1
|
Das TK, Ghosh P, Ghosh S, Das S. Palladium-Catalyzed, Site-Selective C(sp 2)8-H Halogenation and Nitration of 4-Quinolone Derivatives. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11467-11479. [PMID: 39088747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Selective installation of halo and nitro groups in heterocyclic backbone through a transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond activation strategy is immensely alluring to access high-value scaffolds. Here in, we disclosed N-pyrimidyl-directed assisted palladium(II)-catalyzed C(sp2)8-H halogenation and nitration of substituted 4-quinolone derivatives in the presence of N-halosuccinimide and tert-butyl nitrite, respectively, offering structurally diversified 8-halo/nitro-embedded 4-quinolone frameworks in high yields. Mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction follows an organometallic pathway with a reversible C-H metalation step. This operationally simple protocol is scalable with a broad substrate scope and excellent functional group compatibility. Moreover, the postdiversifications of the synthesized derivatives are also showcased to ensure the synthetic versatility of the methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Kumar Das
- TCG Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd., BN-7, Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700091, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, India
| | - Prasanjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, India
| | - Shibaji Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, CSIR Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Sajal Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rakotoarivelo V, Mayer TZ, Simard M, Flamand N, Di Marzo V. The Impact of the CB 2 Cannabinoid Receptor in Inflammatory Diseases: An Update. Molecules 2024; 29:3381. [PMID: 39064959 PMCID: PMC11279428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of inflammatory diseases is a heavy burden on modern societies. Cannabis has been used for several millennia to treat inflammatory disorders such as rheumatism or gout. Since the characterization of cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, the potential of cannabinoid pharmacotherapy in inflammatory conditions has received great interest. Several studies have identified the importance of these receptors in immune cell migration and in the production of inflammatory mediators. As the presence of the CB2 receptor was documented to be more predominant in immune cells, several pharmacological agonists and antagonists have been designed to treat inflammation. To better define the potential of the CB2 receptor, three online databases, PubMed, Google Scholar and clinicaltrial.gov, were searched without language restriction. The full texts of articles presenting data on the endocannabinoid system, the CB2 receptor and its role in modulating inflammation in vitro, in animal models and in the context of clinical trials were reviewed. Finally, we discuss the clinical potential of the latest cannabinoid-based therapies in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volatiana Rakotoarivelo
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| | - Thomas Z. Mayer
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, and Centre NUTRISS, École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| | - Mélissa Simard
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire De Cardiologie Et De Pneumologie de Québec, Département of Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, and Centre NUTRISS, École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
- Joint International Unit between the CNR of Italy and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Research on the Microbiome and Its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu), Québec City, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Intranuovo F, Majellaro M, Mastropasqua F, Delre P, Abatematteo FS, Mangiatordi GF, Stefanachi A, Brea J, Loza MI, Riganti C, Ligresti A, Kumar P, Esposito D, Cristino L, Nicois A, González L, Perrone MG, Colabufo NA, Sotelo E, Abate C, Contino M. N-Adamantyl-1-alkyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide Derivatives as Fluorescent Probes to Detect Microglia Activation through the Imaging of Cannabinoid Receptor Subtype 2 (CB2R). J Med Chem 2024; 67:11003-11023. [PMID: 38937147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) is emerging as a pivotal biomarker to identify the first steps of inflammation-based diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. There is an urgent need to find specific probes that may result in green and safe alternatives to the commonly used radiative technologies, to deepen the knowledge of the CB2R pathways impacting the onset of the above-mentioned pathologies. Therefore, based on one of the CB2R pharmacophores, we developed a class of fluorescent N-adamantyl-1-alkyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide derivatives spanning from the green to the near-infrared (NIR) regions of the light spectrum. Among the synthesized fluorescent ligands, the green-emitting compound 55 exhibited a favorable binding profile (strong CB2R affinity and high selectivity). Notably, this ligand demonstrated versatility as its use was validated in different experimental settings such as flow cytometry saturation, competitive fluorescence assays, and in vitro microglia cells mimicking inflammation states where CB2R are overexpressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Intranuovo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Majellaro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago, Spain
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francesco Mastropasqua
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Serena Abatematteo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Josè Brea
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Innopharma Screening Platform, BioFarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Poulami Kumar
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Daniela Esposito
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Luigia Cristino
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Alessandro Nicois
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Lucía González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago, Spain
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago, Spain
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mugnaini C, Kostrzewa M, Casini M, Kumar P, Catallo V, Allarà M, Guastaferro L, Brizzi A, Paolino M, Tafi A, Kapatais C, Giorgi G, Vacondio F, Mor M, Corelli F, Ligresti A. Systematic Modification of the Substitution Pattern of the 7-Hydroxy-5-oxopyrazolo[4,3- b]pyridine-6-carboxamide Scaffold Enabled the Discovery of New Ligands with High Affinity and Selectivity for the Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor. Molecules 2023; 28:4958. [PMID: 37446625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective ligands of the CB2 receptor are receiving considerable attention due to their potential as therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases. Recently, 7-hydroxy-5-oxopyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide derivatives were shown to act at the CB2 receptor either as agonists or as inverse agonists/antagonists in vitro and to have anti-osteoarthritic activity in vivo. In this article, we report the synthesis, pharmacological profile, and molecular modeling of a series of twenty-three new 7-hydroxy-5-oxopyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamides with the aim of further developing this new class of selective CB2 ligands. In addition to these compounds, seven other analogs that had been previously synthesized were included in this study to better define the structure-activity relationship (SAR). Ten of the new compounds studied were found to be potent and selective ligands of the CB2 receptor, with Ki values ranging from 48.46 to 0.45 nM and CB1/CB2 selectivity indices (SI) ranging from >206 to >4739. In particular, compounds 54 and 55 were found to be high-affinity CB2 inverse agonists that were not active at all at the CB1 receptor, whereas 57 acted as an agonist. The functional activity profile of the compounds within this structural class depends mainly on the substitution pattern of the pyrazole ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Magdalena Kostrzewa
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marta Casini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Poulami Kumar
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Catallo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Laura Guastaferro
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Paolino
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Tafi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Christelos Kapatais
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu YR, Tang JQ, Zhang WN, Zhuang CL, Shi Y. Rational drug design of CB2 receptor ligands: from 2012 to 2021. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35242-35259. [PMID: 36540233 PMCID: PMC9730932 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05661e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors belong to the large family of G-protein-coupled receptors, which can be divided into two receptor types, cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor type-2 (CB2). Marinol, Cesamet and Sativex are marketed CB1 drugs which are still in use and work well, but the central nervous system side effects caused by activation CB1, which limited the development of CB1 ligands. So far, no selective CB2 ligand has been approved for marketing, but lots of its ligands in the clinical stage and pre-clinical stage have positive effects on the treatment of some disease models and have great potential for development. Most selective CB2 agonists are designed and synthesized based on non-selective CB2 agonists through the classical med-chem strategies, e.g. molecular hybridization, scaffold hopping, bioisosterism, etc. During these processes, the balance between selectivity, activity, and pharmacokinetic properties needs to be achieved. Hence, we summarized some reported ligands on the basis of the optimization strategies in recent 10 years, and the limitations and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ran Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University 1160 Shengli Street Yinchuan 750004 China
