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Zhang Y, Qi B, Li Q, Yang C, Yu P, Yang X, Li T. Dynamic changes on sensory property, nutritional quality and metabolic profiles of green kernel black beans during Eurotium cristatum-based solid-state fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 455:139846. [PMID: 38833863 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Eurotium cristatum, a unique probiotic in Fu brick tea, is widely used in food processing to enhance added values. Here, green kernel black beans (GKBBs) were solid-fermented with E. cristatum and dynamic changes in flavour, chemical composition and metabolites during fermentation were investigated. As results, E. cristatum fermentation altered aroma profiles and sensory attributes of GKBBs, especially reduced sourness. After fermentation, total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents in GKBBs were elevated, while polysaccharides, soluble proteins and short-chain fatty acids contents were decreased. E. cristatum fermentation also induced biotransformation of glycosidic isoflavones into sapogenic isoflavones. During fermentation, dynamic changes in levels of 17 amino acids were observed, in which 3 branched-chain amino acids were increased. Non-targeted metabolomics identified 51 differential compounds and 10 related metabolic pathways involved in E. cristatum fermentation of GKBBs. This study lays foundation for the development of green kernel black bean-based functional food products with E. cristatum fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Bangran Qi
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Qiannan Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chengcheng Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Pinglian Yu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Ting Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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2
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Jia Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Feng C, Zhang H, Ren F, Liu H. The regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism through the interaction of dietary polyphenols and polysaccharides via the gut microbiota pathway. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39039938 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00585f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of polyphenols-polysaccharides-gut microbiota to promote health benefits has become a hotspot and direction for precise dietary intervention strategies and foundational research in biomedicine. Both dietary polyphenols and polysaccharides possess biological activities that regulate body health. Single components, due to their inherent structure and physicochemical properties, have a low bioavailability, thus are unable to exert their optimal effects. The compound structure formed by the interaction of polyphenols and polysaccharides can enhance their functional properties, thereby more effectively promoting health benefits and preventing diseases. This review primarily focuses on the roles played by polyphenols and polysaccharides in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism through the gut microbial pathway by polyphenols and polysaccharides, and the mechanisms by which polyphenols and polysaccharides interact to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. A considerable amount of preliminary research has confirmed the regulatory effects of plant polyphenols and polysaccharides on glucose and lipid metabolism. However, studies on the combined effects and mechanisms of these two components are still very limited. This review aims to provide a reference for subsequent research on their interactions and changes in functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yingying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Chaohui Feng
- School of Regional Innovation and Social Design Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koen-cho, Kitami 090-8507, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Feiyue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
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3
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Liu Y, Cheng YY, Thompson J, Zhou Z, Vivas EI, Warren MF, Rey FE, Anantharaman K, Venturelli OS. Shaping human gut community assembly and butyrate production by controlling the arginine dihydrolase pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.10.523442. [PMID: 37986770 PMCID: PMC10659395 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.10.523442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The arginine dihydrolase pathway (arc operon) present in a subset of diverse human gut species enables arginine catabolism. This specialized metabolic pathway can alter environmental pH and nitrogen availability, which in turn could shape gut microbiota inter-species interactions. By exploiting synthetic control of gene expression, we investigated the role of the arc operon in probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 on human gut community assembly and health-relevant metabolite profiles in vitro and in the murine gut. By stabilizing environmental pH, the arc operon reduced variability in community composition across different initial pH perturbations. The abundance of butyrate producing bacteria were altered in response to arc operon activity and butyrate production was enhanced in a physiologically relevant pH range. While the presence of the arc operon altered community dynamics, it did not impact production of short chain fatty acids. Dynamic computational modeling of pH-mediated interactions reveals the quantitative contribution of this mechanism to community assembly. In sum, our framework to quantify the contribution of molecular pathways and mechanism modalities on microbial community dynamics and functions could be applied more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Yu-Yu Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Jaron Thompson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706
| | - Eugenio I. Vivas
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706
- Gnotobiotic Animal Core Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew F. Warren
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706
| | - Federico E. Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706
| | | | - Ophelia S. Venturelli
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706
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4
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Bi X, Peng H, Xiong H, Xiao L, Zhang H, Li J, Sun Y. Fabrication of the Rapid Self-Assembly Hydrogels Loaded with Luteolin: Their Structural Characteristics and Protection Effect on Ulcerative Colitis. Foods 2024; 13:1105. [PMID: 38611409 PMCID: PMC11011723 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (LUT) is a fat-soluble flavonoid known for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, its use in the food industry has been limited due to its low water solubility and bioavailability. In this study, hyaluronic acid, histidine, and luteolin were self-assembled to construct tubular network hydrogels (HHL) to improve the gastrointestinal stability, bioavailability, and stimulation response of LUT. As anticipated, the HHL hydrogel's mechanical strength and adhesion allow it to withstand the challenging gastrointestinal environment and effectively extend the duration of drug presence in the body. In vivo anti-inflammatory experiments showed that HHL hydrogel could successfully alleviate colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice by reducing intestinal inflammation and restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Moreover, HHL hydrogel also regulated the intestinal microorganisms of mice and promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids. The HHL hydrogel group demonstrated a notably superior treatment effect compared to the LUT group alone. The hydrogel delivery system is a novel method to improve the absorption of LUT, increasing its bioavailability and enhancing its pharmaceutical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (X.B.); (H.X.); (L.X.)
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (X.B.); (H.X.); (L.X.)
| | - Lihua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (X.B.); (H.X.); (L.X.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (H.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (X.B.); (H.X.); (L.X.)
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Yu X, Nie W, Chen X, Zou LF, Xu BC, Chen CG. Anionic polysaccharides benefit the bioavailability of pork myofibrillar protein gels: Evidence from a perspective of protein absorption and metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130246. [PMID: 38378115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to probe the bioavailability of myofibrillar protein (MP) gels in mice as affected by incorporating anionic xanthan (XMP) and sodium alginate (SMP)/cationic chitosan (CSMP)/neutral curdlan (CMP) and konjac (KMP), respectively. The results showed that the numbers of peptides absorbed were obviously higher in anionic XMP and SMP groups (88 and 126, respectively) than in the cationic CSMP (51) group. The contents of free amino acids absorbed in SMP and XMP were significantly greater than that in CSMP and CMP groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of bioactive compounds absorbed in the SMP group was higher than those in the other groups (P < 0.05), and the expression of tight junction protein (Occludin and ZO-1) was up-regulated in SMP group. The low contents of free ammonia, indole and p-cresol were observed in the anionic XMP, SMP and neutral KMP groups, compared to CSMP group. This work highlights the benefits of anionic polysaccharides (sodium alginate and xanthan) in developing low-fat meat products with high MP bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Nie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Li-Fang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bao-Cai Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Animal Food Green Manufacturing and Resource Mining of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Gui Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Animal Food Green Manufacturing and Resource Mining of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, Anhui province, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Wang L, Li W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen G, Zhou X, Xv D, Wu Q. Resveratrol prevents age-related heart impairment through inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1035-1045. [PMID: 38370061 PMCID: PMC10867470 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in various plants that has been shown to have potential benefits for preventing aging and supporting cardiovascular health. However, the specific signal pathway by which RSV protects the aging heart is not yet well understood. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of RSV against age-related heart injury and investigate the underlying mechanisms using a D-galactose-induced aging model. The results of the study indicated that RSV provided protection against age-related heart impairment in mice. This was evidenced by the reduction of cardiac histopathological changes as well as the attenuation of apoptosis. RSV-induced cardioprotection was linked to a significant increase in antioxidant activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, as well as a reduction in oxidative damage. Additionally, RSV inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), and notch 1 protein were inhibited by RSV, indicating that inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway played a critical role in RSV-triggered heart protection in aging mice. Moreover, further data on intestinal function demonstrated that RSV significantly increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in intestinal contents and reduced the pH value in the feces of aging mice. RSV alleviated aging-induced cardiac dysfunction through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation via the Notch/NF-κB pathway in heart tissue. Furthermore, this therapeutic effect was found to be associated with its protective roles in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le‐Feng Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineDepartment of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Department of OphthalmologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wen‐Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xian‐Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yi‐Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Guang‐Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xing‐Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Dong‐Mei Xv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Qiong Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineDepartment of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Huan C, Zhang R, Xie L, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Yao J, Gao S. Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides: Physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, biological activity and application prospects: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128990. [PMID: 38158057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. (PAL), a traditional herb, has been used in East Asia for thousands of years. In recent years, polysaccharides extracted from PAL have garnered increased attention due to their outstanding pharmacological and biological properties. Previous research has established that PAL-derived polysaccharides exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antimicrobial, immune-regulatory, intestinal health-promoting, antiviral, and other effects. Nevertheless, a comprehensive summary of the research related to Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides (PALP) has not been reported to date. In this paper, we review the methods for isolation and purification, physiochemical properties, structural features, and biological activities of PALP. To provide a foundation for research and application in the fields of medicine and food, this review also outlines the future development prospects of plantain polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Huan
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Xie
- Fujian Yixinbao Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Yao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Avian Bioproduct Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Cheng S, Cui H, Zhang J, Wang Q, Duan Z. Probiotic potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus VHProbi M15 on sucralfate-induced constipation in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1131. [PMID: 38212429 PMCID: PMC10784533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential probiotic properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus VHProbi®M15 (M15). This study examined the effects of M15 on sucralfate-induced constipation in a mouse model. The BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: the normal group (NOR) was without any treatment, while the constipation (CON), phenolphthalein (PHE), and probiotic (PRO) treatment groups were fed with sucralfate until the appearance of constipation symptoms. Afterward, the NOR and CON groups were given 1 ml saline orally every day until the end of the experiment; the PHE and PRO groups were given phenolphthalein or M15 suspension in 1 ml orally, respectively. Compared with the CON group, the fecal water content and intestinal peristalsis improved in the PRO group. Here, intake of M15 effectively attenuated sucralfate-induced constipation, recuperated colonic epithelial integrity, and increased serum levels of gastrointestinal excitatory neurotransmitters (motilin, gastrin, substance P). Analysis of the intestinal microbiota of mice by 16S rRNA metagenomic revealed an increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroides and a decrease in Sclerotinia, Verrucosa and Proteus in the PRO group. Compared with the CON group, the constipation-induced intestinal microecological changes were partially recovered in the PHE and PRO groups. These results demonstrate that M15 enhanced gastrointestinal transit and alleviated in mice with sucralfate-induced constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Cheng
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Hongchang Cui
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi Duan
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China.
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Zhang Y, Hu J, Zhong Y, Liu S, Liu L, Mu X, Chen C, Yang S, Li G, Zhang D, Huang X, Yang J, Huang X, Bian S, Nie S. Insoluble/soluble fraction ratio determines effects of dietary fiber on gut microbiota and serum metabolites in healthy mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:338-354. [PMID: 38088096 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Both soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) play pivotal roles in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis; whether the effects of the different ratios of IDF and SDF are consistent remains unclear. Consequently, we selected SDFs and IDFs from six representative foods (apple, celery, kale, black fungus, oats, and soybeans) and formulated nine dietary fiber recipes composed of IDF and SDF with a ratio from 1 : 9 to 9 : 1 (NDFR) to compare their impact on microbial effects with healthy mice. We discovered that NDFR treatment decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The α diversity and relative richness of Parabacteroides and Prevotella at the genus level showed an upward trend along with the ratio of IDF increasing, while the relative abundance of Akkermansia at the genus level and the production of acetic acid and propionic acid exhibited an increased trend along with the ratio of SDF increasing. The relative abundance of Parabacteroides and Prevotella in the I9S1DF group (the ratio of IDF and SDF was 9 : 1) was 1.72 times and 5.92 times higher than that in the I1S9DF group (the ratio of IDF and SDF was 1 : 9), respectively. The relative abundance of Akkermansia in the I1S9DF group was 17.18 times higher than that in the I9S1DF group. Moreover, a high ratio of SDF (SDF reaches 60% or more) enriched the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway; however, a high ratio of IDF (IDF reaches 80% or more) regulated the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These findings are helpful in the development of dietary fiber supplements based on gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Liandi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xinyi Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shenji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Guohao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xinru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jinrui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shuigen Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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10
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Zou L, Yu X, Cai K, Xu B, Chen C, Xiao G. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide IVGFPAYGH protects against liver injury in mice fed a high‑sodium diet by inhibiting the RAS and remodeling gut microbial communities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128265. [PMID: 37984577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Consuming a high‑sodium diet carries serious health risks and significantly influences the activation state of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This study evaluates the protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide IVGFPAYGH on a high‑sodium diet-induced liver injury. IVGFPAYGH supplementation increased the activities of liver antioxidase and decreased the levels of liver inflammatory factor in mice fed a high‑sodium diet (8 % NaCl). IVGFPAYGH supplementation also reduced liver fatty acid synthesis and promoted fatty acid oxidation, increased the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor, and improved liver dyslipidemia. Furthermore, IVGFPAYGH supplementation inhibited the activation of the liver RAS via inhibiting ACE activity and reducing angiotensin II levels in mice fed a high‑sodium diet. Moreover, IVGFPAYGH supplementation could alter the gut microbiota composition toward a normal gut microbiota composition and increase the abundance of the Lactobacillus genus. IVGFPAYGH supplementation also increased the expression levels of small intestinal tight junction protein and cecum short-chain fatty acids. Thus, IVGFPAYGH supplementation may maintain intestinal homeostasis and improve high‑sodium diet-induced liver injury by altering the gut microbiota composition and inhibiting the RAS. IVGFPAYGH is a promising functional ingredient for protecting liver damage caused by a high‑sodium diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Zou
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yu
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kezhou Cai
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process from Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baocai Xu
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China
| | - Conggui Chen
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Bio-process from Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiran Xiao
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Meat Microbial Control and Utilization, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui province, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Ge W, Song Y, He R, Wang Z, Zhao L. Camel milk peptides alleviate hyperglycemia by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites in type 2 diabetic mice. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113278. [PMID: 37803591 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of Camel milk peptides (CMPs) on Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice and reveal its related mechanism from the aspect of gut microbiota and metabolites. The administering CMPs significantly alleviated the weight loss, polydipsia and polyphagia, reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), improved insulin resistance and sensitivity, and restored the level of serum hormones, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipid metabolic and tissue damage. Furthermore, CMPs intervention remarkably reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in T2DM mice by reducing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Allobaculum, Clostridium, Shigella and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, while increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Blautia. Metabolomic analysis identified 84 different metabolites between T2DM and CMPs-treated groups, participating in three pathways of Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, Phenylalanine metabolism and Linoleic acid metabolism. Ureidopropionic acid, pantothenic acid, hippuric acid, hydrocinnamic acid and linoleic acid were identified as key acidic metabolites closely related to hypoglycemic effect. Correlation analysis indicated that CMPs might have a hypoglycemic effect through their impact on gut microbiota, leading to variations in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acidic metabolites and metabolic pathways. These findings suggest that CMPs could be a beneficial nutritional supplement for intervention T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ju Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wupeng Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rui He
- Shaanxi Baiyue Youlishi Dairy Industry Co. Ltd., Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Shaanxi Baiyue Youlishi Dairy Industry Co. Ltd., Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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12
