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Solorzano ER, Roverso M, Bogialli S, Bortoli M, Orian L, Badocco D, Pettenuzzo S, Favaro G, Pastore P. Antioxidant activity of Zuccagnia-type propolis: A combined approach based on LC-HRMS analysis of bioanalytical-guided fractions and computational investigation. Food Chem 2024; 461:140827. [PMID: 39146684 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
This study reports a combined approach to assess the antioxidant activity of Zuccagnia-type propolis. Fractions exhibiting the highest antioxidant activities evidenced by DPPH, a β-carotene bleaching and superoxide radical scavenging activity-non-enzymatic assays, were processed by LC-HRMS/MS to characterize the relevant chemical compounds. A computational protocol based on the DFT calculations was used to rationalize the main outcomes. Among the 28 identified flavonoids, caffeic acids derivatives were in the fraction exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity, with 1-methyl-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-propyl caffeic acid ester and 1-methyl-3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-propyl caffeic acid ester as major components. Results clearly showed roles of specific chemical motifs, which can be supported by the computational analysis. This is the first report ascribing the antioxidant ability of Zuccagnia-type propolis to its content in specific caffeic acid derivatives, a potential source of radical scavenging phytochemicals. The proposed protocol can be extended to the study of other plant-products to address the most interesting bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Rita Solorzano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; Facultad de Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia, Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Marco Roverso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bogialli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marco Bortoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Orian
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Denis Badocco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Pettenuzzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Favaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Caldeira V, Fonseca TAH, N'Dembo L, Araújo R, Von Rekowski CP, Sampaio PNS, Calado CRC. A new methodology for a rapid and high-throughput comparison of molecular profiles and biological activity of phytoextracts. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:3047-3058. [PMID: 38760962 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
To robustly discover and explore phytocompounds, it is necessary to evaluate the interrelationships between the plant species, plant tissue, and the extraction process on the extract composition and to predict its cytotoxicity. The present work evaluated how Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy can acquire the molecular profile of aqueous and ethanol-based extracts obtained from leaves, seeds, and flowers of Cynara Cardunculus, and ethanol-based extracts from Matricaria chamomilla flowers, as well the impact of these extracts on the viability of mammalian cells. The extract molecular profile enabled to predict the extraction yield, and how the plant species, plant tissue, and extraction process affected the extract's relative composition. The molecular profile obtained from the culture media of cells exposed to extracts enabled to capture its impact on cells metabolism, at a higher sensitivity than the conventional assay used to determine the cell viability. Furthermore, it was possible to detect specific impacts on the cell's metabolism according to plant species, plant tissue, and extraction process. Since spectra were acquired on small volumes of samples (25 µL), after a simple dehydration step, and based on a plate with 96 wells, the method can be applied in a rapid, simple, high-throughput, and economic mode, consequently promoting the discovery of phytocompounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Caldeira
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago A H Fonseca
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luana N'Dembo
- COPELABS-Computação e Cognição Centrada nas Pessoas, Faculty of Engineering, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rúben Araújo
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristiana P Von Rekowski
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro N S Sampaio
- COPELABS-Computação e Cognição Centrada nas Pessoas, Faculty of Engineering, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília R C Calado
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- i4HB - The Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, IST - Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Song C, Wang K, Qian B, Lu J, Qiao M, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y. Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB pathway is modulated by cynarin in human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro from ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13748. [PMID: 38450992 PMCID: PMC10918724 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune chronic inflammatory disease, resulting in back pain, stiffness, and thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. Based on the reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of cynarin (Cyn), this study explored its protective role and molecular mechanisms in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from AS. The target pathways and genes were verified using Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescent staining, while molecular docking analysis was conducted. In AS-MSCs, we found that the expression levels of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were higher and IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were lower compared with healthy control (HC)-MSCs. With molecular docking analysis, the biding affinities between Cyn and Keap1-Nrf-2 and p65-IκB-α were predicted. The mRNA and protein expression of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were downregulated following Cyn administration. Meanwhile, the expression level of IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were significantly increased after Cyn pretreatment. The results suggested that the protective mechanisms of Cyn in AS-MSCs were based on enhancing the antioxidation and suppression of excessive inflammatory responses via Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB axis. Our findings demonstrate that Cyn is a potential candidate for alleviating inflammation in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Song
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bangping Qian
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jingshun Lu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mu Qiao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Nushiba Naser PT, Thoppil JE. Biochemical Screening, Fabrication of Green Nanoparticles and Its Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Studies of Endophytic Fungus Phlebia Species. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:447-460. [PMID: 38031598 PMCID: PMC10682321 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are organism dwelling totally dynamic and novel biotopes this makes them able to produce novel biochemicals that may become assets to the future. This study aims at understanding the biochemical components of the endophytic fungus Phlebia sp. synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles from it, and the antimicrobial as well as antioxidant ability of these green synthesised nanoparticles. Aqueous fungal extract was subjected for HRLCMS analysis which revealed 34 biochemicals within the extract. Silver and gold nanoparticles were also produced from the fungal extract. UV-vis analysis revealed a peak at 450 nm for silver nanoparticle and 550 nm for gold nanoparticles. FESEM analysis confirmed the presence of these nanoparticles with its spherical shape. Both of these nanoparticles were able to produce a conspicuous zone of inhibition in the antimicrobial tests against Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi. For both of the organisms under study, a concentration-dependent expansion of the zone of inhibition was discovered in the nanoparticles. However, with silver nanoparticles, a relatively high zone of inhibition and vulnerability of the organism was discovered. Four in vitro free radical scavenging assays, including the DPPH, Hydroxyl, Superoxide, and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays, were used for antioxidant analysis. The results of every test demonstrated that green synthesised silver nanoparticles had higher activity than gold nanoparticles. All of the tests showed that silver nanoparticles were more active than gold nanoparticles with the maximum value of 86.254 ± 0.296% being discovered at the greatest concentration of superoxide radical scavenging assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John E. Thoppil
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Kerala India
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5
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Vinoth M, Sivasankari S, Ahamed AKK, Alsamhary KI, Al-enazi NM, Abdel-Raouf N, Alharbi RM, Govindarajan RK, Ravi G, Alarjani KM, Sholkamy EN. Bio-Characterization and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Exopolysaccharides in Biofilm-Producing Cyanobacteria Isolated from Soil Crust: Exploring the Potential of Microalgal Biomolecules. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1065. [PMID: 37626952 PMCID: PMC10452129 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide-producing cyanobacterial strains in biological soil crusts are described, in addition to their chemical properties and antioxidant and flocculation activities. The EPSs from Pudukkottai blackish biological soil crusts (PBBSCs) showed significant amounts of total soluble proteins (0.1687 mg/mL) and carbohydrates (0.8056 mg/mL) compared with the Ariyalur blackish biological soil crusts (ABBSCs). LC-MS analysis of the cyanobacterial polysaccharides revealed the presence of natural sugars such as ribose and glucose/mannose, and uronic acids. The FTIR spectrum showed specific peak for OH and -NH stretching, C-H stretching, and carboxylic acids as the dominant groups in EPS. The in vitro DPPH assay of EPSs from PBBSCs showed 74.3% scavenging activity. Furthermore, the reducing power was determined to be 0.59 ata 500 mg/mL concentration, respectively. The extracted EPSs from the biological soil crust flocculated Kaolin clay suspension maximum at 500 mg/mL. Consequently, the cyanobacterial strain and exopolysaccharide characterization from the sacred forest's biological soil crust were analyzed for their bioactive potential, bio-crust diversity, and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Vinoth
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli 620020, Tamil Nadu, India (A.K.K.A.)
| | | | - Abdul Kareem Khaleel Ahamed
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli 620020, Tamil Nadu, India (A.K.K.A.)
| | - Khawla Ibrahim Alsamhary
- Departmen of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (K.I.A.); (N.M.A.-e.); (N.A.-R.)
| | - Nouf Mohammed Al-enazi
- Departmen of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (K.I.A.); (N.M.A.-e.); (N.A.-R.)
| | - Neveen Abdel-Raouf
- Departmen of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (K.I.A.); (N.M.A.-e.); (N.A.-R.)
