1
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Ramos M, Solà M, Poater A. Hydrophenoxylation of alkynes by gold catalysts: a mini review. J Mol Model 2024; 30:357. [PMID: 39348033 PMCID: PMC11442519 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The field of chemistry has significantly evolved, with catalysis playing a crucial role in transforming chemical processes. From Valerius' use of sulfuric acid in the sixteenth century to modern advancements, catalysis has driven innovations across various industries. The introduction of gold as a catalyst marked a pivotal shift, expanding its applications beyond ornamentation to homogeneous catalysis. Gold's unique properties, such as its electrophilic nature and flexibility, have enabled its use in synthesizing complex molecules, including those in nanomedicine and sustainable chemical processes. The development of gold-based complexes, particularly in hydroalkoxylation and hydroamination reactions, showcases their efficiency in forming carbon-oxygen bonds under mild conditions. Recent studies on dual gold catalysis and heterobimetallic complexes further highlight gold's versatility in achieving high turnover rates and selectivity. This evolution underscores the potential of gold catalysis in advancing environmentally sustainable methodologies and enhancing the scope of modern synthetic chemistry. The debate about the nature of monogold and dual-gold catalysis is open. METHODS DFT calculations have played a key role in promoting the activation of alkynes, in particular the hydrophenoxylation of alkynes by metal-based catalysts. They not only help identify the most efficient and selective catalysts but also aid in screening for those capable of performing a dual metal catalytic mechanism. The most commonly used functionals are BP86 and B3LYP, with the SVP and 6-31G(d) basis sets employed for geometry optimizations, and M06 with TZVP or 6-311G(d,p) basis sets used for single-point energy calculations in a solvent. Grimme dispersion correction has been explicitly added either in the solvent single point energy calculations or in the gas phase geometry optimizations or in both. To point out that M06 implicitly includes part of this dispersion scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ramos
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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2
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Sasane AV, Chiou CT, Chang MY, Li WT. Stereoselective Double Spirocyclization of 2-Benzyl-3-alkynyl Chromone with Nitrone via Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions. Org Lett 2024; 26:6675-6680. [PMID: 39052520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel, highly stereoselective gold-catalyzed spirocyclization of 2-benzyl-3-alkynyl chromone with nitrone is described. This cascade reaction involves gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization, nitrone-olefin [3 + 2]-annulation, alkene oxidation, and rearrangement for the formation of spirocyclic products. Interestingly, the isoxazolidine ring generated from [3 + 2]-annulation donates oxygen to alkene to generate a new pyran-3(4H)-one and azetidine ring for dispiro-benzofuran formation upon heating. This work demonstrates the one-pot, gold-catalyzed, multiple-step reaction, and the reaction temperature directly affects the formation of spirocyclic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Vijay Sasane
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112304, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Tang Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112304, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Yiang Chang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112304, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112304, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan, R.O.C
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3
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Wheeler JI, Schaefer AJ, Ess DH. Trajectory-Based Time-Resolved Mechanism for Benzene Reductive Elimination from Cyclopentadienyl Mo/W Phenyl Hydride Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:4775-4786. [PMID: 38836889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Calculated potential energy structures and landscapes are very often used to define the sequence of reaction steps in an organometallic reaction mechanism and interpret kinetic isotope effect (KIE) measurements. Underlying most of this structure-to-mechanism translation is the use of statistical rate theories without consideration of atomic/molecular motion. Here we report direct dynamics simulations for an organometallic benzene reductive elimination reaction, where nonstatistical intermediates and dynamic-controlled pathways were identified. Specifically, we report single spin state as well as mixed spin state quasiclassical direct dynamics trajectories in the gas phase and explicit solvent for benzene reductive elimination from Mo and W bridged cyclopentadienyl phenyl hydride complexes ([Me2Si(C5Me4)2]M(H)(Ph), M = Mo and W). Different from the energy landscape mechanistic sequence, the dynamics trajectories revealed that after the benzene C-H bond forming transition state (often called reductive coupling), σ-coordination and π-coordination intermediates are either skipped or circumvented and that there is a direct pathway to forming a spin flipped solvent caged intermediate, which occurs in just a few hundred femtoseconds. Classical molecular dynamics simulations were then used to estimate the lifetime of the caged intermediate, which is between 200 and 400 picoseconds. This indicates that when the η2-π-coordination intermediate is formed, it occurs only after the first formation of the solvent-caged intermediate. This dynamic mechanism intriguingly suggests the possibility that the solvent-caged intermediate rather than a coordination intermediate is responsible (or partially responsible) for the inverse KIE value experimentally measured for W. Additionally, this dynamic mechanism prompted us to calculate the kH/kD KIE value for the C-H bonding forming transition states of Mo and W. Surprisingly, Mo gave a normal value, while W gave an inverse value, albeit small, due to a much later transition state position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84604, United States
| | - Anthony J Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84604, United States
| | - Daniel H Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84604, United States
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4
