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Blazer VS, Walsh HL, Sperry AJ, Raines B, Willacker JJ, Eagles-Smith CA. A multi-level assessment of biological effects associated with mercury concentrations in smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121688. [PMID: 37088253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury (THg) was measured in muscle (fillet) and liver tissue of adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu collected at multiple sites in the Potomac and Susquehanna River drainages within the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Smallmouth bass in these drainages have experienced episodic mortality events, a high prevalence of skin lesions and reproductive endocrine disruption (intersex or testicular oocytes and plasma vitellogenin in males). A multi-level assessment of general and reproductive health including indicators at the organismal, organ, cellular and molecular levels was conducted on adult smallmouth bass during the spring (prespawn) season. Concentrations of THg were correlated with increased visible abnormalities, increased macrophage aggregates and tissue parasite burdens. In male bass positive correlations of THg were observed with plasma vitellogenin and hepatic transcript abundance of estrogen receptor β1 and androgen receptor α, while there was a negative association with estrogen receptors α and β2 and androgen receptors β. In female bass there was a negative correlation between THg and plasma vitellogenin as well as hepatic transcript abundance of vitellogenin, choriogenin, estrogen receptor β2 and 17β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Associations of THg concentrations with various biological indicators suggest mercury may be an important environmental stressor contributing to the observed adverse effects in smallmouth bass populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki S Blazer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown Research Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
| | - Heather L Walsh
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown Research Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA
| | - Adam J Sperry
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown Research Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA
| | - Brenna Raines
- U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Leetown Research Laboratory, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA
| | - James J Willacker
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Collin A Eagles-Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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2
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Braeuer S, Van Helden T, Van Acker T, Leroux O, Van Der Straeten D, Verbeken A, Borovička J, Vanhaecke F. Quantitative mapping of mercury and selenium in mushroom fruit bodies with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7517-7530. [PMID: 35927365 PMCID: PMC9482896 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a novel method for quantitative mapping of Hg and Se in mushroom fruit body tissues with laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Different parameters of the protocol for preparation of the standards used for quantification via external calibration were assessed, e.g., the dissolution temperature of gelatin standards and the addition of chitosan and L-cysteine as additives to the gelatin-based calibration droplets to better match the sample matrix. While chitosan was not suited for this purpose, the presence of L-cysteine considerably improved the figures of merit of the calibration, leading to limits of detection of 0.006 and 0.3 µg g-1 for Hg and Se, respectively, at a pixel size of 20 × 20 µm. Further, an in-house reference material, ideally suited for the validation of the method for application to mushroom samples, was successfully prepared from a paste of Boletus edulis. The newly developed method was used to investigate the distribution of Hg and Se in tissue sections of five porcini mushroom individuals of three different species (Boletus edulis, Boletus aereus, and Boletus pinophilus) and one sample of a parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera). For one sample, additional areas were ablated at higher spatial resolution, with a laser spot size down to 5 µm, which allows a detailed investigation of the spatial distribution of Hg and Se in mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Braeuer
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS research unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Tom Van Helden
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS research unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thibaut Van Acker
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS research unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Leroux
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Verbeken
- Research Group Mycology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Borovička
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Hlavní 130, 25068, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
- Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 16500, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS research unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 - S12, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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3
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Imanse SM, Anchor CL, Anchor GC, Landolfi JA, Kinsel MJ, Levengood JM, Delaney MA, Terio KA. Pathologic impacts of contaminants in freshwater fish of Cook County IL. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 242:106043. [PMID: 34902739 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread environmental toxicants in urban environments with negative impacts to fish health. The present study evaluated the potential association between muscle tissue contaminant (total Hg and total PCB) concentrations and indicators of health in benthic and predatory fish collected from four Forest Preserves of Cook County lakes in the Chicago metropolitan area. Common carp (carp; Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (LMB; Micropterus salmoides) were sampled three times a year (spring, summer, fall) during 2019 and 2020. Water quality analyses (temperature, color, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, pH, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, and pH) were performed concurrently with fish collections. Tissue (skin-on fillet) contaminant concentrations were compared between lake types and fish species and assessed for any relationship with fish morphometric data and pathologic lesions. Main health indicator endpoints included muscle lipid content, parasite burden, and pathologic lesions. Mean total PCB concentrations were greater in carp (203.1 ± 152 µg/kg, wet weight), and mean Hg concentrations were greater in LMB (0.11 ± 0.1 mg/kg, wet weight). In most fish, concentrations of both toxicants surpassed the EPA's lowest threshold to restrict fish consumption for sensitive cohorts (0.029 mg/kg for Hg and 1.5 µg/kg for PCBs). In both species, Hg positively correlated with splenic pigmented macrophage aggregate area (P < 0.001). In carp, Hg also positively correlated with hepatocellular pigmentation (P < 0.01). Mercury correlated with standard length in both species (LMB: P < 0.001, carp: P = 0.95), but polychlorinated biphenyls only correlated with standard length in carp (P < 0.001). No association was found between intraspecific contaminant concentrations and parasite burden, year, or lake type, though differences were noted among individual lakes. The contaminant burden appeared well-tolerated with only mild Hg-associated and no appreciable PCB-associated lesions. However, possible effects on reproduction or behavior were not fully assessed, and future studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra M Imanse
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA.
