1
|
Zhu Y, Che R, Dong Z, Guo T, He X, Li J, Wang F. Metabolomics reveals the potential mechanism of La(III) promoting enrichment of Sodium hydrogen arsenate and Roxarsone in Solanum nigrum L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 953:175990. [PMID: 39245378 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The rare earth element lanthanum (La(III)) has been found to effectively enhance crop yields and improve plant growth and development. Arsenic (As), as a class of toxic metals widely found in the environment, poses a serious threat to both ecological and human health. Research on the application of La(III) in phytoremediation to enhance remediation efficiency is currently lacking. This study examined the impact of La(III) on physiological and biochemical indicators of Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum) exposed to Sodium hydrogen arsenate (SA) and Roxarsone (ROX) treatments under hydroponic conditions. Results indicated that La(III) treatment increased S. nigrum's aboveground As transport capacity by 58.68 %-213 % compared to no La(III) application. Additionally, foliar spraying of La(III) significantly inhibited the expression of toxic metabolites in the root system of S. nigrum, reducing Benzamide by 99.79 % under SA treatment and ZON by 87.72 % under ROX treatment. La(III) is likely to promote the transport of toxins and nutrients within and out of cells by activating ABC transporters, thereby enhancing S. nigrum's arsenic tolerance and metabolic activity. These findings provide molecular-scale insights into La(III) enhancement of the resilience of hyper-enriched plants and the remediation potential of contaminated sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Ruijie Che
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Zhongtian Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Ting Guo
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Xin He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jining Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Liu ZH, Wu JL, Ding YT, Ma QG, Hayat W, Liu Y, Wang PJ, Dang Z, Rittmann B. Deconjugation potentials of natural estrogen conjugates in sewage and wastewater treatment plant: New insights from model prediction and on-site investigations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172071. [PMID: 38554960 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural estrogen conjugates play important roles in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), but their deconjugation potentials are poorly understood. This work is the first to investigate the relationships between the enzyme activities of arylsulfatase/β-glucuronidase and deconjugation potentials of natural estrogen conjugates. This work led to three important findings. First, the enzyme activity of β-glucuronidase in sewage is far higher than that of arylsulfatase, while their corresponding activities in activated sludge were similar. Second, a model based on β-glucuronidase could successfully predict the deconjugation potentials of natural estrogen glucuronide conjugates in sewage. Third, the enzyme activity of arylsulfatase in sewage was too low to lead to evident deconjugation of sulfate conjugates, which means that the deconjugation rate of estrogen sulfates can be regarded as zero. By comparing their theoretical removal based on enzyme activity and on-site investigation, it is reasonable to conclude that reverse deconjugation of estrogen conjugates (i.e., conjugation of natural estrogens to form conjugated estrogens) likely exist in WWTP, which explains well why natural estrogen conjugates cannot be effectively removed in WWTP. Meanwhile, this work provides new insights how to improve the removal performance of WWTP on natural estrogen conjugates. SYNOPSIS: This work is the first to show how arylsulfatase/β-glucuronidase could affect deconjugation of natural estrogen conjugates and possible way to enhance their removal in wastewater treatment plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Hua Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Key Lab Pollution Control & Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Labora tory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jia-le Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Ting Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Guang Ma
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Waseem Hayat
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Peng-Jie Wang
- Shijing Water Purification Branch, Guangzhou Water Purification Co. LTD, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Bruce Rittmann
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-5701, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen S, Peng L, Xu Y, Wang N, Wang X, Liang C, Song K, Zhou Y. Modeling Free Nitrous Acid Inhibition on the Removal of Nitrogen and Atenolol during Sidestream Partial Nitritation Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5162-5173. [PMID: 38358933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Sidestream serves as an important reservoir collecting pharmaceuticals from sludge. However, the knowledge on sidestream pharmaceutical removal is still insufficient. In this work, atenolol biodegradation during sidestream partial nitritation (PN) processes characterized by high free nitrous acid (FNA) accumulation was modeled. To describe the FNA inhibition on ammonia oxidation and atenolol removal, Vadivelu-type and Hellinga-type inhibition kinetics were introduced into the model framework. Four inhibitory parameters along with four biodegradation kinetic parameters were calibrated and validated separately with eight sets of batch experimental data and 60 days' PN reactor operational data. The developed model could accurately reproduce the dynamics of nitrogen and atenolol. The model prediction further revealed that atenolol biodegradation efficiencies by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)-induced cometabolism, AOB-induced metabolism, and heterotrophic bacteria-induced biodegradation were 0, ∼ 60, and ∼35% in the absence of ammonium and FNA; ∼ 14, ∼ 29, and ∼28% at 0.03 mg-N L-1 FNA; and 7, 15, and 5% at 0.19 mg-N L-1 FNA. Model simulation showed that the nitritation efficiency of ∼99% and atenolol removal efficiency of 57.5% in the PN process could be achieved simultaneously by controlling pH at 8.5, while 89.2% total nitrogen and 57.1% atenolol were removed to the maximum at pH of 7.0 in PN coupling with the anammox process. The pH-based operational strategy to regulate FNA levels was mathematically demonstrated to be effective for achieving the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and atenolol in PN-based sidestream processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanzhou Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vijay Pradhap Singh M, Ravi Shankar K. Next-generation hybrid technologies for the treatment of pharmaceutical industry effluents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120197. [PMID: 38301475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Water and industries are intangible units of the globe that are always set to meet the population's demand. The global population depends on one-third of freshwater increasing the demand. The increase in population along with urbanization has polluted the fresh water resources. The pharmaceutical industry is marked as an emerging contaminant of water pollution. The most common type of pharmaceutical drugs that are detected in the environment includes antibiotics, analgesics, NSAIDs, and pain-relieving drugs. These drugs alter the food chain of the organisms causing chaos mainly in the marine ecosystem. Pharmaceutical drugs are found only in shallow amounts (ng/mg) they have a huge impact on the living system. The consumption of water contaminated with pharmaceutical ingredients can disrupt reproduction, hormonal imbalance, cancer, and respiratory problems. Various methods are used to remove these chemicals from the environment. In this review, we mainly focused on the emerging hybrid technologies and their significance in the effective treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. This review paper primarily elaborates on the merits and demerits of existing conventional technologies helpful in developing integrated technologies for the modern era of pharmaceutical effluent treatment. This review paper further in detail discusses the various strategies of eco-friendly bioremediation techniques namely biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bacterial degradation, mycoremediation, phytoremediation, and others for the ultimate removal of pharmaceutical contaminants in wastewater. The review makes clear that targeted and hybrid solutions are what the world will require in the future to get rid of these pharmacological prints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Vijay Pradhap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women (Autonomous), Namakkal, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, 637 205, India.
| | - K Ravi Shankar
- Department of Biotechnology, University College of Engineering, Anna University-BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang L, Lei Z, Yun S, Yang X, Chen R. Quantitative structure-biotransformation relationships of organic micropollutants in aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169170. [PMID: 38072270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation is one of the dominant processes to remove organic micropollutants (OMPs) in wastewater treatment. However, studies on the role of molecular structure in determining the biotransformation rates of OMPs are limited. We evaluated the biotransformation of 14 OMPs belonging to different chemical classes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and then explored the quantitative structure-biotransformation relationships (QSBRs) of the OMPs based on biotransformation rates using valid molecular structure descriptors (electrical and physicochemical parameters). Pseudo-first-order kinetic modeling was used to fit the biotransformation rate, and only 2 of the 14 OMPs showed that the biotransformation rate constant (kbio) values were higher under anaerobic conditions than aerobic conditions, indicating that aerobic conditions were more favorable for biotransformation of most OMPs. QSBRs infer that the electrophilicity index (ω) is a reliable predictor for OMPs biotransformation under aerobic conditions. ω corresponds to the interaction between OMPs and microbial enzyme active sites, this process is the rate-limiting step of biotransformation. However, under anaerobic conditions the QSBR based on ω was not significant, indicating that specific functional groups may be more critical than electrophilicity. In conclusion, QSBRs can serve as alternative tools for the prediction of the biotransformation of OMPs and provide further insights into the factors that influence biotransformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianxu Wang
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Sining Yun
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Xiaohuan Yang
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodriguez EE, Bott CB, Wigginton KR, Love NG. In vitro bioassays to monitor complex chemical mixtures at a carbon-based indirect potable reuse plant. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120094. [PMID: 37276655 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Potable water reuse technologies are used to treat wastewater to drinking water quality to help sustain a community's water resources. California has long led the adoption of potable water reuse technologies in the United States and more states are exploring these technologies as water resources decline. Reuse technologies also need to achieve adequate reductions in microbial and chemical contaminant risks to meet public health goals and secure public acceptance. In vitro bioassays are a useful tool for screening if reuse treatment processes adequately reduce toxicity associated with a range of chemical classes that are contaminants of concern. In this study, we used an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and an estrogen receptor luciferase bioassay to detect the presence of dioxin-like and estrogenic compounds across a 3800 m3/d carbon-based indirect potable reuse plant that uses carbon-based treatment (SWIFT-RC). Our results demonstrate significant removal of dioxin-like compounds across the SWIFT-RC treatment train. Estrogenicity declined across the treatment train for some months but was extremely variable and low with many samples falling below the method quantification level; consequently, we were not able to reliably determine estrogenicity trends for SWIFT-RC. Comparing the bioanalytical equivalent concentrations detected in the SWIFT-RC water with established monitoring trigger levels from the state of California suggests that SWIFT-RC produced water that met the bioassay guidelines. The log total organic carbon concentration and AhR assay equivalent concentrations are weakly correlated when data across all SWIFT-RC processes are included. Overall, this research demonstrates the performance of in vitro bioassays at a demonstration-scale carbon-based IPR system and highlights both the potential utility and challenges associated with these methods for assessing system performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique E Rodriguez
