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Zou J, Zheng Z, Ye W, Jin M, Yang P, Little PJ, Wang J, Liu Z. Targeting the smooth muscle cell KEAP1-Nrf2-STING axis with pterostilbene attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155696. [PMID: 38763007 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening aortic disease, and to date, there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments to address this condition. Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling is a crucial mechanism in AAA formation. PURPOSE This study investigated pterostilbene (Pt), a naturally occurring polyphenol and resveratrol analogue, as a STING inhibitor for preventing AAA. METHODS We evaluated the effect of Pt on AAA formation in angiotensin II (AngII)-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. We used histological analysis, MMP activity measurement, western blot, and immunohistochemistry to detect AAA formation and development. We applied RNA sequencing, molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and functional studies to dissect the molecular mechanism of Pt-regulating KEAP1-Nrf2-STING signaling. We conditionally knocked down Nrf2 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vivo to investigate its role in Pt-mediated protective effects on AAA. RESULTS Pt effectively blocked the formation of AAA in AngII-infused ApoE-/- mice. Whole transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and STING pathway in VSMCs were linked to the anti-AAA effects of pterostilbene. Mechanistically, Pt upregulated Nrf2 target genes (e.g., HO-1 and NQO1) through activation of the KEAP1/Nrf2 signaling, which restricted the immunostimulatory axis of mtDNA-STING-TBK1-NF-κB, thereby alleviating VSMC inflammation and preserving the VSMC contractile phenotype. Subsequently, molecular docking and CETSA revealed a binding mode between Pt and KEAP1/Nrf2. Intriguingly, the inhibitory effect of Pt on STING signaling and the protective role of Pt in AAA were largely abrogated by VSMC-specific Nrf2 knockdown in mice. CONCLUSION Collectively, naturally derived Pt shows promising efficacy for the treatment of AAA by targeting the KEAP1-Nrf2-STING axis in VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiami Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weile Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pinglian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
| | - Zhiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Zhao XY, Wang JQ, Neely GG, Shi YC, Wang QP. Natural compounds as obesity pharmacotherapies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:797-838. [PMID: 38083970 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has become a serious global public health problem, affecting over 988 million people worldwide. Nevertheless, current pharmacotherapies have proven inadequate. Natural compounds have garnered significant attention due to their potential antiobesity effects. Over the past three decades, ca. 50 natural compounds have been evaluated for the preventive and/or therapeutic effects on obesity in animals and humans. However, variations in the antiobesity efficacies among these natural compounds have been substantial, owing to differences in experimental designs, including variations in animal models, dosages, treatment durations, and administration methods. The feasibility of employing these natural compounds as pharmacotherapies for obesity remained uncertain. In this review, we systematically summarized the antiobesity efficacy and mechanisms of action of each natural compound in animal models. This comprehensive review furnishes valuable insights for the development of antiobesity medications based on natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ji-Qiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Gregory Neely
- The Dr. John and Anne Chong Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life & Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiao-Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Medical Center for Comprehensive Weight Control, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu P, Tang W, Xiang K, Li G. Pterostilbene in the treatment of inflammatory and oncological diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1323377. [PMID: 38259272 PMCID: PMC10800393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1323377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTS), a naturally occurring analog of resveratrol (RSV), has garnered significant attention due to its potential therapeutic effects in treating inflammatory and oncological diseases. This comprehensive review elucidates the pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential of PTS. Various studies indicate that PTS exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumour properties, potentially making it a promising candidate for clinical applications. Its influence on regulatory pathways like NF-κB and PI3K/Akt underscores its diverse strategies in addressing diseases. Additionally, PTS showcases a favorable pharmacokinetic profile with better oral bioavailability compared to other stilbenoids, thus enhancing its therapeutic potential. Given these findings, there is an increased interest in incorporating PTS into treatment regimens for inflammatory and cancer-related conditions. However, more extensive clinical trials are imperative to establish its safety and efficacy in diverse patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Weihua Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Kali Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Guangcai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
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Yang ZH, Liu YJ, Ban WK, Liu HB, Lv LJ, Zhang BY, Liu AL, Hou ZY, Lu J, Chen X, You YY. Pterostilbene alleviated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction via inhibiting early endothelial cytoskeleton reorganization and late basement membrane degradation. Food Funct 2023; 14:8291-8308. [PMID: 37602757 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02639f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene, an important analogue of the star molecule resveratrol and a novel compound naturally occurring in blueberries and grapes, exerts a significant neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to follow the molecular mechanisms behind the potential protective effect of pterostilbene against I/R induced injury. For fulfilment of our aim, we investigated the protective effects of pterostilbene on I/R injury caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro. Machine learning models and molecular docking were used for target exploration and validated by western blotting. Pterostilbene significantly reduced the cerebral infarction volume, improved neurological deficits, increased cerebral microcirculation and improved blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Machine learning models confirmed that the stroke target MMP-9 bound to pterostilbene, and molecular docking demonstrated the strong binding activity. We further found that pterostilbene could depolymerize stress fibers and maintain the cytoskeleton by effectively increasing the expression of the non-phosphorylated actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) in the early stage of I/R. In the late stage of I/R, pterostilbene could activate the Wnt pathway and inhibit the expression of MMP-9 to decrease the degradation of the extracellular basement membrane (BM) and increase the expression of junction proteins. In this study, we explored the protective mechanisms of pterostilbene in terms of both endothelial cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. The early and late protective effects jointly maintain BBB stability and attenuate I/R injury, showing its potential to be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ye-Ju Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei-Kang Ban
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hai-Bo Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ling-Juan Lv
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Bao-Yue Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zi-Yu Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Juan Lu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yu-Yang You
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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5
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Özyalçın B, Sanlier N. Antiobesity pathways of pterostilbene and resveratrol: a comprehensive insight. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37486219 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2238319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
It may not always be possible for obese individuals to limit energy intake or to provide and/or maintain greater energy expenditure through exercise and physical activity. Therefore, the search for effective methods for obesity continues. Recently, the anti-obesity effect of stilbenes has attracted attention. In this review, aim was evaluating the effect of pterostilbene and resveratrol against obesity and the possible mechanisms in this effect. Dietary phytochemicals can induce body weight loss by increasing basal metabolic rate and thermogenesis and/or altering lipid metabolism. Stilbenes are products of the plant phenylpropanoid pathway. Very important mechanisms for the anti-obesity impact belonging to resveratrol as well as pterostilbene include thermogenic activation in brown adipose tissue alongside the browning of white adipose tissue. Considering nutrition and dietary habits, which have an important place in lifestyle changes for both the prevention and the treatment of obesity, pterostilbene and resveratrol, which are polyphenols and stilbenes, are seen as promising. However, optimal dose, duration, mechanism, long-term safety, side effects, combination, elucidation of genomic interactions, and lifestyle modifications should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Özyalçın