| | - Chris L Anchor
- Forest Preserve District of Cook County, 536 North Harlem Avenue, River Forest, IL 60305, USA.
| | - Gretchen C Anchor
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Landolfi
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA
| | - Michael J Kinsel
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Levengood
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 6184, USA.
| | - Martha A Delaney
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA.
| | - Karen A Terio
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL 60513, USA.
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4
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Doble PA, de Vega RG, Bishop DP, Hare DJ, Clases D. Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Biology. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11769-11822. [PMID: 34019411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elemental imaging gives insight into the fundamental chemical makeup of living organisms. Every cell on Earth is comprised of a complex and dynamic mixture of the chemical elements that define structure and function. Many disease states feature a disturbance in elemental homeostasis, and understanding how, and most importantly where, has driven the development of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as the principal elemental imaging technique for biologists. This review provides an outline of ICP-MS technology, laser ablation cell designs, imaging workflows, and methods of quantification. Detailed examples of imaging applications including analyses of cancers, elemental uptake and accumulation, plant bioimaging, nanomaterials in the environment, and exposure science and neuroscience are presented and discussed. Recent incorporation of immunohistochemical workflows for imaging biomolecules, complementary and multimodal imaging techniques, and image processing methods is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Doble
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Raquel Gonzalez de Vega
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - David P Bishop
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David Clases
- Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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5
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Halbach K, Holbrook T, Reemtsma T, Wagner S. Effective processing and evaluation of chemical imaging data with respect to morphological features of the zebrafish embryo. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1675-1687. [PMID: 33523257 PMCID: PMC7921040 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A workflow was developed and implemented in a software tool for the automated combination of spatially resolved laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data and data on the morphology of the biological tissue. Making use of a recently published biological annotation software, FishImager automatically assigns the biological feature as regions of interest (ROIs) and overlays them with the quantitative LA-ICP-MS data. Furthermore, statistical tools including cluster algorithms can be applied to the elemental intensity data and directly compared with the ROIs. This is effectively visualized in heatmaps. This allows gaining statistical significance on distribution and co-localization patterns. Finally, the biological functions of the assigned ROIs can then be easily linked with elemental distributions. We demonstrate the versatility of FishImager with quantitative LA-ICP-MS data of the zebrafish embryo tissue. The distribution of natural elements and xenobiotics is analyzed and discussed. With the help of FishImager, it was possible to identify compartments affected by toxicity effects or biological mechanisms to eliminate the xenobiotic. The presented workflow can be used for clinical and ecotoxicological testing, for example. Ultimately, it is a tool to simplify and reproduce interpretations of imaging LA-ICP-MS data in many applications. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Halbach
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timothy Holbrook
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. .,Institute for Water and Energy Management, University of Applied Sciences Hof, 95028, Hof, Germany.
