1
|
Dortaj H, Amani AM, Tayebi L, Azarpira N, Ghasemi Toudeshkchouei M, Hassanpour-Dehnavi A, Karami N, Abbasi M, Najafian-Najafabadi A, Zarei Behjani Z, Vaez A. Droplet-based microfluidics: an efficient high-throughput portable system for cell encapsulation. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:479-501. [PMID: 39077800 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2382744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
One of the goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is restoring primary living tissue function by manufacturing a 3D microenvironment. One of the main challenges is protecting implanted non-autologous cells or tissues from the host immune system. Cell encapsulation has emerged as a promising technique for this purpose. It involves entrapping cells in biocompatible and semi-permeable microcarriers made from natural or synthetic polymers that regulate the release of cellular secretions. In recent years, droplet-based microfluidic systems have emerged as powerful tools for cell encapsulation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These systems offer precise control over droplet size, composition, and functionality, allowing for creating of microenvironments that closely mimic native tissue. Droplet-based microfluidic systems have extensive applications in biotechnology, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. This review summarises the recent developments in droplet-based microfluidic systems and cell encapsulation techniques, as well as their applications, advantages, and challenges in biology and medicine. The integration of these technologies has the potential to revolutionise tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by providing a precise and controlled microenvironment for cell growth and differentiation. By overcoming the immune system's challenges and enabling the release of cellular secretions, these technologies hold great promise for the future of regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Ashraf Hassanpour-Dehnavi
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Karami
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Abbasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Najafian-Najafabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zarei Behjani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Olgenblum GI, Hutcheson BO, Pielak GJ, Harries D. Protecting Proteins from Desiccation Stress Using Molecular Glasses and Gels. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5668-5694. [PMID: 38635951 PMCID: PMC11082905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Faced with desiccation stress, many organisms deploy strategies to maintain the integrity of their cellular components. Amorphous glassy media composed of small molecular solutes or protein gels present general strategies for protecting against drying. We review these strategies and the proposed molecular mechanisms to explain protein protection in a vitreous matrix under conditions of low hydration. We also describe efforts to exploit similar strategies in technological applications for protecting proteins in dry or highly desiccated states. Finally, we outline open questions and possibilities for future explorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gil I. Olgenblum
- Institute
of Chemistry, Fritz Haber Research Center, and The Harvey M. Krueger
Family Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Brent O. Hutcheson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Gary J. Pielak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Integrated
Program for Biological & Genome Sciences, Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Daniel Harries
- Institute
of Chemistry, Fritz Haber Research Center, and The Harvey M. Krueger
Family Center for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shchipunov Y. Biomimetic Sol-Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:224. [PMID: 38204077 PMCID: PMC10779932 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biosilica, synthesized annually only by diatoms, is almost 1000 times more abundant than industrial silica. Biosilicification occurs at a high rate, although the concentration of silicic acid in natural waters is ~100 μM. It occurs in neutral aqueous solutions, at ambient temperature, and under the control of proteins that determine the formation of hierarchically organized structures. Using diatoms as an example, the fundamental differences between biosilicification and traditional sol-gel technology, which is performed with the addition of acid/alkali, organic solvents and heating, have been identified. The conditions are harsh for the biomaterial, as they cause protein denaturation and cell death. Numerous attempts are being made to bring sol-gel technology closer to biomineralization processes. Biomimetic synthesis must be conducted at physiological pH, room temperature, and without the addition of organic solvents. To date, significant progress has been made in approaching these requirements. The review presents a critical analysis of the approaches proposed to date for the silicification of biomacromolecules and cells, the formation of bionanocomposites with controlled structure, porosity, and functionality determined by the biomaterial. They demonstrated the broad capabilities and prospects of biomimetic methods for creating optical and photonic materials, adsorbents, catalysts and biocatalysts, sensors and biosensors, and biomaterials for biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yury Shchipunov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far East Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sha F, Xie H, Son FA, Kim KS, Gong W, Su S, Ma K, Wang X, Wang X, Farha OK. Rationally Tailored Mesoporous Hosts for Optimal Protein Encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37463331 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play important roles in the therapeutic, medical diagnostic, and chemical catalysis industries. However, their potential is often limited by their fragile and dynamic nature outside cellular environments. The encapsulation of proteins in solid materials has been widely pursued as a route to enhance their stability and ease of handling. Nevertheless, the experimental investigation of protein interactions with rationally designed synthetic hosts still represents an area in need of improvement. In this work, we leveraged the tunability and crystallinity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and developed a series of crystallographically defined protein hosts with varying chemical properties. Through systematic studies, we identified the dominating mechanisms for protein encapsulation and developed a host material with well-tailored properties to effectively encapsulate the protein ubiquitin. Specifically, in our mesoporous hosts, we found that ubiquitin encapsulation is thermodynamically favored. A more hydrophilic encapsulation environment with favorable electrostatic interactions induces enthalpically favored ubiquitin-MOF interactions, and a higher pH condition reduces the intraparticle diffusion barrier, both leading to a higher protein loading. Our findings provide a fundamental understanding of host-guest interactions between proteins and solid matrices and offer new insights to guide the design of future protein host materials to achieve optimal protein loading. The MOF modification technique used in this work also demonstrates a facile method to develop materials easily customizable for encapsulating proteins with different surface properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Sha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haomiao Xie
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Florencia A Son
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kevin S Kim
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei Gong
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengyi Su
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kaikai Ma
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingjie Wang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Apsey H, Hill D, Barron AR, Alexander S. Slippery Alkoxysilane Coatings for Antifouling Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17353-17363. [PMID: 36951685 PMCID: PMC10080537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the wettability and antifouling behavior of a range of different siloxane coatings on plastic and glass substrates. The films investigated are prepared using trimethoxysilane precursors with different alkyl chain lengths (1-18 C atoms) in order to study how the nature of the hydrophobic group affects the different parameters used to characterize wettability (contact angles, sliding angles, and contact angle hysteresis). Atomic force microscopy analysis shows that the coatings possess low surface topography [root mean squared roughness (rms) < 50 nm] and are highly transparent as studied using UV-vis spectroscopy. The sliding properties of H2O, CH2I2, methanol, and ethylene glycol were observed to be strongly influenced by the chain length of the alkoxysilane precursor used. The coatings formed from the longer chain analogues show comparable water sliding angles to superhydrophobic surfaces. These coatings show similar performance to analogous alkoxysilane coating-bearing fluorinated groups, indicating that they could act as viable environmentally friendly alternatives to some of the fluorinated films that have been widely adopted. Furthermore, these surfaces are highly durable toward common forms of abrasion and are observed to show low adhesion toward synthetic feces, indicating that their utility extends further than repelling liquids alone. Consequently, these coatings could show promise for potential use in applications in the medical sector where fouling by biological mixtures leads to an unsustainable use of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Apsey
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.
| | - Donald Hill
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.
| | - Andrew R. Barron
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.
