1
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Nambu H, Amano R, Tamura T, Yakura T. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective Intramolecular Insertion of Aryldiazoacetates into Unactivated Primary C−H Bond: A Direct Route to 2‐Unsubstituted Indanes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Nambu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toyama Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Ryoya Amano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toyama Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Takafumi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toyama Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Takayuki Yakura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toyama Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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2
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Kumar A, Nandi S, Saxena AK. Antidepressant Drug Design on TCAs and Phenoxyphenylpropylamines utilizing QSAR and Pharmacophore Modeling. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 25:451-461. [PMID: 32875980 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200901104222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness caused by the imbalance of important neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE). It is a serious neurological disorder that could be treated by antidepressant drugs. OBJECTIVE There are two major classes such as TCAs and phenoxyphenylpropylamines which have been proven to be broad-spectrum antidepressant compounds. Several attempts were made to design, synthesize and discover potent antidepressant compounds having the least toxicity and most selectivity towards serotonin and norepinephrine transporters. But there is hardly any drug design based on quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and pharmacophore modeling attempted yet. METHOD In the present study, many TCAs (dibenzoazepine) and phenoxyphenylpropylamine derivatives are taken into consideration for pharmacophore feature generation followed by pharmacophoric distant related descriptors based QSAR modeling. Further, several five new congeners have been designed which are subjected to the prediction of biological activities in terms of serotonin receptor affinity utilizing validated QSAR models developed by us. RESULTS An important pharmacophoric feature point C followed by the generation of a topography of the TCAs and phenoxyphenylpropylamine has been predicted. The developed pharmacophoric feature-based QSAR can explain 64.2% of the variances of 5-HT receptor antagonism. The best training model has been statistically validated by the prediction of test set compounds. This training model has been used for the prediction of some newly designed congeneric compounds which are comparable with the existed drugs. CONCLUSION The newly designed compounds may be proposed for further synthesis and biological screening as antidepressant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119. India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University, Uttarakhand. India
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow. India
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3
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Shah UH, Gaitonde SA, Moreno JL, Glennon RA, Dukat M, González-Maeso J. Revised Pharmacophore Model for 5-HT 2A Receptor Antagonists Derived from the Atypical Antipsychotic Agent Risperidone. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2318-2331. [PMID: 30609893 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacophore models for 5-HT2A receptor antagonists consist of two aromatic/hydrophobic regions at a given distance from a basic amine. We have previously shown that both aromatic/hydrophobic moieties are unnecessary for binding or antagonist action. Here, we deconstructed the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist/serotonin-dopamine antipsychotic agent risperidone into smaller structural segments that were tested for 5-HT2A receptor affinity and function. We show, again, that the entire risperidone structure is unnecessary for retention of affinity or antagonist action. Replacement of the 6-fluoro-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benz[ d]isoxazole moiety by isosteric tryptamines resulted in retention of affinity and antagonist action. Additionally, 3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benz[ d]isoxazole (10), which represents less than half the structural features of risperidone, retains both affinity and antagonist actions. 5-HT2A receptor homology modeling/docking studies suggest that 10 binds in a manner similar to risperidone and that there is a large cavity to accept various N4-substituted analogues of 10 such as risperidone and related agents. Alterations of this "extended" moiety improve receptor binding and functional potency. We propose a new risperidone-based pharmacophore for 5-HT2A receptor antagonist action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urjita H. Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Supriya A. Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - José L. Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Richard A. Glennon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Małgorzata Dukat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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4