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Shiri F, Lin Z. Cyclization Reactions of 1,5-Diynes: Mechanisms and the Role of the Central Linker. Org Lett 2024; 26:4411-4416. [PMID: 38735052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This study employed computational methods to elucidate the influence of structural features on the cyclization pathways of 1,5-diynes through the 5-endo-dig and 6-endo-dig mechanisms. The results revealed that the nature of the central linker played a significant role in dictating the preferred cyclization pathway. Notably, the capacity of this linker to extend delocalization appears to be the key factor governing the reaction pathway preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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5
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Pu M, Nielsen CDT, Senol E, Sperger T, Schoenebeck F. Post-Transition-State Dynamic Effects in the Transmetalation of Pd(II)-F to Pd(II)-CF 3. JACS AU 2024; 4:263-275. [PMID: 38274253 PMCID: PMC10806791 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The observation of post-transition-state dynamic effects in the context of metal-based transformation is rare. To date, there has been no reported case of a dynamic effect for the widely employed class of palladium-mediated coupling reactions. We performed an experimental and computational study of the trifluoromethylation of Pd(II)F, which is a key step in the Pd(0)/Pd(II)-catalyzed trifluoromethylation of aryl halides or acid fluorides. Our experiments show that the cis/trans speciation of the formed Pd(II)CF3 is highly solvent- and transmetalation reagent-dependent. We employed GFN2-xTB- and B3LYP-D3-based molecular dynamics trajectory calculations (with and without explicit solvation) along with high-level QM calculations and found that depending on the medium, different transmetalation mechanisms appear to be operative. A statistically representative number of Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest that in benzene, a difluorocarbene is generated in the transmetalation with R3SiCF3, which subsequently recombines with the Pd via two distinct pathways, leading to either the cis- or trans-Pd(II)CF3. Conversely, GFN2-xTB simulations in MeCN suggest that in polar/coordinating solvents an ion-pair mechanism is dominant. A CF3 anion is initially liberated and then rebinds with the Pd(II) cation to give a cis- or trans-Pd(II). In both scenarios, a single transmetalation transition state gives rise to both cis- and trans-species directly, owing to bifurcation after the transition state. The potential subsequent cis- to trans isomerization of the Pd(II)CF3 was also studied and found to be strongly inhibited by free phosphine, which in turn was experimentally identified to be liberated through displacement by a polar/coordinating solvent from the cis-Pd(II)CF3 complex. The simulations also revealed how the variation of the Pd-coordination sphere results in divergent product selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoping Pu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Erdem Senol
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa Sperger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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6
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Sreenivasulu G, Sridhar B, Karunakar GV. Dual gold-catalyzed regioselective synthesis of benzofulvenes via 5- endo dig cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7799-7807. [PMID: 37712351 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient dual gold-catalyzed regioselective synthesis of benzofulvenes has been developed from substituted allyloxy 1,5-diynes via 5-endo dig cyclization. In this intramolecular organic transformation a new C-C bond formation occurs and moderate to very good yields are obtained in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gottam Sreenivasulu
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Galla V Karunakar
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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7
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Yue X, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Meng T, Zhao Y, Guo W. Synthesis of a versatile 1 H-indene-3-carboxylate scaffold enabled by visible-light promoted Wolff rearrangement of 1-diazonaphthalen-2(1 H)-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:6363-6366. [PMID: 37140082 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01093g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a sequential visible-light-promoted Wolff rearrangement of 1-diazonaphthalen-2(1H)-ones, followed by capturing the in situ generated ketene intermediates with various alcohols, producing diverse 1H-indene-3-carboxylates in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions. The broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, and robust conditions make the resulting derivative a versatile platform for the synthesis of plenty of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yue
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
| | - Tengfei Meng
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
| | - Wengang Guo
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 21364, China.
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8
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Vidhani DV, Ubeda R, Sautie T, Vidhani D, Mariappan M. Zwitterionic Bergman cyclization triggered polymerization gives access to metal-graphene nanoribbons using a boron metal couple. Commun Chem 2023; 6:66. [PMID: 37029210 PMCID: PMC10082089 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid growth in artificial intelligence, designing high-speed and low-power semiconducting materials is of utmost importance. This investigation provides a theoretical basis to access covalently bonded transition metal-graphene nanoribbon (TM-GNR) hybrid semiconductors whose DFT-computed bandgaps were much narrower than the commonly used pentacene. Systematic optimization of substrates containing remotely placed boryl groups and the transition metals produced the zwitterions via ionic Bergman cyclization (i-BC) and unlocked the polymerization of metal-substituted polyenynes. Aside from i-BC, the subsequent steps were barrierless, which involved structureless transition regions. Multivariate analysis revealed the strong dependence of activation energy and the cyclization mode on the electronic nature of boron and Au(I). Consequently, three regions corresponding to radical Bergman (r-BC), ionic Bergman (i-BC), and ionic Schreiner-Pascal (i-SP) cyclizations were identified. The boundaries between these regions corresponded to the mechanistic shift induced by the three-center-three-electron (3c-3e) hydrogen bond, three-center-four-electron (3c-4e) hydrogen bond, and vacant p-orbital on boron. The ideal combination for cascade polymerization was observed near the boundary between i-BC and i-SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh V Vidhani
- Department of Math & Natural Science, Miami Dade College, Miami Dade College, 627 SW 27th Ave, Miami, FL, 33135, USA.
