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Reffas H, Youcef MH, Benabdallah T. Investigation of europium(III) uptake from highly sulphate solution via cloud point extraction by mono-Schiff base combined with Triton X-100. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38972167 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2369275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Owing to its unique physico-chemical properties, europium is one of the most precious and sought-after rare earth elements in the field of high technology. The major economic and commercial importance of such an element, combined with the pollution risks associated with its intensive use, require the development of efficient and eco-compatible recovery and recycling processes. This study focuses on the recovery of europium from highly saline sulphate media (0.5 mol/L) using an environmentally friendly two-phase aqueous extraction technique (known as cloud point extraction (CPE)), using 2((phenylimino)methyl)phenol mono-Schiff base (HPIMP) as the extractant and Triton X-100 as the non-ionic surfactant. The influence of key experimental parameters such as pH, extractant concentration, surfactant concentration and separation temperature on the europium extraction process was systematically studied and optimized. Under optimum experimental conditions, a quasi-quantitative extraction with a minimal volume fraction of surfactant-rich phase (φs = 0.025), and concentration factor of (CF = 38) was achieved at pH 9.8, in one stage. The analysis of the extraction data revealed that the CPE of europium(III) takes place by a cation exchange-solvation mechanism. The stoichiometry of the complex extracted into the surfactant-rich phase was ascertained to have a composition of 1:2 [Eu:HPIMP] with the slope analysis method. A higher extraction constant was obtained for CPE compared with conventional solvent extraction, confirming the feasibility and usefulness of CPE for Eu(III) recovery. On the other hand, this new HPIMP/Triton X-100 chelating system showed superior extractability for Eu(III) in the CPE process relative to other systems reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnia Reffas
- Laboratoire de Chimie et d'Electrochimie des Complexes Métalliques (LCECM), Département de Génie Chimique, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTOMB), EL-M'naouer, Oran, Algérie
| | - Mohammed Hadj Youcef
- Laboratoire de Chimie et d'Electrochimie des Complexes Métalliques (LCECM), Département de Génie Chimique, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTOMB), EL-M'naouer, Oran, Algérie
| | - Tayeb Benabdallah
- Laboratoire de Chimie et d'Electrochimie des Complexes Métalliques (LCECM), Département de Génie Chimique, Faculté de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTOMB), EL-M'naouer, Oran, Algérie
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2
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Wen Y, Liu P, Wang Q, Zhao S, Tang Y. Organic Ligand-Mediated Dissolution and Fractionation of Rare-Earth Elements (REEs) from Carbonate and Phosphate Minerals. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:1048-1061. [PMID: 38774356 PMCID: PMC11103772 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Global efforts to build a net-zero economy and the irreplaceable roles of rare-earth elements (REEs) in low-carbon technologies urge the understanding of REE occurrence in natural deposits, discovery of alternative REE resources, and development of green extraction technologies. Advancement in these directions requires comprehensive knowledge on geochemical behaviors of REEs in the presence of naturally prevalent organic ligands, yet much remains unknown about organic ligand-mediated REE mobilization/fractionation and related mechanisms. Herein, we investigated REE mobilization from representative host minerals induced by three representative organic ligands: oxalate, citrate, and the siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFOB). Reaction pH conditions were selected to isolate the ligand-complexation effect versus proton dissolution. The presence of these organic ligands displayed varied impacts, with REE dissolution remarkably enhanced by citrate, mildly promoted by DFOB, and showing divergent effects in the presence of oxalate, depending on the mineral type and reaction pH. Thermodynamic modeling indicates the dominant presence of REE-ligand complexes under studied conditions and suggests ligand-promoted REE dissolution to be the dominant mechanism, consistent with experimental data. In addition, REE dissolution mediated by these ligands exhibited a distinct fractionation toward heavy REE (HREE) enrichment in the solution phase, which can be mainly attributed to the formation of thermodynamically predicted more stable HREE-ligand complexes. The combined thermodynamic modeling and experimental approach provides a framework for the systematic investigation of REE mobilization, distribution, and fractionation in the presence of organic ligands in natural systems and for the design of green extraction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qian Wang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric
Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Simin Zhao
- School of Earth and Atmospheric
Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yuanzhi Tang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric
Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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3
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Li S, Wang XX, Li M, Wang C, Wang F, Zong H, Wang B, Lv Z, Song N, Liu J. Extension of a biotic ligand model for predicting the toxicity of neodymium to wheat: The effects of pH, Ca 2+ and Mg 2. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:116013. [PMID: 38281433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The damage excessive neodymium (Nd) causes to animals and plants should not be underestimated. However, there is little research on the impact of pH and associated ions on the toxicity of Nd. Here, a biotic ligand model (BLM) was expanded to predict the effects of pH and chief anions on the toxic impact of Nd on wheat root elongation in a simulated soil solution. The results suggested that Nd3+ and NdOH2+ were the major ions causing phytotoxicity to wheat roots at pH values of 4.5-7.0. The Nd toxicity decreased as the activities of H+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ increased but not when the activities of K+ and Na+ increased. The results indicated that H+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ competed with Nd for binding sites. An extended BLM was developed to consider the effects of pH, H+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, and the following stability constants were obtained: logKNdBL = 2.51, logKNdOHBL = 3.90, logKHBL = 4.01, logKCaBL = 2.43, and logKMgBL = 2.70. The results demonstrated that the BLM could predict the Nd toxicity well while considering the competition of H+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and the toxic species Nd3+ and NdOH2+ for binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojing Li
- College of Science and Information, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Xue Xia Wang
- Institute of plant nutrition and resources, Beijing Agricultural Forestry Academy Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Mengjia Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Office of Laboratory Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Fangli Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Haiying Zong
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, PR China
| | - Zefei Lv
- College of Landscape Architecture and forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Ningning Song
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
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4
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Moreno-González R, Cánovas CR, Millán-Becerro R, León R, Olías M. High-resolution temporal monitoring of rare earth elements in acidic drainages from an abandoned sulphide mine (iberian pyrite belt, Spain). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140297. [PMID: 37783356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) are strategic elements due to their economic importance. However, the studies dedicated to the distribution and behaviour of REE in aquatic systems have been scarce until a few decades ago. This work studies the seasonal variations of REE concentrations in acid mine drainage (AMD) affected water courses and the factors controlling their mobility under different hydrological conditions. To address this issue, a high-resolution sampling was performed for two years in selected sampling sites. REE concentrations were very high (median values of 2.7-3.4 mg/L, maximum of 7.0 mg/L). These values are several orders of magnitude higher than those found in natural waters, highlighting the importance of AMD processes on the release of REE to the hydrosphere. No good correlations were found between pH and REE concentration, while REE correlated positively (r Spearman coefficient of 0.78-0.94) with EC and negatively (r -0.88 to -0.90) with discharge in AMD-affected streams. A conservative behaviour of REE was observed due to the strongly acidic conditions observed in the study area. The waters also showed an enrichment in MREEs over LREEs and HREEs (mean values of GdN/LaN>1.8 and YbN/GdN < 0.7), typical of AMD waters. An asymmetry in the content of LREE and HREE was observed in AMD samples studied, which could be explained by the preferential dissolution of LREE or HREE-enriched minerals within each waste heaps. Multivariate analysis suggests the influence of Mn-rich minerals existent in the study area as a potential source of LREE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Moreno-González
- Department of Earth Sciences, Drone Service, Institute for Marine Research (INMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Rio San Pedro, S/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Carlos Ruiz Cánovas
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Campus "El Carmen", E-21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Ricardo Millán-Becerro
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Campus "El Carmen", E-21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Rafael León
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Campus "El Carmen", E-21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Manuel Olías
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Campus "El Carmen", E-21071, Huelva, Spain
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5
