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Sharma V, Chander Sharma P, Reang J, Yadav V, Kumar Tonk R, Majeed J, Sharma K. Impact of GSK-3β and CK-1δ on Wnt signaling pathway in alzheimer disease: A dual target approach. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107378. [PMID: 38643562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an enigmatic neurological illness that offers few treatment options. Recent exploration has highlighted the crucial connection of the Wnt signaling pathway in AD pathogenesis, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets. The present study focuses on the dual targeting of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and casein kinase-1δ (CK-1δ) within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway as a possible technique for AD intervention. GSK-3β and CK-1δ are multifunctional kinases known for their roles in tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid processing, and synaptic dysfunction, all of which are major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. They are intricately linked to Wnt signaling, which plays a pivotal part in sustaining neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway in AD contributes to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms by which GSK-3β and CK-1δ impact the Wnt signaling pathway, elucidating their roles in AD pathogenesis. We discuss the potential of small-molecule inhibitors along with their SAR studies along with the multi-targetd approach targeting GSK-3β and CK-1δ to modulate Wnt signaling and mitigate AD-related pathology. In summary, the dual targeting of GSK-3β and CK-1δ within the framework of the Wnt signaling pathway presents an innovative and promising avenue for future AD therapies, offering new hope for patients and caregivers in the quest to combat this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | | | - Jurnal Reang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Jaseela Majeed
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Management, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Kalicharan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPS, DPSRU, New Delhi, 110017, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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Jiang W, Jiang Y, Luo Y, Qiao W, Yang T. Facilitating the development of molecular glues: Opportunities from serendipity and rational design. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115950. [PMID: 37984298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Molecular glues can specifically induce interactions between two or more proteins to modulate biological functions and have been proven to be a powerful therapeutic modality in drug discovery. It plays a variety of vital roles in several biological processes, such as complex stabilization, interactome modulation and transporter inhibition, thus enabling challenging therapeutic targets to be druggable. Most known molecular glues were identified serendipitously, such as IMiDs, auxin, and rapamycin. In recent years, more rational strategies were explored with the development of chemical biology and a deep understanding of the interaction between molecular glues and proteins, which led to the rational discovery of several molecular glues. Thus, in this review, we aim to highlight the discovery strategies of molecular glues from three aspects: serendipitous discovery, screening methods and rational design principles. We expect that this review will provide a reasonable reference and insights for the discovery of molecular glues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunhan Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wenliang Qiao
- Lung Cancer Center, Laboratory of Lung Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Wang J, Hu YH, Zhou KX, Wang W, Li F, Li K, Zhang GY, Tang YZ. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pleuromutilin Derivatives Containing 6-Chloro-1-R-1 H-pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine-4-amino Side Chain. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093975. [PMID: 37175382 PMCID: PMC10180054 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of pleuromutilin derivatives were designed and synthesized as inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). 6-chloro-4-amino-1-R-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine or 4-(6-chloro-1-R-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4-yl)amino-phenylthiol were connected to pleuromutilin. A diverse array of substituents was introduced at the N-1 position of the pyrazole ring. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these semisynthetic derivatives were evaluated against two standard strains, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), ATCC 29213 and two clinical S. aureus strains (144, AD3) using the broth dilution method. Compounds 12c, 19c and 22c (MIC = 0.25 μg/mL) manifested good in vitro antibacterial ability against MRSA which was similar to that of tiamulin (MIC = 0.5 μg/mL). Among them, compound 22c killed MRSA in a time-dependent manner and performed faster bactericidal kinetics than tiamulin in time-kill curves. In addition, compound 22c exhibited longer PAE than tiamulin, and showed no significant inhibition on the cell viability of RAW 264.7, Caco-2 and 16-HBE cells at high doses (≤8 μg/mL). The neutropenic murine thigh infection model study revealed that compound 22c displayed more effective in vivo bactericidal activity than tiamulin in reducing MRSA load. The molecular docking studies indicated that compound 22c was successfully localized inside the binding pocket of 50S ribosomal, and four hydrogen bonds played important roles in the binding of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu-Han Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ke Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guang-Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Spinaci A, Buccioni M, Catarzi D, Cui C, Colotta V, Dal Ben D, Cescon E, Francucci B, Grieco I, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Bassani D, Pavan M, Varano F, Federico S, Spalluto G, Moro S, Volpini R. "Dual Anta-Inhibitors" of the A 2A Adenosine Receptor and Casein Kinase CK1delta: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:167. [PMID: 37259317 PMCID: PMC9960553 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on a screening of a chemical library of A2A adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists, a series of di- and tri-substituted adenine derivatives were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the activity of the enzyme casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ) and to bind adenosine receptors (ARs). Some derivatives, here called "dual anta-inhibitors", demonstrated good CK1δ inhibitory activity combined with a high binding affinity, especially for the A2AAR. The N6-methyl-(2-benzimidazolyl)-2-dimethyamino-9-cyclopentyladenine (17, IC50 = 0.59 μM and KiA2A = 0.076 μM) showed the best balance of A2AAR affinity and CK1δ inhibitory activity. Computational studies were performed to simulate, at the molecular level, the protein-ligand interactions involving the compounds of our series. Hence, the dual anta-inhibitor 17 could be considered the lead compound of new therapeutic agents endowed with synergistic effects for the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative and cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Spinaci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Chang Cui
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cescon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatrice Francucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Ilenia Grieco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Davide Bassani
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavan
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Seleno-Analogs of Scaffolds Resembling Natural Products a Novel Warhead toward Dual Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010139. [PMID: 36671001 PMCID: PMC9854712 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, oxidative cell damage is one of the common features of cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Se-containing molecules, such as ebselen, which has demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, have demonstrated well-established preventive effects against both diseases. In this study, a total of 39 Se-derivatives were synthesized, purified, and spectroscopically characterized by NMR. Antioxidant ability was tested using the DPPH assay, while antiproliferative activity was screened in breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, as a first approach to evaluate their potential anti-Alzheimer activity, the in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChEI) was tested. Regarding antioxidant properties, compound 13a showed concentration- and time-dependent radical scavenging activity. Additionally, compounds 14a and 17a showed high activity in the melanoma and ovarian cancer cell lines, with LD50 values below 9.2 µM. Interestingly, in the AChEI test, compound 14a showed almost identical inhibitory activity to galantamine along with a 3-fold higher in vitro BBB permeation (Pe = 36.92 × 10-6 cm/s). Molecular dynamics simulations of the aspirin derivatives (14a and 14b) confirm the importance of the allylic group instead of the propargyl one. Altogether, it is concluded that some of these newly synthesized Se-derivatives, such as 14a, might become very promising candidates to treat both cancer and AD.