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem Street, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Reem Mohammed Alharbi
- Biology Department, Science College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Gangalla Ravi
- Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, Telangana, India;
| | - Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam N. Sholkamy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Dogan Z, Kutluay VM, Genc Y, Saracoglu I. Interactions between phenolic constituents of Scutellaria salviifolia and key targets associated with inflammation: network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis and in vitro assays. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1281-1294. [PMID: 34939529 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2019119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Scutellaria salviifolia Benth. (SS), an endemic plant for Turkey, is used for gastric ailments as folk medicine. In this study, we aimed to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms with the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis in the inflammation processes of gastric ailments. Gene enrichment analysis and target screening were carried out. Experimental validation was performed via cytokines of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, antioxidant activity studies were performed by radical scavenging effects on different radicals. A total of 144 targets were listed for the isolated compounds where 26 of them were related to selected inflammation targets. According to the gene enrichment analysis, HIF1 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway were found to be involved in inflammation. We also defined AKT1, TNF, EGFR, and COX2 as key targets due to the protein-protein interactions of 26 common targets. The extract inhibited NO and IL-6 production at 100 and 200 µg/mL, while flavonoid-rich fraction possessed significant anti-inflammatory activity at the concentration of 50 and 100 µg/mL via NO and IL-6 production, respectively. It is thought that the anti-inflammatory effects of extracts, fractions and pure compounds were achieved by reducing NO and IL-6 levels via regulating the NF-κB pathway or reducing NO production by suppressing iNOS through the HIF-1 pathway when evaluated together with the results of network analysis and literature. Anti-inflammatory activities of the extract and fractions were promising and comparably with S. baicalensis, commonly used for its anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Dogan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vahap Murat Kutluay
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasin Genc
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Iclal Saracoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Kavitake D, Devi PB, Delattre C, Reddy GB, Shetty PH. Exopolysaccharides produced by Enterococcus genus - An overview. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:111-120. [PMID: 36493920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) biomolecules produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are of prodigious interest due to their unique structural, physico-chemical, and functional characteristics. Several genera of LAB including Enterococcus spp. have been studied for EPS production by various research groups worldwide. EPS produced by various strains from Enterococcus spp. have shown a wide range of functional and technological properties with potential commercial applications. Numerous techniques are used in the characterization of Enterococcus EPS to reveal their structure, linkage, monosaccharide units, functional groups, morphology, and thermal properties. Bioactive potentials of Enterococcus EPS include antioxidant, antibacterial, antibiofilm, anticancer, immunological, prebiotic, and antidiabetic potentials which have been widely reported. These functional and biological properties make Enterococcus EPS a candidate of great importance for multiple applications in the area of food, pharmaceuticals, biomedical and environmental. This review is focused on EPS produced by various strains of the Enterococcus genus isolated from different sources. Several procedures and parameters involved in the production and purification of Enterococcus EPS are also deliberated along with the functional aspects and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digambar Kavitake
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Palanisamy Bruntha Devi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - Cedric Delattre
- Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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Mehmood A, Javid S, Khan MF, Ahmad KS, Mustafa A. In vitro total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants using different solvent systems. BMC Chem 2022; 16:64. [PMID: 36030245 PMCID: PMC9419333 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00858-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, an interest has surged in utilizing indigenous medicinal plants to treat infectious illnesses and extract bioactive substances, highlighting the need to analyze medicinal plants for phytochemicals and bioactivities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of different solvent systems (aqueous, ethanol, and methanol) used for extraction on total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants of Azad Kashmir (Achillea millefolium, Bergenia ciliata, and Aloe vera). High phenolic content was found in methanol extracts of B. ciliata (27.48 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g dry weight), A. vera (25.61 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g dry weight), and A. millefolium (24.25 ± 0.67 mg GAE/g dry weight). High flavonoid content was obtained in the ethanol extract of A. millefolium (27.13 ± 0.64 mg QE/g dry weight), methanol extract of B. ciliata (17.44 ± 0.44 ± 0.44 mg QE/g dry weight), and the methanol extract of A. vera (14.68 ± 0.67 mg QE/g dry weight). Strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) was obtained with a methanol extract of B. ciliata (IC50 = 60.27 ± 0.20 µg/mL). With a zone of inhibition and a minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 10.00 ± 0.66 to 24.67 ± 1.21 mm and 78 to 625 µg/mL, respectively, all of the studied plants demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. A. vera showed greater antibacterial activity as compared to other plants under study while methanolic extract showed greater antibacterial activity than ethanolic and aqueous extract. The findings of this research support the use of these medicinal plants to treat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan.
