1
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Bijian K, Wernic D, Nivedha AK, Su J, Lim FPL, Miron CE, Amzil H, Moitessier N, Alaoui-Jamali MA. Novel Aurora A and Protein Kinase C (α, β1, β2, and θ) Multitarget Inhibitors: Impact of Selenium Atoms on the Potency and Selectivity. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3134-3150. [PMID: 35167283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aurora kinases and protein kinase C (PKC) have been shown to be involved in different aspects of cancer progression. To date, no dual Aurora/PKC inhibitor with clinical efficacy and low toxicity is available. Here, we report the identification of compound 2e as a potent small molecule capable of selectively inhibiting Aurora A kinase and PKC isoforms α, β1, β2 and θ. Compound 2e demonstrated significant inhibition of the colony forming ability of metastatic breast cancer cells in vitro and metastasis development in vivo. In vitro kinase screening and molecular modeling studies revealed the critical role of the selenium-containing side chains within 2e, where selenium atoms were shown to significantly improve its selectivity and potency by forming additional interactions and modulating the protein dynamics. In comparison to other H-bonding heteroatoms such as sulfur, our studies suggested that these selenium atoms also confer more favorable PK properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krikor Bijian
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dominik Wernic
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Anita K Nivedha
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada.,Molecular Forecaster, 7171 rue Frederick Banting, Saint Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Caitlin E Miron
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Hind Amzil
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Nicolas Moitessier
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
- Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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2
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Kumar A, Kumar P. Identification of good and bad fragments of tricyclic triazinone analogues as potential PKC-θ inhibitors through SMILES–based QSAR and molecular docking. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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3
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Bialkowska K, Sossey-Alaoui K, Pluskota E, Izem L, Qin J, Plow EF. Site-specific phosphorylation regulates the functions of kindlin-3 in a variety of cells. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/3/e201900594. [PMID: 32024667 PMCID: PMC7010036 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of isolated cells, mice, and humans have demonstrated the vital role of the FERM domain protein kindlin-3 in integrin activation in certain hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, consequent to binding to integrin β-subunits. To explore regulatory mechanisms, we developed a monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes the phosphorylated form of Ser484 (pS484) in kindlin-3. Activation of platelets, HEL megakaryocytic-like cells and BT549 breast cancer cells led to enhanced expression of pS484 as assessed by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. In platelets, pS484 rose rapidly and transiently upon stimulation. When a mutant form of kindlin-3, T482S484/AA kindlin-3, was transduced into mouse megakaryocytes, it failed to support activation of integrin αIIbβ3, whereas wild-type kindlin-3 did. In MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, expression of T482S484/AA kindlin-3 suppressed cell spreading, migration, invasion, and VEGF production. Wild-type kindlin-3 expressing cells markedly increased tumor growth in vivo, whereas T482S484/AA kindlin-3 significantly blunted tumor progression. Thus, our data establish that a unique phosphorylation event in kindlin-3 regulates its cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bialkowska
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Khalid Sossey-Alaoui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elzbieta Pluskota
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lahoucine Izem
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Edward F Plow
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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4
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Wang P, Lu P, Qu X, Shen Y, Zeng H, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Li X, Wu H, Xu J, Lu H, Ma Z, Zhu H. Reactivation of HIV-1 from Latency by an Ingenol Derivative from Euphorbia Kansui. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9451. [PMID: 28842560 PMCID: PMC5573388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells harboring latent HIV-1 pose a major obstacle to eradication of the virus. The ‘shock and kill’ strategy has been broadly explored to purge the latent reservoir; however, none of the current latency-reversing agents (LRAs) can safely and effectively activate the latent virus in patients. In this study, we report an ingenol derivative called EK-16A, isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Euphorbia kansui, which displays great potential in reactivating latent HIV-1. A comparison of the doses used to measure the potency indicated EK-16A to be 200-fold more potent than prostratin in reactivating HIV-1 from latently infected cell lines. EK-16A also outperformed prostratin in ex vivo studies on cells from HIV-1-infected individuals, while maintaining minimal cytotoxicity effects on cell viability and T cell activation. Furthermore, EK-16A exhibited synergy with other LRAs in reactivating latent HIV-1. Mechanistic studies indicated EK-16A to be a PKCγ activator, which promoted both HIV-1 transcription initiation by NF-κB and elongation by P-TEFb signal pathways. Further investigations aimed to add this compound to the therapeutic arsenal for HIV-1 eradication are in the pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Panpan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiying Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yinzhong Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hanxian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Huanzhang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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5