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Chen C, Li N, Qi J, Wei J, Chen WQ. Material Flow Analysis of Dysprosium in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17256-17265. [PMID: 37921462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Dysprosium (Dy) is increasingly being adopted in various clean energy products around the world, intriguing many nations' interests in its availability. However, since data are inaccessible, crucial information about Dy supplies and demands across products and countries remains incomplete. To fill these knowledge gaps, we performed a dynamic bottom-up material flow analysis of Dy, taking the United States (1987-2018) as a case. The results show that the United States (US) domestic demands experienced a growing trend (by 45-fold) with fluctuation and several shifts among applications, primarily owing to technological advancement. A large imbalance (80 times) exists between domestic mineral supplies and market demands, resulting in significant import dependency, with the net import reliance of alloys, chemicals, finished products, and concentrates being 97, 44, 40, and 31%, respectively. Dy is mainly imported as finished products (55.7%) and alloys (43.2%), with concentrates (0.4%) and chemicals (0.7%) accounting for less than 2%. This import dependency may result from fragmentation of the US supply chains because of the stricter environmental regulations on upstream industries and reshoring of the downstream industries. These findings suggest that rare-earth mineral production in the US is about to restart, and it is important for industries to seek international collaboration to boost product competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuke Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianchuan Qi
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianlimin Wei
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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6
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Meng X, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Shen L, Gu G, Qiu G. Heap leaching of ion adsorption rare earth ores and REEs recovery from leachate with lixiviant regeneration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165417. [PMID: 37429479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, semi-industrial scale heap leaching of 200 t ion adsorption rare earth ores (IRE-ore) and rare earth elements (REEs) recovery from lixivium was first conducted. Biosynthetic citrate/(Na)3Cit, a typical microbial metabolite, was chosen as the lixiviant to conduct heap leaching. Subsequently, an organic precipitation method was proposed, which used oxalic acid to effectively recover REEs and reduce the production cost by lixiviant regeneration. The results showed that the heap leaching efficiency of REEs reached 98 % with a lixiviant concentration of 50 mmol/L and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2. The lixiviant can be regenerated during the precipitation process, with REE yields and impurity aluminum yields of 94.5 % and 7.4 %, respectively. The residual solution can then be cyclically used as a new lixiviant after simple adjustment. High-quality rare earth concentrates with a rare earth oxide (REO) content of 96 % can be finally obtained after roasting. This work provides an eco-friendly alternative for IRE-ore extraction to solve the environmental issues caused by traditional technology. The results proved feasibility and provided a foundation for in situ (bio)leaching processes in further industrial tests and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guohua Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Baj J, Flieger W, Barbachowska A, Kowalska B, Flieger M, Forma A, Teresiński G, Portincasa P, Buszewicz G, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Flieger J. Consequences of Disturbing Manganese Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14959. [PMID: 37834407 PMCID: PMC10573482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element with unique functions in the body; it acts as a cofactor for many enzymes involved in energy metabolism, the endogenous antioxidant enzyme systems, neurotransmitter production, and the regulation of reproductive hormones. However, overexposure to Mn is toxic, particularly to the central nervous system (CNS) due to it causing the progressive destruction of nerve cells. Exposure to manganese is widespread and occurs by inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact. Associations have been observed between Mn accumulation and neurodegenerative diseases such as manganism, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. People with genetic diseases associated with a mutation in the gene associated with impaired Mn excretion, kidney disease, iron deficiency, or a vegetarian diet are at particular risk of excessive exposure to Mn. This review has collected data on the current knowledge of the source of Mn exposure, the experimental data supporting the dispersive accumulation of Mn in the brain, the controversies surrounding the reference values of biomarkers related to Mn status in different matrices, and the competitiveness of Mn with other metals, such as iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), calcium (Ca). The disturbed homeostasis of Mn in the body has been connected with susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases, fertility, and infectious diseases. The current evidence on the involvement of Mn in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus/insulin resistance, osteoporosis, obesity, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, was collected and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Barbachowska
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 21-010 Łęczna, Poland;
| | - Beata Kowalska
- Department of Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Flieger
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica A. Murri, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Grzegorz Buszewicz
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.F.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | | | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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8
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Ma S, Han G, Yang Y, Li X. Agricultural activity on the Mun River basin: insight from spatial distribution and sources of dissolved rare earth elements in northeast Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106736-106749. [PMID: 37737948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REE) are emerging pollutants of concern, impacted by intensive fertilizer use and discharge of human and animal waste into agricultural watersheds. However, the natural values and potential anthropogenic enrichment of REE in aqueous systems of the agricultural basins remain poorly understood. This study investigated the spatial variation of dissolved REE in a predominantly agricultural river (Mun River) in northeast Thailand. Dissolved ΣREE concentrations in the Mun River ranged from 5.08 to 272.91 ng/L, with the highest concentrations observed in the middle reaches where agricultural fertilizers and wastewater increased dissolved REE concentrations. The PAAS-normalized patterns and dissolved Eu anomaly jointly reveal that the dissolved ΣREE mainly originated from local rocks and agricultural fertilizers. The dissolved REE in the Mun River is characteristic of a depleted light REE relative to heavy REE, slightly negative Ce anomaly, positive Eu anomaly, and positive Gd anomaly in a punctate distribution. The correlation analysis of (La/Yb)N with fluvial pH and HCO3- indicates that the water environment characteristics of the Mun River control dissolved REE fractionation. The Ce anomaly is associated with the oxidation environment, whereas the Eu anomaly is linked to the lithologic inheritance. Positive punctate Gd anomalies are influenced by human-caused wastewater discharge and applying fertilizers, raising Gd concentrations beyond natural background levels. This study has suggested that the geochemical characteristics of dissolved REE are affected by agricultural disturbances, and future environmental research on dissolved REE is essential to clarifying the impacts of REE on agriculture, the environment, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunrong Ma
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yiyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
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9
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Zhang M, Hu J, Tang Q, Zhang J, Jiang X, Hou X. Phosphonic Acid-Functionalized MIL-53(Al) As an Efficient Sorbent for Trace Rare Earth Elements Preconcentration, Storage and Their Determination by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14169-14174. [PMID: 37712649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a simple and novel method coupling solid phase extraction (SPE) with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is proposed for the simultaneous determination of 15 kinds of trace rare earth elements (REEs) in water samples. A phosphonic acid functionalized metal-organic framework named BPG-MIL-53(Al) was prepared via postsynthetic modification and served as an efficient adsorbent for these REEs. The prepared BPG-MIL-53(Al) could almost completely adsorb REEs in 5 min under neutral conditions. After filtration, REEs-adsorbed BPG-MIL-53(Al) was deposited on a filter membrane to form a thin film, which was directly analyzed by XRF. The XRF intensities of the REEs-retained MOF disc remained almost unchanged after six months. Taking advantage of this strategy, XRF was able to quantitate ng mL-1 levels of REEs in water samples, achieving impressive limits of detection in the range of 0.4-4.7 ng mL-1. The proposed method was applied to the on-site collection and analysis of REEs in real water samples with desirable accuracy and spike recoveries obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Qingsong Tang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical and Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Key Lab of Green Chem and Tech (MOE) at College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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10
