1
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Mereuta L, Park J, Park Y, Luchian T. Repurposing an antimicrobial peptide for the development of a dual ion channel/molecular receptor-like platform for metal ion detection. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15984-15994. [PMID: 39141323 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The presence of non-essential metals in the environment as contaminants is prone to cause hazardous health problems following accumulation in the human body and the ensuing toxic effects. This calls for continuous discovery and innovation in the realm of developing easy-to-operate, cheap and sensitive sensors. Herein, we describe the proof of concept approach for designing a molecular receptor-like, chimeric sensor based on the pore-forming peptide alamethicin (Alm), tethered via a linker with an ultrashort peptide nucleic acid (PNA) moiety, capable of generating functional ion channel oligomers in planar lipid membranes. The working principle of the sensor exploits the ability of Hg2+ ions to complex mismatching thymine-thymine sequences between the PNA receptor moiety on Alm oligomers and free, thymine-based, single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) in solution, thus creating a stable base pair at the oligomer entrance. This generates a transducing mechanism which converts the metal ion complexation into a specific electrical signature of the self-assembled Alm oligomers, enabling selective Hg2+ ion detection. The platform is programmable, whereby the simple exchange of the PNA sequence and its ssDNA counterpart in solution rendered the system selective for Cu2+ ion detection. With further optimization, the presented solution has the potential to translate into miniaturized, cost-effective biosensors suitable for the real-time, label-free and continuous detection of metal ions or other biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Mereuta
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Jonggwan Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tudor Luchian
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
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2
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Arora P, Zheng H, Munusamy S, Jahani R, Wang L, Guan X. Probe-assisted detection of Fe 3+ ions in a multi-functionalized nanopore. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116125. [PMID: 38359668 PMCID: PMC10922892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element that plays critical roles in many biological/metabolic processes, ranging from oxygen transport, mitochondrial respiration, to host defense and cell signaling. Maintaining an appropriate iron level in the body is vital to the human health. Iron deficiency or overload can cause life-threatening conditions. Thus, developing a new, rapid, cost-effective, and easy to use method for iron detection is significant not only for environmental monitoring but also for disease prevention. In this study, we report an innovative Fe3+ detection strategy by using both a ligand probe and an engineered nanopore with two binding sites. In our design, one binding site of the nanopore has a strong interaction with the ligand probe, while the other is more selective toward interfering species. Based on the difference in the number of ligand DTPMPA events in the absence and presence of ferric ions, micromolar concentrations of Fe3+ could be detected within minutes. Our method is selective: micromolar concentrations of Mg2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Mn2+, and Cu2+ would not interfere with the detection of ferric ions. Furthermore, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+ produced current blockage events with quite different signatures from each other, enabling their simultaneous detection. In addition, simulated water and serum samples were successfully analyzed. The nanopore sensing strategy developed in this work should find useful application in the development of stochastic sensors for other substances, especially in situations where multi-analyte concurrent detection is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Arora
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Rana Jahani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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3
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Wang X, Wei X, van der Zalm MM, Zhang Z, Subramanian N, Demers AM, Walters EG, Hesseling A, Liu C. Quantitation of Circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens by Nanopore Biosensing in Children Evaluated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in South Africa. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21093-21104. [PMID: 37643288 PMCID: PMC10668583 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore sensing of proteomic biomarkers lacks accuracy due to the ultralow abundance of targets, a wide variety of interferents in clinical samples, and the mismatch between pore and analyte sizes. By converting antigens to DNA probes via click chemistry and quantifying their characteristic signals, we show a nanopore assay with several amplification mechanisms to achieve an attomolar level limit of detection that enables quantitation of the circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen ESAT-6/CFP-10 complex in human serum. The assay's nonsputum-based feature and low-volume sample requirements make it particularly well-suited for detecting pediatric tuberculosis (TB) disease, where establishing an accurate diagnosis is greatly complicated by the paucibacillary nature of respiratory secretions, nonspecific symptoms, and challenges with sample collection. In the clinical assessment, the assay was applied to analyze ESAT-6/CFP-10 levels in serum samples collected during baseline investigation for TB in 75 children, aged 0-12 years, enrolled in a diagnostic study conducted in Cape Town, South Africa. This nanopore assay showed superior sensitivity in children with confirmed TB (94.4%) compared to clinical "gold standard" diagnostic technologies (Xpert MTB/RIF 44.4% and Mtb culture 72.2%) and filled the diagnostic gap for children with unconfirmed TB, where these traditional technologies fell short. We envision that, in combination with automated sample processing and portable nanopore devices, this methodology will offer a powerful tool to support the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Marieke M. van der Zalm
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Nandhini Subramanian
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Demers
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Elisabetta Ghimenton Walters
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
- Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Anneke Hesseling
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA
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4