- Arizona
Institute for Resilient Environments and Societies (AIRES), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Faculty
of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Darussalam BE1410, Brunei
| | - Shirin Alexander
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shim HC, Kim J, Park SY, Kim BS, Jang B, Lee HJ, Kim A, Hyun S, Kim JH. Full-color micro-LED display with photo-patternable and highly ambient-stable perovskite quantum dot/siloxane composite as color conversion layers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4836. [PMID: 36964232 PMCID: PMC10039071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we successfully fabricated color conversion layers (CCLs) for full-color-mico-LED display using a perovskite quantum dot (PQD)/siloxane composite by ligand exchanged PQD with silane composite followed by surface activation by an addition of halide-anion containing salt. Due to this surface activation, it was possible to construct the PQD surface with a silane ligand using a non-polar organic solvent that does not damage the PQD. As a result, the ligand-exchanged PQD with a silane compound exhibited high dispersibility in the siloxane matrix and excellent atmospheric stability due to sol-gel condensation. Based on highly ambient stable PQD/siloxane composite based CCLs, full-color micro-LED display has a 1 mm pixel pitch, about 25.4 pixels per inch (PPI) resolution was achieved. In addition, due to the thin thickness of the black matrix to prevent blue light interference, the possibility of a flexible display that can be operated without damage even with a bending radius of 5 mm was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Cheoul Shim
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanomechatronics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juho Kim
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Sung Kim
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongkyun Jang
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanomechatronics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joo Lee
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
- Center for Advanced Meta-Materials (CAMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Kim
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Hyun
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanomechatronics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Nano-Mechanics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), 156, Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanomechatronics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Morosanova MA, Morosanova EI. Sol-Gel Films Doped with Enzymes and Banana Crude Extract as Sensing Materials for Spectrophotometric Determination. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030240. [PMID: 36975689 PMCID: PMC10048095 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromogenic enzymatic reactions are very convenient for the determination of various biochemically active compounds. Sol-gel films are a promising platform for biosensor development. The creation of sol-gel films with immobilized enzymes deserves attention as an effective way to create optical biosensors. In the present work, the conditions are selected to obtain sol-gel films doped with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), mushroom tyrosinase (MT) and crude banana extract (BE), inside the polystyrene spectrophotometric cuvettes. Two procedures are proposed: the use of tetraethoxysilane-phenyltriethoxysilane (TEOS-PhTEOS) mixture as precursor, as well as the use of silicon polyethylene glycol (SPG).In both types of films, the enzymatic activity of HRP, MT, and BE is preserved. Based on the kinetics study of enzymatic reactions catalyzed by sol-gel films doped with HRP, MT, and BE, we found that encapsulation in the TEOS-PhTEOS films affects the enzymatic activity to a lesser extent compared to encapsulation in SPG films. Immobilization affects BE significantly less than MT and HRP. The Michaelis constant for BE encapsulated in TEOS-PhTEOS films almost does not differ from the Michaelis constant for a non-immobilized BE. The proposed sol-gel films allow determining hydrogen peroxide in the range of 0.2–3.5 mM (HRP containing film in the presence of TMB), and caffeic acid in the ranges of 0.5–10.0 mM and 2.0–10.0 mM (MT- and BE-containing films, respectively). BE-containing films have been used to determine the total polyphenol content of coffee in caffeic acid equivalents; the results of the analysis are in good agreement with the results obtained using an independent method of determination. These films are highly stable and can be stored without the loss of activity for 2 months at +4 °C and 2 weeks at +25 °C.
Collapse
|
8
|
Martín-Morales C, Fernández-Méndez J, Aranda P, Ruiz-Hitzky E. Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk-shell and sepiolite nanomaterials. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:522-534. [PMID: 37152474 PMCID: PMC10155620 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the bottom-up fabrication of biohybrid materials using a nanoarchitectonics approach has been applied to entrap living cells. Unicellular microorganisms, that is, cyanobacteria and yeast cells, have been immobilized in silica and silicate-based substrates organized as nanostructured materials. In a first attempt, matrices based on bionanocomposites of chitosan and alginate incorporating sepiolite clay mineral and shaped as films, beads, or foams have been explored for the immobilization of cyanobacteria. It has been observed that this type of biohybrid substrates leads to serious problems regarding the long-time survival of the encapsulated microorganisms. Alternative procedures using silica-based matrices with low sodium content, generated by sol-gel methods, as well as pre-synthesised yolk-shell bionanohybrids have been studied subsequently. Optical microscopy and SEM confirm that the silica shell microstructures provide a reduced contact between cells. The inorganic matrix increases the survival of the cells and maintains their bioactivity. Thus, the encapsulation efficiency is improved compared to the approach using a direct contact of cells in a silica matrix. Encapsulated yeast produced ethanol over a period of several days, pointing out the useful biocatalytic potential of the approach and suggesting further optimization of the present protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Martín-Morales
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Science, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Fernández-Méndez
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), C/ José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Boumya W, Charafi S, Achak M, Bessbousse H, Elhalil A, Abdennouri M, Barka N. Modification strategies of sol-gel carbon ceramic electrodes and their electrochemical applications. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
10
|
Tai T, Sha F, Wang X, Wang X, Ma K, Kirlikovali KO, Su S, Islamoglu T, Kato S, Farha OK. Leveraging Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Explore Structure–Property Relationships of Protein Immobilization in Metal–Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209110. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu‐Yi Tai
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Fanrui Sha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Kaikai Ma
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Kent O. Kirlikovali
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Shengyi Su
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Timur Islamoglu