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Soliman EA, Panda SS, Aziz MN, Shalaby EM, Mishriky N, Asaad FM, Girgis AS. Synthesis, molecular modeling studies and bronchodilation properties of nicotinonitrile containing-compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:920-931. [PMID: 28753516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Facile synthetic pathway for nicotinonitriles 5a‒o, 7a‒i was demonstrated through reaction of ketones 4a‒k, 6a‒f with ylidenemalononitrile 3 in the presence of sodium alkoxide. Meanwhile, nucleophilic attack of amines on 2-bromonicotinonitrile 9 (obtained through reaction of propenone 8 with malononitrile, followed by bromination with bromine in acetic acid) afforded 3-pyridinecarbonitriles 11a‒d. Single crystal X-ray of compound 7i reveals the monoclinic space group C2/c with 8 molecules per unit cell. Optimized structure of 7i [DFT/B3LYP, 6-31G(d,p)] shows close correlations to that of X-ray study. Compound 5l seems superior among all the synthesized analogues exhibiting bronchodilation properties about three folds potency compared to theophylline (standard reference) through pre-contracted tracheal rings with histamine standard method. Also compound 5a reveals promising observations (about two folds potency of the standard reference). Molecular modeling studies (3D-pharmacophore and 2D-QSAR) supported the observed biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Soliman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Siva S Panda
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Marian N Aziz
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - ElSayed M Shalaby
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Physics Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Nawal Mishriky
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Fahmy M Asaad
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Adel S Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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6
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Katoh T, Tomata Y, Setoh M, Sasaki S, Takai T, Yoshitomi Y, Yukawa T, Nakagawa H, Fukumoto S, Tsukamoto T, Nakada Y. Practical application of 3-substituted-2,6-difluoropyridines in drug discovery: Facile synthesis of novel protein kinase C theta inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2497-2501. [PMID: 28400232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a facile preparation method of 3-substituted-2,6-difluoropyridines, which were easily converted to 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridines by nucleophilic aromatic substitution with good regioselectivity and yield. In this study, we demonstrate the synthetic utility of 3-substituted-2,6-difluoropyridines in drug discovery via their application in the synthesis of various 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridines, including macrocyclic derivatives, as novel protein kinase C theta inhibitors in a moderate to good yield. This synthetic approach is useful for the preparation of 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridines, which are a popular scaffold for drug candidates and biologically attractive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Katoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Yoshihide Tomata
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masaki Setoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Takai
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yayoi Yoshitomi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yukawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nakagawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Shoji Fukumoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nakada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraokahigashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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7
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van Eis MJ, Evenou J, Schuler W, Zenke G, Vangrevelinghe E, Wagner J, von Matt P. Indolyl-naphthyl-maleimides as potent and selective inhibitors of protein kinase C-α/β. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:781-786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Katoh T, Takai T, Yukawa T, Tsukamoto T, Watanabe E, Mototani H, Arita T, Hayashi H, Nakagawa H, Klein MG, Zou H, Sang BC, Snell G, Nakada Y. Discovery and optimization of 1,7-disubstituted-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones as potent and selective PKCθ inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2466-2475. [PMID: 27117263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A high-throughput screening campaign helped us to identify an initial lead compound (1) as a protein kinase C-θ (PKCθ) inhibitor. Using the docking model of compound 1 bound to PKCθ as a model, structure-based drug design was employed and two regions were identified that could be explored for further optimization, i.e., (a) a hydrophilic region around Thr442, unique to PKC family, in the inner part of the hinge region, and (b) a lipophilic region at the forefront of the ethyl moiety. Optimization of the hinge binder led us to find 1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one as a potent and selective hinge binder, which resulted in the discovery of compound 5. Filling the lipophilic region with a suitable lipophilic substituent boosted PKCθ inhibitory activity and led to the identification of compound 10. The co-crystal structure of compound 10 bound to PKCθ confirmed that both the hydrophilic and lipophilic regions were fully utilized. Further optimization of compound 10 led us to compound 14, which demonstrated an improved pharmacokinetic profile and inhibition of IL-2 production in a mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Katoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Takai