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Nie Q, Sun Y, Li M, Zuo S, Chen C, Lin Q, Nie S. Targeted modification of gut microbiota and related metabolites via dietary fiber. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:120986. [PMID: 37321707 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intake of dietary fiber has been proven to have several beneficial effects in maintaining host homeostasis and health. Here, we investigated the effects of different fibers on gut microbiota and related metabolites in rats. Healthy rats were supplemented with guar gum, carrageenan, glucomannan, β-glucan, arabinoxylan, apple pectin, xylan, arabinogalactan, and xanthan gum, and these dietary fibers exhibited commonality and specificity on gut microbiota and related metabolites. The abundance of Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, Treponema, Butyricimonas, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus was selectively increased by different dietary fibers, whereas the abundance of Clostridium perfringens and Bacteroides fragilis were decreased by all of these fibers. Indole-3-lactic acid was significantly increased by β-glucan treatment, indicating the relationship between indole-3-lactic acid and Lactobacillus. Furthermore, Some species from Bacteroides were validated to produce indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and kynurenine (such as B. fragilis, B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron, and B. xylanisolvens). These results provide important information on dietary guidelines based on the modification of gut microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Sheng Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qiongni Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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13
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Chang R, Wang F, Huang J, Jin Z, Tian Y. Recrystallized Resistant Starch: Structural Changes in the Stomach, Duodenum, and Ileum and the Impact on Blood Glucose and Intestinal Microbiome in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12080-12093. [PMID: 37507341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The structure and properties of resistant starch (RS) and its digestive products were assessed in mice. Digestion of recrystallized (group RS3, including RS3a and RS3b) and control RS (RS2, RS4, and RS5) in the stomach, duodenum, and ileum of mice was systematically analyzed along with in vivo digestive degradation of RS3. RS3a and RS3b significantly reduced the release of blood glucose. During in vivo digestion, the proportion of ultrashort and A chains in the RS3a and RS3b digestive residues gradually increased, whereas the proportion of B1 and B2 chains gradually reduced. B3+ chain proportions did not change. The final digestive residues in the ileum (RS3a-I90 and RS3b-I90) maintained a high proportion of suitable chain length, accounting for more than 60%. The crystalline structure of RS3a-I90 was weakened, indicating the hydrolysis of partial crystal structure. In comparison, RS3b-I90 maintained an orderly crystalline structure, indicating its higher resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis. In vivo experiments showed that RS could maintain the normal growth of mice and effectively control weight gain. RS3a significantly increased the concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, while reducing the abundance of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, further confirming the benefits of RS3 in gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiating Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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14
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Xu L, Yu Q, Ma L, Su T, Zhang D, Yao D, Li Z. In vitro simulated fecal fermentation of mixed grains on short-chain fatty acid generation and its metabolized mechanism. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112949. [PMID: 37316043 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation were performed to investigate the influence of mixed grains on gut microbes. In addition, the key metabolic pathways and enzymes associated with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were explored. The mixed grains exhibited an observable regulatory effect on the composition and metabolism of intestinal microorganisms, especially in probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Faecalibacterium spp. WR (wheat + rye), WB (wheat + highland barley) and WO (wheat + oats) tended to generate lactate and acetate, which are related to Sutterella, Staphylococcus, etc. WQ (wheat + quinoa) induced high propionate and butyrate accumulation by consuming lactate and acetate, mainly through Roseburia inulinivorans, Coprococcus catus and Anaerostipes sp., etc. Moreover, bacteria enriched in different mixed grain groups regulated the expression of pivotal enzymes in metabolic pathways and then affected the generation of SCFAs. These results provide new knowledge on the characteristics of intestinal microbial metabolism in different mixed grain substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiaoru Yu
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lixue Ma
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tingting Su
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Engineering Research Center for Coarse Cereals Processing and Quality Safety, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Quality Safety of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Di Yao
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Zhijiang Li
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Engineering Research Center for Coarse Cereals Processing and Quality Safety, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Quality Safety of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
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15
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Li X, An S, Luo Z, Zhou P, Wang L, Feng R. Polysaccharides from the hard shells of Juglans regia L. modulate intestinal function and gut microbiota in vivo. Food Chem 2023; 412:135592. [PMID: 36736188 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of polysaccharides from the hard shells ofJuglans regiaL. (JRP) on intestinal function and gut microbiota of mice. The results showed that JRP could increase the colonic length and colonic index, and ameliorate the histological characteristics of colon. JRP had a positive effect on immunity of mice by improving immune organ indexes. Owing to enhancement of intestinal peristalsis and increase of colonic fecal moisture by JRP, the defecation time was significantly reduced. After gastrointestinal digestion and absorption, JRP was metabolized by intestinal microorganisms to produce short chain fatty acids, thereby lowering the pH of intestine. Through microbial community analysis, the composition of gut microbiota was modulated by JRPvia increasing theabundances of beneficial bacteriaand decreasing the richness of harmful bacteria. This study suggests that JRP can be served as an excellent prebiotic to promote intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Siying An
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Ru Feng
- Nano-biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
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16
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Tian B, Liu R, Xu T, Cai M, Mao R, Huang L, Yang K, Zeng X, Peilong S. Modulating effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides on the immune response by regulating gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3050-3064. [PMID: 36546454 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota (GM) is recognized as a significant contributor to the immune system. In the present study, the effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides (HEP) on immunoregulation and GM in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated mice were investigated to elucidate the attenuate of immunosuppression by modulating GM. RESULTS The results revealed that HEP significantly improved the body weight and immune organ index in immunodeficient mice (P < 0.05). They significantly increased operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (P < 0.05), adjusted the α and β diversity of the GM, and the bacterial community structure was more similar to that of control group. Taxonomic composition analysis found that HEP increased the abundance of Alistipse, uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiracea, uncultured_bacterium_f_Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and decreased Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Alloprevotella, suggesting that HEP can improve the GM structure and inhibit CTX-induced GM dysregulation. Moreover, HEP increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, recovered SCFA levels, alleviated immunosuppression caused by CTX, enhanced the serum immune cytokine factors, and upregulated TLR4/NF-κB pathway key proteins (TLR4, NF-κB p65) at mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides effectively regulated GM and enhancement of intestinal immune function, so they have the potential to be developed as functional ingredients or foods to modulate immune responses. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoming Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
- China Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resource Processing Technology for Light Industry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Renjian Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Tianrui Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Ming Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
- China Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resource Processing Technology for Light Industry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Rongliang Mao
- Changshan Haofeng Agricultural Development Co. LTD, Quzhou, China
| | - Liangshui Huang
- Research Institute of Changshan Tianle Edible Fungus, Quzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
- China Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resource Processing Technology for Light Industry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sun Peilong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
- China Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resource Processing Technology for Light Industry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou, China
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17
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Zhou X, Pak S, Li D, Dong L, Chen F, Hu X, Ma L. Bamboo Shoots Modulate Gut Microbiota, Eliminate Obesity in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice and Improve Lipid Metabolism. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071380. [PMID: 37048203 PMCID: PMC10093345 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo shoots (BS) have a variety of nutritional benefits; however, their anti-obesity effect and its underlying mechanism of action are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of BS against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut dysbiosis in mice. After 12 weeks of feeding C57BL/6J mice either on a normal or an HFD with or without BS, metabolic indicators, including blood lipids and glucose tolerance, were measured. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were used to identify alterations in gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolic profiling. The results demonstrated that BS supplementation reduced body weight by 30.56%, mitigated liver damage, and improved insulin resistance and inflammation in obese mice. In addition, BS increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels and SCFA-producing bacteria (e.g., Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Norank_f_Muribaculaceae), and reduced levels of harmful bacteria (e.g., Blautia and Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia). Finally, BS increased many beneficial fecal metabolites, such as fatty acids and bile acids, which are highly relevant to the altered gut microbiota. Based on the modulatory effect of BS on microbiota composition and gut metabolite levels observed in this study, we suggest that BS may be beneficial in treating obesity and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - SolJu Pak