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Wu B, Yang Z, Zhang H, Wang L, Cui X. Synthesis of polysubstituted 3-aminoindenes via rhodium-catalysed [3+2] cascade annulations of benzimidates with alkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4190-4193. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00567f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel Rh-catalysed intermolecular [3+2] cascade cyclization of benzimidates and alkenes has been developed to assemble polysubstituted 3-aminoindenes, which exhibits good functional-group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs
- School of Biomedical Sciences
- Huaqiao University
| | - Zi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs
- School of Biomedical Sciences
- Huaqiao University
| | - Hong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs
- School of Biomedical Sciences
- Huaqiao University
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs
- School of Biomedical Sciences
- Huaqiao University
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs
- School of Biomedical Sciences
- Huaqiao University
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5
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Younkin J, Gaitonde SA, Ellaithy A, Vekariya R, Baki L, Moreno JL, Shah S, Drossopoulos P, Hideshima KS, Eltit JM, González-Maeso J, Logothetis DE, Dukat M, Glennon RA. Reformulating a Pharmacophore for 5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Antagonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1292-9. [PMID: 27385190 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several pharmacophore models have been proposed for 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonists. These typically consist of two aromatic/hydrophobic moieties separated by a given distance from each other, and from a basic amine. Although specified distances might vary, the models are relatively similar in their general construction. Because our preliminary data indicated that two aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties might not be required for such action, we deconstructed the serotonin-dopamine antipsychotic agent risperidone (1) into four smaller structural fragments that were thoroughly examined in 5-HT2A receptor binding and functional (i.e., two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) and intracellular calcium release) assays. It was apparent that truncated risperidone analogues behaved as antagonists. In particular, 6-fluoro-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)benzisoxazole (4) displayed high affinity for 5-HT2A receptors (Ki of ca. 12 nM) relative to risperidone (Ki of ca. 5 nM) and behaved as a potent 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonist. These results suggest that multiple aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties are not essential for high-affinity 5-HT2A receptor binding and antagonist activity and that current pharmacophore models for such agents are very much in need of revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Supriya A. Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Amr Ellaithy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Rakesh Vekariya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Lia Baki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - José L. Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Sneha Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Peter Drossopoulos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Kelsey S. Hideshima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Jose Miguel Eltit
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Malgorzata Dukat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Richard A. Glennon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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6
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Yue G, Lei K, Hirao H, Zhou JS. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Heck Reaction of Aryl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6531-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Yue G, Lei K, Hirao H, Zhou JS. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Heck Reaction of Aryl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Yamada N, Araki H, Yoshimura H. Identification of antidepressant-like ingredients in ginseng root (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) using a menopausal depressive-like state in female mice: participation of 5-HT2A receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 216:589-99. [PMID: 21424694 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE After reports of adverse effects with hormone replacement therapy, such as reproductive and breast cancer and coronary heart disease, much attention has been given to the development of new remedies to alleviate menopausal depression in women, but methods for their preclinical evaluation have not been clarified. We previously developed a procedure to predict the drug effect on the menopausal depressive-like state in female mice. OBJECTIVES We attempted to identify psychoactive components from ginseng root, one of the earliest known materials for menopausal disorder, and to clarify the possible mechanism involved. METHODS As an index of a depressive-like state, we used the prolongation of immobility time induced by an ovariectomy during the forced swimming test. Chronic treatment with the candidate substance began the day after ovariectomy and continued for 14 days. To examine whether the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ritanserin antagonized the antidepressant-like effect of ginsenoside Rb(1), ritanserin was given as pretreatment 15 min before the daily administration of ginsenoside Rb(1) and the antagonistic effect was compared with ginsenoside Rb(1) alone. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rb(1) and compound K were active ingredients that dose-dependently prevented the prolongation of immobility time induced by ovariectomy. Co-administration of ritanserin, a 5-HT(2A)-receptor antagonist, antagonized the effect of ginsenoside Rb(1). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that ginsenoside Rb(1) and its metabolite, compound K, are antidepressant-like components of the ginseng root, and that 5-HT(2A) receptors may play an important role in mediating the antidepressant-like effect of ginsenoside Rb(1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamada
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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9
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Sunil Kumar IV, Anjaneyulu GSR, Hima Bindu V. Identification and synthesis of impurities formed during sertindole preparation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:29-33. [PMID: 21286391 PMCID: PMC3028988 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertindole (1), an atypical anti-psychotic drug is used for the treatment of schizophrenia. During the laboratory optimization and later during its bulk synthesis the formation of various impurities was observed. The impurities formed were monitored and their structures were tentatively assigned on the basis of their fragmentation patterns in LC-MS. Most of the impurities were synthesized and their assigned constitutions confirmed by co-injection in HPLC. We describe herein the formation, synthesis and characterization of these impurities. Our study will be of immense help to others to obtain chemically pure sertindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Sunil Kumar
- Research and Development Centre, Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
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10
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Kristensen JL, Püschl A, Jensen M, Risgaard R, Christoffersen CT, Bang-Andersen B, Balle T. Exploring the Neuroleptic Substituent in Octoclothepin: Potential Ligands for Positron Emission Tomography with Subnanomolar Affinity for α1-Adrenoceptors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7021-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100652h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesper L. Kristensen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Jensen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medicinal Chemistry Research
| | - Rune Risgaard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medicinal Chemistry Research
| | | | | | - Thomas Balle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Kramer V, Herth MM, Santini MA, Palner M, Knudsen GM, Rösch F. Research Letter: Structural Combination of Established 5-HT2A Receptor Ligands: New Aspects of the Binding Mode. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 76:361-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.01011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Synthesis and in vitro affinities of various MDL 100907 derivatives as potential 18F-radioligands for 5-HT2A receptor imaging with PET. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2989-3002. [PMID: 19329329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabelled piperidine derivatives such as [(11)C]MDL 100907 and [(18)F]altanserin have played an important role in diagnosing malfunction in the serotonergic neurotransmission. A variety of novel piperidine MDL 100907 derivatives, possible to label with (18)F-fluorine, were synthesized to improve molecular imaging properties of [(11)C]MDL 100907. Their in vitro affinities to a broad spectrum of neuroreceptors and their lipophilicities were determined and compared to the clinically used reference compounds MDL 100907 and altanserin. The novel compounds MA-1 (53) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) show K(i)-values in the nanomolar range towards the 5-HT(2A) receptor and insignificant binding to other 5-HT receptor subtypes or receptors. Interestingly, compounds MA-1 (53), MH.MZ (55) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) provide a receptor selectivity profile similar to MDL 100907. These compounds could possibly be preferable antagonistic (18)F-tracers for visualization of the 5-HT(2A) receptor status. Medium affine compounds (VK-1 (32), (51), (52), (54)) were synthesized and have K(i) values between 30 and 120 nM. All promising compounds show logP values between 2 and 3, that is, within the range of those for the established radiotracers altanserin and MDL 100907. The novel compounds MA-1 (53) and (R)-MH.MZ (56) thus appear to be promising high affine and selective tracers of (18)F-labelled analogues for 5-HT(2A) imaging with PET.
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13