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yukawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Etsurou Watanabe
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mototani
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takeo Arita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nakagawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Michael G Klein
- Takeda California, 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hua Zou
- Takeda California, 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Bi-Ching Sang
- Takeda California, 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Gyorgy Snell
- Takeda California, 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Yoshihisa Nakada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, 26-1, Muraoka-higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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9
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Yu ZY, Xiao H, Wang LM, Shen X, Jing Y, Wang L, Sun WF, Zhang YF, Cui Y, Shan YJ, Zhou WB, Xing S, Xiong GL, Liu XL, Dong B, Feng JN, Wang LS, Luo QL, Zhao QS, Cong YW. Natural Product Vibsanin A Induces Differentiation of Myeloid Leukemia Cells through PKC Activation. Cancer Res 2016; 76:2698-709. [PMID: 26984756 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based cell differentiation therapy has been successful in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia, a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, other subtypes of AML display resistance to ATRA-based treatment. In this study, we screened natural, plant-derived vibsane-type diterpenoids for their ability to induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, discovering that vibsanin A potently induced differentiation of AML cell lines and primary blasts. The differentiation-inducing activity of vibsanin A was mediated through direct interaction with and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Consistent with these findings, pharmacological blockade of PKC activity suppressed vibsanin A-induced differentiation. Mechanistically, vibsanin A-mediated activation of PKC led to induction of the ERK pathway and decreased c-Myc expression. In mouse xenograft models of AML, vibsanin A administration prolonged host survival and inhibited PKC-mediated inflammatory responses correlated with promotion of skin tumors in mice. Collectively, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for vibsanin A as a myeloid differentiation-inducing compound, with potential application as an antileukemic agent. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2698-709. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Mei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Feng Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jun Shan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bing Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Lin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Nan Feng
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Liang Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Shi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
| | - Yu-Wen Cong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
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10
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Kawata J, Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto T, Ishimaru Y, Sakamoto A, Aoki M, Kitano M, Umehashi M, Hirose E, Yamaguchi Y. Human Neutrophil Elastase Induce Interleukin-10 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells through Protein Kinase C Theta/Delta and Phospholipase Pathways. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 17:692-700. [PMID: 26862528 PMCID: PMC4746419 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective Neutrophils have an important role in the rapid innate immune response,
and the release or active secretion of elastase from neutrophils is linked to various
inflammatory responses. Purpose of this study was to determine how the human
neutrophil elastase affects the interleukin-10 (IL-10) response in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMC).
Materials and Methods In this prospective study, changes in IL-10 messenger RNA
(mRNA) and protein expression levels in monocytes derived from human PBMCs
were investigated after stimulation with human neutrophil elastase (HNE). A set of
inhibitors was used for examining the pathways for IL-10 production induced by HNE.
Results Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that
stimulation with HNE upregulated IL-10 mRNA expression by monocytes, while the
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed an increase of IL-10 protein
level in the culture medium. A phospholipase C inhibitor (U73122) partially blunt-
ed the induction of IL-10 mRNA expression by HNE, while IL-10 mRNA expression
was significantly reduced by a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (Rottlerin). A calcium
chelator (3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino)octyl ester: TMB-8) inhibited
the response of IL-10 mRNA to stimulation by HNE. In addition, pretreatment with
a broad-spectrum PKC inhibitor (Ro-318425) partly blocked the response to HNE.
Finally, an inhibitor of PKC theta/delta abolished the increased level of IL-10 mRNA
expression.