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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Fragopoulou E, Gkotsi K, Petsini F, Gioti K, Kalampaliki AD, Lambrinidis G, Kostakis IK, Tenta R. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Resveratrol Methoxy Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:5547. [PMID: 37513418 PMCID: PMC10386404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbene, exhibits numerous beneficial health effects. Various studies have demonstrated its diverse biological actions, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet properties, thereby supporting its potential for cardio protection, neuroprotection, and anti-cancer activity. However, a significant limitation of resveratrol is its weak bioavailability. To overcome this challenge, multiple research groups have investigated the synthesis of new resveratrol derivatives to enhance bioavailability and pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, there are limited data on the effects of resveratrol derivatives on platelet function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize resveratrol methoxy derivatives and evaluate their anti-platelet and anti-proliferative activity. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from healthy volunteers was utilized to assess the derivatives' ability to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by platelet activating factor (PAF), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP). Additionally, the derivatives' anti-tumor activity was evaluated against the proliferation of PC-3 and HCT116 cells. The results revealed that some methoxy derivatives of resveratrol exhibited comparable or even superior anti-platelet activity compared to the original compound. The most potent derivative was the 4'-methoxy derivative, which demonstrated approximately 2.5 orders of magnitude higher anti-platelet activity against TRAP-induced platelet aggregation, indicating its potential as an anti-platelet agent. Concerning in silico studies, the 4'-methyl group of 4'-methoxy derivative is oriented similarly to the fluorophenyl-pyridyl group of Vorapaxar, buried in a hydrophobic cavity. In terms of their anti-tumor activity, 3-MRESV exhibited the highest potency in PC-3 cells, while 3,4'-DMRESV and TMRESV showed the greatest efficacy in HCT116 cells. In conclusion, methoxy derivatives of resveratrol possess similar or improved anti-platelet and anti-cancer effects, thereby holding potential as bioactive compounds in various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkotsi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Filio Petsini
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Gioti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Amalia D Kalampaliki
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - George Lambrinidis
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis K Kostakis
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Roxane Tenta
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17676 Athens, Greece
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Nakadate K, Kawakami K, Yamazaki N. Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Synergistic Effects of Green Tea Catechins and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Ingestion in Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087054. [PMID: 37108217 PMCID: PMC10138730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obesity causes various diseases, leading to an urgent need for its treatment and prevention. Using monosodium-glutamate-induced obesity mice, the present study investigated the synergistic obesity-reducing effects of tea catechins and the antioxidant β-cryptoxanthin present in mandarin oranges. The results show that the obese mice that ingested both tea catechin and β-cryptoxanthin for 4 weeks had a significantly decreased body weight, with no difference in body weight compared with control mice. Moreover, the blood biochemical test results were normal, and the body fat percentage was significantly decreased according to the histopathological analysis. Additionally, the abundance of M1 macrophages, which release pro-inflammatories, was significantly reduced in adipose tissue. Indeed, a significant decrease was detected in M1-macrophage-secreted tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Meanwhile, M2 macrophage levels were recovered, and adiponectin, which is released from adipocytes and involved in suppressing metabolic syndrome, was increased. Collectively, these results suggest that the combination of tea catechins and antioxidant foods can alleviate chronic obesity, indicating that a combination of various ingredients in foods might contribute to reducing chronic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Nakadate
- Department of Basic Science, Educational and Research Center for Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kiyoharu Kawakami
- Department of Basic Science, Educational and Research Center for Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Noriko Yamazaki
- Department of Community Health Care and Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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Li Y, Sun C, Zhang Y, Chen X, Huang H, Han L, Xing H, Zhao D, Chen X, Zhang Y. Phase I Metabolism of Pterostilbene, a Dietary Resveratrol Derivative: Metabolite Identification, Species Differences, Isozyme Contribution, and Further Bioactivation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:331-346. [PMID: 36538288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE), a dietary derivative of resveratrol, displayed pleiotropic health-promoting activities. This study aimed to explore the metabolic profiles and species differences of the phase I metabolism of PTE and to investigate subsequent detoxification after PTE bioactivation. PTE was found to be biotransformed to two pharmacologically active metabolites, pinostilbene and 3'-hydroxypterostilbene, in vivo and in vitro with substantial species differences. Human CYP1A2 was proved to be mainly responsible for the demethylation and 3'-hydroxylation of PTE, with its contribution to a demethylation of 94.5% and to a 3'-hydroxylation of 97.9%. An in vitro glutathione trapping experiment revealed the presence of an ortho-quinone intermediate formed by further oxidation of 3'-hydroxypterostilbene. Human glutathione S-transferase isoforms A2, T1, and A1 inactivated the ortho-quinone intermediate by catalyzing glutathione conjugation, implicating a potential protective pathway against PTE bioactivation-derived toxicity. Overall, this study provided a comprehensive view of PTE phase I metabolism and facilitated its further development as a promising nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Changcheng Sun
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yutian Zhang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Haoyan Huang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Luyao Han
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Han Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Wang Y, Zhou X, Liu M, Zang H, Zhang R, Yang H, Jin S, Qi X, Shan A, Feng X. Quality of chicken breast meat improved by dietary pterostilbene referring to up-regulated antioxidant capacity and enhanced protein structure. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Koh YC, Lin SJ, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. The Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities of Pterostilbene and its Colonic Metabolite Pinostilbene Protect against Tight Junction Disruption from Western Diet Feeding. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200146. [PMID: 35751615 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Tight junctions (TJs) are a member of the intestinal epithelium barrier that provides the first line of protection against external factors. Anti-obesity and protective effects of pterostilbene (PSB) on TJs have previously been reported, but the effect of its colonic metabolite, pinostilbene (PIN), is less understood. METHODS AND RESULTS A 16-week animal model fed with western-diet to induced colonic TJs disruption was designed, supplemented with PSB and PIN to evaluate their potent in colonic TJ protection. The results showed that both PSB and PIN exerted suppressive effects on obesity, hepatic steatosis, and chronic inflammation in western-diet-fed mice. Western-diet feeding significantly reduced expression of TJ proteins, including ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1, while PSB and PIN supplementation effectively protected TJ proteins against disruption. Increment in serum, hepatic, and mesenteric pro-inflammatory cytokines suggest their probable involvement in TJ disruption supported with the findings in macrophage polarization. The adverse were revered by PSB and PIN. The protective effect of PSB and PIN on TJ proteins may stem from their anti-inflammation capabilities. CONCLUSION This is the first study suggesting that PIN, the metabolite of PSB, demonstrates a similar protective effect on colonic TJ proteins via its anti-obesity, hepatic protection and anti-inflammatory capabilities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Jhih Lin
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Navarro-Orcajada S, Conesa I, Vidal-Sánchez FJ, Matencio A, Albaladejo-Maricó L, García-Carmona F, López-Nicolás JM. Stilbenes: Characterization, bioactivity, encapsulation and structural modifications. A review of their current limitations and promising approaches. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7269-7287. [PMID: 35234546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Stilbenes are phenolic compounds naturally synthesized as secondary metabolites by the shikimate pathway in plants. Research on them has increased in recent years due to their therapeutic potential as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and anti-obesity agents. Amongst them, resveratrol has attracted the most attention, although there are other natural and synthesized stilbenes with enhanced properties. However, stilbenes have some physicochemical and pharmacokinetic problems that need to be overcome before considering their applications. Human clinical evidence of their bioactivity is still controversial due to this fact and hence, exhaustive basis science on stilbenes is needed before applied science. This review gathers the main physicochemical and biological properties of natural stilbenes, establishes structure-activity relationships among them, emphasizing the current problems that limit their applications and presenting some promising approaches to overcome these issues: the encapsulation in different agents and the structural modification to obtain novel stilbenes with better features. The bioactivity of stilbenes should move from promising to evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Navarro-Orcajada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Conesa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Vidal-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Albaladejo-Maricó
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Carmona
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia-Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