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Cai MY, Li Z, Huang Q, Song G. {[1-(Arylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl]oxy}-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridines: ketanserin analogues with insect growth regulating activity. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:1844-55. [PMID: 18816514 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of {[1-(arylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl]oxy}-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized on the basis of the ketanserin (1) framework, a prototypic mammalian 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) was also discussed. The result of the bioassay showed that most of the title compounds inhibited the insect growth and exhibited moderate-to-good growth regulating activity against the armyworm Pseudaletia separata Walker. Furthermore, the SAR study revealed that, when the determinant feature, interacting with mammalian 5-HT(2A) receptor, was preserved, a simplified ArCH(2) group greatly contributed to insect growth inhibitory activities. It was also found that the substituted position of the CF(3) group at the pyridine ring played a key role, and that the introduction of 1-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazine, an equivalent of the benzoylpiperidine moiety of ketanserin, resulted in bioactivities similar to those of the title compounds, which were in agreement with the model of ketanserin analogues binding to mammalian 5-HT(2) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
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14
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Zefirova ON, Zefirov NS. Physiologically active compounds interacting with serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2001v070n04abeh000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Hashimoto S, Natori Y, Anada M, Nakamura S, Nambu H. Enantioselective Synthesis of 3-Arylindan-1-ones via Intramolecular C-H Insertion Reactions of α-Diazo-β-Ketoesters Catalyzed by Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxylates. HETEROCYCLES 2006. [DOI: 10.3987/com-06-s(w)58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Balle T, Andersen K, Søby KK, Liljefors T. Alpha(1) adrenoceptor subtype selectivity. 3D-QSAR models for a new class of alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists derived from the novel antipsychotic sertindole. J Mol Graph Model 2003; 21:523-34. [PMID: 12676239 DOI: 10.1016/s1093-3263(03)00120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-binding affinities for the alpha(1) adrenoceptor subtypes alpha(1a), alpha(1b) and alpha(1d) for a series of 39 alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists derived from the antipsychotic sertindole are reported. The SAR of the compounds with respect to affinity for the alpha(1a), alpha(1b) and alpha(1d) adrenoceptor subtypes as well as affinity obtained by an alpha(1) assay (rat brain membranes) were investigated using a 3D-QSAR approach based on the GRID/GOLPE methodology. Good statistics (r(2)=0.91-0.96; q(2)=0.65-0.73) were obtained with the combination of the water (OH2) and methyl (C3) probes. The combination of steric repulsion and electrostatic attractions explain the affinities of the included molecules. The adrenergic alpha(1a) receptor seems to be more tolerant to large substituents in the area between the indole 5- and 6-positions compared to the adrenergic alpha(1b) and alpha(1d) receptor subtypes. There seems to be minor differences in the position of areas in the alpha(1b) receptor compared to alpha(1a) and alpha(1d) receptors where electrostatic interaction between the molecules and the receptor (OH2 probe) contribute to increased affinity. These observations may be used in the design of new subtype selective compounds. In addition, the model based on biological data from an alpha(1) assay (rat brain membranes) resembles the model for the alpha(1b) adrenoceptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Balle
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, H Lundbeck A/S, 9 Ottiliavej, 2500 Valby, Denmark
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17
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Pearlstein RA, Vaz RJ, Kang J, Chen XL, Preobrazhenskaya M, Shchekotikhin AE, Korolev AM, Lysenkova LN, Miroshnikova OV, Hendrix J, Rampe D. Characterization of HERG potassium channel inhibition using CoMSiA 3D QSAR and homology modeling approaches. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:1829-35. [PMID: 12729675 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A data set consisting of twenty-two sertindole analogues and ten structurally diverse inhibitors, spanning a wide range in potency, was analyzed using CoMSiA. A homology model of HERG was constructed from the crystal structure of the open MthK potassium channel. A complementary relationship between our CoMSiA and homology models is apparent when the long inhibitor axis is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pore, with the tail region pointed toward the selectivity filter. The key elements of the pharmacophore, the CoMSiA and the homology model are: (1) The hydrophobic feature optimally consists of an aromatic group that is capable of engaging in pi-stacking with a Phe656 side chain. Optionally, a second aromatic or hydrophobic group present in some inhibitors may contact an additional Phe656 side chain. (2) The basic nitrogen appears to undergo a pi-cation interaction with Tyr652. (3) The pore diameter (12A+), and depth of the selectivity loop relative to the intracellular opening, act as constraints on the conformation-dependent inhibitor dimensions.