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmed EH, Hashem AI, Adlung M, Wickleder C, Ayoub MMH, Battisha IK, Amin A. Tailoring Chitosan Nanocomposites for Planar Optical Waveguide Applications. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22700122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Tai TY, Sha F, Wang X, Wang X, Ma K, Kirlikovali KO, Su S, Islamoglu T, Kato S, Farha OK. Leveraging Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Explore Structure‐Property Relationships of Protein Immobilization in Metal‐Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Tai
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Fanrui Sha
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Kaikai Ma
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Kent O. Kirlikovali
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Shengyi Su
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Timur Islamoglu
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Northwestern University Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Omar K Farha
- Northwestern University Chemistry 2145 sheridan rd 60208 Evanston UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mohd Zuki SNS, Goh CT, Kassim MB, Tan LL. Bio-Doped Microbial Nanosilica as Optosensing Biomaterial for Visual Quantitation of Nitrite in Cured Meats. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:388. [PMID: 35735536 PMCID: PMC9221271 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A microbial optosensor for nitrite was constructed based on biomimetic silica nanoparticles, which were doped with R5, a polypeptide component of silaffin, as a robust biosilica immobilization matrix entrapped with Raoultella planticola and NAD(P)H cofactor during the in vitro biosilicification process of silica nanoparticles. Ruthenium(II)(bipy)2(phenanthroline-benzoylthiourea), the chromophoric pH probe, was physically adsorbed on the resulting biogenic nanosilica. Optical quantitation of the nitrite concentration was performed via reflectance transduction of the bio-doped microbial nanosilica at a maximum reflectance of 608 nm, due to the deprotonation of phen-BT ligands in the ruthenium complex, while the intracellular enzyme expression system catalyzed the enzymatic reduction of nitrite. Reflectance enhancement of the microbial optosensor was linearly proportional to the nitrite concentration from 1−100 mg L−1, with a 0.25 mg L−1 limit of detection and a rapid response time of 4 min. The proposed microbial optosensor showed good stability of >2 weeks, great repeatability for 5 repetitive assays (relative standard deviation, (RSD) = 0.2−1.4%), high reproducibility (RSD = 2.5%), and a negligible response to common interferents found in processed meats, such as NO3−, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions, was observed. The microbial biosensor demonstrated an excellent capacity to provide an accurate estimation of nitrite in several cured meat samples via validation using a standard UV-vis spectrophotometric Griess assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Syazni Mohd Zuki
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (S.N.S.M.Z.); (C.T.G.)
| | - Choo Ta Goh
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (S.N.S.M.Z.); (C.T.G.)
| | - Mohammad B. Kassim
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
| | - Ling Ling Tan
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (S.N.S.M.Z.); (C.T.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Homburg SV, Patel AV. Silica Hydrogels as Entrapment Material for Microalgae. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071391. [PMID: 35406264 PMCID: PMC9002651 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being a promising feedstock for food, feed, chemicals, and biofuels, microalgal production processes are still uneconomical due to slow growth rates, costly media, problematic downstreaming processes, and rather low cell densities. Immobilization via entrapment constitutes a promising tool to overcome these drawbacks of microalgal production and enables continuous processes with protection against shear forces and contaminations. In contrast to biopolymer gels, inorganic silica hydrogels are highly transparent and chemically, mechanically, thermally, and biologically stable. Since the first report on entrapment of living cells in silica hydrogels in 1989, efforts were made to increase the biocompatibility by omitting organic solvents during hydrolysis, removing toxic by-products, and replacing detrimental mineral acids or bases for pH adjustment. Furthermore, methods were developed to decrease the stiffness in order to enable proliferation of entrapped cells. This review aims to provide an overview of studied entrapment methods in silica hydrogels, specifically for rather sensitive microalgae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vanessa Homburg
- WG Fermentation and Formulation of Biologicals and Chemicals, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, Interaktion 1, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anant V Patel
- WG Fermentation and Formulation of Biologicals and Chemicals, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, Interaktion 1, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jayash SN, Cooper PR, Shelton RM, Kuehne SA, Poologasundarampillai G. Novel Chitosan-Silica Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Encapsulation and Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212267. [PMID: 34830145 PMCID: PMC8624171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels constructed from naturally derived polymers provide an aqueous environment that encourages cell growth, however, mechanical properties are poor and degradation can be difficult to predict. Whilst, synthetic hydrogels exhibit some improved mechanical properties, these materials lack biochemical cues for cells growing and have limited biodegradation. To produce hydrogels that support 3D cell cultures to form tissue mimics, materials must exhibit appropriate biological and mechanical properties. In this study, novel organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels based on chitosan and silica were prepared using the sol-gel technique. The chemical, physical and biological properties of the hydrogels were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVAs and independent-sample t-tests. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed characteristic absorption bands including amide II, Si-O and Si-O-Si confirming formation of hybrid networks. Oscillatory rheometry was used to characterise the sol to gel transition and viscoelastic behaviour of hydrogels. Furthermore, in vitro degradation revealed both chitosan and silica were released over 21 days. The hydrogels exhibited high loading efficiency as total protein loading was released in a week. There were significant differences between TC2G and C2G at all-time points (p < 0.05). The viability of osteoblasts seeded on, and encapsulated within, the hydrogels was >70% over 168 h culture and antimicrobial activity was demonstrated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. The hydrogels developed here offer alternatives for biopolymer hydrogels for biomedical use, including for application in drug/cell delivery and for bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soher N. Jayash
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK; (R.M.S.); (S.A.K.)
- Correspondence: or (S.N.J.); (G.P.)
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Richard M. Shelton
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK; (R.M.S.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Sarah A. Kuehne
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK; (R.M.S.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK; (R.M.S.); (S.A.K.)