| | - Jia-Qin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University 1160 Shengli Street Yinchuan 750004 China
| | - Wan-Nian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University 1160 Shengli Street Yinchuan 750004 China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University 325 Guohe Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University 1160 Shengli Street Yinchuan 750004 China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University 325 Guohe Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ying Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University 1160 Shengli Street Yinchuan 750004 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alsayed SSR, Suri A, Bailey AW, Lane S, Werry EL, Huang CC, Yu LF, Kassiou M, Sredni ST, Gunosewoyo H. Synthesis and antitumour evaluation of indole-2-carboxamides against paediatric brain cancer cells. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1910-1925. [PMID: 34825187 PMCID: PMC8597418 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paediatric glioblastomas are rapidly growing, devastating brain neoplasms with an invasive phenotype. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are the current therapeutic adjuvant to surgical resection, are still associated with various toxicity profiles and only marginally improve the course of the disease and life expectancy. A considerable body of evidence supports the antitumour and apoptotic effects of certain cannabinoids, such as WIN55,212-2, against a wide spectrum of cancer cells, including gliomas. In fact, we previously highlighted the potent cytotoxic activity of the cannabinoid ligand 5 against glioblastoma KNS42 cells. Taken together, in this study, we designed, synthesised, and evaluated several indoles and indole bioisosteres for their antitumour activities. Compounds 8a, 8c, 8f, 12c, and 24d demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against the viability (IC50 = 2.34-9.06 μM) and proliferation (IC50 = 2.88-9.85 μM) of paediatric glioblastoma KNS42 cells. All five compounds further retained their antitumour activities against two atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (AT/RT) cell lines. When tested against a medulloblastoma DAOY cell line, only 8c, 8f, 12c, and 24d maintained their viability inhibitory activities. The viability assay against non-neoplastic human fibroblast HFF1 cells suggested that compounds 8a, 8c, 8f, and 12c act selectively towards the panel of paediatric brain tumour cells. In contrast, compound 24d and WIN55,212-2 were highly toxic toward HFF1 cells. Due to their structural resemblance to known cannabimimetics, the most potent compounds were tested in cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptor (CB1R and CB2R) functional assays. Compounds 8a, 8c, and 12c failed to activate or antagonise both CB1R and CB2R, whereas compounds 8f and 24d antagonised CB1R and CB2R, respectively. We also performed a transcriptional analysis on KNS42 cells treated with our prototype compound 8a and highlighted a set of seven genes that were significantly downregulated. The expression levels of these genes were previously shown to be positively correlated with tumour growth and progression, indicating their implication in the antitumour activity of 8a. Overall, the drug-like and selective antitumour profiles of indole-2-carboxamides 8a, 8c, 8f, and 12c substantiate the versatility of the indole scaffold in cancer drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahinda S R Alsayed
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Amreena Suri
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago IL 60611 USA
| | - Anders W Bailey
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago IL 60611 USA
| | - Samuel Lane
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Eryn L Werry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Chiang-Ching Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 53205 USA
| | - Li-Fang Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Simone Treiger Sredni
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago IL 60611 USA
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 USA
| | - Hendra Gunosewoyo
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University Bentley Perth WA 6102 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Faúndez-Parraguez M, Alarcón-Miranda C, Cho YH, Pessoa-Mahana H, Gallardo-Garrido C, Chung H, Faúndez M, Pessoa-Mahana D. New Pyridone-Based Derivatives as Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonists. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11212. [PMID: 34681877 PMCID: PMC8537746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) is known to mediate analgesic and anti-inflammatory processes without the central adverse effects related to cannabinoid receptor type I (CB1R). In this work we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a novel series of N-aryl-2-pyridone-3-carboxamide derivatives tested as human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) agonists. Different cycloalkanes linked to the N-aryl pyridone by an amide group displayed CB2R agonist activity as determined by intracellular [cAMP] levels. The most promising compound 8d exhibited a non-toxic profile and similar potency (EC50 = 112 nM) to endogenous agonists Anandamide (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) providing new information for the development of small molecules activating CB2R. Molecular docking studies showed a binding pose consistent with two structurally different agonists WIN-55212-2 and AM12033 and suggested structural requirements on the pyridone substituents that can satisfy the orthosteric pocket and induce an agonist response. Our results provide additional evidence to support the 2-pyridone ring as a suitable scaffold for the design of CB2R agonists and represent a starting point for further optimization and development of novel compounds for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Faúndez-Parraguez
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Carlos Alarcón-Miranda
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Young Hwa Cho
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Organic Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Carlos Gallardo-Garrido
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Hery Chung
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Mario Faúndez
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - David Pessoa-Mahana
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cabañero D, Martín-García E, Maldonado R. The CB2 cannabinoid receptor as a therapeutic target in the central nervous system. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:659-676. [PMID: 34424117 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1971196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeting CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2r) represents a promising approach for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. These receptors were identified in peripheral tissues, but also in neurons in the central nervous system. New findings have highlighted the interest to target these central receptors to obtain therapeutic effects devoid of the classical cannabinoid side-effects. AREAS COVERED In this review, we searched PubMed (January 1991-May 2021), ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library databases for articles, reviews and clinical trials. We first introduce the relevance of CB2r as a key component of the endocannabinoid system. We discuss CB2r interest as a possible novel target in the treatment of pain. This receptor has raised interest as a potential target for neurodegenerative disorders treatment, as we then discussed. Finally, we underline studies revealing a novel potential CB2r interest in mental disorders treatment. EXPERT OPINION In spite of the interest of targeting CB2r for pain, clinical trials evaluating CB2r agonist analgesic efficacy have currently failed. The preferential involvement of CB2r in preventing the development of chronic pain could influence the failure of clinical trials designed for the treatment of already established pain syndromes. Specific trials should be designed to target the prevention of chronic pain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Cabañero
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández. Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-García
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ferrisi R, Ceni C, Bertini S, Macchia M, Manera C, Gado F. Medicinal Chemistry approach, pharmacology and neuroprotective benefits of CB 2R modulators in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105607. [PMID: 34089867 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) has continued to receive attention as a key therapeutic target in neuroprotection. Indeed, several findings highlight the neuroprotective effects of CB2R through suppression of both neuronal excitability and reactive microglia. Additionally, CB2R seems to be a more promising target than cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) thanks to the lack of central side effects, its lower expression levels in the central nervous system (CNS), and its inducibility, since its expression enhances quickly in the brain following pathological conditions. This review aims to provide a thorough overview of the main natural and synthetic selective CB2R modulators, their chemical classification and their potential therapeutic usefulness in neuroprotection, a crucial aspect for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ferrisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Costanza Ceni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Simone Bertini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Francesca Gado
