1
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Ikeno A, Hayakawa M, Sakai M, Tsutsui Y, Nakatsuka S, Seki S, Hatakeyama T. π-Extended 9b-Boraphenalenes: Synthesis, Structure, and Physical Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38861619 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Boraphenalenes, compounds in which one carbon atom in the phenalenyl skeleton is replaced with a boron atom, have attracted attention for their solid-state and electronic structures; however, the construction of boraphenalene skeletons remains challenging because of the lack of suitable methods. Through this study, we showed that the tandem borylative cyclization of C3-symmetric dehydrobenzo[12]annulenes produces a new class of fully fused boron-atom-embedded polycyclic hydrocarbons possessing a 9b-boraphenalene skeleton. The obtained compounds exhibited high electron-accepting characteristics, and their two-step redox process was reversible in the reductive region, involving interconversion of 9b-boraphenalene between Hückel aromaticity and antiaromaticity. Notably, the benzo[b]fluorene-fused derivative exhibited a stepwise single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) phase transition triggered by thermal annealing. Intermolecular electron coupling calculation of the crystal structures suggested a significant improvement of charge transporting ability associated with the SCSC phase transition. Moreover, adequate photoconductivity was observed for the single crystals before and after the SCSC phase transition through flash photolysis-time-resolved microwave conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Ikeno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mugiho Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsutsui
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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2
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Huang Y, Jia M, Li C, Yang Y, He Y, Luo Y, Huang Y, Zhou L, Lu Z. A spiroacridine-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter for high-efficiency and narrow-band deep-blue OLEDs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3194-3197. [PMID: 38415749 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00154k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
A novel deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule of SAC-BOC was reported. The SAC-BOC-based device exhibits a narrow full width at half maximum of 57 nm, an impressive maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 15.3% and CIE coordinates of (0.144, 0.129).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Mengjiao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Chuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Yuling He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Yanju Luo
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Zhiyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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3
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Kawashiro M, Mori T, Ito M, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Photodissociative Modules that Control Dual-Emission Properties in Donor-π-Acceptor Organoborane Fluorophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303725. [PMID: 37014627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Donor-π-acceptor fluorophores that consist of an electron-donating amino group and an electron-accepting triarylborane moiety generally exhibit substantial solvatochromism in their fluorescence while retaining high fluorescence quantum yields even in polar media. Herein, we report a new family of this compound class, which bears ortho-P(=X)R2 -substituted phenyl groups (X=O or S) as a photodissociative module. The P=X moiety that intramolecularly coordinates to the boron atom undergoes dissociation in the excited state, giving rise to dual emission from the corresponding tetra- and tricoordinate boron species. The susceptibility of the systems to photodissociation depends on the coordination ability of the P=O and P=S moieties, whereby the latter facilitates dissociation. The intensity ratios of the dual emission bands are sensitive to environmental parameters, including temperature, solution polarity, and the viscosity of the medium. Moreover, precise tuning of the P(=X)R2 group and the electron-donating amino moiety led to single-molecule white emission in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Kawashiro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masato Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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4