- Correspondence: or (S.N.J.); (G.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Q, Chen M, Xiong C, Zhu X, Chen C, Zhou F, Dong Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Li Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Ye B, Zhou H, Wu Y. Dual confinement of high-loading enzymes within metal-organic frameworks for glucose sensor with enhanced cascade biocatalysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 196:113695. [PMID: 34688111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsically fragile nature and leakage of the enzymes is a major obstacle for the commercial sensor of a continuous glucose monitoring system. Herein, a dual confinement effect is developed in a three dimensional (3D) nanocage-based zeolite imidazole framework (NC-ZIF), during which the high-loading enzymes can be well encapsulated with unusual bioactivity and stability. The shell of NC-ZIF sets the first confinement to prevent enzymes leakage, and the interior nanocage of NC-ZIF provides second confinement to immobilize enzymes and offers a spacious environment to maintain their conformational freedom. Moreover, the mesoporosity of the formed NC-ZIF can be precisely controlled, which can effectively enhance the mass transport. The resulted GOx/Hemin@NC-ZIF multi-enzymes system could not only realize rapid detection of glucose by colorimetric and electrochemical sensors with high catalytic cascade activity (with an 8.3-fold and 16-fold enhancements in comparison with free enzymes in solution, respectively), but also exhibit long-term stability, excellent selectivity and reusability. More importantly, the based wearable sweatband sensor measurement results showed a high correlation (>0.84, P < 0.001) with the levels measured by commercial glucometer. The reported dual confinement strategy opens up a window to immobilize enzymes with enhanced catalytic efficiency and stability for clinical-grade noninvasive continuous glucose sensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Min Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Can Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Fangyao Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics & Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiandang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics & Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics & Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bangjiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics & Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Huang Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Yuen Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Anber MA, Al-Adaileh N, Al-Momani IF, Al-Anber Z. Encapsulation of 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanedione into the silica gel matrix for capturing uranium(VI) ion species. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|
18
|
Lei Q, Guo J, Kong F, Cao J, Wang L, Zhu W, Brinker CJ. Bioinspired Cell Silicification: From Extracellular to Intracellular. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6305-6322. [PMID: 33826324 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In nature, biosilicification directs the formation of elaborate amorphous silica exoskeletons that provide diatoms mechanically strong, chemically inert, non-decomposable silica armor conferring chemical and thermal stability as well as resistance to microbial attack, without changing the optical transparency or adversely effecting nutrient and waste exchange required for growth. These extraordinary silica/cell biocomposites have inspired decades of biomimetic research aimed at replication of diatoms' hierarchically organized exoskeletons, immobilization of cells or living organisms within silica matrices and coatings to protect them against harmful external stresses, genetic re-programming of cellular functions by virtue of physico-chemical confinement within silica, cellular integration into devices, and endowment of cells with non-native, abiotic properties through facile silica functionalization. In this Perspective, we focus our discussions on the development and concomitant challenges of bioinspired cell silicification ranging from "cells encapsulated within 3D silica matrices" and "cells encapsulated within 2D silica shells" to extra- and intracellular silica replication, wherein all biomolecular interfaces are encased within nanoscopic layers of amorphous silica. We highlight notable examples of advances in the science and technology of biosilicification and consider challenges to advancing the field, where we propose cellular "mineralization" with arbitrary nanoparticle exoskeletons as a generalizable means to impart limitless abiotic properties and functions to cells, and, based on the interchangeability of water and silicic acid and analogies between amorphous ice and amorphous silica, we consider "freezing" cells within amorphous silica as an alternative to cryo-preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lei
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Fanhui Kong
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfan Cao
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - C Jeffrey Brinker
- Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gamero-Quijano A, Dossot M, Walcarius A, Scanlon MD, Herzog G. Electrogeneration of a Free-Standing Cytochrome c-Silica Matrix at a Soft Electrified Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4033-4041. [PMID: 33761740 PMCID: PMC8562870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of a protein with a solid-liquid or a liquid-liquid interface may destabilize its conformation and hence result in a loss of biological activity. We propose here a method for the immobilization of proteins at an electrified liquid-liquid interface. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is encapsulated in a silica matrix through an electrochemical process at an electrified liquid-liquid interface. Silica condensation is triggered by the interfacial transfer of cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium, at the lower end of the interfacial potential window. Cyt c is then adsorbed on the previously electrodeposited silica layer, when the interfacial potential, Δowϕ, is at the positive end of the potential window. By cycling of the potential window back and forth, silica electrodeposition and Cyt c adsorption occur sequentially as demonstrated by in situ UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy. After collection from the liquid-liquid interface, the Cyt c-silica matrix is characterized ex situ by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, confocal Raman microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy, showing that the protein maintained its tertiary structure during the encapsulation process. The absence of denaturation is further confirmed in situ by the absence of electrocatalytic activity toward O2 (observed in the case of Cyt c denaturation). This method of protein encapsulation may be used for other proteins (e.g., Fe-S cluster oxidoreductases, copper-containing reductases, pyrroloquinoline quinone-containing enzymes, or flavoproteins) in the development of biphasic bioelectrosynthesis or bioelectrocatalysis applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Gamero-Quijano
- The
Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural
Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Manuel Dossot
- Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Micheál D. Scanlon
- The
Bernal Institute and Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural
Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Heble AY, Santelli J, Armstrong AM, Mattrey RF, Lux J. Catalase-Loaded Silica Nanoparticles Formulated via Direct Surface Modification as Potential Oxygen Generators for Hypoxia Relief. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5945-5954. [PMID: 33497181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are biological catalysts that have many potential industrial and biomedical applications. However, the widespread use of enzymes in the industry has been limited by their instability and poor recovery. In biomedical applications, systemic administration of enzymes has faced two main challenges: limited bioactivity mostly due to rapid degradation by proteases and immunogenic activity, since most enzymes are from nonhuman sources. Herein, we propose a robust enzyme-encapsulation strategy to mitigate these limitations. Catalase (CAT) was encapsulated in nanoporous silica nanoparticles (CAT-SiNPs) by first chemically modifying the enzyme surface with a silica precursor, followed by silica growth and finally poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugation. The formulation was carried out in mild aqueous conditions and yielded nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean diameter of 230 ± 10 nm and a concentration of 1.3 ± 0.8 × 1012 NPs/mL. CAT-SiNPs demonstrated high enzyme activity, optimal protection from proteolysis by proteinase K and trypsin, and excellent stability over time. In addition, a new electrochemical assay was developed to measure CAT activity in a rapid, simple, and accurate manner without interference from chromophore usually present in biological samples. Concentrations of 2.5 × 1010 to 80 × 1010 CAT-SiNPs/mL not only proved to be nontoxic in cell cultures using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay but also conferred cell protection when cells were exposed to 1 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Finally, the ability of CAT-SiNPs to release oxygen (O2) when exposed to H2O2 was demonstrated in vivo using a rat model. Following the direct injection of CAT-SiNPs in the left kidney, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) increased by more than 30 mmHg compared to the contralateral control kidney during the systemic infusion of safe levels of H2O2. This pilot study highlights the potential of CAT-SiNPs to generate O2 to relieve hypoxia in tissues and potentially sensitize tumors against radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Y Heble