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18
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Balle T, Perregaard J, Larsen AK, Ramirez MT, Krøjer Søby K, Liljefors T, Andersen K. Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-aminomethyl and 5-carbamoyl analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of selective alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:1065-78. [PMID: 12614894 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00459-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new class of selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists derived from the antipsychotic drug sertindole is described. The most potent and selective compound 1-(2-(4-[5-aminomethyl-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl)ethyl)-2-imidazolidinone (11) binds with 0.50 nM affinity for alpha(1) adrenergic receptors and with more than 44 times lower affinity for dopamine D(2),D(3), D(4) and serotonin 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptors. The molecular features providing high affinity for adrenergic alpha(1) receptors and high selectivity towards dopamine D(2) and serotonin 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Balle
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, H. Lundbeck A/S, 9 Ottiliavej, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
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19
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Balle T, Perregaard J, Ramirez MT, Larsen AK, Søby KK, Liljefors T, Andersen K. Synthesis and structure-affinity relationship investigations of 5-heteroaryl-substituted analogues of the antipsychotic sertindole. A new class of highly selective alpha(1) adrenoceptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2003; 46:265-83. [PMID: 12519065 DOI: 10.1021/jm020938y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new class of 5-heteroaryl-substituted 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1H-indoles as highly selective and potentially CNS-active alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists is described. The compounds are derived from the antipsychotic sertindole. The structure-affinity relationships of the 5-heteroaryl substituents, and the substituents on the piperidine nitrogen atom were optimized with respect to affinity for alpha 1 adrenoceptors and selectivity in respect to dopamine (D(1-4)) and serotonin (5-HT(1A-1B) and 5-HT(2A,2C)) receptors. The most selective compound obtained, 3-[4-[1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-1-piperidinyl]propionitrile (15c), has affinities of 0.99, 3.2, and 9.0 nM for the alpha(1a), alpha(1b), and alpha(1d) adrenoceptor subtypes, respectively, and a selectivity for adrenergic alpha(1a) receptors in respect to dopamine D2, D3, and D4 and serotonin 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) higher than 900, comparable to the selectivity of prazosin. In addition, the compound is more than 150-fold selective in respect to serotonin 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(1B) receptors. A new basic pharmacophore for alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists based on a previously reported pharmacophore model for dopamine D2 antagonist is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Balle
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, H. Lundbeck A/S, 9 Ottiliavej, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
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20
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Runyon SP, Peddi S, Savage JE, Roth BL, Glennon RA, Westkaemper RB. Geometry-affinity relationships of the selective serotonin receptor ligand 9-(aminomethyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene. J Med Chem 2002; 45:1656-64. [PMID: 11931619 DOI: 10.1021/jm010354g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the exception of its two aromatic rings and basic nitrogen atom, 9-(aminomethyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene (AMDA; 1) is remarkably devoid of the pharmacophore features usually associated with high-affinity receptor ligands such as the heteroatom hydrogen bonding features of the endogenous ligand serotonin. AMDA does contain a phenylethylamine skeleton within a tricyclic ring system, and the presence of the second aromatic group is necessary for optimal receptor affinity. The structural requirements for the binding of AMDA at 5-HT(2A) receptors were investigated with respect to the geometric relationship between the two aromatic rings. It appears that the geometry of the AMDA parent is in the optimal range for fold angle between aromatic moieties. Evaluation of conformationally constrained derivatives of AMDA suggests that a chain extended trans, gauche form is most likely responsible for high affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Runyon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
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21
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Runyon SP, Savage JE, Taroua M, Roth BL, Glennon RA, Westkaemper RB. Influence of chain length and N-alkylation on the selective serotonin receptor ligand 9-(aminomethyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:655-8. [PMID: 11266163 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor affinities of chain lengthened and N-alkylated analogues of the novel ligand 9-aminomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene (AMDA) and a structurally similar prototypical tricyclic amine imipramine suggests that the two agents bind to the receptor in different fashions. The demonstration that AMDA is highly selective for serotonin receptors (5-HT2A, K = 20nM; 5-HT2C, Ki=43nM) versus the dopamine D2 receptor (Ki>10,000nM), as well as the serotonin and norepinephrine transporters (Ki>10,000nM) further suggests that AMDA and the nonselective ligand imipramine interact with these target macromolecules in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Runyon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0540, USA
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22
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Westkaemper RB, Runyon SP, Savage JE, Roth BL, Glennon RA. Exploring the relationship between binding modes of 9-(aminomethyl)-9,10-dihydroanthracene and cyproheptadine analogues at the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:563-6. [PMID: 11229772 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor affinities of a parallel series of structural analogues of the novel ligand 9-aminomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene (AMDA) and a structurally similar prototypical tricyclic amine cyproheptadine suggests that the two agents bind to the receptor in different fashions. Examination of ligand-receptor model complexes supports the experimental data and suggests a potential origin for the differences in binding modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Westkaemper
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA.