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Lee H, Noh H. Advancements in Nanogels for Enhanced Ocular Drug Delivery: Cutting-Edge Strategies to Overcome Eye Barriers. Gels 2023; 9:718. [PMID: 37754399 PMCID: PMC10529109 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine in gel or particle formation holds considerable potential for enhancing passive and active targeting within ocular drug delivery systems. The complex barriers of the eye, exemplified by the intricate network of closely connected tissue structures, pose significant challenges for drug administration. Leveraging the capability of engineered nanomedicine offers a promising approach to enhance drug penetration, particularly through active targeting agents such as protein peptides and aptamers, which facilitate targeted release and heightened bioavailability. Simultaneously, DNA carriers have emerged as a cutting-edge class of active-targeting structures, connecting active targeting agents and illustrating their potential in ocular drug delivery applications. This review aims to consolidate recent findings regarding the optimization of various nanoparticles, i.e., hydrogel-based systems, incorporating both passive and active targeting agents for ocular drug delivery, thereby identifying novel mechanisms and strategies. Furthermore, the review delves into the potential application of DNA nanostructures, exploring their role in the development of targeted drug delivery approaches within the field of ocular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyeran Noh
- Department of Optometry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Gongnung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea;
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5
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Deng XR, Hu AW, Hu SQ, Yang WL, Sun C, Xiao SJ, Yang GP, Zheng QQ, Liang RP, Zhang L, Qiu JD. An in-situ strategy to construct uracil-conjugated covalent organic frameworks with tunable fluorescence/recognition characteristics for sensitive and selective Mercury(II) detection. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1252:341056. [PMID: 36935154 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous researches of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown their potential as fluorescent probes, but the regulation of their optical properties and recognition characteristics still remains a challenge, and most of reports required complicated post-decoration to improve the sensing performance. In this context, we propose a novel in-situ strategy to construct uracil-conjugated COFs and modulate their fluorescence properties for sensitive and selective mercury(II) detection. By using 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)pyrene (TFPPy) and 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)pyrene (TAPPy) as fundamental blocks and 5-aminouraci (5-AU) as the functional monomer, a series of COFs (Py-COFs and Py-U-COFs-1 to Py-U-COFs-5) with tunable fluorescence were solvothermally synthesized through an in-situ Schiff base reaction. The π-conjugated framework serves as a signal reporter, the evenly and densely distributed uracil acts as a mercury(II) receptor, and the regular pores (channels) make the rapid and sensitive detection of the mercury(II) possible. In this research, we manage to regulate the crystalline structure, the fluorescence properties, and the sensing performance of COFs by simply changing the molar ratio of precursors. We expect this research to open up a new strategy for effective and controllable construction of functionalized COFs for environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Rui Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - A-Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Sheng-Qian Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Chen Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Sai-Jin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology (ECUT), Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Gui-Ping Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Qiong-Qing Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology (ECUT), Nanchang, 330013, PR China.
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6
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Wei X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Luo Y, Wang Z, Xiong W, Jain PK, Monnier JR, Wang H, Hu TY, Tang C, Albrecht H, Liu C. A click chemistry amplified nanopore assay for ultrasensitive quantification of HIV-1 p24 antigen in clinical samples. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6852. [PMID: 36369146 PMCID: PMC9651128 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in HIV testing, ultrasensitive detection of early infection remains challenging, especially for the viral capsid protein p24, which is an early virological biomarker of HIV-1 infection. Here, To improve p24 detection in patients missed by immunological tests that dominate the diagnostics market, we show a click chemistry amplified nanopore (CAN) assay for ultrasensitive quantitative detection. This strategy achieves a 20.8 fM (0.5 pg/ml) limit of detection for HIV-1 p24 antigen in human serum, demonstrating 20~100-fold higher analytical sensitivity than nanocluster-based immunoassays and clinically used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Clinical validation of the CAN assay in a pilot cohort shows p24 quantification at ultra-low concentration range and correlation with CD4 count and viral load. We believe that this strategy can improve the utility of p24 antigen in detecting early infection and monitoring HIV progression and treatment efficacy, and also can be readily modified to detect other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Zixin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Wen Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Piyush K Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - John R Monnier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Helmut Albrecht
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
- Center of Infectious Diseases Research and Policy, Prisma Health, Columbia, SC, 29203, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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7
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Probing the Hepatitis B Virus E-Antigen with a Nanopore Sensor Based on Collisional Events Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080596. [PMID: 36004992 PMCID: PMC9405897 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring, simple operation, and cheaper methods for detecting immunological proteins hold the potential for a solid influence on proteomics and human biology, as they can promote the onset of timely diagnoses and adequate treatment protocols. In this work we present an exploratory study suggesting the applicability of resistive-pulse sensing technology in conjunction with the α-hemolysin (α-HL) protein nanopore, for the detection of the chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) e-antigen (HBeAg). In this approach, the recognition between HBeAg and a purified monoclonal hepatitis B e antibody (Ab(HBeAg)) was detected via transient ionic current spikes generated by partial occlusions of the α-HL nanopore by protein aggregates electrophoretically driven toward the nanopore’s vestibule entrance. Despite the steric hindrance precluding antigen, antibody, or antigen–antibody complex capture inside the nanopore, their stochastic bumping with the nanopore generated clear transient blockade events. The subsequent analysis suggested the detection of protein subpopulations in solution, rendering the approach a potentially valuable label-free platform for the sensitive, submicromolar-scale screening of HBeAg targets.