| | - Sonia Javid
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Shafique Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Amna Mustafa
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot (UPR), Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
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Apak R, Calokerinos A, Gorinstein S, Segundo MA, Hibbert DB, Gülçin İ, Demirci Çekiç S, Güçlü K, Özyürek M, Çelik SE, Magalhães LM, Arancibia-Avila P. Methods to evaluate the scavenging activity of antioxidants toward reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2020-0902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This project was aimed to identify the quenching chemistry of biologically important reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS, including radicals), to show antioxidant action against reactive species through H‐atom and electron transfer reactions, and to evaluate the ROS/RNS scavenging activity of antioxidants with existing analytical methods while emphasizing the underlying chemical principles and advantages/disadvantages of these methods. In this report, we focused on the applications and impact of existing assays on potentiating future research and innovations to evolve better methods enabling a more comprehensive study of different aspects of antioxidants and to provide a vocabulary of terms related to antioxidants and scavengers for ROS/RNS. The main methods comprise the scavenging activity measurement of the hydroxyl radical (•OH), dioxide(•1–) (O2
•–: commonly known as the superoxide radical), dihydrogen dioxide (H2O2: commonly known as hydrogen peroxide), hydroxidochlorine (HOCl: commonly known as hypochlorous acid), dioxidooxidonitrate(1–) (ONOO−: commonly known as the peroxynitrite anion), and the peroxyl radical (ROO•). In spite of the diversity of methods, there is currently a great need to evaluate the scavenging activity of antioxidant compounds in vivo and in vitro. In addition, there are unsatisfactory methods frequently used, such as non-selective UV measurement of H2O2 scavenging, producing negative errors due to incomplete reaction of peroxide with flavonoids in the absence of transition metal ion catalysts. We also discussed the basic mechanisms of spectroscopic and electrochemical nanosensors for measuring ROS/RNS scavenging activity of antioxidants, together with leading trends and challenges and a wide range of applications. This project aids in the identification of reactive species and quantification of scavenging extents of antioxidants through various assays, makes the results comparable and more understandable, and brings a more rational basis to the evaluation of these assays and provides a critical evaluation of existing ROS/RNS scavenging assays to analytical, food chemical, and biomedical/clinical communities by emphasizing the need for developing more refined, rapid, simple, and low‐cost assays and thus opening the market for a wide range of analytical instruments, including reagent kits and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering , Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Antony Calokerinos
- Department of Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Sciences , Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens , Greece
| | - Shela Gorinstein
- The Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Marcela Alves Segundo
- Department of Chemical Sciences , LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto , Portugal
| | - David Brynn Hibbert
- New South Wales University, School of Chemistry , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Sema Demirci Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering , Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Kubilay Güçlü
- Department of Chemistry , Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Aydın , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özyürek
- Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering , Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Saliha Esin Çelik
- Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering , Avcılar, 34320 Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Luís M. Magalhães
- Department of Chemical Sciences , LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto , Portugal
| | - Patricia Arancibia-Avila
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas , Laboratorio de Ecofisiología y Microalgas, Universidad del Bio-Bio , Chillán , Chile
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Siddiqui MN, Redhwi HH, Tsagkalias I, Vouvoudi EC, Achilias DS. Development of Bio-Composites with Enhanced Antioxidant Activity Based on Poly(lactic acid) with Thymol, Carvacrol, Limonene, or Cinnamaldehyde for Active Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213652. [PMID: 34771206 PMCID: PMC8588526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The new trend in food packaging films is to use biodegradable or bio-based polymers, such as poly(lactic acid), PLA with additives such as thymol, carvacrol, limonene or cinnamaldehyde coming from natural resources (i.e., thyme, oregano, citrus fruits and cinnamon) in order to extent foodstuff shelf-life and improve consumers’ safety. Single, triple and quadruple blends of these active compounds in PLA were prepared and studied using the solvent-casting technique. The successful incorporation of the active ingredients into the polymer matrix was verified by FTIR spectroscopy. XRD and DSC data revealed that the crystallinity of PLA was not significantly affected. However, the Tg of the polymer decreased, verifying the plasticization effect of all additives. Multicomponent mixtures resulted in more intense plasticization. Cinnamaldehyde was found to play a catalytic role in the thermal degradation of PLA shifting curves to slightly lower temperatures. Release of thymol or carvacrol from the composites takes place at low rates at temperatures below 100 °C. A combined diffusion-model was found to simulate the experimental release profiles very well. Higher antioxidant activity was noticed when carvacrol was added, followed by thymol and then cinnamaldehyde and limonene. From the triple-component composites, higher antioxidant activity measured in the materials with thymol, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nahid Siddiqui
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Halim Hamid Redhwi
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ioannis Tsagkalias
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Evangelia C. Vouvoudi
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Lab of Polymer and Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.T.); (E.C.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-997822
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11
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Shafiq N, Arshad U, Yaqoob N, Khan J, Khan A, Saleem K, Rashid M, Rafiq N, Ahmad R, Javaid I, Noreen S, Bilal M. Structure-based experimental and theoretical analysis of Ricinus communis for their HepG2 human carcinoma cell line inhibitors. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Healthy Drinks with Lovely Colors: Phenolic Compounds as Constituents of Functional Beverages. BEVERAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages7010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumers increasingly prefer and seek food and beverages, which, due to their natural characteristics, bring health benefits, both in the prevention of diseases and in their curative power. In this way, the production of nutraceutical foods and beverages gains more and more importance in the market. On the other hand, and because the eyes also eat, producing attractive foods due to their color, texture, appearance, and sensory characteristics is a permanent challenge in the food industry. Being able to gather healthy and attractive items in a single food is an even greater challenge. The long list of benefits associated with phenolic compounds, such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging properties, among others, fully justifies their use in the enrichment of various food products. Thus, in this review, we propose to summarize the potential use of phenolic compounds used as ingredients of pleasant and functional beverages.
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Protective Effect of Ferulic Acid against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010090. [PMID: 33379243 PMCID: PMC7795901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferulic Acid (FA) is a highly abundant phenolic phytochemical which is present in plant tissues. FA has biological effects on physiological and pathological processes due to its anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative properties, however, the detailed mechanism(s) of function is poorly understood. We have identified FA as a molecule that inhibits apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or actinomycin D (ActD) in rat pheochromocytoma, PC12 cell. We also found that FA reduces H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PC12 cell, thereby acting as an anti-oxidant. Then, we analyzed FA-mediated signaling responses in rat pheochromocytoma, PC12 cells using antibody arrays for phosphokinase and apoptosis related proteins. This FA signaling pathway in PC12 cells includes inactivation of pro-apoptotic proteins, SMAC/Diablo and Bad. In addition, FA attenuates the cell injury by H2O2 through the inhibition of phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Importantly, we find that FA restores expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key neuroprotective effector, in H2O2-treated PC12 cells. As a possible mechanism, FA increases BDNF by regulating microRNA-10b expression following H2O2 stimulation. Taken together, FA has broad biological effects as a neuroprotective modulator to regulate the expression of phosphokinases, apoptosis-related proteins and microRNAs against oxidative stress in PC12 cells.
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Scavo A, Rial C, Molinillo JMG, Varela RM, Mauromicale G, Macı As FA. Effect of Shading on the Sesquiterpene Lactone Content and Phytotoxicity of Cultivated Cardoon Leaf Extracts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11946-11953. [PMID: 33052675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The work described here follows on from a previous study focused on the influence of the genotype and harvest time on the sesquiterpene lactone (STL) profile of Cynara cardunculus L. leaf extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect that 60% plant shading in cultivated cardoon (C. cardunculus var. altilis) leaf extracts harvested in winter and spring had on the composition of STLs and the phytotoxicity. The phytotoxicity of leaf extracts was evaluated by assessing wheat coleoptile elongation along with seed germination and the root and shoot length of the weeds Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Portulaca oleracea L. Shading increased the production of STLs in spring, and this effect correlated positively with the phytotoxic activity. The induction of shading can therefore be used to modulate STL concentrations and their phytotoxic potential in cultivated cardoon leaves for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Scavo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Giovanni Mauromicale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Francisco Antonio Macı As
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
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15
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Sharma K, Sharma N, Handa S, Pathania S. Purification and characterization of novel exopolysaccharides produced from Lactobacillus paraplantarum KM1 isolated from human milk and its cytotoxicity. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:56. [PMID: 33009642 PMCID: PMC7532255 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Microbial origin polysaccharides have gained popularity due to lesser toxicity, better degradability and selectivity as compared to their synthetic counterparts and can be used as emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, texturizer, flocculating and gelling agent. Here main emphasis on exopolysaccharide production from potential lactic acid bacteria that has GRAS status. Results This work was aimed at isolating, purifying and characterizing an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by a foodgrade lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus paraplantarum KM1. L. paraplantarum KM1 was isolated from human milk and identified by conventional and molecular techniques. The 16S rRNA sequence of the isolate was registered in National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under accession number KX671558. L. paraplantarum KM1 was found to produce EPSs in lactose containing MRS medium, and the maximum yield (47.4 mg/ml) was achieved after 32-h incubation. As evident from TLC and HPLC analyses, the polysaccharide was found to be a heteropolymer-containing glucose, galactose and mannose as main sugars. Different oligosaccharides namely hexoses were obtained after partial hydrolysis of the polymer using MALDI-ToF-MS. The total molecular weight of all polysaccharides present was 348.7 kDa with 100 °C thermal stability as well as water soluble in nature. Cell cytotoxicity revealed that the purified EPS was safe for consumption; thus, it can be used in various food industries as emulsifying and texture agent. Conclusions The present study highlighted that exopolysaccharides could be harnessed to improve food products in terms of texture, emulsifying agents, pharmaceutical industry (antioxidants, antitumour, anti-inflammatory and antiviral agents) and as safety purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Sharma
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India.