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Benbouguerra N, Hornedo-Ortega R, Garcia F, El Khawand T, Saucier C, Richard T. Stilbenes in grape berries and wine and their potential role as anti-obesity agents: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Gómez-Zorita S, Milton-Laskibar I, Macarulla MT, Biasutto L, Fernández-Quintela A, Miranda J, Lasa A, Segues N, Bujanda L, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene modifies triglyceride metabolism in hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding: a comparison with its analog resveratrol. Food Funct 2021; 12:3266-3279. [PMID: 33877249 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of phenolic compounds as a new therapeutic approach against NAFLD has emerged recently. In the present study, we aim to study the effect of pterostilbene in the prevention of liver steatosis developed as a consequence of high-fat (saturated) high-fructose feeding, by analysing the changes induced in metabolic pathways involved in triglyceride accumulation. Interestingly, a comparison with the anti-steatotic effect of its parent compound resveratrol will be made for the first time. Rats were distributed into 5 experimental groups and fed either a standard laboratory diet or a high-fat high-fructose diet supplemented with or without pterostilbene (15 or 30 mg per kg per d) or resveratrol (30 mg per kg per d) for 8 weeks. Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, NEFA and transaminase levels were quantified. Liver histological analysis was carried out by haematoxylin-eosin staining. Different pathways involved in liver triglyceride metabolism, including fatty acid synthesis, uptake and oxidation, triglyceride assembly and triglyceride release, were studied. Pterostilbene was shown to partially prevent high-fat high-fructose feeding induced liver steatosis in rats, demonstrating a dose-response pattern. In this dietary model, it acts mainly by reducing de novo lipogenesis and increasing triglyceride assembly and release. Improvement in mitochondrial functionality was also appreciated. At the same dose, the magnitude of pterostilbene and resveratrol induced effects, as well as the involved mechanisms of action, were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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14
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Moustafa EM, Rashed ER, Rashed RR. Pterostilbene Inhibits Dyslipidemia-Induced Activation of Progenitor Adipose Gene Under High-Fat Diet and Radiation Stressor. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211001267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Repeated exposure to ionizing radiation has been reported to increase the risk of chronic metabolic disorders such as systemic hyperlipidemia and intracellular lipid accumulation that might lead to diabetes-induced heart disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pterostilbene on high-fat diet rats suffering from ionizing radiation-induced hyperlipidemia. High-fat diet rats showed an increase in body weight and body fat compared with rats fed with normal chow. Pterostilbene and Orlistat treatments resulted in lower body weight and body fat gain, insulin resistance, reduced lipid peroxidation with attenuated liver enzyme levels, and regulated lipogenesis-related genes in the HFD + IR rat group. Regulation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) mRNA enhanced paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and arylesterase (AE) activities and inhibited that of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA). It also increased the activities of plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Pterostilbene and Orlistat also corrected the alterations of serum leptin and adiponectin levels in lipidemic rats. Such findings provide evidence that Pterostilbene and Orlistat can act as normolipidemic agents that possess lipid-lowering effects and potential as a radioprotector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas M. Moustafa
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Engy R. Rashed
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Rashed
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nasr City, Egypt
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15
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Lesser Investigated Natural Ingredients for the Management of Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020510. [PMID: 33557185 PMCID: PMC7913945 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, an epidemiological disorder, is related to various complications in both the developed and developing world. It epitomizes a crucial risk factor for health, decreasing productivity and life expectancy while increasing health care costs worldwide. Conventional therapies with synthetic drugs or bariatric surgery, associated with numerous side effects, recurrence, and surgical complexity, have been restricted in their use. Lifestyle changes and dietary restrictions are the proven methods for successful weight loss, although maintaining a strict lifestyle is a challenge. Multiple natural products have been explored for weight management with varied efficacy. The current review explores less explored natural herbs, their active constituents, and their mechanisms of action against obesity.
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16
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de Morais JMB, Cruz EMS, da Rosa CVD, Cesário RC, Comar JF, Moreira CCL, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Seiva FRF. Pterostilbene influences glycemia and lipidemia and enhances antioxidant status in the liver of rats that consumed sucrose solution. Life Sci 2021; 269:119048. [PMID: 33453246 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study investigated the potential effects of pterostilbene (PT) on glycemic and lipid profiles, fat storage, cardiovascular indices, and hepatic parameters of rats fed with sucrose solution. MAIN METHODS 24 male Wistar rats received either drinking water or a 40% sucrose solution over a period of 140 days. After this period, animals were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 6): Control (C), C + Pterostilbene (PT), Sucrose (S), and S + PT. Pterostilbene (40 mg/kg) was given orally for 45 consecutive days. KEY FINDINGS Pterostilbene did not influence morphometric and nutritional parameters. The insulin sensitivity index TyG was elevated in the C + PT group (p < 0.01) and reduced in S + PT group (p < 0.05). Basal glucose levels were lower in the S + PT group (p < 0.05), and the glycemic response was improved with PT treatment in glucose provocative tests. Conversely, rats from the C + PT group showed impaired glucose disposal during those tests. Lipid profile was partially improved by PT treatment. Hepatic oxidative stress in the S group was improved after PT treatment. In the C group, PT reduced SOD activity, glutathione levels, and increased catalase activity. Collagen content was reduced by PT treatment. SIGNIFICANCE PT effects depends on the type of diet the animals were submitted. In rats fed with sucrose-solution, PT confirmed its positive effects, improving glucose and lipid profile, and acting as a potent antioxidant. The effects of PT on rats that consumed a normal diet were very discrete or even undesirable. We suggest caution with indiscriminate consume of natural compounds by healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Mayara Souza Cruz
- Post Graduation Program of Experimental Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Vinícius Dalto da Rosa
- Department of Biology, Biological Science Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná - UENP, Luiz Meneghel Campus, Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Roberta Carvalho Cesário
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva
- Department of Biology, Biological Science Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná - UENP, Luiz Meneghel Campus, Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil; Post Graduation Program of Experimental Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Paraná, Brazil.
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17
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Lin WS, Leland JV, Ho CT, Pan MH. Occurrence, Bioavailability, Anti-inflammatory, and Anticancer Effects of Pterostilbene. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12788-12799. [PMID: 32064876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Supplementation with natural compounds found in fruits and vegetables has long been associated with a reduced risk of several types of cancer. Pterostilbene is a natural stilbenoid and a dimethylated analogue of resveratrol which is found primarily in blueberries. Pterostilbene exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, particularly anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Due to two methoxy groups in its skeleton, pterostilbene is more lipophilic than resveratrol and thus possesses higher intestinal permeability and cellular uptake and enhanced stability. Moreover, pterostilbene exhibits less toxicity and fewer adverse effects, providing it with superior potential in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy applications. Numerous research studies have demonstrated that pterostilbene possesses detoxification activities, mediating the anti-inflammation response, regulating the cell cycle, augmenting apoptosis, enhancing autophagy, and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by modulating signal transduction pathways which block multiple stages of carcinogenesis. In this review, we illustrate that pterostilbene is a natural compound having bioavailability. The extensive metabolism of pterostilbene will be discussed. We also summarize recent research on pterostilbene's anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in the multistage carcinogenesis process and related molecular mechanism and conclude that it should contribute to improved cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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18
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Recent Advances in Synthesis, Bioactivity, and Pharmacokinetics of Pterostilbene, an Important Analog of Resveratrol. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215166. [PMID: 33171952 PMCID: PMC7664215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene is a natural 3,5-dimethoxy analog of resveratrol. This stilbene compound has a strong bioactivity and exists widely in Dalbergia and Vaccinium spp. Besides natural extraction, pterostilbene can be obtained by biosynthesis. Pterostilbene has become popular because of its remarkable pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotection. Pterostilbene can be rapidly absorbed and is widely distributed in tissues, but it does not seriously accumulate in the body. Pterostilbene can easily pass through the blood-brain barrier because of its low molecular weight and good liposolubility. In this review, the studies performed in the last three years on resources, synthesis, bioactivity, and pharmacokinetics of pterostilbene are summarized. This review focuses on the effects of pterostilbene on certain diseases to explore its targets, explain the possible mechanism, and look for potential therapeutic applications.