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Dai T, Liu YF, Wang P, Qiu Y, Mancheri N, Chen W, Liu JX, Chen WQ, Wang H, Wang AJ. Unlocking Dysprosium Constraints for China's 1.5 °C Climate Target. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14113-14126. [PMID: 37709662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Some key low-carbon technologies, ranging from wind turbines to electric vehicles, are underpinned by the strong rare-earth-based permanent magnets of the Nd, Pr (Dy)-Fe-Nb type (NdFeB). These NdFeB magnets, which are sensitive to demagnetization with temperature elevation (the Curie point), require the addition of variable amounts of dysprosium (Dy), where an elevation of the Curie point is needed to meet operational conditions. Given that China is the world's largest REE supplier with abundant REE reserves, the impact of an ambitious 1.5 °C climate target on China's Dy supply chain has sparked widespread concern. Here, we explore future trends and innovation strategies associated with the linkage between Dy and NdFeBs under various climate scenarios in China. We find China alone is expected to exhaust the global present Dy reserve within the next 2-3 decades to facilitate the 1.5 °C climate target. By implementing global available innovation strategies, such as material substitution, reduction, and recycling, it is possible to avoid 48%-68% of China's cumulative demand for Dy. Nevertheless, ongoing efforts in REE exploration and production are still required to meet China's growing Dy demand, which will face competition from the United States, European Union, and other countries with ambitious climate targets. Thus, our analysis urges China and those nations to form wider cooperation in REE supply chains as well as in NdFeB innovation for the realization of a global climate-safe future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dai
- Institute of Mineral Resource, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
- Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yan-Fei Liu
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 3500, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Nabeel Mancheri
- Rare Earth Industry Association, Diestsevest 14, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wei Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jun-Xi Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University Tokyo (Hongo Campus), 113-8654, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo Japan
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heming Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
| | - An-Jian Wang
- Institute of Mineral Resource, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
- Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
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11
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Onoda H, Iinuma A. Selective preparation of samarium phosphates from transition metal mixed solution by two-step precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3459-3465. [PMID: 35388738 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2064233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Samarium-cobalt alloys are used as materials for powerful magnets with relatively high Curie temperatures. Samarium is a valuable and expensive material because it is one of a group of rare earth elements. In order to utilize this rare earth resource in a sustainable society, it is necessary to recover, reuse, and recycle rare earth elements. With this in mind, a new process for recovering neodymium phosphate from neodymium-iron mixed aqueous solutions has recently been reported, avoiding the difficulties reported with conventional methods. Given that rare earth phosphates are a major component of rare earth ores, this new process was proposed to recover them as phosphates. In this method, neodymium phosphate was selectively precipitated from a neodymium-iron mixture in a two-step process with an adjusted pH value. In this study, we attempted to selectively precipitate samarium phosphate from a mixed solution of transition metals using this two-step precipitation method. The advantage of this method is that the samarium compound can be separated from other metal salts without the use of high temperatures or special equipment. Optimal conditions were determined by evaluating the precipitates by molar ratio, color hue, UV-visible reflectance spectra, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy of the precipitates obtained. In Step 1, the pH was adjusted using sodium hydroxide to remove cobalt, iron, and copper hydroxides other than samarium. In Step 2, after adding phosphoric acid, the pH was adjusted so that a precipitate of samarium phosphate was formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Onoda
- Department of Informatics and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuya Iinuma
- Department of Informatics and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Zheng B, Zhang YW, Geng Y, Wei W, Tan X, Xiao S, Gao Z. Measuring the anthropogenic cycles of light rare earths in China: Implications for the imbalance problem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163215. [PMID: 37011686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Light rare earth elements (LREEs) are of strategic importance for low carbon transition and decarbonization. However, the imbalance between LREEs exists and a systematic understanding of their flows and stocks is lacking, which impedes the attainment of resources efficiency and exacerbates the environmental burdens. This study examines the anthropogenic cycles and the imbalance problem of three representative LREEs in China, the largest LREEs producer in the world, including cerium (the most abundant), neodymium and praseodymium (the fastest demand-growing). We find that 1) from 2011 to 2020, the total consumption of Nd and Pr increased by 228 % and 223 %, respectively, mainly attributed to the increasing demand of NdFeB, whereas that of Ce increased by 157 %; 2) the supply insufficiency of Nd and Pr under the current quota system accumulated to 138,086 tons and 35,549 tons, respectively, while the oversupply of Ce reached 63,523 tons; and 3) China has become a net importer of LREEs concentrates, and a net exporter of LREEs in the form of intermediate and final products, imposing further burdens to the domestic environment. It is clear that the imbalance of LREEs occurred during the study period, raising urgent needs to adjust the LREEs production quotas, seek other Ce applications, and eliminate illegal mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zheng
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Yinlian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuquan W Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Yinlian Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201306, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yong Geng
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wendong Wei
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xueping Tan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Economics and Management, China University of Mining & Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Shijiang Xiao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ziyan Gao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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13
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Szabó S, Zavanyi G, Koleszár G, Del Castillo D, Oláh V, Braun M. Phytoremediation, recovery and toxic effects of ionic gadolinium using the free-floating plant Lemna gibba. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131930. [PMID: 37390689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The biosorption and recovery of ionic gadolinium (Gd) from contaminated water by the free-floating duckweed Lemna gibba was studied. The highest non-toxic concentration range was determined as (6.7 mg L-1). The concentration of Gd in the medium and in the plant biomass was monitored and a mass balance was established. Tissue Gd concentration of Lemna increased with increasing Gd concentration of the medium. The bioconcentration factor was up to 1134 and in nontoxic concentrations up to 2.5 g kg-1 Gd tissue concentration was reached. Lemna ash contained 23.2 g Gd kg-1. Gd removal efficiency from the medium was 95%, however, only 17-37% of the initial Gd content of the medium accumulated in Lemna biomass, an average of 5% remained in the water, and 60-79% was calculated as a precipitate. Gadolinium-exposed Lemna plants released ionic Gd into the nutrient solution when they were transferred to a Gd-free medium. The experimental results revealed that in constructed wetlands, L. gibba is able to remove ionic Gd from the water and can be suitable for bioremediation and recovery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Szabó
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, P.O. Box 166, H-4401 Nyíregyháza, Hungary.
| | - Györgyi Zavanyi
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, P.O. Box 166, H-4401 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; Doctoral School of Biological Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Gergő Koleszár
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, P.O. Box 166, H-4401 Nyíregyháza, Hungary; Doctoral School of Biological Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Dahlia Del Castillo
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyíregyháza, P.O. Box 166, H-4401 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Viktor Oláh
- Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mihály Braun
- Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre (ICER), Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen, Hungary
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14
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Shahr El-Din AM, Rizk HE, Borai EH, El Afifi ESM. Selective separation and purification of cerium (III) from concentrate liquor associated with monazite processing by cationic exchange resin as adsorbent. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe present study is directed to find the optimal conditions required for efficient separation and purification of Ce3+ as an analog for lanthanides from Fe3+, Th4+, and Zr4+ (interfering ions) using Amberlite IR120H (AIR120H) resin as a strongly cationic exchange adsorbent. The main factors affecting the separation processes had been investigated and optimized. Ce3+ (Ln3+) as an admixture with Fe3+, Th4+, and Zr4+ was successfully separated by batch and column techniques. The sorption efficiency (S, %) from different acidic media was in this order: HCl > HNO3 > H2SO4. In a quaternary mixture with Fe3+ and Th4+, the maximum separation factor between Ce3+ and Zr4+ was ~ 13 after 90 min of equilibration, and the sorption capacity of AIR120H resin for Ce3+ was 8.2 mg/g. The rate of adsorption was found to follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Separation of the absorbed ions was achieved by desorption processes. Firstly, 98 ± 2% of loaded Ce3+ is fully desorbed by 1 M sodium acetate solution without interfering ions. Moreover, ~ 95% of Zr4+ is desorbed by 1 M citric acid solution. Finally, 85% of loaded Fe3+ and Th4+ ions are desorbed with 8 M HCl solution. The batch technique was applied to separate and purify Ln3+-concentrate in chloride liquor (LnCl3), coming from the caustic digestion of Egyptian high-grade monazite. However, the enhanced radioactivity in LnCl3 due to radium -isotopes (228Ra2+, 226Ra2+, 224Ra2+, 223Ra2+) and radio-lead (210Pb2+) is initially reduced by a factor of 92% (i.e., safe limit) by pH-adjustment. As result, it can be recommended that the sorption process by AIR120H resin is efficient and promising for exploring pure lanthanides from its minerals.