| | - Rosemary Ubeda
- Department of Math & Natural Science, Miami Dade College, Miami Dade College, 627 SW 27th Ave, Miami, FL, 33135, USA
| | - Thalia Sautie
- Department of Math & Natural Science, Miami Dade College, Miami Dade College, 627 SW 27th Ave, Miami, FL, 33135, USA
| | - Diana Vidhani
- Miami Dade Virtual School, 560 NW 151st, Miami, FL, 33169, USA
| | - Manoharan Mariappan
- Department of Natural Science North Florida College, 325 Turner Davis Dr, Madison, FL, 32340, USA
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9
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Sun S, Hao J, Cheng M, Liu Y, Lin B. Computational insight into gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular regioselectivity of tryptamine-ynamide cycloisomerizations. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2610-2619. [PMID: 36896738 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The regioselectivity for gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular cycloisomerizations of tryptamine-ynamides has long been elusive despite various synthetic examples of similar substrates being available. Computational studies were carried out to provide insight into the mechanisms and the origin of the substrate-dependent regioselectivity of these transformations. Based on the analyses of non-covalent interactions, distortion/interaction, and energy decomposition on the interactions between the terminal substituent of alkynes and the gold(I) catalytic ligand, the electrostatic effect was determined to be the key factor for α-position selectivity while the dispersion effect was determined to be the key factor for β-position selectivity. Our computational results were consistent with the experimental observations. This study provides useful guidance for understanding other similar gold(I)-catalyzed asymmetric alkyne cyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jinle Hao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
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10
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León Rayo DF, Mansour A, Wu W, Bhawal BN, Gagosz F. Steric, Electronic and Conformational Synergistic Effects in the Gold(I)-catalyzed α-C-H Bond Functionalization of Tertiary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212893. [PMID: 36170553 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct C-H bond functionalization is a useful strategy for the straightforward formation of C-C and C-Heteroatom bonds. In the present work, a unique approach for the challenging electrophilic Au-catalyzed α-C-H bond functionalization of tertiary amines is presented. Electronic, steric and conformational synergistic effects exerted by the use of a malonate unit in the substrate were key to the success of this transformation. This new reactivity was applied to the synthesis of tetrahydro-γ-carboline products which, under oxidative conditions, could be converted into valuable structural motifs found in bioactive alkaloid natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F León Rayo
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ali Mansour
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Département de Chimie, UMR 7652 CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Benjamin N Bhawal
- Département de Chimie, UMR 7652 CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau, France.,Present Address: EaStChem, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Canada.,Département de Chimie, UMR 7652 CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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11
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Barik D, Liu RS. Gold(I)-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation between Arylynes and C,N-Diaryl Nitrones for Chemoselective Synthesis of Quinoline Scaffolds via Gold Acetylide Intermediates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7097-7105. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Barik
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Science of Matters, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Science of Matters, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
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12
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Nguyen T, Daiann Sosa Carrizo E, Cattey H, Fleurat‐Lessard P, Roger J, Hierso J. Tetranuclear Dicationic Aurophilic Gold(I) Catalysts in Enyne Cycloisomerization: Cooperativity for a Dramatic Shift in Selectivity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200769. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan‐Anh Nguyen
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Hélène Cattey
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Paul Fleurat‐Lessard
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Julien Roger
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Jean‐Cyrille Hierso
- Université de Bourgogne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302- Université Bourgogne-Franche- Comté (UBFC) 9, avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
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13
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Fernández-Canelas P, Barrio P, González JM. Merging gold catalysis and haloethynyl frames: emphasis on halide-shift processes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Wan Q, Xin L, Zhang J, Huang X. Efficient access to 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles via gold-catalysed cycloisomerization of 1,5-diynes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1647-1651. [PMID: 35137761 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalysed cycloisomerization of 1,5-diynes is described, which offers a selective approach to access 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles. In this reaction, the cationic gold catalyst activates the ynamide moiety, initiating the cycloisomerization to produce the pyrrole core, and H2O acts as an external nucleophile to trap the vinyl cationic species, thus leading to the formation of 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Wan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Luoting Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.
| | - Xueliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
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15
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Vanjari R, Eid E, Vamisetti GB, Mandal S, Brik A. Highly Efficient Cyclization Approach of Propargylated Peptides via Gold(I)-Mediated Sequential C-N, C-O, and C-C Bond Formation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:2021-2028. [PMID: 34966846 PMCID: PMC8711126 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and efficient cyclization of unprotected N-propargylated peptides using the Au(I) organometallic complex is reported. The method relies on the activation of the propargyl functionality using gold(I) to produce a new linkage with the N-terminus amine at the cyclization site. The presented method features a fast reaction rate (within 20 min), mild conditions, chemoselectivity, wide sequence scope, and high yields (up to 87%). The strategy was successfully tested on a wide variety of 30 unprotected peptides having various sequences and lengths, thus providing access to structurally distinct cyclic peptides. The practical usefulness of this method was demonstrated in producing peptides that bind efficiently to Lys48-linked di- and tetra-ubiquitin chains. The new cyclic peptide modulators exhibited high permeability to living cells and promoted apoptosis via binding with the endogenous Lys48-linked ubiquitin chains.