| | - Nivedita Sharma
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
| | - Shweta Handa
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
| | - Shruti Pathania
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
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16
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Prosopis nigra fruits waste characterization, a potential source of functional ingredients for food formulations. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Bindu A, Lakshmidevi N. Identification and in vitro evaluation of probiotic attributes of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented food sources. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:579-595. [PMID: 32990771 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Consumer's vigilance towards health-promoting foods beyond only taste and nutrition has increased the recognition for probiotic products. In the present study, various parameters have been studied to define the probiotic properties of cultures isolated from different fermented products. Around 118 samples were selectively screened for antimicrobial compound (AMC) producing isolates by overlay-plate assay using Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341. Among 134 zone producing isolates, 48 cultures showing Gram-positive, catalase negative, non-spore forming and non-motile rods and cocci were selected. Subsequently, 18 strains were chosen based on non-hemolytic, absence of biogenic amine production, gelatinase and lecithinase negative trait for safer isolates. These were identified by biochemical assays and then subjected to RAPD-PCR. The selected cultures DB-1aa, DB-b2-15b, Cu2-PM7, Cu3-PM8 and IB-pM15 were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, and two Lactobacillus fermentum, respectively. Several in vitro experiments were carried out including acid and bile tolerance, survival under simulated gastrointestinal condition, adhesion assay to evaluate the probiotic potential of the isolates. In addition, the isolates were studied for competent properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant activity, and enzyme production for their functional application. The results of the study prove the efficiency of selected isolates as potential probiotic cultures and hence can be recommended for application in any functional food formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Bindu
- DOS in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasa Gangothri, Mysore, 570, India
| | - N Lakshmidevi
- DOS in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasa Gangothri, Mysore, 570, India.
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18
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Dolenko SO, Kravchenko HM, Vember VV, Taranov VV. Analysis of the effect of concentration and magnetic field on bioactivity of humic acids from position of open non-equilibrium systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:2970-2976. [PMID: 30865556 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1591521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
On the example of cultures of bacteria Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. the effect of humic acids in the concentration range (0-15 mg/L) on the viability of these bacteria was studied. Multidirectional effects of humic acids on microorganisms were found, namely, at concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/L, they reduce, and at 15 mg/L, they do not affect the survival of the studied cultures of bacteria. It has been established that the treatment of aqueous solutions of humic acids with a weak magnetic field affects their physicochemical properties and structural parameters, as well as enhances the biological effect in relation to different groups of microorganisms. It was established that the multidirectionality of the biological effect of humic acids on microorganisms is well explained from the position of considering humic acids as complex open non-equilibrium systems with a developed system for energy dissipation, which leads to the formation on their basis of diverse and complex self-organized structures with different physicochemical properties. The obtained concentration dependences confirm the possibility of the existence of humic acids in the studied concentration range in at least two states. Moreover, it is the state of the system (the level of self-organization), and not the relationship with the source of origin of a humic acids, mainly determines its properties. This fact determines the possibility of using the concentration of humic acids to establish the level of organization of the system, which will allow to manage the structural organization of these objects and predict their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dolenko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Chemistry of Water, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - H M Kravchenko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Chemistry of Water, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V V Vember
- Department of Ecology and Technology of Plant Polymers, The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V V Taranov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Chemistry of Water, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
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19
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Alfei S, Marengo B, Zuccari G. Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capabilities, and Bioavailability: Ellagic Acid or Urolithins? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E707. [PMID: 32759749 PMCID: PMC7465258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), triggered by overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, is the main mechanism responsible for several human diseases. The available one-target drugs often face such illnesses, by softening symptoms without eradicating the cause. Differently, natural polyphenols from fruits and vegetables possess multi-target abilities for counteracting OS, thus representing promising therapeutic alternatives and adjuvants. Although in several in vitro experiments, ellagitannins (ETs), ellagic acid (EA), and its metabolites urolithins (UROs) have shown similar great potential for the treatment of OS-mediated human diseases, only UROs have demonstrated in vivo the ability to reach tissues to a greater extent, thus appearing as the main molecules responsible for beneficial activities. Unfortunately, UROs production depends on individual metabotypes, and the consequent extreme variability limits their potentiality as novel therapeutics, as well as dietary assumption of EA, EA-enriched functional foods, and food supplements. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of OS; on EA and UROs chemical features and on the mechanisms of their antioxidant activity. A discussion on the clinical applicability of the debated UROs in place of EA and on the effectiveness of EA-enriched products is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine—DIMES, Via Alberti L.B. 2, I-16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148 Genoa, Italy;
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Kodikara KAS, Pathmasiri R, Irfan A, Loku Pullukuttige J, Madarasinghe SK, Farid DG, Nico K. Oxidative stress, leaf photosynthetic capacity and dry matter content in young mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata Lam. under prolonged submergence and soil water stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1609-1622. [PMID: 32801490 PMCID: PMC7415043 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Young plants of Rhizophora mucronata Lam. were tested for oxidative stress, photosynthetic capacity and dry matter accumulation under two abiotic stress conditions; prolonged submergence and soil water stress. The experiment of prolonged submergence was performed in field conditions with two treatment levels; 50% inundation (control) and 100% inundation levels. The experiment of soil water stress was conducted in a plant-house with four treatment levels, 100% water holding capacity (WHC) (control), 50% WHC, 25% WHC and high salinity (> 35 psu). The experimentation period was 18 months. According to the results, antioxidant activity was increased in the 100% inundation level in field conditions and in the 25% WHC, 50% WHC and high salinity levels in plant-house conditions. However, decreased radical scavenging capacity reflected by low 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and high IC50 values were only observed in the 25% and 50% WHCs. Plant cell membranes were highly damaged in the 25%, 50% WHCs and high salinity level and a significant decrease in photosynthetic capacity (~ 90% reduction) and in dry matter content of Rhizophora plants were also observed in the same treatment levels. It was recorded that a higher proportion of dry matter is allocated to the root system under the 100% inundation level and it may be an adaptation to keep up the standing stability. Although, the antioxidant and scavenging capacities of young Rhizophora plants have increased under abiotic stress conditions, oxidative stress and its associated impacts on leaf photosynthetic capacity and dry weight contents were unavoidable under persistence of the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodikara Arachchilage Sunanda Kodikara
- Department of Botany, University of Ruhuna, Wellamadama, Matara, Sri Lanka
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology and Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Aziz Irfan
- Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Dahdouh-Guebas Farid
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology and Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Systems Ecology and Resource Management, Department of Organism Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles - ULB, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, CPi 2064/1, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koedam Nico
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Ecology and Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Inula racemosa
and
Digitalis purpurea
from Kashmir: Fatty acid composition, antioxidant, antibacterial activities, and functional group evaluation. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Anti-Hypochlorite, Antioxidant, and Catalytic Activity of Three Polyphenol-Rich Super-Foods Investigated with the Use of Coumarin-Based Sensors. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050723. [PMID: 32384711 PMCID: PMC7277801 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-hypochlorite activity of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), goji (Lycium barbarum L.) and schisandra (Schisandra chinensis) fruit extracts were assessed by determining the reactive chlorine species (RCS)-scavenging ability of these three "super-food" berries. In addition, the aqueous extracts obtained were employed as both the media and the catalyst in a green chemistry approach to the synthesis of a coumarin-based fluorescence turn-off sensor, which was then used for anti-hypochlorite activity testing. The aqueous extracts were also assessed for total phenolic content (TPC), using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the antioxidant activity using the ABTS+• assay. Moreover, the main water-soluble polyphenolic constituents of the extracts were identified by the HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS technique. Among the extracts tested, açaí demonstrated the highest anti-hypochlorite and antioxidant activities, while the highest TPC value was found for the goji extract. All extracts demonstrated modest catalytic activity as Knoevenagel condensation catalysts.