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15
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Zhong Q, Cao M, Gu Y, Fang Y, Zhong T, Xie J, Yan J, Huang J, Wang P. Hypertension risk is associated with elevated concentrations of rare earth elements in serum. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127084. [PMID: 36182726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting over 17.1 million individuals worldwide. Environmental exposure such as toxic trace elements could be risk factors for hypertension, but the associations of toxic metal exposure with hypertension are not well understood. METHODS We recruited 400 volunteers consisting of 200 patients with hypertension (cases) and 200 healthy individuals without hypertension (controls). In the case or control group, half of the subjects came from the rare earth mining (REM) areas and the other half from non-REM areas. Serum levels of 8 rare earth elements (REEs) and 13 non-REEs were determined. RESULTS The concentrations of Ce and La were significant higher in the cases than in the controls in all comparisons. Serum concentrations of Mg, Mn, Dy, Ce and La were positively correlated with blood pressure, while those of concentrations K and Se were negatively correlated with blood pressure (p < 0.05). Compared with the lowest quartiles, participants in the highest quartiles of Sm, Gd, Dy, Yb, La and Ce had a 6.01-fold (95 % CI: 2.28, 15.8), 3.29-fold (95 % CI: 1.18, 9.16), 4.07-fold (95 % CI: 1.51,10.9), 7.83-fold (95 % CI: 2.78, 22.4), 20.00-fold (95 % CI: 5.48-72.9) and 6.13-fold (95 % CI: 2.13-17.6) increase in the probability of having hypertension respectively. Among all the detected metals, the univariate odds ratios (UORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of hypertension for highest vs. lowest quartile serum concentrations of Sm, Gd, Dy, Yb, La and Ce were significantly > 1 (p < 0.05), with the positive dose-response relationships observed between their serum levels and ORs associated with hypertension risk. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, there appears to be a positive correlation between hypertension and environmental exposure to REEs, especially La and Ce. Further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Mengda Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yi Gu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiwei Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jiahe Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jinling Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Junyun Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences and Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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16
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Gerardo S, Davletshin AR, Loewy SL, Song W. From Ashes to Riches: Microscale Phenomena Controlling Rare Earths Recovery from Coal Fly Ash. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16200-16208. [PMID: 36240063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coal fly ash is an alternative source of rare earth elements (REEs), which are critical in modern energy and electronic technologies. Current hydrometallurgical processes, however, yield variable recovery rates because of the limited understanding of the microscale phenomena controlling the extraction of REEs from fly ash. This work investigates the microscale processes that dictate the recovery of REEs from ash particulates via a spatiochemical analysis. We find that REE-bearing minerals are hosted in three modes with distinct recovery mechanisms: (i) REEs encapsulated in dense particles are recovered via the cation exchange between matrix metals (Al, Ca, Mg, etc.) and solution cations, (ii) REEs within permeable particles are recovered via intraparticle pore-scale fluid flow, and (iii) discrete and surface-bound REE-bearing minerals are recovered via direct exposure to reagents. The role of metal content and the limiting transport mechanisms are further probed for dense particles, the predominant mode of occurrence. This study highlights, for the first time, how the morphology and the elemental makeup of the ash matrix play a critical role in the accessibility of REEs, furthering the knowledge base required for the design of cost-effective and environmentally benign REEs recovery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Gerardo
- Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Subsurface Energy and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Artur R Davletshin
- Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Subsurface Energy and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Staci L Loewy
- Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Wen Song
- Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Subsurface Energy and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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17
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Liu Q, Sun K, Ouyang X, Sen B, Liu L, Dai T, Liu G. Tracking Three Decades of Global Neodymium Stocks and Flows with a Trade-Linked Multiregional Material Flow Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11807-11817. [PMID: 35920659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neodymium (Nd), an essential type of rare earth element, has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its significant role in emerging technologies and its globally imbalanced demand and supply. Understanding the global and regional Nd stocks and flows would thus be important for understanding and mitigating potential supply risks. In this work, we applied a trade-linked multiregional material flow analysis to map the global and regional neodymium cycles from 1990 to 2020. We reveal increasingly complex trade patterns of Nd-containing products and a clearly dominant but slightly weakening role of China in the global Nd trade (for both raw materials and semi- and final products) along the life cycle in the last 30 years. A total of 880 kt Nd was mined accumulatively and flowed into the global socioeconomic system, mainly as NdFeB permanent magnets (79%) in semi-products and conventional vehicles and home appliances (together 48%) in final products. Approximately 64% (i.e., 563 kt Nd) of all the mined Nd globally were not recycled, indicating a largely untapped potential of recycling in securing Nd supply and an urgency to overcome the present technological and non-technical challenges. The global Nd cycle in the past three decades is characterized by different but complementary roles of different regions along the global Nd value chain: China dominates in the provision of raw materials and semi- and final products, Japan focuses on the manufacturing of magnets and electronics, and the United States and European Union show advantages in the vehicle industry. Anticipating increasing demand of Nd in emerging energy and transport technologies in the future, more coordinated efforts among different regions and increased recycling are urgently needed for ensuring both regional and global Nd supply and demand balance and a common green future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiance Liu
- SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Kun Sun
- SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Xin Ouyang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Burak Sen
- SAU Center for Research & Development, and Applied Research (SARGEM), Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, 54050 Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Litao Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Tao Dai
- Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and China Geological Survey, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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18
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Dai Y, Sun S, Li Y, Yang J, Zhang C, Cao R, Zhang H, Chen J, Geng N. Residual levels and health risk assessment of rare earth elements in Chinese resident diet: A market-based investigation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154119. [PMID: 35227721 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of rare earth elements (REEs) in agriculture and high-tech industry resulted in significant release of REEs into the environment. However, there is a scarcity of studies focusing on the presence of REEs in the food worldwide. The present study investigated the residual levels of REEs in 14 representative food categories collected from 33 major cities of China. The measured total REEs (ΣREE) levels in the foods of aquatic origin were 174.97 μg kg-1 wet weight (ww), which was 6.35 times higher than those of terrestrial origin. It is interesting to observe a trophic dilution effect for REEs in both terrestrial and aquatic food samples. REEs in food samples at low trophic levels exhibited relatively high REEs levels; while for high trophic level food, relatively low REEs levels were observed. The distribution patterns of REEs varied across the different food categories and regions, with Ce being the most abundant REEs in all food samples, followed by La, Nd and Sm. High levels of ΣREE in food samples were observed in Midland, while low levels were found in the Northeast. Cereals was the dominant contributor to the estimated daily intake of REEs. The health risk of REEs by daily food consumption in China was acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Dai
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China; Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056010, China
| | - Chengbin Zhang
- Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056010, China
| | - Rong Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
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19
