 40225 Germany
| | | | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Nottingham Nottingham NG2 2RD UK
| | | | - Laura Hartmann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DuesseldorfUniversitätsstraße 1 Düsseldorf 40225 Germany
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39
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Neuhaus K, Wamhoff EC, Freichel T, Grafmüller A, Rademacher C, Hartmann L. Asymmetrically Branched Precision Glycooligomers Targeting Langerin. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4088-4095. [PMID: 31600054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetrically branched precision glycooligomers are synthesized by solid-phase polymer synthesis for studying multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions. Through the stepwise assembly of Fmoc-protected oligo(amidoamine) building blocks and Fmoc/Dde-protected lysine, straightforward variation of structural parameters such as the number and length of arms, as well as the number and position of carbohydrate ligands, is achieved. Binding of 1-arm and 3-arm glycooligomers toward lectin receptors langerin and concanavalin A (ConA) was evaluated where the smallest 3-arm glycooligomer shows the highest binding toward langerin, and stepwise elongation of one, two, or all three arms leads to decreased binding. When directly comparing binding toward langerin and ConA, we find that structural variation of the scaffold affects glycomimetic ligand binding differently for the different targets, indicating the potential to tune such ligands not only for their avidity but also for their selectivity toward different lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Neuhaus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Eike-Christian Wamhoff
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14424 Potsdam , Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Straße 28-30 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Tanja Freichel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems , Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14424 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14424 Potsdam , Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Straße 28-30 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstr. 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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40
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Bennion MC, Burch MA, Dennis DG, Lech ME, Neuhaus K, Fendler NL, Parris MR, Cuadra JE, Dixon CF, Mukosera GT, Blauch DN, Hartmann L, Snyder NL, Ruppel JV. Synthesis of Porphyrin and Bacteriochlorin Glycoconjugates through CuAAC Reaction Tuning. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:6496-6503. [PMID: 33041648 PMCID: PMC7546392 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and reproducible access to a series of unique porphyrin and bacteriochlorin glycoconjugates, including meso-glycosylated porphyrins and bacteriochlorins, and beta-glycosylated porphyrins, via copper catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) is reported for the first time. The work presented highlights the system-dependent reaction conditions required for glycosylation to porphyrins and bacteriochlorins based on the unique electronic properties of each ring system. Attenuated reaction conditions were used to synthesize fifteen new glycosylated porphyrin and bacteriochlorin analogs in 74 - 99% yield, and were extended to solid support to produce the first oligo(amidoamine)-based porphyrin glycoconjugate. These compounds hold significant potential as next generation water soluble catalysts and photodynamic therapy/photodynamic inactivation (PDT/PDI) agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Bennion
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - Morgan A Burch
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
| | - David G Dennis
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - Melissa E Lech
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - Kira Neuhaus
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikole L Fendler
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
| | - Matthew R Parris
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - Jessica E Cuadra
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - Charlie F Dixon
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
| | - George T Mukosera
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
| | - David N Blauch
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry Davidson College 102 North Main Street, Davidson, NC 28035 USA
| | - Joshua V Ruppel
- Division of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of South Carolina Upstate 800 University Way, Spartanburg SC. 29303 USA
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41
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Schmidt S, Paul TJ, Strzelczyk AK. Interactive Polymer Gels as Biomimetic Sensors for Carbohydrate Interactions and Capture–Release Devices for Pathogens. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Tanja Janine Paul
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Alexander Klaus Strzelczyk
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
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42
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Nagao M, Matsubara T, Hoshino Y, Sato T, Miura Y. Synthesis of Various Glycopolymers Bearing Sialyllactose and the Effect of Their Molecular Mobility on Interaction with the Influenza Virus. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2763-2769. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi,
Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi,
Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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43
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Austin MJ, Rosales AM. Tunable biomaterials from synthetic, sequence-controlled polymers. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:490-505. [PMID: 30628589 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01215f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials have many applications including therapeutic delivery vehicles, medical implants and devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Both naturally-derived and synthetic materials have successfully been used for these applications in the clinic. However, the increasing complexity of these applications requires materials with advanced properties, especially customizable or tunable materials with bioactivity. To address this issue, there have been recent efforts to better recapitulate the properties of natural materials using synthetic biomaterials composed of sequence-controlled polymers. Sequence control mimics the primary structure found in biopolymers, and in many cases, provides an extra handle for functionality in synthetic polymers. Here, we first review the advances in synthetic methods that have enabled sequence-controlled biomaterials on a relevant scale, and discuss strategies for choosing functional sequences from a biomaterials engineering context. Then, we highlight several recent studies that show strong impact of sequence control on biomaterial properties, including in vitro and in vivo behavior, in the areas of hydrogels, therapeutic materials, and novel applications such as molecular barcodes for medical devices. The role of sequence control in biomaterials properties is an emerging research area, and there remain many opportunities for investigation. Further study of this topic may significantly advance our understanding of bioactive or smart materials, as well as contribute design rules to guide the development of synthetic biomaterials for future applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah J Austin
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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44
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Camaleño de la Calle A, Gerke C, Chang XJ, Grafmüller A, Hartmann L, Schmidt S. Multivalent Interactions of Polyamide Based Sequence‐Controlled Glycomacromolecules with Concanavalin A. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900033. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Camaleño de la Calle
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Christoph Gerke
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Xi Jeffrey Chang
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Department of Theory and Bio‐SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14478 Potsdam Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
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45