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Zhang M, Zhao H, Shen Y, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Zhang Y. Preparation, characterization and antioxidant activity evaluation in vitro of Fritillaria ussuriensis polysaccharide-zinc complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:462-474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Karim MA, Islam MA, Islam MM, Rahman MS, Sultana S, Biswas S, Hosen MJ, Mazumder K, Rahman MM, Hasan MN. Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic effects and anti-bacterial activity of selected mangrove plants (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis) in Bangladesh. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
In this present study, antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic and anti-bacterial activities derived from methanol extracts of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis were investigated in order to determine their medicinal activities.
Materials and methods
Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride methods were used to determine the mangroves’ total phenolics and total flavonoid content, respectively. Antioxidant capacity was assessed via the following methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH), 43 mM H2O2, Fe2+ quenching assay, and anti-hemolytic activity. Brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality assay was also carried out to determine the cytotoxic potential of the mangroves along with anti-bacterial activity test using five Gram-negative and another two Gram-positive bacterial strains.
Results
The mangroves yielded 58.917 ± 0.601 and 36.625 ± 0.551 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample and 76.417 ± 0.19 and 113.637 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g sample in B. gymnorrhiza and H. littoralis, respectively. Methanol extracts of both mangroves exhibited high radical scavenging activity against DPPH, H2O2 and Fe2+ radicals. The reductive capacity of the extracts increased with increasing concentrations of samples, and the extracts inhibited H2O2 induced hemolysis in human red blood cells (RBCs). Antioxidant properties were found to be moderately weaker than that of the reference standard, L-ascorbic acid (AA), and Gallic acid (GA). Further, brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality assay revealed significant cytotoxicity (241.4 and 272.6 μg/mL, respectively). Methanol extracts could also inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacterial strains.
Conclusion
This study showed that the crude methanol extract of selected mangrove plants possesses free radical scavenging, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic and anti-bacterial activity. The experimented plant has the potential to be used as a traditional medicine and replace synthetic drugs. Further studies are necessary to isolate active compounds responsible for the overall antioxidant activity of the crude extracts.
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Benign recovery of carotenoids from Physalis alkekengi L.var. francheti through supercritical CO2 extraction: Yield, antioxidant activity and economic evaluation. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Alfei S, Turrini F, Catena S, Zunin P, Grilli M, Pittaluga AM, Boggia R. Ellagic acid a multi-target bioactive compound for drug discovery in CNS? A narrative review. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Barracosa P, Barracosa M, Pires E. Cardoon as a Sustainable Crop for Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Production. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900498. [PMID: 31778035 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardoon is a multi-purpose and versatile Mediterranean crop, adapted to climate change, with a wide spectrum of potential applications due its added value as a rich source of fibers, oils and bioactive compounds. The Cynara species are a component of the Mediterranean diet and have been used as food and medicine since ancient times. The important role of cardoon in human nutrition, as a functional food, is due to its high content of nutraceutical and bioactive compounds such as oligofructose inulin, caffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sesquiterpenes lactones, triterpenes, fatty acids and aspartic proteases. The present review highlights the characteristics and functions of cardoon biomass which permits the development of innovative products in food and nutrition, pharmaceutics and cosmetics, plant protection and biocides, oils and energy, lignocellulose materials, and healthcare industries following the actual trends of a circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Barracosa
- Escola Superior Agrária de Viseu - Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, 3500-606, Viseu, Portugal.,CI&DETS - Centro de Estudos em Educação, Tecnologias e Saúde, 3504-510, Viseu, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mariana Barracosa
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação -, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Euclides Pires
- Departamento Ciências da Vida - FCTUC, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
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Bioactivities of Centaurium erythraea (Gentianaceae) Decoctions: Antioxidant Activity, Enzyme Inhibition and Docking Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203795. [PMID: 31652501 PMCID: PMC6832739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Centaurium erythraea is recommended for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and to reduce hypercholesterolemia in ethno-medicinal practice. To perform a top-down study that could give some insight into the molecular basis of these bioactivities, decoctions from C. erythraea leaves were prepared and the compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Secoiridoids glycosides, like gentiopicroside and sweroside, and several xanthones, such as di-hydroxy-dimethoxyxanthone, were identified. Following some of the bioactivities previously ascribed to C. erythraea, we have studied its antioxidant capacity and the ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR). Significant antioxidant activities were observed, following three assays: free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction; lipoperoxidation; and NO radical scavenging capacity. The AChE and HMGR inhibitory activities for the decoction were also measured (56% at 500 μg/mL and 48% at 10 μg/mL, respectively). Molecular docking studies indicated that xanthones are better AChE inhibitors than gentiopicroside, while this compound exhibits a better shape complementarity with the HMGR active site than xanthones. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first report on AChE and HMGR activities by C. erythraea decoctions, in a top-down analysis, complemented with in silico molecular docking, which aims to understand, at the molecular level, some of the biological effects ascribed to infusions from this plant.
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Abril D, Mirabal-Gallardo Y, González A, Marican A, Durán-Lara EF, Silva Santos L, Valdés O. Comparison of the Oxidative Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Oils Extracted from Seeds of Colliguaya integerrima and Cynara cardunculus Under Normal Conditions and After Thermal Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E470. [PMID: 31601036 PMCID: PMC6827052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential of two oil extracts from seeds of Colliguaya integerrima (CIO) and Cynara cardunculus (CO) to use as nutritionally edible oils. For this purpose, oil quality was accessed by determining the fatty acid composition, peroxide value, acid value, iodine value, saponification number, phenolic contents, and oxidative stability during thermally induced oxidation of CIO and CO oils and compared to those of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The chemical composition results demonstrated that both oils could be nutritional sources of essential unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, according to the gravimetric analysis, the main decomposition step occurred in the temperature range of 200-420 °C, showing a similar thermal behavior of EVOO oil. However, CO and EVOO oils showed a higher phenolic content at degradation onset temperature (T0) in contrast with CIO oil. The antioxidant activity of the different studied oils showed a direct correlation with the phenol contents, up to temperatures around 180 °C, where the percentage of free radical scavenging assay for EVOO was higher than CO in contrast with the TPC values. Finally, we analyzed the minor components before and after heating CIO and CO at 180 °C by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using library search programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Abril
- Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Yaneris Mirabal-Gallardo
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Aymeé González
- Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Adolfo Marican
- Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, University of Talca, P.O. Box 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Bio & NanoMaterials Lab, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Maule, Chile.
| | - Esteban F Durán-Lara
- Bio & NanoMaterials Lab, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Maule, Chile.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Maule, Chile.