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Okeme IC, Crane RA, Nash WM, Ojonimi TI, Scott TB. Characterisation of rare earth elements and toxic heavy metals in coal and coal fly ash. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19284-19296. [PMID: 35865568 PMCID: PMC9249045 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to increasing demand for rare earth elements (REE), growing concerns over their sustainability, and domination of their supply by China, coal fly ash has recently emerged as a viable target for REE recovery. With billions of tonnes in repositories and still more being generated across the globe, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly and economical extraction technologies for the recovery of the REEs from coal fly ash, and to consider the environmental implications of such a recovery process. This study reports characterisation of Nigerian simulant coal fly ash, and investigates the distribution and leaching of the REEs and U, Th, As, Cr, Cd and Pb from these materials using ethanoic acid. Significant amounts (14% to 31%) of the REEs were recovered in the acid-soluble fraction of a sequential extraction procedure using ethanoic acid. While the greatest amounts of U (53% to 62%) and Th (89% to 96%) were recovered in the stable residual fraction, significant amounts (3% to 13%) of U were recovered in the acid-soluble fraction. As was the most enriched element in the mobile acid-soluble fraction (46% to 60%), followed by Cd (15% to 34%). These results demonstrate that REEs contained within coal fly ash - especially those sourced from coal-fired power plants burning coal at temperatures between 700 °C and 1100 °C - can be recovered through an environmentally friendly procedure using the cost-effective heap leaching method, with ethanoic acid or the more cheaply-available vinegar as lixiviant. These results are also valuable for cost evaluation of rare earths recovery from coal fly ash generated by fluidised bed combustion coal fired power plants, and the development of methodologies for coal fly ash management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilemona C Okeme
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, HH Wills Physics Laboratory Bristol BS8 1TL UK +44 (0)7376625377
| | - Richard A Crane
- Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter UK.,Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter UK
| | - William M Nash
- Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter UK.,Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter UK
| | | | - Thomas B Scott
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, HH Wills Physics Laboratory Bristol BS8 1TL UK +44 (0)7376625377
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20
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Xiao S, Geng Y, Pan H, Gao Z, Yao T. Uncovering the Key Features of Dysprosium Flows and Stocks in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8682-8690. [PMID: 35544346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dysprosium (Dy) is a critical rare earth element and plays an indispensable role in clean energy technologies, such as wind turbines and electric vehicles. However, its flows and stocks in the whole life cycle and potential barriers to sustainable supply remain unclear, although the demand for Dy is increasing and its reserves are limited. This study aims to track China's Dy cycle for the period of 2000 to 2019 by employing dynamic material flow analysis. The results show that (1) demand for Dy had increased by 117-fold, with an accumulative use of 37,317 tons, of which 50% was obtained from illegal mining; (2) 33% of the overall Dy resource was used in wind turbines in 2019, followed by air conditioners and electric vehicles (22 and 17%, respectively); (3) China's net Dy export had increased by 10-fold from 2000 to 2019, with Dy concentrates and final products being the dominant import and export products, respectively. Illegal mining, inadequate recycling policies, and limited Dy supply sources are potential barriers influencing sustainable Dy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiang Xiao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yong Geng
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hengyu Pan
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Ziyan Gao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tianli Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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21
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Nomizu D, Sasaki Y, Kaneko M, Matsumiya M, Katsuta S. Complex formation of light and heavy lanthanides with DGA and DOODA, and its application to mutual separation in DGA–DOODA extraction system. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Pinter J, Jones BS, Vriens B. Loads and elimination of trace elements in wastewater in the Great Lakes basin. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117949. [PMID: 34915334 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of trace elements in industrialized societies is driving an increase in the occurrence of trace elements in anthropogenic waste streams globally. Yet, the large-scale sources of many trace elements to wastewater and their elimination during treatment remain poorly understood and potential environmental impacts on freshwater systems therefore unclear. We screened 42 wastewater treatment facilities in the North American Great Lakes basin and deployed a black-box approach to calculate representative estimates for average per-capita trace element loads and basin-scale effluent discharge rates, as well as trace element removal efficiencies across different treatment technologies. Our results show different removal of specific groups of trace elements during wastewater treatment: average removal efficiencies were 25% for alkali metals, 50% for alkaline earth metals, 74% for transition metals, and 85% for rare earth elements. Higher elimination of the majority of trace elements was generally achieved by more advanced, tertiary treatment types. Elemental loads generally followed natural abundance patterns, but anomalous loading rates were observed for various trace elements across the sampled facilities. By examining geospatial attributes of the sampled sewersheds, trends in select trace element loads were qualitatively tied to possible point sources and diffuse sources. Overall, these results illustrate the potential of wastewater surveillance to inform environmental management of emerging trace element contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Pinter
- Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bailey S Jones
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
| | - Bas Vriens
- Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Natarajan D, Ye Z, Wang L, Ge L, Pathak JL. Rare earth smart nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology: Advances, challenges, and prospects. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10262. [PMID: 35111954 PMCID: PMC8780931 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts or prosthetic implant designing for clinical application is challenging due to the complexity of integrated physiological processes. The revolutionary advances of nanotechnology in the biomaterial field expedite and endorse the current unresolved complexity in functional bone graft and implant design. Rare earth (RE) materials are emerging biomaterials in tissue engineering due to their unique biocompatibility, fluorescence upconversion, antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have developed various RE smart nano-biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology applications in the past two decades. Furthermore, researchers have explored the molecular mechanisms of RE material-mediated tissue regeneration. Recent advances in biomedical applications of micro or nano-scale RE materials have provided a foundation for developing novel, cost-effective bone tissue engineering strategies. This review attempted to provide an overview of RE nanomaterials' technological innovations in bone tissue engineering and implantology and summarized the osteogenic, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, in vivo bone tissue imaging, and antimicrobial properties of various RE nanomaterials, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in these biological events. Further, we extend to discuss the challenges and prospects of RE smart nano-biomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering and implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraipandy Natarajan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhitong Ye
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Linhu Ge
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Brewer A, Dror I, Berkowitz B. Electronic waste as a source of rare earth element pollution: Leaching, transport in porous media, and the effects of nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132217. [PMID: 34826916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are an emerging pollutant whose increasing use in various technological applications causes increasing risk of environmental contamination. Electronic waste (E-waste) could be one major source of REE pollution, as E-waste typically contains elevated REE concentrations and is often handled in unsafe and environmentally hazardous ways. Here, a series of leaching assays revealed that <1% of REEs available in a representative E-waste were released except at acidic conditions (pH 2) rarely observed in nature. If REEs are leached from E-waste, the extent of their spread in the environment will depend, in large part, on their mobility through porous media. Measurements of REE transport through saturated sand demonstrated extremely limited mobility except at acidic conditions (pH 2), though significant REE retention by the substrate still occurs at this low pH. Similar experiments in a natural soil found REE mobility to be even lower in that substrate, with complete REE retention even after the passage of up to 215 pore volumes of a 500 ppb REE solution. Aqueous REEs are therefore not expected to be highly mobile in the environment. The presence of natural or anthropogenic nanoparticles may affect REE behavior during leaching and/or transport. Measurements indicated that silica nanoparticles can increase the concentration of fluid-mobile REEs during E-waste leaching, but both plastic and silica nanoparticles have a negligible effect on REE transport. Ultimately, the experiments and analysis presented here suggest that the threat of REE pollution from E-waste is minimal except at specific sites with unusual environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Brewer
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
| | - Ishai Dror
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Brian Berkowitz
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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26