Conclusion These results indicate that HNE mainly upregulates IL-10 mRNA ex-
pression and protein production in moncytes via a novel PKC theta/delta, although
partially via the conventional PKC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kawata
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Rui Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuji Ishimaru
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Arisa Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Aoki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kitano
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misako Umehashi
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiji Hirose
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
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11
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Lever RA, Hussain A, Sun BB, Sage SO, Harper AGS. Conventional protein kinase C isoforms differentially regulate ADP- and thrombin-evoked Ca²⁺ signalling in human platelets. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:577-88. [PMID: 26434503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rises in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]cyt) are central in platelet activation, yet many aspects of the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Most studies examine how experimental manipulations affect agonist-evoked rises in [Ca(2+)]cyt, but these only monitor the net effect of manipulations on the processes controlling [Ca(2+)]cyt (Ca(2+) buffering, sequestration, release, entry and removal), and cannot resolve the source of the Ca(2+) or the transporters or channels affected. To investigate the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) on platelet Ca(2+) signalling, we here monitor Ca(2+) flux around the platelet by measuring net Ca(2+) fluxes to or from the extracellular space and the intracellular Ca(2+) stores, which act as the major sources and sinks for Ca(2+) influx into and efflux from the cytosol, as well as monitoring the cytosolic Na(+) concentration ([Na(+)]cyt), which influences platelet Ca(2+) fluxes via Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange. The intracellular store Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]st) was monitored using Fluo-5N, the extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]ext) was monitored using Fluo-4 whilst [Ca(2+)]cyt and [Na(+)]cyt were monitored using Fura-2 and SFBI, respectively. PKC inhibition using Ro-31-8220 or bisindolylmaleimide I potentiated ADP- and thrombin-evoked rises in [Ca(2+)]cyt in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+). PKC inhibition potentiated ADP-evoked but reduced thrombin-evoked intracellular Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) removal into the extracellular medium. SERCA inhibition using thapsigargin and 2,5-di(tert-butyl) l,4-benzohydroquinone abolished the effect of PKC inhibitors on ADP-evoked changes in [Ca(2+)]cyt but only reduced the effect on thrombin-evoked responses. Thrombin evokes substantial rises in [Na(+)]cyt which would be expected to reduce Ca(2+) removal via the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX). Thrombin-evoked rises in [Na(+)]cyt were potentiated by PKC inhibition, an effect which was not due to altered changes in non-selective cation permeability of the plasma membrane as assessed by Mn(2+) quench of Fura-2 fluorescence. PKC inhibition was without effect on thrombin-evoked rises in [Ca(2+)]cyt following SERCA inhibition and either removal of extracellular Na(+) or inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity by removal of extracellular K(+) or treatment with digoxin. These data suggest that PKC limits ADP-evoked rises in [Ca(2+)]cyt by acceleration of SERCA activity, whilst rises in [Ca(2+)]cyt evoked by the stronger platelet activator thrombin are limited by PKC through acceleration of both SERCA and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity, with the latter limiting the effect of thrombin on rises in [Na(+)]cyt and so forward mode NCX activity. The use of selective PKC inhibitors indicated that conventional and not novel PKC isoforms are responsible for the inhibition of agonist-evoked Ca(2+) signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Lever
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Azhar Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin B Sun
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart O Sage
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Alan G S Harper
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom; Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, United Kingdom.
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12
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Kawata J, Aoki M, Ishimaru Y, Ono T, Sagara K, Narahara S, Matsmoto T, Hirose E, Yamaguchi Y. Mechanism of tissue factor production by monocytes stimulated with neutrophil elastase. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2015; 54:206-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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The protein kinase C agonist prostratin induces differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells and enhances cellular differentiation by chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Lett 2015; 356:686-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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George DM, Breinlinger EC, Argiriadi MA, Zhang Y, Wang J, Bansal-Pakala P, Duignan DB, Honore P, Lang Q, Mittelstadt S, Rundell L, Schwartz A, Sun J, Edmunds JJ. Optimized Protein Kinase Cθ (PKCθ) Inhibitors Reveal Only Modest Anti-inflammatory Efficacy in a Rodent Model of Arthritis. J Med Chem 2014; 58:333-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5013006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M. George
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Eric C. Breinlinger
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Maria A. Argiriadi
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Wang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Pratima Bansal-Pakala
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - David B. Duignan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Prisca Honore
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - QingYu Lang
- AbbVie China R&D Center, 5F, North Jin Chuang Building #1, 4560 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201201, P. R. China
| | - Scott Mittelstadt
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Lian Rundell
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Annette Schwartz
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Jiakang Sun
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Jeremy J. Edmunds
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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George DM, Breinlinger EC, Friedman M, Zhang Y, Wang J, Argiriadi M, Bansal-Pakala P, Barth M, Duignan DB, Honore P, Lang Q, Mittelstadt S, Potin D, Rundell L, Edmunds JJ. Discovery of Selective and Orally Bioavailable Protein Kinase Cθ (PKCθ) Inhibitors from a Fragment Hit. J Med Chem 2014; 58:222-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500669m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M. George