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16
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Ess DH. Quasiclassical Direct Dynamics Trajectory Simulations of Organometallic Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:4410-4422. [PMID: 34761673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous metal-mediated organometallic reactions represent a very large and diverse reaction class. Density functional theory calculations are now routinely carried out and reported for analyzing organometallic mechanisms and reaction pathways. While density functional theory calculations are extremely powerful to understand the energy and structure of organometallic reactions, there are several assumptions in their use and interpretation to define reaction mechanisms and to analyze reaction selectivity. Almost always it is assumed that potential energy structures calculated with density functional theory adequately describe mechanisms and selectivity within the framework of statistical theories, for example, transition state theory and RRKM theory. However, these static structures and corresponding energy landscapes do not provide atomic motion information during reactions that could reveal nonstatistical intermediates without complete intramolecular vibrational redistribution and nonintrinsic reaction coordinate (non-IRC) pathways. While nonstatistical intermediates and non-IRC reaction pathways are now relatively well established for organic reactions, these dynamic effects have heretofore been highly underexplored in organometallic reactions. Through a series of quasiclassical density functional theory direct dynamics trajectory studies, my group has recently demonstrated that dynamic effects occur in a variety of fundamental organometallic reactions, especially bond activation reactions. For example, in the C-H activation reaction between methane and [Cp*(PMe3)IrIII(CH3)]+, while the density functional theory energy landscape showed a two-step oxidative cleavage and reductive coupling mechanism, trajectories revealed a mixture of this two-step mechanism and a dynamic one-step mechanism that skipped the [Cp*(PMe3)IrV(H)(CH3)2]+ intermediate. This study also showed that despite a methane σ-complex being located on the density functional theory surface before oxidative cleavage and after reductive coupling, this intermediate is always skipped and should not be considered an intermediate during reactive trajectories. For non-IRC reaction pathways, quasiclassical direct dynamics trajectories showed that for the isomerization of [Tp(NO)(PMe3)W(η2-benzene)] to [Tp(NO)(PMe3)W(H)(Ph)], there are many dynamic reaction pathway connections due to a relatively flat energy landscape and π coordination is not necessary for C-H bond activation through oxidative cleavage. Trajectories also showed that dynamic effects are important in selectivity for ethylene C-H activation versus π coordination in reaction with Cp(PMe3)2Re, and trajectories provide a more quantitative model of selectivity than transition state theory. Quasiclassical trajectories examining Au-catalyzed monoallylic diol cyclizations showed dynamic coupling of several reaction steps that include alkoxylation π bond addition, proton shuttling, and water elimination reaction steps. Overall, these studies highlight the need to use direct dynamics trajectory simulations to consider atomic motion during reactions to understand organometallic reaction mechanisms and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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17
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Zheng Y, Zhang TT, Shen WB. Gold-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of amide-alkynes: access to functionalized γ-lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9688-9691. [PMID: 34718364 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01846a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient gold-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of amide-alkynes is developed. A series of functionalized γ-lactams are easily accessed by employing this strategy. The tandem reaction proceeds through alkyne oxidation, carbene/alkyne metathesis, and donor/donor carbene oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Wen-Bo Shen
- College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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18
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Yamazaki S, Katayama K, Wang Z, Mikata Y, Morimoto T, Ogawa A. Sequential Knoevenagel Condensation/Cyclization for the Synthesis of Indene and Benzofulvene Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28441-28454. [PMID: 34723041 PMCID: PMC8552470 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sequential Knoevenagel condensation/cyclization leading to indene and benzofulvene derivatives has been developed. The reaction of 2-(1-phenylvinyl)benzaldehyde with malonates gave benzylidene malonates, cyclized indenes, and dehydrogenated benzofulvenes. The product selectivity depends on the reaction conditions. The reaction with piperidine, AcOH in benzene at 80 °C for 1.5 h gave a benzylidene malonate in 75% yield as a major product. The reactions with piperidine, AcOH in benzene at 80 °C for 17 h and with TiCl4-pyridine at room temperature gave an indene derivative in 56 and 79% yields, respectively, as a major product. The reaction with TiCl4-Et3N gave a benzofulvene in 40% yield selectively. Indene was transformed to a benzofulvene derivative using the reagents TiCl4-Et3N and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ). The reaction of variously substituted aryl derivatives with dimethyl malonate gave indene and benzofulvene derivatives. The reactions of 2-(1-phenylvinyl)benzaldehyde with Meldrum's acid or malononitrile also gave cyclized compounds in the suitable sequential or stepwise conditions. Furthermore, the reaction of 2-arylbenzaldehydes has been investigated. The limitation and scope have been described. The reaction mechanism of the cyclization steps has been examined by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Yamazaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
| | - Kohtaro Katayama
- Department
of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuji Mikata
- KYOUSEI
Science Center, Nara Women’s University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Graduate
School of Materials Science, Nara Institute
of Science and Technology (NAIST), Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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19
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Jo TG, Klein JEMN. Gold‐Catalyzed Direct C(sp
3
)−H Acetoxylation of Saturated Hydrocarbons. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Geun Jo
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen (The Netherlands
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20
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Bharadwaz P, Maldonado-Domínguez M, Srnec M. Bifurcating reactions: distribution of products from energy distribution in a shared reactive mode. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12682-12694. [PMID: 34703554 PMCID: PMC8494029 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02826j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifurcating reactions yield two different products emerging from one single transition state and are therefore archetypal examples of reactions that cannot be described within the framework of the traditional Eyring's transition state theory (TST). With the growing number and importance of these reactions in organic and biosynthetic chemistry, there is also an increasing demand for a theoretical tool that would allow for the accurate quantification of reaction outcome at low cost. Here, we introduce such an approach that fulfils these criteria, by evaluating bifurcation selectivity through the energy distribution within the reactive mode of the key transition state. The presented method yields an excellent agreement with experimentally reported product ratios and predicts the correct selectivity for 89% of nearly 50 various cases, covering pericyclic reactions, rearrangements, fragmentations and metal-catalyzed processes as well as a series of trifurcating reactions. With 71% of product ratios determined within the error of less than 20%, we also found that the methodology outperforms three other tested protocols introduced recently in the literature. Given its predictive power, the procedure makes reaction design feasible even in the presence of complex non-TST chemical steps. Reactive Mode Composition Factor (RMCF) analysis is a powerful tool to forecast the product distribution of bifurcating reactions through analysis of the kinetic energy distribution within the first transition state traversed by the reacting system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Bharadwaz