| | - Leonardo Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, University of Talca, P.O. Box 747, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Oscar Valdés
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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Du F, Shuang S, Guo Z, Gong X, Dong C, Xian M, Yang Z. Rapid synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanodots as effective antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and quercetin nanoprobes. Talanta 2019; 206:120243. [PMID: 31514864 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A facile and rapid synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanodots (CNDs) was developed by using the acid-base neutralization spontaneous heat with glucose as precursor, 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA) and concentrated nitric acid as dual N-dopants. The CND has a tremendous antioxidant potency, which represents effective inhibitory concentrations of reactive oxygen species that are significantly lower than ascorbic acid. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay revealed CNDs possessed significant antimicrobial activity for Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Moreover, the CNDs are endowed with favorable fluorescence (FL) behaviors including the quantum yield (QY) of 14.2% and stable FL within a wide range of pH and high tolerance to external ionic strength, rendering them applicable in quercetin (QCT) detection as a FL nanoprobe. The CNDs were effectively quenched by QCT due to static quenching which takes place by the electrostatic interaction between basic groups of CNDs and QCT of 3-hydroxyl. This nanoprobe had profitable selectivity and sensitivity towards QCT with a linearity ranging from 1 μM to 47 μM and a low detection limit of 172.4 nM and were successfully performed for QCT detection in human serum and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Du
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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Jirovetz L, Bail S, Buchbauer G, Stoilova I, Krastanov A, Stoyanova A, Stanchev V, Schmidt E. Chemical Composition, Olfactory Evaluation and Antioxidant Effects of the Leaf Essential Oil of Corymbia citriodora (Hook) from China. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of a sample of lemon eucalyptus essential oil ( Corymbia citriodora) from China was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. Citronellal (76.3%), citronellol (5.7%) and neo-isopulegol (5.5%) were the major components. The odor of the sample was evaluated as fresh, citrus-like and mildly fruity, with a pleasant woody background note. Lemon eucalyptus oil was found to exhibit antiradical activity with respect to DPPH and hydroxyl (OH•) radicals. The effect exercised on OH• radicals significantly exceeded that observed for the DPPH radical – the respective concentrations for 50% inhibition of the radicals were 0.38 μg/mL for OH• and 344.0 μg/mL for DPPH. Furthermore, the essential oil revealed antioxidant activities in a model system comprised of a linoleic acid emulsion. At a concentration of 0.1%, inhibition of conjugated dienes-formation by 59.8% was observed and the formation of secondary oxidized products of linoleic acid by 84.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Jirovetz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Pharmacy-Center, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Bail
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Pharmacy-Center, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Buchbauer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Pharmacy-Center, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivanka Stoilova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Boulevard, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albert Krastanov
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Boulevard, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Stoyanova
- Department of Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Boulevard, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Vesselin Stanchev
- Department of Automation, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Boulevard, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Erich Schmidt
- Kurt Kitzing Co., Hinterm Alten Schloss 21, D-86757 Wallerstein, Germany
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Saravanakumar A, Periyasamy P, Jang HT. In vitro assessment of three different artemisia species for their antioxidant and anti-fibrotic activity. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Phenolic profile and bioactivity of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) inflorescence parts: Selecting the best genotype for food applications. Food Chem 2018; 268:196-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lins PG, Marina Piccoli Pugine S, Scatolini AM, de Melo MP. In vitro antioxidant activity of olive leaf extract ( Olea europaea L.) and its protective effect on oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00805. [PMID: 30255162 PMCID: PMC6148714 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant capacity of olive leaf extract (OLE), Olea europaea L., and its protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. MAIN METHODS The OLE was evaluated by the following assays: i) total phenolic and flavonoid content; ii) oleuropein content; iii) Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); iv) antioxidant activity against ABTS•+, DPPH• and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: superoxide anion ( O 2 · - ), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and nitric oxide (NO•) and v) protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damages in human erythrocytes as hemolysis, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation and oxyhemoglobin oxidation. KEY FINDINGS Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 131.7 ± 9.4 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight (dw) and 19.4 ± 1.3 mg quercetin equivalents/g dw, respectively. Oleuropein content was 25.5 ± 5.2 mg/g dw. FRAP analysis was 281.8 ± 22.8 mg trolox equivalent/g dw and OLE inhibited ABTS•+ (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 16.1 ± 1.2 μg/mL) and DPPH• (EC50 = 13.8 ± 0.8 μg/mL). The extract demonstrated effective ability to scavenge O 2 · - (EC50 = 52.6 ± 2.1 μg/mL), NO• (EC50 = 48.4 ± 6.8 μg/mL) and HOCl (EC50 = 714.1 ± 31.4 μg/mL). The extract inhibited peroxyl radical-induced hemolysis (EC50 = 11.5 ± 1.5 μg/mL), TBARS formation (EC50 = 38.0 ± 11.7 μg/mL) and hemoglobin oxidation (EC50 = 186.3 ± 29.7 μg/mL) in erythrocytes. SIGNIFICANCE OLE is an important source of natural antioxidants; it has effective antioxidant activity against different reactive species and protects human erythrocytes against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mariza Pires de Melo
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Nazarian-Samani Z, Sewell RDE, Lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Medicinal Plants with Multiple Effects on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: a Systematic Review. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:72. [PMID: 30105479 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review describes evidence concerning medicinal plants that, in addition to exerting hypoglycemic effects, decrease accompanying complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia among individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). RECENT FINDINGS Studies on the antidiabetic mechanisms of medicinal plants have shown that most of them produce hypoglycemic activity by stimulating insulin secretion, augmenting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), inhibiting α-amylase or α-glucosidase, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, free radical scavenging plus antioxidant activity (against reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)), up-regulating or elevating translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), and preventing development of insulin resistance. Not only are medicinal plants effective in DM, but many of them also possess a variety of effects on other disease states, including the complications of DM. Such plants may be appropriate alternatives or adjuncts to available antidiabetic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nazarian-Samani
- Basic Science Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Pérez MJ, Zampini IC, Alberto MR, Isla MI. Prosopis nigra Mesocarp Fine Flour, A Source of Phytochemicals with Potential Effect on Enzymes Linked to Metabolic Syndrome, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Process. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1454-1462. [PMID: 29660809 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This work is part of the search in native food matrices from arid regions of Argentina of interest to improve human health. Prosopis species are ethnic food resources in South America capable of growing in arid and semi-arid environments. This work was focused to determine the nutritional and phytochemical composition of Prosopis nigra fine flour and to evaluate its biological properties. Flour showed a high level of sucrose (30.35 g/100 g flour), fiber (6.34 g/100 g flour), polyphenols (0.45 g GAE/100 g flour), and minerals (potassium, calcium, and magnesium). Apigenin C glycosides and phenylpropanoid acids were identified in free and bound phenolic enriched extracts, respectively. Polyphenols (especially free polyphenols) were able to inhibit enzymes associated with the metabolic syndrome, including α-amylase (IC50 30.1 μg GAE/mL), α-glucosidase (IC50 22.5 μg GAE/mL), while bound phenolics may control lipase activity (IC50 33.5 μg GAE/mL) and exhibit antioxidant activity by different action mechanisms (SC50 between 16 and 93 μg GAE/mL). Both extracts were more effective to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 than phospholipase A2 and lipoxygenase, proinflammatory enzymes. Polyphenolic extracts did not show any mutagenic effect. Our studies add value to this non-conventional flour as a promising food resource that could be used as a functional food or functional ingredient in formulations to reduce the risk of the development of obesity. These studies revalue our native resources by promoting their conservation, their use and their propagation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Pods of P. nigra are traditional food resources in South America. The non-conventional flour obtained from them is a food that inhibits enzymes linked to carbohydrates metabolism and lipids metabolism, show antioxidant activity and anti-inflamatory activity, principally on COX-2. This natural product is a promising resource that could be used as a functional food or as functional ingredient in food formulations for reduce the risk of the development of obesity. Our studies are relevant to stimulate a sustainable management of this specie and for its development as potential new crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Pérez
- Inst. de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET-UNT). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML. Univ. Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Iris C Zampini
- Inst. de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET-UNT). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML. Univ. Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Maria R Alberto
- Inst. de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET-UNT). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML. Univ. Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María I Isla
- Inst. de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV-CONICET-UNT). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML. Univ. Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Halophytic herbs of the Mediterranean basin: An alternative approach to health. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:155-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ramalingam V, Rajaram R. Enhanced antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activity of Rhizophora apiculata: An experimental report. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:200. [PMID: 29581932 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is designed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Rhizophora apiculata. Initially, the phenolic and flavonoid content was quantified in solvent extracts, and gallic acid and rutin were used as a control, respectively. Further, antimicrobial and minimal inhibitory activities of different solvent extracts were assessed against human clinical pathogenic bacteria, and the results showed that butanol and methanol extract has potential antimicrobial activity. FTIR analysis of solvent extracts showed the presence of phenolic compounds at 3409-3430 cm-1 that actively involved in various applications including antioxidant and anticancer activities. The in vitro antioxidant activity of solvent extracts showed excellent antioxidant potential, about 84% of DPPH free-radical scavenging, 76% of hydrogen peroxide, 82% of hydroxyl radical scavenging, and 80% of reducing power. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that the highly significant effect of antioxidant activity depends on the concentration of extracts. The DNA protection efficiency of extracts against oxidative damage was confirmed by DNA nicking assay using bacterial DNA. The methanol extract effectively inhibited the growth and induces the apoptosis through ROS generation and sensitizes the mitochondrial membrane potential of A549 lung cancer cells. Taken together, the results showed that the solvent extracts of R. apiculata could be potential antioxidant and anticancer agents.