- Department of Radiology, Translational Research in Ultrasound Theranostics (TRUST) Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Organic Chemistry Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Julien Santelli
- Department of Radiology, Translational Research in Ultrasound Theranostics (TRUST) Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Amanda M Armstrong
- Department of Radiology, Translational Research in Ultrasound Theranostics (TRUST) Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Robert F Mattrey
- Department of Radiology, Translational Research in Ultrasound Theranostics (TRUST) Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Jacques Lux
- Department of Radiology, Translational Research in Ultrasound Theranostics (TRUST) Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Organic Chemistry Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ogunbadejo B, Al-Zuhair S. MOFs as Potential Matrices in Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Immobilization. Molecules 2021; 26:680. [PMID: 33525568 PMCID: PMC7869009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) and their derivatives have attracted significant attention in the pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries, which has led to an increased demand for their production. CD is typically produced by the action of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) on starch. Owing to the relatively high cost of enzymes, the economic feasibility of the entire process strongly depends on the effective retention and recycling of CGTase in the reaction system, while maintaining its stability. CGTase enzymes immobilized on various supports such as porous glass beads or glyoxyl-agarose have been previously used to achieve this objective. Nevertheless, the attachment of biocatalysts on conventional supports is associated with numerous drawbacks, including enzyme leaching prominent in physical adsorption, reduced activity as a result of chemisorption, and increased mass transfer limitations. Recent reports on the successful utilization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as supports for various enzymes suggest that CGTase could be immobilized for enhanced production of CDs. The three-dimensional microenvironment of MOFs could maintain the stability of CGTase while posing minimal diffusional limitations. Moreover, the presence of different functional groups on the surfaces of MOFs could provide multiple points for attachment of CGTase, thereby reducing enzyme loss through leaching. The present review focuses on the advantages MOFs can offer as support for CGTase immobilization as well as their potential for application in CD production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulaiman Al-Zuhair
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The contentious debate between homeopathy and orthodox medicine has been due to the fact that homeopathy is founded on a heuristic philosophy that is not justified by contemporary scientific evidence. In this context, however, two pillars of the method, that is, serial dilution and succussion, are poorly understood in orthodox pharmacology. The experimental data collected in the last 10 years, by means of electronic microscopy, electron diffraction and DNA arrays investigations, are consistent with the presence of nanoparticles (nanoassociates) in homeopathic medicines and seem to provide a coherent view of the essence of the homeopathy discipline, superseding all previous speculative interpretations. An acceptance of this new evidence is here suggested to remove, in principle, the barrier that separates the conventional and homeopathic therapeutic methods, and to offer new and important perspectives on future health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dei
- Department of Chemistry, UdR INSTM, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cai Z, Wu J, Wu M, Li R, Wang P, Zhang H. Rheological characterization of novel carboxymethylated curdlan-silica hybrid hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
24
|
More than a Confinement: “Soft” and “Hard” Enzyme Entrapment Modulates Biological Catalyst Function. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalysis makes chemical and biochemical reactions kinetically accessible. From a technological point of view, organic, inorganic, and biochemical catalysis is relevant for several applications, from industrial synthesis to biomedical, material, and food sciences. A heterogeneous catalyst, i.e., a catalyst confined in a different phase with respect to the reagents’ phase, requires either its physical confinement in an immobilization matrix or its physical adsorption on a surface. In this review, we will focus on the immobilization of biological catalysts, i.e., enzymes, by comparing hard and soft immobilization matrices and their effect on the modulation of the catalysts’ function. Indeed, unlike smaller molecules, the catalytic activity of protein catalysts depends on their structure, conformation, local environment, and dynamics, properties that can be strongly affected by the immobilization matrices, which, therefore, not only provide physical confinement, but also modulate catalysis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Grzegorzewski F, Benhaim A, Itzhaik Alkotzer Y, Zelinger E, Yaakov N, Mechrez G. In situ Fabrication of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Silica Hybrid Colloidosomes by Pickering Emulsion Templating Using Trialkoxysilanes of Opposite Polarity. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1480. [PMID: 31510082 PMCID: PMC6780190 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and effective way to prepare multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT)//silica hybrid microcapsules (colloidosomes) is presented. These microcapsules have been generated by emulsion templating in a biphasic oil-in-water (o/w) system. Two trialkoxysilanes of complementary polarity, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and dodecyltriethoxysilane (DTES), were used to chemically immobilize the silica nanoparticles at the o/w interface and stabilize the as-generated Pickering emulsions. The effects of varying the o/w ratio and the concentration of the added solids on the type of emulsion formed, the oil droplet size, as well as the emulsion stability have been investigated. The emulsion phase fraction was dependent on the silica content while the droplet size increased with increasing oil volume percentage. A solid shell emerged around the oil droplets from copolymerization between silane monomers. The thickness of the resulting shells was several hundreds of nm. Although MWNTs and silica nanoparticles both were co-assembled at the o/w interface, silica has shown to be the sole stabilizer, with APTES being crucial for the formation of the shell structure. Drop-casting of the emulsion and air-drying led to hierarchical open porous MWNT-silica nanocomposites. These new structures are promising as electrically conductive thin films for variety of applications, such as electro-optics, encapsulation, or chemical sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Grzegorzewski
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (F.G.); (A.B.); (Y.I.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Avital Benhaim
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (F.G.); (A.B.); (Y.I.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Yafit Itzhaik Alkotzer
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (F.G.); (A.B.); (Y.I.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Einat Zelinger
- The Interdepartmental Equipment Unit, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Noga Yaakov
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (F.G.); (A.B.); (Y.I.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Guy Mechrez
- Department of Food Quality & Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; (F.G.); (A.B.); (Y.I.A.); (N.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kuk SK, Jang J, Han HJ, Lee E, Oh H, Kim HY, Jang J, Lee KT, Lee H, Jung YS, Park CB, Bae BS. Siloxane-Encapsulated Upconversion Nanoparticle Hybrid Composite with Highly Stable Photoluminescence against Heat and Moisture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15952-15959. [PMID: 30938501 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a siloxane-encapsulated upconversion nanoparticle hybrid composite (SE-UCNP), which exhibits excellent photoluminescence (PL) stability for over 40 days even at an elevated temperature, in high humidity, and in harsh chemicals. The SE-UCNP is synthesized through UV-induced free-radical polymerization of a sol-gel-derived UCNP-containing oligosiloxane resin (UCNP-oligosiloxane). The siloxane matrix with a random network structure by Si-O-Si bonds successfully encapsulates the UCNPs with chemical linkages between the siloxane matrix and organic ligands on UCNPs. This encapsulation results in surface passivation retaining the intrinsic fluorescent properties of UCNPs under severe conditions (e.g., 85 °C/85% relative humidity) and a wide range of pH (from 1 to 14). As an application example, we fabricate a two-color binary microbarcode based on SE-UCNP via a low-cost transfer printing process. Under near-infrared irradiation, the binary sequences in our barcode are readable enough to identify objects using a mobile phone camera. The hybridization of UCNPs with a siloxane matrix provides the capacity for highly stable UCNP-based applications in real environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eunsang Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongyeol Oh
- Department of Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hwea Yoon Kim
- Advanced Material Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) , Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. , Suwon 443-803 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kang Taek Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hohjai Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Drout RJ, Robison L, Farha OK. Catalytic applications of enzymes encapsulated in metal–organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
28
|