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Christie S, Zagorodnyuk V. CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist selectively inhibits the mechanosensitivity of mucosal afferents in the guinea pig bladder. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F859-F865. [PMID: 33749323 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00065.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder afferents play a pivotal role in bladder function such as urine storage and micturition as well as conscious sensations such as urgency and pain. Endocannabinoids are ligands of cannabinoid 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) receptors but can influence the activity of a variety of G protein-coupled receptors as well as ligand-gated and voltage-gated channels. It is still not known which classes of bladder afferents are influenced by CB1 and CB2 receptor agonists. This study aimed to determine the role of CB2 receptors in two major classes of afferents in the guinea pig bladder: mucosal and muscular-mucosal. The mechanosensitivity of these two classes was determined by an ex vivo extracellular electrophysiological recording technique. A stable analog of endocannabinoid anandamide, methanandamide (mAEA), potentiated the mechanosensitivity of mucosal bladder afferents in response to stroking. In the presence of a transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist (capsazepine), the effect of mAEA switched from excitatory to inhibitory. A selective CB2 receptor agonist, 4-quinolone-3-carboxyamide (4Q3C), significantly inhibited the mechanosensitivity of mucosal bladder afferents to stroking. In the presence of a CB2 receptor antagonist, the inhibitory effect of 4Q3C was lost. mAEA and 4Q3C did not affect responses to stretch and/or mucosal stroking of muscular-mucosal afferents. Our findings revealed that agonists of CB2 receptors selectively inhibited the mechanosensitivity of capsaicin-sensitive mucosal bladder afferents but not muscular-mucosal afferents. This may have important implications for understanding of the role of endocannabinoids in modulating bladder function and sensation in health and diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article describes, for the first time, to our knowledge, the direct inhibitory effect of cannabinoid 2 receptor agonists on guinea pig mucosal bladder afferents. The cannabinoid 2 receptor is involved in pain and inflammation, suggesting that this may be a viable target for treatment of bladder disorders such as cystitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Christie
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vladimir Zagorodnyuk
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hamilton AJ, Payne AD, Mocerino M, Gunosewoyo H. Imaging Cannabinoid Receptors: A Brief Collection of Covalent and Fluorescent Probes for CB1 and CB2 Receptors. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There has been an expanding public interest towards the notion that modulation of the sophisticated endocannabinoid system can lead to various therapeutic benefits that are yet to be fully explored. In recent years, the drug discovery paradigm in this field has been largely based on the development of selective CB2 receptor agonists, avoiding the unwanted CB1 receptor-mediated psychoactive side effects. Mechanistically, target engagement studies are crucial for confirming the ligand–receptor interaction and the subsequent biological cascades that lead to the observed therapeutic effects. Concurrently, imaging techniques for visualisation of cannabinoid receptors are increasingly reported in the literature. Small molecule imaging tools ranging from phytocannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) to the endocannabinoids as well as the purely synthetic cannabimimetics, have been explored to date with varying degrees of success. This Review will cover currently known photoactivatable, electrophilic, and fluorescent ligands for both the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Structural insights from techniques such as ligand-assisted protein structure (LAPS) and the discovery of novel allosteric modulators are significant additions for better understanding of the endocannabinoid system. There has also been a plethora of fluorescent conjugates that have been assessed for their binding to cannabinoid receptors as well as their potential for cellular imaging. More recently, bifunctional probes containing either fluorophores or electrophilic tags are becoming more prevalent in the literature. Collectively, these molecular tools are invaluable in demonstrating target engagement within the human endocannabinoid system.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mangiatordi GF, Intranuovo F, Delre P, Abatematteo FS, Abate C, Niso M, Creanza TM, Ancona N, Stefanachi A, Contino M. Cannabinoid Receptor Subtype 2 (CB2R) in a Multitarget Approach: Perspective of an Innovative Strategy in Cancer and Neurodegeneration. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14448-14469. [PMID: 33094613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) represents an interesting and new therapeutic target for its involvement in the first steps of neurodegeneration as well as in cancer onset and progression. Several studies, focused on different types of tumors, report a promising anticancer activity induced by CB2R agonists due to their ability to reduce inflammation and cell proliferation. Moreover, in neuroinflammation, the stimulation of CB2R, overexpressed in microglial cells, exerts beneficial effects in neurodegenerative disorders. With the aim to overcome current treatment limitations, new drugs can be developed by specifically modulating, together with CB2R, other targets involved in such multifactorial disorders. Building on successful case studies of already developed multitarget strategies involving CB2R, in this Perspective we aim at prompting the scientific community to consider new promising target associations involving HDACs (histone deacetylases) and σ receptors by employing modern approaches based on molecular hybridization, computational polypharmacology, and machine learning algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Intranuovo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Delre
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Serena Abatematteo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Maria Creanza
- CNR-Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Ancona
- CNR-Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kumari S, Carmona AV, Tiwari AK, Trippier PC. Amide Bond Bioisosteres: Strategies, Synthesis, and Successes. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12290-12358. [PMID: 32686940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The amide functional group plays a key role in the composition of biomolecules, including many clinically approved drugs. Bioisosterism is widely employed in the rational modification of lead compounds, being used to increase potency, enhance selectivity, improve pharmacokinetic properties, eliminate toxicity, and acquire novel chemical space to secure intellectual property. The introduction of a bioisostere leads to structural changes in molecular size, shape, electronic distribution, polarity, pKa, dipole or polarizability, which can be either favorable or detrimental to biological activity. This approach has opened up new avenues in drug design and development resulting in more efficient drug candidates introduced onto the market as well as in the clinical pipeline. Herein, we review the strategic decisions in selecting an amide bioisostere (the why), synthetic routes to each (the how), and success stories of each bioisostere (the implementation) to provide a comprehensive overview of this important toolbox for medicinal chemists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Angelica V Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mugnaini C, Kostrzewa M, Bryk M, Mahmoud AM, Brizzi A, Lamponi S, Giorgi G, Ferlenghi F, Vacondio F, Maccioni P, Colombo G, Mor M, Starowicz K, Di Marzo V, Ligresti A, Corelli F. Design, Synthesis, and Physicochemical and Pharmacological Profiling of 7-Hydroxy-5-oxopyrazolo[4,3- b]pyridine-6-carboxamide Derivatives with Antiosteoarthritic Activity In Vivo. J Med Chem 2020; 63:7369-7391. [PMID: 32515588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hallmark of joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), is pain, originating from both inflammatory and neuropathic components, and compounds able to modulate the signal transduction pathways of the cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2R) can represent a helpful option in the treatment of OA. In this perspective, a set of 18 cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2R) ligands was developed based on an unprecedented structure. With the aim of improving the physicochemical properties of previously reported 4-hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamides, a structural optimization program led to the discovery of isosteric 7-hydroxy-5-oxopyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxamide derivatives. These new compounds are endowed with high affinity for the CB2R and moderate to good selectivity over the cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1R), associated with good physicochemical characteristics. As to the functional activity at the CB2R, compounds able to act either as agonists or as inverse agonists/antagonists were discovered. Among them, compound 51 emerged as a potent CB2R agonist able to reduce pain in rats carrying OA induced by injection of monoiodoacetic acid (MIA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Magdalena Kostrzewa
