1
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Daliran S, Oveisi AR, Kung CW, Sen U, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Chuang CH, Khajeh M, Erkartal M, Hupp JT. Defect-enabling zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks for energy and environmental remediation applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6244-6294. [PMID: 38743011 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of defective zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) in energy and environmental remediation. Zr-MOFs have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, and deliberate introduction of defects further enhances their functionality. The review encompasses several areas where defective Zr-MOFs exhibit promise, including environmental remediation, detoxification of chemical warfare agents, photocatalytic energy conversions, and electrochemical applications. Defects play a pivotal role by creating open sites within the framework, facilitating effective adsorption and remediation of pollutants. They also contribute to the catalytic activity of Zr-MOFs, enabling efficient energy conversion processes such as hydrogen production and CO2 reduction. The review underscores the importance of defect manipulation, including control over their distribution and type, to optimize the performance of Zr-MOFs. Through tailored defect engineering and precise selection of functional groups, researchers can enhance the selectivity and efficiency of Zr-MOFs for specific applications. Additionally, pore size manipulation influences the adsorption capacity and transport properties of Zr-MOFs, further expanding their potential in environmental remediation and energy conversion. Defective Zr-MOFs exhibit remarkable stability and synthetic versatility, making them suitable for diverse environmental conditions and allowing for the introduction of missing linkers, cluster defects, or post-synthetic modifications to precisely tailor their properties. Overall, this review highlights the promising prospects of defective Zr-MOFs in addressing energy and environmental challenges, positioning them as versatile tools for sustainable solutions and paving the way for advancements in various sectors toward a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Daliran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Chung-Wei Kung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Unal Sen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
| | - Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy
- Departamento de Quimica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Av. De los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Mostafa Khajeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Erkartal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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2
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Knorr ES, Basquill CT, Bertini IA, Arcidiacono A, Beery D, Wheeler JP, Winfred JSRV, Strouse GF, Hanson K. Influence of Al 2O 3 Overlayers on Intermolecular Interactions between Metal Oxide Bound Molecules. Molecules 2023; 28:4835. [PMID: 37375390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions on inorganic substrates can have a critical impact on the electrochemical and photophysical properties of the materials and subsequent performance in hybrid electronics. Critical to the intentional formation or inhibition of these processes is controlling interactions between molecules on a surface. In this report, we investigated the impact of surface loading and atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3 overlayers on the intermolecular interactions of a ZrO2-bound anthracene derivative as probed by the photophysical properties of the interface. While surface loading density had no impact on the absorption spectra of the films, there was an increase in excimer features with surface loading as observed by both emission and transient absorption. The addition of ALD overlayers of Al2O3 resulted in a decrease in excimer formation, but the emission and transient absorption spectra were still dominated by excimer features. These results suggest that ALD may provide a post-surface loading means of influencing such intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica S Knorr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Cody T Basquill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Isabella A Bertini
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Ashley Arcidiacono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Drake Beery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Jonathan P Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - J S Raaj Vellore Winfred
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Geoffrey F Strouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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3
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Troiano JL, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Optimization of Surface Loading of the Silatrane Anchoring Group on TiO 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6582-6589. [PMID: 35076223 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anchoring groups are usually needed for the attachment of small molecules to metal oxide surfaces such as in water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (WS-DSPECs). Here, we optimize the surface loading onto titanium dioxide surfaces of the silatrane anchoring group, a triethanolamine-protected trialkoxysilane. This anchoring group is not yet widely used because prior protocols afforded low surface coverage, but it has the advantage of high stability over a wide pH range and at both oxidizing and reducing potentials when bound. A new and improved method for estimating surface coverage is described here and used to determine that loading using previously reported binding protocols is very low. However, we were able to uncover several factors contributing to this low loading, which has allowed us to develop methods to greatly improve surface coverage for a variety of silatranes. Most notably, we were able to increase the loading of a model arylsilatrane by 145% through use of a benzoic acid additive. This is not general acid catalysis because alkylsilatranes are not similarly affected and 4-t-butylbenzoic acid, having a similar pKa to benzoic acid, is not effective. Because the bulky t-butyl group of the latter additive is not expected to pi-stack with our arylsilatrane, we have tentatively assigned this enhancement to aromatic stacking between the aromatic additive and the arylsilatrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Troiano
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 520 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 520 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 520 West Campus Drive, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
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4
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Pugazhenthiran N, Murugesan S, Valdés H, Selvaraj M, Sathishkumar P, Smirniotis P, Anandan S, Mangalaraja R. Photocatalytic oxidation of ceftiofur sodium under UV–visible irradiation using plasmonic porous Ag-TiO2 nanospheres. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Inomata T, Hatano M, Kawai Y, Matsunaga A, Kitagawa T, Wasada-Tsutsui Y, Ozawa T, Masuda H. Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Properties of Homoleptic Copper(I) Complexes with Asymmetric Ligands as a DSSC Dye. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226835. [PMID: 34833927 PMCID: PMC8623343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop low-cost and efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), we designed and prepared three homoleptic Cu(I) complexes with asymmetric ligands, M1, M2, and Y3, which have the advantages of heteroleptic-type complexes and compensate for their synthetic challenges. The three copper(I) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Their absorption spectra and orbital energies were evaluated and are discussed in the context of TD-DFT calculations. The complexes have high VOC values (0.48, 0.60, and 0.66 V for M1, M2, and Y3, respectively) which are similar to previously reported copper(I) dyes with symmetric ligands, although their energy conversion efficiencies are relatively low (0.17, 0.64, and 2.66%, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
- Correspondence: (T.I.); (H.M.)
| | - Mayuka Hatano
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Yuya Kawai
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Ayaka Matsunaga
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Takuma Kitagawa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Yuko Wasada-Tsutsui
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Tomohiro Ozawa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (M.H.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (T.K.); (Y.W.-T.); (T.O.)
| | - Hideki Masuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.I.); (H.M.)
