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Chanphen R, Pruksatrakul T, Choowong W, Choeyklin R, Surawatanawong P, Isaka M. Ganopyrone A, a highly rearranged lanostane triterpenoid with antimalarial activity from artificially cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma colossus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 224:114168. [PMID: 38823569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed highly modified lanostane triterpenoids, ganopyrone A, ganocolossusin I, and ganodermalactone Y, were isolated from the artificially cultivated fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Ganoderma colossus TBRC-BCC 17711. Ganopyrone A possesses an unprecedented polycyclic carbon skeleton with an α-pyrone ring and C-18/C-23 bond. It showed antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 (multidrug-resistant strain) with an IC50 value of 7.8 μM (positive control: dihydroartemisinin, IC50 1.4 nM), while its cytotoxicity (Vero cells) was much weaker (IC50 103 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachada Chanphen
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Pruksatrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wilunda Choowong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Rattaket Choeyklin
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Panida Surawatanawong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Masahiko Isaka
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
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Yang L, Zhang TT, Ma QY, Xie QY, Guo JC, Lu JJ, Yu ZF, Dai HF, Zhao YX. Lanostane triterpenoids with anti-proliferative and PTP1B/α-glucosidase inhibitory activities from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma calidophilum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 215:113856. [PMID: 37717643 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Twelve previously undescribed and four known lanostane triterpenoids were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma calidophilum. The structures of undescribed compounds, ganodecalones H-S (1-12), were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis as well as ECD and NMR calculations. Compound 4 showed significant inhibitory activity against human leukaemia cell line K562, gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, and cervical cancer cell line HeLa with IC50 values of 13.10 ± 0.19, 17.26 ± 4.75, and 4.36 ± 0.58 μM, respectively. Compound 16 exhibited inhibitory potency against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 30.2 ± 0.13 μM and 120.6 ± 0.14 μM, respectively. The binding sites and interactions of 16 with PTP1B and α-glucosidase were revealed using molecular docking simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qing-Yun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Qing-Yi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jiao-Cen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Jia-Ju Lu
- Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops, Xingyi, Guizhou, 562400, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hao-Fu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
| | - You-Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine of Hainan Province & National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
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3
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Gao B, Zhu L, Liu Z, Li Y, He X, Wu X, Pehrsson P, Sun J, Xie Z, Slavin M, Yu LL. Chemical Composition of Honeysuckle ( Lonicerae japonicae) Extracts and Their Potential in Inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and ACE2 Binding, Suppressing ACE2, and Scavenging Radicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023:acs.jafc.3c00584. [PMID: 37021496 PMCID: PMC10081835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Honeysuckle (Lonicerae japonicae) has been used in functional tea products. The chemical compositions of the water and ethanol extracts of honeysuckle were examined in the present study, along with their potential in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to ACE2, suppressing ACE2 activity, and scavenging reactive free radicals. Thirty-six compounds were tentatively identified from the honeysuckle extracts using HPLC-MS/MS, with ten reported for the first time in honeysuckle. Both honeysuckle extracts inhibited the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2, as well as ACE2 activity. The ethanol extract exhibited a 100% inhibition on binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to ACE2 at 100 mg botanical equivalent/mL, whereas the water extract had a 65% binding inhibition at the same concentration. Furthermore, the water extract exhibited 90% ACE2 activity inhibition, which was stronger than that of the ethanol extract (62% inhibition) at the same botanical weight concentration. In addition, higher total phenolic contents and greater scavenging activities against hydroxyl (HO•), DPPH•, and ABTS•+ radicals were observed in the water extract than the ethanol extract counterpart on a dry botanical weight concentration basis. These findings suggest honeysuckle has the potential to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19 symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of
Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of
Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,
United States
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory,
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
20705, United States
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,
United States
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory,
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
20705, United States
| | - Xiaohua He
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural
Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture,
Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Xianli Wu
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory,
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
20705, United States
| | - Pamela Pehrsson
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory,
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
20705, United States
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory,
Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
20705, United States
| | - Zhuohong Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,
United States
| | - Margaret Slavin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,
United States
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742,
United States
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4
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Hamza A, Ghanekar S, Santhosh Kumar D. Current trends in health-promoting potential and biomaterial applications of edible mushrooms for human wellness. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhang J, Feng N, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang Y, Liu L, Feng J. Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Mushrooms. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 184:219-268. [PMID: 36244999 DOI: 10.1007/10_2022_202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research progress of active compounds and biological activities of medicinal mushroom-Ganoderma spp., Hericium spp., Phellinus spp., and Cordyceps spp. were summarized systematically. The main active compounds of medicinal mushrooms included are polysaccharides, proteins, triterpenes, meroterpenoids, polyphenols and nitrogen-containing compounds. The biological activities of the compounds cover immunomodulatory activity, antitumor activity, hypoglycemic activity, hepatoprotective activity, and activity of regulation of intellectual flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Feng
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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6
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A Review of Ganoderma Triterpenoids and Their Bioactivities. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010024. [PMID: 36671409 PMCID: PMC9856212 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, Ganoderma has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to prevent and treat various diseases. Numerous publications are stating that Ganoderma species have a variety of beneficial medicinal properties, and investigations on different metabolic regulations of Ganoderma species, extracts or isolated compounds have been performed both in vitro and in vivo. However, it has frequently been questioned whether Ganoderma is simply a dietary supplement for health or just a useful "medication" for restorative purposes. More than 600 chemical compounds including alkaloids, meroterpenoids, nucleobases, nucleosides, polysaccharides, proteins, steroids and triterpenes were extracted and identified from Ganoderma, with triterpenes serving as the primary components. In recent years, Ganoderma triterpenes and other small molecular constituents have aroused the interest of chemists and pharmacologists. Meanwhile, considering the significance of the triterpene constituents in the development of new drugs, this review describes 495 compounds from 25 Ganoderma species published between 1984 and 2022, commenting on their source, biosynthetic pathway, identification, biological activities and biosynthesis, together with applications of advanced analytical techniques to the characterization of Ganoderma triterpenoids.