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8
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Tan X, Lv C, Chen H. Advances of nanopore-based sensing techniques for contaminants evaluation of food and agricultural products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10866-10879. [PMID: 35687354 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2085238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Food safety assurance systems are becoming more stringent in response to the growing food safety problems. Rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection technology is a prerequisite for the establishment of food safety assurance systems. Nanopore technology has been taken as one of the emerging technology capable of dealing with the detection of harmful contaminants as efficiently as possible due to the advantage of label-free, high-throughput, amplification-free, and rapid detection features. Start with the history of nanopore techniques, this review introduced the underlying knowledge of detection mechanism of nanopore-based sensing techniques. Meanwhile, sensing interfaces for the construction of nanopore sensors are comprehensively summarized. Moreover, this review covers the current advances of nanopore techniques in the application of food safety screening. Currently, the establishment of nanopore sensing devices is mainly based on the blocking current phenomenon. Sensing interfaces including biological nanopores, solid-state nanopores, DNA origami, and de novo designed nanopores can be used in the manufacture of sensing devices. Food harmful substances, including heavy metals, veterinary drugs, pesticide residues, food toxins, and other harmful substances can be quickly determined by nanopore-based sensors. Moreover, the combination of nanopore techniques with advanced materials has become one of the most effective methods to improve sensing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Tan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Wang L, Wang H, Chen X, Zhou S, Wang Y, Guan X. Chemistry solutions to facilitate nanopore detection and analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114448. [PMID: 35716643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Characteristic ionic current modulations will be produced in a single molecule manner during the communication of individual molecules with a nanopore. Hence, the information regarding the length, composition, and structure of a molecule can be extracted from deciphering the electrical message. However, until now, achieving a satisfactory resolution for observation and quantification of a target analyte in a complex system remains a nontrivial task. In this review, we summarize the progress and especially the recent advance in utilizing chemistry solutions to facilitate nanopore detection and analysis. The discussed chemistry solutions are classified into several major categories, including covalent/non-covalent chemistry, redox chemistry, displacement chemistry, back titration chemistry, chelation chemistry, hydrolysis-chemistry, and click chemistry. Considering the significant success of using chemical reaction-assisted nanopore sensing strategies to improve sensor sensitivity & selectivity and to study various topics, other non-chemistry based methodologies can undoubtedly be employed by nanopore sensors to explore new applications in the interdisciplinary area of chemistry, biology, materials, and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Han Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yunjiao Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
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10
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Wu Y, Gooding JJ. The application of single molecule nanopore sensing for quantitative analysis. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3862-3885. [PMID: 35506519 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00988e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanopore-based sensors typically work by monitoring transient pulses in conductance via current-time traces as molecules translocate through the nanopore. The unique property of being able to monitor single molecules gives nanopore sensors the potential as quantitative sensors based on the counting of single molecules. This review provides an overview of the concepts and fabrication of nanopore sensors as well as nanopore sensing with a view toward using nanopore sensors for quantitative analysis. We first introduce the classification of nanopores and highlight their applications in molecular identification with some pioneering studies. The review then shifts focus to recent strategies to extend nanopore sensors to devices that can rapidly and accurately quantify the amount of an analyte of interest. Finally, future prospects are provided and briefly discussed. The aim of this review is to aid in understanding recent advances, challenges, and prospects for nanopore sensors for quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
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11
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Li F, Luo Y, Xi G, Fu J, Tu J. Single-Molecule Analysis of DNA structures using nanopore sensors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Su Z, Li T, Wu D, Wu Y, Li G. Recent Progress on Single-Molecule Detection Technologies for Food Safety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:458-469. [PMID: 34985271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive detection technologies for food contaminants play vital roles in food safety. Due to the complexity of the food matrix and the trace amount distribution, traditional methods often suffer from unsatisfying accuracy, sensitivity, or specificity. In past decades, single-molecule detection (SMD) has emerged as a way to realize the rapid and ultrasensitive measurement with low sample consumption, showing a great potential in food contaminants detection. For instance, based on the nanopore technique, simple and effective methods for single-molecule analysis of food contaminants have been developed. To our knowledge, there has been a rare review that focuses on SMD techniques for food safety. The present review attempts to cover some typical SMD methods in food safety, including electrochemistry, optical spectrum, and atom force microscopy. Then, recent applications of these techniques for detecting food contaminants such as biotoxins, pesticides, heavy metals, and illegal additives are reviewed. Finally, existing research challenges and future trends of SMD in food safety are also tentatively proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Su
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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13
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Zeng X, Xiang Y, Liu Q, Wang L, Ma Q, Ma W, Zeng D, Yin Y, Wang D. Nanopore Technology for the Application of Protein Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1942. [PMID: 34443773 PMCID: PMC8400292 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein is an important component of all the cells and tissues of the human body and is the material basis of life. Its content, sequence, and spatial structure have a great impact on proteomics and human biology. It can reflect the important information of normal or pathophysiological processes and promote the development of new diagnoses and treatment methods. However, the current techniques of proteomics for protein analysis are limited by chemical modifications, large sample sizes, or cumbersome operations. Solving this problem requires overcoming huge challenges. Nanopore single molecule detection technology overcomes this shortcoming. As a new sensing technology, it has the advantages of no labeling, high sensitivity, fast detection speed, real-time monitoring, and simple operation. It is widely used in gene sequencing, detection of peptides and proteins, markers and microorganisms, and other biomolecules and metal ions. Therefore, based on the advantages of novel nanopore single-molecule detection technology, its application to protein sequence detection and structure recognition has also been proposed and developed. In this paper, the application of nanopore single-molecule detection technology in protein detection in recent years is reviewed, and its development prospect is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zeng
- Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (W.M.)