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Aranaz P, Zabala M, Romo-Hualde A, Navarro-Herrera D, López-Yoldi M, Vizmanos JL, Martínez JA, Milagro FI, González-Navarro CJ. A combination of borage seed oil and quercetin reduces fat accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:4512-4524. [PMID: 32391533 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00504e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic properties of omega-6 fatty acid consumption are being increasingly accepted. We had previously observed that supplementation with a borage seed oil (BSO), as a source of linoleic (18:2n-6; LA) and gamma-linolenic (18:3n-6; GLA) acids, reduces body weight and visceral adiposity and improves insulin sensitivity in a diet-induced obesity model of Wistar rats. Here, it was investigated whether the anti-obesogenic properties of BSO could be maintained in a pre-obese model of rats, and if these effects are enhanced by a combination with low doses of quercetin, together with its potential role in the regulation of the adipocyte biology. The combination of BSO and quercetin during 8 weeks was able to ameliorate glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, and to improve liver steatosis. Although no effects were observed on body weight, animals supplemented with this combination exhibited a lower proportion of visceral adiposity. In addition, in vitro differentiation of epididymal adipose-precursor cells of the BSO-treated animals exhibited a down-regulation of Fasn, Glut4, Pparg and Srebp1 genes, in comparison with the control group. Finally, in vitro evaluation of the components of BSO demonstrated that the anti-adipogenic activity of quercetin was significantly potentiated by the combination with both LA and GLA through the down-regulation of different adipogenesis-key genes in 3T3-L1 cells. All these data suggest that omega-6 fatty acids LA and GLA, and their natural sources such as BSO, could be combined with quercetin to potentiate their effects in the prevention of the excess of adiposity and the insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Aranaz
- Center for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Spain.
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20
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Feeding brown fat: dietary phytochemicals targeting non-shivering thermogenesis to control body weight. Proc Nutr Soc 2020; 79:338-356. [PMID: 32290888 PMCID: PMC7663322 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120006928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive adipose accumulation, which is the main driver for the development of secondary metabolic complications, has reached epidemic proportions and combined pharmaceutical, educational and nutritional approaches are required to reverse the current rise in global obesity prevalence rates. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a unique organ able to dissipate energy and thus a promising target to enhance BMR to counteract a positive energy balance. In addition, active BAT might support body weight maintenance after weight loss to prevent/reduce relapse. Natural products deliver valuable bioactive compounds that have historically helped to alleviate disease symptoms. Interest in recent years has focused on identifying nutritional constituents that are able to induce BAT activity and thereby enhance energy expenditure. This review provides a summary of selected dietary phytochemicals, including isoflavones, catechins, stilbenes, the flavonoids quercetin, luteolin and resveratrol as well as the alkaloids berberine and capsaicin. Most of the discussed phytochemicals act through distinct molecular pathways e.g. sympathetic nerve activation, AMP-kinase signalling, SIRT1 activity or stimulation of oestrogen receptors. Thus, it might be possible to utilise this multitude of pathways to co-activate BAT using a fine-tuned combination of foods or combined nutritional supplements.
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21
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Effects of resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene on brown adipose tissue thermogenic activation and on white adipose tissue browning process. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 76:269-278. [PMID: 32170654 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The main function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is thermogenesis, a process mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and acts uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from ATP production, thereby dissipating energy as heat. White adipose tissue can also express UCP1 positive cells due to a process known as browning. This phenomenon could also increase the thermogenic effect in the classical brown adipose depots. BAT thermogenesis depends, among other factors on both, nutritional conditions and food availability. Indeed, some studies have found that BAT recruitment and function are enhanced by some food components. The present study focuses on the effects of resveratrol and pterostilbene, two phenolic compounds belonging to the stilbene group, on BAT thermogenic activation and white adipose tissue browning process. The reported studies, carried out in cell cultures and animal models, show that both resveratrol and pterostilbene induce thermogenic capacity in interscapular BAT by increasing mitochondriogenesis, as well as enhancing fatty acid oxidation and glucose disposal. In addition, resveratrol seems to promote browning by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), while the lack of changes in mitochondrial biogenesis suggests that probably the browning process occurs by direct resveratrol-mediated upregulation of ucp1 mRNA expression.
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22
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Wu WY, Ding XQ, Gu TT, Guo WJ, Jiao RQ, Song L, Sun Y, Pan Y, Kong LD. Pterostilbene Improves Hepatic Lipid Accumulation via the MiR-34a/Sirt1/SREBP-1 Pathway in Fructose-Fed Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1436-1446. [PMID: 31927917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High fructose intake promotes hepatic lipid accumulation. Pterostilbene, a natural analogue of resveratrol found in diet berries, exhibits a hepatoprotective property. Here, we studied the protection by pterostilbene against fructose-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and explored its possible mechanism. We observed a high expression of microRNA-34a (miR-34a, P < 0.05) and a low expression of its target, sirtuin1 (Sirt1, mRNA: P < 0.01; protein: P < 0.001), with the overactivation of downstream sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) lipogenic pathway (nuclear SREBP-1 protein: P < 0.05; FAS and SCD1 mRNA: P < 0.01), in rat livers, as well as BRL-3A and HepG2 cells, stimulated by fructose. More interestingly, pterostilbene recovered the fructose-disturbed miR-34a expression (0.3-0.5-fold vs fructose control, P < 0.05), Sirt1 protein level (1.2- to 1.5-fold vs fructose control, P < 0.05), and SREBP-1 lipogenic pathway, resulting in significant amelioration of hepatocyte lipid accumulation in animal [hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol (TG&TC) mg/g·wet tissue: 4.90 ± 0.19, 5.23 ± 0.16, 5.20 ± 0.29 vs fructose control 9.73 ± 1.06, P < 0.001; 3.18 ± 0.30, 3.31 ± 0.39, 3.37 ± 0.47 vs 5.67 ± 0.28, P < 0.001] and cell models (BRL-3A TG&TC mmol/g·protein: 0.123 ± 0.011 vs 0.177 ± 0.004, P < 0.001; 0.169 ± 0.011 vs 0.202 ± 0.008, P < 0.05; HepG2: 0.257 ± 0.005 vs 0.303 ± 0.016, P < 0.05; 0.143 ± 0.004 vs 0.201 ± 0.008, P < 0.001). These results provide the experimental evidence supporting the anti-lipogenic effect of pterostilbene against fructose-induced hepatic lipid accumulation via modulating the miR-34a/Sirt1/SREBP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Gu
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Rui-Qing Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Lin Song
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
- School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu Province , P. R. China
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23
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Wang W, Wang YR, Chen J, Chen YJ, Wang ZX, Geng M, Xu DC, Wang ZY, Li JH, Xu ZD, Pan LL, Sun J. Pterostilbene Attenuates Experimental Atherosclerosis through Restoring Catalase-Mediated Redox Balance in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12752-12760. [PMID: 31642668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the major risk of cardiovascular events, is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease. Pterostilbene is a naturally occurring dimethylated analogue of resveratrol and has recently been demonstrated to be beneficial against cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of pterostilbene on atherosclerosis remain elusive. Experimental atherosclerosis was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Pterostilbene was administered intragastrically for 16 weeks. We found that pterostilbene significantly attenuated thoracic and abdominal atherosclerotic plaque formation in HFD-fed ApoE-/-mice, accompanied by modulated lipid profiles and reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines (including IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α). In addition, pterostilbene restored vascular redox balance in thoracic and abdominal aorta, evidenced by enhanced catalase (CAT) expression and activities, and decreased malondialdehyde and H2O2 production. Notably, pterostilbene specifically induced CAT expression and activities in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of thoracic and abdominal aorta. In vitro, pterostilbene markedly promoted the expression and activity of CAT and decreased ox-low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-mediated VSMC proliferation and intracellular H2O2 production, which was abolished by CAT siRNA knockdown or inhibition. Pterostilbene-induced CAT expression was associated with inhibition of Akt, PRAS40, and GSK-3β signaling activation and upregulation of PTEN. Our data clearly demonstrated that pterostilbene exerted an antiatherosclerotic effect by inducing CAT and modulating the VSMC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Ya-Ru Wang