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marta Bryk
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ali Mokhtar Mahmoud
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferlenghi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Maccioni
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, S.S. 554, km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Colombo
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council of Italy, S.S. 554, km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Smetna 12, 31-343 Cracow, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Brizzi A, Aiello F, Boccella S, Cascio MG, De Petrocellis L, Frosini M, Gado F, Ligresti A, Luongo L, Marini P, Mugnaini C, Pessina F, Corelli F, Maione S, Manera C, Pertwee RG, Di Marzo V. Synthetic bioactive olivetol-related amides: The influence of the phenolic group in cannabinoid receptor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115513. [PMID: 32340793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Focusing on the importance of the free phenolic hydroxyl moiety, a family of 23 alkylresorcinol-based compounds were developed and evaluated for their cannabinoid receptor binding properties. The non-symmetrical hexylresorcinol derivative 29 turned out to be a CB2-selective competitive antagonist/inverse agonist endowed with good potency. Both the olivetol- and 5-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)resorcinol-based derivatives 23 and 24 exhibited a significant antinociceptive activity. Interestingly, compound 24 proved to be able to activate both cannabinoid and TRPV1 receptors. Even if cannabinoid receptor subtype selectivity remained a goal only partially achieved, results confirm the validity of the alkylresorcinol nucleus as skeleton for the identification of potent cannabinoid receptor modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Brizzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cascio
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Maria Frosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Gado
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pietro Marini
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Pessina
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e dello Sviluppo, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Clementina Manera
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roger G Pertwee
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB252ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mugnaini C, Sannio F, Brizzi A, Del Prete R, Simone T, Ferraro T, De Luca F, Corelli F, Docquier JD. Screen of Unfocused Libraries Identified Compounds with Direct or Synergistic Antibacterial Activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:899-905. [PMID: 32435403 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an increasingly important global public health issue, as major opportunistic pathogens are evolving toward multidrug- and pan-drug resistance phenotypes. New antibiotics are thus needed to maintain our ability to treat bacterial infections. According to the WHO, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter, Enterobactericaeae, and Pseudomonas are the most critical targets for the development of new antibacterial drugs. An automated phenotypic screen was implemented to screen 634 synthetic compounds obtained in-house for both their direct-acting and synergistic activity. Fourteen percent and 10% of the compounds showed growth inhibition against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. The most active direct-acting compounds showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including on some multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. In addition, 47 compounds were identified for their ability to potentiate the activity of other antibiotics. Compounds of three different scaffolds (2-quinolones, phenols, and pyrazoles) showed a strong potentiation of colistin, some being able to revert colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Filomena Sannio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Rosita Del Prete
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Simone
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Teresa Ferraro
- Lead Discovery Siena S.r.l., Via Vittorio Alfieri, 21, 53019 Castelnuovo Berardenga, Siena, Italy
| | - Filomena De Luca
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Denis Docquier
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim AR, Lim HN. One-pot copper-catalyzed three-component reaction: a modular approach to functionalized 2-quinolones. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7855-7866. [PMID: 35492152 PMCID: PMC9049946 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed three-component annulation for the synthesis of functionalized 2-quinolones was developed. Three reactions including an SN2, a Knoevenagel, and finally C–N bond formation are involved in the designed cascade reaction using 2-bromoacylarenes, 2-iodoacetamide, and nucleophiles as the three components. A new catalytic system was discovered during the study and this modular approach is highly efficient to access functionalized 2-quinolone derivatives, compatible with a broad range of functional groups, scalable, and step-economic. Further derivatization of the obtained product demonstrates the synthetic utility of this method. A copper-catalyzed three-component annulation for the synthesis of functionalized 2-quinolones was developed.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ah Reum Kim
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea .,Department of Chemistry, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Nam Lim
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Z, Luan N, Lu H, Liang A, Li J, Zou D, Wu Y, Wu Y. Boron-Promoted Ether Interchange Reaction: Synthesis of Alkyl Nitroaromatic Ethers from Methoxynitroarenes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Liu
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Nannan Luan
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Hongtao Lu
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Apeng Liang
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Jingya Li
- Tetranov Biopharm, LLC. And Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation; 450052 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Dapeng Zou
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yusheng Wu
- The College of Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Daxue Road No.75 450000 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Tetranov Biopharm, LLC. And Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation; 450052 Zhengzhou Henan China
- Tetranov International, Inc.; 08901 New Brunswick NJ USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lountos GT, Zhao XZ, Kiselev E, Tropea JE, Needle D, Pommier Y, Burke TR, Waugh DS. Identification of a ligand binding hot spot and structural motifs replicating aspects of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I (TDP1) phosphoryl recognition by crystallographic fragment cocktail screening. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:10134-10150. [PMID: 31199869 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl DNA-phosphodiesterase I (TDP1) repairs type IB topoisomerase (TOP1) cleavage complexes generated by TOP1 inhibitors commonly used as anticancer agents. TDP1 also removes DNA 3' end blocking lesions generated by chain-terminating nucleosides and alkylating agents, and base oxidation both in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Combination therapy with TDP1 inhibitors is proposed to synergize with topoisomerase targeting drugs to enhance selectivity against cancer cells exhibiting deficiencies in parallel DNA repair pathways. A crystallographic fragment screening campaign against the catalytic domain of TDP1 was conducted to identify new lead compounds. Crystal structures revealed two fragments that bind to the TDP1 active site and exhibit inhibitory activity against TDP1. These fragments occupy a similar position in the TDP1 active site as seen in prior crystal structures of TDP1 with bound vanadate, a transition state mimic. Using structural insights into fragment binding, several fragment derivatives have been prepared and evaluated in biochemical assays. These results demonstrate that fragment-based methods can be a highly feasible approach toward the discovery of small-molecule chemical scaffolds to target TDP1, and for the first time, we provide co-crystal structures of small molecule inhibitors bound to TDP1, which could serve for the rational development of medicinal TDP1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George T Lountos
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Xue Zhi Zhao
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Evgeny Kiselev
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joseph E Tropea
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Danielle Needle
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - David S Waugh