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Daotong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingjun Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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18
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Hong Y, Shen M, Yu Q, Chen Y, Xie J. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolomics reveals modulatory effects of Mesona chinensis Benth polysaccharide in liver injury mice induced by cyclophosphamide. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Li C, Leng Q, Li L, Hu F, Xu Y, Gong S, Yang Y, Zhang H, Li X. Berberine Ameliorates Obesity by Inducing GDF15 Secretion by Brown Adipocytes. Endocrinology 2023; 164:7056674. [PMID: 36825874 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), which is a compound derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Coptis chinensis, promotes weight loss, but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we show that BBR increases the serum level of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which is a stress response cytokine that can reduce food intake and lower body weight in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. The body weight and food intake of DIO mice were decreased after BBR treatment, and the weight change was negatively correlated with the serum GDF15 level. Further studies show that BBR induced GDF15 mRNA expression and secretion in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of DIO mice and primary mouse brown adipocytes. In addition, we found that BBR upregulates GDF15 mRNA expression and secretion by activating the integrated stress response (ISR) in primary mouse brown adipocytes. Overall, our findings show that BBR lowers body weight by inducing GDF15 secretion via the activation of the ISR in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Qingyang Leng
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuejie Xu
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Sa Gong
- Shanghai Songjiang District Fangta Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
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Wu X, Huang X, Ma W, Li M, Wen J, Chen C, Liu L, Nie S. Bioactive polysaccharides promote gut immunity via different ways. Food Funct 2023; 14:1387-1400. [PMID: 36633119 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03181g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous kinds of bioactive polysaccharides are identified as having intestinal immunomodulatory activity; however, the ways in which the different polysaccharides work differ. Therefore, we selected nine representative bioactive polysaccharides, including xanthan gum, inulin, guar gum, arabinogalactan, carrageenan, glucomannan, araboxylan, xylan, and fucoidan, and compared their intestinal immunomodulatory mechanisms. A cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed model was used in this experiment, and the effects of these polysaccharides on the number of T cells in the intestinal mucosa, expression of transcription factors and inflammatory factors, intestinal metabolome and gut microbiota were compared and discussed. The results revealed that the nine polysaccharides promote intestinal immunity in different ways. In detail, guar gum, inulin and glucomannan better alleviated immune suppression in intestinal mucosal T cells. Inulin improved the intestinal microenvironment by significantly upregulating the abundance of Lactobacillus and Monoglobus and promoted short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Fucoidan and carrageenan promoted the colonization of the beneficial bacteria Rikenella and Roseburia. In addition, fucoidan, inulin and carrageenan inhibited the colonization of harmful bacteria Helicobacter, upregulated the abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014 and alleviated the accumulation of amino acids, bile acids and indoles in the large intestine. In conclusion, our study uncovered the different intestinal immunomodulatory mechanisms of the different polysaccharides and provided a guideline for the development of superior intestinal immunomodulatory polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Wanning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jiajia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Liandi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Zou MY, Wang YJ, Liu Y, Xiong SQ, Zhang L, Wang JH. Huangshan Floral Mushroom Polysaccharide Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating Th17/Treg Balance in a Gut Microbiota-Dependent Manner. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200408. [PMID: 36418892 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease. This study attempts to reveal the improvement mechanism of floral mushroom polysaccharide (FMPS) on UC from the perspective of coordinated interaction between intestinal microbes and intestinal helper T cell 17 (Th17)/regulatory T cell (Treg) balance. METHODS AND RESULTS Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model is used for the experiment. The results suggest that FMPS up-regulated the expression of occludin, ZO-1, and MUC2, and down-regulated the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in colitis mice. Importantly, FMPS restores intestinal Th17/Treg balance. Meanwhile, FMPS can regulate intestinal microorganisms and improve the level of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in colitis mice. Intestinal microbial depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments reveal that FMPS ameliorated UC is mediated by intestinal microbiome. Flow cytometry further proves that FMPS restores intestinal Th17/Treg balance in a microbial-dependent manner. CONCLUSION These results indicate that FMPS has the potential to improve UC, and its mechanism depends on the restoration of Th17/Treg balance mediated by intestinal microorganisms. Therefore, it is suggested that FMPS dietary supplement can be potentially used to intervene UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Zou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yu-Jing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shan-Qiang Xiong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230061, China
| | - Jun-Hui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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22
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Li J, Ma Y, Li X, Wang Y, Huo Z, Lin Y, Li J, Yang H, Zhang Z, Yang P, Zhang C. Fermented Astragalus and its metabolites regulate inflammatory status and gut microbiota to repair intestinal barrier damage in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1035912. [PMID: 36451737 PMCID: PMC9702530 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1035912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentation represents an efficient biotechnological approach to increase the nutritional and functional potential of traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum was used to ferment traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus, the differential metabolites in the fermented Astragalus (FA) were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS), and the ameliorating effect of FA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice were further explored. The results showed that 11 differential metabolites such as raffinose, progesterone and uridine were identified in FA, which may help improve the ability of FA to alleviate colitis. Prophylactic FA supplementation effectively improved DAI score, colon length and histopathological lesion in DSS-treated mice. The abnormal activation of the intestinal immune barrier in mice was controlled after FA supplementation, the contents of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and IgE were reduced and the contents of IgA were increased. The intestinal pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were down-regulated and the anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and TGF-β were up-regulated, suggesting that FA can intervene in inflammatory status by regulating the balance of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg related cytokines. In addition, FA supplementation modified the structure of the intestinal microbiota and enriched the abundance of Akkermansia and Alistipes, which were positively associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids. These microbes and their metabolites induced by FA also be involved in maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity by affecting mucosal immunity. We observed that intestinal tight junction protein and mucous secreting protein ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2 genes expression were more pronounced in mice supplemented with FA compared to unfermented Astragalus, along with modulation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) apoptosis, verifying the intestinal mucosal barrier repaired by FA. This study is the first to suggest that FA as a potential modulator can more effectively regulate the inflammatory status and gut microbiota to repair the intestinal barrier damage caused by colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Ma
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeqi Huo
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaru Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Lanzhou, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunjiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Huang S, Cui Z, Hao X, Cheng C, Chen J, Wu D, Luo H, Deng J, Tan C. Dietary fibers with low hydration properties exacerbate diarrhea and impair intestinal health and nutrient digestibility in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:142. [DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the hydration properties of different-source fibrous materials by comparing their water-binding capacity (WBC), water swelling capacity (WSC), viscosity, and in vivo effects of selected samples on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, diarrhea, and intestinal health in weaned piglets.
Methods
A total of 13 commercially available fibrous materials were first compared in chemical composition and in vitro hydration property. Subsequently, 40 weaned piglets were randomized to five experimental dietary groups (8 piglets per group): control diet (a basal diet without dietary fiber, CON), basal diet supplemented with 5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), 5% wheat bran (WB), 5% Moringaoleifera leaf powder (MOLP), or 5% sugar beet pulp (SBP), followed by analyzing their growth performance and diarrhea rate in a 28-d experiment. After the feeding experiment, anaesthetized piglets were killed, and their intestinal and colon content or plasma samples were analyzed in nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bacterial population.
Results
In vitro studies showed low hydration properties for WB and MCC, while medium hydration properties for MOLP and SBP. In vivo studies indicated that compared with medium hydration property groups, low hydration property groups showed (1) exacerbated diarrhea, impaired intestinal health, and reduced apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber; (2) decreased SCFAs concentration and relative levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, but increased levels of Escherichia coli and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in colon contents. Additionally, SBP showed optimal performance in reducing diarrhea and increasing SCFAs production. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation of fiber hydration properties with in vitro SCFAs production, and diarrhea index and nutrient digestibility were negatively and positively correlated with SCFAs levels in the colon contents of weaned piglets, respectively.
Conclusions
Different-source dietary fibers varied in their hydration properties and impacts on diarrhea, microbial composition and SCFAs production in weaned piglets. WB and MCC could exacerbate diarrhea and impair nutrient digestibility, probably because their low hydration properties were detrimental to gut microbial homeostasis and fermentation. Our findings provide new ideas for rational use of fiber resources in weaned piglets.