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6
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Barry E, Burns R, Chen W, De Hoe GX, De Oca JMM, de Pablo JJ, Dombrowski J, Elam JW, Felts AM, Galli G, Hack J, He Q, He X, Hoenig E, Iscen A, Kash B, Kung HH, Lewis NHC, Liu C, Ma X, Mane A, Martinson ABF, Mulfort KL, Murphy J, Mølhave K, Nealey P, Qiao Y, Rozyyev V, Schatz GC, Sibener SJ, Talapin D, Tiede DM, Tirrell MV, Tokmakoff A, Voth GA, Wang Z, Ye Z, Yesibolati M, Zaluzec NJ, Darling SB. Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems: The Central Role of Water/Solid Interfaces in Adsorption, Reactivity, and Transport. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9450-9501. [PMID: 34213328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structure, chemistry, and charge of interfaces between materials and aqueous fluids play a central role in determining properties and performance of numerous water systems. Sensors, membranes, sorbents, and heterogeneous catalysts almost uniformly rely on specific interactions between their surfaces and components dissolved or suspended in the water-and often the water molecules themselves-to detect and mitigate contaminants. Deleterious processes in these systems such as fouling, scaling (inorganic deposits), and corrosion are also governed by interfacial phenomena. Despite the importance of these interfaces, much remains to be learned about their multiscale interactions. Developing a deeper understanding of the molecular- and mesoscale phenomena at water/solid interfaces will be essential to driving innovation to address grand challenges in supplying sufficient fit-for-purpose water in the future. In this Review, we examine the current state of knowledge surrounding adsorption, reactivity, and transport in several key classes of water/solid interfaces, drawing on a synergistic combination of theory, simulation, and experiments, and provide an outlook for prioritizing strategic research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Barry
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Raelyn Burns
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Guilhem X De Hoe
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Joan Manuel Montes De Oca
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - James Dombrowski
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Jeffrey W Elam
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Alanna M Felts
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - John Hack
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Qiming He
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Xiang He
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Eli Hoenig
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Aysenur Iscen
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Benjamin Kash
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Harold H Kung
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Nicholas H C Lewis
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Chong Liu
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Xinyou Ma
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Anil Mane
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Alex B F Martinson
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Karen L Mulfort
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Julia Murphy
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Kristian Mølhave
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1 Bygning 101A, Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, Hovedstaden 2800, DK Denmark
| | - Paul Nealey
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Yijun Qiao
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Vepa Rozyyev
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Steven J Sibener
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Dmitri Talapin
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - David M Tiede
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Andrei Tokmakoff
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Gregory A Voth
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Zhongyang Wang
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Zifan Ye
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Murat Yesibolati
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1 Bygning 101A, Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, Hovedstaden 2800, DK Denmark
| | - Nestor J Zaluzec
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Photon Sciences Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Seth B Darling
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
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7
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Wang D, Huang Q, Shi W, You W, Meyer TJ. Application of Atomic Layer Deposition in Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Fagiolari L, Bonomo M, Cognetti A, Meligrana G, Gerbaldi C, Barolo C, Bella F. Photoanodes for Aqueous Solar Cells: Exploring Additives and Formulations Starting from a Commercial TiO 2 Paste. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6562-6573. [PMID: 33031645 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whereas the commercialization of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is finally proceeding taking advantage of their low cost and tunable optical features, such as colour and transparency for both indoor and building-integrated applications, the corresponding aqueous counterpart is still at its infancy. As the TiO2 electrode is a fundamental component for hybrid solar cells, this work investigates the effect of different molecular (α-terpineol, propylene carbonate) and polymeric (polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose and xanthan gum) additives that can be introduced into a commercial TiO2 paste for for screen-printing (or doctor blade). Among all, the addition of polyethylene glycol leads to the best cell performances, with markedly increased short-circuit current density (+18 %) and power conversion efficiency (+48 %) with respect to the pristine (commercial) counterpart. When further explored at different concentration levels, electrodes fabricated from polyethylene glycol-based pastes show different morphologies, thicknesses and performances, which are investigated through (photo)electrochemical, structural, physical-chemical and microscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Fagiolari
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessio Cognetti
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Meligrana
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Gerbaldi
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Bella
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
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9
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A stable dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell mediated by a NiO overlayer for water oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:12564-12571. [PMID: 31488721 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821687116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the development of photoelectrochemical cells for water splitting or CO2 reduction, a major challenge is O2 evolution at photoelectrodes that, in behavior, mimic photosystem II. At an appropriate semiconductor electrode, a water oxidation catalyst must be integrated with a visible light absorber in a stable half-cell configuration. Here, we describe an electrode consisting of a light absorber, an intermediate electron donor layer, and a water oxidation catalyst for sustained light driven water oxidation catalysis. In assembling the electrode on nanoparticle SnO2/TiO2 electrodes, a Ru(II) polypyridyl complex was used as the light absorber, NiO was deposited as an overlayer, and a Ru(II) 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylate complex as the water oxidation catalyst. In the final electrode, addition of the NiO overlayer enhanced performance toward water oxidation with the final electrode operating with a 1.1 mA/cm2 photocurrent density for 2 h without decomposition under one sun illumination in a pH 4.65 solution. We attribute the enhanced performance to the role of NiO as an electron transfer mediator between the light absorber and the catalyst.
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10
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Structural Phase Transition and Metallization of Nanocrystalline Rutile Investigated by High-Pressure Raman Spectroscopy and Electrical Conductivity. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9070441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the structural, vibrational, and electrical transport properties of nanocrystalline rutile and its high-pressure polymorphs by Raman spectroscopy, and AC complex impedance spectroscopy in conjunction with the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) up to ~25.0 GPa using the diamond anvil cell (DAC). Experimental results indicate that the structural phase transition and metallization for nanocrystalline rutile occurred with increasing pressure up to ~12.3 and ~14.5 GPa, respectively. The structural phase transition of sample at ~12.3 GPa is confirmed as a baddeleyite phase, which is verified by six new Raman characteristic peaks. The metallization of the baddeleyite phase is manifested by the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity measurements at ~14.5 GPa. However, upon decompression, the structural phase transition from the metallic baddeleyite to columbite phases at ~7.2 GPa is characterized by the inflexion point of the pressure coefficient and the pressure-dependent electrical conductivity. The recovered columbite phase is always retained to the atmospheric condition, which belongs to an irreversible phase transformation.