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Ya-Jun Chen
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Zhao-Xia Wang
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Ming Geng
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - De-Cong Xu
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
| | - Zhong-Dong Xu
- School of Life Science , Hefei Normal University , Hefei 230601 , China
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24
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La Spina M, Galletta E, Azzolini M, Gomez Zorita S, Parrasia S, Salvalaio M, Salmaso A, Biasutto L. Browning Effects of a Chronic Pterostilbene Supplementation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215377. [PMID: 31671737 PMCID: PMC6862528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related comorbidities are a major health concern. The drugs used to treat these conditions are largely inadequate or dangerous, and a well-researched approach based on nutraceuticals would be highly useful. Pterostilbene (Pt), i.e., 3,5-dimethylresveratrol, has been reported to be effective in animal models of obesity, acting on different metabolic pathways. We investigate here its ability to induce browning of white adipose tissue. Pt (5 µM) was first tested on 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes, and then it was administered (352 µmol/kg/day) to mice fed an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks, starting at weaning. In the cultured adipocytes, the treatment elicited a significant increase of the levels of Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) protein—a key component of thermogenic, energy-dissipating beige/brown adipocytes. In vivo administration antagonized weight increase, more so in males than in females. Analysis of inguinal White Adipose Tissue (WAT) revealed a trend towards browning, with significantly increased transcription of several marker genes (Cidea, Ebf2, Pgc1α, PPARγ, Sirt1, and Tbx1) and an increase in UCP1 protein levels, which, however, did not achieve significance. Given the lack of known side effects of Pt, this study strengthens the candidacy of this natural phenol as an anti-obesity nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina La Spina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Eva Galletta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Saioa Gomez Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marika Salvalaio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Salmaso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Padova Unit, CNR Neuroscience Institute, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Padova Unit, CNR Neuroscience Institute, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Aguirre L, Palacios-Ortega S, Fernández-Quintela A, Hijona E, Bujanda L, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene Reduces Liver Steatosis and Modifies Hepatic Fatty Acid Profile in Obese Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050961. [PMID: 31035507 PMCID: PMC6566509 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fat accumulation within the liver is known as “simple hepatic steatosis”, which is the most benign form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present study was to determine whether pterostilbene improves this hepatic alteration in Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Animals were distributed in two experimental groups (n = 10) and fed a standard laboratory diet. Rats in the pterostilbene group were given a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight/d for six weeks. After sacrifice, serum glucose, transaminase, and insulin concentrations were quantified and the liver triacylglycerol content and fatty acid profile was analyzed. Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied, including fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, triglyceride assembly, fatty acid uptake, and glucose uptake. With pterostilbene administration, a reduction in insulin concentrations (consequently in the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) and hepatic triacylglycerol content were observed. No effects were observed in pterostilbene-treated rats in the activity of de novo lipogenesis enzymes. An improvement in the fatty acid profile was observed in pterostilbene-treated rats. In conclusion, pterostilbene is a useful molecule to reduce liver steatosis. Its delipidating effect is due, at least in part, to reduced fatty acid availability and triacylglycerol synthesis, as well as to an increased very low-density lipoprotein assembly and fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Sara Palacios-Ortega
- Doisy Research Center, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- Biodonostia Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- Biodonostia Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
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Song L, Chen TY, Zhao XJ, Xu Q, Jiao RQ, Li JM, Kong LD. Pterostilbene prevents hepatocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fructose-induced liver fibrosis through suppressing miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 and TGF-β1/Smads signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1619-1634. [PMID: 30632134 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Excessive fructose consumption is a risk factor for liver fibrosis. Pterostilbene protects against liver fibrosis. Here, we investigated the potential role and the mechanisms underlying the hepatocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in fructose-induced liver fibrosis and protection by pterostilbene. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Characteristic features of liver fibrosis in 10% fructose-fed rats and EMT in 5 mM fructose-exposed BRL-3A cells with or without pterostilbene and the change of miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signalling were examined. MiR-34a inhibitor, miR-34a minic, or p53 siRNA were used to explore the role of miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 signalling in fructose-induced EMT and the action of pterostilbene. KEY RESULTS Pterostilbene prevented fructose-induced liver injury with fibrosis in rats. Fructose caused hepatocyte undergoing EMT, gaining fibroblast-specific protein 1 and vimentin, and losing E-cadherin, effects attenuated by pterostilbene. Moreover, fructose induced miR-34a overexpression in hepatocytes with down-regulated Sirt1, increased p53 and ac-p53, and activated TGF-β1/Smads signalling, whereas these disturbances were suppressed by miR-34a inhibitor. Additionally, miR-34a inhibitor and p53 siRNA prevented TGF-β1-driven hepatocyte EMT under fructose exposure. Pterostilbene down-regulated miR-34a, up-regulated Sirt1, and suppressed p53 activation and TGF-β1/Smads signalling in fructose-stimulated animals and cells but showed no additional effects with miR-34a inhibitor on miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 signalling in fructose-exposed hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results strongly suggest that activation of miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 signalling is required for fructose-induced hepatocyte EMT mediated by TGF-β1/Smads signalling, contributing to liver fibrosis in rats. Pterostilbene exhibits a protective effect against liver fibrosis at least partly through inhibiting miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 signalling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui-Qing Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Effects of resveratrol and its analogue pterostilbene, on NOV/CCN3 adipokine in adipose tissue from rats fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:275-283. [PMID: 30972698 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Nephroblastoma overexpressed protein, also called NOV/CCN3, is an adipokine which is present in various tissues and recently linked to obesity. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of resveratrol and pterostilbene on NOV/CCN3 in adipose tissue from rats fed an obesogenic diet. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were split into four groups (n = 9): fed a standard diet (CC), high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet supplemented with resveratrol (RSV; 30 mg/kg/day) or with pterostilbene (PT; 30 mg/kg/day), or without phenolic supplementation (HFS). Rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of treatment, and adipose tissue (white and brown) from different anatomical locations were dissected. Then, Nov/ccn3 gene and protein expression and the adipogenic genes, Ucp-1 and Pgc-1a, expressions were studied. Increased weight of white adipose tissues was found in rats fed the HFS diet. Whereas resveratrol-treated rats showed reduced internal and total adipose tissue weights, pterostilbene-treated rats showed reduced subcutaneous, internal and total adipose depots. Nov/ccn3 gene expression decreased in epididymal and interscapular brown depot in rats fed HFS diet when compared with the control group. Regarding the phenolic compounds, resveratrol prompted a Nov/ccn3 gene expression increase in epididymal fat tissue, whereas pterostilbene reduced its protein expression compared with the obese group. However, these phenolic compounds did not affect NOV/CCN3 expression in brown depot. NOV/CCN3 seems to be involved in weight changes in epididymal adipose tissue under obesogenic feeding, but not in subcutaneous, acting as a protective mechanism counteracting the fattening effect of the diet. To our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing whether NOV/CCN3 is involved in the anti-obesity effect of resveratrol and pterostilbene. Our results suggest that this is not the case.