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Wang H, Yin H, Zhong Y, Hu J, Xia S, Wang Z, Nie S, Xie M. Polysaccharides from fermented coix seed modulates circulating nitrogen and immune function by altering gut microbiota. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1994-2003. [PMID: 36324864 PMCID: PMC9619149 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Coix lachryma-jobi L. seed is an important food item in Asia with culinary and medicinal values. The effects of non-fermented coix seed (NFC), fermented coix seed with Lactobacillus plantarum NCU137 (FC) and polysaccharides from NFC, FC (FCP) on mice circulating nitrogen and immune disorder induced by high relative humidity (RH, 90 ± 2%) exposure were compared. All the treatments reduced circulating nitrogen (BUN and ammonia) might via increasing excretion of fecal nitrogen induced by altering gut microbiota. In comparison, FC and FCP restored erythrocyte morphology by promoting erythrocyte Na+/K+ ATPase activity more effectively, and immune function was modulated by reducing plasma IgM and IFN-γ levels, up-regulating IL-4 and IL-6 levels. Herein, these results indicated that FCP, as the main active ingredient in FC, modulated circulating nitrogen through altering gut microbiota, and restored immune homeostasis by regulating Th1/Th2 cytokines in mice receiving high RH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Hongmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China,School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Shengkun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China,Corresponding author.
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Yang W, Huang Z, Xiong H, Wang J, Zhang H, Guo F, Wang C, Sun Y. Rice Protein Peptides Alleviate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis via the Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Regulating Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12469-12483. [PMID: 36148996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with increasing incidence, causes a range of gastrointestinal symptoms and brings distress and impact on the health and lives of patients. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of industrially produced rice protein peptides (RPP) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in mice and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that RPP treatment alleviated the symptoms of colitis in mice, including weight loss, colon shortening, and injury, decreased the level of disease activity index (DAI), regulated the balance of inflammatory factors and oxidation, activated Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, regulated the expression of related antioxidant proteases, and promoted the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, RPP maintained intestinal mucosal barrier function and alleviated acute colitis caused by DSS treatment in mice by increasing the value of F/B, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, and regulating the level of short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, RPP alleviated colitis symptoms through the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota, which had the potential as dietary supplements or functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenghua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Ausnutria Institute of Food and Nutrition, Ausnutria Dairy (China) Co. Ltd., Changsha 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fanghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chaoping Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
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Liu J, Hua J, Chen S, Zhao L, Wang Q, Zhou A. The potential mechanisms of bergamot-derived dietary fiber alleviating high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and obesity in rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:8228-8242. [PMID: 35833659 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00747a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed to investigate the health-associated benefits of bergamot-dietary fibers (DFs) with a special emphasis on weight loss and lipid-lowering effects, as well as the potential mechanisms involved. The feeding experiment of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 6 weeks showed that DFs had dose-dependent regulatory effects against metabolic syndrome and they controlled obesity by slowing down the rate of weight growth, and reduced body mass index (BMI) and Lee's index without affecting appetite. Furthermore, DFs inhibited increment in TG, TC, LDL-C levels and AI index caused by a high-fat diet, and improved the pathological abnormality of the liver. Western blot results showed that DFs significantly up-regulated the protein expression levels of LXRα and CYP7A1, and down-regulated the levels of SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC and SREBP-2 in the liver. QRT-PCR results showed that DFs up-regulated PGC-1α, PRDM16, UCP-1, and PPARγ in brown adipose tissue. These results suggest that DFs played an effective role in reducing weight and lipids levels by promoting the decomposition and transport of lipids in liver, increasing the energy consumption of brown adipose tissue. DFs intervention reduced the difference in the intestinal microflora between rats fed with a normal diet and those fed with a high-fat diet. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and total dietary fiber (TDF) showed better weight loss and hypolipidemic potential compared to insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) at the same dose. In conclusion, bergamot-derived DFs demonstrated the potential to lower blood cholesterol and body weight and could be used to develop novel functional foods for the prevention or treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jianxin Hua
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shuxi Chen
- Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd, Chaozhou 515634, China
| | - Lichao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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In vitro fecal fermentation characteristics of bamboo insoluble dietary fiber and its impacts on human gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fabrication of quercetin-loaded nanoparticles based on Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides and their modulatory effects on intestinal function and gut microbiota in vivo. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Effects of Different Ionic Polysaccharides in Cooked Lean Pork Batters on Intestinal Health in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101372. [PMID: 35626942 PMCID: PMC9141551 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of cooked lean pork batters with three ionic types of polysaccharides (anionic xanthan-gum/sodium-alginate, neutral curdlan-gum/konjac-gum and cationic chitosan) on the intestinal health of mice were investigated in this study. The results showed that the zeta potential in the sodium-alginate group (−31.35 mV) was higher (p < 0.05) than that in the chitosan group (−26.00 mV), thus promoting the protein hydrolysis in the anionic group because of electrostatic repulsion. The content of total free amino acids in the small intestine in the xanthan-gum and sodium-alginate groups (2754.68 μg and 2733.72 μg, respectively) were higher (p < 0.05) than that in the chitosan group (1949.78 μg), which could decrease the amount of undigested protein entering the colon. The two anionic groups could also increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and the balance of Faecalibaculum and Alistipes in the colon. The content of proinflammatory factor IL−6 of colon tissues in the sodium-alginate group (1.02 ng/mL) was lower (p < 0.05) than that in chitosan, curdlan-gum and konjac-gum groups (1.29, 1.31 and 1.31 ng/mL, respectively). The result of haematoxylin-eosin staining of the colon also revealed that sodium alginate was beneficial for colonic health. The two neutral groups increased the content of faecal short-chain fatty acids in mice. These results demonstrated that anionic polysaccharides have potential for developing functional low-fat meat products.
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D.Carboni A, Weisstaub A, Ferrero C, Zuleta A, C. Puppo M. Impact of lentil-wheat bread on calcium metabolism, cecal and serum parameters in growing Wistar rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Zhang H, Jiang F, Zhang J, Wang W, Li L, Yan J. Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:169-192. [PMID: 35122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbohydrate polymers containing non-starch polysaccharides (NPs) are a class of biomacromolecules isolated from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms, and their biological activities has shown potential uses in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Importantly, NPs serve as prebiotics to provide health benefits to the host through stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The composition and diversity of GM play a critical role in regulating host health and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of NPs derived from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms are outlined. Importantly, the degradation and metabolism of these NPs in the intestinal tract, the effects of NPs on the microbial community and SCFAs generation, and the beneficial effects of NPs on host health by modulating GM are systematically highlighted. Overall, we hope that this review can provide some theoretical references and a new perspective for applications of NPs as prebiotics in functional food and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Li X, Zhang M, Khoo HE, Jiang T, Guan Y, Li P. Effect of Polysaccharides From Enteromorpha intestinalis on Intestinal Function in Sprague Dawley Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:796734. [PMID: 35153754 PMCID: PMC8831789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.796734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of polysaccharides extracted from Enteromorpha intestinalis (EI) on the intestinal function of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The polysaccharides were extracted from the green alga using water and alkaline solution, where these extracts were named WPEI and APEI, respectively. The dried powder of EI was labeled as DPEI. Proximate compositions, minerals, and amino acids of the DPEI, WPEI, and APEI were determined. The growth-promoting effect of the polysaccharides on selected intestinal microflora was determined based on the plate count method. In contrast, the in vivo effect of DPEI and its polysaccharides on the intestinal function of the SD rats was determined. These rats were fed with 1% WPEI, APEI, and DPEI. The result showed that APEI had lower total sugars and total proteins content than the WPEI. WPEI did not contain arabinose. The WPEI and APEI also had a better ability to promote microbial growth than the DPEI. The in vivo study showed that WPEI improved intestinal peristalsis and other intestinal functions compared with the other rat groups. The average final body weight of the experimental rats treated with DPEI was also lower than the other groups. The pH value of the feces of all treated rats was lower than the control rats, and the moisture content of the fecal samples of these experimental groups was higher than the control group. Also, the intestinal activated carbon propulsion of the WPEI, APEI, and DPEI fed rats increased. Among the short-chain fatty acids content determined in the fecal samples, the propionic acid content of the WPEI group was significantly highest. Therefore, WPEI had the best effect in improving intestinal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuan Guan
- *Correspondence: Yuan Guan, ; Peijun Li,
| | - Peijun Li
- *Correspondence: Yuan Guan, ; Peijun Li,
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Yin H, Zhong Y, Wang H, Hu J, Xia S, Xiao Y, Nie S, Xie M. Short-term exposure to high relative humidity increases blood urea and influences colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism by altering the gut microbiota. J Adv Res 2022; 35:153-168. [PMID: 35003799 PMCID: PMC8721250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma urea was increased along with erythrocyte Na+/K+ -ATPase activity reduced and abnormal erythrocyte morphologies appeared during 14-day high relative humidity (90 ± 2%) exposure. Shortly after 12-h and 24-h exposures, urea influx and ammonia level were increased in the colon of mice, respectively. Colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism was influenced by the increased levels of ammonia, amino acids and short-chain fatty acids during 14-day exposure. Gut bacteria related to urease production, amino acids metabolism and SCFAs production was enriched during the exposure.