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7
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Chinthanom P, Sappan M, Srichomthong K, Boonpratuang T, Isaka M. Colossolactone J, a highly modified lanostane triterpenoid from a natural fruiting body of Ganoderma colossus. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36121754 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2124987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Colossolactone J (1), an undescribed lanostane triterpenoid was isolated from a natural fruiting body of Ganoderma colossus using silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic method. The absolute configuration was determined by the combination of the modified Mosher's method and detailed NMR data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Chinthanom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Malipan Sappan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kitlada Srichomthong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Masahiko Isaka
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand
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8
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Kumari R, Kumar V, Dhankhar P, Dalal V. Promising antivirals for PLpro of SARS-CoV-2 using virtual screening, molecular docking, dynamics, and MMPBSA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35510600 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2071340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The recent pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that has been spread all over the globe. Therefore, it is an urgent requirement to identify and develop drugs for this contagious infection. The papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS-CoV-2 performs critical functions in virus replication and immune evasion, making it an enticing therapeutic target. SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV PLpro proteases have significant similarities, and an inhibitor discovered for SARS-CoV PLpro is an exciting first step toward therapeutic development. Here, a set of antiviral molecules were screened at the catalytic and S-binding allosteric sites of papain-like protease (PLpro). Molecular docking results suggested that five molecules (44560613, 136277567, S5652, SC75741, and S3833) had good binding affinities at both sites of PLpro. Molecular dynamics analysis like root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), and hydrogen bond results showed that identified molecules with PLpro tend to form stable PLpro-inhibitor(s) complexes. Molecular Mechanics/Position-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) analysis confirmed that antiviral molecules bound PLpro complex had lower energy (-184.72 ± 7.81 to -215.67 ± 6.73 kJ/mol) complexes. Noticeably, computational approaches revealed promising antivirals candidates for PLpro, which may be further tested by biochemical and cell-based assays to assess their potential for SARS-CoV-2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Kumari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India
| | - Viney Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
| | - Poonam Dhankhar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Vikram Dalal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis MO, USA
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Liu Q, Wei Y, Hao Y, Yang J, Pan B, Yang X, Zhou Y, Wang X. Synthesis and Evaluation of Acylated Derivatives of Hederagenin as Inhibitors of HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A Proteases. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221075083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection imposes a major threat to human health. To develop new potent antiviral agents, Hederagenin (HE), a known inhibitor of HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A proteases, was used as a starting material to synthesize 4 types of HE derivatives, HE-3,23-diacyl, HES-3,23-diacyl, HES-3-acyl, and HES-3-oxo-23-acyl. We evaluated the in vitro inhibitory activities of the derivatives against HIV-1 and HCV NS3/4A proteases. (3 β,23)-Di- O-diglutaryl-hederagenin (1b) and (3 β,23)-di- O-(3′,3′-dimethylsuccinyl-hederagenin ethyl ester (2b) exhibited potent inhibitory activities against the HIV-1 and/or HCV NS3/4A proteases with IC50 values < 10 μM, but did not appreciably inhibit general human proteases renin and trypsin. The SARs showed that dicarboxylic acid hemiesters of HE significantly enhance the antiviral activities when C3 or C23 are linked with 6 carbon acyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yongjia Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Bowen Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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10
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Sen D, Debnath B, Debnath P, Debnath S, Zaki MEA, Masand VH. Identification of potential edible mushroom as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor using rational drug designing approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1503. [PMID: 35087077 PMCID: PMC8795408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly pathogenic to humans and has created health care threats worldwide. This urgent situation has focused the researchers worldwide towards the development of novel vaccine or small molecule therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2. Although several vaccines have already been discovered and are in use for the masses, no therapeutic medication has yet been approved by FDA for the treatment of COVID-19. Keeping this in view, in the present study, we have identified promising hits against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 from edible mushrooms. Structure-based virtual screening (VS) of 2433 compounds derived from mushrooms was performed with Mpro protein (6LU7). Four promising hits, namely, Kynapcin-12 (M_78), Kynapcin-28 (M_82), Kynapcin-24 (M_83), and Neonambiterphenyls-A (M_366) were identified based on the result of docking, Lipinski's rule, 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and MM/PBSA binding free energy calculations. Finally, the inhibitory properties of these hits were compared with three known inhibitors, baicalein (1), baicalin (2), and biflavonoid (3). Data indicated that M_78, M_82 and M_83 compounds present in edible mushroom Polyozellus multiplex were potent inhibitors of Mproprotein (6LU7). It could be concluded that edible mushroom Polyozellus multiplex has potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection and identified molecules could be further explored as therapeutic inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Sen
- BCDA College of Pharmacy & Technology, Jessore Road South, Hridaypur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700127, India
| | - Bimal Debnath
- Department of Forestry and Biodiversity, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Pradip Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Majaraja Bir Bikram College, Agartala, Tripura, 799004, India
| | - Sudhan Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhash Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur, Tripura, 799114, India.