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (W.M.)
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Qianshan Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Qianyun Ma
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (Y.X.); (W.M.)
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Delin Zeng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yajie Yin
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; (Q.L.); (L.W.); (Q.M.); (D.Z.)
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
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14
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Heaton I, Platt M. Multiuse Nanopore Platform with Disposable Paper Analytical Device for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Heaton
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - M. Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
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15
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Yin YD, Zhang L, Leng XZ, Gu ZY. Harnessing biological nanopore technology to track chemical changes. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Roozbahani GM, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Guan X. Nanopore detection of metal ions: Current status and future directions. SMALL METHODS 2020; 4:2000266. [PMID: 33365387 PMCID: PMC7751931 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight recent research efforts that aimed at developing nanopore sensors for detection of metal ions, which play a crucial role in environmental safety and human health. Protein pores use three stochastic sensing-based strategies for metal ion detection. The first strategy is to construct engineered nanopores with metal ion binding sites, so that the interaction between the target analytes and the nanopore can slow the movement of metal ions in the nano-channel. Second, large molecules such as nucleic acids and especially peptides could be utilized as external selective molecular probes to detect metal ions based on the conformational change of the ligand molecules induced by the metal ion-ligand chelation / coordination interaction. Third, enzymatic reactions can also be used as an alternative to the molecule probe strategy in the situation that a sensitive and selective probe molecule for the target analyte is difficult to obtain. On the other hand, by taking advantage of steady-state analysis, synthetic nanopores mainly use two strategies (modification and modification-free) to detect metals. Given the advantages of high sensitivity & selectivity, and label-free detection, nanopore-based metal ion sensors should find useful application in many fields, including environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, 60616, USA
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, 60616, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, 60616, USA
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17
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Guan X, Wang L. Analysis with biological nanopore: On-pore, off-pore strategies and application in biological fluids. Talanta 2020; 223:121684. [PMID: 33303138 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inspired from ion channels in biology, nanopores have been developed as promising analytical tools. In principle, nanopores provide crucial information from the observation and analysis of ionic current modulations caused by the interaction between target analytes and fluidic pores. In this respect, the biological, chemical and physical parameters of the nanopore regime need to be well-understood and regulated for intermolecular interaction. Because of well-defined molecular structures, biological nanopores consequently are of a focal point, allowing precise interaction analysis at single-molecule level. In this overview, two analytical strategies are summarized and discussed accordingly, upon the challenges arising in case-dependent analysis using biological nanopores. One kind of strategies relies on modification, functionalization and engineering on nanopore confined interface to improve molecular recognition sites (on-pore strategies); The other kind of highlighted strategies concerns to measurement of various chemistry/biochemistry based interactions triggered by employed molecular agents or probes (off-pore strategies). In particularly, a few recent paradigms using these strategies for practical application of accurate analysis of biomarkers in biological fluids are illustrated. To end, the challenging and future outlook of using analytical tools by means of biological nanopores are depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
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18
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang C, Roozbahani GM, Chang HC, Guan X. Chemically functionalized conical PET nanopore for protein detection at the single-molecule level. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112289. [PMID: 32729470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are essential for all living organisms, and perform a wide variety of functions in the cell and human body, including structural, mechanical, biochemical, and signaling. Since proteins can serve as valuable biomarkers for health status and diseases states, and enable personalized medicine, sensitive and rapid detection of proteins is of paramount importance. Herein, we report a chemically functionalized conical shaped poly-(ethylene terephthalate) nanopore (PET nanopore) as a stochastic sensing element for detection of proteins at the single-molecule level. We demonstrate that the PET nanopore sensor is not only sensitive and selective, but also can differentiate proteins rapidly, offering the potential for label-free protein detection and characterization. Our developed PET nanopore sensing strategy not only provides a general platform for exploring fundamental protein dynamics and rapid detection of proteins at the single-molecule level, but also opens new avenues toward advanced deeper understanding of enzymes, development of more efficient biosensing technologies, and constructing novel biomimetic nanopore systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Ceming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Golbarg M Roozbahani
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
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19
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Chen S, Chen H, Zhang J, Dong H, Zhan K, Tang Y. A glass nanopore ionic sensor for surface charge analysis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21615-21620. [PMID: 35518750 PMCID: PMC9054376 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03353g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface charge-based nanopore characterization techniques unfold unique properties and provide a powerful platform for a variety of sensing applications. In this paper, we have proposed a nanoconfined inner wall surface charge characterization method with glass nanopores. The glass nanopores were functionalized with DNA aptamers that were designed for mercury (Hg2+) ion immobilization by forming thymine–Hg2+–thymine structures. The surface charge of the nanopores was modulated by surface chemistry and Hg2+ ion concentrations and analysed by combining zeta potential measurements on glass slides and the ionic current rectification ratio of the nanopores. Also, 1 pM Hg2+ ions could be detected by the nanopores. Surface charge-based nanopore characterization techniques unfold unique properties and provide a powerful platform for a variety of sensing applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyue Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Hepeng Dong
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Kan Zhan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Yongliang Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
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20