Introduction Colonic urea-nitrogen metabolites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain diseases which can be affected by environmental factors. Objectives We aimed to explore the influence of ambient humidity on colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism. Methods Blood biochemical indexes, metabolites of intestinal tract, and gut microbiota composition of mice (n = 10/group) exposed to high relative humidity (RH, 90 ± 2%) were analyzed during the 14-day exposure. Results After 12-h exposure, plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level increased along with a decrease in the activity of erythrocyte Na+/K+ -ATPase. Moreover, abnormal erythrocyte morphologies appeared after 3 days of exposure. The colonic BUN and ammonia levels increased significantly after the 12-h and 24-h exposure, respectively. The colonic level of amino acids, partly synthesized by gut microbiota using ammonia as the nitrogen source, was significantly higher on the 7th day. Furthermore, the level of fecal short-chain fatty acids was significantly higher after 3-day exposure and the level of branched-chain fatty acids increased on the 14th day. Overall, gut microbiota composition was continuously altered during exposure, facilitating the preferential proliferation of urea-nitrogen metabolism bacteria. Conclusion Our findings suggest that short-term high RH exposure influences colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism by increasing the influx of colonic urea and altering gut microbiota, which might further impact the host health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shengkun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuandong Xiao
- The College of National Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.,National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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Short-Chain and Total Fatty Acid Profile of Faeces or Plasma as Predictors of Food-Responsive Enteropathy in Dogs: A Preliminary Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:ani12010089. [PMID: 35011195 PMCID: PMC8749849 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Food-responsive enteropathy is the most common diagnosis given for dogs with chronic enteropathy, and there are no tests that can replace treatment trials. Furthermore, there is a lack of information on the specific nutritional status of these patients regarding the lipid profile that could relate them to the state of health/disease. This study evaluated differences in short-chain fatty acids and the total fatty acid profile of faeces and plasma as possible indicators of food-responsive enteropathy (FRE), as well as its relationship with body condition and the chronic enteropathy activity index. Changes in the long-chain fatty acid of plasma, and short-chain, branched and odd-chain fatty acids of faeces were detected in sick dogs, and high correlations were observed between some of these compounds and the existing calculated indices. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the total fatty acid profile of faeces or plasma as possible indicators of FRE in comparison with healthy dogs. FRE dogs had a lower concentration (p = 0.026) of plasma α-tocopherol as an indicator of the oxidative status of the animal, and lower C20:5n-3 (p = 0.033), C22:5n-3 (p = 0.005), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (p = 0.021) and n-6 (p = 0.041) when compared with the control dogs; furthermore, sick dogs had higher proportions of plasma C20:3n-6 (p = 0.0056). The dogs with FRE showed a decrease in the production of faecal levels of SCFAs, mainly propionic acid (C3) (p = 0.0001) and isovaleric acid (iC5) (p = 0.014). FRE dogs also had a lower proportion of C15:0 (p = 0.0003), C16:1n-9 (p = 0.0095), C16:1n-7 (p = 0.0001), C20:5n-3 (p = 0.0034) and monounsaturated fatty acids (p = 0.0315), and tended to have lower n-3 (p = 0.058) and a reduced desaturase activity index in the stool when compared with the control group. However, the dogs with chronic enteropathy tended to have greater C20:4n-6 (p = 0.065) in their faeces as signs of damage at the intestinal level. The faecal parameters were better predictors than plasma. The highest correlations between faecal odd-chain, medium- or long-chain fatty acids and SCFAs were observed for C15:0 that correlated positively with faecal acetic acid (C2) (r = 0.72, p = 0.004), propionic acid (r = 0.95, p = 0.0001), isobutyric acid (iC4) (r = 0.59, p = 0.027) and isovaleric acid (r = 0.64, p = 0.0136), as well as with total SCFAs (r = 0.61, p = 0.02). Conversely, faecal C20:4n-6 showed a high inverse correlation (r = −0.83, p = 0.0002) with C2 and C3 (r = −0.59, p = 0.027). Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity (CIBDAI) index correlated negatively mainly with faecal measurements, such as C3 (r = −0.869, p = 0.0005) and C15:0 (r = −0.825, p = 0.0018), followed by C16:1/C16:0 (r = −0.66, p= 0.0374) and iC5 (r = −0.648, p = 0.0310), which would indicate that these fatty acids could be good non-invasive indicators of the chronic inflammatory status, specifically FRE.
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Zhang S, Hu J, Sun Y, Tan H, Yin J, Geng F, Nie S. Review of structure and bioactivity of the Plantago (Plantaginaceae) polysaccharides. Food Chem X 2021; 12:100158. [PMID: 34825168 PMCID: PMC8604743 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantago (Plantaginaceae) is an herbal plant, which is used in folk medicine, functional food, and dietary supplement products. Recent pharmacological and phytochemical studies have shown that polysaccharides isolated from Plantago have multiple medicinal and nutritional benefits, including improve intestinal health, hypoglycemic effect, immunomodulatory effect, etc. These health and pharmacological benefits are of great interest to the public, academia, and biotechnology industries. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the physicochemical, structural features, and biological effects of Plantago polysaccharides and highlights the similarities and differences of the polysaccharides from different species and in different parts, including leaves, seeds, and husks. The scientific support for its use as a prebiotic is also addressed. The purpose of this review is to provide background as well as useful and up-to-date information for future research and applications of these polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huizi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Zeng Z, Xie Z, Chen G, Sun Y, Zeng X, Liu Z. Anti-inflammatory and gut microbiota modulatory effects of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea on colitis in mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Food Funct 2021; 13:649-663. [PMID: 34932051 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02702f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of crude Fuzhuan brick tea polysaccharides (CFBTPS) and their purified fraction (FBTPS-3) on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice were investigated. Both CFBTPS and FBTPS-3 exhibited intestinal anti-inflammatory activities, including restoring body weight, colon length and solid fecal weight, and decreasing the disease activity index score in mice. Moreover, the expression of lipocalin-2 in colitis could be significantly reduced. The inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharides in the serum and the expression of inflammation-related mRNA in the colon tissue were decreased. Both CFBTPS and FBTPS-3 could increase tight junction proteins (Occludin, Claudin-1 and ZO-1), promoting the intestinal barrier function. For gut microbiota, DSS treatment resulted in abnormal proliferation of Bifidobacteria, while FBTPS-3 could restore this disorder to a certain extent. In addition, FBPTS-3 promoted the growth of probiotics such as Bacteroides, Parasutterella and Collinsella. Both CFBTPS and FBTPS-3 could attenuate colitis; what's more, FBTPS-3 exhibited a better anti-inflammatory effect than CFBTPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. .,National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
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37
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Yu Y, Zhu H, Shen M, Yu Q, Chen Y, Xie J. Sulfation modification enhances the intestinal regulation of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide-treated mice via restoring intestinal mucosal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:12278-12290. [PMID: 34821227 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03042f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the effects of a sulfated derivative of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (SCP3) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced intestinal barrier damage and intestinal microbiota in mice. The results showed that SCP3 increased the intestine antioxidant defense, repaired the intestinal barrier via restoring villi length and crypt depth, and up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins. Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing results confirmed that SCP3 dramatically altered the structure of the gut microbiota, increased the diversity of gut microbiota, and regulated the relative abundances of specific bacteria, including increasing the abundances of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Tenericutes, Oscillospira, and Akkermansia, and decreasing the abundances of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. In conclusion, SCP3 can improve intestinal function in CTX-treated mice via enhancing the intestinal oxidative stress capacity, repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, and regulating intestinal microorganisms, and this study provides a scientific theoretical basis for the application of SCP3 in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Haibin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Mingyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China. .,International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330200, China
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38