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6
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von der Au M, Karbach H, Bell AM, Bauer OB, Karst U, Meermann B. Determination of metal uptake in single organisms, Corophium volutator, via complementary electrothermal vaporization/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and laser ablation/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e8953. [PMID: 32970910 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE (Eco-)toxicological effects are mostly derived empirically and are not correlated with metal uptake. Furthermore, if the metal content is determined, mostly bulk analysis of the whole organism population is conducted; thus, biological variability is completely disregarded, and this may lead to misleading results. To overcome this issue, we compared two different solid sampling techniques for the analysis of single organisms. METHODS In this study, complementary electrothermal vaporization/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV/ICP-MS) ⇔ laser ablation/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA/ICP-MS)-based methods for the analysis of individual organisms were developed and the results obtained were compared with the concentrations obtained after digestion and measured using ICP-MS. For this purpose, a common (eco-)toxicological test organism, the mud shrimp Corophium volutator, was selected. As proof-of-concept application, these organisms were incubated with environmentally relevant metals from galvanic anodes, which are often used for protection against metal corrosion in, for example, offshore wind farms. RESULTS The bulk analysis revealed that large quantities of the incubated elements were detectable. Using the ETV/ICP-MS method, we could identify a high biovariability within the population of organisms tested. Using the LA/ICP-MS method, it could be determined that the large quantities of the elements detected were due to adsorption of the metals and not due to uptake, which correlates well with the absence of (eco-)toxicological effects. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained imply the efficiency of complementary methods to explain the absence or presence of (eco-)toxicological effects. In particular, methods that allow for single-organism analysis or provide even a spatial resolution support the interpretation of ecotoxicological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus von der Au
- Division 1.1 - Inorganic Trace Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
- Department G2 - Aquatic Chemistry, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Hannah Karbach
- Department G2 - Aquatic Chemistry, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Bell
- Department G3 - Biochemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Oliver Bolle Bauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Meermann
- Division 1.1 - Inorganic Trace Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Environmetallomics: Systematically investigating metals in environmentally relevant media. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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8
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Soulen BK, Adams DH, Roberts AP. Mercury accumulation, speciation, and temporal trends in Atlantic Stingrays (Hypanus sabinus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:251-260. [PMID: 30761428 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-02014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) deposited into aquatic sediments can be converted into the more toxic methylmercury (MeHg) by microbial activity. Atlantic stingrays (Hypanus sabinus) are an estuarine and nearshore species found in coastal regions of the western North Atlantic, occurring in multiple habitat types, and feeding mainly on benthic invertebrates. Mercury dynamics and speciation in stingrays have not been well examined. This study quantified total Hg and Hg species (Hg (II) and MeHg) in Atlantic stingrays sampled from Florida's Indian River Lagoon (IRL) from 2012 to 2013. Tissues (muscle and liver) collected from 29 stingrays were lyophilized and homogenized before being analyzed using a direct mercury analyzer. Concentrations of total Hg in muscle were positively related to stingray disk width, but concentrations in liver were not. Mean (±SD) total Hg in muscle (0.56 ± 0.30 mg/kg dw) was significantly higher than mean total Hg in liver (0.23 ± 0.19 mg/kg dw). Within liver tissue, percent MeHg (of total Hg) ranged from 31 to 99%. The ratio between total Hg in liver and total Hg in muscle was <1 for nearly all individuals, suggesting a lack of active hepatic demethylation and sequestration mechanisms. Concentrations of Hg in IRL Atlantic stingrays fall below concentrations known to result in direct toxicity to fishes; however, effects thresholds are not well understood for elasmobranchs. Comparisons of Hg concentrations in IRL Atlantic stingrays sampled previously (37 individuals in 1994) indicate that total Hg concentrations in muscle of Atlantic stingrays have decreased over the past two decades, suggesting a reduction in the bioavailable Hg in the IRL ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne K Soulen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Indian River Field Lab, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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9
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Xia SA, Leng A, Lin Y, Wu L, Tian Y, Hou X, Zheng C. Integration of Flow Injection Capillary Liquid Electrode Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry and Microplasma-Induced Vapor Generation: A System for Detection of Ultratrace Hg and Cd in a Single Drop of Human Whole Blood. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2701-2709. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-an Xia
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Anqin Leng
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Li Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yunfei Tian
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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10