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Baier M, Rustmeier NH, Harr J, Cyrus N, Reiss GJ, Grafmüller A, Blaum BS, Stehle T, Hartmann L. Divalent Sialylated Precision Glycooligomers Binding to Polyomaviruses and the Effect of Different Linkers. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800426. [PMID: 30884172 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Divalent precision glycooligomers terminating in N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) with varying linkers between scaffold and the glycan portions are synthesized via solid phase synthesis for co-crystallization studies with the sialic acid-binding major capsid protein VP1 of human Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated Polyomavirus. High-resolution crystal structures of complexes demonstrate that the compounds bind to VP1 depending on the favorable combination of carbohydrate ligand and linker. It is found that artificial linkers can replace portions of natural carbohydrate linkers as long as they meet certain requirements such as size or flexibility to optimize contact area between ligand and receptor binding sites. The obtained results will influence the design of future high affinity ligands based on the structures presented here, and they can serve as a blueprint to develop multivalent glycooligomers as inhibitors of viral adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Baier
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nils H Rustmeier
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Harr
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Cyrus
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Guido J Reiss
- Institute of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bärbel S Blaum
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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46
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Worstell NC, Singla A, Wu HJ. Evaluation of hetero-multivalent lectin binding using a turbidity-based emulsion agglutination assay. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 175:84-90. [PMID: 30522011 PMCID: PMC10079213 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lectin hetero-multivalency, binding to two or more different types of ligands, has been demonstrated to play a role in case of both LecA (a Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesin) and Cholera Toxin subunit B (a Vibrio cholerae toxin). In order to screen the ligand candidates that involve in hetero-multivalent binding from large molecular libraries, we present a turbidity-based emulsion agglutination (TEA) assay that can be conducted in a high-throughput format using the standard laboratory instruments and reagents. The benefit of this assay is that it relies on the use of emulsions that can be formed using ultrasonication, minimizing the bottleneck of substrate surface functionalization. By measuring the change in turbidity, we could quantify the lectin-induced aggregation rate of oil droplets to determine the relative binding strength between different ligand combinations. The TEA results are consistent with our prior binding results using a nanocube sensor. The developed TEA assay can serve as a high-throughput and customizable tool to screen the potential ligands involved in hetero-multivalent binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan C Worstell
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Akshi Singla
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hung-Jen Wu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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47
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Schädel N, Gebhardt J, Löffler M, Garnier D, Hansen N, Laschat S. Rotational barriers of carbamate-protected amine crosslinkers for hydrogels: A combined experimental and computational study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schädel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Julia Gebhardt
- Institut für Technische Thermodynamik und Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Max Löffler
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Delphine Garnier
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
- Plateforme d'Analyse Chimique de Strasbourg-Illkirch (PACSI - GDS 3670) and Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives (UMR7199), Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Strasbourg/CNRS; 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
| | - Niels Hansen
- Institut für Technische Thermodynamik und Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
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48
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Bücher KS, Konietzny PB, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Heteromultivalent Glycooligomers as Mimetics of Blood Group Antigens. Chemistry 2019; 25:3301-3309. [PMID: 30431195 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Precision glycomacromolecules have proven to be important tools for the investigation of multivalent carbohydrate-lectin interactions by presenting multiple glycan epitopes on a highly-defined synthetic scaffold. Herein, we present a new strategy for the versatile assembly of heteromultivalent glycomacromolecules that contain different carbohydrate motifs in proximity within the side chains. A new building block suitable for the solid-phase polymer synthesis of precision glycomacromolecules was developed with a branching point in the side chain that bears a free alkyne and a TIPS-protected alkyne moiety, which enables the subsequent attachment of different carbohydrate motifs by on-resin copper-mediated azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Applying this synthetic strategy, heteromultivalent glycooligomers presenting fragments of histo-blood group antigens and human milk oligosaccharides were synthesized and tested for their binding behavior towards bacterial lectin LecB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S Bücher
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick B Konietzny
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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49
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Boden S, Reise F, Kania J, Lindhorst TK, Hartmann L. Sequence-Defined Introduction of Hydrophobic Motifs and Effects in Lectin Binding of Precision Glycomacromolecules. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800425. [PMID: 30707496 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of an increasingly hydrophobic backbone of multivalent glycomimetics based on sequence-defined oligo(amidoamines) on their resulting affinity toward bacterial lectins. Glycomacromolecules are obtained by stepwise assembly of tailor-made building blocks on solid support, using both hydrophobic aliphatic and aromatic building blocks to enable a gradual change in hydrophobicity of the backbone. Their binding behavior toward model lectin Concanavalin A (ConA) is evaluated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showing higher affinities for glycomacromolecules with higher content of hydrophobic and aromatic moieties in the backbone. Finally, glycomacromolecules are tested in a bacterial adhesion inhibition study against Escherichia coli where more hydrophobic backbones yield higher inhibitory potentials most likely due to additional secondary interactions with hydrophobic regions of the protein receptor as well as a change in conformation exposing carbohydrate ligands for increased binding. Overall, the results highlight the influence and thereby importance of the polymer backbone itself on the resulting properties of polymeric biomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Boden
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Reise
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jessica Kania
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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50
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Freichel T, Laaf D, Hoffmann M, Konietzny PB, Heine V, Wawrzinek R, Rademacher C, Snyder NL, Elling L, Hartmann L. Effects of linker and liposome anchoring on lactose-functionalized glycomacromolecules as multivalent ligands for binding galectin-3. RSC Adv 2019; 9:23484-23497. [PMID: 35530592 PMCID: PMC9069326 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We combine multivalent presentation of glycan ligands on sequence-defined oligo(amidoamines) and liposomes to achieve high avidity ligands targeting galectin-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Freichel
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials
- Institute for Biotechnology
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
| | - Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Patrick B. Konietzny
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Viktoria Heine
- Laboratory for Biomaterials
- Institute for Biotechnology
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
| | - Robert Wawrzinek
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- 14424 Potsdam
- Germany
| | | | | | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials
- Institute for Biotechnology
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf
- 40225 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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