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Yu JM, Luo D, Ma ZJ, Zheng B, Cheng FF, Xiong WW. Effective Enrichment of Low-Concentration Rare-Earth Ions by Three-Dimensional Thiostannate K 2Sn 2S 5. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55188-55197. [PMID: 34757713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth elements (REEs) in industrial wastewaters have great value for recycling and reuse, but their characteristic of low concentration poses a challenge to an efficient enrichment from wastewaters. In recent years, thiometallates featuring two-dimensional layers have shown great potential in the enrichment of REEs via the ion-exchange process. However, investigations on thiometallates featuring three-dimensional anionic frameworks for the recovery of REEs have not been reported. Herein, K2Sn2S5 (KTS-2), a thiostannate possessing a three-dimensional porous framework, was chosen as an ion-exchange material for capturing REEs from an aqueous solution. Indeed, KTS-2 exhibited excellent ion-exchange performance for all 16 REEs (except Pm). Specifically, KTS-2 displayed a high capture capacity (232.7 ± 7.8 mg/g) and a short equilibrium time (within 10 min) for Yb3+ ions. In addition, KTS-2 had a high distribution coefficient for Yb3+ ions (Kd > 105 mL/g) in the presence of excessive interfering ions. Impressively, KTS-2 could reach removal rates of above 95% for all 16 REEs in a large quantity of wastewater with low initial concentration (∼7 mg/L). Moreover, KTS-2 could be used as an eco-friendly material for ion exchange of REEs, since the released K+ cations would not cause secondary pollution to the water solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ming Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Da Luo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Matsutani T, Sasaki Y, Katsuta S. Separation of Light and Middle Lanthanides Using Multistage Extraction with Diglycolamide Extractant. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1603-1609. [PMID: 34759093 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the chemical behavior of lanthanides (Ln) by multistage extraction. Using 10 aqueous phases with Ln and 3 organic phases, we drew the breakthrough curves for light and middle Ln. Our study reveals that the limit of metal extraction depends on their D values and the metal concentration employed in experiments. From the multistage extractions of 15 stage aqueous phases and 15 stage organic phases, three curves (extraction curves, back-extraction curves, and separation curves) were obtained. Setting appropriate conditions, adequate separation of light Ln from middle ones can be achieved. As an example, under the condition of the separation curve experiment (aqueous phase: 0.5 M HNO3, organic phase: 0.1 M TDDGA (N,N,N',N'-tetradecyl-diglycolamide) in n-dodecane), the recovery of more than 99% of Sm in the organic phase with less than 1% of Nd can be obtained, even in the case of two metals adjacent to each other in the Ln series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Matsutani
- Nuclear Science and Engineer Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University
| | - Yuji Sasaki
- Nuclear Science and Engineer Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency
| | - Shoichi Katsuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University
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28
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Lanthanide azolecarboxylate compounds: Structure, luminescent properties and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Hanai K, Gotoh T, Nakai S. Recovery of Rare Earths using Anion-Supporting Polymer Gel. KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.47.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kensho Hanai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
| | - Takehiko Gotoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
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Abstract
Telecoupling refers to socioeconomic and environmental interactions between distant places. Telecoupling is becoming even more significant in the increasingly globalized world and it plays a key role in the emergence of major global environmental problems. In particular, it contributes to land degradation and the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, there is a lack of systematic examination of the impacts of telecoupling on land system change, and how to respond to the undesirable impacts. Based on CiteSpace Software, here we analyze the current research status of telecoupled human–land systems, including publications, major scientific research institutions, and research processes. We explore the impacts of telecoupling on land and how to respond to these impacts. Finally, we propose a framework that is composed of impact identification, system integration, and responses to achieve a win-win situation in telecoupled human–land systems. The framework can help to create a sustainable future for telecoupled human–land systems.
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Crawford SE, Ellis JE, Ohodnicki PR, Baltrus JP. Influence of the Anionic Zinc-Adeninate Metal-Organic Framework Structure on the Luminescent Detection of Rare Earth Ions in Aqueous Streams. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7268-7277. [PMID: 33534542 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical to numerous technologies; however, a combination of increasing demand, environmental concerns, and monopolistic marketplace conditions has spurred interest in boosting the domestic REE production from sources such as coal utilization byproducts. The economic viability of this approach requires rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive analytical techniques capable of characterizing the REE content during resource exploration and downstream REE processing (e.g., analyzing REE separation, concentration, and purification production steps). Luminescence-based sensors are attractive because many REEs may be sensitized to produce element-specific emission. Hence, a single material may simultaneously detect and distinguish multiple REEs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can sensitize multiple REEs, but their viability has been hindered by sensitivity and selectivity challenges. Understanding how the MOF structure impacts the REE sensing efficacy is critical to the rational design of new sensors. Here, we evaluate the sensing performance of seven different anionic zinc-adeninate MOFs with different organic linkers and/or structures for the visible-emitting REEs Tb, Dy, Sm, and Eu. The choice of a linker determines which REEs are sensitized and significantly influences their sensitivity and selectivity against competing species (here, Fe(II) and HCl). For a given linker, structural changes to the MOF can further fine-tune the performance. The MOFs produce some of the lowest detection limits (sub-10 ppb for Tb) reported for the aqueous sensitization-based REE detection. Importantly, the most selective MOFs demonstrated the ability to sensitize the REE signal at sub-ppm levels in a REE-spiked acid mine drainage matrix, highlighting their potential for use in real-world sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Crawford
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - James E Ellis
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John P Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
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Mishra PM, Barick L, Devi AP, Swain KK. Biospecific separation of holmium(III) using raw and chemically treated bark powder of Mangifera indica: kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:801-812. [PMID: 31322046 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1645741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the biosorption of Holmium(III) from aqueous solution was carried out using both raw and acid-treated bark powder of Mangifera indica as bio-sorbents and the results are being compared. Batch experiments were conducted by varying different reaction parameters such as metal concentration, biomass dosage, pH of the metal solution and contact time. The results showed that the acid-treated biomass exhibited higher percentage removal of the metal ion Ho(III) i.e. 93.44% than the untreated bark powder using two times lesser amount of treated bark powder than the untreated one. Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies of adsorption were carried out. Kinetics of the adsorption process follows the linear form of a pseudo-second-order model. The negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG ◦) indicate the spontaneity of the adsorption process and the positive value of enthalpy change (ΔH ◦) suggests it as an endothermic process. Out of four isotherm models, the equilibrium data were well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherm conforming monolayer coverage. The results suggested that acid-treated bark powder of M. indica can be used as a cost-effective and efficient bio-adsorbent for the adsorption of Holmium(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravat Manjari Mishra
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Loparani Barick
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Aparna Prabha Devi
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Krishna Kumari Swain
- Environment & Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
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Soukeur A, Szymczyk A, Berbar Y, Amara M. Extraction of rare earth elements from waste products of phosphate industry. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Rucki M, Kejlova K, Vlkova A, Jirova D, Dvorakova M, Svobodova L, Kandarova H, Letasiova S, Kolarova H, Mannerstrom M, Heinonen T. Evaluation of toxicity profiles of rare earth elements salts (lanthanides). J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zeng X, Ali SH, Li J. Estimation of waste outflows for multiple product types in China from 2010-2050. Sci Data 2021; 8:15. [PMID: 33462226 PMCID: PMC7814135 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Material flow has been accelerated from underground natural minerals and is accumulating as aboveground waste stock. China is not only the largest producer and consumer of material-driven products, but also the largest generator of product waste. No official annual product waste data are released for China, which creates challenges especially in light of China's emerging waste management policies. Previous studies have presented only estimations of waste streams for single products. In this study, we considered three product types and 33 technological products and collected all the available data. A Kuznets curve and Bass diffusion model were employed to forecast their future consumption. Based on urban consumption metabolism, we created one systematic estimation model of product waste generation related to material flow and social regulation. Typical technological product waste outflows were estimated from 2010 to 2050, which can assist further material flow and environmental impact research, as well as waste management policy-making and technology development. The created model can be potentially extended to other types of product waste estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlai Zeng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Saleem H Ali