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles B Bott
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Krista R Wigginton
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nancy G Love
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rios-Miguel AB, Jhm van Bergen T, Zillien C, Mj Ragas A, van Zelm R, Sm Jetten M, Jan Hendriks A, Welte CU. Predicting and improving the microbial removal of organic micropollutants during wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138908. [PMID: 37187378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (OMPs) consist of widely used chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides that can persist in surface and groundwaters at low concentrations (ng/L to μg/L) for a long time. The presence of OMPs in water can disrupt aquatic ecosystems and threaten the quality of drinking water sources. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) rely on microorganisms to remove major nutrients from water, but their effectiveness at removing OMPs varies. Low removal efficiency might be the result of low concentrations, inherent stable chemical structures of OMPs, or suboptimal conditions in WWTPs. In this review, we discuss these factors, with special emphasis on the ongoing adaptation of microorganisms to degrade OMPs. Finally, recommendations are drawn to improve the prediction of OMP removal in WWTPs and to optimize the design of new microbial treatment strategies. OMP removal seems to be concentration-, compound-, and process-dependent, which poses a great complexity to develop accurate prediction models and effective microbial processes targeting all OMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Rios-Miguel
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tamara Jhm van Bergen
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Caterina Zillien
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ad Mj Ragas
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalie van Zelm
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mike Sm Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia U Welte
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang L, Li A. Impact of zero-valent iron on nitrifying granular sludge for 17α-ethinylestradiol removal and its mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138904. [PMID: 37182710 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granulation of nitrifying activated sludge could enhance the removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) via abiotic nitration induced by reactive nitrogen species, cometabolism by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and biodegradation by heterotrophic bacteria. Zero-valent iron (ZVI), a promising and low-cost material, has previously been applied to effectively enhance biological wastewater treatment. The impact and the effect mechanism of ZVI on nitrifying granular sludge (NGS) for EE2 removal was investigated in this study. The results showed that the addition of ZVI achieved better EE2 removal, though ZVI was not conducive to the accumulation of nitrite in NGS which reduced the abiotic transformation of EE2. Moreover, ZVI enriched heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria such as Arenimonas, thus changing the EE2 removal pathway and improving the degradation and mineralization of EE2. In addition, ZVI reduced the emission risk of the greenhouse gas N2O and strengthened the stability of the granules. Metagenomic analysis further revealed that the functional genes related to EE2 mineralization, nitrite oxidation, N2O reduction and quorum sensing in NGS were enriched with ZVI addition. This study provides meaningful guidance for ZVI application in the NGS process to achieve efficient and simultaneous removal of ammonia and emerging contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin Research Institute of Water Transport Engineering, Tanggu, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Anjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu Y, Gu Y, Peng L, Wang N, Chen S, Liang C, Liu Y, Ni BJ. Unravelling ciprofloxacin removal in a nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor: Biodegradation mechanisms and pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 320:138099. [PMID: 36764613 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) have shown excellent antibiotic removal potentials, the information on underlying mechanisms is yet limited. This work assessed the removal of ciprofloxacin in an enriched nitrifying MBBR by clarifying the contribution of adsorption and microbial-induced biodegradation. Results demonstrated the considerable biomass adsorption (55%) in first 30 min. Limiting nitrite oxidizing bacteria growth or inhibiting nitrification would lead to lower adsorption capacities. The highest ciprofloxacin biodegradation rate constant was 0.082 L g SS-1 h-1 in the presence of ammonium, owing to ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB)-induced cometabolism, while heterotrophs played an insignificant role (∼9%) in ciprofloxacin biodegradation. The developed model also suggested the importance of AOB-induced cometabolism and metabolism over heterotrophs-induced biodegradation by analyzing the respective biodegradation coefficients. Cometabolic biodegradation pathways of ciprofloxacin mainly involved the piperazine ring cleavage, probably alleviating antimicrobial activities. It implies the feasibility of nitrifying biofilm systems towards efficient antibiotic removal from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Chuanzhou Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University of Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma B, LaPara TM, Kim T, Hozalski RM. Multi-scale Investigation of Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms in Biofilters Used for Drinking Water Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3833-3842. [PMID: 36811531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs) include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), archaea (AOA), and Nitrospira spp. sublineage II capable of complete ammonia oxidation (comammox). These organisms can affect water quality not only by oxidizing ammonia to nitrite (or nitrate) but also by cometabolically degrading trace organic contaminants. In this study, the abundance and composition of AOM communities were investigated in full-scale biofilters at 14 facilities across North America and in pilot-scale biofilters operated for 18 months at a full-scale water treatment plant. In general, the relative abundance of AOM in most full-scale biofilters and in the pilot-scale biofilters was as follows: AOB > comammox Nitrospira > AOA. The abundance of AOB in the pilot-scale biofilters increased with increasing influent ammonia concentration and decreasing temperature, whereas AOA and comammox Nitrospira exhibited no correlations with these parameters. The biofilters affected AOM abundance in the water passing through the filters via collecting and shedding but exhibited a minor influence on the composition of AOB and Nitrospira sublineage II communities in the filtrate. Overall, this study highlights the relative importance of AOB and comammox Nitrospira compared to AOA in biofilters and the influence of filter influent water quality on AOM in biofilters and their release into the filtrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ma
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy M LaPara
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Taegyu Kim
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Raymond M Hozalski
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peng W, Lin S, Deng Z, Liang R. Bioaugmentation removal and microbiome analysis of the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol from hostile conditions and environmental samples by Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137893. [PMID: 36690257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic estrogens are emerging environmental contaminants with great estrogenic activities and stable structures that are widespread in various ecological systems and significantly threaten the health of organisms. Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3 is reported to degrade the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) efficiently in laboratory conditions. In this work, the environmental adaptability, the EE2-degrading properties, and the ecological effects of P. citronellolis SJTE-3 under different hostile conditions (heavy metals and surfactants) and various natural environment samples (solid soil, lake water, and pig manure) were studied. Strain SJTE-3 can tolerate high concentrations of Zn2+ and Cr3+, but is relatively sensitive to Cu2+. Tween 80 of low concentration can significantly promote EE2 degradation by strain SJTE-3, different from the repressing effect of Triton X-100. High concentration of Tween 80 prolonged the lagging phase of EE2-degrading process, while the final EE2 removal efficiency was improved. More importantly, strain SJTE-3 can grow normally and degrade estrogen stably in various environmental samples. Inoculation of strain SJTE-3 removed the intrinsic synthetic and natural estrogens (EE2 and estrone) in lake water samples in 4 days, and eliminated over 90% of the amended 1 mg/L EE2 in 2 days. Bioaugmentation of strain SJTE-3 in EE2-supplied solid soil and pig manure samples achieved a removal rate of over 55% and 70% of 1 mg/kg EE2 within 2 weeks. Notably, the bioaugmentation of extrinsic strain SJTE-3 had a slight influence on indigenous bacterial community in pig manure samples, and its relative abundance decreased significantly after EE2 removal. Amendment of EE2 or strain SJTE-3 in manure samples enhanced the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, implying their potential in utilizing EE2 or its metabolites. These findings not only shed a light on the environment adaptability and degradation efficiency of strain SJTE-3, but also provide insights for bioremediation application in complex and synthetic estrogen polluted environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rubing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lei Y, Wagner T, Rijnaarts H, de Wilde V, Langenhoff A. The removal of micropollutants from treated effluent by batch-operated pilot-scale constructed wetlands. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 230:119494. [PMID: 36571965 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants (MPs), such as pharmaceuticals and antibiotics, are present in the environment at low concentrations (ng/L-μg/L). A constructed wetland (CW) is a nature-based wastewater treatment technology, which can be used to remove MPs from wastewater treatment plant effluent. This study aimed to improve MP removal of CWs by optimizing the design of batch-operated CW. Three pilot-scale CWs were built to study the effect of two design-features: the use of a support matrix (a mixture of bark and biochar) and continuous aeration. The use of bark-biochar as support matrix increased the removal of 11 of 12 studied MPs compared to the CW filled with conventional material sand. The highest improved removal by the addition of bark-biochar was more than 40% (median) for irbesartan, carbamazepine, hydrochlorothiazide and benzotriazole. Aerating the bed of the bark-biochar CW did not change MP removal. Besides, the presence of bark-biochar also enhanced the removal of total nitrogen during 10 months of operation, but no improvement was observed on the total organic carbon and total phosphorus removal. Considering the application in a batch-operated CW, MP removal can be greatly enhanced by replacing sand with bark-biochar that will act as MP adsorbing matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wagner
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Huub Rijnaarts