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23
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Rowley M, Bristow LJ, Hutson PH. Current and novel approaches to the drug treatment of schizophrenia. J Med Chem 2001; 44:477-501. [PMID: 11170639 DOI: 10.1021/jm0002432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects
- Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology
- Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cholinergic Agonists/adverse effects
- Cholinergic Agonists/pharmacology
- Cholinergic Agonists/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dopamine Antagonists/adverse effects
- Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Dopamine Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/adverse effects
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A
- Receptors, AMPA/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D4
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Neurotensin/agonists
- Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects
- Schizophrenia/drug therapy
- Schizophrenia/etiology
- Schizophrenia/metabolism
- Serotonin Antagonists/adverse effects
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology
- Serotonin Antagonists/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rowley
- Merck Sharp and Dohme, The Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Eastwick Road, Harlow, Essex CM20 2QR, UK.
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24
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Borowski T, Król M, Broclawik E, Baranowski TC, Strekowski L, Mokrosz MJ. Application of similarity matrices and genetic neural networks in quantitative structure-activity relationships of 2- or 4-(4-Methylpiperazino)pyrimidines: 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2000; 43:1901-9. [PMID: 10821703 DOI: 10.1021/jm9911332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antagonists of the 5-HT(2A) receptor are being used to treat many psychiatric disorders. The present work focuses on a group of 27 antagonists possessing varying affinities toward the receptor. These are 26 title compounds and clozapine as a reference antagonist. The active conformers of the conformationally flexible ligands were proposed by using the active rigid analogue approach and performing similarity calculations. The calculations involved genetic neural network (GNN) computations deriving QSARs from similarity matrices (SM) with cross-validated correlation coefficients exceeding 0.92. The performance of neural networks with variety of architectures was studied. As the computations were performed for cations and neutral molecules separately, the relevance of the ligand charging is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Borowski
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Kraków, Ingardena 3, Poland
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25
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Mabic S, Rimoldi JM, Castagnoli N. Regioselective deuterium labeling of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1344(199705)39:5<409::aid-jlcr989>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Campiani G, Nacci V, Bechelli S, Ciani SM, Garofalo A, Fiorini I, Wikström H, de Boer P, Liao Y, Tepper PG, Cagnotto A, Mennini T. New antipsychotic agents with serotonin and dopamine antagonist properties based on a pyrrolo[2,1-b][1,3]benzothiazepine structure. J Med Chem 1998; 41:3763-72. [PMID: 9748351 DOI: 10.1021/jm9706832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of a synthetic approach to the novel pyrrolo[2, 1-b][1,3]benzothiazepine and its derivatives and their biological evaluation as potential antipsychotic drugs are described. In binding studies these compounds proved to be potent 5-HT2, D2, and D3 receptor ligands. The more potent benzothiazepine (+/-)-3b was resolved into its enantiomers by using HPLC techniques. In vitro testing confirmed that (-)-3b is a more potent D2 receptor ligand, maintaining high affinity for 5-HT2 receptors. In contrast, the (+)-3b enantiomer presents a 35 times higher affinity for 5-HT2 than for dopamine D2 receptors with a similar dopamine D1 receptor affinity to that of (-)-3b. Overall, (+)-3b shows an "atypical" neuroleptic binding profile, while (-)-3b has a more "classical" profile. Furthermore pharmacological and biochemical testing displayed that the novel benzothiazepine (+/-)-3b is able to increase the extracellular levels of dopamine in the rat striatum and causes a dose-related suppression of apomorphine-induced locomotor activity. At low doses (+/-)-3b does not induce catalepsy, showing atypical antipsychotic properties similar to those of olanzapine. These heterocyclic compouds represent new leads for the development of novel antipsychotic drugs with atypical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Campiani