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Eric C. Breinlinger
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Michael Friedman
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Wang
- WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, P. R. China
| | - Maria Argiriadi
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Pratima Bansal-Pakala
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | | | - David B. Duignan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Prisca Honore
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - QingYu Lang
- AbbVie China R&D Center, 5F, North Jin Chuang Building No. 1, 4560 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201201, P. R. China
| | - Scott Mittelstadt
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Lian Rundell
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Jeremy J. Edmunds
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381
Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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Duan QL, Lasky-Su J, Himes BE, Qiu W, Litonjua AA, Damask A, Lazarus R, Klanderman B, Irvin CG, Peters SP, Hanrahan JP, Lima JJ, Martinez FD, Mauger D, Chinchilli VM, Soto-Quiros M, Avila L, Celedón JC, Lange C, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG. A genome-wide association study of bronchodilator response in asthmatics. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2014; 14:41-7. [PMID: 23508266 PMCID: PMC3706515 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2013.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Reversibility of airway obstruction in response to β2-agonists is highly variable among asthmatics, which is partially attributed to genetic factors. In a genome-wide association study of acute bronchodilator response (BDR) to inhaled albuterol, 534 290 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested in 403 white trios from the Childhood Asthma Management Program using five statistical models to determine the most robust genetic associations. The primary replication phase included 1397 polymorphisms in three asthma trials (pooled n=764). The second replication phase tested 13 SNPs in three additional asthma populations (n=241, n=215 and n=592). An intergenic SNP on chromosome 10, rs11252394, proximal to several excellent biological candidates, significantly replicated (P=1.98 × 10(-7)) in the primary replication trials. An intronic SNP (rs6988229) in the collagen (COL22A1) locus also provided strong replication signals (P=8.51 × 10(-6)). This study applied a robust approach for testing the genetic basis of BDR and identified novel loci associated with this drug response in asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ling Duan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Weiliang Qiu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Augusto A. Litonjua
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Pulmonary Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Ross Lazarus
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara Klanderman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Charles G. Irvin
- Vermont Lung Center, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Stephen P. Peters
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - John J. Lima
- Nemours Children’s Clinic, Centers for Clinical Pediatric Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Fernando D. Martinez
- Arizona Respiratory Center and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - David Mauger
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Vernon M. Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital University of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Pulmonary Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Pulmonary Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Nimitvilai S, Arora DS, You C, McElvain M, Brodie MS. Phorbol ester reduces ethanol excitation of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area: involvement of protein kinase C theta. Front Integr Neurosci 2013; 7:96. [PMID: 24399942 PMCID: PMC3872320 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2013.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play a key role in the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse, including alcohol. Ethanol directly increases the firing rate of dopaminergic (DAergic) VTA neurons, but modulation of the firing rate of DAergic VTA neurons can be controlled by a number of factors, including some that are under the control of protein kinase C (PKC). Application of phorbol esters activates PKC and the present study assessed the effect of a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), on ethanol-induced excitation of DA VTA neurons. Ethanol-induced excitation of DAergic VTA neurons was reduced significantly in the presence of PMA. This action of PMA was antagonized by chelerythrine chloride, a non-selective antagonist of PKC, but not by moderate concentrations of antagonists of conventional PKC isoforms (Gö6976 and Gö6983). A PKC δ/θ inhibitor antagonized PMA-induced reduction of ethanol excitation. Since PKCδ antagonist Gö6983 did not antagonize the effect of PMA on ethanol excitation, the PMA reduction of ethanol excitation is most likely to be mediated by PKCθ. Antagonists of intracellular calcium pathways were ineffective in antagonizing PMA action on ethanol excitation, consistent with the lack of calcium dependence of PKCθ. In summary, ethanol-induced excitation of VTA neurons is attenuated in the presence of PMA, and this attenuation appears to be mediated by PKCθ. This novel mechanism for interfering with ethanol activation of reward-related neurons could provide a new target for pharmacotherapy to ameliorate alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarat Nimitvilai
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Devinder S Arora
- School of Pharmacy, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Chang You
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maureen McElvain
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark S Brodie
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Smith GK, Wood ER. Cell-based assays for kinase drug discovery. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2013; 7:e1-e94. [PMID: 24103680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrimidine, 3-cyanopyridine and m-amino-N-phenylbenzamide based monocyclic EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3090-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) has been a tantalizing target for drug discovery ever since it was first identified as the receptor for the tumour promoter phorbol ester in 1982. Although initial therapeutic efforts focused on cancer, additional indications--including diabetic complications, heart failure, myocardial infarction, pain and bipolar disorder--were targeted as researchers developed a better understanding of the roles of eight conventional and novel PKC isozymes in health and disease. Unfortunately, both academic and pharmaceutical efforts have yet to result in the approval of a single new drug that specifically targets PKC. Why does PKC remain an elusive drug target? This Review provides a short account of some of the efforts, challenges and opportunities in developing PKC modulators to address unmet clinical needs.