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vinnie de Wilde
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li MY, Zhang RD, Lin YX, Li QW, Zhao QY, Zhao ZX, Ling ZM, Shu LF, Zhang M, Hu LX, Shi YJ, Ying GG. Biotransformation of sulfamonomethoxine in a granular sludge system: Pathways and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137508. [PMID: 36493889 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The biotransformation of sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) was studied in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system to understand the role of sorption by microbial cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the role of functional microbe/enzyme biodegradation. Biodegradation played a more important role than adsorption, while microbial cells covered with tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) showed higher adsorption capacity than microbial cells themselves or microbial cells covered with both loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and TB-EPS. The binding tests between EPS and SMM and the spectroscopic analyses (3D-EEM, UV-Vis, and FTIR) were performed to obtain more information about the adsorption process. The data showed that SMM could interact with EPS by combining with aromatic protein compounds, fulvic acid-like substances, protein amide II, and nucleic acids. Batch tests with various substances showed that SMM removal rates were in an order of NH2OH (60.43 ± 2.21 μg/g SS) > NH4Cl (52.96 ± 0.30 μg/g SS) > NaNO3 (31.88 ± 1.20 μg/g SS) > NaNO2 (21.80 ± 0.42 μg/g SS). Hydroxylamine and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) favored SMM biotransformation and the hydroxylamine-mediated biotransformation of SMM was more effective than others. In addition, both ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and CYP450 were able to co-metabolize SMM. Analysis of UPLC-QTOF-MS indicated the biotransformation mechanisms, revealing that acetylation of arylamine, glucuronidation of sulfonamide, deamination, SO2 extrusion, and δ cleavage were the five major transformation pathways. The detection of TP202 in the hydroxylamine-fed Group C indicated a new biotransformation pathway through HAO. This study contributes to a better understanding of the biotransformation of SMM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Li
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Run-Dong Zhang
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi-Xing Lin
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qi-Wen Li
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Zhao
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zong-Xi Zhao
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Ling
- National Center for Wetland Park Management and Conservation, Cuiheng, Zhongshan, 528437, China
| | - Long-Fei Shu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Zhang
- The Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou, 510610, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yi-Jing Shi
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sauter D, Steuer A, Wasmund K, Hausmann B, Szewzyk U, Sperlich A, Gnirss R, Cooper M, Wintgens T. Microbial communities and processes in biofilters for post-treatment of ozonated wastewater treatment plant effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159265. [PMID: 36206900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation is an established solution for organic micropollutant (OMP) abatement in tertiary wastewater treatment. Biofiltration is the most common process for the biological post-treatment step, which is generally required to remove undesired oxidation products from the reaction of ozone with water matrix compounds. This study comparatively investigates the effect of filter media on the removal of organic contaminants and on biofilm properties for biologically activated carbon (BAC) and anthracite biofilters. Biofilms were analysed in two pilot-scale filters that have been operated for >50,000 bed volumes as post-treatment for ozonated wastewater treatment plant effluent. In parallel, the removal performance of bulk organics and OMP, including differentiation of adsorption and biotransformation through sodium azide inhibition, were carried out in bench-scale filter columns filled with material from the pilot filters. The use of BAC instead of anthracite resulted in an improved removal of organic bulk parameters, dissolved oxygen, and OMP. The OMP removal observed in the BAC filter but not in the anthracite filter was based on adsorption for most of the investigated compounds. For valsartan, however, biotransformation was found to be the dominant pathway, indicating that conditions for biotransformation of certain OMP are better on BAC than on anthracite. Adenosine triphosphate analyses in the media-attached biofilms of the pilot filters showed that biomass concentrations in the BAC filter were significantly higher than in the anthracite filter. The microbial communities (16S rRNA gene sequencing) appeared to be similar with respect to the types of organisms occurring on both filter materials. Alpha diversity also exhibited little variation between filter media. Beta diversity analysis, however, revealed that filter media and bed depth substantially influenced the biofilm composition. In practice, the impact of filter media on biofilm properties and biotransformation processes should be considered for the design of biofilters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sauter
- Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Neue Juedenstr. 1, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Steuer
- Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenneth Wasmund
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; School of Biological Science, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry I St, PO12DY Portsmouth, UK
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Szewzyk
- Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Regina Gnirss
- Berliner Wasserbetriebe, Neue Juedenstr. 1, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| | - Myriel Cooper
- Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Wintgens
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Str. 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; School of Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vega MAP, Scholes RC, Brady AR, Daly RA, Narrowe AB, Bosworth LB, Wrighton KC, Sedlak DL, Sharp JO. Pharmaceutical Biotransformation is Influenced by Photosynthesis and Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in a Benthic Wetland Biomat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14462-14477. [PMID: 36197061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In shallow, open-water engineered wetlands, design parameters select for a photosynthetic microbial biomat capable of robust pharmaceutical biotransformation, yet the contributions of specific microbial processes remain unclear. Here, we combined genome-resolved metatranscriptomics and oxygen profiling of a field-scale biomat to inform laboratory inhibition microcosms amended with a suite of pharmaceuticals. Our analyses revealed a dynamic surficial layer harboring oxic-anoxic cycling and simultaneous photosynthetic, nitrifying, and denitrifying microbial transcription spanning nine bacterial phyla, with unbinned eukaryotic scaffolds suggesting a dominance of diatoms. In the laboratory, photosynthesis, nitrification, and denitrification were broadly decoupled by incubating oxic and anoxic microcosms in the presence and absence of light and nitrogen cycling enzyme inhibitors. Through combining microcosm inhibition data with field-scale metagenomics, we inferred microbial clades responsible for biotransformation associated with membrane-bound nitrate reductase activity (emtricitabine, trimethoprim, and atenolol), nitrous oxide reduction (trimethoprim), ammonium oxidation (trimethoprim and emtricitabine), and photosynthesis (metoprolol). Monitoring of transformation products of atenolol and emtricitabine confirmed that inhibition was specific to biotransformation and highlighted the value of oscillating redox environments for the further transformation of atenolol acid. Our findings shed light on microbial processes contributing to pharmaceutical biotransformation in open-water wetlands with implications for similar nature-based treatment systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A P Vega
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
| | - Rachel C Scholes
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Adam R Brady
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
| | - Rebecca A Daly
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Adrienne B Narrowe
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Lily B Bosworth
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kelly C Wrighton
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David L Sedlak
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan O Sharp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Reinventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), https://www.renuwit.org
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheng Z, Ren D, Yang S, Qiao L, Liu Y, Huang X. Simultaneous elimination of antibiotics and antibiotics resistance genes in nitritation of source-separated urine. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129369. [PMID: 35897182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics in human urine could accelerate dissemination of antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs), posing potential threat to sewage. The nitritation of source-separated urine was a critical step to realize the urine resourcelization and nitrogen stabilization. However, the synergic control on antibiotics and ARGs during urine nitritation was unrevealed. This study investigated the removal profiles of five typical antibiotics and the shifts of microbial community and ARGs during stable nitritation. The result showed that sulfamethoxazole and roxithromycin were effectively eliminated with high removal efficiency of (95 ± 5) % and (90 ± 10) %, followed by enrofloxacin with removal efficiency of (60 ± 5) %, whereas trimethoprim and chloramphenicol showed low removal efficiency of less than 40 %. Ammonia oxidation bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria equally contributed to elimination of sulfamethoxazole with a high biodegradation rate of 0.1534 L/gVSS·h, while sorption and biodegradation jointly promoted other antibiotics removal. The total relative abundance of top 25 bacteria genera was decreased by 10 %. The total relative abundance of top 30 ARGs was decreased by more than 20 %, which was corresponding to the variation of bacterial community. The findings in this research would get a deeper insight into the eliminating antibiotics and controlling ARGs dissemination during nitritation of source-separated urine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Cheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Daheng Ren
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Shaolin Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Longkai Qiao