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Elemental imaging (LA-ICP-MS) of zebrafish embryos to study the toxicokinetics of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor naled. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 411:617-627. [PMID: 30443774 PMCID: PMC6338705 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish embryo is an important model in ecotoxicology but the spatial distribution of chemicals and the relation to observed effects is not well understood. Quantitative imaging can help to gain insights into the distribution of chemicals in the zebrafish embryo. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is used to quantify the uptake and the uptake kinetics of the bromine (Br) containing organophosphate naled (Dibrom®, dimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethylphosphate) and its distribution in zebrafish embryos using Br as the marker element. During exposure, the Br amounts increase in the embryos parallel to the irreversible inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The final amount of Br in the embryo (545 pmol/embryo) corresponds to a 280-fold enrichment of naled from the exposure solution. However, LC-MS/MS analyses showed that the internal concentration of naled remained below the LOD (7.8 fmol/embryo); also the concentration of its known transformation product dichlorvos remained low (0.85 to 2.8 pmol/embryo). These findings indicate the high reactivity and high transformation rate of naled to other products than dichlorvos. 12C normalized intensity distributions of Br in the zebrafish embryo showed an enrichment of Br in its head region. Kernel density estimates of the LA-ICP-MS data were calculated and outline the high reproducibility between replicated and the shift in the Br distribution during exposure. The Br enrichment indicates a preferential debromination or direct covalent reaction of naled with AChE in this region. ᅟ ![]()
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11
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Wang X, Wu F, Wang WX. In Vivo Mercury Demethylation in a Marine Fish (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:6441-6451. [PMID: 28514845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) in fish has attracted public attention for decades, and methylmercury (MeHg) is the predominant form in fish. However, the in vivo MeHg demethylation and its influence on Hg level in fish have not been well-addressed. The present study investigated the in vivo demethylation process in a marine fish (black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli) under dietary MeHg exposure and depuration and quantified the biotransformation and interorgan transportation of MeHg by developing a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. After exposure, we observed a 2-fold increase of the whole-body inorganic Hg (IHg), indicating the existence of an in vivo demethylation process. The results strongly suggested that the intestine played a predominant role in MeHg demethylation with a significant rate (6.6 ± 1.7 day-1) during exposure, whereas the hepatic demethylation appeared to be an extremely slow (0.011 ± 0.001 day-1) process and could hardly affect the whole-fish Hg level. Moreover, demethylation in the intestine served as an important pathway for MeHg detoxification. Our study also pointed out that in vivo MeHg demethylation could influence Hg level and speciation in fish although food is the major pathway for Hg accumulation. Enhancing in vivo MeHg biotransformation (especially in the intestine) could be a potential key solution in minimizing Hg contamination in fish. The related factors involved in intestinal demethylation deserve more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Marine Environmental Laboratory, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Marine Environmental Laboratory, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057, China
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12
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Graves SD, Kidd KA, Houlahan JE, Munkittrick KR. General and histological indicators of health in wild fishes from a biological mercury hotspot in northeastern North America. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:976-987. [PMID: 27595668 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site, Nova Scotia, Canada, is considered a biological mercury (Hg) hotspot because the tissues of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and common loons (Gavia immer) inhabiting the lakes frequently exceed so-called safe levels of Hg. In the present study, the relationships between Hg and overall health of males and females of 3 forage fish species (brown bullhead Ameirus nebulosus, banded killifish Fundulus diaphanus, and golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas; n = 6-18/sex/lake) in 6 lakes at the park were assessed using condition factor, liversomatic index (LSI), and macrophage aggregates (MAs; indicators of tissue damage). Mean muscle total Hg (THg) concentrations of brown bullhead, banded killifish, and golden shiner across lakes were 0.32 μg/g, 0.27 μg/g, and 0.34 μg/g, respectively. Condition was negatively related to muscle THg in golden shiner and banded killifish, LSI was not related to THg in any species, and all species showed evidence of increasing MA prevalence (counts and area) with increasing THg concentrations. The MAs were most prevalent in spleen tissues of golden shiner, with mean percentage cover ranging from 0.36% to 5.59% across lakes. In addition, the area of MAs appeared to be better predicted by THg concentration than was the number of MAs in the same tissue. These findings suggest that Hg is affecting the health of wild fishes in Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site and that other populations with similar or higher concentrations of this metal may also be at risk. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:976-987. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen A Kidd
- University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jeff E Houlahan