Homburg SV, Venkanna D, Kraushaar K, Kruse O, Kroke E, Patel AV. Entrapment and growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in biocompatible silica hydrogels. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 173:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
29
|
Optimization of a dual-functional biocatalytic system for continuous hydrolysis of lactose in milk. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
30
|
Lollar CT, Qin JS, Pang J, Yuan S, Becker B, Zhou HC. Interior Decoration of Stable Metal-Organic Frameworks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13795-13807. [PMID: 29746780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a diverse class of hybrid organic/inorganic crystalline materials composed of metal-containing nodes held in place by organic linkers. Through a discerning selection of these components, many properties such as the internal surface area, cavity size and shape, catalytic properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties may be manipulated. Because of this high level of tunability, MOFs have been heralded as ideal platforms for various applications including gas storage, separation, catalysis, and chemical sensing. (1-8) Regrettably, these theoretical possibilities are limited by the reality of constraining conditions for solvothermal synthesis, which typically include high temperatures (usually over 100 °C), the use of specific solvents, and necessary exposure to acidic or basic conditions. In order to incorporate more delicate functionalities, postsynthesis decoration methods were developed. This feature article focuses on developed interior decoration methods for stable MOFs and the dynamic relationship between such methods and MOF stability. In particular, methods to transform organic, inorganic, and organometallic MOF parts as well as combination techniques, the generation of defects, and the inclusion of enzymes are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tori Lollar
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Jun-Sheng Qin
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Jiandong Pang
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Benjamin Becker
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kukułka W, Wenelska K, Baca M, Chen X, Mijowska E. From Hollow to Solid Carbon Spheres: Time-Dependent Facile Synthesis. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100861. [PMID: 30347830 PMCID: PMC6215183 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a facile route for obtaining carbon spheres with fully tunable shell thickness. Using a hard template in chemical vapor deposition (CVD), hollow carbon spheres, solid carbon spheres, and intermediate structures can be obtained with optimized process time. The resulting carbon spheres with particle diameters of ~400 nm, as well as a controllable shell thickness from 0 to 70 nm, had high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area (up to 344.8 m2·g−1) and pore volume (up to 0.248 cm3·g−1). The sphere formation mechanism is also proposed. This simple and reproducible technique can deliver carbon materials for various applications, e.g., energy storage and conversion, adsorption, catalytic, biomedical, and environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kukułka
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastow Av. 45, 70311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Karolina Wenelska
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastow Av. 45, 70311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Martyna Baca
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastow Av. 45, 70311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Xuecheng Chen
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastow Av. 45, 70311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Ewa Mijowska
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Piastow Av. 45, 70311 Szczecin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Holzmeister I, Schamel M, Groll J, Gbureck U, Vorndran E. Artificial inorganic biohybrids: The functional combination of microorganisms and cells with inorganic materials. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:17-35. [PMID: 29698705 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biohybrids can be defined as the functional combination of proteins, viable cells or microorganisms with non-biological materials. This article reviews recent findings on the encapsulation of microorganisms and eukaryotic cells in inorganic matrices such as silica gels or cements. The entrapment of biological entities into a support material is of great benefit for processing since the encapsulation matrix protects sensitive cells from shear forces, unfavourable pH changes, or cytotoxic solvents, avoids culture-washout, and simplifies the separation of formed products. After reflecting general aspects of such an immobilization as well as the chemistry of the inorganic matrices, we focused on manufacturing aspects and the application of such biohybrids in biotechnology, medicine as well as in environmental science and for civil engineering purpose. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The encapsulation of living cells and microorganisms became an intensively studied and rapidly expanding research field with manifold applications in medicine, bio- and environmental technology, or civil engineering. Here, the use of silica or cements as encapsulation matrices have the advantage of a higher chemical and mechanical resistance towards harsh environmental conditions during processing compared to their polymeric counterparts. In this perspective, the article gives an overview about the inorganic material systems used for cell encapsulation, followed by reviewing the most important applications. The future may lay in a combination of the currently achieved biohybrid systems with additive manufacturing techniques. In a longer perspective, this would enable the direct printing of cell loaded bioreactor components.
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun Q, Fu CW, Aguila B, Perman J, Wang S, Huang HY, Xiao FS, Ma S. Pore Environment Control and Enhanced Performance of Enzymes Infiltrated in Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:984-992. [PMID: 29275637 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the drive toward green and sustainable methodologies for chemicals manufacturing, biocatalysts are predicted to have much to offer in the years to come. That being said, their practical applications are often hampered by a lack of long-term operational stability, limited operating range, and a low recyclability for the enzymes utilized. Herein, we show how covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess all the necessary requirements needed to serve as ideal host materials for enzymes. The resultant biocomposites of this study have shown the ability boost the stability and robustness of the enzyme in question, namely lipase PS, while also displaying activities far outperforming the free enzyme and biocomposites made from other types of porous materials, such as mesoporous silica and metal-organic frameworks, exemplified in the kinetic resolution of the alcohol assays performed. The ability to easily tune the pore environment of a COF using monomers bearing specific functional groups can improve its compatibility with a given enzyme. As a result, the orientation of the enzyme active site can be modulated through designed interactions between both components, thus improving the enzymatic activity of the biocomposites. Moreover, in comparison with their amorphous analogues, the well-defined COF pore channels not only make the accommodated enzymes more accessible to the reagents but also serve as stronger shields to safeguard the enzymes from deactivation, as evidenced by superior activities and tolerance to harsh environments. The amenability of COFs, along with our increasing understanding of the design rules for stabilizing enzymes in an accessible fashion, gives great promise for providing "off the shelf" biocatalysts for synthetic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chung-Wei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States.,Chung Yuan Christian University 200 , Chung-Pei Road, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Briana Aguila
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jason Perman
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Sai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China
| | - Hsi-Ya Huang
- Chung Yuan Christian University 200 , Chung-Pei Road, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Larchenko EY, Permikin VV, Safronov AP, Khonina TG. Structural features of polymeric silicon glycerolate hydrogels. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
35
|
Building on Sub-Arctic Soil: Geopolymerization of Muskeg to a Densified Load-Bearing Composite. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14711. [PMID: 29116172 PMCID: PMC5676679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The marshy water-saturated soil typical of the sub-Arctic represents a considerable impediment to the construction of roads, thereby greatly hindering human habitation and geological excavation. Muskeg, the native water-laden topsoil characteristic of the North American sub-Arctic, represents a particularly vexing challenge for road construction. Muskeg must either be entirely excavated, or for direct construction on muskeg, a mix of partial excavation and gradual compaction with the strategic placement of filling materials must be performed. Here, we demonstrate a novel and entirely reversible geopolymerization method for reinforcing muskeg with wood fibers derived from native vegetation with the addition of inorganic silicate precursors and without the addition of extraneous metal precursors. A continuous siloxane network is formed that links together the muskeg, wood fibers, and added silicates yielding a load-bearing and low-subsidence composite. The geopolymerization approach developed here, based on catalyzed formation of a siloxane network with further incorporation of cellulose, allows for an increase of density as well as compressive strength while reducing the compressibility of the composite.