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 13318, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Vijay H Masand
- Department of Chemistry, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati, Maharashtra, 444 602, India
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Hasan M, Mia MM, Islam MM, Hasan Saraf MS, Islam MS. A computerized pharmaceutical repurposing approach reveals Semicochliodinol B synthesized from Chrysosporium merdarium as a viable therapeutic contender for Marburg virus's VP35 and VP40 proteins. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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12
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Ishara J, Buzera A, Mushagalusa GN, Hammam ARA, Munga J, Karanja P, Kinyuru J. Nutraceutical potential of mushroom bioactive metabolites and their food functionality. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14025. [PMID: 34888869 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous mushroom bioactive metabolites, including polysaccharides, eritadenine, lignin, chitosan, mevinolin, and astrakurkurone have been studied in life-threatening conditions and diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, hypertension, cancer, DNA damage, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity attempting to identify natural therapies. These bioactive metabolites have shown potential as antiviral and immune system strengthener natural agents through diverse cellular and physiological pathways modulation with no toxicity evidence, widely available, and inexpensive. In light of the emerging literature, this paper compiles the most recent information describing the molecular mechanisms that underlie the nutraceutical potentials of these mushroom metabolites suggesting their effectiveness if combined with existing drug therapies while discussing the food functionality of mushrooms. The findings raise hope that these mushroom bioactive metabolites may be utilized as natural therapies considering their therapeutic potential while anticipating further research designing clinical trials and developing new drug therapies while encouraging their consumption as a natural adjuvant in preventing and controlling life-threatening conditions and diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diabetes, cardiovascular, hypertension, cancer, DNA damage, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity are among the world's largest life-threatening conditions and diseases. Several mushroom bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, eritadenine, lignin, chitosan, mevinolin, and astrakurkurone have been found potential in tackling these diseases through diverse cellular and physiological pathways modulation with no toxicity evidence, suggesting their use as nutraceutical foods in preventing and controlling these life-threatening conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Ishara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Université Evangélique en Afrique, Bukavu, D.R. Congo.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ariel Buzera
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Université Evangélique en Afrique, Bukavu, D.R. Congo.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gustave N Mushagalusa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Université Evangélique en Afrique, Bukavu, D.R. Congo
| | - Ahmed R A Hammam
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Judith Munga
- Department Food Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul Karanja
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John Kinyuru
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
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13
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Chun S, Gopal J, Muthu M. Antioxidant Activity of Mushroom Extracts/Polysaccharides-Their Antiviral Properties and Plausible AntiCOVID-19 Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1899. [PMID: 34943001 PMCID: PMC8750169 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have been long accomplished for their medicinal properties and bioactivity. The ancients benefitted from it, even before they knew that there was more to mushrooms than just the culinary aspect. This review addresses the benefits of mushrooms and specifically dwells on the positive attributes of mushroom polysaccharides. Compared to mushroom research, mushroom polysaccharide-based reports were observed to be significantly less frequent. This review highlights the antioxidant properties and mechanisms as well as consolidates the various antioxidant applications of mushroom polysaccharides. The biological activities of mushroom polysaccharides are also briefly discussed. The antiviral properties of mushrooms and their polysaccharides have been reviewed and presented. The lacunae in implementation of the antiviral benefits into antiCOVID-19 pursuits has been highlighted. The need for expansion and extrapolation of the knowns of mushrooms to extend into the unknown is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manikandan Muthu
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (S.C.); (J.G.)
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14
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Sun L, Liu LP, Wang YZ, Yang L, Zhang C, Yue MX, Dabbour M, Mintah BK, Wang L. Effect of ultrasonication on the metabolome and transcriptome profile changes in the fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum. Microbiol Res 2021; 254:126916. [PMID: 34798539 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of an efficient liquid fermentation method is helpful for food and pharmaceutical applications. This study investigated the effect of ultrasonication on the liquid fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum, a popular edible and medical fungi. Significant changes at both metabolic and transcriptional levels in mycelia were induced by ultrasound treatment. Compared with the control, 857 differential metabolites were identified (578 up- and 279 down-regulated metabolites), with more metabolites biosynthesis after sonication; 569 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (267 up- and 302 down-) and 932 DEGs (378 up- and 554 down-) were identified in ultrasound-treated samples with recovery time of 0.5 and 3 h, respectively. Furthermore, 334 DEGs were continuously induced within the recovery time of 3 h, indicating the lasting influence of sonication on mycelia. The DEGs and differential metabolites were mainly involved in pathways of carbohydrate, energy metabolism, amino acids, terpenoids biosynthesis and metabolism and membrane transport, suggesting that ultrasound induced multifaceted effects on primary and secondary metabolism. Ultrasonication enhanced the triterpenoids production of G. lucidum (34.96 %) by up-regulating the expression of terpenoids synthase genes. This study shows that the application of ultrasound in liquid fermentation of G. lucidum is an efficient approach to produce more metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunsheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Xiang Yue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mokhtar Dabbour
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benjamin Kumah Mintah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Narrative Review: Bioactive Potential of Various Mushrooms as the Treasure of Versatile Therapeutic Natural Product. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090728. [PMID: 34575766 PMCID: PMC8466349 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have remained an eternal part of traditional cuisines due to their beneficial health potential and have long been recognized as a folk medicine for their broad spectrum of nutraceuticals, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic uses. Nowadays, they have been extensively investigated to explain the chemical nature and mechanisms of action of their biomedicine and nutraceuticals capacity. Mushrooms belong to the astounding dominion of Fungi and are known as a macrofungus. Significant health benefits of mushrooms, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antifungal, wound healing, anticancer, immunomodulating, antioxidant, radical scavenging, detoxification, hepatoprotective cardiovascular, anti-hypercholesterolemia, and anti-diabetic effects, etc., have been reported around the globe and have attracted significant interests of its further exploration in commercial sectors. They can function as functional foods, help in the treatment and therapeutic interventions of sub-optimal health states, and prevent some consequences of life-threatening diseases. Mushrooms mainly contained low and high molecular weight polysaccharides, fatty acids, lectins, and glucans responsible for their therapeutic action. Due to the large varieties of mushrooms present, it becomes challenging to identify chemical components present in them and their beneficial action. This article highlights such therapeutic activities with their active ingredients for mushrooms.