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao J, Fang S, Qi W, Liu H, Qu J. Do NH 4+-N and AOB affect atenolol removal during simulated riverbank filtration? CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134653. [PMID: 35447203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation is regarding as the most important organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) removal mechanism during riverbank filtration (RBF), but the OMPs co-metabolism mechanism and the role of NH4+-N during this process are not well understood. Here, we selected atenolol as a typical OMP to explore the effect of NH4+-N concentration on atenolol removal and the role of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in atenolol biodegradation. The results showed that RBF is an effective barrier for atenolol mainly by biodegradation and adsorption. The ratio of biodegradation and adsorption to atenolol removal was dependent on atenolol concentration. Specifically, atenolol with low concentration (500 ng/L) is almost completely removed by adsorption, while atenolol with higher concentration (100 μg/L) is removed by biodegradation (51.7%) and adsorption (30.8%). Long-term difference in influent NH4+-N concentrations did not show significant impact on atenolol (500 ng/L) removal, which was mainly dominated by adsorption. Besides, AOB enhanced the removal of atenolol (100 μg/L) as biodegradation played a more crucial role in removing atenolol under this concentration. Both AOB and heterotrophic bacteria can degrade atenolol during RBF, but the degree of AOB's contribution may be related to the concentration of atenolol exposure. The main reactions occurred during atenolol biodegradation possibly includes primary amide hydrolysis, hydroxylation and secondary amine depropylation. About 90% of the bio-transformed atenolol was produced as atenolol acid. AOB could transform atenolol to atenolol acid by inducing primary amide hydrolysis but failed to degrade atenolol acid further under the conditions of this paper. This study provides novel insights regarding the roles played by AOB in OMPs biotransformation during RBF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shangbiao Fang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Peng W, Fu Y, Jia B, Sun X, Wang Y, Deng Z, Lin S, Liang R. Metabolism analysis of 17α-ethynylestradiol by Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3 and identification of the functional genes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127045. [PMID: 34488099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic estrogens are the most hazardous and persistent environmental estrogenic contaminants, with few reports on their biodegradation. Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3 degraded natural steroids efficiently and metabolized 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) with the addition of different easily used energy sources (glucose, peptone, ethanol, yeast extract, fulvic acid and ammonia). Over 92% of EE2 (1 mg/L) and 55% of EE2 (10 mg/L) in culture were removed in seven days with the addition of 0.1% ethanol, and the EE2-biotransforming efficiency increased with the increasing ethanol concentrations. Two novel intermediate metabolites of EE2 (C22H22O and C18H34O2) were identified with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and GC-Orbitrap/MS. Comparative analysis and genome mining revealed strain SJTE-3 contained a unique genetic basis for EE2 metabolism, and the putative EE2-degrading genes exhibited dispersed distribution. The EE2 metabolism of strain SJTE-3 was inducible and the transcription of eight genes were significantly induced by EE2. Three genes (sdr3, yjcH and cyp2) encoding a short-chain dehydrogenase, a membrane transporter and a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase, respectively, were vital for EE2 metabolism in strain SJTE-3; their over-expression accelerated EE2 metabolic processes and advanced the generation of intermediate metabolites. This work could promote the study of bacterial EE2 metabolism mechanisms and facilitate efficient bioremediation for EE2 pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yali Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ben Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rubing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dos Santos CR, Lebron YAR, Moreira VR, Koch K, Amaral MCS. Biodegradability, environmental risk assessment and ecological footprint in wastewater technologies for pharmaceutically active compounds removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126150. [PMID: 34678454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) by wastewater treatment technologies due to the risk that these compounds pose to the environment. In this sense, advanced biological processes have been developed for micropollutants removal, such as membrane bioreactors and moving bed biofilm reactors. Thus, this review holistically evaluated the biodegradation of 18 environmentally hazardous PhACs. Biological processes were assessed including removal efficiencies, environmental risk, and ecological footprint (consumption of resources and energy, atmospheric emissions, and waste generation). The maximum concentration of PhACs for a low or negligible risk scenario in treated wastewater and the potential of biological processes to meet this goal were assessed. Among the evaluated PhACs, the most biodegradable was paracetamol, while the most recalcitrant was diclofenac. Combination of conventional processes and advanced biological processes proved to be the most efficient way to remove several PhACs, mainly the osmotic membrane bioreactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Yuri Abner Rocha Lebron
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Rezende Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Konrad Koch
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 385748 Garching, Germany
| | - Míriam Cristina Santos Amaral
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kennes-Veiga DM, Gónzalez-Gil L, Carballa M, Lema JM. Enzymatic cometabolic biotransformation of organic micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126291. [PMID: 34752884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation of trace-level organic micropollutants (OMPs) by complex microbial communities in wastewater treatment facilities is a key process for their detoxification and environmental impact reduction. Therefore, understanding the metabolic activities and mechanisms that contribute to their biotransformation is essential when developing approaches aiming to minimize their discharge. This review addresses the relevance of cometabolic processes and discusses the main enzymatic activities currently known to take part in OMPs removal under different redox environments in the compartments of wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, the most common methodologies to decipher such enzymes are discussed, including the use of in vitro enzyme assays, enzymatic inhibitors, the analysis of transformation products and the application of several -omic techniques. Finally, perspectives on major challenges and future research requirements to improve OMPs biotransformation are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Kennes-Veiga
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Lorena Gónzalez-Gil
- Defence University Centre, Spanish Naval Academy, Plaza de España, 36920 Marín, Spain
| | - Marta Carballa
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang L, Liu Z, Jiang X, Li A. Aerobic granulation of nitrifying activated sludge enhanced removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149546. [PMID: 34438142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The positive correlation between the nitrification activity of activated sludge and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) removal has been widely reported. However, up to now the effect of the granulation of nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) on EE2 removal has not been determined. In this study, nitrifying granular sludge (NGS) exhibited more effective EE2 removal efficiency with 3.705 μgEE2∙(gMLSS∙h)-1 in a sequential batch reactor (SBR). Through the artificial neural network (ANN) model and Spearman correlation analysis, nitrite accumulation was demonstrated to be the key factor affecting EE2 removal. Notably, under the same aeration condition (0.15 L/min), nitrite accumulation was more easily achieved in NGS because of its dense structure. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing suggested that EE2 could strongly influence the microbial communities of NAS and NGS. NGS exhibited an increase in community diversity and richness, but NAS exhibited a decrease. In addition, the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) decreased considerably in both NAS and NGS, whereas the expression of amoA and nirK genes in Nitrosomonas was upregulated. It was suggested that Nitrosomonas was forced to regulate its gene expression to resist the negative effects of EE2. Denitrifying bacteria, such as Comamonas, were enriched in both NAS and NGS, and there were more species of heterotrophs that can degrade micropollutants in NGS with exposure to EE2. The transformation pathways of EE2 were uniform in NAS and NGS. Ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) in AOB directly biotransformed EE2 while reactive species produced by AOB chemically transformed EE2. Heterotrophs degraded EE2 and its transformation products (TPs) generated by AOB. According to TPs and microbial structure, NGS exhibited better performance than NAS regarding the collaborative removal of EE2 by AOB and heterotrophs. These results provide important information for the development and application of NGS to treat wastewater containing estrogen and high-strength ammonium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Anjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao HN, Tian Z, Kim KE, Wang R, Lam K, Kolodziej EP. Biotransformation of Current-Use Progestin Dienogest and Drospirenone in Laboratory-Scale Activated Sludge Systems Forms High-Yield Products with Altered Endocrine Activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:13869-13880. [PMID: 34582191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dienogest (DIE) and drospirenone (DRO) are two fourth-generation synthetic progestins widely used as oral contraceptives. Despite their increasing detection in wastewaters and surface waters, their fate during biological wastewater treatment is unclear. Here, we investigated DIE and DRO biotransformation with representative activated sludge batch incubations and identified relevant transformation products (TPs) using high-resolution mass spectrometry. DIE exhibited slow biotransformation (16-30 h half-life) and proceeded through a quantitative aromatic dehydrogenation to form TP 309 (molar yields of ∼55%), an aromatic TP ∼30% estrogenic as 17β-estradiol. DRO experienced more rapid biotransformation (<0.5 h half-life), and 1,2-dehydrogenation formed the major TP 364 (molar yields of ∼40%), an antimineralocorticoid drug candidate named as spirorenone. Lactone ring hydrolysis was another important biotransformation pathway for DRO (molar yields of ∼20%) and generated pharmacologically inactive TP 384. Other minor pathways for DIE and DRO included hydroxylation, methoxylation, and 3-keto and C4(5) double-bond hydrogenation; distinct bioactivities are plausible for such TPs, including antigestagenic activity, antigonadotropic activity, and pregnancy inhibition effects. Thus, biotransformation products of DIE and DRO during wastewater treatment should be considered in environmental assessments of synthetic progestins, especially certain TPs such as the estrogenic TP 309 of DIE and the antimineralocorticoid spirorenone (TP 364) of DRO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Nina Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Center for Urban Waters, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
| | - Zhenyu Tian
- Center for Urban Waters, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
| | - Kelly E Kim
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Center for Urban Waters, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
| | - Kenji Lam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Edward P Kolodziej
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Center for Urban Waters, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington 98421, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pharmaceutical Compounds in Aquatic Environments-Occurrence, Fate and Bioremediation Prospective. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100257. [PMID: 34678953 PMCID: PMC8537644 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been detected in different ecosystems, posing a threat to living organisms and the environment. Pharmaceuticals are among the many CECs that enter the environment through different pathways, with wastewater treatment plants being the main input of these pollutants. Several technologies for the removal of these pollutants have been developed through the years, but there is still a lack of sustainable technologies suitable for being applied in natural environments. In this regard, solutions based on natural biological processes are attractive for the recovery of contaminated environments. Bioremediation is one of these natural-based solutions and takes advantage of the capacity of microorganisms to degrade different organic pollutants. Degradation of pollutants by native microorganisms is already known to be an important detoxification mechanism that is involved in natural attenuation processes that occur in the environment. Thus, bioremediation technologies based on the selection of natural degrading bacteria seem to be a promising clean-up technology suitable for application in natural environments. In this review, an overview of the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals is carried out, in which bioremediation tools are explored for the removal of these pollutants from impacted environments.