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Jimenez JM, Boyall D, Brenchley G, Collier PN, Davis CJ, Fraysse D, Keily SB, Henderson J, Miller A, Pierard F, Settimo L, Twin HC, Bolton CM, Curnock AP, Chiu P, Tanner AJ, Young S. Design and Optimization of Selective Protein Kinase C θ (PKCθ) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1799-810. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301465a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Miguel Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Dean Boyall
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Guy Brenchley
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Philip N. Collier
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Damien Fraysse
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Shazia B. Keily
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Jaclyn Henderson
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Andrew Miller
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Francoise Pierard
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Luca Settimo
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Heather C. Twin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Claire M. Bolton
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Adam P. Curnock
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Peter Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Adam J. Tanner
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
| | - Stephen Young
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Ltd., 88 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RY, U.K
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Yan Zhang E, Kong KF, Altman A. The yin and yang of protein kinase C-theta (PKCθ): a novel drug target for selective immunosuppression. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2013; 66:267-312. [PMID: 23433459 PMCID: PMC3903317 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-404717-4.00006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase C-theta (PKCθ) is a protein kinase C (PKC) family member expressed predominantly in T lymphocytes, and extensive studies addressing its function have been conducted. PKCθ is the only T cell-expressed PKC that localizes selectively to the center of the immunological synapse (IS) following conventional T cell antigen stimulation, and this unique localization is essential for PKCθ-mediated downstream signaling. While playing a minor role in T cell development, early in vitro studies relying, among others, on the use of PKCθ-deficient (Prkcq(-/-)) T cells revealed that PKCθ is required for the activation and proliferation of mature T cells, reflecting its importance in activating the transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B, activator protein-1, and nuclear factor of activated T cells, as well as for the survival of activated T cells. Upon subsequent analysis of in vivo immune responses in Prkcq(-/-) mice, it became clear that PKCθ has a selective role in the immune system: it is required for experimental Th2- and Th17-mediated allergic and autoimmune diseases, respectively, and for alloimmune responses, but is dispensable for protective responses against pathogens and for graft-versus-leukemia responses. Surprisingly, PKCθ was recently found to be excluded from the IS of regulatory T cells and to negatively regulate their suppressive function. These attributes of PKCθ make it an attractive target for catalytic or allosteric inhibitors that are expected to selectively suppress harmful inflammatory and alloimmune responses without interfering with beneficial immunity to infections. Early progress in developing such drugs is being made, but additional studies on the role of PKCθ in the human immune system are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amnon Altman
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
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23
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Michalczyk I, Sikorski AF, Kotula L, Junghans RP, Dubielecka PM. The emerging role of protein kinase Cθ in cytoskeletal signaling. J Leukoc Biol 2012. [PMID: 23192428 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0812371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeletal rearrangements often occur as the result of transduction of signals from the extracellular environment. Efficient awakening of this powerful machinery requires multiple activation and deactivation steps, which usually involve phosphorylation or dephosphorylation of different signaling units by kinases and phosphatases, respectively. In this review, we discuss the signaling characteristics of one of the nPKC isoforms, PKCθ, focusing on PKCθ-mediated signal transduction to cytoskeletal elements, which results in cellular rearrangements critical for cell type-specific responses to stimuli. PKCθ is the major PKC isoform present in hematopoietic and skeletal muscle cells. PKCθ plays roles in T cell signaling through the IS, survival responses in adult T cells, and T cell FasL-mediated apoptosis, all of which involve cytoskeletal rearrangements and relocation of this enzyme. PKCθ has been linked to the regulation of cell migration, lymphoid cell motility, and insulin signaling and resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Additional roles were suggested for PKCθ in mitosis and cell-cycle regulation. Comprehensive understanding of cytoskeletal regulation and the cellular "modus operandi" of PKCθ holds promise for improving current therapeutic applications aimed at autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Michalczyk