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 Prague 8 18223 Czech Republic
| | - Mauricio Maldonado-Domínguez
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 Prague 8 18223 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Srnec
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 3 Prague 8 18223 Czech Republic
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21
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22
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Teynor MS, Scott W, Ess DH. Catalysis with a Skip: Dynamically Coupled Addition, Proton Transfer, and Elimination during Au- and Pd-Catalyzed Diol Cyclizations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Teynor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Windsor Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Daniel H. Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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23
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Praveen C, Dupeux A, Michelet V. Catalytic Gold Chemistry: From Simple Salts to Complexes for Regioselective C-H Bond Functionalization. Chemistry 2021; 27:10495-10532. [PMID: 33904614 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gold coordinated to neutral phosphines (R3 P), N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) or anionic ligands is catalytically active in functionalizing various C-H bonds with high selectivity. The sterics/electronic nature of the studied C-H bond, oxidation state of gold and stereoelectronic capacity of the coordinated auxiliary ligand are some of the associated selectivity factors in gold-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization reactions. Hence, in this review a comprehensive update about the action of different types of gold catalysts, from simple to sophisticated ones, on C-H bond reactions and their regiochemical outcome is disclosed. This review also highlights the catalytic applications of Au(I)- and Au(III)-species in creating new opportunities for the regio- and site-selective activation of challenging C-H bonds. Finally, it also intends to stress the potential applications in selective C-H bond activation associated with a variety of heterocycles recently described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekar Praveen
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, Central Electrochemcial Research Institute (CSIR Laboratory) Alagappapuram, Karaikudi, 630003, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aurélien Dupeux
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS, University Côte d'Azur Valrose Park, Faculty of Sciences, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Véronique Michelet
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS, University Côte d'Azur Valrose Park, Faculty of Sciences, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
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24
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Kpante M, Wolf LM. Pathway Bifurcations in the Activation of Allylic Halides by Palladium and Their Influence on the Dynamics of η 1 and η 3 Allyl Intermediates. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9637-9650. [PMID: 34190566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed allylic substitution often exhibits complex product selectivity patterns, which have been primarily attributed to π ↔ σ ↔ π isomerization of the η1 and η3 allyl intermediates. Product selectivity may be even further complicated if η1- and η3-allyls share a single transition state (TS), leading to their formation resulting in a post-transition-state bifurcation (PTSB). In this work, density functional theory calculations using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) have been carried out that support the presence of a PTSB in Pd-catalyzed allylic halide activation directly influencing product selectivity. The AIMD results initiated from the TS predict the η1-allyl to be favored in the gas phase and a low dielectric (ε < 2.5) for trialkylphosphines, while the selectivity shifts toward the η3-allyl in higher dielectrics. The minimum energy path is also predicted to shift in product preference, consistent with the dynamics predictions. The bifurcation in allylic chloride activation is predicted to largely favor the η3-allyl at any solvent polarity. A PTSB was also discovered to be present in Ni and Pt allylic activation but with less bifurcation. These results offer a unique view into the mechanism of metal-catalyzed allylic substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malkaye Kpante
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Lawrence M Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
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25
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Yang B, Schouten A, Ess DH. Direct Dynamics Trajectories Reveal Nonstatistical Coordination Intermediates and Demonstrate that σ and π-Coordination Are Not Required for Rhenium(I)-Mediated Ethylene C-H Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8367-8374. [PMID: 34037393 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The C-H activation reaction between Cp(PMe3)2Re and ethylene results in kinetic selectivity for the Re-vinyl hydride I over the thermodynamically more stable Cp(PMe3)2Re(η2-ethylene) π-complex II. While transition-state and variational transition-state structures were located for individual pathways leading to I and II, DFT and CCSD(T) energies predict a large kinetic selectivity of 102-104, which is incompatible with the experimental 10:1 ratio. DFT direct quasiclassical trajectories revealed that the transition states do not provide a qualitatively correct reaction mechanism or a quantitatively correct selectivity due to a nonstatistical σ-CH coordination intermediate that precedes the transition states for C-H activation and π coordination. Using metadynamics and quasiclassical direct dynamics, we show that trajectories for the reaction between Cp(PMe3)2Re and ethylene result in direct formation of either the Re-vinyl hydride I or the π-complex II. Trajectories leading to the Re-vinyl hydride skip σ-coordination and do not require π-coordination. Consistent with experiments, trajectory selectivity provides a relatively small kinetic selectivity for the Re-vinyl hydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Anna Schouten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Daniel H Ess
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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26
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Fabian León Rayo D, Hong YJ, Campeau D, Tantillo DJ, Gagosz F. On the Mechanism of Au‐Catalyzed Enynamide‐yne Dehydro‐Diels‐Alder Reactions: An Experimental and Computational Study. Chemistry 2021; 27:10637-10648. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Fabian León Rayo
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Young J. Hong
- Department of Chemistry University of California - Davis Davis California 95616 United States
| | - Dominic Campeau
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry University of California - Davis Davis California 95616 United States
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
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27
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Ruch AA, Ellison MC, Nguyen JK, Kong F, Handa S, Nesterov VN, Slaughter LM. Highly Sterically Encumbered Gold Acyclic Diaminocarbene Complexes: Overriding Electronic Control in Regiodivergent Gold Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Ruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Matthew C. Ellison
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - John K. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078,United States
| | - Vladimir N. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - LeGrande M. Slaughter
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
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28