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Universita' di Siena, Banchi di Sotto, 55, 53100 Siena, Italy
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27
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Claudi F, Scoccia L, Giorgioni G, Marucci G, Stefano AD, Gessi S, Siniscalchi A, Borea PA. Simplified analogues of ritanserin and their affinity at 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C serotonin receptors. Eur J Med Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(98)80029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Maryanoff BE, McComsey DF, Martin GE, Shank RP. Azepinoindole derivatives with high affinity for brain dopamine and serotonin receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:983-8. [PMID: 9871525 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized 20 and 21 as conformationally constrained analogues of the dopamine receptor antagonist SKF-83742, as well as analogues 6-9, 16, and 18-22. Although 20 and 21 were inactive, 7, 9, and 19 showed strong binding to D-1, D-2, S-2, and alpha-1 receptors, as well as antipsychotic activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Maryanoff
- R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, USA
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29
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30
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Claudi F, Giorgioni G, Scoccia L, Ciccocioppo R, Panocka I, Massi M. 3- [2- [4-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)piperidin- 1-yl]ethyl] -5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(3H)-quinazolinones: serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonists endowed with potent central action. Eur J Med Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(97)83291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Mokrosz MJ, Duszyńska B, Klodzińska A, Dereń-Wesolek A, Chojnacka-Wójcik E, Baranowski TC, Abdou IM, Redmore NP, Strekowski L. 4-(3-furyl)-2-(4-methylpiperazino)pyrimidines: Potent 5-HT2A receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Andersen K, Liljefors T, Hyttel J, Perregaard J. Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor, dopamine D2 receptor, and alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists. Conformationally flexible analogues of the atypical antipsychotic sertindole. J Med Chem 1996; 39:3723-38. [PMID: 8809161 DOI: 10.1021/jm960159f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Conformationally flexible analogues of the atypical antipsychotic sertindole (1-[2-[4-[5-chloro -1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-4-piperidinyl]ethyl]-2-imidazolidi non e) were synthesized. Replacement of the 4-piperidinyl ring in sertindole by a 2-(methylamino)ethoxy group or a 2-(methylamino)ethyl group (e.g. 1-[2-[2-[5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H -indol-3-yloxy]ethyl-methylamino]ethyl]-2-imidazolidinone and 1-[3-[[2-[5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-3-yl] -ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-2-imidazolidinone results in binding affinities for serotonin 5-HT2A and dopamine D2 receptors, as well as alpha 1 adrenoceptors, which are very similar to those of sertindole. (Methylamino)alkyl groups of other chain lengths, 3-(methylamino)propyloxy groups, and 2-(methylamino)ethylsulfanyl groups do not have such properties. The capability of the 2-(methylamino)ethoxy group and the 2-(methylamino)ethyl group to replace the 4-piperidinyl ring in sertindole is reflected in molecular modeling studies using recently published receptor-interaction models for 5-HT2 and D2 receptors. Structure-affinity investigations concerning the substituents in the indole nucleus and the 2-imidazolidinone ring system in the 2-(methylamino)ethoxy and the 2-(methylamino)ethyl analogues of sertindole have led to high affinity serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonists with selectivity versus dopamine D2 receptors and alpha 1 adrenoceptors (e.g. 1-[2-[[2-[6-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl) -1H-indol-3-yloxy]ethyl]methylamino]-ethyl]-2-imidazolidinone and 1-[3-[[2-[6-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl) -1H-indol-3-yl]ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-2-imidazolidinone). The latter derivative has also high selectivity for 5-HT2A receptors versus serotonin 5-HT2C receptors. Replacement of the basic amino group by nitrogen-containing six-membered rings has led to 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(4-methylpiperazinyl)-ethoxy]-1H-in dole, which has high affinity for dopamine D2, versus low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and alpha 1 adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Andersen
- Research Department, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