- University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance (COSIA), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Susnea I, Weiskirchen R. Trace metal imaging in diagnostic of hepatic metal disease. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2016; 35:666-686. [PMID: 25677057 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the most central organ and the largest gland of the body that influences and controls a variety of metabolic and catabolic processes. It produces inconceivable many essential proteins, is responsible for the recovery of various food components, degrades toxins, mediates the bile production, and is involved in the excretion of unwanted metabolites. Several of these anabolic or catabolic functions of the liver depend on trace elements. These are either integral part of enzymes, cofactors, or act as chemical catalysts. Therefore, a lack of trace elements can lead to organ failure or systemic illness. Conversely, excessive hepatic trace element deposition resulting from genetic disorders, intoxication, extensive dietary supply, or long-term parenteral nutrition may cause hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Although specific serum parameters currently allow rough assessment of metal deficit and excess, the precise quantification of hepatic metal content in liver is presently only possible by different titration or staining techniques of biopsy specimens. Recently, novel innovative metal imaging techniques were developed that are on the way to replace these traditional methods. In the present review, we summarize the function of different trace elements in liver health and disease and discuss the present knowledge on how quantitative biometal imaging techniques such as synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry enrich diagnostics in the detection and quantification of hepatic metal disorders. We will further discuss sample preparation, sensitivity, spatial resolution, specificity, quantification strategies, and potential future applications of metal bioimaging in experimental research and clinical daily routine. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 35:666-686, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Susnea
- Central Institute of Engineering, Electronics and Analytics (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
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14
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Barst BD, Rosabal M, Campbell PGC, Muir DGC, Wang X, Köck G, Drevnick PE. Subcellular distribution of trace elements and liver histology of landlocked Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) sampled along a mercury contamination gradient. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:574-583. [PMID: 26986088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We sampled landlocked Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from four lakes (Small, 9-Mile, North, Amituk) in the Canadian High Arctic that span a gradient of mercury contamination. Metals (Hg, Se, Tl, and Fe) were measured in char tissues to determine their relationships with health indices (relative condition factor and hepatosomatic index), stable nitrogen isotope ratios, and liver histology. A subcellular partitioning procedure was employed to determine how metals were distributed between potentially sensitive and detoxified compartments of Arctic char livers from a low- and high-mercury lake (Small Lake and Amituk Lake, respectively). Differences in health indices and metal concentrations among char populations were likely related to differences in feeding ecology. Concentrations of Hg, Se, and Tl were highest in the livers of Amituk char, whereas concentrations of Fe were highest in Small and 9-Mile char. At the subcellular level we found that although Amituk char had higher concentrations of Tl in whole liver than Small Lake char, they maintained a greater proportion of this metal in detoxified fractions, suggesting an attempt at detoxification. Mercury was found mainly in potentially sensitive fractions of both Small and Amituk Lake char, indicating that Arctic char are not effectively detoxifying this metal. Histological changes in char livers, mainly in the form of melano-macrophage aggregates and hepatic fibrosis, could be linked to the concentrations and subcellular distributions of essential or non-essential metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Barst
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 de la Couronne, Québec, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Maikel Rosabal
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 de la Couronne, Québec, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Peter G C Campbell
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 de la Couronne, Québec, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Derek G C Muir
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Xioawa Wang
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Günter Köck
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Studies (ÖAW-IGF), 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul E Drevnick
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement (INRS-ETE), 490 de la Couronne, Québec, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada; University of Michigan Biological Station and School of Natural Resources and Environment, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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15
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Zarco-Fernández S, Coto-García AM, Muñoz-Olivas R, Sanz-Landaluze J, Rainieri S, Cámara C. Bioconcentration of ionic cadmium and cadmium selenide quantum dots in zebrafish larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 148:328-335. [PMID: 26820780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The concern related to the use of nanomaterials is growing nowadays, especially the risk associated with their emission or exposure. One type of nanomaterials that has attracted much attention is quantum dots (QDs). QDs incorporation in consumer goods increases the probability of their entering in the environment and then into living organisms and human. In order to evaluate their potential to be bioconcentrated, zebrafish larvae have been exposed to SeCd/ZnS QDs, after performing an exhaustive characterization of these nanoparticles under the assay conditions. These data were compared with those obtained when zebrafish larvae were exposed to ionic cadmium. Finally, distribution of ionic Cd and QDs in exposed zebrafish larvae have been evaluated by Laser Ablation ICP-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zarco-Fernández
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A M Coto-García
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Muñoz-Olivas
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Sanz-Landaluze
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Rainieri
- Food Research Division, AZTI-Tecnalia, 23 Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea 609, 24, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - C Cámara