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Wu T, Lin D, Cheng Y, Jiang S, Riaz MW, Fu N, Mou C, Ye M, Zheng Y. Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Challenges. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1745-1758. [PMID: 36465173 PMCID: PMC9662281 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis has always been a research focus in the therapeutic field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) since it was put forward. Numerous researchers attempted to find drugs for AD treatment based on this hypothesis. To promote the research of anti-AD drugs development, the current hypothesis and pathogenesis were reviewed with expounding of β-amyloid generation from its precursor protein and related transformations. Meanwhile, the present drug development strategies aimed at each stage in this hypothesis were also summarized. Several strategies especially immunotherapy showed the optimistic results in clinical trials, but only a small percentage of them eventually succeeded. In this review, we also tried to point out some common problems of drug development in preclinical and clinical studies which might be settled through multidisciplinary cooperation as well as the understanding that reinforces the amyloid cascade hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ding Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yaqian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Senze Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Nina Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chenhao Mou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Menglu Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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7
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Cdk5-p25 as a key element linking amyloid and tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. Life Sci 2022; 308:120986. [PMID: 36152679 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that the small atypical serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is expressed in a number of tissues, its activity is restricted to the central nervous system due to the neuron-only localization of its activators p35 and p39. Although its importance for the proper development and function of the brain and its role as a switch between neuronal survival and death are unmistakable and unquestionable, Cdk5 is nevertheless increasingly emerging, as supported by a large number of publications on the subject, as a therapeutic target of choice in the fight against Alzheimer's disease. Thus, its aberrant over activation via the calpain-dependent conversion of p35 into p25 is observed during the pathogenesis of the disease where it leads to the hyperphosphorylation of the β-amyloid precursor protein and tau. The present review highlights the pivotal roles of the hyperactive Cdk5-p25 complex activity in contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on the linking function between Aβ and tau that this kinase fulfils and on the fact that Cdk5-p25 is part of a deleterious feed forward loop giving rise to a molecular machinery runaway leading to AD pathogenesis. Additionally, we discuss the advances and challenges related to the possible strategies aimed at specifically inhibiting Cdk5-p25 activity and which could lead to promising anti-AD therapeutics.
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Li F, Aljahdali IAM, Ling X. Molecular Glues: Capable Protein-Binding Small Molecules That Can Change Protein-Protein Interactions and Interactomes for the Potential Treatment of Human Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116206. [PMID: 35682885 PMCID: PMC9181451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular glue (MG) compounds are a type of unique small molecule that can change the protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and interactomes by degrading, stabilizing, or activating the target protein after their binging. These small-molecule MGs are gradually being recognized for their potential application in treating human diseases, including cancer. Evidence suggests that small-molecule MG compounds could essentially target any proteins, which play critical roles in human disease etiology, where many of these protein targets were previously considered undruggable. Intriguingly, most MG compounds with high efficacy for cancer treatment can glue on and control multiple key protein targets. On the other hand, a single key protein target can also be glued by multiple MG compounds with distinct chemical structures. The high flexibility of MG–protein interaction profiles provides rich soil for the growth and development of small-molecule MG compounds that can be used as molecular tools to assist in unraveling disease mechanisms, and they can also facilitate drug development for the treatment of human disease, especially human cancer. In this review, we elucidate this concept by using various types of small-molecule MG compounds and their corresponding protein targets that have been documented in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.A.M.A.); (X.L.)
- Developmental Therapeutics (DT) Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Gastrointestinal Translational Research Group (GI TRG), Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(716)-845-4398; Fax: +1-(716)-845-8857
| | - Ieman A. M. Aljahdali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.A.M.A.); (X.L.)
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.A.M.A.); (X.L.)
- Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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Mazumder K, Aktar A, Roy P, Biswas B, Hossain ME, Sarkar KK, Bachar SC, Ahmed F, Monjur-Al-Hossain ASM, Fukase K. A Review on Mechanistic Insight of Plant Derived Anticancer Bioactive Phytocompounds and Their Structure Activity Relationship. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093036. [PMID: 35566385 PMCID: PMC9102595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disorder that rigorously affects the human population worldwide. There is a steady demand for new remedies to both treat and prevent this life-threatening sickness due to toxicities, drug resistance and therapeutic failures in current conventional therapies. Researchers around the world are drawing their attention towards compounds of natural origin. For decades, human beings have been using the flora of the world as a source of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Currently, clinically approved anticancer compounds are vincristine, vinblastine, taxanes, and podophyllotoxin, all of which come from natural sources. With the triumph of these compounds that have been developed into staple drug products for most cancer therapies, new technologies are now appearing to search for novel biomolecules with anticancer activities. Ellipticine, camptothecin, combretastatin, curcumin, homoharringtonine and others are plant derived bioactive phytocompounds with potential anticancer properties. Researchers have improved the field further through the use of advanced analytical chemistry and computational tools of analysis. The investigation of new strategies for administration such as nanotechnology may enable the development of the phytocompounds as drug products. These technologies have enhanced the anticancer potential of plant-derived drugs with the aim of site-directed drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced toxicity. This review discusses mechanistic insights into anticancer compounds of natural origins and their structural activity relationships that make them targets for anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Mazumder
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: or (K.M.); (K.F.)
| | - Asma Aktar
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Priyanka Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Biswajit Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Md. Emran Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Kishore Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.A.); (P.R.); (B.B.); (M.E.H.); (K.K.S.)
| | - Sitesh Chandra Bachar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (S.C.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Firoj Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (S.C.B.); (F.A.)
| | - A. S. M. Monjur-Al-Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Correspondence: or (K.M.); (K.F.)
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10
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Shi Z, Tian L, Qiang T, Li J, Xing Y, Ren X, Liu C, Liang C. From Structure Modification to Drug Launch: A Systematic Review of the Ongoing Development of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors for Multiple Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6390-6418. [PMID: 35485642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we discuss more than 50 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors that have been approved or have undergone clinical trials and their therapeutic application in multiple cancers. This review discusses the design strategies, structure-activity relationships, and efficacy performances of these selective or nonselective CDK inhibitors. The theoretical basis of early broad-spectrum CDK inhibitors is similar to the scope of chemotherapy, but because their toxicity is greater than the benefit, there is no clinical therapeutic window. The notion that selective CDK inhibitors have a safer therapeutic potential than pan-CDK inhibitors has been widely recognized during the research process. Four CDK4/6 inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of breast cancer or for prophylactic administration during chemotherapy to protect bone marrow and immune system function. Furthermore, the emerging strategies in the field of CDK inhibitors are summarized briefly, and CDKs continue to be widely pursued as emerging anticancer drug targets for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Shi
- Department of Urology Surgery Center, The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tian
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Qiang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xing
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519030, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
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11
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Cellular senescence in the Aging Brain: A promising target for neurodegenerative diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 204:111675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Catarzi D, Varano F, Vigiani E, Lambertucci C, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Colotta V. Casein Kinase 1δ Inhibitors as Promising Therapeutic Agents for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4698-4737. [PMID: 35232339 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220301115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Casein kinase 1 (CK1) belongs to the serine-threonine kinase family and is expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. At least six human isoforms of CK1 (termed α, γ1-3, δ and ε) have been cloned and characterized. CK1 isoform modulates several physiological processes, including DNA damage repair, circadian rhythm, cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, CK1 dysfunction may trigger diverse pathologies, such as cancer, inflammation and central nervous system disorders. Overexpression and aberrant activity of CK1 has been connected to hyperphosphorylation of key proteins implicated in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Thus, CK1 inhibitors have attracted attention as potential drugs for these pathologies and several compounds have been synthesized or isolated from natural sources to be evaluated for their CK1 inhibitory activity. Here we report a comprehensive review on the development of CK1 inhibitors, with a particular emphasis on structure-activity relationships and computational studies which provide useful insight for the design of novel inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Erica Vigiani
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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13
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Yang Y, Zhou B, Jiang J, Yang J, Li S. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed ortho Hydroxymethylation of 6-Arylpurines with Paraformaldehyde via Purine-Directed C-H Activation. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Adamantane-Substituted Purines and Their β-Cyclodextrin Complexes: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312675. [PMID: 34884480 PMCID: PMC8657435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play an important role in the cell-division cycle. Synthetic inhibitors of CDKs are based on 2,6,9-trisubstituted purines and are developed as potential anticancer drugs; however, they have low solubility in water. In this study, we proved that the pharmaco-chemical properties of purine-based inhibitors can be improved by appropriate substitution with the adamantane moiety. We prepared ten new purine derivatives with adamantane skeletons that were linked at position 6 using phenylene spacers of variable geometry and polarity. We demonstrated that the adamantane skeleton does not compromise the biological activity, and some of the new purines displayed even higher inhibition activity towards CDK2/cyclin E than the parental compounds. These findings were supported by a docking study, which showed an adamantane scaffold inside the binding pocket participating in the complex stabilisation with non-polar interactions. In addition, we demonstrated that β-cyclodextrin (CD) increases the drug’s solubility in water, although this is at the cost of reducing the biochemical and cellular effect. Most likely, the drug concentration, which is necessary for target engagement, was decreased by competitive drug binding within the complex with β-CD.