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Preparation, characterisation and antioxidant activities of rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194951. [PMID: 29579133 PMCID: PMC5868844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel rutin-loaded zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles (ZP) with antioxidant activity in aqueous medium were investigated. The results showed that the sodium caseinate concentrations, dosages of rutin and ethanol volume fractions significantly affected the zein nanoparticles’ characteristics. Concerning the antioxidant properties, the highest values of rutin loaded ZP obtained using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging and 2 and 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) decolourisation assays were 52.7% and 71.2%, respectively, and the total antioxidant capacity was 0.40 nmol g-1. The results suggest that zein-sodium caseinate nanoparticles can be used as a new nano carrier system for rutin or other water insoluble active ingredients.
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Petropoulos SA, Pereira C, Tzortzakis N, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Nutritional Value and Bioactive Compounds Characterization of Plant Parts From Cynara cardunculus L. (Asteraceae) Cultivated in Central Greece. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:459. [PMID: 29692792 PMCID: PMC5902674 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the nutritional value of the edible parts (immature capitula) of cardoon plants was evaluated, while further analyses were carried out in order to assess antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds composition of the various plant parts and seed oils. Cardoon capitula (heads) were a rich source of carbohydrates, with the main detected free sugar being sucrose, as well as of macro- and micro-minerals (K, Ca, Mg, and Fe). Heads were also abundant in saturated fatty acids (palmitic, behenic, linoleic, stearic, caproic, and oleic acid), whereas seed oils in unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acid). Total phenolic compounds (TPC) content and phenolics composition differed between the various plant parts, with heads and leaf blades having higher TPC than midribs and petioles. Moreover, heads and leaf midribs and petioles consisted mainly of phenolic acids (5-O-caffeoylquinic and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid), with flavonoids being detected in lower amounts. In contrast, the composition of polyphenols in leaf blades consisted mostly of flavonoids (Luteolin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-malonylhexoside), whereas phenolic acids were also detected in considerable amounts (5-O-feruloylquinic and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid). Regarding antioxidant properties, leaf blades and seeds exhibited the highest potency for all the tested assays which could be partly attributed to the synergistic effects of the phenolic compounds present in each sample. In conclusion, cardoon plant parts may find various uses in the food and pharmaceutical industry, since they contain considerable amounts of bioactive molecules, while seed oils can be considered as alternative vegetable oils for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, University of Thessaly, Magnissia, Greece
- *Correspondence: Spyridon A. Petropoulos
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
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Zdunic G, Godjevac D, Savikin K, Petrovic S. Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Seven Hypericum Species and Their Antioxidant Properties. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the phenolic compounds in the 70% EtOH extracts of Hypericum acutum, H. androsaemum, H. barbatum, H. hirsutum, H. maculatum, and H. richeri has been carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array UV detection and high resolution TOF mass spectrometry. Quercetin, astilbin, I3, II8-biapigenin, orientin, 2”- O-acetylorientin, three phenolcarboxylic acids, and eight flavonols 3- O-glycosides were identified in the extracts on the basis of their on-line UV spectra, accurate mass spectral data, and in comparison of retention times with those from the standards. Fingerprint analysis of the extracts revealed significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the studied species. Antioxidant assays with various reaction mechanisms were used including ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH, ABTS, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and inhibition of liposome peroxidation induced by Fe2+. The most potent were extracts of H. acutum and H. maculatum indicating this Hypericum species interesting for further research aimed as a potentially new source of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Zdunic
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Panιć”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Godjevac
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Savikin
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Panιć”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Silvana Petrovic
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
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Wang X, Shao C, Liu L, Guo X, Xu Y, Lü X. Optimization, partial characterization and antioxidant activity of an exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus plantarum KX041. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:1173-1184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Seleshe S, Lee JS, Lee S, Lee HJ, Kim GR, Yeo J, Kim JY, Kang SN. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Three Kinds of Strawberries. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2017; 22:203-210. [PMID: 29043218 PMCID: PMC5642802 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.3.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three kinds of strawberry ethanol extracts from Robus corchorifolius L. f. (RCL), Rubus parvifolius L. var. parvifolius (RPL), and Duchesnea chrysantha Miq. (DCM) were investigated. The RPL was highest (P<0.05) in phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activities of RPL and DCM extracts were higher than that of RCL (P<0.05). Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of RPL was high compared to DCM and RCL (P<0.05). RCL exhibited a significant (P<0.05) potent antioxidant activity in nitric oxide radical inhibition. Inhibition diameter zone (nearest mm) of extracts against the test bacteria ranged from 11.5 in RCL to 12.5 in DCM against Staphylococcus aureus, from 10.5 in RCL to 13.5 in DCM against Streptococcus pneumoniae, from 8.5 in DCM to 10.5 in RCL against Escherichia coli, and the same inhibition of 10 mm in three of the extracts against Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, there was no inhibition against fungi Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Three of the extracts had the same minimum inhibitory concentration values of 12.50, 12.50, and 6.25 μg/mL against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and S. pneumoniae, respectively. On the other hand, MIC values of 12.50, 12.50, and 6.50 μg/mL were recorded for RPL, DCM, and RCL against E. coli, respectively. The result of present study revealed that extracts from three kinds of strawberries could be potential candidates as antioxidant and antimicrobial sources for functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semeneh Seleshe
- Department of Animal Resource, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Ga Ryun Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Joohong Yeo
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Jong Yea Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Suk Nam Kang
- Department of Animal Resource, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 38453, Korea