Collapse
|
36
|
Guo J, Li C, Ling S, Huang W, Chen Y, Kaplan DL. Multiscale design and synthesis of biomimetic gradient protein/biosilica composites for interfacial tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2017; 145:44-55. [PMID: 28843732 PMCID: PMC5610098 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Continuous gradients present at tissue interfaces such as osteochondral systems, reflect complex tissue functions and involve changes in extracellular matrix compositions, cell types and mechanical properties. New and versatile biomaterial strategies are needed to create suitable biomimetic engineered grafts for interfacial tissue engineering. Silk protein-based composites, coupled with selective peptides with mineralization domains, were utilized to mimic the soft-to-hard transition in osteochondral interfaces. The gradient composites supported tunable mineralization and mechanical properties corresponding to the spatial concentration gradient of the mineralization domains (R5 peptide). The composite system exhibited continuous transitions in terms of composition, structure and mechanical properties, as well as cytocompatibility and biodegradability. The gradient silicified silk/R5 composites promoted and regulated osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in an osteoinductive environment in vitro. The cells differentiated along the composites in a manner consistent with the R5-gradient profile. This novel biomimetic gradient biomaterial design offers a useful approach to meet a broad range of needs in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Shengjie Ling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Benson JJ, Sakkos JK, Radian A, Wackett LP, Aksan A. Enhanced biodegradation of atrazine by bacteria encapsulated in organically modified silica gels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 510:57-68. [PMID: 28934611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation by cells encapsulated in silica gel is an economical and environmentally friendly method for the removal of toxic chemicals from the environment. In this work, recombinant E. coli expressing atrazine chlorohydrolase (AtzA) were encapsulated in organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) gels composed of TEOS, silica nanoparticles (SNPs), and either phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES) or methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). ORMOSIL gels adsorbed much higher amounts of atrazine than the hydrophilic TEOS gels. The highest amount of atrazine adsorbed by ORMOSIL gels was 48.91×10-3μmol/mlgel, compared to 8.71×10-3μmol/mlgel by the hydrophilic TEOS gels. Atrazine biodegradation rates were also higher in ORMOSIL gels than the TEOS gels, mainly due to co-localization of the hydrophobic substrate at high concentrations in close proximity of the encapsulated bacteria. A direct correlation between atrazine adsorption and biodegradation was observed unless biodegradation decreased due to severe phase separation. The optimized PTES and MTES gels had atrazine biodegradation rates of 0.041±0.003 and 0.047±0.004μmol/mlgel, respectively. These rates were approximately 80% higher than that measured in the TEOS gel. This study showed for the first time that optimized hydrophobic gel material design can be used to enhance both removal and biodegradation of hydrophobic chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joey J Benson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jonathan K Sakkos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Adi Radian
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Environmental, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Lawrence P Wackett
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alptekin Aksan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sakkos JK, Mutlu BR, Wackett LP, Aksan A. Adsorption and Biodegradation of Aromatic Chemicals by Bacteria Encapsulated in a Hydrophobic Silica Gel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:26848-26858. [PMID: 28719174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An adsorbent silica biogel material was developed via silica gel encapsulation of Pseudomonas sp. NCIB 9816-4, a bacterium that degrades a broad spectrum of aromatic pollutants. The adsorbent matrix was synthesized using silica precursors methyltrimethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane to maximize the adsorption capacity of the matrix while maintaining a highly networked and porous microstructure. The encapsulated bacteria enhanced the removal rate and capacity of the matrix for an aromatic chemical mixture. Repeated use of the material over four cycles was conducted to demonstrate that the removal capacity could be maintained with combined adsorption and biodegradation. The silica biogel can thus be used extensively without the need for disposal, as a result of continuous biodegradation by the encapsulated bacteria. However, an inverse trend was observed with the ratio of biodegradation to adsorption as a function of log Kow, suggesting increasing mass-transport limitation for the most hydrophobic chemicals used (log Kow > 4).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lawrence P Wackett
- The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Alptekin Aksan
- The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Crosley MS, Yip WT. Silica Sol–Gel Optical Biosensors: Ultrahigh Enzyme Loading Capacity on Thin Films via Kinetic Doping. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:2121-2126. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Crosley
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| | - Wai Tak Yip
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shan X, Yamauchi T, Yamamoto Y, Niyomdecha S, Ishiki K, Le DQ, Shiigi H, Nagaoka T. Spontaneous and specific binding of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli to overoxidized polypyrrole-coated microspheres. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3890-3893. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Specific identification of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli was achieved using microspheres coated with overoxidized polypyrrole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Shan
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Takuya Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Yojiro Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
- GreenChem. Inc
| | - Saroh Niyomdecha
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kengo Ishiki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Dung Q. Le
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiigi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nagaoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Effective entrapment of enzymes in solid phase materials is critical to their practical application. The entrapment generally stabilizes biological activity compared to soluble molecules and the material simplifies catalyst integration compared to other methods. A silica sol-gel process based upon biological mechanisms of inorganic material formation (biomineralization) supports protein immobilization reactions within minutes. The material has high protein binding capacity and the catalytic activity of the enzyme is retained. We have demonstrated that both oligopeptides and selected proteins will mediate the biomineralization of silica and allow effective co-encapsulation of other proteins present in the reaction mixture. The detailed methods described here provide a simple and effective approach for molecular biologists, biochemists and bioengineers to create stable, solid phase biocatalysts that may be integrated within sensors, synthetic processes, reactive barriers, energy conversion, and other biotechnology concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn R Johnson
- Hexpoint Technologies, 503 Maryland Boulevard, Mexico Beach, FL, 32456, USA
- Co-located at the Air Force Civil Engineer, Tyndall AFB, FL, 32403, USA
| | - Heather R Luckarift
- Universal Technology Corporation, 1270 N. Fairfield Road, Dayton, OH, 45432, USA.