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11
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Bella F, Galliano S, Piana G, Giacona G, Viscardi G, Grätzel M, Barolo C, Gerbaldi C. Boosting the efficiency of aqueous solar cells: A photoelectrochemical estimation on the effectiveness of TiCl4 treatment. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Shao JY, Zhong YW. Stabilization of a Cyclometalated Ruthenium Sensitizer on Nanocrystalline TiO 2 by an Electrodeposited Covalent Layer. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3509-3517. [PMID: 30758195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A cyclometalated ruthenium sensitizer 3 containing a triphenylamine unit was synthesized and immobilized on a nanocrystalline TiO2 surface. By using oxidative electrochemical deposition, a covalent layer of a related cyclometalated ruthenium complex 2 was coupled to the top of dye 3. Electrochemical studies suggested that complex 2 was immobilized on the TiO2/3 film surface by a tetraphenylbenzidine linker to form a dimer-like structure. The immobilization of 3 and 2 was further supported by absorption spectral analysis. The resulting electrodeposited TiO2/(3+2) film displays significantly enhanced sensitizer stabilization toward basic aqueous NaOH solution with respect to the original TiO2/3 film. The dye-sensitized solar cells with the TiO2/(3+2) photoanode display a power conversion efficiency of 4.4%, which is slightly inferior to that with the TiO2/3 film (5.1%) under the same measurement conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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13
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Wu L, Eberhart M, Shan B, Nayak A, Brennaman MK, Miller AJM, Shao J, Meyer TJ. Stable Molecular Surface Modification of Nanostructured, Mesoporous Metal Oxide Photoanodes by Silane and Click Chemistry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:4560-4567. [PMID: 30608131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Binding functional molecules to nanostructured mesoporous metal oxide surfaces provides a way to derivatize metal oxide semiconductors for applications in dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPECs). The commonly used anchoring groups, phosphonates and carboxylates, are unstable as surface links to oxide surfaces at neutral and high pH, leading to rapid desorption of appended molecules. A synthetically versatile molecular attachment strategy based on initial surface modification with a silyl azide followed by click chemistry is described here. It has been used for the stable installation of surface-bound metal complexes. The resulting surfaces are highly stabilized toward complex loss with excellent thermal, photochemical, and electrochemical stabilities. The procedure involves binding 3-azidopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) to nanostructured mesoporous TiO2 or tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) electrodes by silane attachment followed by azide-terminated, Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions with an alkyne-derivatized ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complex. The chromophore-modified electrodes display enhanced photochemical and electrochemical stabilities compared to phosphonate surface binding with extended photoelectrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone for more than ∼6 h with no significant decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , 518000 , China
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Michael Eberhart
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Jing Shao
- College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , 518000 , China
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
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14
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Chen X, Fu Y, Kong T, Shang Y, Niu F, Diao Z, Shen S. Protected Hematite Nanorod Arrays with Molecular Complex Co-Catalyst for Efficient and Stable Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Chen
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Yanming Fu
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Tingting Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xi′an Shiyou University; 710054 Xi′an China
| | - Yi Shang
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Fujun Niu
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhidan Diao
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Centre for Renewable Energy; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China
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15
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Li W, Elzatahry A, Aldhayan D, Zhao D. Core-shell structured titanium dioxide nanomaterials for solar energy utilization. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8203-8237. [PMID: 30137079 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00443a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Because of its unmatched resource potential, solar energy utilization currently is one of the hottest research areas. Much effort has been devoted to developing advanced materials for converting solar energy into electricity, solar fuels, active chemicals, or heat. Among them, TiO2 nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their unique properties such as low cost, nontoxicity, good stability and excellent optical and electrical properties. Great progress has been made, but research opportunities are still present for creating new nanostructured TiO2 materials. Core-shell structured nanomaterials are of great interest as they provide a platform to integrate multiple components into a functional system, showing improved or new physical and chemical properties, which are unavailable from the isolated components. Consequently, significant effort is underway to design, fabricate and evaluate core-shell structured TiO2 nanomaterials for solar energy utilization to overcome the remaining challenges, for example, insufficient light absorption and low quantum efficiency. This review strives to provide a comprehensive overview of major advances in the synthesis of core-shell structured TiO2 nanomaterials for solar energy utilization. This review starts from the general protocols to construct core-shell structured TiO2 nanomaterials, and then discusses their applications in photocatalysis, water splitting, photocatalytic CO2 reduction, solar cells and photothermal conversion. Finally, we conclude with an outlook section to offer some insights on the future directions and prospects of core-shell structured TiO2 nanomaterials and solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
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16
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Bishal AK, Sukotjo C, Jokisaari JR, Klie RF, Takoudis CG. Enhanced Bioactivity of Collagen Fiber Functionalized with Room Temperature Atomic Layer Deposited Titania. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34443-34454. [PMID: 30212175 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface modifications of a biomaterial like collagen are crucial in improving the surface properties and thus enhancing the functionality and performance of such a material for a variety of biomedical applications. In this study, a commercially available collagen membrane's surface was functionalized by depositing an ultrathin film of titania or titanium dioxide (TiO2) using a room temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. A novel titanium precursor-oxidizer combination was used for this process in a custom-made ALD reactor. Surface characterizations revealed successful deposition of uniform, conformal TiO2 thin film on the collagen fibrillar surface, and consequently, the fibers became thicker making the membrane pores smaller. The in vitro bioactivity of the ALD-TiO2 thin film coated collagen was investigated for the first time using cell proliferation and a calcium phosphate mineralization assay. The TiO2-coated collagen demonstrated improved biocompatibility promoting higher growth and proliferation of human osteoblastic and mesenchymal stem cells when compared to that of noncoated collagen. A higher level of calcium phosphate or apatite formation was observed on ALD modified collagen surface as compared to that on noncoated collagen. Therefore, this novel material can be promising in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya K Bishal
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
- Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Jacob R Jokisaari
- Department of Physics , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Robert F Klie
- Department of Physics , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Christos G Takoudis
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
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17
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Design of Molecular Water Oxidation Catalysts Stabilized by Ultrathin Inorganic Overlayers—Is Active Site Protection Necessary? INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anchored molecular catalysts provide a good step towards bridging the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. However, applications in an aqueous environment pose a serious challenge to anchoring groups in terms of stability. Ultrathin overlayers embedding these catalysts on the surface using atomic layer deposition (ALD) are an elegant solution to tackle the anchoring group instability. The propensity of ALD precursors to react with water leads to the question whether molecules containing aqua ligands, such as most water oxidation complexes, can be protected without side reactions and deactivation during the deposition process. We synthesized two iridium and two ruthenium-based water oxidation catalysts, which contained an aqua ligand (Ir–OH2 and Ru–OH2) or a chloride (Ir–Cl and Ru–Cl) that served as a protecting group for the former. Using a ligand exchange reaction on the anchored and partially embedded Ru–Cl, the optimal overlayer thickness was determined to be 1.6 nm. An electrochemical test of the protected catalysts on meso-ITO showed different behaviors for the Ru and the Ir catalysts. The former showed no onset difference between protected and non-protected versions, but limited stability. Ir–Cl displayed excellent stability, whilst the unprotected catalyst Ir–OH2 showed a later initial onset. Self-regeneration of the catalytic activity of Ir–OH2 under operating conditions was observed. We propose chloride ligands as generally applicable protecting groups for catalysts that are to be stabilized on surfaces using ALD.