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15
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Pharmacological relevance of CDK inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105115. [PMID: 34182065 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that cell cycle activation plays a role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, terminal neurodegenerative disease that affects memory and other important mental functions. Intracellular deposition of Tau protein, a hyperphosphorylated form of a microtubule-associated protein, and extracellular aggregation of Amyloid β protein, which manifests as neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques, respectively, characterize this condition. In recent years, however, several studies have concluded that cell cycle re-entry is one of the key causes of neuronal death in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The eukaryotic cell cycle is well-coordinated machinery that performs critical functions in cell replenishment, such as DNA replication, cell creation, repair, and the birth of new daughter cells from the mother cell. The complex interplay between the levels of various cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) at different checkpoints is needed for cell cycle synchronization. CDKIs (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors) prevent cyclin degradation and CDK inactivation. Different external and internal factors regulate them differently, and they have different tissue expression and developmental functions. The checkpoints ensure that the previous step is completed correctly before starting the new cell cycle phase, and they protect against the transfer of defects to the daughter cells. Due to the development of more selective and potent ATP-competitive CDK inhibitors, CDK inhibitors appear to be on the verge of having a clinical impact. This avenue is likely to yield new and effective medicines for the treatment of cancer and other neurodegenerative diseases. These new methods for recognizing CDK inhibitors may be used to create non-ATP-competitive agents that target CDK4, CDK5, and other CDKs that have been recognized as important therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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16
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When Good Kinases Go Rogue: GSK3, p38 MAPK and CDKs as Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's and Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115911. [PMID: 34072862 PMCID: PMC8199025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a mostly sporadic brain disorder characterized by cognitive decline resulting from selective neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex whereas Huntington's disease (HD) is a monogenic inherited disorder characterized by motor abnormalities and psychiatric disturbances resulting from selective neurodegeneration in the striatum. Although there have been numerous clinical trials for these diseases, they have been unsuccessful. Research conducted over the past three decades by a large number of laboratories has demonstrated that abnormal actions of common kinases play a key role in the pathogenesis of both AD and HD as well as several other neurodegenerative diseases. Prominent among these kinases are glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and some of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). After a brief summary of the molecular and cell biology of AD and HD this review covers what is known about the role of these three groups of kinases in the brain and in the pathogenesis of the two neurodegenerative disorders. The potential of targeting GSK3, p38 MAPK and CDKS as effective therapeutics is also discussed as is a brief discussion on the utilization of recently developed drugs that simultaneously target two or all three of these groups of kinases. Multi-kinase inhibitors either by themselves or in combination with strategies currently being used such as immunotherapy or secretase inhibitors for AD and knockdown for HD could represent a more effective therapeutic approach for these fatal neurodegenerative diseases.
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17
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Li SS, Dong YH, Liu ZP. Recent Advances in the Development of Casein Kinase 1 Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1585-1604. [PMID: 32660395 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200713185413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The casein kinase 1 (CK1) family is involved in regulating many cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, DNA damage repair, cytoskeleton dynamics, cytoskeleton maintenance and apoptosis. CK1 isoforms, especially CK1δ and CK1ε have emerged as important therapeutic targets for severe disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), familial advanced sleep phase syndrome and cancer. Due to the importance of CK1 for the pathogenesis of disorders, there are great interests in the development of CK1 inhibitors. METHODS Using SciFinder® as a tool, the publications about the biology of CK1 and the recent developments of CK1 inhibitors were surveyed with an exclusion of those published as patents. RESULTS This review presents the current state of knowledge on the development of CK1 inhibitors, including both synthetic small molecular inhibitors that were divided into 7 categories according to structural features, and the natural compounds. An overview of the advancement of CK1 inhibitors was given, with the introduction of various existing CK1 inhibitors, their inhibitory activities, and the structure-activity relationships. CONCLUSION Through physicochemical characterization and biological investigations, it is possible to understand the structure-activity relationship of CK1 inhibitors, which will contribute to better design and discovery of potent and selective CK1 inhibitors as potential agents for severe disorders such as AD, ALS and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue-Hui Dong
- Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Zhao-Peng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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18
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Carter B, Justin HS, Gulick D, Gamsby JJ. The Molecular Clock and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Stressful Time. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:644747. [PMID: 33889597 PMCID: PMC8056266 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.644747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm dysfunction occurs in both common and rare neurodegenerative diseases. This dysfunction manifests as sleep cycle mistiming, alterations in body temperature rhythms, and an increase in symptomatology during the early evening hours known as Sundown Syndrome. Disruption of circadian rhythm homeostasis has also been implicated in the etiology of neurodegenerative disease. Indeed, individuals exposed to a shifting schedule of sleep and activity, such as health care workers, are at a higher risk. Thus, a bidirectional relationship exists between the circadian system and neurodegeneration. At the heart of this crosstalk is the molecular circadian clock, which functions to regulate circadian rhythm homeostasis. Over the past decade, this connection has become a focal point of investigation as the molecular clock offers an attractive target to combat both neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis and circadian rhythm dysfunction, and a pivotal role for neuroinflammation and stress has been established. This review summarizes the contributions of molecular clock dysfunction to neurodegenerative disease etiology, as well as the mechanisms by which neurodegenerative diseases affect the molecular clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Carter
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Hannah S Justin
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Danielle Gulick
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Joshua J Gamsby
- Gamsby Laboratory, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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19
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Grieco I, Bissaro M, Tiz DB, Perez DI, Perez C, Martinez A, Redenti S, Mariotto E, Bortolozzi R, Viola G, Cozza G, Spalluto G, Moro S, Federico S. Developing novel classes of protein kinase CK1δ inhibitors by fusing [1,2,4]triazole with different bicyclic heteroaromatic systems. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113331. [PMID: 33721670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK1δ expression and activity is involved in different pathological situations that include neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. For this reason, protein kinase CK1δ has become a possible therapeutic target for these conditions. 5,6-fused bicyclic heteroaromatic systems that resemble adenine of ATP represent optimal scaffolds for the development of a new class of ATP competitive CK1δ inhibitors. In particular, a new series of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines and [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazines was developed. Some crucial interactors have been identified, such as the presence of a free amino group able to interact with the residues of the hinge region at the 5- and 7- positions of the [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine and [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine scaffolds, respectively; or the presence of a 3-hydroxyphenyl or 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl moiety at the 2- position of both nuclei. Molecular modeling studies identified the key interactions involved in the inhibitor-protein recognition process that appropriately fit with the outlined structure-activity relationship. Considering the fact that the CK1 protein kinase is involved in various pathologies in particular of the central nervous system, the interest in the development of new inhibitors permeable to the blood-brain barrier represents today an important goal in the pharmaceutical field. The best potent compound of the series is the 5-(7-amino-5-(benzylamino)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)benzen-1,3-diol (compound 51, IC50 = 0.18 μM) that was predicted to have an intermediate ability to cross the membrane in our in vitro assay and represents an optimal starting point to both studies the therapeutic value of protein kinase CK1δ inhibition and to develop new more potent derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Grieco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maicol Bissaro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Benedetto Tiz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniel I Perez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Conception Perez
- Instituto de Quimica Medica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Redenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Mariotto
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, Università di Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, Università di Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozza
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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20
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Qin LQ, Liang CJ, Zhou Z, Qin QP, Wei ZZ, Tan MX, Liang H. Mitochondria-localizing curcumin-cryptolepine Zn(II) complexes and their antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 30:115948. [PMID: 33360578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many metal complexes are potent candidates as mitochondrial-targeting agents. In this study, four novel Zn(II) complexes, [Zn(BPQA)Cl2] (Zn1), [Zn(BPQA)(Curc)]Cl (Zn2), [Zn(PQA)Cl2] (Zn3), and [Zn(PQA)(Curc)]Cl (Zn4), containing N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (BPQA), N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (PQA), and curcumin (H-Curc) were synthesized. An MTT assay showed that Zn1-Zn4 had strong anticancer activities against SK-OV-3/DDP and T-24 tumor cells with IC50 values of 0.03-6.19 μM. Importantly, Zn1 and Zn2 displayed low toxicities against normal HL-7702 cells. Mechanism experiments demonstrated that probe Zn2 showed appreciable fluorescence in the red region of the spectrum, and substantial accumulation of Zn2 occurred in the mitochondria after treatment, indicating increases in Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species levels, loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and consequent induction of mitochondrial dysfunction at low concentrations. In addition, the probe Zn2 effectively (50.7%) inhibited the growth of T-24 bladder tumor cells in vivo. The probe Zn2 shows potential for use in cancer therapy while retaining the H-Curc as an imaging probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Chun-Jie Liang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Zu-Zhuang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
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21
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Słabicki M, Kozicka Z, Petzold G, Li YD, Manojkumar M, Bunker RD, Donovan KA, Sievers QL, Koeppel J, Suchyta D, Sperling AS, Fink EC, Gasser JA, Wang LR, Corsello SM, Sellar RS, Jan M, Gillingham D, Scholl C, Fröhling S, Golub TR, Fischer ES, Thomä NH, Ebert BL. The CDK inhibitor CR8 acts as a molecular glue degrader that depletes cyclin K. Nature 2020; 585:293-297. [PMID: 32494016 PMCID: PMC7486275 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular glue compounds induce protein-protein interactions that, in the context of a ubiquitin ligase, lead to protein degradation1. Unlike traditional enzyme inhibitors, these molecular glue degraders act substoichiometrically to catalyse the rapid depletion of previously inaccessible targets2. They are clinically effective and highly sought-after, but have thus far only been discovered serendipitously. Here, through systematically mining databases for correlations between the cytotoxicity of 4,518 clinical and preclinical small molecules and the expression levels of E3 ligase components across hundreds of human cancer cell lines3-5, we identify CR8-a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor6-as a compound that acts as a molecular glue degrader. The CDK-bound form of CR8 has a solvent-exposed pyridyl moiety that induces the formation of a complex between CDK12-cyclin K and the CUL4 adaptor protein DDB1, bypassing the requirement for a substrate receptor and presenting cyclin K for ubiquitination and degradation. Our studies demonstrate that chemical alteration of surface-exposed moieties can confer gain-of-function glue properties to an inhibitor, and we propose this as a broader strategy through which target-binding molecules could be converted into molecular glues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Słabicki
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zuzanna Kozicka
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg Petzold
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yen-Der Li
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Manisha Manojkumar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard D Bunker
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Monte Rosa Therapeutics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katherine A Donovan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quinlan L Sievers
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas Koeppel
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dakota Suchyta
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adam S Sperling
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma C Fink
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica A Gasser
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li R Wang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven M Corsello
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rob S Sellar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Max Jan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Claudia Scholl
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric S Fischer
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas H Thomä
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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22
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Alam J, Sharma L. Potential Enzymatic Targets in Alzheimer's: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:316-339. [PMID: 30124150 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180820104723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's, a degenerative cause of the brain cells, is called as a progressive neurodegenerative disease and appears to have a heterogeneous etiology with main emphasis on amyloid-cascade and hyperphosphorylated tau-cascade hypotheses, that are directly linked with macromolecules called enzymes such as β- & γ-secretases, colinesterases, transglutaminases, and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3), cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk-5), microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (MARK). The catalytic activity of the above enzymes is the result of cognitive deficits, memory impairment and synaptic dysfunction and loss, and ultimately neuronal death. However, some other enzymes also lead to these dysfunctional events when reduced to their normal activities and levels in the brain, such as α- secretase, protein kinase C, phosphatases etc; metabolized to neurotransmitters, enzymes like monoamine oxidase (MAO), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) etc. or these abnormalities can occur when enzymes act by other mechanisms such as phosphodiesterase reduces brain nucleotides (cGMP and cAMP) levels, phospholipase A2: PLA2 is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production etc. On therapeutic fronts, several significant clinical trials are underway by targeting different enzymes for development of new therapeutics to treat Alzheimer's, such as inhibitors for β-secretase, GSK-3, MAO, phosphodiesterase, PLA2, cholinesterases etc, modulators of α- & γ-secretase activities and activators for protein kinase C, sirtuins etc. The last decades have perceived an increasing focus on findings and search for new putative and novel enzymatic targets for Alzheimer's. Here, we review the functions, pathological roles, and worth of almost all the Alzheimer's associated enzymes that address to therapeutic strategies and preventive approaches for treatment of Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Alam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P., Pin 173229, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P., Pin 173229, India
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23
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Lin YC, Chen MC, Hsieh TH, Liou JP, Chen CH. CK1δ as a potential therapeutic target to treat bladder cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5764-5780. [PMID: 32282334 PMCID: PMC7185098 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy in the world. However, only immune-checkpoint inhibitors and erdafitinib are available to treat advanced bladder cancer. Our previous study reported that 4-((4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl) phenyl)amino)-N-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-7H-pyrrolo-[2, 3-d]pyrimidine-7-carboxamide hydrochloride (13i HCl) is a potent CK1δ inhibitor showing significant anti-bladder cancer activity. In this study, we elucidated the pharmacological mechanisms underlying 13i HCl’s inhibition of human bladder cancer. Our results demonstrate that expression of the CSNK1D gene, which codes for CK1δ, is upregulated in superficial and infiltrating bladder cancer patients in two independent datasets. CK1δ knockdown decreased β-catenin expression in bladder cancer cells and inhibited their growth. Additionally, 13i HCl suppressed bladder cancer cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. We also observed that inhibition of CK1δ using 13i HCl or PF-670462 triggers necroptosis in bladder cancer cells. Finally, 13i HCl inhibited bladder cancer cell migration and reversed their mesenchymal characteristics. These findings suggest further development of 13i HCl as a potential therapeutic agent to treat bladder cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Meng T, Qin QP, Chen ZL, Zou HH, Wang K, Liang FP. Cyclometalated Ir(III)-8-oxychinolin complexes acting as red-colored probes for specific mitochondrial imaging and anticancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112192. [PMID: 32146374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new class of luminescent IrIII antitumor agents, namely, [Ir(CP1)(PY1)2] (Ir-1), [Ir(CP1)(PY2)2] (Ir-2), [Ir(CP1)(PY4)2] (Ir-3), [Ir(CP2)(PY1)2] (Ir-4), [Ir(CP2)(PY4)2] (Ir-5), [Ir(CP3)(PY1)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-6), [Ir(CP4)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-7), [Ir(CP5)(PY2)2] (Ir-8), [Ir(CP5)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-9), [Ir(CP6)(PY1)2] (Ir-10), [Ir(CP6)(PY2)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-11), [Ir(CP6)(PY3)2] (Ir-12), [Ir(CP6)(PY41)2] (Ir-13), and [Ir(CP7)(PY1)2] (Ir-14), supported by 8-oxychinolin derivatives and 1-phenylpyrazole ligands was prepared. Compared with SK-OV-3/DDP and HL-7702 cells, the Ir-1-Ir-14 compounds exhibited half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values within the high nanomolar range (50 nM-10.99 μM) in HeLa cells. In addition, Ir-1 and Ir-3 accumulated and stained the mitochondrial inner membrane of HeLa cells with high selectivity and exhibited a high antineoplastic activity in the entire cervical HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 1.22 ± 0.36 μM and 0.05 ± 0.04 μM, respectively. This phenomenon induced mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that these cyclometalated IrIII complexes can be potentially used in biomedical imaging and Ir(III)-based anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the high cytotoxicity activity of Ir-3 is correlated with the 1-phenylpyrazole (H-PY4) secondary ligands in the luminescent IrIII antitumor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China.