- Laboratory of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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24
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Structure-based optimization of aminopyridines as PKCθ inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4645-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Hao M, Ren H, Zhang S, Wang X, Ma M, Li G, Yang L. Exploring the structure requirement for PKCθ inhibitory activity of pyridinecarbonitrile derivatives: an in silico analysis. J Mol Graph Model 2012; 34:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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van Eis MJ, Evenou JP, Floersheim P, Gaul C, Cowan-Jacob SW, Monovich L, Rummel G, Schuler W, Stark W, Strauss A, von Matt A, Vangrevelinghe E, Wagner J, Soldermann N. 2,6-Naphthyridines as potent and selective inhibitors of the novel protein kinase C isozymes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7367-72. [PMID: 22078216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes a novel series of ATP-competitive PKC inhibitors based on the 2,6-naphthyridine template. Example compounds potently inhibit the novel Protein Kinase C (PKC) isotypes δ, ε, η, θ (in particular PKCε/η, and display a 10-100-fold selectivity over the classical PKC isotypes. The prototype compound 11 was found to inhibit PKCθ-dependent pathways in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, a-CD3/a-CD28-induced lymphocyte proliferation could be effectively blocked in 10% rat whole blood. In mice, 11 dose-dependently inhibited Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B-triggered IL-2 serum levels after oral dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice J van Eis
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Forum 1, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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27
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Wang W, Zhao M, Wang Y, Liu J, Wu J, Kang G, Peng S. {2-[1-(3-Methoxycarbonylmethyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}-acetic acid methyl ester (MIAM): its anti-cancer efficacy and intercalation mechanism identified via multi-model systems. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 7:766-72. [PMID: 21116565 DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
{2-[1-(3-Methoxycarbonylmethyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}-acetic acid methyl ester (MIAM) was provided as a DNA-intercalator. For the comprehensive evaluation of this new intercalator, an assay system consisting of cell, S180 mouse, healthy mouse, spectrum, non-spectrum, and gel electrophoresis models was constructed. On the cell (S180, K562, MCF-7, HeLa and HepG2) models, MIAM selectively inhibited the viability of HeLa. On the S180 mouse model, 0.89, 8.9, 89 and 890 μmol kg(-1) of MIAM dose-dependently inhibited the tumor growth. Even at a dose of 890 μmol kg(-1), MIAM did not damage the treated S180 mice. The safety of MIAM was supported by a high spleen index and an obvious increase of body weight of the treated S180 mice. On the healthy mouse model the LD(50) value of MIAM is higher than 890 μmol kg(-1). The ultraviolet (UV), fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), relative viscosity, melting curve, and gel electrophoresis assays of DNA with or without MIAM consistently supported an intercalation mechanism for MIAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 1000, 69, P.R. China
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28
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Hao M, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang S. Prediction of PKCθ inhibitory activity using the Random Forest Algorithm. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:3413-33. [PMID: 20957104 PMCID: PMC2956104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11093413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is devoted to the prediction of a series of 208 structurally diverse PKCθ inhibitors using the Random Forest (RF) based on the Mold(2) molecular descriptors. The RF model was established and identified as a robust predictor of the experimental pIC(50) values, producing good external R(2) (pred) of 0.72, a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.45, for an external prediction set of 51 inhibitors which were not used in the development of QSAR models. By using the RF built-in measure of the relative importance of the descriptors, an important predictor-the number of group donor atoms for H-bonds (with N and O)-has been identified to play a crucial role in PKCθ inhibitory activity. We hope that the developed RF model will be helpful in the screening and prediction of novel unknown PKCθ inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116012, China; E-Mails: (M.H.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116012, China; E-Mails: (M.H.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; E-Mail: (Y.W.)
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116012, China; E-Mails: (M.H.); (S.Z.)