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18
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Song J, Ge A, Piercy B, Losego MD, Lian T. Effects of Al2O3 atomic layer deposition on interfacial structure and electron transfer dynamics at Re-bipyridyl complex/TiO2 interfaces. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Creissen CE, Warnan J, Reisner E. Solar H 2 generation in water with a CuCrO 2 photocathode modified with an organic dye and molecular Ni catalyst. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1439-1447. [PMID: 29629169 PMCID: PMC5875021 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04476c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitised photoelectrochemical (DSPEC) cells have emerged in recent years as a route to solar fuel production. However, fuel-forming photocathodes are presently limited by photo-corrodible narrow band gap semiconductors or the small range of available wide bandgap p-type semiconductors such as NiO that display low performance with dyes. Here, we introduce CuCrO2 as a suitable p-type semiconductor for visible light-driven H2 generation upon co-immobilisation of a phosphonated diketopyrrolopyrrole dye with a Ni-bis(diphosphine) catalyst. The hybrid CuCrO2 photocathode displays an early photocurrent onset potential of +0.75 V vs. RHE and delivers a photocurrent of 15 μA cm-2 at 0.0 V vs. RHE in pH 3 aqueous electrolyte solution under UV-filtered simulated solar irradiation. Controlled potential photoelectrolysis at 0.0 V vs. RHE shows good stability and yields a Ni catalyst-based turnover number of 126 ± 13 towards H2 after 2 h. This precious metal-free system outperforms an analogous NiO|dye/catalyst assembly and therefore highlights the benefits of using CuCrO2 as a novel material for DSPEC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Creissen
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Julien Warnan
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Department of Chemistry , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
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20
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Tian L, Föhlinger J, Pati PB, Zhang Z, Lin J, Yang W, Johansson M, Kubart T, Sun J, Boschloo G, Hammarström L, Tian H. Ultrafast dye regeneration in a core-shell NiO-dye-TiO 2 mesoporous film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:36-40. [PMID: 29210392 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07088h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a core-shell NiO-dye-TiO2 mesoporous film was fabricated for the first time, utilizing atomic layer deposition technique and a newly designed triphenylamine dye. The structure of the film was confirmed by SEM, TEM, and EDX. Excitation of the dye led to efficient and fast charge separation, by hole injection into NiO, followed by an unprecedentedly fast dye regeneration (t1/2 ≤ 500 fs) by electron transfer to TiO2. The resulting charge separated state showed a pronounced transient absorption spectrum caused by the Stark effect, and no significant decay was found within 1.9 ns. This indicates that charge recombination between NiO and TiO2 is much slower than that between the NiO and the reduced dye in the absence of the TiO2 layer (t1/2 ≈ 100 ps).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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21
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Wang D, Marquard SL, Troian-Gautier L, Sheridan MV, Sherman BD, Wang Y, Eberhart MS, Farnum BH, Dares CJ, Meyer TJ. Interfacial Deposition of Ru(II) Bipyridine-Dicarboxylate Complexes by Ligand Substitution for Applications in Water Oxidation Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:719-726. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Degao Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Seth L. Marquard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew V. Sheridan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Sherman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michael S. Eberhart
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Byron H. Farnum
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christopher J. Dares
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW
Eighth Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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22
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Materna KL, Jiang J, Regan KP, Schmuttenmaer CA, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Optimization of Photoanodes for Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by Combining a Heterogenized Iridium Water-Oxidation Catalyst with a High-Potential Porphyrin Photosensitizer. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4526-4534. [PMID: 28876510 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells has gained interest owing to their ability to generate renewable fuels from solar energy. In this study, photoanodes were assembled from a SnO2 film sensitized with a combination of a high-potential CF3 -substituted porphyrin dye with a tetrahydropyranyl-protected hydroxamic acid surface-anchoring group and a Cp*Ir (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) water-oxidation catalyst containing a silatrane anchoring group. The dye/catalyst ratios were varied from 2:1 to 32:1 to optimize the photocatalytic water oxidation. Photoelectrochemical measurements showed not only more stable and reproducible photocurrents for lower dye/catalyst ratios but also improved photostability. O2 production was confirmed in real time over a 20 h period with a Clark electrode. Photoanodes prepared from 2:1 and 8:1 dye/catalyst sensitization solutions provided the most active electrodes for photocatalytic water oxidation and performed approximately 30-35 turnovers in 20 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Materna
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Kevin P Regan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Charles A Schmuttenmaer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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23
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Eberhart MS, Wang D, Sampaio RN, Marquard SL, Shan B, Brennaman MK, Meyer GJ, Dares C, Meyer TJ. Water Photo-oxidation Initiated by Surface-Bound Organic Chromophores. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16248-16255. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Eberhart
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Degao Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Renato N. Sampaio
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Seth L. Marquard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Gerald J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christopher Dares
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, MMC 11200
SW 8th Street (CP-3044), Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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24
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Lauinger SM, Piercy BD, Li W, Yin Q, Collins-Wildman DL, Glass EN, Losego MD, Wang D, Geletii YV, Hill CL. Stabilization of Polyoxometalate Water Oxidation Catalysts on Hematite by Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:35048-35056. [PMID: 28929745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fast and earth-abundant-element polyoxometalates (POMs) have been heavily studied recently as water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) in homogeneous solution. However, POM WOCs can be quite unstable when supported on electrode or photoelectrode surfaces under applied potential. This article reports for the first time that a nanoscale oxide coating (Al2O3) applied by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) aids immobilization and greatly stabilizes this now large family of molecular WOCs when on electrode surfaces. In this study, [{RuIV4(OH)2(H2O)4}(γ-SiW10O34)2]10- (Ru4Si2) is supported on hematite photoelectrodes and then protected by ALD Al2O3; this ternary system was characterized before and after photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and voltammetry. All these studies indicate that Ru4Si2 remains intact with Al2O3 ALD protection, but not without. The thickness of the Al2O3 layer significantly affects the catalytic performance of the system: a 4 nm thick Al2O3 layer provides optimal performance with nearly 100% faradaic efficiency for oxygen generation under visible-light illumination. Al2O3 layers thicker than 6.5 nm appear to completely bury the Ru4Si2 catalyst, removing all of the catalytic activity, whereas thinner layers are insufficient to maintain a long-term attachment of the catalytic POM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Lauinger
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Brandon D Piercy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Love Manufacturing Building, 771 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Qiushi Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Daniel L Collins-Wildman
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elliot N Glass
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Mark D Losego
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Love Manufacturing Building, 771 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yurii V Geletii