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Mellouk Z, Benammar I, Krouf D, Goudjil M, Okbi M, Malaisse W. Antioxidant properties of the red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis collected on the North West Algerian coast. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3281-3290. [PMID: 28587401 PMCID: PMC5450726 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the total phenolic and lipid content, fatty acids profiles and in vitro antioxidant activities of aqueous and solvent extracts of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis, through six different investigations. The present study demonstrated that phenol contents (mg gallic acid/g dry weight) were highest in the aqueous and methanolic extracts, followed by the ethanolic, hydroethanolic and hydromethanolic extracts. The lowest phenol contents were identified in the three remaining extracts: Butanolic, petroleum ether and acetone extracts. Furthermore, the total lipid content of the algae powder amounted to 2.85% of dry weight. The fatty acid methyl ester profiles analysed by gas-liquid chromatography represented indicated that fatty acids comprised 91.0±0.3% of total algae lipids. The saturated to unsaturated fatty acid contents amounted to 23.2±0.1 and 67.9±0.4% respectively. C13:0 (tridecanoate), C15:0 (pentadecanoate) and C17:0 (heptadecanoate) represented 47.4% of the total saturated fatty acids. Notably, the two most abundant unsaturated fatty acids, C15:1 (pentadecenoate) and C18:2 (octadecadienoate) represented 13.4 and 11.4% respectively, of the total unsaturated fatty acid content. Furthermore, the results of the antioxidant screening performed at 1.0 mg/ml, revealed that aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited higher inhibition against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals and excellent radical scavenging activity [with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 5.1 and 15.0 µg/ml, respectively], demonstrating improved antioxidant behavior when compared with standard ascorbic acid (which has an IC50 value of 3.7 µg/ml). Scavenging activity of the aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited a strong peroxidation inhibition against linoleic acid emulsion system at a concentration of 300 µg/ml in comparison to the butylated hydroxyltoluene. Although all the studied extracts exhibited ferric reducing power, the aqueous and methanolic extracts had greater hydrogen donating ability. By contrast, hydromethanolic, ethanolic, hydroethanolic, butanolic, acetone and petroleum ether extracts exhibited weak antioxidant behavior. The antioxidant activity of potent seaweed species identified in the current study means that as well as being used as a functional food, they may be developed as novel pharmaceutical compounds and may be used as anti-ageing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoheir Mellouk
- Laboratory of Physiology of Nutrition and Food Safety, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Ilhem Benammar
- Laboratory of Development and Differentiation Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Djamil Krouf
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Makhlouf Goudjil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Meriem Okbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Willy Malaisse
- Department of Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Antioxidant and antimicrobial profile of chicken sausages prepared after fermentation of minced chicken meat with Lactobacillus plantarum and with additional dextrose and starch. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Trabelsi L, Mnari A, Abdel-Daim MM, Abid-Essafi S, Aleya L. Therapeutic properties in Tunisian hot springs: first evidence of phenolic compounds in the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. biomass, capsular polysaccharides and releasing polysaccharides. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:515. [PMID: 27964734 PMCID: PMC5153682 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Tunisia, the use of hot spring waters for both health and recreation is a tradition dating back to Roman times. In fact, thermal baths, usually called "Hammam" are recommended as a therapeutic and prophylactic measure against many types of illness and toxicity. While the chemical concentration of thermal water is admittedly associated with its therapeutic effects, the inclusion in spa waters of efficient bioproduct additives produced by photosynthetic microorganisms and that act against oxidative stress may comprise a significant supplementary value for thermal centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant potential of the Tunisian thermophilic cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. and to determine its phytochemical constituents and phenolic profile. METHODS BME (Biomass Methanolic Extract), CME (Capsular polysaccharides Methanolic Extract) and RME (Releasing polysaccharides Methanolic Extract) of Leptolyngbya sp. were examined for their antioxidant activities by means of DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelating assays. Their total phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and vitamin C contents, as well as their phenolic profiles were also determined. RESULTS BME has the highest content of phenols (139 ± 1.2 mg/g), flavonoids (34.9 ± 0.32 mg CEQ/g), carotenoids (2.03 ± 0.56 mg/g) and vitamin C (15.7 ± 1.55 mg/g), while the highest MAAs content (0.42 ± 0.03 mg/g) was observed in CME. BME presented both the highest DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability with an IC50 of 0.07 and 0.38 mg/ml, respectively. The highest ferrous chelating capacity was detected in CME with an IC50 = 0.59 mg/ml. Phenolic profiles revealed the presence of 25 phenolic compounds with the existence of hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, resveratrol and pinoresinol. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. possesses abundant natural antioxidant products which may have prophylactic and therapeutic effects on many types of illness and toxicity. The present findings not only explain and reinforce the rationale behind traditional therapeutic practices in Tunisia in the exploitation of the country's hot springs, but support the addition of Leptolyngbya to thermal waters as a means to enhance the value and reputation of the curative nature of Tunisian thermal waters.
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Jung SM, Park JS, Shim HJ, Kwon YS, Kim HG, Shin HS. Antioxidative effect of phycoerythrin derived from Grateloupia filicina on rat primary astrocytes. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sethi S, Prakash O, Pant A. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant assay and antifungal activity of essential oil and various extracts of Alpinia malaccensis (Burm.f.) Roscoe leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2016.1223781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sethi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A.K. Pant
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
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Rasouli H, Farzaei MH, Mansouri K, Mohammadzadeh S, Khodarahmi R. Plant Cell Cancer: May Natural Phenolic Compounds Prevent Onset and Development of Plant Cell Malignancy? A Literature Review. Molecules 2016; 21:E1104. [PMID: 27563858 PMCID: PMC6274315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) are known as a chemically diverse category of secondary and reactive metabolites which are produced in plants via the shikimate-phenylpropanoid pathways. These compounds-ubiquitous in plants-are an essential part of the human diet, and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties. Phenolic compounds are essential for plant functions, because they are involved in oxidative stress reactions, defensive systems, growth, and development. A large body of cellular and animal evidence carried out in recent decades has confirmed the anticancer role of PCs. Phytohormones-especially auxins and cytokinins-are key contributors to uncontrolled growth and tumor formation. Phenolic compounds can prevent plant growth by the endogenous regulation of auxin transport and enzymatic performance, resulting in the prevention of tumorigenesis. To conclude, polyphenols can reduce plant over-growth rate and the development of tumors in plant cells by regulating phytohormones. Future mechanistic studies are necessary to reveal intracellular transcription and transduction agents associated with the preventive role of phenolics versus plant pathological malignancy cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rasouli
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Sara Mohammadzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
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Protective Effects of Costunolide against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Injury in PC12 Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070898. [PMID: 27409597 PMCID: PMC6274107 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-mediated cellular injury has been considered as a major cause of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by antioxidants may be a potential strategy for retarding the diseases’ progression. Costunolide (CS) is a well-known sesquiterpene lactone, used as a popular herbal remedy, which possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of CS against the cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to elucidate potential protective mechanisms in PC12 cells. The results showed that the treatment of PC12 cells with CS prior to H2O2 exposure effectively increased the cell viability. Furthermore, it decreased the intracellular ROS, stabilized the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and reduced apoptosis-related protein such as caspase 3. In addition, CS treatment attenuated the cell injury by H2O2 through the inhibition of phosphorylation of p38 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These results demonstrated that CS is promising as a potential therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative diseases resulting from oxidative damage and further research on this topic should be encouraged.
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