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Zhou S, Wang H, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhou D, Liang L, Wang L, Wang D, Guan X. Single-molecule Study on the Interactions between Cyclic Nonribosomal Peptides and Protein Nanopore. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:554-560. [PMID: 34169233 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) are a type of secondary metabolites mostly originated from microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Their proteolytic stability, highly selective bioactivity, and microorganism-specificity have made them an attractive source of drugs for the pharmaceutical industry. Herein, with microcystins (MCs) as a NRP model, we, for the first time, proposed a sensitive method to study the interactions between NRPs and the protein nanopore. Due to the large molecular size (~3 nm diameter) of MCs and their net negative charges, MCs failed to translocate through the α-hemolysin (α-HL) protein channel. Our results demonstrated that the biomolecular interaction of MC-α-HL protein was significantly affected by the applied potential bias. The constant blockage amplitude in the voltage-dependent studies indicated that the current modulation events were dominantly contributed to the bumping interaction between MCs and the α-HL protein under the electrophoretic force. The mean residence time of the bumping events exhibited a two-stage decrease (from 1.90 ms to 1.02 ms, and from 1.02 ms to 0.69 ms) at the threshold voltages of -70 mV and -100 mV, respectively. Using our strategy (i.e., based on their electrophoretic driven interaction with the α-HL protein pore), discrimination of different MC molecules (MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR and linear analog) with varied branched residues could be accomplished. This work should provide an insight in developing a rapid and effective method for the identification of cyclic NRPs as valuable biomarkers for fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Han Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Yunjiao Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daming Zhou
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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21
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Roozbahani GM, Zhang Y, Chen X, Soflaee MH, Guan X. Enzymatic reaction-based nanopore detection of zinc ions. Analyst 2019; 144:7432-7436. [PMID: 31691699 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01784d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a label-free nanopore sensor for the detection of Zn2+ ions. By taking advantage of the cleavage of a substrate peptide by zinc-dependent enzymes, nanomolar concentrations of Zn2+ ions could be detected within minutes. Furthermore, structurally similar transition metals such as Ni2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ did not interfere with their detection. The enzymatic reaction-based nanopore sensing strategy developed in this work may find potential applications in environmental monitoring and medical diagnosis.
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22
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Xu J, Liao K, Fu Z, Xiong Z. A new method for early detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers: detection of microRNAs by nanochannels. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2634-2640. [PMID: 31220948 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1614594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To develop an effective new method for early detection of pancreatic cancer biomarkers and to aid early clinical diagnosis. Methods: A DNA probe (Probe) capable of specifically recognizing the target miRNA was designed. The specific probe of miRNA 21 is designed first, and then mixed with the miRNA 21 sample to form a complex molecule, and the complex molecule is added to the nanochannels to detect the received signal. The probe is designed to detect the electrical signal by means of pre-matching and post-matching and observe the stability of the signal. The miRNA 21, miRNA 155, miRNA 196a were added to the nano-single channel to detect the characteristic signals and blocking time. The miRNA 21·probe 21 mixture was mixed with other five cancer-associated microRNAs, and the signal results of the detection were collected and compared. Results: The signal of miRNA 21 was successfully detected. Whether the probe is designed at the front or the back, there are two signal results. The Probe should be designed to match the middle region of the miRNA. The three microRNA complex molecules have different characteristic signals and blocking times, which can be effectively distinguished. Conclusion: Nanochannels can effectively detect pancreatic cancer-related microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Xu
- a Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Kaili Liao
- b Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Zhonghua Fu
- c Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Zhenfang Xiong
- a Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
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23
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Chen X, Wang L, Roozbahani GM, Zhang Y, Xiang J, Guan X. Nanopore label-free detection of single-nucleotide deletion in Baxα/BaxΔ2. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2410-2416. [PMID: 29998460 PMCID: PMC6168411 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Baxα, a key tumor suppressor gene, will not be expressed correctly as a result of single nucleotide mutation in its microsatellite region; Instead, BaxΔ2, an isoform of Baxα, is often produced. In addition, lack of the exon 2 due to an alternative splicing, BaxΔ2 has the same sequence as Baxα except single base deletion from eight continuous guanines (G8) to G7. Most of the currently available methods for Bax∆2 detection are inefficient and time-consuming, and/or require the use of labels or dyes. In this work, we reported a label-free nanopore sensing strategy to differentiate between Baxα and BaxΔ2 with a DNA polymer as a molecular probe based on alternative spliced sequences. Two DNA molecules were designed to selectively detect Baxα and BaxΔ2, respectively. The method was rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive: picomolar concentrations of target nucleic acids could be detected in minutes. Our developed simple and fast nanopore-based detection strategy is not only useful for distinguishing between Baxα and Bax∆2, but also provides a useful tool for detection of other single-base mutations in genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China
| | - Golbarg M Roozbahani
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Jialing Xiang
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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24
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Malile B, Chen JIL. Factors influencing polyelectrolyte-aptamer multilayered films with target-controlled permeability for sensing applications. Analyst 2018; 141:3794-802. [PMID: 26688863 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Portable, easy-to-use and cost-effective sensing devices are desirable in healthcare, environmental monitoring and food safety. Herein we employ polyelectrolyte-aptamer (PE-aptamer) multilayered films that exhibit target-responsive permeability for colorimetric and electrochemical sensing. We present the quantitative detection of an exemplary small molecule, quinine, and address the potential for detection in complex media by examining interference effects. We optimize the film composition and investigate the importance of the structural-switching ability of the aptamer. The results from both platforms are corroborated to provide an outlook on the applicability of the PE-aptamer film for sensing. The label-free detection combined with the readily adaptive assembly process could be invaluable for diverse analytical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Malile
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3.