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Craig L Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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25
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Lemaire PC, Lee DT, Zhao J, Parsons GN. Reversible Low-Temperature Metal Node Distortion during Atomic Layer Deposition of Al 2O 3 and TiO 2 on UiO-66-NH 2 Metal-Organic Framework Crystal Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:22042-22054. [PMID: 28598598 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are chemically functionalized micro- and mesoporous materials with high surface areas and are attractive for multiple applications including filtration, gas storage, and catalysis. Postsynthetic modification (PSM), via solution or vapor-based techniques, is a way to impart additional complexity and functionality into these materials. There is a desire to shift toward vapor-phase methods in order to ensure more controlled modification and more efficient reagent and solvent removal from the modified MOF material. In this work we explore how the metal precursors titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and trimethylaluminum (TMA), commonly used in atomic layer deposition, react with UiO-66-NH2 MOF. Using in situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) at 150 and 250 °C, we find that the ALD precursors react with μ3-OH hydroxyl and μ3-O bridging oxygen groups on Zr6 nodes, as well as oxygen from carboxylate linker groups. The reactions occur predominantly at the crystal surface at μ3-OH hydroxyl sites, with TiCl4 exhibiting greater diffusion into the MOF subsurface. FTIR analysis suggests that, at 150 °C, both TiCl4 and TMA reversibly dehydroxylate the hydroxylated UiO-66-NH2, which is accompanied by distortion of the zirconium metal clusters. Finally, we show that TiCl4 is able to react with the dehydroxylated UiO-66-NH2 structure, suggesting that TiCl4 is also able to react directly with the bridging oxygens in the metal clusters or carboxylate groups on the organic ligand. A better understanding of chemical and thermally driven MOF dehydroxylation reactions can be important for improved postsynthetic modification of MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Lemaire
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Dennis T Lee
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Gregory N Parsons
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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26
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Eberhart MS, Wee KR, Marquard S, Skinner K, Wang D, Nayak A, Meyer TJ. Fluoropolymer-Stabilized Chromophore-Catalyst Assemblies in Aqueous Buffer Solutions for Water-Oxidation Catalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2380-2384. [PMID: 28453926 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, the application of the fluorinated polymer [Dupont AF, a copolymer of 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole and tetrafluoroethylene] is described in stabilizing phosphonate-derivatized molecular assemblies on oxide electrodes. In the procedure, the polymer was dip-coated onto the surfaces of oxide electrodes with pre-bound, phosphonate-derivatized chromophores and assemblies, including assemblies for water oxidation. The results of the experiments showed a high degree of stabilization by the added polymer and a demonstration of its use in stabilizing surface-bound assemblies for water-oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Eberhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Kyung-Ryang Wee
- Department of Chemistry, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Seth Marquard
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Kasey Skinner
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
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27
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Gierszewski M, Glinka A, Grądzka I, Jancelewicz M, Ziółek M. Effects of Post-Assembly Molecular and Atomic Passivation of Sensitized Titania Surface: Dynamics of Electron Transfer Measured from Femtoseconds to Seconds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:17102-17114. [PMID: 28480696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of electron transfer at the dye-titania and titania-electrolyte interfaces is investigated in two post-sensitization processes: (i) atomic layer deposition of blocking alumina coating and (ii) hierarchical molecular multicapping. To measure the electron transfer dynamics, time-resolved spectroscopic methods (femtosecond transient absorption on the time scale from femtoseconds to nanoseconds and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on the time scale from milliseconds to seconds) are applied to the complete dye-sensitized solar cells with cobalt-based electrolyte and champion ADEKA-1 dye (with silyl-anchor unit) or its popular carboxyl-anchor analogue, MK-2 dye. Both molecular capping and alumina blocking layers slow down the electron injection process (the average rate constant decreases from 1.1 ps-1 to 0.4 ps-1) and partial sub-nanosecond back electron transfer from titania to the dye (from ca. 10 ns-1 to 5 ns-1). Very small alumina layers (of 0.1 nm thickness) have the highest impact on reducing the rate constants of these electron transfer processes, and for the thicknesses greater than 0.3 nm the rate constants hardly change. In contrast, the electron recombination between titania and electrolyte, occurring on the millisecond time scale, starts to be significantly suppressed for the blocking layers of 0.3 nm or more in thickness (up to ca. 20 times for 0.5 nm thickness with respect to that for untreated sample), improving open circuit voltage and fill factor of the cells. The amplitude of the relative photocurrent (short circuit current per number of absorbed photons) is found to depend almost exclusively on the ultrafast and fast processes taking place in the first nanoseconds after dye excitation. The positive impact of coadsorbents on the solar cells performance for both ADEKA-1 and MK-2 is also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gierszewski
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, and ‡NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Glinka
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, and ‡NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Grądzka
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, and ‡NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jancelewicz
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, and ‡NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Ziółek
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Faculty of Physics, and ‡NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań , Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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28
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Li CT, Lin RYY, Lin JT. Sensitizers for Aqueous-Based Solar Cells. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:486-496. [PMID: 28070969 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are attractive due to their sustainability, the use of water as a safe solvent for the redox mediators, and their possible applications in photoelectrochemical water splitting. However, the higher tendency of dye leaching by water and the lower wettability of dye molecules are two major obstacles that need to be tackled for future applications of aqueous DSSCs. Sensitizers designed for aqueous DSSCs are discussed based on their functions, such as modification of the molecular skeleton and the anchoring group for better stability against dye leaching by water, and the incorporation of hydrophilic entities into the dye molecule or the addition of a surfactant to the system to increase the wettability of the dye for more facile dye regeneration. Surface treatment of the photoanode to deter dye leaching or improve the wettability of the dye molecule is also discussed. Redox mediators designed for aqueous DSSCs are also discussed. The review also includes quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells, with a focus on improvements in QD loading and suppression of interfacial charge recombination at the photoanode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ryan Yeh-Yung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jiann T Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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29
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Sudhakar V, Arulkashmir A, Krishnamoorthy K. A polymer and graphene layer to increase dye regeneration and suppress back electron transfer in dye sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6629-6632. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03276e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A polymer–graphene blocking layer decreases back electron transfer and increases dye regeneration that improved the DSSC efficiency to 10.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vediappan Sudhakar
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Netoworks of Institutes for Solar Energy
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Arulraj Arulkashmir
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- CSIR-Netoworks of Institutes for Solar Energy
- Pune 411008
- India
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30