| | - Zi-Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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25
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A Small Compound Targeting Prohibitin with Potential Interest for Cognitive Deficit Rescue in Aging mice and Tau Pathology Treatment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1143. [PMID: 31980673 PMCID: PMC6981120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, are characterized by increased protein aggregation in the brain, progressive neuronal loss, increased inflammation, and neurogenesis impairment. We analyzed the effects of a new purine derivative drug, PDD005, in attenuating mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, using both in vivo and in vitro models. We show that PDD005 is distributed to the brain and can rescue cognitive deficits associated with aging in mice. Treatment with PDD005 prevents impairment of neurogenesis by increasing sex-determining region Y-box 2, nestin, and also enhances synaptic function through upregulation of synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95. PDD005 treatment also reduced neuro-inflammation by decreasing interleukin-1β expression, activation of astrocytes, and microglia. We identified prohibitin as a potential target in mediating the therapeutic effects of PDD005 for the treatment of cognitive deficit in aging mice. Additionally, in the current study, glycogen synthase kinase appears to attenuate tau pathology.
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26
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Qin QP, Wang ZF, Huang XL, Tan MX, Zou BQ, Liang H. Strong in vitro and vivo cytotoxicity of novel organoplatinum(II) complexes with quinoline-coumarin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Small molecule modulators targeting protein kinase CK1 and CK2. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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28
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Zhang Q, Hu X, Wan G, Wang J, Li L, Wu X, Liu Z, Yu L. Discovery of 3-(((9H-purin-6-yl)amino)methyl)-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives as novel tubulin polymerization inhibitors for treatment of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111728. [PMID: 31610375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A new series of 3-(((9H-purin-6-yl)amino)methyl)-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and demonstrated to act as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. These new derivatives showed significant antitumor activities, among which SKLB0533 demonstrated to be the most potent compound, with IC50 values ranging from 44.5 to 135.5 nM against seven colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cell lines. Remarkably, SKLB0533 exhibited no activity against other potential targets, such as 420 kinases and EZH2. Besides, SKLB0533 inhibited tubulin polymerization, arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Furthermore, SKLB0533 suppressed tumour growth in the HCT116 xenograft model without inducing notable major organ-related toxicity, suggesting that SKLB0533 could be used as a promising lead compound for the development of new antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guoquan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiuli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Luoting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 17#3rd Section, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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29
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Inhibition of casein kinase 1δ/εimproves cognitive-affective behavior and reduces amyloid load in the APP-PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13743. [PMID: 31551449 PMCID: PMC6760153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disruption is one of the earliest biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and there exists a bidirectional relationship by which dysfunctions in the circadian clock drive AD pathology and AD pathology drives circadian dysfunction. Casein kinase 1 (CK1) isoforms ε and δ, key circadian regulators, are significantly upregulated in AD and may contribute to AD pathogenesis. In the current studies, we have examined how inhibition of CK1ε/δ with PF-670462 (at 10 mg/kg, δ isoform selective, or 30 mg/kg, δ and ε selective) impacts regional Aβ and circadian gene expression in 10–13 month old APP-PS1 mice and nontransgenic controls. We have also assessed circadian, cognitive, and affective behavioral correlates of these neural changes. At baseline, APP-PS1 mice showed a short period, as well as impaired cognitive performance in both prefrontal cortex and hippocampus-dependent tasks. Both doses of PF-670462 lengthened the period and improved affect, whereas only the higher dose improved cognition. Further, PF-670462 treatment produced a dose-dependent reduction in amyloid burden – overall Aβ signal decreased in all three areas; in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, PF-670462 also reduced plaque size. Together, these findings support chronotherapy as a potential tool to improve behavior in AD.
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30
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Xu P, Ianes C, Gärtner F, Liu C, Burster T, Bakulev V, Rachidi N, Knippschild U, Bischof J. Structure, regulation, and (patho-)physiological functions of the stress-induced protein kinase CK1 delta (CSNK1D). Gene 2019; 715:144005. [PMID: 31376410 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Members of the highly conserved pleiotropic CK1 family of serine/threonine-specific kinases are tightly regulated in the cell and play crucial regulatory roles in multiple cellular processes from protozoa to human. Since their dysregulation as well as mutations within their coding regions contribute to the development of various different pathologies, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, they have become interesting new drug targets within the last decade. However, to develop optimized CK1 isoform-specific therapeutics in personalized therapy concepts, a detailed knowledge of the regulation and functions of the different CK1 isoforms, their various splice variants and orthologs is mandatory. In this review we will focus on the stress-induced CK1 isoform delta (CK1δ), thereby addressing its regulation, physiological functions, the consequences of its deregulation for the development and progression of diseases, and its potential as therapeutic drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Chiara Ianes
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Fabian Gärtner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Congxing Liu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Timo Burster
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Nur-Sultan 020000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Vasiliy Bakulev
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Eltsin, Technology for Organic Synthesis Laboratory, 19 Mirastr., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - Najma Rachidi
- Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U1201, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Joachim Bischof
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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31
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Moret N, Clark NA, Hafner M, Wang Y, Lounkine E, Medvedovic M, Wang J, Gray N, Jenkins J, Sorger PK. Cheminformatics Tools for Analyzing and Designing Optimized Small-Molecule Collections and Libraries. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:765-777.e3. [PMID: 30956147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Libraries of well-annotated small molecules have many uses in chemical genetics, drug discovery, and therapeutic repurposing. Multiple libraries are available, but few data-driven approaches exist to compare them and design new libraries. We describe an approach to scoring and creating libraries based on binding selectivity, target coverage, and induced cellular phenotypes as well as chemical structure, stage of clinical development, and user preference. The approach, available via the online tool http://www.smallmoleculesuite.org, assembles sets of compounds with the lowest possible off-target overlap. Analysis of six kinase inhibitor libraries using our approach reveals dramatic differences among them and led us to design a new LSP-OptimalKinase library that outperforms existing collections in target coverage and compact size. We also describe a mechanism of action library that optimally covers 1,852 targets in the liganded genome. Our tools facilitate creation, analysis, and updates of both private and public compound collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Moret
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas A Clark
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Marc Hafner
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eugen Lounkine
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 360 Longwood Avenue, Longwood Center 2209, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathanael Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 360 Longwood Avenue, Longwood Center 2209, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeremy Jenkins
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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32
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Jorda R, Havlíček L, Šturc A, Tušková D, Daumová L, Alam M, Škerlová J, Nekardová M, Peřina M, Pospíšil T, Široká J, Urbánek L, Pachl P, Řezáčová P, Strnad M, Klener P, Kryštof V. 3,5,7-Substituted Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases and Their Evaluation in Lymphoma Models. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4606-4623. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radek Jorda
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Havlíček
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Šturc
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Tušková
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Daumová
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mahmudul Alam
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Škerlová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Nekardová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Peřina
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pospíšil
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Široká
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lubor Urbánek
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pachl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Řezáčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Klener
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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33