Collapse
|
24
|
Chalifour A, Walser JC, Pomati F, Fenner K. Temperature, phytoplankton density and bacteria diversity drive the biotransformation of micropollutants in a lake ecosystem. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117412. [PMID: 34303164 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For most micropollutants (MPs) present in surface waters, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, the contribution of biotransformation to their overall removal from lake ecosystems is largely unknown. This study aims at empirically determining the biotransformation rate constants for 35 MPs at different periods of the year and depths of a meso-eutrophic lake. We then tested statistically the association of environmental parameters and microbial community composition with the biotransformation rate constants obtained. Biotransformation was observed for 14 out of 35 studied MPs for at least one sampling time. Large variations in biotransformation rate constants were observed over the seasons and between compounds. Overall, the transformation of MPs was mostly influenced by the lake's temperature, phytoplankton density and bacterial diversity. However, some individual MPs were not following the general trend or association with microorganism biomass. The antidepressant mianserin, for instance, was transformed in all experiments and depths, but did not show any relationship with measured environmental parameters, suggesting the importance of specific microorganisms in its transformation. The results presented here contribute to our understanding of the fate of MPs in surface waters and thus support improved risk assessment of contaminants in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Chalifour
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Claude Walser
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Genetic Diversity Centre, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Pomati
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Fenner
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Ji XM, Jin RC. How anammox responds to the emerging contaminants: Status and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112906. [PMID: 34087646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous researches have been carried out to study the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater, such as antibiotics, nanomaterials, heavy metals, and microplastics, on the anammox process. However, they are fragmented and difficult to provide a comprehensive understanding of their effects on reactor performance and the metabolic mechanisms in anammox bacteria. Therefore, this paper overviews the effects on anammox processes by the introduced emerging contaminants in the past years to fulfill such knowledge gaps that affect our perception of the inhibitory mechanisms and limit the optimization of the anammox process. In detail, their effects on anammox processes from the aspects of reactor performance, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and functional genes related to anammox and nitrogen transformation in anammox consortia are summarized. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanisms causing the cell death of anammox bacteria, such as induction of reactive oxygen species, limitation of substrates diffusion, and membrane binding are proposed. By offering this review, the remaining research gaps are identified, and the potential metabolic mechanisms in anammox consortia are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ji
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wolff D, Helmholz L, Castronovo S, Ghattas AK, Ternes TA, Wick A. Micropollutant transformation and taxonomic composition in hybrid MBBR - A comparison of carrier-attached biofilm and suspended sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117441. [PMID: 34343873 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The suspended sludge and carrier-attached biofilms of three different hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) systems were investigated with respect to their transformation potential for a broad range of micropollutants (MPs) as well as their microbial community composition. For this purpose, laboratory-scale batch experiments were conducted with the separated suspended sludge and the carrier-attached biofilm of every system in triplicate. For all batches the removal of 31 MPs as well as the composition of the microbial community were analyzed. The carrier-attached biofilms from two hybrid MBBR systems showed a significant higher overall transformation potential in comparison to the respective suspended sludge. Especially for the MPs trimethoprim, diclofenac, mecoprop, climbazole and the human metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxycarbamazepine consistently higher pseudo-first-order transformation rates could be observed in all three systems. The analysis of the taxonomic composition revealed taxa showing higher relative abundances in the carrier-attached biofilms (e. g. Nitrospirae and Chloroflexi) and in the suspended biomasses (e. g. Bacteroidetes and Betaproteobacteria). Correlations of the biodiversity indices and the MP biotransformation rates resulted in significant positive associations for 11 compounds in suspended sludge, but mostly negative associations for the carrier-attached biofilms. The distinct differences in MP removal between suspended sludge and carrier-attached biofilm of the three different MBBR systems were also reflected by a statistically significant link between the occurrence of specific bacterial taxa (Acidibacter, Nitrospira and Rhizomicrobium) and MP transformation rates of certain MPs. Even though the identified correlations might not necessarily be of causal nature, some of the identified taxa might serve as suitable indicators for the transformation potential of suspended sludge or carrier-attached biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Wolff
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Lissa Helmholz
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Sandro Castronovo
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Ghattas
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kennes-Veiga DM, Vogler B, Fenner K, Carballa M, Lema JM. Heterotrophic enzymatic biotransformations of organic micropollutants in activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146564. [PMID: 33774287 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While heterotrophic microorganisms constitute the major fraction of activated sludge biomass, the role of heterotrophs in the biotransformation of organic micropollutants (OMPs) has not been fully elucidated. Yet, such knowledge is essential, particularly when conceiving novel wastewater treatment plants based on a two-stage process including an A-stage under heterotrophic conditions and a B-stage based on anammox activity. Biotransformation of OMPs in activated sludge is thought to mostly occur cometabolically thanks to the action of low specificity enzymes involved in the metabolism of the primary substrates. For a better understanding of the process, it is important to determine such enzymatic activities and the underlying mechanisms involved in OMPs biotransformation. This task has proven to be difficult due to the lack of information about the enzymatic processes and the complexity of the biological systems present in activated sludge. In this paper, a continuous aerobic heterotrophic reactor following 20 OMPs at environmental concentrations was operated to (i) assess the potential of heterotrophs during the cometabolic biotransformation of OMPs, (ii) identify biotransformation reactions catalyzed by aerobic heterotrophs and (iii) predict possible heterotrophic enzymatic activities responsible for such biotransformations. Contradicting previous reports on the dominant role of nitrifiers in OMPs removal during activated sludge treatment, the heterotrophic population proved its capacity to biotransform the OMPs to extents equivalent to reported values in nitrifying activated sludge plants. Besides, 12 transformation products potentially formed through the activity of several enzymes present in heterotrophs, including monooxygenases, dioxygenases, hydrolases and transferases, were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Kennes-Veiga
- Cretus Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Bernadette Vogler
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Fenner
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marta Carballa
- Cretus Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- Cretus Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sheng Q, Yi M, Men Y, Lu H. Cometabolism of 17α-ethynylestradiol by nitrifying bacteria depends on reducing power availability and leads to elevated nitric oxide formation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106528. [PMID: 33774495 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is a priority emerging contaminant (EC) in diverse environments that can be cometabolized by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, its transformation kinetics and the underlying molecular mechanism are unclear. In this study, kinetic parameters, including maximum specific EE2 transformation rate, EE2 half-saturation coefficient, and EE2transformation capacity of AOBwere obtained by using the model AOB strain, Nitrosomonas europaea 19718. The relationship between EE2 cometabolism and ammonia oxidation was divided into three phases according to reducing power availability, namely "activation", "coupling", and "saturation". Specifically, there was a universal lag of EE2 transformation after ammonia oxidation was initiated, suggesting that sufficient reducing power (approximately 0.95 ± 0.06 mol NADH/L) was required to activate EE2 cometabolism. Interestingly, nitric oxide emission increased by 12 ± 2% during EE2 cometabolism, along with significantly upregulated nirK cluster genes. The findings are of importance to understanding the cometabolic behavior and mechanism of EE2 in natural and engineered environments. Maintaining relatively high and stable reducing power supply from ammonia oxidation can potentially improve the cometabolic removal of EE2 and other ECs during wastewater nitrification processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yujie Men
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Huijie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Espinosa-Ortiz EJ, Rene ER, Gerlach R. Potential use of fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of organic pollutants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:361-383. [PMID: 34325585 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and bacteria coexist in a wide variety of natural and artificial environments which can lead to their association and interaction - ranging from antagonism to cooperation - that can affect the survival, colonization, spatial distribution and stress resistance of the interacting partners. The use of polymicrobial cultivation approaches has facilitated a more thorough understanding of microbial dynamics in mixed microbial communities, such as those composed of fungi and bacteria, and their influence on ecosystem functions. Mixed (multi-domain) microbial communities exhibit unique associations and interactions that could result in more efficient systems for the degradation and removal of organic pollutants. Several previous studies have reported enhanced biodegradation of certain pollutants when using combined fungal-bacterial treatments compared to pure cultures or communities of either fungi or bacteria (single domain systems). This article reviews: (i) the mechanisms of pollutant degradation that can occur in fungal-bacterial systems (e.g.: co-degradation, production of secondary metabolites, enhancement of degradative enzyme production, and transport of bacteria by fungal mycelia); (ii) case studies using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of various organic pollutants (synthetic dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and other trace or volatile organic compounds) in different environmental matrices (e.g. water, gas/vapors, soil); (iii) the key aspects of engineering artificial fungal-bacterial co-cultures, and (iv) the current challenges and future perspectives of using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Espinosa-Ortiz
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2601DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Gerlach