| | - Jennifer I L Chen
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3.
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25
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Xia N, Feng F, Liu C, Li R, Xiang W, Shi H, Gao L. The detection of mercury ion using DNA as sensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Talanta 2018; 192:500-507. [PMID: 30348424 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mercury ion (Hg2+) is a heavy metal that can cause serious water pollution. With the accumulation of large quantities in lakes, rivers, freshwater and aquatic life, Hg2+ can pass through the food chain, entering the human body and endangering health. Hg2+ detection has therefore become important thereby attracting extensive interests. Currently, several DNA-based sensors have been used for Hg2+ detection because they are not easy to degrade and are very stable. This paper summarizes the application of some DNA-based sensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), analyzes their characteristic, and compares their sensitivity. Future perspectives and possible challenges in this area are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Xia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Fan Feng
- The fourth affiliated hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Raoqi Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wenwen Xiang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Haixia Shi
- P. E. Department of Zhenjiang University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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26
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ZHOU S, TANG P, WANG YJ, WANG L, WANG DQ. Applications of Nanopore Sensing in Detection of Toxic Molecules. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(18)61089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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27
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Gu LQ, Gates KS, Wang MX, Li G. What is the potential of nanolock- and nanocross-nanopore technology in cancer diagnosis? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 18:113-117. [PMID: 29171309 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1410060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Gu
- a Department of Bioengineering and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Kent S Gates
- b Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Michael X Wang
- c Department of Pathology and Immunology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- d Department of Surgery and Ellis Fischel Cancer Center , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
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28
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Engineered Protein Nanopore for Real-time Monitoring Single-molecule Reaction Between Cadmium Ion and Glutathione. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(17)61032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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29
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Wang Y, Tian K, Shi R, Gu A, Pennella M, Alberts L, Gates KS, Li G, Fan H, Wang MX, Gu LQ. Nanolock-Nanopore Facilitated Digital Diagnostics of Cancer Driver Mutation in Tumor Tissue. ACS Sens 2017; 2:975-981. [PMID: 28750524 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer driver mutations are clinically significant biomarkers. In precision medicine, accurate detection of these oncogenic changes in patients would enable early diagnostics of cancer, individually tailored targeted therapy, and precise monitoring of treatment response. Here we investigated a novel nanolock-nanopore method for single-molecule detection of a serine/threonine protein kinase gene BRAF V600E mutation in tumor tissues of thyroid cancer patients. The method lies in a noncovalent, mutation sequence-specific nanolock. We found that the nanolock formed on the mutant allele/probe duplex can separate the duplex dehybridization procedure into two sequential steps in the nanopore. Remarkably, this stepwise unzipping kinetics can produce a unique nanopore electric marker, with which a single DNA molecule of the cancer mutant allele can be unmistakably identified in various backgrounds of the normal wild-type allele. The single-molecule sensitivity for mutant allele enables both binary diagnostics and quantitative analysis of mutation occurrence. In the current configuration, the method can detect the BRAF V600E mutant DNA lower than 1% in the tumor tissues. The nanolock-nanopore method can be adapted to detect a broad spectrum of both transversion and transition DNA mutations, with applications from diagnostics to targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongxin Fan
- Department
of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States
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30
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Gao R, Ying YL, Hu YX, Li YJ, Long YT. Wireless Bipolar Nanopore Electrode for Single Small Molecule Detection. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7382-7387. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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31
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Kamal A, She Z, Sharma R, Kraatz HB. A study of the interactions of Hg(II) with T-T mispair containing hairpin loops. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Roozbahani GM, Chen X, Zhang Y, Xie R, Ma R, Li D, Li H, Guan X. Peptide-Mediated Nanopore Detection of Uranyl Ions in Aqueous Media. ACS Sens 2017; 2:703-709. [PMID: 28580428 PMCID: PMC5450019 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
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Uranium
is one of the most common radioactive contaminants in the
environment. As a major nuclear material in production, environmental
samples (like soil and groundwater) can provide signatures on uranium
production activity inside the facility. Thus, developing a new and
portable analytical technology for uranium in aqueous media is significant
not only for environmental monitoring, but also for nonproliferation.