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Wu T, Wang X, Xiong H, Deng Z, Peng X, Xiao L, Jiang L, Sun Y. Bioactives and their metabolites from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves ameliorate DSS-induced colitis via protecting the intestinal barrier, mitigating oxidative stress and regulating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:11760-11776. [PMID: 34747421 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02588k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, a precious edible and medicinal plant in China, has attracted extensive research attention in recent years due to its high traditional value for the treatment of various diseases. In vitro digestion and colonic fermentation models were established to evaluate the stability of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves (THL) phenolics by the HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were degraded during digestion and fermentation. 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, orientin and (iso)vitexin were metabolized by digestive enzymes and the gut microbiota, and absorbed in the form of glycosides and smaller phenolic acids for hepatic metabolism. The protective effects of THL on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and potential mechanisms were explored. The results showed that THL supplementation increased the body weight and colon length, and the expression levels of tight junction proteins including occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1 were up-regulated by THL. The secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines containing IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly suppressed, whereas the content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was promoted in the THL treated group. In addition, THL treatment activated the nuclear transfer of Nrf2, improved the expression of SOD, CAT, HO-1, NQO1 and GCLC, and decreased the content of MPO and MDA. It is worth noting that THL treatment significantly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae, and decreased the abundance of Verrucomicrobia which is positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results indicated that THL effectively inhibited DSS-induced colitis by maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier, mitigated oxidative stress through regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and regulated the imbalance of the intestinal flora structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
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Hu X, Xu F, Li J, Li J, Mo C, Zhao M, Wang L. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from coix seeds: Optimization, purification, and in vitro digestibility. Food Chem 2021; 374:131636. [PMID: 34875432 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from coix seeds (CSP), an auxiliary method of ultrasound was developed by response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum extraction yield (8.340%) was obtained under 480 W power, 16 min ultrasound extraction (UE) time and 21.00 mL/g water to raw material ratio. Compared to hot water extraction (HE), UE-treated CSP led to a higher extraction efficiency and decreased average CSP molecular weight. FT-IR indicated that CSP extracted by UE and HE were neutral polysaccharides, and linkages between sugar units were mainly in the α-conformation. Furthermore, NMR spectra indicated that UE-treated CSP was a neutral polysaccharide with (1 → 6)-linked α-d-glucopyranose in the main chain. Two polysaccharide components (CSP-A and CSP-B) were purified by anion exchange chromatography, therein, CSP-A was more resistant to the digestion in stomach and intestine. These results suggest that CSP-A has the potential to be a functional agent utilized by gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiran Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinglei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Mo
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Yang Y, Chang Y, Wu Y, Liu H, Liu Q, Kang Z, Wu M, Yin H, Duan J. A homogeneous polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum: Structural characterizations, anti-obesity effects and impacts on gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2074-2087. [PMID: 34097961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are known for their beneficial effects on diabetes, NAFLD and related chronic metabolic diseases induced by high-fat diet (HFD). However, the relevant researches are mainly about the whole crude polysaccharides, the specific active ingredient of LBPs and its bioactivity have been rarely explored. Herein, a homogeneous polysaccharide (LBP-W) was isolated and purified from crude LBPs. Structure characterizations indicated that LBP-W contained a main chain consisting of a repeated unit of →6)-β-Galp(1 → residues with branches composed of α-Araf, β-Galp and α-Rhap residues at position C-3. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesogenic effect of LBP-W and figure out the underlying mechanisms. In vivo efficacy trial illustrated that LBP-W supplements can alleviate HFD-induced mice obesity significantly. Gut microbiota analysis showed that LBP-W not only improved community diversity of intestinal flora, but also regulated their specific genera. Moreover, LBP-W can increase the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a metabolite of the intestinal flora. In summary, all these results demonstrated that the homogeneous polysaccharide purified from L. barbarum could be used as a prebiotic agent to improve obesity by modulating the composition of intestinal flora and the metabolism of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hairong Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qishan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuzhe Kang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jinyou Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp modulates gut microbiota composition and improves short-chain fatty acids production. Food Chem 2021; 364:130434. [PMID: 34182368 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of polysaccharide from Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. pulp (JFP-Ps) on gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids production in mice. The microbial communities of V3 and V4 region 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR, then sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq PE250 platform and analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The results showed that JFP-Ps significantly affected the levels of intestinal bacteria, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Tenericutes, Deferribacteres and TM7. The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid and total SCFAs in mouse feces were significantly increased by treatment with JFP-Ps for 2 weeks. These results indicate that JFP-Ps is beneficial to the gut health and can be developed as a functional ingredient in relation to gut health.
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Zhang Z, Fan S, Huang D, Xiong T, Nie S, Xie M. Polysaccharides from fermented Asparagus officinalis with Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 alleviated liver injury via modulation of glutathione homeostasis, bile acid metabolism, and SCFA production. Food Funct 2021; 11:7681-7695. [PMID: 32901642 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01435d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria strain (LAB) NCU116 fermented Asparagus officinalis polysaccharides (FAOP) have been proven to cause substantial changes in physicochemical properties such as monosaccharide composition and molecular weight, accounting for their enhanced immune activity than unprocessed Asparagus officinalis polysaccharides (AOP). In the current study, the hepatoprotective effects of FAOP in mice with cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated. FAOP were more effective than AOP in alleviating CTX-induced hepatic damage, including inhibition of hepatic biochemical markers (ALT, AST, AKP and LDH) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) as well as reinforcement of antioxidant systems (T-AOC, SOD, CAT, and MDA). In particular, compared with AOP, FAOP showed superior performance by promoting GSH biosynthesis, and normalizing the expression level of bile acid receptors (FXR and SHP) and key enzymes in bile acid synthesis (CYP7A1, CYP8B1 and CYP27A1). Modulation of disordered homeostasis of bile acids by FAOP can be attributed to the upregulation of hepatic short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors GPR41 and GPR109A as well as intestinal SCFA production. Furthermore, serum metabolomics study validated the hepatoprotective superiority of FAOP than AOP with evidence from variations in bile acid compositions and the construction of related metabolic pathways. Therefore, LAB NCU116 fermentation of Asparagus officinalis was practical and effective to obtain promising hepatoprotective polysaccharides, which might arise from enhanced SCFA production than unprocessed AOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Songtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. and National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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43
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Whole and polysaccharide powdered Sporisorium reilianum improves DSS-induced colitis in BALB/c mice by modulating gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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44
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Kumar V, Khare P, Devi K, Kaur J, Kumar V, Kiran Kondepudi K, Chopra K, Bishnoi M. Short-chain fatty acids increase intracellular calcium levels and enhance gut hormone release from STC-1 cells via transient receptor potential Ankyrin1. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 35:1004-1017. [PMID: 33636045 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites of colonic bacterial fermentation of complex carbohydrates, are closely related to the release of gut hormones. In this study, we examined the involvement of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in SCFA-induced increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i ) and its impact on gut hormone secretion using naturally TRPA1 expressing intestinal secretin tumour cell-1 (STC-1) cell line. Individual SCFAs and their physiological mix enhanced calcium influx in TRPA1-dependent manner. SCFA mix also significantly increased membrane expression of TRPA1. Gene expression studies revealed that SCFA mix elevated the expression of genes involved in calcium-activated calcineurin pathway in TRPA1-dependent manner and cAMP-regulated transcriptional co-activators (CRTC) pathway independent to TRPA1. Genes representing synaptic vesicular exocytosis and gut hormone precursors were significantly elevated with SCFA mix treatment. Treatment with TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 markedly reduced these effects. The release of gut hormones was elevated with 10 mm SCFA mix in TRPA1 dependent manner. Our in vivo prebiotic study results suggested presence of an environment conducive to increase in gut hormone secretion. Overall, our findings provide an evidence for the possible role of TRPA1 in SCFA-induced increase in gut hormone secretion, hence another mechanism of action for prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhu Kumar