- Dpto. Química Analítica, Facultad CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Müller AK, Brinkmann M, Baumann L, Stoffel MH, Segner H, Kidd KA, Hollert H. Morphological alterations in the liver of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from a biological mercury hotspot. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17330-17342. [PMID: 25936831 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) contamination is a global issue due to its anthropogenic release, long-range transport, and deposition in remote areas. In Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site, Nova Scotia, Canada, high concentrations of total mercury (THg) were found in tissues of yellow perch (Perca flavescens). The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between THg concentrations and the morphology of perch liver as a main site of metal storage and toxicity. Yellow perch were sampled from five lakes known to contain fish representing a wide range in Hg concentrations in fall 2013. The ultrastructure of hepatocytes and the distribution of Hg within the liver parenchyma were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS). The relative area of macrophage aggregates (MAs) in the liver was determined using image analysis software and fluorescence microscopy. No relation between general health indicators (Fulton's condition index) and THg was observed. In line with this, TEM examination of the liver ultrastructure revealed no prominent pathologies related to THg accumulation. However, a morphological parameter that appeared to increase with muscle THg was the relative area of MAs in the liver. The hepatic lysosomes appeared to be enlarged in samples with the highest THg concentrations. Interestingly, EELS analysis revealed that the MAs and hepatic lysosomes contained Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Müller
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael H Stoffel
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 120, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karen A Kidd
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Road, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, 1 Tiansheng Road Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Schulwitz SE, Chumchal MM, Johnson JA. Mercury Concentrations in Birds from Two Atmospherically Contaminated Sites in North Texas, USA. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 69:390-398. [PMID: 26137900 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-015-0189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous and highly toxic contaminant that can have negative effects on wildlife. Only a few studies have measured Hg concentrations in birds from the south central United States, and the potential threat of Hg contamination to birds in this region is largely unknown. In the present study, we assess Hg concentrations in blood and feathers from five bird species [eastern bluebird (Sialis sialis), Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), wood duck (Aix sponsa), great egret (Ardea alba), and great blue heron (Ardea herodias)] that occupy different trophic levels at Caddo Lake and Lewisville Lake, located in northeast and north central Texas, respectively. Both sites are contaminated with Hg from the atmosphere. Adult passerines had higher Hg concentrations in their blood than conspecific nestlings. Mercury concentrations in feathers differed between species by more than an order of magnitude with large piscivorous species having higher concentrations than smaller insectivorous species. Mercury concentrations in eastern bluebirds were higher at Caddo Lake than Lewisville Lake. The present study represents one of the first studies of Hg concentrations in multiple bird species in north Texas and suggests that Hg concentrations in birds from atmospherically polluted sites in this region may be high enough to compromise fitness in those species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Schulwitz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76201, USA.
| | - Matthew M Chumchal
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, 2800 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA
| | - Jeff A Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
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18
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Barst BD, Bridges K, Korbas M, Roberts AP, Van Kirk K, McNeel K, Drevnick PE. The role of melano-macrophage aggregates in the storage of mercury and other metals: an example from yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:1918-25. [PMID: 26177920 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Melano-macrophage aggregates, collections of specialized cells of the innate immune system of fish, are considered a general biomarker for contaminant toxicity. To elucidate further the relationship between macrophage aggregates and metals exposure, yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus), a long-lived species, were sampled from the east and west coasts of Prince of Wales Island, Alaska. Metals concentrations in livers (inorganic Hg, methyl mercury, Se, Ni, Cd, Cu, Zn) and spleens (inorganic Hg and methyl mercury) were determined, as well as their correlations with melano-macrophage aggregate area. Sections of liver tissue were analyzed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine how metals were spatially distributed between hepatocytes and macrophage aggregates. The concentration of inorganic Hg in whole tissue was the best predictor of macrophage area in yelloweye livers and spleens. Macrophage aggregates had higher relative concentrations than most metals compared with the surrounding hepatocytes. However, not all metals were accumulated to the same degree, as evidenced by differences in the ratios of metals in macrophages compared with hepatocytes. Laser ablation data were corroborated with the results of X-ray synchrotron fluorescence imaging of a yelloweye liver section. Hepatic macrophage aggregates in yelloweye rockfish may play an important role in the detoxification and storage of Hg and other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Bridges
- Department of Biological Sciences & Institute of Applied Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences & Institute of Applied Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Kray Van Kirk
- Division of Commercial Fisheries, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Douglas, Alaska, USA
| | - Kevin McNeel
- Division of Commercial Fisheries, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Douglas, Alaska, USA
| | - Paul E Drevnick