In this work, a label-free method for the detection of uranyl (UO22+) ions is developed by monitoring the translocation
of a peptide probe in a nanopore. Based on the difference in the number
of peptide events in the absence and presence of uranyl ions, nanomolar
concentration of UO22+ ions could be detected
in minutes. The method is highly selective; micromolar concentrations
of Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, Th4+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ would not interfere with the detection of UO22+ ions. In addition, simulated water samples were
successfully analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golbarg M. Roozbahani
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Ruiqi Xie
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Rui Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Dien Li
- Environmental
Sciences and Biotechnology, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, United States
| | - Huazhong Li
- Henan Jintai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., ZhengZhou, Henan, 450016, PR China
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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33
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Mayne LJ, Christie SDR, Platt M. A tunable nanopore sensor for the detection of metal ions using translocation velocity and biphasic pulses. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19139-19147. [PMID: 27827506 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A tunable resistive pulse sensor, utilising a polyurethane nanopore, has been used to characterise nanoparticles as they traverse the pore opening. Herein we demonstrate that the translocation speed, conductive and resistive pulse magnitude, can be used to infer the surface charge of a nanoparticle, and act as a specific transduction signal for the binding of metal ions to ligands on the particle surface. Surfaces of silica nanoparticles were modified with a ligand to demonstrate the concept, and used to extract copper(ii) ions (Cu2+) from solution. By tuning the pH and ionic strength of the solution, a biphasic pulse, a conductive followed by a resistive pulse is recorded. Biphasic pulses are becoming a powerful means to characterise materials, and provide insight into the translocation mechanism, and herein we present their first use to detect the presence of metal ions in solution. We demonstrate how combinations of translocation speed and/or biphasic pulse behaviour are used to detect Cu2+ with quantitative responses across a range of pH and ionic strengths. Using a generic ligand this assay allows a clear signal for Cu2+ as low as 1 ppm with a short 5-minute incubation time, and is capable of measuring 10 ppm Cu2+ in the presence of 5 other ions. The method has potential for monitoring heavy metals in biological and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Mayne
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
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34
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DUAN J, ZHUO S, YAO FJ, ZHANG YN, KANG XF. A Single-molecule Mycobacterium Smegmatis Porin A Protein Nanopore Sensor for Host-Guest Chemistry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Liu L, Wu HC. DNA-Based Nanopore Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15216-15222. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hai-Chen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Peking 100049 China
| | - Hai-Chen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety; Institute of High Energy Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Peking 100049 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Peking 100190 China
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37
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Zhou S, Wang L, Chen X, Guan X. Label-free nanopore single-molecule measurement of trypsin activity. ACS Sens 2016; 1:607-613. [PMID: 29130069 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin is the most important digestive enzyme produced in the pancreas, and is a useful biomarker for pancreatitis. In this work, a rapid and sensitive method for the quantitative determination of trypsin activity is developed by using a biological alpha-hemolysin protein nanopore. Due to its much larger molecular diameter than the narrow pore constriction, trypsin itself cannot transport through the alpha-hemolysin channel. Hence, an indirect trypsin detection method is developed by monitoring its proteolytic cleavage of a lysine-containing peptide substrate. Based on the current modulations produced by the translocation of the substrate degradation products in the nanopore, the activity levels of trypsin could be determined. The method is rapid and highly sensitive, with picomolar concentrations of trypsin detected in minutes. In addition, the effects of cation and temperature on the sensor sensitivity, trypsin inhibition, and serum sample analysis are also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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38
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Gao R, Ying YL, Yan BY, Iqbal P, Preece JA, Wu X. Ultrasensitive determination of mercury(II) using glass nanopores functionalized with macrocyclic dioxotetraamines. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Reduced graphene oxide conjugate thymine as a new probe for ultrasensitive and selective fluorometric determination of mercury(II) ions. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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40
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Han Y, Zhou S, Wang L, Guan X. Nanopore back titration analysis of dipicolinic acid. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:467-70. [PMID: 25074707 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a novel label-free nanopore back titration method for the detection of dipicolinic acid, a marker molecule for bacterial spores. By competitive binding of the target analyte and a large ligand probe to metal ions, dipicolinic acid could be sensitively and selectively detected. This nanopore back titration approach should find useful applications in the detection of other species of medical, biological, or environmental importance if their direct detection is difficult to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Han
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
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41
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Zeng T, Li T, Li Y, Liu L, Wang X, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Wu HC. DNA-based detection of mercury(II) ions through characteristic current signals in nanopores with high sensitivity and selectivity. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8579-8584. [PMID: 24975417 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02062f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report single-molecule detection of Hg(2+) by threading an Hg(2+)-mediated DNA duplex through α-hemolysin nanopores, which generates characteristic three-level current patterns and enables the unambiguous detection of Hg(2+). This strategy precludes any background interference and features high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the platform could be readily integrated with aptamers and molecular beacons, offering extended possibilities for the construction of a new DNA-based nanopore sensing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety
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42
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Real-time label-free measurement of HIV-1 protease activity by nanopore analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 62:158-62. [PMID: 24997370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A label-free method for the measurement of the activity of HIV-1 protease is developed by real-time monitoring of the cleavage of a peptide substrate by HIV-1 protease in a nanopore. The method is rapid and sensitive: picomolar concentrations of HIV-1 protease could be detected in ~10 min. Simulated clinical samples are analyzed, and the activity of HIV-1 protease could be accurately detected. Our developed nanopore sensor design strategy should find useful applications in the development of stochastic sensors for other proteases of medical, pharmaceutical, and biological importance.