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Anlu W, Dongcheng C, He Z, Qiuyi L, Yan Z, Yu Q, Hao X, Keji C. Using herbal medicine to target the “microbiota-metabolism-immunity” axis as possible therapy for cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:205-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kosuru R, Kandula V, Rai U, Prakash S, Xia Z, Singh S. Pterostilbene Decreases Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Activation of AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Fructose-Fed Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2019; 32:147-163. [PMID: 29556862 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-018-6780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated cardiovascular problems, which has remained a primary cause of the increased morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. It is of paramount importance to prevent the diabetes-associated cardiac complications by reducing oxidative stress with the help of nutritional or pharmacological agents. Pterostilbene (PT), the primary antioxidant in blueberries, has recently gained attention for its promising health benefits in metabolic and cardiac diseases. However, the mechanism whereby PT reduces diabetic cardiac complications is currently unknown. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 65% fructose diet with or without PT (20 mg kg-1 day-1) for 8 weeks. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured by tail-cuff apparatus. Real-time PCR and western blot experiments were executed to quantify the expression levels of mRNA and protein, respectively. RESULTS Fructose-fed rats demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, enhanced myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation and increased NF-κB expression. Administration of PT significantly decreased cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, NF-κB expression and NLRP3 inflammasome. We demonstrated that PT improved mitochondrial biogenesis as evidenced by increased protein expression of PGC-1α, complex III and complex V in fructose-fed diabetic rats. Further, PT increased protein expressions of AMPK, Nrf2, HO-1 in cardiac tissues, which may account for the prevention of cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation in fructose-fed rats. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, PT reduced cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats through stimulation of AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramoji Kosuru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vidya Kandula
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Uddipak Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Prakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Pterostilbene, a bioactive component of blueberries, alleviates renal fibrosis in a severe mouse model of hyperuricemic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1802-1808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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31
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Yue Y, Shen P, Chang AL, Qi W, Kim KH, Kim D, Park Y. trans-Trismethoxy resveratrol decreased fat accumulation dependent on fat-6 and fat-7 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2019; 10:4966-4974. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00778d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
trans-Trismethoxy resveratrol reduced fat accumulation via the regulation of FAT-6 and FAT-7, stearoyl-CoA desaturases homologs, in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Yue
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Peiyi Shen
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Amanda L. Chang
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Weipeng Qi
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
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32
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Mei H, Xiang Y, Mei H, Fang B, Wang Q, Cao D, Hu Y, Guo T. Pterostilbene inhibits nutrient metabolism and induces apoptosis through AMPK activation in multiple myeloma cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2676-2688. [PMID: 30226553 PMCID: PMC6192759 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) cells are characterized by an abnormal nutrient metabolism that is distinct from normal plasma cells. Pterostilbene (PTE), a bioactive component of blueberries, has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cell. The present study evaluated whether PTE treatment affected the survival of MM cells from a metabolic perspective, and the potential mechanisms of this. It was observed that the administration of PTE induced apoptosis, which was mediated by the increased activation of AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK). Once activated, AMPK decreased the expression and/or activity of key lipogenic enzymes, including fatty acid synthase and acetyl‑CoA carboxylase. In addition, the activation of AMPK suppressed the downstream substrate, mechanistic target of rapamycin, which dephosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 4E‑binding protein 1, leading to a general decrease in mRNA translation. Pre‑treatment with the AMPK inhibitor compound C prior to PTE treatment compromised the anti‑myeloma apoptosis effect, suggesting the critical role of AMPK in mediating PTE‑induced cell toxicity. Consistent results were obtained in vivo. Finally, autophagy was adaptively upregulated subsequent to PTE treatment; the pro‑apoptotic efficacy of PTE was potentiated once autophagic flux was inhibited by 3‑methyladenine. Taken together, these data demonstrated that PTE exerts anti‑tumor effects on MM cells via AMPK‑induced nutrient suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022
| | - Yu Xiang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022
| | - Bin Fang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Qiuguo Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Dedong Cao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022
- Correspondence to: Dr Yu Hu or Dr Tao Guo, Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1,277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Tao Guo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022
- Correspondence to: Dr Yu Hu or Dr Tao Guo, Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1,277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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Gómez-Zorita S, Trepiana J, Fernández-Quintela A, González M, Portillo MP. Resveratrol and Pterostilbene, Two Analogue Phenolic Compounds, Affect Aquaglyceroporin Expression in a Different Manner in Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092654. [PMID: 30205436 PMCID: PMC6165208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels that mediate glycerol release and glycerol uptake. They are involved in fat metabolism, with implications in obesity. The aim was to determine whether the administration of resveratrol and pterostilbene during the six weeks of the experimental period would modify AQPs expression in white and brown adipose tissues from Wistar rats fed an obesogenic diet, and to establish a potential relationship with the delipidating properties of these compounds. Consequently, thirty-six rats were divided into four groups: (a) group fed a standard diet; and three more groups fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet: (b) high-fat high-sucrose group: (c) pterostilbene-treated group (30 mg/kg/d): (d) resveratrol-treated group (30 mg/kg/d). Epididymal, subcutaneous white adipose tissues and interscapular brown adipose tissue were dissected. AQPs gene expression (RT-PCR) and protein expression (western-blot) were measured. In white adipose tissue, pterostilbene reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue weight and prevented the decrease in AQP9 induced by obesogenic feeding, and thus glycerol uptake for triglyceride accumulation. Resveratrol reduced epididymal adipose tissue weight and avoided the decrease in AQPs related to glycerol release induced by high-fat high-sucrose feeding, suggesting the involvement of lipolysis in its body-fat lowering effect. Regarding brown adipose tissue, AQP7 seemed not to be involved in the previously reported thermogenic activity of both phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Ren G, Rimando AM, Mathews ST. AMPK activation by pterostilbene contributes to suppression of hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression and glucose production in H4IIE cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [PMID: 29524400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene, a bioactive component of blueberries and grapes, shows structural similarity to resveratrol, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, and cholesterol lowering effects. Recent evidence indicates that pterostilbene is an agonist of the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α). Since PPAR-α agonists induce peroxisomal proliferation and fatty acid oxidation, we examined gene expression of acyl CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1). Pterostilbene treatment, at concentrations that demonstrated over 75% cell viability (20 μM, 50 μM), significantly increased gene expression of ACO, CPT-1, and PPAR-α. Pterostilbene treatment (50 μM) also demonstrated potent activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), compared to AICAR (0.5 mM) or metformin (2 mM), consistent with upregulation in fatty acid oxidation gene expression. Since AMPK activators mimic the actions of insulin by repressing hepatic gluconeogenesis, we examined pterostilbene's effects on hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. Pterostilbene treatment significantly repressed dexamethasone-induced phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose6-phosphatase (G6Pase) gene expression, and decreased glucose production in H4IIE cells. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that pterostilbene, a natural compound and PPAR-α agonist, modulate several AMPK-dependent metabolic functions. The results of the present study suggest that pterostilbene may have beneficial effects in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes and related disorders. In this study, we found that pterostilbene activated AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and increased the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes, including acyl CoA oxidase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Boshell Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Agnes M Rimando
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh T Mathews
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Boshell Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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Abstract
Stilbenoids are a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds found in various plant species. They share a common backbone structure known as stilbene, but differ in the nature and position of substituents. Stilbenoids are classified as phytoalexins, which are antimicrobial compounds produced de novo in plants to protect against fungal infection and toxins. In this review, the biological effects of stilbenoids such as resveratrol, pterostilbene, gnetol and piceatannol are discussed. Stilbenoids exert various biological activities ranging from cardioprotection, neuroprotection, anti-diabetic properties, depigmentation, anti-inflammation, cancer prevention and treatment. The results presented cover a myriad of models, from cell culture to animal studies as well as clinical human trials. Although positive results were obtained in most cell culture and animal studies, further human studies are needed to substantiate beneficial effects of stilbenoids. Resveratrol remains the most widely studied stilbenoid. However, there is limited information regarding the potential of less common stilbenoids. Therefore, further research is warranted to evaluate the salutary effects of various stilbenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolanle C Akinwumi
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
| | - Kimberly-Ann M Bordun
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
| | - Hope D Anderson
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada.