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Gao A, Li Y, Lv H, Liu D, Zhao N, Ding Q, Cao X. Melamine tunable effect in a lenalidomide-based supramolecular self-assembly system via hydrogen bonding. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01374d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, melamine could tune the self-assembly structures, rheological behaviour, and surface wettability via intermolecular hydrogen bonding between gelator 1 and melamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Yiran Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Haiting Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Na Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Henan Province Key laboratory of Utilization of Non-metallic Mineral in the South of Henan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
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31
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Meyer TJ, Sheridan MV, Sherman BD. Mechanisms of molecular water oxidation in solution and on oxide surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6148-6169. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Initial experiments on water oxidation by well-defined molecular catalysts were initiated with the goal of finding solutions to solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Matthew V. Sheridan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Benjamin D. Sherman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
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32
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Hoffeditz WL, Son HJ, Pellin MJ, Farha OK, Hupp JT. Engendering Long-Term Air and Light Stability of a TiO 2-Supported Porphyrinic Dye via Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34863-34869. [PMID: 27935694 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic and porphyrin-based chromophores are prevalent in liquid-junction photovoltaic and photocatalytic solar-cell chemistry; however, their long-term air and light instability may limit their practicality in real world technologies. Here, we describe the protection of a zinc porphyrin dye, adsorbed on nanoparticulate TiO2, from air and light degradation by a protective coating of alumina grown with a previously developed post-treatment atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. The protective Al2O3 ALD layer is deposited using dimethylaluminum isopropoxide as an Al source; in contrast to the ubiquitous ALD precursor trimethylaluminum, dimethylaluminum isopropoxide does not degrade the zinc porphyrin dye, as confirmed by UV-vis measurements. The growth of this protective ALD layer around the dye can be monitored by an in-reactor quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Furthermore, greater than 80% of porphyrin light absorption is retained over ∼1 month of exposure to air and light when the protective coating is present, whereas almost complete loss of porphyrin absorption is observed in less than 2 days in the absence of the ALD protective layer. Applying the Al2O3 post-treatment technique to the TiO2-adsorbed dye allows the dye to remain in electronic contact with both the semiconductor surface and a surrounding electrolyte solution, the combination of which makes this technique promising for numerous other electrochemical photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications, especially those involving the dye-sensitized evolution of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Hoffeditz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Pellin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Material Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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33
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Çimen Y, Peters AW, Avila JR, Hoffeditz WL, Goswami S, Farha OK, Hupp JT. Atomic Layer Deposition of Ultrathin Nickel Sulfide Films and Preliminary Assessment of Their Performance as Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12005-12012. [PMID: 27933878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal sulfides show great promise for applications ranging from catalysis to electrocatalysis to photovoltaics due to their high stability and conductivity. Nickel sulfide, particularly known for its ability to electrochemically reduce protons to hydrogen gas nearly as efficiently as expensive noble metals, can be challenging to produce with certain surface site compositions or morphologies, e.g., conformal thin films. To this end, we employed atomic layer deposition (ALD), a preeminent method to fabricate uniform and conformal films, to construct thin films of nickel sulfide (NiSx) using bis(N,N'-di-tert-butylacetamidinato)nickel(II) (Ni(amd)2) vapor and hydrogen sulfide gas. Effects of experimental conditions such as pulse and purge times and temperature on the growth of NiSx were investigated. These revealed a wide temperature range, 125-225 °C, over which self-limiting NiSx growth can be observed. In situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies revealed conventional linear growth behavior for NiSx films, with a growth rate of 9.3 ng/cm2 per cycle being obtained. The ALD-synthesized films were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. To assess the electrocatalyitic activity of NiSx for evolution of molecular hydrogen, films were grown on conductive-glass supports. Overpotentials at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 were recorded in both acidic and pH 7 phosphate buffer aqueous reaction media and found to be 440 and 576 mV, respectively, with very low NiSx loading. These results hint at the promise of ALD-grown NiSx materials as water-compatible electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Çimen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University , 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Brennaman MK, Dillon RJ, Alibabaei L, Gish MK, Dares CJ, Ashford DL, House RL, Meyer GJ, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Finding the Way to Solar Fuels with Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13085-13102. [PMID: 27654634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell (DSPEC) integrates high bandgap, nanoparticle oxide semiconductors with the light-absorbing and catalytic properties of designed chromophore-catalyst assemblies. The goals are photoelectrochemical water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen and reduction of CO2 by water to give oxygen and carbon-based fuels. Solar-driven water oxidation occurs at a photoanode and water or CO2 reduction at a cathode or photocathode initiated by molecular-level light absorption. Light absorption is followed by electron or hole injection, catalyst activation, and catalytic water oxidation or water/CO2 reduction. The DSPEC is of recent origin but significant progress has been made. It has the potential to play an important role in our energy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Melissa K Gish
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Christopher J Dares
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Dennis L Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ralph L House
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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35
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Kamire RJ, Majewski MB, Hoffeditz WL, Phelan BT, Farha OK, Hupp JT, Wasielewski MR. Photodriven hydrogen evolution by molecular catalysts using Al 2O 3-protected perylene-3,4-dicarboximide on NiO electrodes. Chem Sci 2016; 8:541-549. [PMID: 28616134 PMCID: PMC5458681 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02477g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodriven charge transfer dynamics are described for an atomic layer deposition-stabilized, organic dye-sensitized photocathode architecture that produces hydrogen.
The design of efficient hydrogen-evolving photocathodes for dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) requires the incorporation of molecular light absorbing chromophores that are capable of delivering reducing equivalents to molecular proton reduction catalysts at rates exceeding those of charge recombination events. Here, we report the functionalization and kinetic analysis of a nanostructured NiO electrode with a modified perylene-3,4-dicarboximide chromophore (PMI) that is stabilized against degradation by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of thick insulating Al2O3 layers. Following photoinduced charge injection into NiO in high yield, films with Al2O3 layers demonstrate longer charge separated lifetimes as characterized via femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical techniques. The photoelectrochemical behavior of the electrodes in the presence of Co(ii) and Ni(ii) molecular proton reduction catalysts is examined, revealing reduction of both catalysts. Under prolonged irradiation, evolved H2 is directly observed by gas chromatography supporting the applicability of PMI embedded in Al2O3 as a photocathode architecture in DSPECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Kamire
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Marek B Majewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - William L Hoffeditz
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Brian T Phelan
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL 60208-3113 , USA .