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43
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Wang L, Han Y, Zhou S, Wang G, Guan X. Nanopore biosensor for label-free and real-time detection of anthrax lethal factor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:7334-7339. [PMID: 24806593 PMCID: PMC4039345 DOI: 10.1021/am500749p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a label-free real-time nanopore sensing method for the detection of anthrax lethal factor, a component of the anthrax toxin, by using a complementary single-stranded DNA as a molecular probe. The method is rapid and sensitive: sub-nanomolar concentrations of the target anthrax lethal factor DNA could be detected in ∼1 min. Further, our method is selective, which can differentiate the target DNA from other single-stranded DNA molecules at the single-base resolution. This sequence-specific detection approach should find useful application in the development of nanopore sensors for the detection of other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiyun Guan
- Tel: 01-312-567-8922. Fax: 01-312-567-3494. E-mail:
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44
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Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Ultrasensitive, rapid, and selective detection of mercury using graphene assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:861-868. [PMID: 24590364 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report an extremely sensitive and specific detection of mercuric ions (Hg²⁺) based on graphene assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (GALDI-MS). Combining the highly selective coordination interactions between thymine (T) and Hg²⁺, we present a simple, effective, and novel approach, based on π-π interactions of the T-Hg²⁺-T complex and G that can serve as a platform and matrix for GALDI-MS. The present sensor not only exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity (picomolar) to Hg²⁺ in aqueous solution, but also can elucidate the chemical structures of the metal complexes. The significant advantage in the current approach is that there is no need for a sophisticated instrument, and no sample pretreatment is required to detect the Hg²⁺ ions.
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45
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Wang G, Wang L, Han Y, Zhou S, Guan X. Nanopore detection of copper ions using a polyhistidine probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 53:453-8. [PMID: 24211457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We report a stochastic nanopore sensing method for the detection of Cu(2+) ions. By employing a polyhistidine molecule as a chelating agent, and based on the different signatures of the events produced by the translocation of the chelating agent through an α-hemolysin pore in the absence and presence of target analytes, trace amounts of copper ions could be detected with a detection limit of 40 nM. Importantly, although Co(2+), Ni(2+), and Zn(2+) also interacts with the polyhistidine molecule, since the event residence times and/or blockage amplitudes for these metal chelates are significantly different from those of copper chelates, these metal ions do not interfere with Cu(2+) detection. This chelating reaction approach should find useful application in the development of nanopore sensors for other metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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46
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Kang I, Wang Y, Reagan C, Fu Y, Wang MX, Gu LQ. Designing DNA interstrand lock for locus-specific methylation detection in a nanopore. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2381. [PMID: 24135881 PMCID: PMC3798886 DOI: 10.1038/srep02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. Locus-specific DNA methylation can be used as biomarkers in various diseases including cancer. Many methods have been developed for genome-wide methylation analysis, but molecular diagnotics needs simple tools to determine methylation states at individual CpG sites in a gene fragment. In this report, we utilized the nanopore single-molecule sensor to investigate a base-pair specific metal ion/nucleic acids interaction, and explored its potential application in locus-specific DNA methylation analysis. We identified that divalent Mercury ion (Hg2+) can selectively bind a uracil-thymine mismatch (U-T) in a dsDNA. The Hg2+ binding creates a reversible interstrand lock, called MercuLock, which enhances the hybridization strength by two orders of magnitude. Such MercuLock cannot be formed in a 5-methylcytosine-thymine mismatch (mC-T). By nanopore detection of dsDNA stability, single bases of uracil and 5-methylcytosine can be distinguished. Since uracil is converted from cytosine by bisulfite treatment, cytosine and 5′-methylcytosine can be discriminated. We have demonstrated the methylation analysis of multiple CpGs in a p16 gene CpG island. This single-molecule assay may have potential in detection of epigenetic cancer biomarkers in biofluids, with an ultimate goal for early diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insoon Kang
- Department of Bioengineering and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center
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