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- University of Michigan Biological Station and School of Natural Resources and Environment, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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19
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Gann GL, Powell CH, Chumchal MM, Drenner RW. Hg-contaminated terrestrial spiders pose a potential risk to songbirds at Caddo Lake (Texas/Louisiana, USA). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:303-306. [PMID: 25378235 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental contaminant that can have adverse effects on wildlife. Because MeHg is produced by bacteria in aquatic ecosystems, studies of MeHg contamination of food webs historically have focused on aquatic organisms. However, recent studies have shown that terrestrial organisms such as songbirds can be contaminated with MeHg by feeding on MeHg-contaminated spiders. In the present study, the authors examined the risk that MeHg-contaminated terrestrial long-jawed orb weaver spiders (Tetragnatha sp.) pose to songbirds at Caddo Lake (Texas/Louisiana, USA). Methylmercury concentrations in spiders were significantly different in river, wetland, and open-water habitats. The authors calculated spider-based wildlife values (the minimum spider MeHg concentrations causing physiologically significant doses in consumers) to assess exposure risks for arachnivorous birds. Methylmercury concentrations in spiders exceeded wildlife values for Carolina chickadee (Poecile carolinensis) nestlings, with the highest risk in the river habitat. The present study indicates that MeHg concentrations in terrestrial spiders vary with habitat and can pose a threat to small-bodied nestling birds that consume large amounts of spiders at Caddo Lake. This MeHg threat to songbirds may not be unique to Caddo Lake and may extend throughout the southeastern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen L Gann
- Biology Department, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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20
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Bioimaging mass spectrometry of trace elements – recent advance and applications of LA-ICP-MS: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 835:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Depew DC, Burgess NM, Campbell LM. Spatial patterns of methylmercury risks to common loons and piscivorous fish in Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:13093-13103. [PMID: 24156245 DOI: 10.1021/es403534q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of inorganic mercury (Hg) from the atmosphere remains the principle source of Hg contamination for most aquatic ecosystems. Inorganic Hg is readily converted to toxic methylmercury (MeHg) that bioaccumulates in aquatic food webs and may pose a risk to piscivorous fish and wildlife. We conducted a screening-level risk assessment to evaluate the extent of risk to top aquatic piscivores: the common loon (Gavia immer), walleye (Sander vitreus), and northern pike (Esox lucius). Risk quotients (RQs) were calculated on the basis of a dietary Hg exposure indicator (HgPREY) modeled from over 230,000 observations of fish Hg concentrations at over 1900 locations across Canada and dietary Hg exposure screening benchmarks derived specifically for this assessment. HgPREY exceeded benchmark thresholds related to impaired productivity and behavior in adult loons at 10% and 36% of sites, respectively, and exceeded benchmark thresholds for impaired reproduction and health in fishes at 82% and 73% of sites, respectively. The ecozones of southeastern Canada characterized by extensive forest cover, elevated Hg deposition, and poorly buffered soils had the greatest proportion of RQs > 1.0. Results of this assessment suggest that common loons and piscivorous fishes would likely benefit from reductions in Hg deposition, especially in southeastern Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Depew
- Department of Biology and School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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22
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Debeljak M, van Elteren JT, Vogel-Mikuš K. Development of a 2D laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry mapping procedure for mercury in maize (Zea mays L.) root cross-sections. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 787:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Barst BD, Hammerschmidt CR, Chumchal MM, Muir DCG, Smith JD, Roberts AP, Rainwater TR, Drevnick PE. Determination of mercury speciation in fish tissue with a direct mercury analyzer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:1237-1241. [PMID: 23417790 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of Hg speciation in tissue is valuable for assessing potential toxicological effects in fish. Direct Hg analyzers, which use thermal decomposition and atomic absorption spectrometry, have recently gained popularity for determining organic Hg after procedural solvent extraction from some environmental media, although quantitative recovery from lipid-rich materials, such as fish liver, has been problematic. The authors developed a new method by which organic Hg in fish liver and muscle is estimated by the difference between direct measurements of inorganic Hg in an acid extract and total Hg in whole tissue. The method was validated by analysis of a certified reference material (DOLT-4 dogfish liver) and naturally contaminated fish tissues with comparison to an established Hg speciation method (gas chromatography cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry). Recovery of organic Hg from DOLT-4, estimated by difference, averaged 99 ± 5% of the mean certified value for methylmercury. In most liver samples and all muscle samples, estimates of organic Hg from the proposed method were indiscernible from direct speciation measurements of methylmercury (99% ± 6%). Estimation of organic Hg by the difference between total Hg and inorganic Hg was less accurate in liver samples with a high percentage of inorganic Hg (90%). This was because of the increased uncertainty that results from estimating a third value (i.e., organic Hg) by using the difference between two large concentrations (inorganic and total Hg). The proposed method is a useful tool for examining the speciation of Hg in fish muscle and liver, and by extension, potentially other tissues and environmental media.