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36
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Gross MA, Creissen CE, Orchard KL, Reisner E. Photoelectrochemical hydrogen production in water using a layer-by-layer assembly of a Ru dye and Ni catalyst on NiO. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5537-5546. [PMID: 30034695 PMCID: PMC6021778 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Layer-by-layer assembly of a Ru dye and Ni catalyst on a p-type NiO photocathode enables photoelectrochemical H2 generation in water.
Capture and conversion of sunlight into the storable energy carrier H2 can be achieved through photoelectrochemical water splitting using light-absorbing cathodes and anodes bearing H2 and O2 evolving catalysts. Here, we report on the development of a dye-sensitised p-type nickel oxide (NiO) photocathode with a hexaphosphonated Ru(2,2′-bipyridine)3 based dye (RuP3) and a tetraphosphonated molecular [Ni(P2N2)2]2+ type proton reduction catalyst (NiP) for the photoreduction of aqueous protons to H2. A layer-by-layer deposition approach was employed, using Zr4+ ions to link the phosphonate units in RuP3 and NiP in a supramolecular assembly on the NiO photocathode. This approach keeps the dye in close proximity to the catalyst and semiconductor surface, but spatially separates NiP from NiO for advantageous electron transfer dynamics. The NiO|RuP3–Zr4+–NiP electrodes generate higher photocurrents and are more stable than photocathodes with RuP3 and NiP co-immobilised on the NiO surface in the absence of Zr4+ cations linking dye and catalyst. The generation of H2 with the NiO|RuP3–Zr4+–NiP hybrid electrode in pH 3 aqueous electrolyte solution during irradiation with a UV-filtered solar light simulator (λ > 400 nm, 100 mW cm–2, AM1.5G) has been confirmed by gas chromatography at an underpotential of 300 mV (Eappl = +0.3 V vs. RHE), demonstrating the potential of these electrodes to store solar energy in the chemical bond of H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A Gross
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Charles E Creissen
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Katherine L Orchard
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
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Singh R, Bapat R, Qin L, Feng H, Polshettiwar V. Atomic Layer Deposited (ALD) TiO2 on Fibrous Nano-Silica (KCC-1) for Photocatalysis: Nanoparticle Formation and Size Quantization Effect. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rustam Singh
- Nanocatalysis Laboratories
(NanoCat), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Rudheer Bapat
- Nanocatalysis Laboratories
(NanoCat), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Lijun Qin
- Laboratory of Material Surface Engineering and Nanofabrication, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Feng
- Laboratory of Material Surface Engineering and Nanofabrication, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Nanocatalysis Laboratories
(NanoCat), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
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38
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Francàs L, Richmond C, Garrido-Barros P, Planas N, Roeser S, Benet-Buchholz J, Escriche L, Sala X, Llobet A. Ru-bis(pyridine)pyrazolate (bpp)-Based Water-Oxidation Catalysts Anchored on TiO2
: The Importance of the Nature and Position of the Anchoring Group. Chemistry 2016; 22:5261-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Francàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Craig Richmond
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Barros
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Nora Planas
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Stephan Roeser
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Lluís Escriche
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
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39
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Xiang W, Chen D, Caruso RA, Cheng YB, Bach U, Spiccia L. The Effect of the Scattering Layer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Employing a Cobalt-Based Aqueous Gel Electrolyte. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3704-3711. [PMID: 26391901 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed an aqueous gel electrolyte based on the [Co(bpy)3](2+/3+) (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) redox mediator for use in n-type dye-sensitized solar cells. Application of this electrolyte in combination with titania nanoparticle-based photoanodes and mesoporous titania bead scattering layers resulted in devices with efficiencies of 4.1% under simulated AM 1.5 sunlight, compared with 3.5% for devices using scattering layers made from a commercial paste. This difference was largely a result of a 25% improvement in the short-circuit current density and was ascribed to lower diffusion resistance for the gel electrolyte within mesoporous TiO2 beads, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Transient photocurrent measurements identified mass-diffusion problems for DSCs employing the commercial TiO2 paste. Moreover, under continuous 1 sun illumination, the devices based on an aqueous gel electrolyte displayed higher stability relative to those assembled with the corresponding liquid electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchun Xiang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Dehong Chen
- PFPC, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Rachel A Caruso
- PFPC, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Manufacturing, Flexible Electronics Theme, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South,Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Udo Bach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Manufacturing, Flexible Electronics Theme, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South,Victoria 3169, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Leone Spiccia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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40
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Ashford DL, Gish MK, Vannucci AK, Brennaman MK, Templeton JL, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Molecular Chromophore–Catalyst Assemblies for Solar Fuel Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13006-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L. Ashford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Melissa K. Gish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Aaron K. Vannucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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41
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Mousa MBM, Oldham CJ, Parsons GN. Precise Nanoscale Surface Modification and Coating of Macroscale Objects: Open-Environment in Loco Atomic Layer Deposition on an Automobile. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:19523-19529. [PMID: 26270083 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental chemical reaction conditions that define atomic layer deposition (ALD) can be achieved in an open environment on a macroscale surface too large and complex for typical laboratory reactor-based ALD. We describe the concept of in loco ALD using conventional modulated reactant flow through a surface-mounted "ALD delivery head" to form a precise nanoscale Al2O3 film on the window of a parked automobile. Analysis confirms that the processes eliminated ambient water contamination and met other conditions that define ALD growth. Using this tool, we demonstrate open-ambient patterned deposition, metal corrosion protection, and polymer surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Bellah M Mousa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Christopher J Oldham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Gregory N Parsons
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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42
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Lin RYY, Wu FL, Li CT, Chen PY, Ho KC, Lin JT. High-performance aqueous/organic dye-sensitized solar cells based on sensitizers containing triethylene oxide methyl ether. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2503-2513. [PMID: 26098636 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free dyes (EO1 to EO4) containing the hydrophilic triethylene oxide methyl ether (TEOME) unit in the spacer have been synthesized and used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Efficient lithium-ion trapping by TEOME results in improved open-circuit voltage (VOC ), leading to excellent conversion efficiency of the cells, ranging from 9.02 to 9.98 % with I(-) /I3 (-) electrolyte in acetonitrile under AM 1.5 illumination. The TEOME unit also enhances the wettability of the dye molecules for application in aqueous-based DSSCs. Aqueous-based DSSCs with a dual TEMPO/iodide electrolyte exhibit high VOC values (0.80-0.88 V) and very promising cell performances of up to 5.97 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Yeh-Yung Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw
| | - Feng-Ling Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw
| | - Chun-Ting Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan)
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan)
| | - Kuo-Chuan Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan).