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Rubenstein R, Sharma DR, Chang B, Oumata N, Cam M, Vaucelle L, Lindberg MF, Chiu A, Wisniewski T, Wang KKW, Meijer L. Novel Mouse Tauopathy Model for Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Evaluation of Long-Term Effects on Cognition and Biomarker Levels After Therapeutic Inhibition of Tau Phosphorylation. Front Neurol 2019; 10:124. [PMID: 30915013 PMCID: PMC6421297 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for a group of neurodegenerative diseases termed tauopathies, which includes Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Although TBI is stratified by impact severity as either mild (m), moderate or severe, mTBI is the most common and the most difficult to diagnose. Tauopathies are pathologically related by the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau) and increased total tau (T-tau). Here we describe: (i) a novel human tau-expressing transgenic mouse model, TghTau/PS1, to study repetitive mild closed head injury (rmCHI), (ii) quantitative comparison of T-tau and P-tau from brain and plasma in TghTau/PS1 mice over a 12 month period following rmCHI (and sham), (iii) the usefulness of P-tau as an early- and late-stage blood-based biochemical biomarker for rmCHI, (iii) the influence of kinase-targeted therapeutic intervention on rmCHI-associated cognitive deficits using a combination of lithium chloride (LiCl) and R-roscovitine (ros), and (iv) correlation of behavioral and cognitive changes with concentrations of the brain and blood-based T-tau and P-tau. Compared to sham-treated mice, behavior changes and cognitive deficits of rmCHI-treated TghTau/PS1 mice correlated with increases in both cortex and plasma T-tau and P-tau levels over 12 months. In addition, T-tau, but more predominantly P-tau, levels were significantly reduced in the cortex and plasma by LiCl + ros approaching the biomarker levels in sham and drug-treated sham mice (the drugs had only modest effects on the T-tau and P-tau levels in sham mice) throughout the 12 month study period. Furthermore, although we also observed a reversal of the abnormal behavior and cognitive deficits in the drug-treated rmCHI mice (compared to the untreated rmCHI mice) throughout the time course, these drug-treated effects were most pronounced up until 10 and 12 months where the abnormal behavior and cognition deficits began to gradually increase. These studies describe: (a) a translational relevant animal model for TBI-linked tauopathies, and (b) utilization of T-tau and P-tau as rmCHI biomarkers in plasma to monitor novel therapeutic strategies and treatment regimens for these neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rubenstein
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Deep R Sharma
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Binggong Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Nassima Oumata
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Morgane Cam
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Lise Vaucelle
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Allen Chiu
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and CNS Biomarker Discovery, Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology and Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
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Jorda R, Hendrychová D, Voller J, Řezníčková E, Gucký T, Kryštof V. How Selective Are Pharmacological Inhibitors of Cell-Cycle-Regulating Cyclin-Dependent Kinases? J Med Chem 2018; 61:9105-9120. [PMID: 30234987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are an important and emerging class of drug targets for which many small-molecule inhibitors have been developed. However, there is often insufficient data available on the selectivity of CDK inhibitors (CDKi) to attribute the effects on the presumed target CDK to these inhibitors. Here, we highlight discrepancies between the kinase selectivity of CDKi and the phenotype exhibited; we evaluated 31 CDKi (claimed to target CDK1-4) for activity toward CDKs 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 and for effects on the cell cycle. Our results suggest that most CDKi should be reclassified as pan-selective and should not be used as a tool. In addition, some compounds did not even inhibit CDKs as their primary cellular targets; for example, NU6140 showed potent inhibition of Aurora kinases. We also established an online database of commercially available CDKi for critical evaluation of their utility as molecular probes. Our results should help researchers select the most relevant chemical tools for their specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Jorda
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Hendrychová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Voller
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Gucký
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research , Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR , Šlechtitelů 27 , 78371 Olomouc , Czech Republic
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Abstract
Inhibition of CDKs is an attractive approach to cancer therapy due to their vital role in cell growth and transcription. Pan-CDK inhibitors have shown some clinical benefit, and trials are ongoing. Selective CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors have been licensed for the treatment of hormone responsive, RB-positive breast cancer in combination with antihormonal agents. Selective inhibitors of CDKs 5, 7, 8, 9 and 12 have been identified across a range of chemotypes.
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36
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Monastyrskyi A, Nilchan N, Quereda V, Noguchi Y, Ruiz C, Grant W, Cameron M, Duckett D, Roush W. Development of dual casein kinase 1δ/1ε (CK1δ/ε) inhibitors for treatment of breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:590-602. [PMID: 29289448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Casein kinase 1δ/ε have been identified as promising therapeutic target for oncology application, including breast and brain cancer. Here, we described our continued efforts in optimization of a lead series of purine scaffold inhibitors that led to identification of two new CK1δ/ε inhibitors 17 and 28 displaying low nanomolar values in antiproliferative assays against the human MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cell line and have physical, in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties suitable for use in proof of principle animal xenograft studies against human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Monastyrskyi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Napon Nilchan
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Victor Quereda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Yoshihiko Noguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Claudia Ruiz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Wayne Grant
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Michael Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - Derek Duckett
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
| | - William Roush
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States.
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Krajčovičová S, Gucký T, Hendrychová D, Kryštof V, Soural M. A Stepwise Approach for the Synthesis of Folic Acid Conjugates with Protein Kinase Inhibitors. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13530-13541. [PMID: 29171753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an alternative synthetic approach for selected 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine CDK inhibitor conjugates with folic acid as a drug-delivery system targeting folate receptors. In contrast to the previously reported approaches, the desired conjugates were constructed stepwise using solid-phase synthesis starting from immobilized primary amines. The ability of the prepared conjugates to release the free drug was verified using dithiothreitol (DTT) and glutathione (GSH) as liberating agents. Finally, binding to the folate receptor (FOLR1) overexpressed in a cancer cell line was measured by flow cytometry using a fluorescent imaging probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Krajčovičová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University , Tr. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Gucký
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR , Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Hendrychová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR , Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR , Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Soural
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University , Hněvotínská 5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Myrianthopoulos V, Lozach O, Zareifi D, Alexopoulos L, Meijer L, Gorgoulis VG, Mikros E. Combined Virtual and Experimental Screening for CK1 Inhibitors Identifies a Modulator of p53 and Reveals Important Aspects of in Silico Screening Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102102. [PMID: 28984824 PMCID: PMC5666784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A compound collection of pronounced structural diversity was comprehensively screened for inhibitors of the DNA damage-related kinase CK1. The collection was evaluated in vitro. A potent and selective CK1 inhibitor was discovered and its capacity to modulate the endogenous levels of the CK1-regulated tumor suppressor p53 was demonstrated in cancer cell lines. Administration of 10 μM of the compound resulted in significant increase of p53 levels, reaching almost 2-fold in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In parallel to experimental screening, two representative and orthogonal in silico screening methodologies were implemented for enabling the retrospective assessment of virtual screening performance on a case-specific basis. Results showed that both techniques performed at an acceptable and fairly comparable level, with a slight advantage of the structure-based over the ligand-based approach. However, both approaches demonstrated notable sensitivity upon parameters such as screening template choice and treatment of redundancy in the enumerated compound collection. An effort to combine insight derived by sequential implementation of the two methods afforded poor further improvement of screening performance. Overall, the presented assessment highlights the relation between improper use of enrichment metrics and misleading results, and demonstrates the inherent delicacy of in silico methods, emphasizing the challenging character of virtual screening protocol optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Lozach
- Protein Phosphorylation & Human Disease Group, Station Biologique, B. P. 74, CEDEX 29682 Roscoff, Bretagne, France.
| | | | - Leonidas Alexopoulos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, Roscoff, 29680 Bretagne, France.