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ma Y, Yuan PK, Wu Y, Cheng XY, Meng H, He H, Wang GX, Chen XM, Xie WM, Zhang LM. The inhibitory effect of in situ extracellular polymeric substances on trimethoprim adsorption by activated sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129798. [PMID: 33540314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of activated sludge are a mixture of high molecular weight polymers secreted by microorganisms, which are mainly composed of proteins, polysaccharides and humic substances. It is widely accepted that EPS have a good adsorption ability for pollutants with different functional groups. However, recent studies showed the EPS had an inhibitory effect on pollutant sorption, which is contradictory to previous viewpoint. Therefore, in this study, three types of activated sludge with different EPS contents and compositions were used to investigate the role of EPS in an antibiotic-trimethoprim (TMP) sorption process at environmentally relevant concentration. The in situ experiments results showed the adsorption capacity of activated sludge for TMP were increased from 2.98, 5.37 and 28.33 μg/g VSS to 7.87, 12.93 and 150.24 μg/g VSS in nitrifying activated sludge, wastewater treatment plant activated sludge and anaerobic ammonia-oxidized activated sludge, respectively after EPS extracted. The adsorption process can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Results of zeta potential, contact angles and infrared spectrum showed TMP replacing proteins embedded into the cell membrane enhancing the TMP adsorption capacity of activated sludge after EPS extraction. Our results demonstrated that less proteins in EPS of activated sludge is more beneficial for TMP adsorption removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Ma
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Pei-Kun Yuan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Ying Cheng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xue-Ming Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Wen-Ming Xie
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sengar A, Vijayanandan A. Comprehensive review on iodinated X-ray contrast media: Complete fate, occurrence, and formation of disinfection byproducts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144846. [PMID: 33736235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are drugs which are used in medical examinations for organ imaging purposes. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have shown incapability to remove ICM, and as a consequence, ICM and their transformation products (TPs) have been detected in environmental waters. ICM show limited biotransformation and low sorption potential. ICM can act as iodine source and can react with commonly used disinfectants such as chlorine in presence of organic matter to yield iodinated disinfection byproducts (IDBPs) which are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than conventionally known disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Even highly efficient advanced treatment systems have failed to completely mineralize ICM, and TPs that are more toxic than parent ICM are produced. This raises issues regarding the efficacy of existing treatment technologies and serious concern over disinfection of ICM containing waters. Realizing this, the current review aims to capture the attention of scientific community on areas of less focus. The review features in depth knowledge regarding complete environmental fate of ICM along with their existing treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arya Vijayanandan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Louros VL, Lima DLD, Leitão JH, Esteves VI, Nadais HGA. Impact of UASB reactors operation mode on the removal of estrone and 17α-ethinylestradiol from wastewaters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:144291. [PMID: 33401048 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to compare the performance of the continuous operation (CO) and intermittent operation (IO) of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors for the removal of estrone (E1) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) from wastewaters. Results suggest that the IO contribute to the improvement of the overall removal of estrogens (above 95% for E1 and EE2) when compared to CO (49% for E1 and 39% for EE2). For both CO and IO, biodegradation was the main removal mechanism for E1, while for EE2, adsorption to sludge was the major removal pathway. Moreover, a higher biodegradation of estrogens was obtained with the IO compared to CO (69.4% vs. 43.3% for E1 and 21.8% vs. 8.0% for EE2). The favourable effect of IO can be justified by effluent recirculation during the feedless period which promotes the adaptation of microbial biomass to estrogens' biodegradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitória L Louros
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana L D Lima
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge H Leitão
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena G A Nadais
- CESAM, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Castellanos RM, Bassin JP, Bila DM, Dezotti M. Biodegradation of natural and synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals by aerobic granular sludge reactor: Evaluating estrogenic activity and estrogens fate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116551. [PMID: 33529898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) (namely the natural and synthetic estrogens 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), respectively) was assessed in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating simulated domestic sewage. To better understand the fate of these compounds, their concentrations were determined in both liquid and solid (biomass) samples. Throughout the operation of the reactor, subjected to alternating anaerobic and aerated conditions, the removal of the hormones, both present in the influent at a concentration of 20 μg L-1, amounted to 99% (for E2) and 93% (for EE2), with the latter showing higher resistance to biodegradation. Through yeast estrogen screen assays, an average moderate residual estrogenic activity (0.09 μg L-1 EQ-E2) was found in the samples analysed. E2 and EE2 profiles over the SBR cycle suggest a rapid initial adsorption of these compounds on the granular biomass occurring anaerobically, followed by biodegradation under aeration. A possible sequence of steps for the removal of the micropollutants, including the key microbial players, was proposed. Besides the good capability of the AGS on EDCs removal, the results revealed high removal efficiencies (>90%) of COD, ammonium and phosphate. Most of the incoming organics (>80%) were consumed under anaerobic conditions, when phosphate was released (75.2 mgP L-1). Nitrification and phosphate uptake took place along the aeration phase, with effluent ammonium and phosphate levels around 2 mg L-1. Although nitrite accumulation took place over the cycle, nitrate consisted of the main oxidized nitrogen form in the effluent. The specific ammonium and phosphate uptake rates attained in the SBR were found to be 3.3 mgNH4+-N gVSS-1.h-1 and 6.7 mgPO43--P gVSS-1 h-1, respectively, while the specific denitrification rate corresponded to 1.0 mgNOx--N gVSS-1 h-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reynel Martínez Castellanos
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João P Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Daniele M Bila
- Department of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Márcia Dezotti
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68502, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Qian Y, Jia X, Ding T, Yang M, Yang B, Li J. Occurrence and removal of bisphenol analogues in wastewater treatment plants and activated sludge bioreactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143606. [PMID: 33243517 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and removal of ten bisphenol analogues (BPs) in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and laboratory scale activated sludge bioreactor (ASBR) were studied. All targeted BPs except for tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) were detected in the four WWTPs (W1, W2, W3 and W4) in the ng/L and ng/g dry weight range in wastewater and activated sludge, respectively, indicating that in addition to BPA, the BPA substitutes were widely used in our daily life and industrial production. Discrepant results regarding the removal efficiencies of BPs by different wastewater treatment processes were obtained. The removal rates were 55.6%, 24.4%, -10.1%, 71.4%, 38.9%, 58.0%, 39.1% and 6.4% in W1, 65.4%, 32.8%, 44.7, -13.5%, 20.1%, -29.6%, -25.1% and 99.4% in W2, 11.6%, 48.8%, 38.9%, 22.0%, 99.0%, -29.2%, -56.5% and 32.6% in W3, 33.9%, 30.5%, 17.4%, -47.6%, 62.9%, 83.0%, 4.4% and -4.3% in W4, for BPA, BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, BPZ, BPAF and BPAP, respectively. The removal of ten targeted BPs in lab-scale continuous flow conventional ASBR and the key factors were investigated. The simulated laboratory-scale ASBR were highly effective in removing BPA, BPB, BPE, BPF, BPM and BPS with removal efficiencies of >94.3%, while BPZ, BPAP, BPAF and TCBPA were recalcitrant to elimination in the stimulated bioreactor with removal efficiencies of 71.3 ± 13.7%, 55.1 ± 21.2%, 47.4 ± 9.5% and 45.3 ± 16.6%, respectively. Protonation, hydrophobicity and molecular features of BPs were critical for their elimination in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Qian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaofan Jia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tengda Ding
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mengting Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Juying Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Su Q, Schittich AR, Jensen MM, Ng H, Smets BF. Role of Ammonia Oxidation in Organic Micropollutant Transformation during Wastewater Treatment: Insights from Molecular, Cellular, and Community Level Observations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2173-2188. [PMID: 33543927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic micropollutants (OMPs) are a threat to aquatic environments, and wastewater treatment plants may act as a source or a barrier of OMPs entering the environment. Understanding the fate of OMPs in wastewater treatment processes is needed to establish efficient OMP removal strategies. Enhanced OMP biotransformation has been documented during biological nitrogen removal and has been attributed to the cometabolic activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and, specifically, to the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) enzyme. Yet, the exact mechanisms of OMP biotransformation are often unknown. This critical review aims to fundamentally and quantitatively evaluate the role of ammonia oxidation in OMP biotransformation during wastewater treatment processes. OMPs can be transformed by AOB via direct and indirect enzymatic reactions: AMO directly transforms OMPs primarily via hydroxylation, while biologically produced reactive nitrogen species (hydroxylamine (NH2OH), nitrite (NO2-), and nitric oxide (NO)) can chemically transform OMPs through nitration, hydroxylation, and deamination and can contribute significantly to the observed OMP transformations. OMPs containing alkyl, aliphatic hydroxyl, ether, and sulfide functional groups as well as substituted aromatic rings and aromatic primary amines can be biotransformed by AMO, while OMPs containing alkyl groups, phenols, secondary amines, and aromatic primary amines can undergo abiotic transformations mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Higher OMP biotransformation efficiencies and rates are obtained in AOB-dominant microbial communities, especially in autotrophic reactors performing nitrification or nitritation, than in non-AOB-dominant microbial communities. The biotransformations of OMPs in wastewater treatment systems can often be linked to ammonium (NH4+) removal following two central lines of evidence: (i) Similar transformation products (i.e., hydroxylated, nitrated, and desaminated TPs) are detected in wastewater treatment systems as in AOB pure cultures. (ii) Consistency in OMP biotransformation (rbio, μmol/g VSS/d) to NH4+ removal (rNH4+, mol/g VSS/d) rate ratios (rbio/rNH4+) is observed for individual OMPs across different systems with similar rNH4+ and AOB abundances. In this review, we conclude that AOB are the main drivers of OMP biotransformation during wastewater treatment processes. The importance of biologically driven abiotic OMP transformation is quantitatively assessed, and functional groups susceptible to transformations by AMO and reactive nitrogen species are systematically classified. This critical review will improve the prediction of OMP transformation and facilitate the design of efficient OMP removal strategies during wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxian Su
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna-Ricarda Schittich
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marlene Mark Jensen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Howyong Ng