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Sherman LS, Blum JD, Franzblau A, Basu N. New insight into biomarkers of human mercury exposure using naturally occurring mercury stable isotopes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:3403-9. [PMID: 23463943 DOI: 10.1021/es305250z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) and elemental mercury vapor (Hg(0)(g)) are often estimated using total Hg concentrations in hair and urine, respectively. We investigated whether Hg stable isotopes could be used to better distinguish between exposure to Hg(0)(g) versus MeHg. We found that hair from North American dental professionals was characterized by high positive Δ(199)Hg values (mean = 1.86‰, 1 SD = 0.12‰, n = 11). This confirms that among people who regularly consume fish, total Hg concentrations in hair reflect exposure to MeHg. In contrast, we found that urine from the same individuals was characterized by a range of Δ(199)Hg values (0.29 to 1.77‰, 2 SD = 0.06‰, n = 12) that were significantly correlated to the number of dental amalgams in each individual's mouth. We hypothesize that fish-derived MeHg is demethylated within the body, causing mass-dependent fractionation and the excretion of inorganic Hg in urine. Mercury in urine therefore represents a mixture of demethylated fish-derived MeHg and amalgam-derived inorganic Hg. We estimate that the majority (>70%) of Hg in urine from individuals with <10 dental amalgams is derived from ingestion of MeHg in fish. These data suggest that within populations that consume fish, urine total Hg concentrations may overestimate Hg exposure from personal dental amalgams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Sherman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, 1100 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
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25
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M-M P, Weiskirchen R, Gassler N, Bosserhoff AK, Becker JS. Novel bioimaging techniques of metals by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for diagnosis of fibrotic and cirrhotic liver disorders. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58702. [PMID: 23505552 PMCID: PMC3591358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hereditary disorders associated with metal overload or unwanted toxic accumulation of heavy metals can lead to morbidity and mortality. Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis or Wilson disease for example may develop severe hepatic pathology including fibrosis, cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. While relevant disease genes are identified and genetic testing is applicable, liver biopsy in combination with metal detecting techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) is still applied for accurate diagnosis of metals. Vice versa, several metals are needed in trace amounts for carrying out vital functions and their deficiency due to rapid growth, pregnancy, excessive blood loss, and insufficient nutritional or digestive uptake results in organic and systemic shortcomings. Established in situ techniques, such as EDX-ray spectroscopy, are not sensitive enough to analyze trace metal distribution and the quantification of metal images is difficult. Methods In this study, we developed a quantitative biometal imaging technique of human liver tissue by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in order to compare the distribution of selected metals in cryo-sections of healthy and fibrotic/cirrhotic livers. Results Most of the metals are homogeneous distributed within the normal tissue, while they are redirected within fibrotic livers resulting in significant metal deposits. Moreover, total iron and copper concentrations in diseased liver were found about 3-5 times higher than in normal liver samples. Conclusions Biometal imaging via LA-ICP-MS is a sensitive innovative diagnostic tool that will impact clinical practice in identification and evaluation of hepatic metal disorders and to detect subtle metal variations during ongoing hepatic fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornwilard M-M
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Central Division of Analytical Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anja K. Bosserhoff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J. Sabine Becker
- Central Division of Analytical Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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26
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Batchelar KL, Kidd KA, Drevnick PE, Munkittrick KR, Burgess NM, Roberts AP, Smith JD. Evidence of impaired health in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from a biological mercury hotspot in northeastern North America. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:627-637. [PMID: 23280620 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the effects of mercury (Hg) on wild fish from remote areas, even though these fish can have high total Hg concentrations. In Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site (KNPNHS), Nova Scotia, Canada, concentrations of total Hg in many yellow perch (Perca flavescens) currently exceed the estimated threshold level for adverse effects in fish (0.2 µg Hg g(-1) (wet wt), whole body). To determine whether Hg exposure is adversely affecting the general health of these fish, the authors collected male and female perch in the fall of 2009 and 2010 from 12 lakes within KNPNHS. The health endpoints condition, liver somatic index (LSI), and macrophage aggregates (MAs; indicators of oxidative stress and tissue damage) in the liver, kidney, and spleen were examined, and in female perch were compared between lakes and related to Hg concentrations measured in the muscle and liver tissue. No negative relationships between fish condition or LSI and Hg were found. However, within the liver, kidney, and spleen tissues of females, the relative area occupied by MAs was positively related to both muscle and liver Hg concentrations, indicating the health of these perch was adversely affected at the cellular level. These findings raise concerns for the health of these perch as well as for other wild fish populations known to have similarly elevated Hg concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina L Batchelar
- Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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