- Co-located at the Air Force Civil Engineer, Tyndall AFB, FL, 32403, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang C, Kobayashi H, Moritaka M, Okubo M. Hollow particles are produced by the burying of sulfate end-groups inside particles prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene with potassium persulfate as initiator in the absence/presence of a nonionic emulsifier. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01608e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We resolved the longtime enigma in emulsion polymerization of styrene with K2S2O8 by showing the fact that hollow polystyrene particles were successfully prepared by heat treatment in the emulsion state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chujuan Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | | | - Mineho Moritaka
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Masayoshi Okubo
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
- Graduate School of Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang XY, Chen LH, Li Y, Rooke JC, Sanchez C, Su BL. Hierarchically porous materials: synthesis strategies and structure design. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:481-558. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 839] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses recent advances in synthesis strategies of hierarchically porous materials and their structural design from micro-, meso- to macro-length scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Joanna Claire Rooke
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI)
- University of Namur
- B-5000 Namur
- Belgium
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Paris
- UniversitePierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
- Collège de France
- France
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- State Key Laboratory Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lian X, Fang Y, Joseph E, Wang Q, Li J, Banerjee S, Lollar C, Wang X, Zhou HC. Enzyme–MOF (metal–organic framework) composites. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:3386-3401. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 791] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the syntheses and applications of metal–organic framework (MOF)–enzyme composites with specific emphasis on the merits MOFs bring to the immobilized enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xizhen Lian
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | | | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Jialuo Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Sayan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | | | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim HY, Yoon DE, Jang J, Lee D, Choi GM, Chang JH, Lee JY, Lee DC, Bae BS. Quantum Dot/Siloxane Composite Film Exceptionally Stable against Oxidation under Heat and Moisture. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16478-16485. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hwea Yoon Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Da-Eun Yoon
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Daewon Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Gwang-Mun Choi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Joon Ha Chang
- Center
for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jeong Yong Lee
- Center
for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Doh C. Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Byeong-Soo Bae
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Karthikeyan S, Kurt Z, Pandey G, Spain JC. Immobilized Biocatalyst for Detection and Destruction of the Insensitive Explosive, 2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11193-11199. [PMID: 27617621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and convenient detection of explosive components is vital for a wide spectrum of applications ranging from national security and demilitarization to environmental monitoring and restoration. With the increasing use of DNAN as a replacement for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in insensitive explosive formulations, there has been a growing interest in strategies to minimize its release and to understand and predict its behavior in the environment. Consequently, a convenient tool for its detection and destruction could enable development of more effective decontamination and demilitarization strategies. Biosensors and biocatalysts have limited applicability to the more traditional explosives because of the inherent limitations of the relevant enzymes. Here, we report a highly specific, convenient and robust biocatalyst based on a novel ether hydrolase enzyme, DNAN demethylase (that requires no cofactors), from a Nocardioides strain that can mineralize DNAN. Biogenic silica encapsulation was used to stabilize the enzyme and enable it to be packed into a model microcolumn for application as a biosensor or as a bioreactor for continuous destruction of DNAN. The immobilized enzyme was stable and not inhibited by other insensitive munitions constituents. An alternative method for DNAN detection involved coating the encapsulated enzyme on cellulose filter paper. The hydrolase based biocatalyst could provide the basis for a wide spectrum of applications including detection, identification, destruction or inertion of explosives containing DNAN (demilitarization operations), and for environmental restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zohre Kurt
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services , Calle Pullpn, Panamá, Panama
| | - Gunjan Pandey
- CSIRO Land and Water , Clunies Ross Street, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 2615, Australia
| | - Jim C Spain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Center for Environmental Diagnostics & Bioremediation, University of West Florida , 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, Florida 32514-5751, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Iurciuc (Tincu) CE, Alupei L, Savin A, Ibănescu C, Martin P, Popa M. Yeast cells immobilized in spherical gellan particles cross-linked with magnesium acetate. J Biotechnol 2016; 236:45-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
48
|
Hyde EDER, Seyfaee A, Neville F, Moreno-Atanasio R. Colloidal Silica Particle Synthesis and Future Industrial Manufacturing Pathways: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D. E. R. Hyde
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ahmad Seyfaee
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Frances Neville
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Roberto Moreno-Atanasio
- School of Engineering, and ‡School of Environmental
and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Formation and pharmacological activity of silicon—chitosan-containing glycerohydrogels obtained by biomimetic mineralization. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
50
|
Establishing the interfacial nano-structure and elemental composition of homeopathic medicines based on inorganic salts: a scientific approach. HOMEOPATHY 2016; 105:160-72. [PMID: 27211323 DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Extremely dilute systems arise in homeopathy, which uses dilution factors 10(60), 10(400) and also higher. These amounts to potencies of 30c, 200c or more, those are far beyond Avogadro's number. There is extreme skepticism among scientists about the possibility of presence of starting materials due to these high dilutions. This has led modern scientists to believe homeopathy may be at its best a placebo effect. However, our recent studies on 30c and 200c metal based homeopathic medicines clearly revealed the presence of nanoparticles of starting metals, which were found to be retained due to the manufacturing processes involved, as published earlier.(9,10) Here, we use HR-TEM and STEM techniques to study medicines arising from inorganic salts as starting materials. We show that the inorganic starting materials are present as nano-scale particles in the medicines even at 1 M potency (having a large dilution factor of 10(2000)). Thus this study has extended our physicochemical studies of metal based medicines to inorganic based medicines, and also to higher dilution. Further, we show that the particles develop a coat of silica: these particles were seen embedded in a meso-microporous silicate layer through interfacial encapsulation. Similar silicate coatings were also seen in metal based medicines. Thus, metal and inorganic salt based homeopathic medicines retain the starting material as nanoparticles encapsulated within a silicate coating. On the basis of these studies, we propose a universal microstructural hypothesis that all types of homeopathic medicines consist of silicate coated nano-structures dispersed in the solvent.
Collapse
|