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36
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Pan MH, Wu JC, Ho CT, Lai CS. Antiobesity molecular mechanisms of action: Resveratrol and pterostilbene. Biofactors 2018; 44:50-60. [PMID: 29315906 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a current global epidemic that has led to a marked increase in metabolic diseases. However, its treatment remains a challenge. Obesity is a multifactorial disease, which involves the dysfunction of neuropeptides, hormones, and inflammatory adipokines from the brain, gut, and adipose tissue. An understanding of the mechanisms and signal interactions in the crosstalk between organs and tissue in the coordination of whole-body energy metabolism would be helpful to provide therapeutic and putative approaches to the treatment and prevention of obesity and related complications. Resveratrol and pterostilbene are well-known stilbenes that provide various potential benefits to human health. In particular, their potential anti-obesity effects have been proven in numerous cell culture and animal studies. Both compounds act to regulate energy intake, adipocyte life cycle and function, white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, energy expenditure, and gut microbiota by targeting multiple molecules and signaling pathways as an intervention for obesity. Although the efficacy of both compounds in humans requires further investigation with respect to their oral bioavailability, promising scientific findings have highlighted their potential as candidates for the treatment of obesity and the improvement of obesity-related metabolic diseases. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(1):50-60, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsiung Pan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ching Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ching-Shu Lai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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37
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Gomez-Zorita S, Belles C, Briot A, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP, Carpéné C. Pterostilbene Inhibits Lipogenic Activity similar to Resveratrol or Caffeine but Differently Modulates Lipolysis in Adipocytes. Phytother Res 2017. [PMID: 28627722 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The anti-obesity effects of resveratrol shown in rodents are not transposed into an efficient therapy of human obesity. Consequently, the search for molecules mimicking or surpassing resveratrol actions is ongoing. The natural phenolic compound pterostilbene exhibits beneficial health effects and has the capacity to limit fat mass in animal models. In this study, we tested whether pterostilbene modulates triacylglycerol accumulation/breakdown. Prolonged exposure to pterostilbene or resveratrol inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Acute effects on lipolysis, antilipolysis and lipogenesis were determined for pterostilbene in mouse adipocytes, and compared with resveratrol. Pterostilbene was also tested on glycerol release and glucose uptake in subcutaneous human adipocytes. Dose-response analyses did not reveal a clear lipolytic effect in both species. The antilipolytic effect of insulin was improved by pterostilbene at 1-10 μM in mouse fat cells only, while at 1 mM, the phenolic compound was antilipolytic in human fat cells in a manner not additive to insulin. Pterostilbene dose-dependently inhibited glucose incorporation into lipids similarly to resveratrol and caffeine. However, only the former did not inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Indeed, pterostilbene abolished the insulin lipogenic effect without inhibiting its antilipolytic action and rapid activation of glucose uptake. Pterostilbene therefore exhibits a unique panel of direct interactions with adipocytes that relies on its reported anti-obesity and antidiabetic properties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gomez-Zorita
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Chloé Belles
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,DIVA expertise, Centre Pierre Potier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anaïs Briot
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Maria P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Christian Carpéné
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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38
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Pterostilbene ameliorates insulin sensitivity, glycemic control and oxidative stress in fructose-fed diabetic rats. Life Sci 2017. [PMID: 28629731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present investigation was designed to explore the effectiveness of pterostilbene (PT) on insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in fructose-fed insulin resistant rats. MAIN METHODS Age-matched, male Sprague-Dawley rats (330±30g body weight) were allocated into five groups (n=10). Control (C) group received 65% cornstarch, and the diabetic (D) group received 65% fructose for eight weeks. The third group (D+PT20) received 65% fructose and PT 20mg/kg/day for eight weeks. The fourth group (D+PT40) received 65% fructose and PT 40mg/kg/day for eight weeks. The fifth group (D+M) received 65% fructose and metformin (M) 100mg/kg/day for eight weeks. PT was dissolved in 10% β-cyclodextrin and given orally to rats. Several biochemical parameters were determined to assess the PT efficacy against insulin resistance, metabolic complications, and hepatic oxidative stress. KEY FINDINGS Significantly high HOMA-IR (p<0.001) values in D group compared to C group indicate the presence of insulin resistance. Significantly high levels of TBARS (p<0.001) and decreased levels of SOD (p<0.001) and GSH (p<0.001) in hepatic tissues of D group indicate oxidative stress associated with insulin resistance. Pterostilbene treatment to fructose-fed diabetic rats significantly decreased HOMA-IR (p<0.001) values. Furthermore, PT treatment significantly decreased hepatic TBARS (p<0.001) and increased SOD (p<0.001) and GSH (p<0.001) levels in fructose-fed diabetic rats. SIGNIFICANCE Current study reveals that PT is successful in ameliorating glycemic control, insulin sensitivity while diminishing metabolic disturbances and hepatic oxidative stress in a fructose-induced T2DM rat model.
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39
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Nagao K, Jinnouchi T, Kai S, Yanagita T. Pterostilbene, a dimethylated analog of resveratrol, promotes energy metabolism in obese rats. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 43:151-155. [PMID: 28319852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxystilbene) is a dimethylated analog of resveratrol and has been reported to exert various pharmacological effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pterostilbene on the pathogenesis of obesity and energy metabolism in obese rats. Pterostilbene significantly activates silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in vitro. At 4 weeks a 0.5% pterostilbene diet markedly suppressed the abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) accumulation in obese rats. The oxygen consumption and energy expenditure were significantly higher in the pterostilbene group, and pterostilbene increased the fat metabolism rather than the carbohydrate metabolism in obese rats. The mRNA level of uncoupling protein, a thermogenic regulator, was increased and the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase and leptin, which are involved in lipogenesis and fat storage, were markedly decreased in WAT after the pterostilbene feeding. These results suggest that pterostilbene prevents WAT accumulation through the enhancement of energy metabolism and partly the suppression of lipogenesis in obese OLETF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nagao
- Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan; The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Jinnouchi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kai
- Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Teruyoshi Yanagita
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nishikyushu University, Kanzaki 842-8585, Japan
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Wang C, Zhi S, Liu C, Xu F, Zhao A, Wang X, Ren Y, Li Z, Yu M. Characterization of Stilbene Synthase Genes in Mulberry (Morus atropurpurea) and Metabolic Engineering for the Production of Resveratrol in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:1659-1668. [PMID: 28168876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes have been recognized for their beneficial physiological effects on human health. Stilbene synthase (STS) is the key enzyme of resveratrol biosynthesis and has been studied in numerous plants. Here, four MaSTS genes were isolated and identified in mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.). The expression levels of MaSTS genes and the accumulation of trans-resveratrol, trans-oxyresveratrol, and trans-mulberroside A were investigated in different plant organs. A novel coexpression system that harbored 4-coumarate:CoA ligase gene (Ma4CL) and MaSTS was established. Stress tests suggested that MaSTS genes participate in responses to salicylic acid, abscisic acid, wounding, and NaCl stresses. Additionally, overexpressed MaSTS in transgenic tobacco elevated the trans-resveratrol level and increased tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. These results revealed the major MaSTS gene, and we evaluated its function in mulberry, laying the foundation for future research on stilbene metabolic pathways in mulberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuang Zhi
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Changying Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Fengxiang Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Aichun Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiling Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yanhong Ren
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhengang Li
- The Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, China
| | - Maode Yu
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400716, China
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41
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Azzolini M, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Fanin M, Chiodarelli G, Romio M, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Biasutto L. New natural amino acid-bearing prodrugs boost pterostilbene's oral pharmacokinetic and distribution profile. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 115:149-158. [PMID: 28254379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biomedical effects of the natural phenol pterostilbene are of great interest but its bioavailability is negatively affected by the phenolic group in position 4' which is an ideal target for the conjugative enzymes of phase II metabolism. We report the synthesis and characterization of prodrugs in which the hydroxyl moiety is reversibly protected as a carbamate ester linked to the N-terminus of a natural amino acid. Prodrugs comprising amino acids with hydrophobic side chains were readily absorbed after intragastric administration to rats. The Area Under the Curve for pterostilbene in blood was optimal when prodrugs with isoleucine or β-alanine were used. The prodrug incorporating isoleucine was used for further studies to map distribution into major organs. When compared to pterostilbene itself, administration of the isoleucine prodrug afforded increased absorption, reduced metabolism and higher concentrations of pterostilbene, sustained for several hours, in most of the organs examined. Experiments using Caco-2 cells as an in vitro model for human intestinal absorption suggest that the prodrug could have promising absorption profiles also in humans; its uptake is partly due to passive diffusion, and partly mediated by H+-dependent transporters expressed on the apical membrane of enterocytes, such as PepT1 and OATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Azzolini