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29
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Boschelli DH, Subrath J, Niu C, Wu B, Wang Y, Lee J, Brennan A, Ho M, Deng B, Yang X, Xu X, Leung L, Wang J, Atherton J, Chaudhary D. Optimization of 5-vinylaryl-3-pyridinecarbonitriles as PKCtheta inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1965-8. [PMID: 20153643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Analog 8, a 3-pyridinecarbonitrile with an (E)-2-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]pyridin-2-yl]vinyl group at C-5, had an IC(50) value of 1.1 nM for the inhibition of PKCtheta and potently blocked the production of IL-2 in both stimulated murine T cells (IC(50)=34 nM) and human whole blood (IC(50)=500 nM).
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30
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Protein kinase Calpha: disease regulator and therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2009; 31:8-14. [PMID: 19969380 PMCID: PMC2809215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase Cα (PKCα) is a member of the AGC (which includes PKD, PKG and PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases that is widely expressed in mammalian tissues. It is closely related in structure, function and regulation to other members of the protein kinase C family, but has specific functions within the tissues in which it is expressed. There is substantial recent evidence, from gene knockout studies in particular, that PKCα activity regulates cardiac contractility, atherogenesis, cancer and arterial thrombosis. Selective targeting of PKCα therefore has potential therapeutic value in a wide variety of disease states, although will be technically complicated by the ubiquitous expression and multiple functions of the molecule.
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31
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Tumey LN, Bhagirath N, Brennan A, Brooijmans N, Lee J, Yang X, Boschelli DH. 5-Vinyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile inhibitors of PKCθ: Optimization of enzymatic and functional activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7933-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Shim J, Eid C, Lee J, Liu E, Chaudhary D, Boschelli DH. Synthesis and PKCθ inhibitory activity of a series of 5-vinyl phenyl sulfonamide-3-pyridinecarbonitriles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6575-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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33
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Prashad AS, Wang D, Subrath J, Wu B, Lin M, Zhang MY, Kagan N, Lee J, Yang X, Brennan A, Chaudhary D, Xu X, Leung L, Wang J, Boschelli DH. C-5 substituted heteroaryl-3-pyridinecarbonitriles as PKCθ inhibitors: Part II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5799-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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First generation 5-vinyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile PKCθ inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5829-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Subrath J, Wang D, Wu B, Niu C, Boschelli DH, Lee J, Yang X, Brennan A, Chaudhary D. C-5 Substituted heteroaryl 3-pyridinecarbonitriles as PKCθ inhibitors: Part I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5423-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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36
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Optimization of 5-phenyl-3-pyridinecarbonitriles as PKCθ inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3623-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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37
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Roffey J, Rosse C, Linch M, Hibbert A, McDonald NQ, Parker PJ. Protein kinase C intervention: the state of play. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2009; 21:268-79. [PMID: 19233632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intervention in protein kinase C (PKC) has a chequered history, partly because of the poor selectivity of many inhibitors and partly a reflection of the sometimes antagonistic action of related PKC isoforms. Recent advances in targeting PKC isoforms have come from structural work on isolated kinase domains that have provided opportunities to drive selectivity through structure-based avenues. The promise of isoform selective inhibitors and the rationale for their development are discussed in the broader context of the PKC inhibitor arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Roffey
- Discovery Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Limited, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, London, UK
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38
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Baier G, Wagner J. PKC inhibitors: potential in T cell-dependent immune diseases. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2009; 21:262-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Dushin RG, Nittoli T, Ingalls C, Boschelli DH, Cole DC, Wissner A, Lee J, Yang X, Morgan P, Brennan A, Chaudhary D. Synthesis and PKCtheta inhibitory activity of a series of 4-indolylamino-5-phenyl-3-pyridinecarbonitriles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2461-3. [PMID: 19345579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of 4-indolylamino-5-phenyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile inhibitors of PKCtheta were synthesized as potential anti-inflammatory agents. The effects of specific substitution on the 5-phenyl moiety and variations of the positional isomers of the 4-indolylamino substituent were explored. This study led to the discovery of compound 12d, which had an IC(50) value of 18nM for the inhibition of PKCtheta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell G Dushin
- Wyeth Research, Chemical Sciences, 401 N. Middletown Road, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA
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40
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Second generation 4-(4-methyl-1H-indol-5-ylamino)-2-phenylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile PKCθ inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:766-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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