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of Azadioxa-Planar Triphenylboranes Bridged by Aryl- and Alkylimino Groups and Their Photophysical Properties. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5852-5860. [PMID: 37083363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom-bridged planar triphenylboranes, in which the three phenyl groups are bridged at the ortho positions by heteroatoms, are attracting growing attention as one of the heteroatom-containing π-conjugated molecules. Herein, we developed the synthetic method of planar triphenylboranes bridged by two oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom, and the substituent on the nitrogen atom is derived into various aryl and alkyl groups. A key intermediate bearing an imino group (-NH-) was synthesized from a bis-triflate precursor bridged by two oxo groups via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of benzyl amine and following debenzylation. The X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that the compound exhibits a planar molecular structure which can form a one-dimensionally π-stacked structure. The photophysical and density functional theory studies revealed that their highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are originated from the triphenylborane moiety, while introducing strong electron-withdrawing groups such as the 4-cyanophenyl group on the nitrogen atom can induce the localization of the LUMO at the aryl groups instead of the triphenylborane moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kazuma Oda
- Advanced Core Technology Center, Technology Development Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kita
- Advanced Core Technology Center, Technology Development Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shuichi Oi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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5
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Istiqomah IN, Jang JH, Lee T, Lee YH, Kim C, Jung J, Lee JH, Lee MH. Impact of π-Expanded Boron-Carbonyl Hybrid Acceptors on TADF Properties: Controlling Local Triplet Excited States and Unusual Emission Tuning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15758-15767. [PMID: 36930863 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three donor-acceptor-type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters (PXZBAO (1), PXZBTO (2), and PXZBPO (3)) comprising a phenoxazine (PXZ) donor and differently π-expanded boron-carbonyl (BCO) hybrid acceptor units are proposed. The emitters exhibit red (1) to orange (3) emissions with an increase in the π-expansion in the BCO acceptors. The control of the strength of local aromaticity for the BCO unit and the corresponding LUMO level is attributed to inducing the unusual emission color shifts. The photoluminescence quantum yield and delayed fluorescence lifetime of the emitters are also adjusted by the π-expansion. Notably, although 1 possesses a 3nπ* state in the acceptor unit as a local triplet excited state (3LE, T2), the T2 states of 2 and 3 mainly comprise a 3ππ* state in the acceptor. Consequently, all of the emitters exhibit strong spin-orbit coupling between their T2 and excited singlet (S1) states, leading to a fast reverse intersystem crossing with rate constants of ∼106 s-1. By employing the emitters as dopants, we realize efficient red-to-orange TADF-OLEDs. Maximum external quantum efficiencies of 17.7% for the yellowish-orange (3), 15.5% for the orange (2), and 13.9% for the red (1) devices are achieved, and the values are very close to the theoretical limit predicted from the optical simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Nur Istiqomah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hun Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and 3D Convergence Center, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and 3D Convergence Center, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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6
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Lafzi F, Taskesenligil Y, Canımkurbey B, Pıravadılı S, Kilic H, Saracoglu N. Four-Winged Propeller-Shaped Indole-Modified and Indole-Substituted Tetraphenylethylenes: Greenish-Blue Emitters with Aggregation-Induced Emission Features for Conventional Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44322-44337. [PMID: 36506174 PMCID: PMC9730769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is an extraordinary photochemical phenomenon described by Tang's group in 2001, where the aggregation of some organic molecules enhances their light emission by limiting intramolecular activity in the aggregate state. This phenomenon offers new opportunities for researchers due to its potential applications in optoelectronics, energy, and biophysics. Tetraphenylethylenes (TPEs) are reliable AIE luminogens with a wide range of successful applications in material chemistry. To expand the library of AIE-active TPEs, both a series of TPE analogues, in which the phenyl rotor has been replaced by the indole ring, and indole-substituted TPE derivatives were designed and synthesized through vinyl-aryl and aryl-aryl bond formations using the Suzuki coupling reaction. Efficient synthetic routes that delivered indole-modified and indole-substituted TPEs have been developed, and almost all heterocyclic TPE analogues have demonstrated AIE behavior. Furthermore, to test whether the indole ring can be diversified, two title compounds were converted to a series of bis(indolyl)methane (BIM), and these BIM-TPE materials showed typical AIE properties. Interestingly, two compounds indicated a solvent vapor fuming reversible switch between bright blue emission and greenish-yellow emission. Upon fuming with dichloromethane, their fluorescence spectra showed 8 and 32 nm red-shift and could return to the original state after fuming with hexane. Furthermore, we have explored the effects of replacing the phenyl ring in TPE with indole together with the substitution of TPE with indole ring(s) on the performance of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device applications. In addition, density functional theory calculations; the optical, electrochemical, light emission, electroluminescence characteristics; and admittance spectroscopic analysis of OLED devices of four representative TPEs have been investigated in detail. As a result, the indole-TPEs are potential blue emitters with AIE features for conventional OLEDs, which is a significant color in displays and lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferruh Lafzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk
University, Erzurum25240, Türkiye
| | - Yunus Taskesenligil
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk
University, Erzurum25240, Türkiye
| | - Betül Canımkurbey
- Sabuncuoglu
Serefeddin Health Services Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya05100, Türkiye
| | - Selin Pıravadılı
- Materials
Technologies, Marmara Research Center (MAM), The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Gebze, Kocaeli 41470, Türkiye
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk
University, Erzurum25240, Türkiye
| | - Nurullah Saracoglu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk
University, Erzurum25240, Türkiye
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7
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Nguyen NNT, Mubarok H, Lee T, Tran TQ, Jung J, Lee MH. Highly emissive planarized B, N-diarylated benzonaphthoazaborine compounds for narrowband blue fluorescence. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29892-29899. [PMID: 36321109 PMCID: PMC9580519 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05163j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly fluorescent blue emitters with high color purity are of great significance for optical applications. Herein, a series of planarized B,N-diarylated benzonaphthoazaborine compounds, namely, BzNp (1), BuBzNp (2), Bu2BzNp (3), Bu2BzMeNp (4), and Bu2BzBuNp (5), where electron-donating t Bu and Me groups are differently introduced into the B-Ph, N-Ph, or benzoazaborine rings, are prepared and characterized. All compounds exhibit low-energy absorptions (λ abs = 462-467 nm) and emissions (λ PL = 472-478 nm) remarkably red-shifted compared with those found for the pristine dibenzoazaborine compound (404 and 415 nm, respectively). Although the expansion of π-conjugation in the azaborine ring by replacing one phenyl ring with a naphthyl ring is mainly responsible for the redshifts, the emission is also fine-tuned by attached alkyl groups, which have a greater impact on the B-centered LUMO level at the azaborine ring than at the B-Ph ring. The bandgap control and emission tuning are further supported by electrochemical and theoretical studies. Notably, blue to sky-blue fluorescence of all compounds exhibits unitary photoluminescence quantum yields, narrow full width at half maximum values (∼20 nm), and small Stokes shifts (∼11 nm), indicating strong emissions with high color purity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanif Mubarok
- Department of Chemistry, University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Quyen Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea
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8
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Sakai M, Mori M, Hirai M, Ando N, Yamaguchi S. Planarized Phenyldithienylboranes: Effects of the Bridging Moieties and π‐Extension on the Photophysical Properties and Lewis Acidity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200728. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Sakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Mori
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Masato Hirai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS), and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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9
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Istiqomah IN, Mubarok H, Lee T, Nguyen NTN, Jung J, Lee MH. Planarized
B
,
N
‐diarylated
dibenzoazaborine compounds for deep blue fluorescence. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanif Mubarok
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan South Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan South Korea
| | | | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan South Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan South Korea
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10
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Lim HN, Hong WP, Shin I. 1,4-Azaborines: Origin, Modern Synthesis, and Applications as Optoelectronic Materials. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis short review summarizes the origins and recent progress in 1,4-azaborine research, focusing on synthetic methodologies. Academic laboratories have made significant efforts to generate boron-nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds that mimic arenes. 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-Azaborine motifs have provided breakthrough molecules in applications ranging from medicines to materials. Owing to recent advances in polyaromatic 1,4-azaborine synthesis and applications in industry, the research field is currently undergoing a renaissance. Photo- and electroluminescent properties driven by distinct structural variations are key components in the design of novel 1,4-azaborine structures. In this review, seminal reports on the synthesis of simple 1,4-azaborines to complex π-extended structures are briefly highlighted together along with key optoelectronic properties.1 Introduction2 Non-Fused 1,4-Azaborines3 Monobenzo-Fused 1,4-Azaborines4 Dibenzo-Fused 1,4-Azaborines and Their Derivatives5 Ladder-Type 1,4-Azaborines6 Complex 1,4-Azaborines7 Optoelectronic Properties of Key 1,4-Azaborines8 Conclusion and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Nam Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeungnam University