- College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19709, USA
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- United Nations International Resource Panel, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Wang QC, Wang P, Qiu Y, Dai T, Chen WQ. Byproduct Surplus: Lighting the Depreciative Europium in China's Rare Earth Boom. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14686-14693. [PMID: 32985873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Europium (Eu) is often regarded as a critical mineral due to its byproduct nature, importance to lighting technologies, and global supply concentration. However, the existing indicator-based criticality assessments have limitations to capture Eu's supply chain information and thus fall short of reflecting its true criticality. This study quantified the flows and stocks of Eu in mainland China from 1990 to 2018. Results show that: (1) China's Eu demand decreased by 75% from 2011 to 2018, as a result of the lighting technology transition from fluorescent lamps to light-emitting diodes, which significantly reduced Eu's importance; (2) the supply of Eu mined as a byproduct kept increasing together with the growing rare earth production, which caused a substantial supply surplus being ≈1900 t by 2018; (3) despite the leading role of China in global Eu production, Eu mined in China was exported mainly in the form of intermediate and final products, and ≈90% Eu embedded in domestically produced final products was used for export recently. This study indicates that Eu's criticality is not as severe as previously assessed and highlights the necessity of material flow analysis for a holistic and dynamic view on the entire supply chain of critical minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Chu Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Fujian Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Fujian Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Bren Hall, 2400 University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Tao Dai
- MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing, 100037, China
- Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Fujian Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Louis P, Messaoudene A, Jrad H, Abdoul-Hamid BA, Vignati DAL, Pons MN. Understanding Rare Earth Elements concentrations, anomalies and fluxes at the river basin scale: The Moselle River (France) as a case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140619. [PMID: 32721741 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities linked to various new technologies are increasingly disrupting REEs biogeochemical cycles. A catchment-based perspective is therefore necessary to distinguish between natural (i.e., changes in lithology) and human-related sources of REEs variability. In the present study, REEs patterns, anomalies and fluxes were investigated in the French part of the Moselle River basin (Moselle River itself and some of its headstreams and tributaries). The REEs patterns in the headstream waters were highly variable and mostly related to the complex underlying lithology (granite, sandstone, tuff and graywacke). Along the Moselle River, the presence of positive Gd anomalies and a regular LREEs depletion/HREEs enrichment pattern on sandstone/limestone substrates were the most distinctive features. The Gd anomaly varied from 1.8 to 8.7, with anthropogenic Gd representing 45 to 88% of the total Gd. A linear relationship was obtained between the anthropogenic Gd flux and the cumulative population along the watershed. However, the magnitude of the Gd anomalies was shown to depend on the methodological approach chosen for their calculation. The use of a threshold value to identify the presence of an anthropogenic Gd anomaly may therefore be basin (and lithology) dependent, and care has to be taken in comparing results from different rivers or lithologies. Concentration of anthropogenic Gd in the Moselle River and its tributaries were close to, or above, the value of 20 ng/L reported in literature to elicit adverse biological effects in laboratory cell cultures. The ecotoxicological significance of Gd anomalies deserves further investigation because concentrations of anthropogenic Gd may also vary depending on the methodological approach used for calculating Gd anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Louis
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Hayfa Jrad
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Noëlle Pons
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle, LRGP, 54000 Nancy, France.
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39
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Chromatographic separation and determination of some heavy metals and the sum of the rare earth elements in some geological materials. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Fujita Y, Walton M, Das G, Dohnalkova A, Vanzin G, Anderko A. Impacts of anthropogenic gadolinium on the activity of the ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127250. [PMID: 32600781 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in medical imaging has resulted in increased Gd inputs to municipal wastewater treatment plants. Others have reported that typical wastewater treatment does not attenuate Gd, resulting in discharges to natural waters. However, whether elevated Gd impacts the performance of biological treatment has not been investigated. We examined whether gadolinium chloride or Gd chelated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) affected the activity of the model nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. At nominal GdCl3 additions ranging from 1 to 500 μM, no impact was observed compared to the control. Most (>98%) of the added Gd precipitated, and extracellular GdPO4 nanoparticles were observed. When chelated with DTPA, Gd remained soluble, but no statistically significant impact on ammonia oxidation was observed until the highest concentrations tested. At 300 and 500 μM Gd-DTPA, a temporary reduction of nitrite production relative to the control (effect size 1.3 mg l-1 and 1.5 mg l-1, respectively, at 24 h) was seen. By itself, DTPA was highly inhibitory. Modeling suggested that DTPA likely chelated other metals, but adjusting the concentrations of the most abundant metals in the medium, calcium and magnesium, indicated that lowering their free ion activities was probably not the cause of inhibition. Complexation of other essential metals was more likely. Our studies indicate that while the low bioavailability of Gd may limit its ecosystem impacts, the role of synthetic ligands used with Gd and other rare earth elements should be considered as the production, use and disposal of these elements increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Fujita
- Idaho National Laboratory, Biological & Chemical Science & Engineering Department, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415-2203, United States.
| | - Michelle Walton
- Idaho National Laboratory, Biological & Chemical Science & Engineering Department, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415-2203, United States
| | - Gaurav Das
- OLI Systems, Inc., 240 Cedar Knolls Road, Suite 301, Cedar Knolls, NJ, 07927, United States
| | - Alice Dohnalkova
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, United States
| | - Gary Vanzin
- Colorado School of Mines, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 1012 14th Street, Golden, CO, 80401, United States
| | - Andre Anderko
- OLI Systems, Inc., 240 Cedar Knolls Road, Suite 301, Cedar Knolls, NJ, 07927, United States
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Ambaye TG, Vaccari M, Castro FD, Prasad S, Rtimi S. Emerging technologies for the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from the end-of-life electronic wastes: a review on progress, challenges, and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36052-36074. [PMID: 32617815 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) has significantly increased due to their indispensable uses in integrated circuits of modern technology. However, due to the extensive use of high-tech applications in our daily life and the depletion of their primary ores, REE's recovery from secondary sources is today needed. REEs have now attracted attention to policymakers and scientists to develop novel recovery technologies for materials' supply sustainability. This paper summarizes the recent progress for the recovery of REEs using various emerging technologies such as bioleaching, biosorption, cryo-milling, electrochemical processes and nanomaterials, siderophores, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and supercritical CO2. The challenges facing this recovery are discussed comprehensively and some possible improvements are presented. This work also highlights the economic and engineering aspects of the recovery of REE from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Finally, this review suggests that greener and low chemical consuming technologies, such as siderophores and electrochemical processes, are promising for the recovery of REEs present in small quantities. These technologies present also a potential for large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
- Department of chemistry, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francine Duarte Castro
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Centre for Environment Science & Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Liu J, Zeng L, Liao S, Liao X, Liu J, Mao J, Chen Y, Qiu T, Ren S. Highly efficient enrichment and adsorption of rare earth ions (yttrium(III)) by recyclable magnetic nitrogen functionalized mesoporous expanded perlite. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yang Cai, Luo W, Mu J, Luo T, Wei J, Xiao Y. Self-Peristaltic Gel-Microspheres Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Polyacrylic Acid Prepared via Inverse Suspension for Recovery Rare Earth Ions from Aqueous Solution. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420050024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gatiboni TL, Iop GD, Diehl LO, Flores EMM, Muller EI, Mello PA. An ultrasound-assisted sample preparation method of carbonatite rock for determination of rare earth elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 3:e8732. [PMID: 31960513 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A method for the determination of rare earth elements in carbonatite rocks by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed. METHODS An alkaline rock, carbonatite, was submitted to ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) using an ultrasound bath, a cup horn system or an ultrasound probe. The main USAE parameters were evaluated, such as extraction time (1 to 30 min), extraction temperature (20 to 100°C) and ultrasound amplitude (10 to 100%). For ICP-MS, a desolvation system (APEX-Q) was used to reduce interference in lanthanide determination. To evaluate if the effect of ultrasound improved extraction, experiments were carried out using magnetic stirring (500 rpm) for comparison. RESULTS The temperature and ultrasound amplitude optimized for the method were 70°C and 40%, respectively, using dilute nitric acid (3% v/v). Quantitative analyte recoveries were obtained using an ultrasound bath (25 kHz/100 W) which allowed for the simultaneous extraction of twelve replicates. CONCLUSIONS All the results obtained with the use of ultrasound systems were better than those obtained with mechanical stirring. The extracts were suitable for ICP-MS analysis and the results were in agreement with those obtained by the reference method (using wet acid digestion). Based on the results, the use of USAE can be considered an alternative method for sample preparation of carbonatite rocks, under milder conditions, for further ICP-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais L Gatiboni