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India.,Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pragyanshu Khare
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
| | - Kirti Devi
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Jasleen Kaur
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India.,Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- TR(i)P for Health Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
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45
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Ji H, Hu J, Zuo S, Zhang S, Li M, Nie S. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation models and their applications in food carbohydrates. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5349-5371. [PMID: 33591236 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1884841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Food nutrients plays a crucial role in human health, especially in gastrointestinal (GI) health. The effect of food nutrients on human health mainly depends on the digestion and fermentation process in the GI tract. In vitro GI digestion and fermentation models had the advantages of reproducibility, simplicity, universality, and could integrally simulate the in vivo conditions to mimic oral, gastric, small intestinal and large intestinal digestive processes. They could not only predict the relationship among material composition, structure and digestive characteristics, but also evaluate the bioavailability of material components and the impact of digestive metabolites on GI health. This review systematicly summarized the current state of the in vitro simulation models, and made detailed descriptions for their applications, advantages and disadvantages, and specially their applications in food carbohydrates. In addition, it also provided the suggestions for the improvement of in vitro models and firstly proposed to establish a set of standardized methods of in vitro dynamic digestion and fermentation conditions for food carbohydrates, which were in order to further evaluate more effects of the nutrients on human health in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sheng Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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46
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Li Q, Hu J, Nie Q, Chang X, Fang Q, Xie J, Li H, Nie S. Hypoglycemic mechanism of polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves in type 2 diabetic rats by gut microbiota and host metabolism alteration. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:117-132. [PMID: 32562054 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious threat to human health. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (C.paliurus) is one of the traditional herbal medicine and food in China for treating type 2 diabetes, and the C. paliurus polysaccharides (CP) were found to be one of its major functional constituents. This research aimed at investigating the hypoglycemic mechanism for CP. It was found that CP markedly attenuated the symptoms of diabetes, and inhibited the protein expression of Bax, improved the expression of Bcl-2 in pancreas of diabetic rats, normalized hormones secretion and controlled the inflammation which contributed to the regeneration of pancreatic β-cell and insulin resistance. CP treatment increased the beneficial bacteria genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 which was reported to be a key genus for protecting against diabetes, and the fecal short-chain fatty acids levels were elevated. Uric metabolites analysis showed that CP treatment helped to protect with the diabetes by seven significantly improved pathways closely with the nutrition metabolism (amino acids and purine) and energy metabolism (TCA cycle), which could help to build up the intestinal epithelial cell defense for the inflammation associated with the diabetes. Our study highlights the specific mechanism of prebiotics to attenuate diabetes through multi-path of gut microbiota and host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Xiao Chang
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Qingying Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Junhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Haishan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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47
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Comparative study on glucomannans with different structural characteristics: Functional properties and intestinal production of short chain fatty acids. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:826-835. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Kong H, Yu L, Gu Z, Li C, Ban X, Cheng L, Hong Y, Li Z. Novel Short-Clustered Maltodextrin as a Dietary Starch Substitute Attenuates Metabolic Dysregulation and Restructures Gut Microbiota in db/ db Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12400-12412. [PMID: 33084325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular structure of starch in daily diet is closely associated with diabetes management. By enzymatically reassembling α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic bonds in starch molecules, we have synthesized an innovative short-clustered maltodextrin (SCMD) which slowly releases glucose during digestion. Here, we investigated the potential benefits of the SCMD-containing diet using diabetic db/db mice. As compared to a diet with normal starch, this dietary style greatly attenuated hyperglycemia and repaired symptoms associated with diabetes. Additionally, in comparison with acarbose (an α-glucosidase inhibitor) administration, the SCMD-containing diet more effectively accelerated brown adipose activation and improved energy metabolism of db/db mice. Furthermore, the SCMD-containing diet was a more suitable approach to improving the intestinal microflora than acarbose administration, especially the proliferation of Mucispirillum, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium. These results reveal a novel strategy for diabetes management based on enzymatically rebuilding starch molecules in the daily diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocun Kong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Luxi Yu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Caiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ban
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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49
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Sitolo GC, Mitarai A, Adesina PA, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Fermentable fibers upregulate suppressor of cytokine signaling1 in the colon of mice and intestinal Caco-2 cells through butyrate production. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:2337-2346. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1798212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the microbial metabolites of fermentable dietary fibers exert multiple beneficial effects on mammals including humans. We examined the effects of fermentable dietary fibers on suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), a negative regulator of inflammatory signaling, on the intestinal epithelial cells of the mouse colon and human intestinal Caco-2 cells, specifically focusing on the role of SCFAs. Feeding fermentable fibers, guar gum (GG) and partially hydrolyzed GG (PHGG) increased SOCS1 expression in the colon and the cecal pool of some SCFAs including acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The antibiotic administration abolished the GG-mediated SOCS1 expression in the colon. In Caco-2 cells, butyrate, but not other SCFAs, increased SOCS1 expression. Taken together, fermentable fibers such as GG and PHGG upregulate the colonic SOCS1 expression, possibly through the increased production of butyrate in mice and can be a potential tool in the fight against inflammatory diseases.
Abbreviations: GG: Guar gum; GPR: G protein-coupled receptor; IL: Interleukin; JAK: Janus kinase; NF- κB: Nuclear factor-kappa B; PHGG: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum; SCFA: Short chain fatty acid; SOCS: Suppressor of cytokine signaling; STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription; TLR: Toll-like receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Cynthia Sitolo
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Aya Mitarai
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Precious Adedayo Adesina
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
- Program of Food and AgriLife Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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50
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Gao Y, Guo Q, Zhang K, Wang N, Li C, Li Z, Zhang A, Wang C. Polysaccharide from Pleurotus nebrodensis: Physicochemical, structural characterization and in vitro fermentation characteristics. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1960-1969. [PMID: 33080265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A high Mw (5012 kDa) polysaccharide (PNPS) from the fruiting body of Pleurotus nebrodensis was isolated using water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. The structural characteristics and in vitro fermentation behaviors of this polysaccharide was investigated. Chemical composition analysis showed the total sugar content of PNPS was up to 97.20 ± 1.80 wt%. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed PNPS contained mainly glucose (89.22 ± 5.70 mol%) while small percentage of mannose (5.60 ± 0.74 mol%) and galactose (5.18 ± 0.33 mol%) were also detected. According to the linkage pattern analysis (methylation analysis), PNPS comprised mainly 4-β-D-Glcp (58.90 mol%), while other residues including α-D-Glcp, 6-α-D-Galp, 3,6-α-D-Manp, 3-β-D-Glcp and 6-α-D-Glcp were detected with a comparable amount. Combined with results from 1D and 2D NMR spectrum, a proposed structure of PNPS was presented. In vitro fermentation of PNPS by gut microbiota showed total SCFA production of all treatment groups was higher than negative control group (NC) significantly (p < 0.05) after 48 h of fermentation. The formation of SCFAs was mainly acetic acid, followed by propionic acid and butyric acid, and the pH was decreased from 6.95 to 4.70. After 72 h, the total sugar content decreased from 5.813 ± 0.87 mg/L to 0.23 ± 0.065 mg/L, and the molecular weight of PNPS decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Kunlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Chunrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Zhenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ailin Zhang
- College of food science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Changlu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China.
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