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Hu C, Farshadfar K, Dietl MC, Cervantes-Reyes A, Wang T, Adak T, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Li J, Ariafard A, Hashmi ASK. Gold-Catalyzed [5,5]-Rearrangement. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran 1469669191, Iran
| | - Martin C. Dietl
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alejandro Cervantes-Reyes
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tapas Adak
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Wang HF, Guo LN, Fan ZB, Tang TH, Zi W. Gold-Catalyzed Formal Hexadehydro-Diels-Alder/Carboalkoxylation Reaction Cascades. Org Lett 2021; 23:2676-2681. [PMID: 33720734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A dual gold-catalyzed hexadehydro-Diels-Alder/carboalkoxylation cascade reaction is reported. In this transformation, the gold catalyst participated in the hexadehydro-Diels-Alder step, switching the mechanism from a radical type to a cationic one, and then the catalyst activated the resulting aryne to form an ortho-Au phenyl cation species, which underwent a carboalkoxylation rearrangement rather than the expected aryne-ene reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fa Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lin-Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Fan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tian-Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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30
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Fard ST, Sekine K, Farshadfar K, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Ariafard A, Hashmi ASK. Gold-Catalyzed Annulation of 1,8-Dialkynylnaphthalenes: Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of Indenophenalene-Based Derivatives. Chemistry 2021; 27:3552-3559. [PMID: 33210327 PMCID: PMC7898384 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A simple gold-catalyzed annulation of 1,8-dialkynylnaphthalenes utilizing a cationic gold catalyst was developed. Such a peri-position of two alkynyl substituents has not been studied in gold catalysis before. Dependent on the substrate, the reactions either follow a mechanism involving vinyl cation intermediates or involve a dual gold catalysis mechanism which in an initial 6-endo-dig-cyclization generates gold(I) vinylidene intermediates that are able to insert into C-H bonds. Indenophenalene derivatives were obtained in moderate to high yields. In addition, the bidirectional gold-catalyzed annulation of tetraynes provided even larger conjugated π-systems. The optoelectronic properties of the products were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tavakkoli Fard
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Kohei Sekine
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Department of Molecular and Material SciencesInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesInstitute for Materials Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shiFukuoka816-8580Japan
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of ChemistryIslamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PoonakTehran1469669191Iran
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 75HobartTAS7001Australia
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of Science King Abdulaziz University (KAU)Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia
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31
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Green AI, Tinworth CP, Warriner S, Nelson A, Fey N. Computational Mapping of Dirhodium(II) Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:2402-2409. [PMID: 32964545 PMCID: PMC7898874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of dirhodium(II) catalysts is highly diverse, and can enable the synthesis of many different molecular classes. A tool to aid in catalyst selection, independent of mechanism and reactivity, would therefore be highly desirable. Here, we describe the development of a database for dirhodium(II) catalysts that is based on the principal component analysis of DFT-calculated parameters capturing their steric and electronic properties. This database maps the relevant catalyst space, and may facilitate exploration of the reactivity landscape for any process catalysed by dirhodium(II) complexes. We have shown that one of the principal components of these catalysts correlates with the outcome (e.g. yield, selectivity) of a transformation used in a molecular discovery project. Furthermore, we envisage that this approach will assist the selection of more effective catalyst screening sets, and, hence, the data-led optimisation of a wide range of rhodium-catalysed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam I. Green
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK
| | | | - Stuart Warriner
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK
| | - Adam Nelson
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK
| | - Natalie Fey
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS81TSUK
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32
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Sancheti SP, Patil NT. Non‐Canonical Reactivity of Gold Carbene with Alkyne: An Overview of the Mechanistic Premise. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank P. Sancheti
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
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33
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Vinogradov MM, Nesterov ID, Nelyubina YV, Pavlov AA. Pathway bifurcations in the cage rearrangement of metallacarboranes: experimental and computational evidence. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:287-293. [PMID: 33300519 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03538f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen new metallacarborane complexes of rhodium and iridium with covalently bound cage carbon atoms were synthesized and their thermal stability was investigated. Two iridium complexes undergo a polyhedral rearrangement with the formation of more than one isomer. The structures of the new isomers were determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and 11B{1H}-11B{1H} COSY NMR. A full isomerization scheme of the less thermally stable complex was proposed based on DFT calculations. According to this mechanism sequential downhill and uphill bifurcations arise in the reaction pathway. Each bifurcation is responsible for a new product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail M Vinogradov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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34
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Shen WB, Zhang TT, Zhang M, Wu JJ, Jiang XL, Ru GX, Gao GQ, Zhu XH. Cu( i)- and Au( i)-catalyzed regioselective oxidation of diynes: divergent synthesis of N-heterocycles. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00912e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The efficient and divergent construction of two types of valuable N-heterocycle is achieved easily, with the first example of the generation of α-oxo copper carbenes via copper-catalyzed oxidation of non-polarized alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Shen
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Qingdao Agricultural University Library, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Jiang
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guang-Xin Ru
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guang-Qin Gao
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Zhu
- College of Sciences and College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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35
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He Y, Song L, Liu C, Wu D, Li Z, Van Meervelt L, Van der Eycken EV. Access to Polycyclic Azepino[5,4,3- cd]indoles via a Gold-Catalyzed Post-Ugi Dearomatization Cascade. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15092-15103. [PMID: 33200934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of a rapid and diverse access to complex natural product-like 3,4-fused indole scaffolds has always attracted considerable attention from synthetic and medicinal communities. We herein disclose a modular and straightforward protocol to prepare the densely substituted polycyclic azepino[5,4,3-cd]indole scaffolds. This synthetic process involves an Ugi four-component reaction from easily available starting materials and a gold-catalyzed post-Ugi domino dearomatization/Michael addition sequence, enabling facile access to the highly functionalized azepino[5,4,3-cd]indole core with excellent chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liangliang Song