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16
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Al-Salihi SAA, Alberti F. Naturally Occurring Terpenes: A Promising Class of Organic Molecules to Address Influenza Pandemics. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:405-419. [PMID: 33939136 PMCID: PMC8090910 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the olden times, infectious diseases have largely affected human existence. The newly emerged infections are excessively caused by viruses that are largely associated with mammal reservoirs. The casualties of these emergencies are significantly influenced by the way human beings interact with the reservoirs, especially the animal ones. In our review we will consider the evolutionary and the ecological scales of such infections and their consequences on the public health, with a focus on the pathogenic influenza A virus. The nutraceutical properties of fungal and plant terpene-like molecules will be linked to their ability to lessen the symptoms of viral infections and shed light on their potential use in the development of new drugs. New challenging methods in antiviral discovery will also be discussed in this review. The authors believe that pharmacognosy is the "wave of future pharmaceuticals", as it can be continually produced and scaled up under eco-friendly requirements. Further diagnostic methods and strategies however are required to standardise those naturally occurring resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrizio Alberti
- School of Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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17
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Ganoderma lucidum: A potential source to surmount viral infections through β-glucans immunomodulatory and triterpenoids antiviral properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:769-779. [PMID: 34197853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) polysaccharides and triterpenoids are the major bioactive compounds and have been used as traditional medicine for ancient times. Massive demands of G. lucidum have fascinated the researchers towards its application as functional food, nutraceutical and modern medicine owing to wide range of application in various diseases include immunomodulators, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective. G. lucidum polysaccharides exhibit immunomodulatory properties through boosting the action of antigen-presenting cells, mononuclear phagocyte system, along with humoral and cellular immunity. β-Glucans isolated from G. lucidum are anticipated to produce an immune response through pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). β-Glucans after binding with dectin-1 receptor present on different cells include macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells and neutrophils produce signal transduction that lead to trigger the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), T cells and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) that refer to cytokines production and contributing to immune response. While triterpenoids produce antiviral effects through inhibiting various enzymes like neuraminidase, HIV-protease, DENV2 NS2B-NS3 protease and HSV multiplication. Polysaccharides and triterpenoids adjunct to other drugs exhibit potential action in prevention and treatment of various diseases. Immunomodulators and antiviral properties of this mushroom could be a potential source to overcome this current pandemic outbreak.
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18
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El-Maradny YA, El-Fakharany EM, Abu-Serie MM, Hashish MH, Selim HS. Lectins purified from medicinal and edible mushrooms: Insights into their antiviral activity against pathogenic viruses. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 179:239-258. [PMID: 33676978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, fungi have been a valuable and promising source of therapeutic agents for treatment of various diseases. Mushroom is a macrofungus which has been cultivated worldwide for its nutritional value and medicinal applications. Several bioactive molecules were extracted from mushroom such as polysaccharides, lectins and terpenoids. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with non-immunologic origin. Lectins were classified according to their structure, origin and sugar specificity. This protein has different binding specificity with surface glycan moiety which determines its activity and therapeutic applications. A wide range of medicinal activities such as antitumor, antiviral, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic were reported from sugar-binding proteins. However, glycan-binding protein from mushroom is not well explored as antiviral agent. The discovery of novel antiviral agents is a public health emergency to overcome the current pandemic and be ready for the upcoming viral pandemics. The mechanism of action of lectin against viruses targets numerous steps in viral life cycle such as viral attachment, entry and replication. This review described the history, classification, purification techniques, structure-function relationship and different therapeutic applications of mushroom lectin. In addition, we focus on the antiviral activity, purification and physicochemical characteristics of some mushroom lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra A El-Maradny
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona H Hashish
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba S Selim
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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19
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Mushroom-derived bioactive compounds potentially serve as the inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: An in silico approach. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:158-172. [PMID: 33520685 PMCID: PMC7836338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now become the world pandemic. There is a race to develop suitable drugs and vaccines for the disease. The anti-HIV protease drugs are currently repurposed for the potential treatment of COVID-19. The drugs were primarily screened against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. With an urgent need for safe and effective drugs to treat the virus, we have explored natural products isolated from edible and medicinal mushrooms that have been reported to possess anti-HIV protease. Experimental procedures We have examined 36 compounds for their potential to be SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors using molecular docking study. Moreover, drug-likeness properties including absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity were evaluated by in silico ADMET analysis. Results Our AutoDock study showed that 25 of 36 candidate compounds have the potential to inhibit the main viral protease based on their binding affinity against the enzyme's active site when compared to the standard drugs. Interestingly, ADMET analysis and toxicity prediction revealed that 6 out of 25 compounds are the best drug-like property candidates, including colossolactone VIII, colossolactone E, colossolactone G, ergosterol, heliantriol F and velutin. Conclusion Our study highlights the potential of existing mushroom-derived natural compounds for further investigation and possibly can be used to fight against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Taxonomy classification by evise Disease, Infectious Disease, Respiratory System Disease, Covid-19, Traditional Medicine, Traditional Herbal Medicine, Phamaceutical Analysis.
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20
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Discovery of mushroom-derived bioactive compound's draggability against nsP3 macro domain, nsP2 protease and envelope glycoprotein of Chikungunya virus: An in silico approach. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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21
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Ezeobiora CE, Igbokwe NH, Amin DH, Mendie UE. Endophytic microbes from Nigerian ethnomedicinal plants: a potential source for bioactive secondary metabolites-a review. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2021; 45:103. [PMID: 34121835 PMCID: PMC8185314 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-021-00561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytes are highly beneficial species of microbes that live in symbiosis with plant tissues in the setting. Endophytes are difficult to isolate in their natural environment, and they are understudied despite being a rich source of bioactive molecules. There are varieties of new infectious diseases emerging across the world, necessitating a constant and expanded search for newer and more efficient bioactive molecules. Nigeria is known for its biodiversity in ethnomedicinal plants, yet these plants are understudied for endophytic microbes harbouring novel bioactive molecules. MAIN BODY Endophytes are a source of novel organic natural molecules and are thought to be drug discovery frontiers. Endophyte research has contributed to the discovery of possible anticancer agents following the discovery of taxol. Endophyte research has contributed to the discovery of possible drug compounds with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimers disease and immunosuppressive properties among others. These breakthroughs provide hope for combating incurable diseases, drug resistance, the emergence of new infectious diseases, and other human health issues. Finding new medicines that may be effective candidates for treating newly emerging diseases in humans has a lot of promise. Most studies have been on fungi endophytes, with just a few reports on bacterial endophytes. The biology of endophytic bacteria and fungi, as well as endophytic microbes isolated from Nigerian medicinal plants, their isolation methods, identification by morphological and molecular methods, fermentation, purification, identification of bioactive compounds and biosynthetic gene clusters are all covered in this study. CONCLUSION In Nigeria, the sourcing and isolation of endophytes harboring biosynthetic gene clusters are still understudied, necessitating a rigorous quest for bioactive molecules in endophytes inhabiting various ethnomedicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijioke E. Ezeobiora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nwamaka H. Igbokwe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Dina H. Amin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Udoma E. Mendie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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22
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Roy A, Ahuja S, Garg S. Fungal Secondary Metabolites: Biological Activity and Potential Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60659-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Hisham Shady N, Youssif KA, Sayed AM, Belbahri L, Oszako T, Hassan HM, Abdelmohsen UR. Sterols and Triterpenes: Antiviral Potential Supported by In-Silico Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E41. [PMID: 33375282 PMCID: PMC7823815 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The acute respiratory syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused severe panic all over the world. The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has already brought massive human suffering and major economic disruption and unfortunately, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 so far. Herbal medicines and purified natural products can provide a rich resource for novel antiviral drugs. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the sterols and triterpenes as potential candidates derived from natural sources with well-reported in vitro efficacy against numerous types of viruses. Moreover, we compiled from these reviewed compounds a library of 162 sterols and triterpenes that was subjected to a computer-aided virtual screening against the active sites of the recently reported SARS-CoV-2 protein targets. Interestingly, the results suggested some compounds as potential drug candidates for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, P.O. Box 61111, New Minia City, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Khayrya A. Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt; (A.M.S.); (H.M.H.)
| | - Lassaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland;
| | - Tomasz Oszako
- Departement of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, 05-090 Sękocin Stary, Poland;
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt; (A.M.S.); (H.M.H.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, P.O. Box 61111, New Minia City, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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24
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Ghiulai R, Roşca OJ, Antal DS, Mioc M, Mioc A, Racoviceanu R, Macaşoi I, Olariu T, Dehelean C, Creţu OM, Voicu M, Şoica C. Tetracyclic and Pentacyclic Triterpenes with High Therapeutic Efficiency in Wound Healing Approaches. Molecules 2020; 25:E5557. [PMID: 33256207 PMCID: PMC7730621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds are among the most common skin conditions, displaying a large etiological diversity and being characterized by different degrees of severity. Wound healing is a complex process that involves multiple steps such as inflammation, proliferation and maturation and ends with scar formation. Since ancient times, a widely used option for treating skin wounds are plant- based treatments which currently have become the subject of modern pharmaceutical formulations. Triterpenes with tetracyclic and pentacyclic structure are extensively studied for their implication in wound healing as well as to determine their molecular mechanisms of action. The current review aims to summarize the main results of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies conducted on lupane, ursane, oleanane, dammarane, lanostane and cycloartane type triterpenes as potential wound healing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Oana Janina Roşca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Diana Simona Antal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
| | - Ioana Macaşoi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (I.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Tudor Olariu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (I.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Octavian Marius Creţu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Mirela Voicu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd EftimieMurgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Codruţa Şoica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timişoara, Romania; (R.G.); (O.J.R.); (M.M.); (R.R.); (C.Ş.)
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25
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Isaka M, Chinthanom P, Choeyklin R, Thummarukcharoen T, Rachtawee P, Sappan M, Srichomthong K, Fujii R, Kawashima K, Mori S. Highly Modified Lanostane Triterpenes from the Wood-Rot Basidiomycete Ganoderma colossus: Comparative Chemical Investigations of Natural and Artificially Cultivated Fruiting Bodies and Mycelial Cultures. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2066-2075. [PMID: 32639735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The wood-rot basidiomycete Ganoderma colossus has been chemically investigated. Comparative analyses of the natural fruiting body, artificially cultivated fruiting bodies, and mycelial cultures resulted in the isolation, in total, of 13 new highly modified lanostanes, ganocolossusins A-H (1-8) and ganodermalactones T-X (9-13), together with 23 known compounds (14-36). There were significant overlaps of the same compounds among the three different states of the fungal materials. Ganocolossusin D (4) displayed the most potent antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 (multi-drug-resistant strain) with an IC50 value of 2.4 μM, while it was noncytotoxic to Vero cells at 50 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Isaka
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Panida Chinthanom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Rattaket Choeyklin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Tuksaporn Thummarukcharoen
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pranee Rachtawee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Malipan Sappan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kitlada Srichomthong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ryoma Fujii
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kawashima
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
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26
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Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Sujarit K, Pattananandecha T, Saenjum C, Lumyong S. Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses. Molecules 2020; 25:E1800. [PMID: 32295300 PMCID: PMC7221821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of viral protease is an important target in antiviral drug discovery and development. To date, protease inhibitor drugs, especially HIV-1 protease inhibitors, have been available for human clinical use in the treatment of coronaviruses. However, these drugs can have adverse side effects and they can become ineffective due to eventual drug resistance. Thus, the search for natural bioactive compounds that were obtained from bio-resources that exert inhibitory capabilities against HIV-1 protease activity is of great interest. Fungi are a source of natural bioactive compounds that offer therapeutic potential in the prevention of viral diseases and for the improvement of human immunomodulation. Here, we made a brief review of the current findings on fungi as producers of protease inhibitors and studies on the relevant candidate fungal bioactive compounds that can offer immunomodulatory activities as potential therapeutic agents of coronaviruses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakarin Suwannarach
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.K.); (K.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.K.); (K.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kanaporn Sujarit
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.K.); (K.S.); (S.L.)