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle D Iop
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisarb O Diehl
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Edson I Muller
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Paola A Mello
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Huang X, He E, Qiu H, Zhang L, Tang Y, Zhao C, Li M, Xiao X, Qiu R. Do toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic processes hold the same for light and heavy rare earth elements in terrestrial organism Enchytraeus crypticus? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114234. [PMID: 32126438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of rare earth elements (REEs) in numerous sectors have resulted in their release into the environment. Existing knowledge about the effects of REEs were acquired mainly based on toxicity tests with aquatic organisms and a fixed exposure time, Here, the dynamic accumulation and toxicity of REEs (La, Ce, and Gd) in soil organism Enchytraeus crypticus were determined and modeled by a first-order one-compartment model and a time-toxicity logistic model, respectively. Generally, the accumulation and toxicity of REEs were both exposure level- and time-dependent. The overall uptake rate constants were 2.97, 2.48, and 2.38 L kg-1d-1 for La, Ce, and Gd, respectively. The corresponding elimination rate constants were 0.99, 0.78, and 0.56 d-1, respectively. The worms exhibited faster uptake and elimination ability for light REEs (La and Ce) than for heavy REEs (Gd). For all three REEs, the LC50 values based on exposure concentrations decreased with time and reached ultimate values after approximately 10 d exposure. The estimated ultimate LC50 values (LC50∞) were 279, 334, and 358 mg L-1 for Ce, Gd, and La, respectively. When expressed as body concentration, the LC50inter value was almost constant with time, demonstrating that internal body concentration could be a better indicator of dynamic toxicity of REEs than external dose. This study highlights that specific REE and exposure time should be taken into account in accurately assessing risk of REEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Erkai He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chunmei Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Turra C, Fernandes EADN, Bacchi MA, Sarriés GA, Reyes AEL. Temporal variability of rare earth elements in Ultisol soil under citrus plants. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shin SH, Kim HO, Rim KT. Worker Safety in the Rare Earth Elements Recycling Process From the Review of Toxicity and Issues. Saf Health Work 2019; 10:409-419. [PMID: 31890323 PMCID: PMC6933177 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the rare earth elements (REEs) recycling industry is expected to increase worldwide in high-tech industry, regulations for worker safety have yet to be established. This study was conducted to understand the potential hazard/risk of REE recycling and to support the establishment of regulations or standards. We review the extensive literature on the toxicology, occupational safety, and health issues, and epidemiological surveys related to the REEs, and propose suitable management measures. REE recycling has four key steps such as collection, dismantling, separation, and processing. In these processes, hazardous substances, such as REEs-containing dust, metals, and chemicals, were used or occurred, including the risk of ignition and explosion, and the workers can be easily exposed to them. In addition, skin irritation and toxicities for respiratory, nervous, and cardiovascular systems with the liver toxicity were reported; however, more supplementary data are needed, owing to incompleteness. Therefore, monitoring systems concerning health, environmental impacts, and safety need to be established, based on additional research studies. It is also necessary to develop innovative and environment-friendly recycling technologies, analytical methods, and biomarkers with government support. Through these efforts, the occupational safety and health status will be improved, along with the establishment of advanced REE recycling industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung-Taek Rim
- Corresponding author. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, KOSHA, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Iavicoli I, Leso V, Fontana L. The reference values in the interpretation of toxicological data. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2019; 110:251-270. [PMID: 31475687 PMCID: PMC7809994 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v110i4.8662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide gradual expansion of industrialization has led to a dramatic increase in the production and use of chemical substances. This has resulted in a greater dispersion of these elements in the environment and in an increased exposure of the general population and workers. In this scenario, a thorough knowledge of exposure levels is needed in order to assess chemical risks in environmental and occupational settings. Biological monitoring is among the most useful tools for assessing exposure. However, in order to provide really effective guidance in the application/implementation of risk management measures, biomonitoring results need to be compared with appropriate references. Reference values (RVs) are an excellent resource since useful information for a correct interpretation of toxicological data can be obtained by comparing them with biomonitoring results. In the field of public health, this may enable us to identify potential sources of exposure, define the principal and most frequently exploited routes of exposure, and outline chemical absorption. Similarly, in occupational medicine, RVs can be used to give meaning to biomonitoring findings, especially when a biological limit value is not available for the chemical in question. Furthermore, these values are a valid tool for assessing exposure to chemical carcinogens. Therefore, by integrating reference values in an appropriate and complete system of guide values that also includes action levels and biological limit values, we could obtain both an adequate assessment of exposure and a better understanding of toxicological data.
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49
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Crawford SE, Gan XY, Lemaire PCK, Millstone JE, Baltrus JP, Ohodnicki PR. Zinc-Adeninate Metal-Organic Framework: A Versatile Photoluminescent Sensor for Rare Earth Elements in Aqueous Systems. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1986-1991. [PMID: 31361472 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are strategically important for national security and advanced technologies. Consequently, significant effort has been devoted towards increasing REE domestic production, including the extraction of REEs from coal, coal combustion byproducts, and their associated waste streams such as acid mine drainage. Analytical techniques for rapid quantification of REE content in aqueous phases can facilitate REE recovery through rapid identification of high-value waste streams. In this work, we show that BioMOF-100 can be used as a fluorescent-based sensitizer for emissive REE ion detection in water, providing rapid (<10 min) analysis times and sensitive detection (parts-per-billion detection limits) for terbium, dysprosium, samarium, europium, ytterbium, and neodymium, even in the presence of acids or secondary metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Crawford
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xing Yee Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter C. K. Lemaire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E. Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John P. Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
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50
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Critical Material Applications and Intensities in Clean Energy Technologies. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol1010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Clean energy technologies have been developed to address the pressing global issue of climate change; however, the functionality of many of these technologies relies on materials that are considered critical. Critical materials are those that have potential vulnerability to supply disruption. In this paper, critical material intensity data from academic articles, government reports, and industry publications are aggregated and presented in a variety of functional units, which vary based on the application of each technology. The clean energy production technologies of gas turbines, direct drive wind turbines, and three types of solar photovoltaics (silicon, CdTe, and CIGS); the low emission mobility technologies of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, permanent-magnet-containing motors, and both nickel metal hydride and Li-ion batteries; and, the energy-efficient lighting devices (CFL, LFL, and LED bulbs) are analyzed. To further explore the role of critical materials in addressing climate change, emissions savings units are also provided to illustrate the potential for greenhouse gas emission reductions per mass of critical material in each of the clean energy production technologies. Results show the comparisons of material use in clean energy technologies under various performance, economic, and environmental based units.
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