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tang K, Rosborg P, Rasmussen ES, Hambly A, Madsen M, Jensen NM, Hansen AA, Sund C, Andersen HG, Torresi E, Kragelund C, Andersen HR. Impact of intermittent feeding on polishing of micropollutants by moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123536. [PMID: 32823027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) were placed at two wastewater treatment plants, where they were constantly fed with effluent and intermittently fed with primary wastewater. Each reactor was subjected to different feast/famine periods and flow rates of primary wastewater, thus the different organic and nutrient loads (chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonium(NH4-N)) resulted in different feast-famine conditions applied to the biomass. In batch experiments, this study investigated the effects of various feast-famine conditions on the biodegradation of micropollutants by MBBRs applied as an effluent polishing step. Rate constants of micropollutant removals were found to be positively correlated to the load of the total COD and NH4-N, indicating that higher organic loads were favourable for the growth of micropollutant degraders in these MBBRs. Rate constant of atenolol was five times higher when the biomass was fed with the highest COD and NH4-N load than it was fed with the lowest COD and NH4-N load. For diclofenac, mycophenolic acid and iohexol, their maximum rate constants were obtained with feeding of COD and NH4-N of approximately 570 mgCOD/d and 40∼60 mgNH4-N/d respectively. This also supports the concept that co-metabolism (rather competition inhibition or catabolic repression) plays an important role in micropollutants biodegradation in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Peter Rosborg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Danish Technological Institute, Kongsvang Allé 29, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark
| | - Emma S Rasmussen
- Department of Bioscoence-Microbiology, Århus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Adam Hambly
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Aviaja A Hansen
- Veolia Water Technologies, Haslegårdsvænger 18, 8210 Århus V, Denmark
| | - Christina Sund
- Veolia Water Technologies, Haslegårdsvænger 18, 8210 Århus V, Denmark
| | - Heidi G Andersen
- Veolia Water Technologies, Haslegårdsvænger 18, 8210 Århus V, Denmark
| | - Elena Torresi
- AnoxKaldnes Technology, Klosterängsvägen 11A, 226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Kragelund
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Danish Technological Institute, Kongsvang Allé 29, DK-8000 Århus C, Denmark
| | - Henrik R Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kennes-Veiga DM, Gonzalez-Gil L, Carballa M, Lema JM. The organic loading rate affects organic micropollutants' cometabolic biotransformation kinetics under heterotrophic conditions in activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116587. [PMID: 33188990 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that organic micropollutants (OMPs) are biotransformed cometabolically in activated sludge systems. However, the individual role of heterotrophs in the microbial consortium is still not clear, i.e., there is still a gap regarding the influence of the heterotrophic activity on the cometabolic biotransformation kinetics and yield of the OMPs. Aiming to answer these questions, experiments with increasing primary substrate concentrations were performed under aerobic heterotrophic conditions in a continuous stirred tank reactor operated at several organic loading rates (OLR) with fixed hydraulic retention time. Moreover, the individual kinetic parameters were determined in batch assays with different initial substrate concentrations using the sludges from the continuous reactor. A set of 15 OMPs displaying a variety of physicochemical properties were spiked to the feeding in the ng L-1 - µg L-1 range. Results reveal that the biodegradation of the primary carbon source and the biotransformation of the OMPs occur simultaneously, in clear evidence of cometabolic behavior. Moreover, we conclude that the OMPs biotransformation kinetic constant (kbiol) shows a linear dependence with the OLR of the primary substrate for most of the compounds studied, suggesting that the heterotrophic activity seriously affects the OMPs biotransformation kinetics. However, under typical activated sludge systems operating conditions (hydraulic retention times above 8 h), their biotransformation yield would not be significantly affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Kennes-Veiga
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Gil
- Defence University Centre, Spanish Naval Academy, Plaza de España, 36920 Marín, Spain
| | - Marta Carballa
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wu G, Geng J, Xu K, Ren H. Removal of pharmaceuticals by ammonia oxidizers during nitrification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:909-921. [PMID: 33415368 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effect of pharmaceuticals on ecosystem and human health raises great interest for the removal of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Enhanced removal of pharmaceuticals by ammonia oxidizers (AOs) has been observed during nitrification. This review provides a comprehensive summary on the removal of pharmaceuticals by AOs-ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA), and complete ammonia oxidizer (comammox) during nitrification in pure ammonia oxidizing culture and mixed microbes systems. The superior removal of pharmaceuticals by AOs in conditions with nitrifying activity compared with the conditions without nitrifying activity was proposed. The contribution of AOs on pharmaceuticals removal in pure and mixed microbe systems was discussed and activated sludge modeling was suggested as the proper measure on assessing the contribution of AOs on the removal of pharmaceuticals in mixed microbe culture. Three transformation processes and the involved reaction types of pharmaceuticals transformation during nitrification were reviewed. The present paper provides a systematical summary on pharmaceuticals removal by different AOs across pure and mixed microbes culture during nitrification, which opens up the opportunity to optimize the wastewater biological treatment systems for enhanced removal of pharmaceuticals. KEY POINTS: • The superior removal of pharmaceuticals by ammonia oxidizers (AOs) was summarized. • The removal contribution of pharmaceuticals attributed by AOs was elucidated. • The transformation processes and reaction types of pharmaceuticals were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nguyen PY, Carvalho G, Reis MAM, Oehmen A. A review of the biotransformations of priority pharmaceuticals in biological wastewater treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116446. [PMID: 33038717 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater effluent discharges have been considered as one of the main sources of synthetic chemicals entering into the aquatic environment. Even though they occur at low concentrations, pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) can have an impact on ecological toxicity that affects aquatic organisms. Moreover, new regulations in development toward preserving water quality reinforces the increasing need to monitor and abate some PhACs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where they are typically only partially eliminated. Unlike most previous reviews, we have focussed on how the main biological and chemical molecular factors impact the biotransformations of key PhACs in biological WWTP processes. Biotransformations have been found to be an important contributor towards the removal of PhACs from WWTP effluents. This review paper critically assesses these aspects and the recent advances that have been achieved in wastewater treatment processes for biodegradation of 7 PhACs; namely the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DCF); the macrolide antibiotics azithromycin (AZM), erythromycin (ERY) and clarithromycin (CLR); the two natural estrogens estrone (E1) and 17β-estradiol (E2), and the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylesradiol (EE2). These represent the micropollutants of the EU Watch list in Decision 2015/495/EU that are most relevant to WWTPs due to their frequent detection. The metabolic pathways, transformation products and impact of relevant factors to biological WWTP processes is addressed in this review. The biokinetics of PhAC biodegradation in different engineered bioprocesses is also discussed. Promising technologies and operational strategies that are likely to have a high impact on controlling PhAC releases are highlighted and future research needs are also proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Y Nguyen
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li L, Liu D, Li Z, Song K, He Y. Evaluation of microplastic polyvinylchloride and antibiotics tetracycline co-effect on the partial nitrification process. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111671. [PMID: 33181944 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the co-effect of microplastic polyvinylchloride and antibiotics tetracycline to partial nitrification process in treating high ammonia wastewater. The average ammonia oxidation rate of all reactors was 53.58, 56.17 and 42.08 mg·N/L·h in round 1, round 7 and round 13, respectively. The ammonia oxidation rate was reduced to 89.40%, 79.08%, 80.60%, 73.37%, 69.50%, 75.72%, 98.93% and 66.04% from 1st round of test to 13th round of test at reactor R1 to R8. The average nitrosation rate was always over 80% in all conditions tested. Tetracycline removal rate was attributed to sludge adsorption in all reactors and was increased continuously with the increment of tetracycline concentration. The nitrous oxide emission was keep decreasing from round 1 to round 13 in all reactors tested. The microbial community results revealed that with the existence of tetracycline and microplastics, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes were reduced and Proteobacteria were increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhouyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanjiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
de Queiroz TM, Ellena J, Porto ALM. Biotransformation of Ethinylestradiol by Whole Cells of Brazilian Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1996. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 22:673-682. [PMID: 32833111 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report our contribution to the application of whole cells of Brazilian marine-derived fungi in the biotransformation of ethinylestradiol 1. A preliminary screening with twelve marine-derived fungi strains revealed that the fungus Penicillium oxalicum CBMAI 1996 promoted the biotransformation of ethinylestradiol 1. Then, P. oxalicum CBMAI 1996 was employed in the reactions in decaplicate in order to purify and characterize the main biotransformation products of ethinylestradiol 1. Compounds 1b and 1c were characterized by NMR, HRMS, [α]D and mp. Compound 1b was also characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, kinetic monitoring of the biotransformation of ethinylestradiol 1 by P. oxalicum CBMAI 1996 was evaluated in this study in order to obtain high yields of compounds 1b and 1c with a reduction of the reaction time. In this work, we proposed a biotransformation pathway of ethinylestradiol 1, which suggests the presence of several enzymes such as phenol oxidases, monooxygenases, and ene-reductases in the fungus P. oxalicum CBMAI 1996. In summary, the rapid biodegradation of ethinylestradiol 1 and compounds 1b and 1c also has an environmental relevance, since ethinylestradiol 1 and other steroidal compounds are improperly discarded in the environment, and part of these compounds are displaced into the oceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thayane Melo de Queiroz
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biocatálise, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Ed. Química Ambiental, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Javier Ellena
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Cristalografia Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - André L M Porto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biocatálise, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Ed. Química Ambiental, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wu G, Geng J, Shi Y, Wang L, Xu K, Ren H. Comparison of diclofenac transformation in enriched nitrifying sludge and heterotrophic sludge: Transformation rate, pathway, and role exploration. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116158. [PMID: 32755734 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of diclofenac (DCF) on ecosystems and human health have induced increasing interest in its elimination in environment. DCF can be removed to some extent by nitrifying and heterotrophic microbes during wastewater treatment process. However, the actual roles of nitrifying and heterotrophic microbes in the transformation of DCF remain unclear. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to explore the biological transformation of DCF in enriched nitrifying sludge (NS), heterotrophic sludge (HS) and activated sludge (AS) systems. DCF was removed three times faster in enriched NS than in HS. Three transformation pathways of DCF in enriched NS, HS, and AS were proposed and compared. Hydroxylation was the crucial transformation step in the three transformation pathways. A faster hydroxylation reaction contributed to the faster removal of DCF in enriched NS. More transformation products (TPs) and reaction types (i.e. reductive dechlorination, sulphidation and methylation reactions) were observed in HS. Furthermore, some TPs that were resistant to degrade in enriched NS, such as DCF-benzoic acid, could be further transformed in HS. Accordingly, enriched NS could remove DCF more rapidly while HS could further transform some TPs resistant to degrade in enriched NS. Nitrifying and heterotrophic microbes may cooperatively and rapidly eliminate not only DCF, but also its TPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China.