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan).
| | - Jiann T Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw.
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43
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Lapides AM, Sherman BD, Brennaman MK, Dares CJ, Skinner KR, Templeton JL, Meyer TJ. Synthesis, characterization, and water oxidation by a molecular chromophore-catalyst assembly prepared by atomic layer deposition. The "mummy" strategy. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6398-6406. [PMID: 30090260 PMCID: PMC6054119 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01752a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new strategy for preparing spatially-controlled, multi-component films consisting of molecular light absorbing chromophores and water oxidation catalysts on high surface area, mesoporous metal oxide surfaces is described. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used to embed a surface-bound chromophore in a thin layer of inert Al2O3, followed by catalyst binding to the new oxide surface. In a final step, catalyst surface-binding is stabilized by a subsequent ALD overlayer of Al2O3. The ALD assembly procedure bypasses synthetic difficulties arising from the preparation of phosphonic acid derivatized, covalently-linked assemblies. An ALD mummy-based assembly has been used to demonstrate photoelectrochemical dehydrogenation of hydroquinone. Electrocatalytic water oxidation at pH 8.8 is observed over a 2 hour electrolysis period and light-assisted water oxidation over a 6 hour photolysis period with O2 detected with a generator-collector electrode configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lapides
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - B D Sherman
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - M K Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - C J Dares
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - K R Skinner
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - J L Templeton
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
| | - T J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290 , Chapel Hill , NC 27599 , USA . ;
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44
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Son HJ, Kim CH, Kim DW, Jeong NC, Prasittichai C, Luo L, Wu J, Farha OK, Wasielewski MR, Hupp JT. Post-assembly atomic layer deposition of ultrathin metal-oxide coatings enhances the performance of an organic dye-sensitized solar cell by suppressing dye aggregation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:5150-5159. [PMID: 25695408 DOI: 10.1021/am507405b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dye aggregation and concomitant reduction of dye excited-state lifetimes and electron-injection yields constitute a significant mechanism for diminution of light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiencies in many dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). For TiO2-based DSCs prepared with an archetypal donor-acceptor organic dye, (E)-2-cyano-3-(5'-(5''-(p-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-thiophen-2''-yl)thiophen-2'-yl)acrylic acid (OrgD), we find, in part via ultrafast spectroscopy measurements, that postdye-adsorption atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ultrathin layers of either TiO2 or Al2O3 effectively reverses residual aggregation. Notably, the ALD treatment is significantly more effective than the widely used aggregation-inhibiting coadsorbent, chenodeoxycholic acid. Primarily because of reversal of OrgD aggregation, and resulting improved injection yields, ALD post-treatment engenders a 30+% increase in overall energy conversion efficiency. A secondary contributor to increased currents and efficiencies is an ALD-induced attenuation of the rate of interception of injected electrons, resulting in slightly more efficient charge collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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45
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Niu W, Li X, Karuturi SK, Fam DW, Fan H, Shrestha S, Wong LH, Tok AIY. Applications of atomic layer deposition in solar cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:064001. [PMID: 25604730 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/6/064001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides a unique tool for the growth of thin films with excellent conformity and thickness control down to atomic levels. The application of ALD in energy research has received increasing attention in recent years. In this review, the versatility of ALD in solar cells will be discussed. This is specifically focused on the fabrication of nanostructured photoelectrodes, surface passivation, surface sensitization, and band-structure engineering of solar cell materials. Challenges and future directions of ALD in the applications of solar cells are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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46
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Maçaira J, Mesquita I, Andrade L, Mendes A. Role of temperature in the recombination reaction on dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:22699-710. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02942b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The DSC recombination kinetics was studied up to 100 °C without electrolyte leakage or external contamination using a unique laser assisted glass sealing process. In addition to temperature having a strong influence on the recombination reaction rate, the energy of the exited electrons was found to be critical for determining the recombination activation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Maçaira
- LEPABE – Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- Portugal
| | - I. Mesquita
- LEPABE – Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- Portugal
| | - L. Andrade
- LEPABE – Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- Portugal
| | - A. Mendes
- LEPABE – Faculdade de Engenharia
- Universidade do Porto
- Portugal
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47
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Yang Z, Wang D, Bai X, Shao C, Cao D. Designing triphenylamine derivative dyes for highly effective dye-sensitized solar cells with near-infrared light harvesting up to 1100 nm. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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48
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Dong C, Xiang W, Huang F, Fu D, Huang W, Bach U, Cheng YB, Li X, Spiccia L. Controlling Interfacial Recombination in Aqueous Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Octadecyltrichlorosilane Surface Treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Dong C, Xiang W, Huang F, Fu D, Huang W, Bach U, Cheng YB, Li X, Spiccia L. Controlling interfacial recombination in aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells by octadecyltrichlorosilane surface treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6933-7. [PMID: 24861499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A general and convenient strategy is proposed for enhancing photovoltaic performance of aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) through the surface modification of titania using an organic alkyl silane. Introduction of octadecyltrichlorosilane on the surface of dyed titania photoanode as an organic barrier layer leads to the efficient suppression of electron recombination with oxidized cobalt species by restricting access of the cobalt redox couple to the titania surface. The champion ODTS-treated aqueous DSCs (0.25 mM ODTS in hexane for 5 min) exhibit a V(oc) of 821±4 mV and J(sc) of 10.17±0.21 mA cm(-2), yielding a record PCE of 5.64±0.10%. This surface treatment thus serves as a promising post-dye strategy for improving the photovoltaic performance of other aqueous DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunku Dong
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria 3800 (Australia); Department of Chemistry and State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (China)
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50
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Xing Y, Que W, Liu X, Javed HMA, He Z, He Y, Zhou T. Bi2Sn2O7–TiO2 nanocomposites for enhancing visible light photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09533b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bi2Sn2O7–TiO2 nanocomposites with different ratios of Bi2Sn2O7 (BSO) and TiO2 were prepared by combining a facile co-precipitation method with the aid of a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Xing
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Wenxiu Que
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - H. M. Asif Javed
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Zuoli He
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Yucheng He
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Ting Zhou
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
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