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12110, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Pattananandecha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Chalermpong Saenjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (J.K.); (K.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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Shehla N, Li B, Cao L, Zhao J, Jian Y, Daniyal M, Wahab AT, Khan IA, Liao DF, Rahman AU, Choudhary MI, Wang W. Xuetonglactones A-F: Highly Oxidized Lanostane and Cycloartane Triterpenoids From Kadsura heteroclita Roxb. Craib. Front Chem 2020; 7:935. [PMID: 32039154 PMCID: PMC6990113 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xuetonglactones A–F (1–6), six unreported highly oxidized lanostane- and cycloartane-type triterpenoids along with 22 known scaffolds (7–28) were isolated from the stems of Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib. Compared with previous congeners, xuetonglactone A (1), possesses an unprecedented 20,21-α-epoxide, and xuetonglactone D (4) features an unusual 19-α-hydroperoxyl moiety. The structures and the absolute configurations of the compounds were established by extensive one- and two-dimensional NMR, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic analysis, with those of 1 and 5 confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibition of iNOS activity in LPS-induced macrophages with IC50 values of 22.0, and 17.0 μg/mL, respectively. While compounds 6, 7, 8, and 24 showed potent cytotoxic activities against human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) with the IC50 values of 4.0, 5.8, 5.0, and 6.4 μM, and against human gastric cancer cells (BGC 823) with the IC50 values of 2.0, 5.0, 2.5, and 2.0 μM, respectively. Moreover, plausible biogenetic pathways of (1–6) were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Shehla
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Liang Cao
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Atia-Tul Wahab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Atta-Ur Rahman
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, Academician Atta-ur-Rahman Belt and Road Traditional Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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28
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Wang L, Li JQ, Zhang J, Li ZM, Liu HG, Wang YZ. Traditional uses, chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Ganoderma P. Karst.: a review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42084-42097. [PMID: 35516772 PMCID: PMC9057998 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07219b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, some natural products isolated from the fungi of the genus Ganoderma have been found to have anti-tumor, liver protection, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. This review summarizes the research progress of some promising natural products and their pharmacological activities. The triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids and polysaccharides isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and other species of Ganoderma were reviewed, including their corresponding chemical structures and biological activities. In particular, the triterpenes, polysaccharides and meroterpenoids of Ganoderma show a wide range of biological activities. Among them, the hydroxyl groups on the C-3, C-24 and C-25 positions of the lanostane triterpenes compound were the necessary active groups for the anti-HIV-1 virus. Previous study showed that lanostane triterpenes can inhibit human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease with an IC50 value of 20–40 μM, which has potential anti-HIV-1 activity. Polysaccharides can promote the production of TNF α and IFN-γ by macrophages and spleen cells in mice, and further inhibit or kill tumor cells. Some meroterpenoids contain oxygen-containing heterocycles, and they have significant antioxidant activity. In addition, Ganoderma has been used as a medicine to treat diseases for more than 2000 years, and we also reviewed its traditional uses. In recent years, some natural products isolated from the fungus of the genus Ganoderma have been found to have anti-tumor, liver protection, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Jie-qing Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Kunming 650200
- China
| | - Zhi-min Li
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Kunming 650200
- China
| | - Hong-gao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology
- Yunnan Agricultural University
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Yuan-zhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Kunming 650200
- China
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29
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Dasgupta A, Acharya K. Mushrooms: an emerging resource for therapeutic terpenoids. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:369. [PMID: 31588393 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mankind has always been fascinated with nature and have heavily explored natural products since the ancient times. Evolution of diseases led to research on synthetic structure, specificity and activity-guided treatment. To combat threats of new developing diseases and the deleterious side effects posed by modern therapy, researchers have once again looked back towards natural resources. Although plants have been the main source of natural drugs, lower fungi are being recently paid attention to. Among them, mushrooms have emerged as an under-explored yet immensely rich resource, especially for bioactive terpenoids. A lot of research is going on around the world with mushroom-derived terpenoids especially their medicinal properties, some of which have even been used in pre- and post-clinical studies. From the literatures that are available, it was found that mushroom terpenoids have activity against a wide range of diseases. In this review, we have summarized different mushroom-derived terpenoids and their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhiraj Dasgupta
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
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30
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Zhang LJ, Xie Y, Wang YQ, Xu YY, Mei RQ. Triterpene-farnesyl hydroquinone conjugates from Ganoderma calidophilum. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2199-2204. [PMID: 31542946 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1667346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new lanostane-type triterpenoids characterized with farnesyl hydroquinone moieties, ganocalidoins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma calidophilum, together with two known tripterpenes (3-4). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by extensive spectroscopic data including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Ganocalidoins A and B showed anti-oxidant capacity with IC50 values of 38.7 ± 2.8 and 34.2 ± 1.8 μM, respectively. The compounds did not show tyrosinase inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xie
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yong Xu
- Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Dr. Plant Skin Care Products Co-Development Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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31
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Isaka M, Chinthanom P, Thummarukcharoen T, Boonpratuang T, Choowong W. Highly Modified Lanostane Triterpenes from Fruiting Bodies of the Basidiomycete Tomophagus sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1165-1176. [PMID: 30983350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-one highly modified lanostanes (1-31), together with 19 known compounds (32-50), were isolated from fruiting bodies of the wood-rot basidiomycete Tomophagus sp. The structures were elucidated by analyses of HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The present work demonstrates the high structural diversity of modified lanostane triterpenoids from Tomophagus. This paper also discusses structural revisions of several known derivatives. Some of the isolated compounds exhibited moderate antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 (IC50 5.1-19 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Isaka
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road , Klong Luang , Pathumthani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Panida Chinthanom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road , Klong Luang , Pathumthani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Tuksaporn Thummarukcharoen
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road , Klong Luang , Pathumthani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Thitiya Boonpratuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road , Klong Luang , Pathumthani 12120 , Thailand
| | - Wilunda Choowong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) , 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road , Klong Luang , Pathumthani 12120 , Thailand
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32
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Linnakoski R, Reshamwala D, Veteli P, Cortina-Escribano M, Vanhanen H, Marjomäki V. Antiviral Agents From Fungi: Diversity, Mechanisms and Potential Applications. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2325. [PMID: 30333807 PMCID: PMC6176074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are amongst the most common diseases affecting people worldwide. New viruses emerge all the time and presently we have limited number of vaccines and only few antivirals to combat viral diseases. Fungi represent a vast source of bioactive molecules, which could potentially be used as antivirals in the future. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge of fungi as producers of antiviral compounds and discuss their potential applications. In particular, we have investigated how the antiviral action has been assessed and what is known about the molecular mechanisms and actual targets. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of accurate fungal species identification on antiviral and other natural products studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhanik Reshamwala
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pyry Veteli
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Henri Vanhanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Joensuu, Finland
| | - Varpu Marjomäki
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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33
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Medicinal mushroom: boon for therapeutic applications. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:334. [PMID: 30073119 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low fat content and a trans-isomer of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fibre content, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, sterols, eritadenine and chitosan. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods and drugs. They have outstanding attractive taste, aroma and nutritional value, so are considered as functional food, which means they are beneficial to the body not only in terms of nutrition but also for improved health. Medicinal mushrooms and their extract have a large number of bioactive components called secondary metabolites. The presence of polysaccharide β-glucans or polysaccharide-protein complexes content in mushroom extract have great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory, hypocholesteremia, hepatoprotective nature along with anti-aging. The present review focuses on the comprehensive account of the medicinal properties of various medicinal mushrooms. This will further help the researchers to understand the metabolites and find other metabolites as well from the mushrooms which can be used for the potential development of the drugs to treat various life-threatening diseases.