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
- Faculty Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9NT Manchester, UK.
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece.
- "Athena" Research and Innovation Center, 15125 Athens, Greece.
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Tutone M, Almerico AM. Recent advances on CDK inhibitors: An insight by means of in silico methods. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:300-315. [PMID: 28802482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are a small family of serine/threonine protein kinases that can act as a potential therapeutic target in several proliferative diseases, including cancer. This short review is a survey on the more recent research progresses in the field achieved by using in silico methods. All the "armamentarium" available to the medicinal chemists (docking protocols and molecular dynamics, fragment-based, de novo design, virtual screening, and QSAR) has been employed to the discovery of new, potent, and selective inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases. The results cited herein can be useful to understand the nature of the inhibitor-target interactions, and furnish an insight on the structural/molecular requirements necessary to achieve the required selectivity against cyclin dependent kinases over other types of kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tutone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Almerico
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
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40
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Abstract
L-type calcium channel CaV1.2 plays an essential role in cardiac function. The gain-of-function mutations in CaV1.2 have been reported to be associated with Timothy syndrome, a disease characterized by QT prolongation and syndactyly. Previously we demonstrated that roscovitine, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, could rescue the phenotypes in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from Timothy syndrome patients. However, exactly how roscovitine rescued the phenotypes remained unclear. Here we report a mechanism potentially underlying the therapeutic effects of roscovitine on Timothy syndrome cardiomyocytes. Our results using roscovitine analogs and CDK inhibitors and constructs demonstrated that roscovitine exhibits its therapeutic effects in part by inhibiting CDK5. The outcomes of this study allowed us to identify a molecular mechanism whereby CaV1.2 channels are regulated by CDK5. This study provides insights into the regulation of cardiac calcium channels and the development of future therapeutics for Timothy syndrome patients. CDK5 Inhibition alleviates the phenotypes in Timothy syndrome cardiomyocytes CDK5 regulates the functions of CaV1.2 channels in cardiomyocytes
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41
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Erdő F, Nagy I, Tóth B, Bui A, Molnár É, Tímár Z, Magnan R, Krajcsi P. Abcb1a (P-glycoprotein) limits brain exposure of the anticancer drug candidate seliciclib in vivo in adult mice. Brain Res Bull 2017. [PMID: 28629814 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Seliciclib displayed limited brain exposure in vivo in adult rats with mature blood-brain barrier (BBB). Selicilib was shown to be a specific substrate of human ABCB1 in vitro. To demonstrate that ABCB1/Abcb1 can limit brain exposure in vivo in mice we are showing that seliciclib is a substrate of mouse Abcb1a, the murine ABCB1 ortholog expressed in the BBB as LLC-PK-Abcb1a cells displayed an efflux ratio (ER) of 15.31±3.54 versus an ER of 1.44±0.10 in LLC-PK1-mock cells. Additionally, in the presence of LY335979, an ABCB1/Abcb1a specific inhibitor, the observed ER for seliciclib in the LLC-PK1-mMdr1a cells decreased to 1.05±0.25. To demonstrate in vivo relevance of seliciclib transport by Abcb1a mouse brain microdialysis experiments were carried out that showed that the AUCbrain/AUCblood ratio of 0.143 in anesthetized mice increased about two-fold to 0.279 in the presence of PSC833 another ABCB1/Abcb1a specific inhibitor. PSC833 also increased the brain exposure (AUCbrain) of seliciclib close to 2-fold (136 vs 242) in awake mice. In sum, Abcb1a significantly decreases seliciclib permeability in vitro and is partly responsible for limited brain exposure of seliciclib in vivo in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciska Erdő
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Középfasor 52, Szeged, 6726 Hungary; Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter utca 50/a, Budapest, 1083 Hungary
| | - Ildikó Nagy
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Gyár u. 2, Budaörs, 2040 Hungary
| | - Beáta Tóth
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Gyár u. 2, Budaörs, 2040 Hungary
| | - Annamária Bui
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Gyár u. 2, Budaörs, 2040 Hungary
| | - Éva Molnár
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Középfasor 52, Szeged, 6726 Hungary
| | - Zoltán Tímár
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Középfasor 52, Szeged, 6726 Hungary
| | - Rémi Magnan
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Gyár u. 2, Budaörs, 2040 Hungary
| | - Peter Krajcsi
- SOLVO Biotechnology, Gyár u. 2, Budaörs, 2040 Hungary.