| | - Yufei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Liye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Y, Shan J, Zhao Y, Li F, Corvini PFX, Ji R. Degradation and transformation of nitrated nonylphenol isomers in activated sludge under nitrifying and heterotrophic conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122438. [PMID: 32151935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrated nonylphenols (2-nitro-nonylphenols, NNPs) are metabolites of the endocrine-disrupter nonylphenols (NPs). While they have been detected in the environment, their fate in activated sludge has yet to be determined. In this study, we used synthesized NNP isomers and a 14C-tracer technique to study the degradation and transformation of four NNP isomers (NNP111, NNP112, NNP38, and NNP65) in nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) and heterotrophic bacteria-enhanced activated sludge (HAS). Our results showed that the degradation of NNPs in both NAS and HAS was isomer-specific. The half-lives of the NNPs decreased in the order: NNP111 > NNP112 > NNP38 > NNP65. After 36 days of incubation, 9.48 % and 4.01 % of the 14C-NNP111 was mineralized in NAS and HAS, respectively. In addition to mineralization, five metabolites of NNPs containing hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl substituents on the alkyl chains were formed in NAS but not in HAS. The transformation of NNPs differed in NAS and HAS, mainly due to the differences in their microbial communities and the activities thereof in NAS and HAS. This is the first study of the isomer-specific fate of NNP isomers in activated sludge. Future studies should assess the toxicity, stability and potential risks of NNP metabolites in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China; Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yingying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Philippe F-X Corvini
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China; Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Nanjing, China; Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Beifeng Road, 362000, Quanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chopra S, Kumar D. Ibuprofen as an emerging organic contaminant in environment, distribution and remediation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04087. [PMID: 32510000 PMCID: PMC7265064 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are the one of sub-class under emerging organic contaminants (EOCs). Ibuprofen is the world's third most consumable drug. This drug enters into our water system through human pharmaceutical use. It attracts the attention of environmentalist on the basis of risk associated, presence and transformation in the environment. The detection and removal are the two key area where we need to focus. The concentration of such compounds in waterbodies detected through conventional and also by the advanced methods. This review we described the available technologies including chemical, physical and biological methods, etc used the for removal of Ibuprofen. The pure culture based method, mixed culture approach and activated sludge culture approach focused and pathway of degradation of ibuprofen was deciphered by using the various methods of structure determination. The various degradation methods used for Ibuprofen are discussed. The advanced methods coupled with physical, chemical, biological, chemical methods like ozonolysis, oxidation and adsorption, nanotechnology based methods, nanocatalysis and use of nonosensors to detect the presence of small amount in waterbodies can enhance the future degradation of this drug. It is necessary to develop the new detection methods to enhance the detection of such pollutants. With the developments in new detection methods based on GC-MS//MS, HPLC, LC/MS and nanotechnology based sensors makes easier detection of these compounds which can detect even very minute amount with great sensitivity and in less time. Also, the isolation and characterization of more potent microbial strains and nano-photocatalysis will significantly increase the future degradation of such harmful compounds from the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Chopra
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039 Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmender Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039 Sonepat, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
From Laboratory Tests to the Ecoremedial System: The Importance of Microorganisms in the Recovery of PPCPs-Disturbed Ecosystems. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10103391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a wide variety of emerging pollutants in natural water resources is an important global water quality challenge. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are known as emerging contaminants, widely used by modern society. This objective ensures availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, according to the 2030 Agenda. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) do not always mitigate the presence of these emerging contaminants in effluents discharged into the environment, although the removal efficiency of WWTP varies based on the techniques used. This main subject is framed within a broader environmental paradigm, such as the transition to a circular economy. The research and innovation within the WWTP will play a key role in improving the water resource management and its surrounding industrial and natural ecosystems. Even though bioremediation is a green technology, its integration into the bio-economy strategy, which improves the quality of the environment, is surprisingly rare if we compare to other corrective techniques (physical and chemical). This work carries out a bibliographic review, since the beginning of the 21st century, on the biological remediation of some PPCPs, focusing on organisms (or their by-products) used at the scale of laboratory or scale-up. PPCPs have been selected on the basics of their occurrence in water resources. The data reveal that, despite the advantages that are associated with bioremediation, it is not the first option in the case of the recovery of systems contaminated with PPCPs. The results also show that fungi and bacteria are the most frequently studied microorganisms, with the latter being more easily implanted in complex biotechnological systems (78% of bacterial manuscripts vs. 40% fungi). A total of 52 works has been published while using microalgae and only in 7% of them, these organisms were used on a large scale. Special emphasis is made on the advantages that are provided by biotechnological systems in series, as well as on the need for eco-toxicological control that is associated with any process of recovery of contaminated systems.
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang B, Ni BJ, Yuan Z, Guo J. Unravelling kinetic and microbial responses of enriched nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure of cephalexin and sulfadiazine. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115592. [PMID: 32062227 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as one of the reservoirs of antibiotics. Although nitrifying bacteria have been reported to be capable of degrading various antibiotics, there are very few studies investigating long-term effects of antibiotics on kinetic and microbial responses of nitrifying bacteria. In this study, cephalexin (CFX) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) were selected to assess chronic impacts on nitrifying sludge with stepwise increasing concentrations in two independent bioreactors. The results showed that CFX and SDZ at an initial concentration of 100 μg/L could be efficiently removed by enriched nitrifying sludge, as evidenced by removal efficiencies of more than 88% and 85%, respectively. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) made a major contribution to the biodegradation of CFX and SDZ via cometabolism, compared to limited contributions from heterotrophic bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Chronic exposure to CFX (≥30 μg/L) could stimulate ammonium oxidation activity in terms of a significant enhancement of ammonium oxidation rate (p < 0.01). In contrast, the ammonium oxidation activity was inhibited due to exposure to 30 μg/L SDZ (p < 0.01), then it recovered after long-term adaption under exposure to 50 and 100 μg/L SDZ. In addition, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that the relative abundance of AOB decreased distinctly from 23.8% to 28.8% in the control phase (without CFX or SDZ) to 14.2% and 10.8% under exposure to 100 μg/L CFX and SDZ, respectively. However, the expression level of amoA gene was up-regulated to overcome this adverse impact and maintain a stable and efficient removal of both ammonium and antibiotics. The findings in this study shed a light on chronic effects of antibiotic exposure on kinetic and microbial responses of enriched nitrifying sludge in WWTPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingzheng Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hamid H, Li LY, Grace JR. Formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids from 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) in landfill leachate: Role of microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113835. [PMID: 31896477 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluorotelomer compounds in landfill leachate can undergo biotransformation under aerobic conditions and act as a secondary source of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) to the environment. Very little is known about the role of various microbial communities towards fluorotelomer compounds biotransformation. Using an inoculum prepared from the sediment of a leachate collection ditch, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) biotransformation experiments were carried out. Specific substrates (i.e., glucose, ammonia) and ammonia-oxidizing inhibitor (allylthiourea) were used to produce two experimental runs with heterotrophic (HET) growth only and heterotrophic with ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite- oxidizing bacteria (HET + AOB + NOB). After 10 days, ∼20% of the spiked 6:2 FTS removal was observed in HET + AOB + NOB, compared to ∼7% under HET condition. Higher 6:2 FTS removal in HET + AOB + NOB likely resulted from ammonia monooxygenase enzyme that catalyzes the first step of ammonia oxidation. The HET + AOB + NOB condition also showed higher PFCA (C4-C6) formation (∼2% of initially spiked 6:2 FTS), possibly due to higher overall bioactivity. Microbial community analysis through 16s rRNA sequencing confirmed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla (>75% relative abundance) under all experimental conditions. High abundance of Actinobacteria (>17%) was observed under the HET + AOB + NOB condition on day 7. Since Actinobacteria can synthesize a wide range of enzymes including monooxygenases, they likely play an important role in 6:2 FTS biotransformation and PFCA production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hamid
- Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Loretta Y Li
- Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - John R Grace
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jia Y, Yin L, Khanal SK, Zhang H, Oberoi AS, Lu H. Biotransformation of ibuprofen in biological sludge systems: Investigation of performance and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115303. [PMID: 31751892 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU), a common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely used by humans for controlling fever and pain, and is frequently detected in the influent of wastewater treatment plants and different aquatic environments. In this study, the biotransformation of IBU in activated sludge (AS), anaerobic methanogenic sludge (AnMS) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-enriched sludge systems was investigated at three different concentrations of 100, 500 and 1000 μg/L via a series of batch and continuous studies. IBU at concentration of 100 μg/L was effectively biodegraded by AS whereas AnMS and SRB-enriched sludge were less effective in IBU biodegradation at all concentrations tested. However, at higher IBU concentrations of 500 and 1000 μg/L, AS showed poor IBU biodegradation and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal due to inhibition of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (i.e., Candidatus Competibacter) by IBU and/or IBU biotransformation products. The microbial analyses showed that IBU addition shifted the microbial community structure in AS, AnMS and SRB-enriched sludge systems, however, the removals of COD, nitrogen and sulfur in both anaerobic sludge systems were not affected significantly (p > 0.05). The findings of this study provided a new insight into biotransformation of IBU in three important biological sludge systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Linwan Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, USA
| | - Huiqun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Akashdeep Singh Oberoi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li C, Lan L, Tadda MA, Zhu S, Ye Z, Liu D. Interaction between 17β-estradiol degradation and nitrification in mariculture wastewater by Nitrosomonas europaea and MBBR. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135846. [PMID: 31818605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relation between 17β-estradiol (E2) degradation and nitrification in synthetic mariculture wastewater by ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). Batch experiments showed that E2 degradation by N. europaea in wastewater followed zero-order reaction kinetics (r2 = 0.944, 4.07 μg/ L h-1) when ammonia presented. Nitrite yield in N. europaea inoculation decreased by 77.8% exposed to 1 mg/L E2. The inhibitory impact on ammonia oxidation was enhanced with increasing E2 dosage from 50 ng/L to 1 mg/L. Notably, E2 as low as 50 ng/L still had significant interference with nitrite production, bacterial density and ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) activity of N. europaea. Still, the following continuous 68-day degradation test revealed that 84.5%-98.7% E2 could be removed by a bench-scale MBBR. Whereas, ammonia removal remarkably decreased from 94.7% ± 2.1% to 85.6% ± 2.1% (p < .05) along with the enhanced E2 removal (from 84.5% ± 2.0% to 98.7% ± 0.4%, p < .05) when inlet E2 increased from 10 μg/L to 1 mg/L, indicating the great role of heterotrophs in E2 degradation. In contrast, nitrite oxidation was not affected upon E2 exposure irrespective of E2 concentrations. In summary, nitrification was effective in removing E2, while E2 interfered with ammoxidation process, but this interference was negligible at the reactor level given the low level of E2 in practical field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Li
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Lan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Musa Abubakar Tadda
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhao Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Biodegradation of antibiotics: The new resistance determinants – part I. N Biotechnol 2020; 54:34-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|