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34
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Bioactive Molecules in Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms for Human Wellness. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_83-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Linnakoski R, Reshamwala D, Veteli P, Cortina-Escribano M, Vanhanen H, Marjomäki V. Antiviral Agents From Fungi: Diversity, Mechanisms and Potential Applications. Front Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 30333807 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02325/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are amongst the most common diseases affecting people worldwide. New viruses emerge all the time and presently we have limited number of vaccines and only few antivirals to combat viral diseases. Fungi represent a vast source of bioactive molecules, which could potentially be used as antivirals in the future. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge of fungi as producers of antiviral compounds and discuss their potential applications. In particular, we have investigated how the antiviral action has been assessed and what is known about the molecular mechanisms and actual targets. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of accurate fungal species identification on antiviral and other natural products studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhanik Reshamwala
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pyry Veteli
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Henri Vanhanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Joensuu, Finland
| | - Varpu Marjomäki
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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36
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Lazare SS, Désiré S, Joel Ebenezer DT, Brice HT, Rufin Marie TK, Alain WN, Muhammad SA, Gabriel FN. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic secondary metabolites from fruits of Leplaea mayombensis. Nat Prod Res 2017; 33:635-641. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1402321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidjui Sidjui Lazare
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, TWAS Research Unit (TRU) of University of Yaounde I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Soh Désiré
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, The University of Bamenda, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Dameue Tegang Joel Ebenezer
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, TWAS Research Unit (TRU) of University of Yaounde I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Happi Tchakounté Brice
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, The University of Bamenda, Bambili-Bamenda, Cameroon
| | - Toghueo Kouipou Rufin Marie
- Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plant Study, Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agent Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Wembe Ngouonpe Alain
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Shaiq Ali Muhammad
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Folefoc Ngosong Gabriel
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, TWAS Research Unit (TRU) of University of Yaounde I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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37
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Qu L, Li S, Zhuo Y, Chen J, Qin X, Guo G. Anticancer effect of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum in human prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7467-7472. [PMID: 29344190 PMCID: PMC5755215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum, within the Polyporaceae family of Basidiomycota, is a popular traditional remedy medicine used in Asia to promote health and longevity. Compounds extracted from G. lucidum have revealed anticancer, antioxidant and liver protective effects. G. lucidum has been associated with prostate cancer cells. G. lucidum extracts contain numerous bioactive components; however, the exact functional monomer is unknown and the role of triterpenes from G. lucidum (GLT) in prostate cancer remain obscure. The present study investigated the effects of GLT on cell viability, migration, invasion and apoptosis in DU-145 human prostate cancer cells. The results demonstrated that a high dose (2 mg/ml) of GLT inhibits cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner by the regulation of matrix metalloproteases. Furthermore, GLT induced apoptosis of DU-145 cells. In general, GLT exerts its effect on cancer cells via numerous mechanisms and may have potential therapeutic use for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Qu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yumin Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jianfan Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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38
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Abstract
Various viral diseases, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, influenza, and hepatitis, have emerged as leading causes of human death worldwide. Scientific endeavor since invention of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of pox virus in 1967 resulted in better understanding of virus replication and development of various novel therapeutic strategies. Despite considerable advancement in every facet of drug discovery process, development of commercially viable, safe, and effective drugs for these viruses still remains a big challenge. Decades of intense research yielded a handful of natural and synthetic therapeutic options. But emergence of new viruses and drug-resistant viral strains had made new drug development process a never-ending battle. Small-molecule fungal metabolites due to their vast diversity, stereochemical complexity, and preapproved biocompatibility always remain an attractive source for new drug discovery. Though, exploration of therapeutic importance of fungal metabolites has started early with discovery of penicillin, recent prediction asserted that only a small percentage (5-10%) of fungal species have been identified and much less have been scientifically investigated. Therefore, exploration of new fungal metabolites, their bioassay, and subsequent mechanistic study bears huge importance in new drug discovery endeavors. Though no fungal metabolites so far approved for antiviral treatment, many of these exhibited high potential against various viral diseases. This review comprehensively discussed about antiviral activities of fungal metabolites of diverse origin against some important viral diseases. This also highlighted the mechanistic details of inhibition of viral replication along with structure-activity relationship of some common and important classes of fungal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit G Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Sikkim University, Gangtok, India
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39
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40
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Basnet BB, Liu L, Bao L, Liu H. Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of Ganoderma sp.: an update. Mycology 2017; 8:111-124. [PMID: 30123634 PMCID: PMC6059132 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2017.1324529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal mushroom Ganoderma sp. is considered to be a key source for the production of therapeutic agents. Our current review indicates that a limited number (<19%; 79 out of >430) of isolated compounds have been tested and known to be active against several microorganisms and parasites. In this review, we aim to summarise all the antimicrobial and anti-parasitic works on Ganoderma sp. displayed on web of science, google scholar and endnote X7 from 1932 to August 2016. We further present and discuss the structure of active compounds against microorganisms and parasites. In addition, we also discuss the possible further research to identify lead compounds from Ganoderma sp. as a novel strategy to combat the potential global emergence of bad bugs and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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41