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chao Liu
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danjun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, 310014 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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36
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Song L, Van der Eycken EV. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cascade C-H Activation/Annulation Processes for the Synthesis of Polycycles. Chemistry 2020; 27:121-144. [PMID: 32530508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycycles are abundantly present in numerous advanced chemicals, functional materials, bioactive molecules and natural products. However, the strategies for the synthesis of polycycles are limited to classical reactions and transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, requiring pre-functionalized starting materials and lengthy synthetic operations. The emergence of novel approaches shows great promise for the fields of organic/medicinal/materials chemistry. Among them, transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation followed by intermolecular annulation reactions prevail, due to their straightforward manner with high atom- and step-economy, providing rapid, concise and efficient methods for the construction of diverse polycycles. Several strategies have been developed for the synthesis of polycycles, relying on sequential multiple C-H activation/annulation, or combination of C-H activation/annulation and further interaction with a proximal group, or merger of C-H activation with a cycloaddition reaction, or in situ formation of the directing group. These are attractive, efficient, step- and atom-economic methods starting from commercially available materials. This Minireview will provide an introduction to transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation for the synthesis of polycycles, helping researchers to discover indirect connections and reveal hidden opportunities. It will also promote the discovery of novel synthetic strategies relying on C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Song
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya street, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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37
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Kreuzahler M, Haberhauer G. Cyclopropenylmethyl Cation: A Concealed Intermediate in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17739-17749. [PMID: 32515893 PMCID: PMC7540476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The last years have witnessed many gold-catalyzed reactions of alkynes. One of the most prominent species in the reaction of two alkyne units is the vinyl-substituted gold vinylidene intermediate. Here, we were able to show that the reaction of a haloacetylene and an alkyne proceeds via a hitherto overlooked intermediate, namely the cyclopropenylmethyl cation. The existence and relative stability of this concealed intermediate is verified by quantum chemical calculations and 13 C-labeling experiments. A comparison between the cyclopropenylmethyl cation and the well-known vinylidene intermediate reveals that the latter is more stable only for smaller cycles. However, this stability reverses in larger cycles. In the case of the smallest representative of both species, the vinylidene cation is the transition state en route to the cyclopropenylmethyl cation. The discovery of this intermediate should help to get a deeper understanding for gold-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions of alkynes. Furthermore, since enynes can be formed from the cyclopropenylmethyl cation, the inclusion of this intermediate should enable the development of new synthetic methods for the construction of larger cyclic halogenated and non-halogenated conjugated enyne systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Kreuzahler
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 745117EssenGermany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 745117EssenGermany
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38
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Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV. Synthesis of Heteroarene‐Fused Cyclopentadienes and Related Compounds Suitable for Metallocene Preparation. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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39
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González J, Allegue D, Fernández S, Rodríguez MA, Santamaría J, Ballesteros A. Divergent Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of 1‐Alkenyl‐2‐alkynylcyclopropanes: Enyne Transformation Controlled by a Silicon Moiety. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jairo González
- Instituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo c/Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Darío Allegue
- Instituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo c/Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Sergio Fernández
- Instituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo c/Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química Universidad de la Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Javier Santamaría
- Instituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo c/Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
| | - Alfredo Ballesteros
- Instituto de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles” and Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica Universidad de Oviedo c/Julián Clavería 8 33007 Oviedo Spain
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40
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Kreuzahler M, Haberhauer G. Cyclopropenylmethylkation – Ein verborgenes Intermediat in Gold(I)‐katalysierten Reaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Kreuzahler
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 7 45117 Essen Deutschland
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 7 45117 Essen Deutschland
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41
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Song L, Tian G, Van Meervelt L, Van der Eycken EV. Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolines via Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization/Enyne Cycloisomerization/1,2-Migration Cascade. Org Lett 2020; 22:6537-6542. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Song
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guilong Tian
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biomolecular Architecture, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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42
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Pandit YB, Liu R. Gold‐Catalyzed Aminoaromatizations of 1,2‐Bis(alkynyl)benzenes with Anthranils to Yield 1‐Amino‐2‐napthaldehyde Products. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yashwant Bhaskar Pandit
- Frontier Research Center for Fundamental and Basic Science of MattersDepartment of ChemistryNational Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rai‐Shung Liu
- Frontier Research Center for Fundamental and Basic Science of MattersDepartment of ChemistryNational Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan, ROC
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43
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Sánchez‐Rodríguez EP, Cortés‐Mendoza S, Daran J, Ortega‐Alfaro MC, López‐Cortés JG, Gouygou M. Gold(I) complexes bearing P‐pyrrole phosphine ligands: Synthesis and catalytic activity towards cycloisomerization of 1,6‐enynes. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvia P. Sánchez‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Salvador Cortés‐Mendoza
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Jean‐Claude Daran
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) Université de Toulouse, UPS 205, route de Narbonne Toulouse 31077 France
| | - M. Carmen Ortega‐Alfaro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - José G. López‐Cortés
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán CdMx C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Maryse Gouygou