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Moir M, Lane S, Lai F, Connor M, Hibbs DE, Kassiou M. Strategies to develop selective CB2 receptor agonists from indole carboxamide synthetic cannabinoids. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:291-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Ahn BH, Lee IY, Lim HN. Step-economical synthesis of 3-amido-2-quinolones by dendritic copper powder-mediated one-pot reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:7851-7860. [PMID: 30303225 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01994k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The one-pot protocol by the dendritic copper powder-mediated Knoevenagel condensation/annelation is delineated here for the synthesis of 3-amido-2-quinolones. It is practical with moisture tolerance and easy setup, and is compatible with many functional groups under mild conditions. This method was applied for the preparation of the key intermediates of biologically relevant 3-amido-2-quinolones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Hoon Ahn
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Therapeutics&Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Batalha PN, Forezi LDSM, Freitas MCR, Tolentino NMDC, Orestes E, Carneiro JWDM, Boechat FDCS, de Souza MCBV. Study on the regioselectivity of the N-ethylation reaction of N-benzyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:388-400. [PMID: 30873225 PMCID: PMC6404479 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Oxoquinolines are a class of organic substances of great importance in medicinal chemistry, due to their biological and synthetic versatility. N-1-Alkylated-4-oxoquinoline derivatives have been associated with different pharmacological activities such as antibacterial and antiviral. The presence of a carboxamide unit connected to carbon C-3 of the 4-oxoquinoline core has been associated with various biological activities. Experimentally, the N-ethylation reaction of N-benzyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide occurs at the nitrogen of the oxoquinoline group, in a regiosselective way. In this work, we employed DFT methods to investigate the regiosselective ethylation reaction of N-benzyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide, evaluating its acid/base behavior and possible reaction paths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro N Batalha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Luana da S M Forezi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara R Freitas
- Instituto de Física, LDRX-UFF, Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói, 24210-347, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Pavilhão de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Seropédica, RJ, 23890-000, Brazil
| | | | - Ednilsom Orestes
- Escola de Engenharia Industrial Metalúrgica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, 27255-125, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mugnaini C, Rabbito A, Brizzi A, Palombi N, Petrosino S, Verde R, Di Marzo V, Ligresti A, Corelli F. Synthesis of novel 2-(1-adamantanylcarboxamido)thiophene derivatives. Selective cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor agonists as potential agents for the treatment of skin inflammatory disease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:239-251. [PMID: 30359820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A set of CB2R ligands, based on the thiophene scaffold, was synthesized and evaluated in in vitro assays. Compounds 8c-i, k, l, bearing the 3-carboxylate and 2-(adamantan-1-yl)carboxamido groups together with apolar alkyl/aryl substituents at 5-position or at 4- and 5-positions of the thiophene ring possess high CB2R affinity at low nanomolar concentration, good receptor selectivity, and agonistic functional activity. The full agonist 8g, showing the best balance between receptor affinity and selectivity, was tested in vitro in an experimental model of allergic contact dermatitis and proved to be able to block the release of MCP-2 in HaCaT cells at 10 μM concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Rabbito
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nastasja Palombi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Roberta Verde
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prandi C, Blangetti M, Namdar D, Koltai H. Structure-Activity Relationship of Cannabis Derived Compounds for the Treatment of Neuronal Activity-Related Diseases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071526. [PMID: 29941830 PMCID: PMC6099582 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa active compounds are extensively studied for their therapeutic effects, beyond the well-known psychotropic activity. C. Sativa is used to treat different medical indications, such as multiple sclerosis, spasticity, epilepsy, ulcerative colitis and pain. Simultaneously, basic research is discovering new constituents of cannabis-derived compounds and their receptors capable of neuroprotection and neuronal activity modulation. The function of the various phytochemicals in different therapeutic processes is not fully understood, but their significant role is starting to emerge and be appreciated. In this review, we will consider the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of cannabinoid compounds able to bind to cannabinoid receptors and act as therapeutic agents in neuronal diseases, e.g., Parkinson’s disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Dvora Namdar
- ARO, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Todorov AR, Wirtanen T, Helaja J. Photoreductive Removal of O-Benzyl Groups from Oxyarene N-Heterocycles Assisted by O-Pyridine-pyridone Tautomerism. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13756-13767. [PMID: 29135249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Facile photoreductive protocols have been developed to remove benzyl O-protective groups from oxyarene N-heterocycles at positions capable for 2-/4-O-pyridine-2-/4-pyridone tautomerism. Blue light irradiation, a [Ru] or [Ir] photocatalyst, and ascorbic acid in a water-acetonitrile solution debenzylates a variety of aryl N-heterocycles cleanly and selectively. Ascorbic acid has two functions in the reaction. On the one hand, it protonates the N-heterocycles that reduces their reduction potentials notably and on the other hand it acts as a sacrificial reductant. Reduction potentials and free energy barriers calculated at the CPCM-B3LYP/6-31+G** level can predict the reactivities of the studied substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar R Todorov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki , A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tom Wirtanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki , A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho Helaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki , A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Spinelli F, Capparelli E, Abate C, Colabufo NA, Contino M. Perspectives of Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor (CB2R) Ligands in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Structure-Affinity Relationship (SAfiR) and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9913-9931. [PMID: 28608697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Up-regulation of CB2R on activated microglial cells, the first step in neurodegeneration, has been widely demonstrated, and this finding makes the receptor a promising target in the early diagnosis and treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). The development of CB2R PET ligands could help demonstrate the neurodegenerative pathogenesis, thus providing useful tools for characterizing the role of neuroinflammation in the progression of these disorders. CB2R agonists and inverse agonists have emerged as neuroprotective agents, and CB2R agonists have entered several clinical trials. CB2R ligands have therefore received great attention, and different molecular scaffolds have been selected to target CB2R subtypes. This review is focused on structure-activity relationship (SAR) and structure-affinity relationship (SAfiR) studies performed on different scaffolds with the aim to identify the molecular features useful for the design of both therapeutic and diagnostic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Capparelli
- Biofordrug srl, Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Catholic University "Our Lady of Good Counsel", Kompleksi Spitalor Universitar "Zoja e Këshillit të Mirë" , Rr. Dritan Hoxha, Laprakë, 1000, Tirana, Albania
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola A Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Biofordrug srl, Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro , Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Facile Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Activity of Europium-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2016; 2016:1057260. [PMID: 27965525 PMCID: PMC5124642 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1057260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to synthetize europium-doped nanohydroxyapatite using a simple aqueous precipitation method and, thereafter, characterize and impregnate selected samples with 5-fluorouracil in order to explore the properties and the releasing capacity of this material. The nanohydroxyapatite was doped with 3, 5, 10, and 20 wt% of europium. The obtained samples were characterized after they were dried at 80°C and hydrothermal treated at 120°C by 2 hours. The samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. Also, impregnation and release of 5-fluorouracil were assessed in PBS. The toxicity effects of all samples were studied using viability assays on human fibroblasts cells (HGF-1) in vitro. The sizes of the crystallites were about 10–70 nm with irregular morphology and present the phase corresponding to the JCPDS card 9–0432 for hydroxyapatite. The results of the toxicity experiments indicated that doped and undoped powders are biocompatible with fibroblasts cells. Hydroxyapatite samples doped with 5% of europium and loaded with 5-fluorouracil release almost 7 mg/L of the drug after 60 minutes in PBS and decrease the viability of HeLa cells after 24 hours.