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Secondary Metabolites from Higher Fungi. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 106 2017; 106:1-201. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-59542-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Colossolactone H, a new Ganoderma triterpenoid exhibits cytotoxicity and potentiates drug efficacy of gefitinib in lung cancer. Fitoterapia 2016; 114:81-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Ng TB, Cheung RCF, Wong JH, Chan YS, Dan X, Pan W, Wang H, Guan S, Chan K, Ye X, Liu F, Xia L, Chan WY. Fungal proteinaceous compounds with multiple biological activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6601-6617. [PMID: 27338574 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fungi comprise organisms like molds, yeasts and mushrooms. They have been used as food or medicine for a long time. A large number of fungal proteins or peptides with diverse biological activities are considered as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer agents. They encompass proteases, ribosome inactivating proteins, defensins, hemolysins, lectins, laccases, ribonucleases, immunomodulatory proteins, and polysaccharopeptides. The target of the present review is to update the status of the various bioactivities of these fungal proteins and peptides and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Randy Chi Fai Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Dan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenliang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suzhen Guan
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ki Chan
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiuyun Ye
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Ghosh AK, Osswald HL, Prato G. Recent Progress in the Development of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of HIV/AIDS. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5172-208. [PMID: 26799988 PMCID: PMC5598487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 protease inhibitors continue to play an important role in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, transforming this deadly ailment into a more manageable chronic infection. Over the years, intensive research has led to a variety of approved protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. In this review, we outline current drug design and medicinal chemistry efforts toward the development of next-generation protease inhibitors beyond the currently approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Heather L. Osswald
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gary Prato
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Baby S, Johnson AJ, Govindan B. Secondary metabolites from Ganoderma. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 114:66-101. [PMID: 25975187 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma is a genus of medicinal mushrooms. This review deals with secondary metabolites isolated from Ganoderma and their biological significance. Phytochemical studies over the last 40years led to the isolation of 431 secondary metabolites from various Ganoderma species. The major secondary compounds isolated are (a) C30 lanostanes (ganoderic acids), (b) C30 lanostanes (aldehydes, alcohols, esters, glycosides, lactones, ketones), (c) C27 lanostanes (lucidenic acids), (d) C27 lanostanes (alcohols, lactones, esters), (e) C24, C25 lanostanes (f) C30 pentacyclic triterpenes, (g) meroterpenoids, (h) farnesyl hydroquinones (meroterpenoids), (i) C15 sesquiterpenoids, (j) steroids, (k) alkaloids, (l) prenyl hydroquinone (m) benzofurans, (n) benzopyran-4-one derivatives and (o) benzenoid derivatives. Ganoderma lucidum is the species extensively studied for its secondary metabolites and biological activities. Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma colossum, Ganoderma sinense, Ganoderma cochlear, Ganoderma tsugae, Ganoderma amboinense, Ganoderma orbiforme, Ganoderma resinaceum, Ganoderma hainanense, Ganoderma concinna, Ganoderma pfeifferi, Ganoderma neo-japonicum, Ganoderma tropicum, Ganoderma australe, Ganoderma carnosum, Ganoderma fornicatum, Ganoderma lipsiense (synonym G. applanatum), Ganoderma mastoporum, Ganoderma theaecolum, Ganoderma boninense, Ganoderma capense and Ganoderma annulare are the other Ganoderma species subjected to phytochemical studies. Further phytochemical studies on Ganoderma could lead to the discovery of hitherto unknown biologically active secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India.
| | - Anil John Johnson
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - Balaji Govindan
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
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Grienke U, Kaserer T, Pfluger F, Mair CE, Langer T, Schuster D, Rollinger JM. Accessing biological actions of Ganoderma secondary metabolites by in silico profiling. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 114:114-24. [PMID: 25457486 PMCID: PMC4948669 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The species complex around the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum Karst. (Ganodermataceae) is widely known in traditional medicines, as well as in modern applications such as functional food or nutraceuticals. A considerable number of publications reflects its abundance and variety in biological actions either provoked by primary metabolites, such as polysaccharides, or secondary metabolites, such as lanostane-type triterpenes. However, due to this remarkable amount of information, a rationalization of the individual Ganoderma constituents to biological actions on a molecular level is quite challenging. To overcome this issue, a database was generated containing meta-information, i.e., chemical structures and biological actions of hitherto identified Ganoderma constituents (279). This was followed by a computational approach subjecting this 3D multi-conformational molecular dataset to in silico parallel screening against an in-house collection of validated structure- and ligand-based 3D pharmacophore models. The predictive power of the evaluated in silico tools and hints from traditional application fields served as criteria for the model selection. Thus, the focus was laid on representative druggable targets in the field of viral infections (5) and diseases related to the metabolic syndrome (22). The results obtained from this in silico approach were compared to bioactivity data available from the literature. 89 and 197 Ganoderma compounds were predicted as ligands of at least one of the selected pharmacological targets in the antiviral and the metabolic syndrome screening, respectively. Among them only a minority of individual compounds (around 10%) has ever been investigated on these targets or for the associated biological activity. Accordingly, this study discloses putative ligand target interactions for a plethora of Ganoderma constituents in the empirically manifested field of viral diseases and metabolic syndrome which serve as a basis for future applications to access yet undiscovered biological actions of Ganoderma secondary metabolites on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Grienke
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Teresa Kaserer
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Pfluger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christina E Mair
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Richter C, Wittstein K, Kirk PM, Stadler M. An assessment of the taxonomy and chemotaxonomy of Ganoderma. FUNGAL DIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-014-0313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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49
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Xia Q, Zhang H, Sun X, Zhao H, Wu L, Zhu D, Yang G, Shao Y, Zhang X, Mao X, Zhang L, She G. A comprehensive review of the structure elucidation and biological activity of triterpenoids from Ganoderma spp. Molecules 2014; 19:17478-535. [PMID: 25361420 PMCID: PMC6271249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191117478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma triterpenes (GTs) are the major secondary metabolites of Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese medicine, popularly used for complementary cancer therapy. GTs are lanostane-tetracyclic triterpenes. They have been reported to possess anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, antimicrobial and blood fat reducing effects. To date, 316 GTs have been found and their similar chemical structures have proved difficult to elucidate. This paper compiles 316 naturally occurring triterpenes from Ganoderma based on the literature published through January 2013 along with their structures, physiological activities and 13C-NMR spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Huazheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xuefei Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Haijuan Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Lingfang Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Dan Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Guanghui Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yanyan Shao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xin Mao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Lanzhen Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
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Liu LY, Chen H, Liu C, Wang HQ, Kang J, Li Y, Chen RY. Triterpenoids of Ganoderma theaecolum and their hepatoprotective activities. Fitoterapia 2014; 98:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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