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination) Université de Toulouse, UPS 205, route de Narbonne Toulouse 31077 France
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44
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Dethe DH, C B N, Bhat AA. Cp*Co(III)-Catalyzed Ketone-Directed ortho-C-H Activation for the Synthesis of Indene Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7565-7575. [PMID: 32364736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A weakly coordinating, carbonyl-assisted C-H activation of aromatic systems with α,β-unsaturated ketone and subsequent aldol condensation has been developed using a Cp*Co(CO)I2 catalyst. The developed method is the first example of indene synthesis by cobalt-catalyzed C-H activation. In addition, the reaction requires mild reaction conditions and easily accessible starting materials, and it shows excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya H Dethe
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Nagabhushana C B
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Arsheed Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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45
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Lee S, Goodman JM. Rapid Route-Finding for Bifurcating Organic Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9210-9219. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanha Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Goodman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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46
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Ahrens A, Schwarz J, Lustosa DM, Pourkaveh R, Hoffmann M, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Dreuw A, Hashmi ASK. Synthesis of Fulvene Vinyl Ethers by Gold Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:5280-5287. [PMID: 32092204 PMCID: PMC7216831 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed cyclization of 1,5-diynes with ketones as reagents and solvent provides diversely substituted vinyl ethers under mild conditions. The regioselectivity of such gold-catalyzed cyclizations is usually controlled by the scaffold of the diyne. Herein, we report the first solvent-controlled switching of regioselectivity from a 6-endo-dig- to 5-endo-dig-cyclization in these transformations, providing fulvene derivatives. With respect to the functional-group tolerance, aryl fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and ethers are tolerated. Furthermore, the mechanism and selectivity are put to scrutiny by experimental studies and a thermodynamic analysis of the product. Additionally, 6-(vinyloxy)fulvenes are a hitherto unknown class of compounds. Their reactivity is briefly evaluated, to give insights into their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Julia Schwarz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Danilo M. Lustosa
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Raheleh Pourkaveh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Natural ProductsDepartment of ChemistrySharif University of TechnologyAzadi StreetPO Box 111559516TehranIran
| | - Marvin Hoffmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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47
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Slack ED, Seupel R, Aue DH, Bringmann G, Lipshutz BH. Atroposelective Total Synthesis of the Fourfold
ortho
‐Substituted Naphthyltetrahydroisoquinoline Biaryl
O
,
N
‐Dimethylhamatine. Chemistry 2019; 25:14237-14245. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Slack
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara 93106 USA
| | - Raina Seupel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Donald H. Aue
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara 93106 USA
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bruce H. Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara 93106 USA
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48
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Abstract
This review summarizes the recent developments in the field of dual gold activation chemistry. New developments including synthetic strategies, latest mechanistic insights, computational studies and the identification and isolation of key intermediates, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Zhao
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Hong FL, Wang ZS, Wei DD, Zhai TY, Deng GC, Lu X, Liu RS, Ye LW. Generation of Donor/Donor Copper Carbenes through Copper-Catalyzed Diyne Cyclization: Enantioselective and Divergent Synthesis of Chiral Polycyclic Pyrroles. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16961-16970. [PMID: 31557018 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The generation of metal carbenes from readily available alkynes represents a significant advance in metal carbene chemistry. However, most of these transformations are based on the use of noble-metal catalysts and successful examples of such an asymmetric version are still very scarce. Here a copper-catalyzed enantioselective cascade cyclization of N-propargyl ynamides is reported, enabling the practical and atom-economical construction of diverse chiral polycyclic pyrroles in generally good to excellent yields with wide substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97:3 e.r.). Importantly, this protocol represents the first copper-catalyzed asymmetric diyne cyclization. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that the generation of donor/donor copper carbenes is presumably involved in this 1,5-diyne cyclization, which is distinctively different from the related gold catalysis, and thus it constitutes a novel way for the generation of donor/donor metal carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Ze-Shu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Dong-Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Tong-Yi Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Guo-Cheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan 30013 , Republic of China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry of Fujian Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
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50
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Hofer M, de Haro T, Gómez-Bengoa E, Genoux A, Nevado C. Oxidant speciation and anionic ligand effects in the gold-catalyzed oxidative coupling of arenes and alkynes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8411-8420. [PMID: 31803420 PMCID: PMC6844217 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of the gold-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling of arenes and alkynes has been studied in detail combining stoichiometric experiments with putative reaction intermediates and DFT calculations. Our data suggest that ligand exchange between the alkyne, the Au(i)-catalyst and the hypervalent iodine reagent is responsible for the formation of both an Au(i)-acetylide complex and a more reactive "non-symmetric" I(iii) oxidant responsible for the crucial Au(i)/Au(iii) turnover. Further, the reactivity of the in situ generated Au(iii)-acetylide complex is governed by the nature of the anionic ligands transferred by the I(iii) oxidant: while halogen ligands remain unreactive, acetato ligands are efficiently displaced by the arene to yield the observed Csp2-Csp cross-coupling products through an irreversible reductive elimination step. Finally, the nature of competitive processes and catalyst deactivation pathways has also been unraveled. This detailed investigation provides insights not only on the specific features of the species involved in oxidative gold-catalyzed cross couplings but also highlights the importance of both ancillary and anionic ligands in the reactivity of the key Au(iii) intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hofer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , Zürich , CH-8057 , Switzerland .
| | - Teresa de Haro
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , Zürich , CH-8057 , Switzerland .
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I , Universidad del Pais Vasco , Apdo 1072 , CP-20080 Donostia-San Sebastián , Spain
| | - Alexandre Genoux
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , Zürich , CH-8057 , Switzerland .
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , Zürich , CH-8057 , Switzerland .
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