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Squarcialupi L, Betti M, Catarzi D, Varano F, Falsini M, Ravani A, Pasquini S, Vincenzi F, Salmaso V, Sturlese M, Varani K, Moro S, Colotta V. The role of 5-arylalkylamino- and 5-piperazino- moieties on the 7-aminopyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine core in affecting adenosine A 1 and A 2A receptor affinity and selectivity profiles. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:248-263. [PMID: 28114825 PMCID: PMC6009979 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1247060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New 7-amino-2-phenylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, substituted at the 5-position with aryl(alkyl)amino- and 4-substituted-piperazin-1-yl- moieties, were synthesized with the aim of targeting human (h) adenosine A1 and/or A2A receptor subtypes. On the whole, the novel derivatives 1–24 shared scarce or no affinities for the off-target hA2B and hA3 ARs. The 5-(4-hydroxyphenethylamino)- derivative 12 showed both good affinity (Ki = 150 nM) and the best selectivity for the hA2A AR while the 5-benzylamino-substituted 5 displayed the best combined hA2A (Ki = 123 nM) and A1 AR affinity (Ki = 25 nM). The 5-phenethylamino moiety (compound 6) achieved nanomolar affinity (Ki = 11 nM) and good selectivity for the hA1 AR. The 5-(N4-substituted-piperazin-1-yl) derivatives 15–24 bind the hA1 AR subtype with affinities falling in the high nanomolar range. A structure-based molecular modeling study was conducted to rationalize the experimental binding data from a molecular point of view using both molecular docking studies and Interaction Energy Fingerprints (IEFs) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Squarcialupi
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Marco Betti
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Matteo Falsini
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Annalisa Ravani
- b Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia , Università di Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Silvia Pasquini
- b Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia , Università di Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- b Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia , Università di Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Veronica Salmaso
- c Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Mattia Sturlese
- c Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- b Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia , Università di Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- c Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- a Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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Fielder E, von Zglinicki T, Jurk D. The DNA Damage Response in Neurons: Die by Apoptosis or Survive in a Senescence-Like State? J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:S107-S131. [PMID: 28436392 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are exposed to high levels of DNA damage from both physiological and pathological sources. Neurons are post-mitotic and their loss cannot be easily recovered from; to cope with DNA damage a complex pathway called the DNA damage response (DDR) has evolved. This recognizes the damage, and through kinases such as ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) recruits and activates downstream factors that mediate either apoptosis or survival. This choice between these opposing outcomes integrates many inputs primarily through a number of key cross-road proteins, including ATM, p53, and p21. Evidence of re-entry into the cell-cycle by neurons can be seen in aging and diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. This aberrant cell-cycle re-entry is lethal and can lead to the apoptotic death of the neuron. Many downstream factors of the DDR promote cell-cycle arrest in response to damage and appear to protect neurons from apoptotic death. However, neurons surviving with a persistently activated DDR show all the features known from cell senescence; including metabolic dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the hyper-production of pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory and matrix-remodeling factors. These cells, termed senescence-like neurons, can negatively influence the extracellular environment and may promote induction of the same phenotype in surrounding cells, as well as driving aging and age-related diseases. Recently developed interventions targeting the DDR and/or the senescent phenotype in a range of non-neuronal tissues are being reviewed as they might become of therapeutic interest in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Fielder
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Diana Jurk
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Exploration of the imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine scaffold as a protein kinase inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:696-709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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45
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Shi Y, Park J, Lagisetti C, Zhou W, Sambucetti LC, Webb TR. A triple exon-skipping luciferase reporter assay identifies a new CLK inhibitor pharmacophore. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:406-412. [PMID: 28049589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The splicing of pre-mRNA is a critical process in normal cells and is deregulated in cancer. Compounds that modulate this process have recently been shown to target a specific vulnerability in tumors. We have developed a novel cell-based assay that specifically activates luciferase in cells exposed to SF3B1 targeted compounds, such as sudemycin D6. This assay was used to screen a combined collection of approved drugs and bioactive compounds. This screening approach identified several active hits, the most potent of which were CGP-74514A and aminopurvalanol A, both have been reported to be cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitors. We found that these compounds, and their analogs, show significant cdc2-like kinase (CLK) inhibition and clear structure-activity relationships (SAR) at CLKs. We prepared a set of analogs and were able to 'dial out' the CDK activity and simultaneously developed CLK inhibitors with low nanomolar activity. Thus, we have demonstrated the utility of our exon-skipping assay and identified new molecules that exhibit potency and selectivity for CLK, as well as some structurally related dual CLK/CDK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Shi
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jaehyeon Park
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Chandraiah Lagisetti
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Lidia C Sambucetti
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas R Webb
- Division of Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
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Dong K, Wang X, Yang X, Zhu X. Binding mechanism of CDK5 with roscovitine derivatives based on molecular dynamics simulations and MM/PBSA methods. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 68:57-67. [PMID: 27371933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Roscovitine derivatives are potent inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), but they exhibit different activities, which has not been understood clearly up to now. On the other hand, the task of drug design is difficult because of the fuzzy binding mechanism. In this context, the methods of molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and binding free energy analysis are applied to investigate and reveal the detailed binding mechanism of four roscovitine derivatives with CDK5. The electrostatic and van der Waals interactions of the four inhibitors with CDK5 are analyzed and discussed. The calculated binding free energies in terms of MM-PBSA method are consistent with experimental ranking of inhibitor effectiveness for the four inhibitors. The hydrogen bonds of the inhibitors with Cys83 and Lys33 can stabilize the inhibitors in binding sites. The van der Waals interactions, especially the pivotal contacts with Ile10 and Leu133 have larger contributions to the binding free energy and play critical roles in distinguishing the variant bioactivity of four inhibitors. In terms of binding mechanism of the four inhibitors with CDK5 and energy contribution of fragments of each inhibitor, two new CDK5 inhibitors are designed and have stronger inhibitory potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Fan Z, Ni J, Zhang A. Meta-Selective CAr–H Nitration of Arenes through a Ru3(CO)12-Catalyzed Ortho-Metalation Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8470-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulong Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiabin Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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48
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From Drug Screening to Target Deconvolution: a Target-Based Drug Discovery Pipeline Using Leishmania Casein Kinase 1 Isoform 2 To Identify Compounds with Antileishmanial Activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:2822-33. [PMID: 26902771 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00021-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing therapies for leishmaniases present significant limitations, such as toxic side effects, and are rendered inefficient by parasite resistance. It is of utmost importance to develop novel drugs targeting Leishmania that take these two limitations into consideration. We thus chose a target-based approach using an exoprotein kinase, Leishmania casein kinase 1.2 (LmCK1.2) that was recently shown to be essential for intracellular parasite survival and infectivity. We developed a four-step pipeline to identify novel selective antileishmanial compounds. In step 1, we screened 5,018 compounds from kinase-biased libraries with Leishmania and mammalian CK1 in order to identify hit compounds and assess their specificity. For step 2, we selected 88 compounds among those with the lowest 50% inhibitory concentration to test their biological activity on host-free parasites using a resazurin reduction assay and on intramacrophagic amastigotes using a high content phenotypic assay. Only 75 compounds showed antileishmanial activity and were retained for step 3 to evaluate their toxicity against mouse macrophages and human cell lines. The four compounds that displayed a selectivity index above 10 were then assessed for their affinity to LmCK1.2 using a target deconvolution strategy in step 4. Finally, we retained two compounds, PP2 and compound 42, for which LmCK1.2 seems to be the primary target. Using this four-step pipeline, we identify from several thousand molecules, two lead compounds with a selective antileishmanial activity.
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Recent advances in the identification of Tat-mediated transactivation inhibitors: progressing toward a functional cure of HIV. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:421-42. [PMID: 26933891 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.16.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current anti-HIV combination therapy does not eradicate the virus that persists mainly in quiescent infected CD4(+) T cells as a latent integrated provirus that resumes after therapy interruption. The Tat-mediated transactivation (TMT) is a critical step in the HIV replication cycle that could give the opportunity to reduce the size of latent reservoirs. More than two decades of research led to the identification of various TMT inhibitors. While none of them met the criteria to reach the market, the search for a suitable TMT inhibitor is still actively pursued. Really promising compounds, including one in a Phase III clinical trial, have been recently identified, thus warranting an update.
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50
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Vymětalová L, Havlíček L, Šturc A, Skrášková Z, Jorda R, Pospíšil T, Strnad M, Kryštof V. 5-Substituted 3-isopropyl-7-[4-(2-pyridyl)benzyl]amino-1(2)H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidines with anti-proliferative activity as potent and selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 110:291-301. [PMID: 26851505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5-substituted 3-isopropyl-7-[4-(2-pyridyl)benzyl]amino-1(2)H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibition activity. The most potent compounds contained various hydroxyalkylamines at the 5 position and possessed low nanomolar IC50 values for CDK2 and CDK5. Preliminary profiling of one of the most active compounds on a panel of 50 protein kinases revealed its high selectivity for CDKs. The compounds arrested cells in S and G2/M phases, and induced apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. Significant dephosphorylation of the C-terminus of RNA polymerase II and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), well-established substrates of CDKs, has been found in treated cells. Cleavage of PARP-1, down-regulation of Mcl-1 and activation of caspases correlated well with CDK inhibition and confirmed apoptosis as the primary type of cell death induced in cancer cells treated with the compounds in vitro. A comparison of known purine-based CDK inhibitor CR8 with its pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine bioisosteres confirmed that the novel compounds are more potent in cellular assays than purines. Therefore, pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine may emerge as a novel scaffold in medicinal chemistry and as a source of potent CDK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislava Vymětalová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Havlíček
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Šturc
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Skrášková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Jorda
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pospíšil
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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