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Fanin
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Chiodarelli
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Romio
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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42
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Aguirre L, Milton-Laskibar I, Hijona E, Bujanda L, Rimando AM, Portillo MP. Effects of pterostilbene in brown adipose tissue from obese rats. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:457-464. [PMID: 28243863 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been paid by the scientific community to phenolic compounds as active biomolecules naturally present in foods. Pterostilbene is a resveratrol dimethylether derivative which shows higher bioavailability. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of pterostilbene on brown adipose tissue thermogenic markers in a model of genetic obesity, which shows reduced thermogenesis. The experiment was conducted with 30 Zucker (fa/fa) rats that were distributed in three experimental groups: control and two groups orally administered with pterostilbene at 15 and 30 mg/kg body weight/day for 6 weeks. Gene expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1 α (Pgc-1α), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b (Cpt1b), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (Pparα), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nfr1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2); protein expression of PPARα, PGC-1α, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), UCP1 and glucose transporter (GLUT4); and enzyme activity of CPT 1b and citrate synthase (CS) were assessed in interscapular brown adipose tissue. With the exception of Pgc-1α expression, all these parameters were significantly increased by pterostilbene administration. These results show for the first time that pterostilbene increases thermogenic and oxidative capacity of brown adipose tissue in obese rats. Whether these effects effectively contribute to the antiobesity properties of these compound needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.,CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.,CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agnes M Rimando
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University, MS, USA
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain. .,CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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43
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Nirwane A, Majumdar A. Resveratrol and pterostilbene attenuated smokeless tobacco induced cardiovascular aberrations in estrogen deficient female rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1604-1618. [PMID: 30090461 PMCID: PMC6062250 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of resveratrol (RSV) and pterostilbene (PT) on the aqueous extract of smokeless tobacco (AEST) induced cardiovascular aberrations in estrogen deficient female Sprague-Dawley rats. Exposure to 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) (80 mg kg-1, i.p.) for 30 days induces estrogen deficiency. The rats were administered AEST alone or AEST along with resveratrol and/or pterostilbene. Several markers of cardiovascular health were estimated to evaluate the repercussion of the exposures. RSV and PT per se and in combination significantly reversed the derangements caused by AEST. RSV decreased the atherogenic index and systolic blood pressure and normalized ECG. RSV and PT treatment markedly decreased aortic collagen, cardiac-carbonylated proteins, serum creatine-kinase, cholesterol, LDH, LDL, VLDL, CRP and TNF-α levels. Conversely, they increased serum nitrate-nitrite and HDL levels. The drugs improved the gene expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, PPAR-α, TFAM, NRF-1 and mtDNA in the cardiac tissue. However, the expression of SIRT1 was not modified by PT. These favorable effects were comparable to those of estradiol therapy. Histopathological outcomes also corroborated these benefits. Thus, resveratrol and pterostilbene abrogated the deleterious effects of AEST on cardiovascular parameters in estrogen deficient female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nirwane
- Department of Pharmacology , Bombay College of Pharmacy , Kalina , Santacruz (East) , Mumbai 400098 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 26670871
| | - A Majumdar
- Department of Pharmacology , Bombay College of Pharmacy , Kalina , Santacruz (East) , Mumbai 400098 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 26670871
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44
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Biological actions and molecular effects of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3'-hydroxypterostilbene. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:134-147. [PMID: 28911531 PMCID: PMC9333438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stilbenes are a class of polyphenolic compounds, naturally found in a wide variety of dietary sources such as grapes, berries, peanuts, red wine, and some medicinal plants. There are several well-known stilbenes including trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene. The core chemical structure of stilbene compounds is 1,2-diphenylethylene. Recently, stilbenes have attracted extensive attention and interest due to their wide range of health-beneficial effects such as anti-inflammation, -carcinogenic, -diabetes, and -dyslipidemia activities. Moreover, accumulating in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that stilbene compounds act as inducers of multiple cell-death pathways such as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents in several types of cancer cells. The aim of this review is to highlight recent molecular findings and biological actions of trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene.
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45
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Etxeberria U, Hijona E, Aguirre L, Milagro FI, Bujanda L, Rimando AM, Martínez JA, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene-induced changes in gut microbiota composition in relation to obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27377854 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Usune Etxeberria
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, and Centre for Nutrition Research University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); San Sebastián Spain
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Leixuri Aguirre
- CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre; Vitoria Spain
| | - Fermin I. Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, and Centre for Nutrition Research University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); San Sebastián Spain
- CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Pathologies (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Agnes M. Rimando
- United States Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, University; MS USA
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, and Centre for Nutrition Research University of Navarra; Pamplona Spain
- CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- CIBER Obesity and Physiopathology of Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre; Vitoria Spain
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46
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Kosuru R, Rai U, Prakash S, Singh A, Singh S. Promising therapeutic potential of pterostilbene and its mechanistic insight based on preclinical evidence. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:229-243. [PMID: 27475678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PS) is a well-recognized antioxidant that primarily exists in blueberries, grapevines and heartwood of red sandalwood. Interest in this compound has been renewed in recent years, and studies have found that PS possesses an array of pharmacological properties, including chemopreventive, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, antiatherosclerotic and neuroprotective effects. However, the greater in vivo bioavailability of PS, as compared to resveratrol, is an added advantage for its efficacy. This review provides a summary regarding the sources, pharmacokinetic aspects and pharmacodynamics of PS, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying its protective effects against cancer, brain injuries and heart disease. Studies regarding the safety profile of PS have also been included. Based on the presently available evidence, we conclude that PS represents an active phytonutrient and a potential drug with pleiotropic health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramoji Kosuru
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Uddipak Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Prakash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishank Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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47
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Nirwane A, Majumdar A. Resveratrol and pterostilbene ameliorate the metabolic derangements associated with smokeless tobacco in estrogen deficient female rats. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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48
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Brown L, Poudyal H, Panchal SK. Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome. Obes Rev 2015; 16:914-41. [PMID: 26345360 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity as part of metabolic syndrome is a major lifestyle disorder throughout the world. Current drug treatments for obesity produce small and usually unsustainable decreases in body weight with the risk of major adverse effects. Surgery has been the only treatment producing successful long-term weight loss. As a different but complementary approach, lifestyle modification including the use of functional foods could produce a reliable decrease in obesity with decreased comorbidities. Functional foods may include fruits such as berries, vegetables, fibre-enriched grains and beverages such as tea and coffee. Although health improvements continue to be reported for these functional foods in rodent studies, further evidence showing the translation of these results into humans is required. Thus, the concept that these fruits and vegetables will act as functional foods in humans to reduce obesity and thereby improve health remains intuitive and possible rather than proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brown
- Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.,School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - H Poudyal
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, The Hakubi Centre for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S K Panchal
- Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
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Gómez-Zorita S, Fernández-Quintela A, Aguirre L, Macarulla MT, Rimando AM, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene improves glycaemic control in rats fed an obesogenic diet: involvement of skeletal muscle and liver. Food Funct 2015; 6:1968-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00151j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to determine whether pterostilbene improved glycaemic control in rats showing insulin resistance induced by an obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria
- Spain
| | - A. Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria
- Spain
| | - L. Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria
- Spain
| | - M. T. Macarulla
- Nutrition and Obesity Group
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria
- Spain
| | - A. M. Rimando
- United States Department of Agriculture
- Agricultural Research Service
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit
- University
- USA
| | - M. P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Vitoria
- Spain
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