Collapse
|
28
|
Osman NA, Ligresti A, Klein CD, Allarà M, Rabbito A, Di Marzo V, Abouzid KA, Abadi AH. Discovery of novel Tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene and pyrrole based scaffolds as potent and selective CB2 receptor ligands: The structural elements controlling binding affinity, selectivity and functionality. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:619-634. [PMID: 27448919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CB2-based therapeutics show strong potential in the treatment of diverse diseases such as inflammation, multiple sclerosis, pain, immune-related disorders, osteoporosis and cancer, without eliciting the typical neurobehavioral side effects of CB1 ligands. For this reason, research activities are currently directed towards the development of CB2 selective ligands. Herein, the synthesis of novel heterocyclic-based CB2 selective compounds is reported. A set of 2,5-dialkyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamides, 5-subtituted-2-(acylamino)/(2-sulphonylamino)-thiophene-3-carboxylates and 2-(acylamino)/(2-sulphonylamino)-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylates were synthesized. Biological results revealed compounds with remarkably high CB2 binding affinity and CB2/CB1 subtype selectivity. Compound 19a and 19b from the pyrrole series exhibited the highest CB2 receptor affinity (Ki = 7.59 and 6.15 nM, respectively), as well as the highest CB2/CB1 subtype selectivity (∼70 and ∼200-fold, respectively). In addition, compound 6b from the tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene series presented the most potent and selective CB2 ligand in this series (Ki = 2.15 nM and CB2 subtype selectivity of almost 500-fold over CB1). Compound 6b showed a full agonism, while compounds 19a and 19b acted as inverse agonists when tested in an adenylate cyclase assay. The present findings thus pave the way to the design and optimization of heterocyclic-based scaffolds with lipophilic carboxamide and/or retroamide substituent that can be exploited as potential CB2 receptor activity modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Christian D Klein
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Allarà
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rabbito
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Khaled A Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kamikubo R, Kai K, Tsuji-Naito K, Akagawa M. β-Caryophyllene attenuates palmitate-induced lipid accumulation through AMPK signaling by activating CB2 receptor in human HepG2 hepatocytes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2228-2242. [PMID: 27234712 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, characterized by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation without significant ethanol consumption. We have performed a screening for medicinal foods that inhibit hepatocytic lipid accumulation through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a critical regulator of the hepatic lipid metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that clove (Syzygium aromaticum), which is commonly used as a spice, markedly inhibits palmitate-inducible lipid accumulation in human HepG2 hepatocytes. Analyses of the clove extracts found that β-caryophyllene, an orally-active cannabinoid, is the principal suppressor of the lipid accumulation, and stimulates the phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1). Our data also showed that β-caryophyllene prevents the translocation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) into the nucleus and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) into the cytoplasm through AMPK signaling, and consequently, induces a significant downregulation of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and upregulation of adipose triglyceride lipase, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrated that the β-caryophyllene-induced activation of AMPK could be mediated by the cannabinoid type 2 receptor-dependent Ca2+ signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that β-caryophyllene has the potential efficacy in preventing and ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its associated metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kamikubo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | | | - Mitsugu Akagawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Synthesis and structure activity relationship investigation of triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as CB2 cannabinoid receptor inverse agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 113:11-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
31
|
Mugnaini C, Brizzi A, Ligresti A, Allarà M, Lamponi S, Vacondio F, Silva C, Mor M, Di Marzo V, Corelli F. Investigations on the 4-Quinolone-3-carboxylic Acid Motif. 7. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 4-Quinolone-3-carboxamides and 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolone-3-carboxamides as High Affinity Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2R) Ligands with Improved Aqueous Solubility. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1052-67. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid
Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- Endocannabinoid
Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Silva
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid
Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Aghazadeh Tabrizi M, Baraldi PG, Borea PA, Varani K. Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Agonists. Chem Rev 2016; 116:519-60. [PMID: 26741146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Aghazadeh Tabrizi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Han S, Zhang FF, Qian HY, Chen LL, Pu JB, Xie X, Chen JZ. Development of Quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones as Potent and Selective Ligands of the Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor. J Med Chem 2015; 58:5751-69. [PMID: 26151231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) play crucial roles in inflammatory diseases. There has been considerable interest in developing potent and selective ligands for CB2R. In this study, quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione analogs have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their potencies and binding properties toward the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) and CB2R. C5- or C8-substituted quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones demonstrate CB2R agonist activity, while the C6- or C7-substituted analogs are antagonists of CB2R. In addition, oral administration of 21 dose-dependently alleviates the clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis and protects the central nervous system from immune damage. Furthermore, the interaction modes predicted by docking simulations and the 3D-QSAR model generated with CoMFA may offer guidance for further design and modification of CB2R modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Han
- †College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Fei-Fei Zhang
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hai-Yan Qian
- †College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- †College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian-Bin Pu
- †College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xin Xie
- ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Chen
- †College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Batalha PN, Gomes ATPC, Forezi LSM, Costa L, de Souza MCBV, Boechat FDCS, Ferreira VF, Almeida A, Faustino MAF, Neves MGPMS, Cavaleiro JAS. Synthesis of new porphyrin/4-quinolone conjugates and evaluation of their efficiency in the photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11070j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of new porphyrin/4-quinolone conjugates and their evaluation as potential photosensitizers in the photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro N. Batalha
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
| | - Ana T. P. C. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | - Luana S. M. Forezi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - Liliana Costa
- Department of Biology and CESAM
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | | | - Fernanda da C. S. Boechat
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - Vitor F. Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology and CESAM
- University of Aveiro
- 3810-193 Aveiro
- Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Franks LN, Ford BM, Madadi NR, Penthala NR, Crooks PA, Prather PL. Characterization of the intrinsic activity for a novel class of cannabinoid receptor ligands: Indole quinuclidine analogs. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 737:140-8. [PMID: 24858620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory recently reported that a group of novel indole quinuclidine analogs bind with nanomolar affinity to cannabinoid type-1 and type-2 receptors. This study characterized the intrinsic activity of these compounds by determining whether they exhibit agonist, antagonist, or inverse agonist activity at cannabinoid type-1 and/or type-2 receptors. Cannabinoid receptors activate Gi/Go-proteins that then proceed to inhibit activity of the downstream intracellular effector adenylyl cyclase. Therefore, intrinsic activity was quantified by measuring the ability of compounds to modulate levels of intracellular cAMP in intact cells. Concerning cannabinoid type-1 receptors endogenously expressed in Neuro2A cells, a single analog exhibited agonist activity, while eight acted as neutral antagonists and two possessed inverse agonist activity. For cannabinoid type-2 receptors stably expressed in CHO cells, all but two analogs acted as agonists; these two exceptions exhibited inverse agonist activity. Confirming specificity at cannabinoid type-1 receptors, modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity by all proposed agonists and inverse agonists was blocked by co-incubation with the neutral cannabinoid type-1 antagonist O-2050. All proposed cannabinoid type-1 receptor antagonists attenuated adenylyl cyclase modulation by cannabinoid agonist CP-55,940. Specificity at cannabinoid type-2 receptors was confirmed by failure of all compounds to modulate adenylyl cyclase activity in CHO cells devoid of cannabinoid type-2 receptors. Further characterization of select analogs demonstrated concentration-dependent modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity with potencies similar to their respective affinities for cannabinoid receptors. Therefore, indole quinuclidines are a novel structural class of compounds exhibiting high affinity and a range of intrinsic activity at cannabinoid type-1 and type-2 receptors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Animals
- CHO Cells
- Chemical Phenomena
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Drug Inverse Agonism
- Humans
- Indoles/chemistry
- Ligands
- Mice
- Quinuclidines/chemistry
- Quinuclidines/metabolism
- Quinuclidines/pharmacology
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirit N Franks
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Ford
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Nikhil R Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Narsimha R Penthala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Paul L Prather
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lin JP, Long YQ. Transition metal-free one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted 3-carboxy-4-quinolone and chromone derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5313-5. [PMID: 23640202 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel one-pot synthesis of the 2-substituted 3-carboxy-4-quinolone/chromone derivatives from readily available 3-oxo-3-arylpropanoates and amides/acyl chlorides is reported, without any transition metal aid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2013.838413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
38
|
Han S, Thatte J, Buzard DJ, Jones RM. Therapeutic Utility of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 (CB2) Selective Agonists. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8224-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4005626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangdon Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jayant Thatte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel J. Buzard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert M. Jones
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mu L, Bieri D, Slavik R, Drandarov K, Müller A, Cermak S, Weber M, Schibli R, Krämer SD, Ametamey SM. Radiolabeling and in vitro /in vivo evaluation of N-(1-adamantyl)-8-methoxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide as a PET probe for imaging cannabinoid type 2 receptor. J Neurochem 2013; 126:616-24. [PMID: 23795580 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor plays an important role in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease and is therefore a very promising target for therapeutic approaches as well as for imaging. Based on the literature, we identified one 4-oxoquinoline derivative(designated KD2) as the lead structure. It was synthesized, radiolabeled and evaluated as a potential imaging tracer for CB2. [11C]KD2 was obtained in 99% radiochemical purity.Moderate blood–brain barrier (BBB) passage was predicted for KD2 from an in vitro transport assay with P-glycoprotein-transfected Madin Darby canine kidney cells. No efflux of KD2 by P-glycoprotein was detected. In vitro autoradiography of rat and mouse spleen slices demonstrated that [11C]KD2 exhibits high specific binding towards CB2. High spleen uptake of [11C]KD2 was observed in dynamic positron emission tomography(PET) studies with Wistar rats and its specificity was confirmed by displacement study with a selective CB2 agonist, GW405833. A pilot autoradiography study with post-mortem spinal cord slices from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)patients with [11C]KD2 suggested the presence of CB2 receptors under disease conditions. Specificity of [11C]KD2 binding could also be demonstrated on these human tissues. In conclusion, [11C]KD2 shows good in vitro and in vivo properties as a potential PET tracer for CB2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Mu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH-PSI-USZ, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Banister SD, Wilkinson SM, Longworth M, Stuart J, Apetz N, English K, Brooker L, Goebel C, Hibbs DE, Glass M, Connor M, McGregor IS, Kassiou M. The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of adamantane-derived indoles: cannabimimetic drugs of abuse. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:1081-92. [PMID: 23551277 DOI: 10.1021/cn400035r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel adamantane derivatives, adamantan-1-yl(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methanone (AB-001) and N-(adamtan-1-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide (SDB-001), were recently identified as cannabimimetic indoles of abuse. Conflicting anecdotal reports of the psychoactivity of AB-001 in humans, and a complete dearth of information about the bioactivity of SDB-001, prompted the preparation of AB-001, SDB-001, and several analogues intended to explore preliminary structure-activity relationships within this class. This study sought to elucidate which structural features of AB-001, SDB-001, and their analogues govern the cannabimimetic potency of these chemotypes in vitro and in vivo. All compounds showed similar full agonist profiles at CB1 (EC50 = 16-43 nM) and CB2 (EC50 = 29-216 nM) receptors in vitro using a FLIPR membrane potential assay, with the exception of SDB-002, which demonstrated partial agonist activity at CB2 receptors. The activity of AB-001, AB-002, and SDB-001 in rats was compared to that of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC) and cannabimimetic indole JWH-018 using biotelemetry. SDB-001 dose-dependently induced hypothermia and reduced heart rate (maximal dose 10 mg/kg) with potency comparable to that of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC, maximal dose 10 mg/kg), and lower than that of JWH-018 (maximal dose 3 mg/kg). Additionally, the changes in body temperature and heart rate affected by SDB-001 are of longer duration than those of Δ(9)-THC or JWH-018, suggesting a different pharmacokinetic profile. In contrast, AB-001, and its homologue, AB-002, did not produce significant hypothermic and bradycardic effects, even at relatively higher doses (up to 30 mg/kg), indicating greatly reduced potency compared to Δ(9)-THC, JWH-018, and SDB-001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D. Banister
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, NSW 2050, Australia
| | | | | | - Jordyn Stuart
- The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie
University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nadine Apetz
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrina English
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lance Brooker
- Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory, National Measurement Institute, NSW 2073, Australia
| | - Catrin Goebel
- Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory, National Measurement Institute, NSW 2073, Australia
| | - David E. Hibbs
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michelle Glass
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mark Connor
- The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie
University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Iain S. McGregor
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, NSW 2050, Australia
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pasquini S, De Rosa M, Ligresti A, Mugnaini C, Brizzi A, Caradonna NP, Cascio MG, Bolognini D, Pertwee RG, Di Marzo V, Corelli F. Investigations on the 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid motif. 6. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 7-substituted quinolone-3-carboxamide derivatives as high affinity ligands for cannabinoid receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:30-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
42
|