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33
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Kristiansen K, Dahl SG. Molecular modeling of serotonin, ketanserin, ritanserin and their 5-HT2C receptor interactions. Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 306:195-210. [PMID: 8813633 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(96)00180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular modeling techniques were used to build a three-dimensional model of the rat 5-HT2C receptor, which was used to examine receptor interactions for protonated forms of serotonin, ketanserin and ritanserin. Molecular dynamics simulations which were started with the fluoro benzene moiety of ketanserin and ritanserin oriented towards the cytoplasmic side of the receptor model, produced the strongest antagonist-receptor interactions. The fluoro bezene ring(s) of the antagonists interacted strongly with aromatic residues in the receptor model, which predicts slightly different orientations and ligand-receptor interactions of ketanserin and ritanserin at a putative binding site. The model suggests that Asn333 (transmembrane helix 6) is involved in a hydrogen-bonding interaction with ketanserin, but not with ritanserin. The model also also suggests that the position corresponding to Cys362 (transmembrane helix 7) may be an important determinant for specifying 5-HT2A receptor selectivity in ketanserin binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kristiansen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsö, Norway
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34
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Johannsen B, Scheunemann M, Spies H, Brust P, Wober J, Syhre R, Pietzsch HJ. Technetium(V) and rhenium(V) complexes for 5-HT2A serotonin receptor binding: structure-affinity considerations. Nucl Med Biol 1996; 23:429-38. [PMID: 8832697 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(96)00015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Starting from the lead structure of ketanserin, a prototypic serotonin (5-HT) antagonist, new oxotechnetium(V) and oxorhenium(V) complexes were synthesized that are able to compete with [3H]ketan-serin in receptor-binding assays. To imitate organic 5-HT2 receptor ligands, fragments of ketanserin were combined with chelate moieties. Neutral compounds of the general formula [MOL1L2] (M = Tc, Re; L1 = HS-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-SH, N-(2-mercaptophenyl)salicylideneimine, N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-salicylideneimine, 3-(2-([N,N-bis(2-mercapto-S-ethyl)]-amino)ethyl)-2,4-(1H, 3H)-quinazolinedione and L2 = HS-R with R = subst. alkyl) were prepared by common action of a Tc(V) or Re(V) precursor with a mixture of equimolar amounts of a tridentate ligand L1 and a monodentate thiolate L2 bearing fragments of the lead structure. Lipophilic complexes consisting of a small S4 thiolate/thioether chelate unit, protonable nitrogen-containing spacer, and simple benzyl moiety significantly inhibited the specific binding of [3H]ketan-serin with IC50 values between 10 and 50 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Johannsen
- Forschungszentrum Rossendorf E.V., Institut Für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie, Dresden, Germany
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35
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Mokrosz MJ, Strekowski L, Kozak WX, Duszyńska B, Bojarski AJ, Kłodzinska A, Czarny A, Cegła MT, Dereń-Wesoøek A, Chojnacka-Wójcik E. Structure-activity relationship studies of CNS agents, Part 25. 4,6-di(heteroaryl)-2-(N-methylpiperazino)pyrimidines as new, potent 5-HT2A receptor ligands: a verification of the topographic model. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1995; 328:659-66. [PMID: 7487423 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19953280906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 4,6-di(heteroaryl)pyrimidines containing an N-methylpiperazino group (6-13) or an ethylenediamine chain (15-20) in position 2 were synthesized and their 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor affinities were determined. It was shown that the substituent effects on the 5-HT2A affinity are additive and could be described quantitatively. In a behavioral model it was also demonstrated that 6-11 are 5-HT2A receptor antagonists. The molecular modelling results suggested that the distances between the basic nitrogen atom and the two aromatic centers (d1 = 5.2-8.4 A, d2 = 5.7-8.5 A, and d3 = 4.6-7.3 A) define the molecular topography of the 5-HT2A receptor antagonists under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Mokrosz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków
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