Rempel V, Volz N, Hinz S, Karcz T, Meliciani I, Nieger M, Wenzel W, Bräse S, Müller CE. 7-Alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins: a versatile scaffold for the development of potent and selective cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7967-77. [PMID: 22916707 DOI: 10.1021/jm3008213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 7-alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins was designed, synthesized, and tested at cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptors in radioligand binding and cAMP accumulation studies. 7-Alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins were found to constitute a versatile scaffold for obtaining potent CB receptor ligands with high potency at either CB(1) or CB(2) and a broad spectrum of efficacies. Fine-tuning of compound properties was achieved by small modifications of the substitution pattern. The most potent compounds of the present series include 5-methoxy-3-(2-methylbenzyl)-7-pentyl-2H-chromen-2-one (19a, PSB-SB-1201), a selective CB(1)antagonist (K(i) CB(1) 0.022 μM), 5-methoxy-3-(2-methoxybenzyl)-7-pentyl-2H-chromen-2-one (21a, PSB-SB-1202), a dual CB(1)/CB(2)agonist (CB(1)K(i) 0.032 μM, EC(50) 0.056 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.049 μM, EC(50) 0.014 μM), 5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-7-(2-methyloct-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (25b, PSB-SB-1203), a dual CB(1)/CB(2) ligand that blocks CB(1) but activates CB(2) receptors (CB(1)K(i) 0.244 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.210 μM, EC(50) 0.054 μM), and 7-(1-butylcyclopentyl)-5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (27b, PSB-SB-1204), a selective CB(2) receptor agonist (CB(1)K(i) 1.59 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.068 μM, EC(50) 0.048 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Rempel
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, PharmaCenter Bonn, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Latest advances in novel cannabinoid CB(2) ligands for drug abuse and their therapeutic potential. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:187-204. [PMID: 22300098 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cannabinoid (CB) drug research is experiencing a challenge as the CB(1) antagonist Rimonabant, launched in 2006 as an anorectic/anti-obesity drug, was withdrawn from the European market due to the complications of suicide and depression as side effects. There is interest in developing CB(2) drugs without CB(1) psychotropic side effects for drug-abuse treatment and therapeutic medication. The CB(1) receptor was discovered predominantly in the brain, whereas the CB(2) is mainly expressed in peripheral cells and tissues, and is involved in immune signal transduction. Conversely, the CB(2) receptor was recently detected in the CNS, for example, in the microglial cells and the neurons. While the CB(2) neurons activity remains controversial, the CB(2) receptor is an attractive therapeutic target for neuropathic pain, immune system, cancer and osteoporosis without psychoactivity. This review addresses CB drug abuse and therapeutic potential with a focus on the most recent advances on new CB(2) ligands from the literature as well as patents.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pasquini S, Mugnaini C, Ligresti A, Tafi A, Brogi S, Falciani C, Pedani V, Pesco N, Guida F, Luongo L, Varani K, Borea PA, Maione S, Di Marzo V, Corelli F. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterization of indol-3-ylacetamides, indol-3-yloxoacetamides, and indol-3-ylcarboxamides: potent and selective CB2 cannabinoid receptor inverse agonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5391-402. [PMID: 22548457 DOI: 10.1021/jm3003334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In our search for new cannabinoid receptor modulators, we describe herein the design and synthesis of three sets of indole-based ligands characterized by an acetamide, oxalylamide, or carboxamide chain, respectively. Most of the compounds showed affinity for CB2 receptors in the nanomolar range, with K(i) values spanning 3 orders of magnitude (377-0.37 nM), and moderate to good selectivity over CB1 receptors. Their in vitro functional activity as inverse agonists was confirmed in vivo in the formalin test of acute peripheral and inflammatory pain in mice, in which compounds 10a and 11e proved to be able to reverse the effect of the CB2 selective agonist COR167.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Pasquini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mugnaini C, Nocerino S, Pedani V, Pasquini S, Tafi A, De Chiaro M, Bellucci L, Valoti M, Guida F, Luongo L, Dragoni S, Ligresti A, Rosenberg A, Bolognini D, Cascio MG, Pertwee RG, Moaddel R, Maione S, Di Marzo V, Corelli F. Investigations on the 4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid motif part 5: modulation of the physicochemical profile of a set of potent and selective cannabinoid-2 receptor ligands through a bioisosteric approach. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:920-34. [PMID: 22383251 PMCID: PMC3516921 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Three heterocyclic systems were selected as potential bioisosteres of the amide linker for a series of 1,6-disubstituted-4-quinolone-3-carboxamides, which are potent and selective CB2 ligands that exhibit poor water solubility, with the aim of improving their physicochemical profile and also of clarifying properties of importance for amide bond mimicry. Among the newly synthesized compounds, a 1,2,3-triazole derivative (1-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-[6-(furan-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-pentylquinolin-3-yl]-1H-1,2,3-triazole) emerged as the most promising in terms of both physicochemical and pharmacodynamic properties. When assayed in vitro, this derivative exhibited inverse agonist activity, whereas, in the formalin test in mice, it produced analgesic effects antagonized by a well-established inverse agonist. Metabolic studies allowed the identification of a side chain hydroxylated derivative as its only metabolite, which, in its racemic form, still showed appreciable CB2 selectivity, but was 150-fold less potent than the parent compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Stefania Nocerino
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Valentina Pedani
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Serena Pasquini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Andrea Tafi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Maria De Chiaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale – Sezione di Farmacologia ‘L. Donatelli’, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luca Bellucci
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| | - Massimo Valoti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Guida
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale – Sezione di Farmacologia ‘L. Donatelli’, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale – Sezione di Farmacologia ‘L. Donatelli’, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Dragoni
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Campi Flegrei 34, Fabbr. 70, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli) Italy
| | - Avraham Rosenberg
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Daniele Bolognini
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Maria Grazia Cascio
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Roger G. Pertwee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale – Sezione di Farmacologia ‘L. Donatelli’, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Campi Flegrei 34, Fabbr. 70, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli) Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena Via De Gasperi, 2 53100 Siena, Italy. Fax 0039-(0)577-234333
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rational design, synthesis and anti-proliferative properties of new CB2 selective cannabinoid receptor ligands: an investigation of the 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:284-94. [PMID: 22483967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CB2 receptor ligands are becoming increasingly attractive drugs due to the potential role of this receptor in several physiopathological processes. Using our previously described series of 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-on-3-carboxamides as a lead class, several nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives, characterized by different central cores, were synthesized and tested for their affinity toward the human CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. The obtained results suggest that the new series of quinolin-2(1H)-on-3-carboxamides, 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamides and 1,2-dihydro-2-oxopyridine-3-carboxamides represent novel scaffolds very suitable for the development of promising CB2 ligands. Furthermore, the newly synthesized CB2 ligands inhibit proliferation of several cancer cell lines. In particular, it was demonstrated that in DU-145 cell line these ligands exert a CB2-mediated anti-proliferative action and decrease the CB2 receptor expression levels.
Collapse
|