| | - Wan Pyo Hong
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University
| | - Inji Shin
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology
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11
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Lee YH, Lee W, Lee T, Lee D, Jung J, Yoo S, Lee MH. Blue TADF Emitters Based on B-Heterotriangulene Acceptors for Highly Efficient OLEDs with Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45778-45788. [PMID: 34519475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design of robust boron acceptors plays a key role in the development of boron-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters for the realization of efficient and stable blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, we report a set of donor (D)-acceptor (A)-type blue TADF compounds (1-3) comprising triply bridged triarylboryl acceptors, the so-called B-heterotriangulenes, which differ depending on the identity of one of the bridging groups: methylene (1), dimethylmethylene (2), or oxo (3). The X-ray crystal structures of 2 and 3 reveal a highly twisted D-A connectivity and a completely planar geometry for the B-heterotriangulene rings. All compounds exhibit blue emissions with the unitary photoluminescence quantum yields and small singlet-triplet energy splitting (<0.1 eV) in their doped host films. The compounds exhibit a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate (kRISC ≈ 106 s-1) with short-lived delayed fluorescence (τd ≈ 2 μs), which is found to be promoted by the strong spin-orbit coupling between the local triplet excited state (3LE, T2) and singlet (S1) states. Using compounds 1-3 as the emitters, highly efficient blue TADF-OLEDs are realized. The devices based on the emitters with B-heterotriangulenes exhibit better performances than the device incorporating a singly bridged reference emitter over the whole luminance range. Notably, the device based on the fully dimethylmethylene-bridged emitter (2) achieves the highest maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 28.2% and the lowest efficiency roll-off, maintaining a high EQE value of 21.2% at 1000 cd/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggyun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyup Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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12
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Zhao M, Miao Q. Design, Synthesis and Hydrogen Bonding of B 3 N 6 -[4]Triangulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21289-21294. [PMID: 34343393 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the allylic C=C-C unit with a N-B-N unit at each of the three zigzag edges of [4]triangulene gives rise to B3 N6 -[4]triangulene, which is envisioned to represent a key structural unit of a new hypothetical boron carbon nitride (BC4 N). A tert-butylated B3 N6 -[4]triangulene has been successfully synthesized by three-fold nitrogen-directed borylation, and the X-ray crystallographic analysis indicates that its slightly bent triangular polycyclic framework can be viewed as a 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene connected by three 4π-electron N-B-N units. The HN-B-NH moiety provides a dual hydrogen-bond donor, which forms H-bonds with halide or carboxylate anions in solution, and form DD-AA hydrogen-bond arrays with 2,7-di(tert-butyl)-pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone in the co-crystal. Moreover, the blue fluorescence of B3 N6 -[4]triangulene in solution is responsive to binding p-nitrobenzoate anion through hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Zhao M, Miao Q. Design, Synthesis and Hydrogen Bonding of B
3
N
6
‐[4]Triangulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
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14
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Dhiman A, Giribabu L, Trivedi R. π-Conjugated Materials Derived From Boron-Chalcogenophene Combination. A Brief Description of Synthetic Routes and Optoelectronic Applications. CHEM REC 2021; 21:1738-1770. [PMID: 33844422 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional materials composed of Boron-chalcogenophene conjugates have emerged as promising ensemble featuring commendable optoelectronic properties. This review describes the categories, synthetic routes and optoelectronic applications of a range of boron-chalcogenophene conjugates. Conjugation and linking of different types of tri- and tetra-coordinated boron moieties with chalcogenophenes have remained an important strategy for constructing a range of functional materials. Synthetic protocols have been devised to efficiently prepare such chemically robust conjugates, often exhibiting a myriad of photophysical properties, redox capabilities and also solid-state behaviors. Tin-boron and silicon-boron exchange protocols have been efficiently adapted to access these boron-chalcogenophenes. Few other commonly used methods namely, hydroboration of alkynes as well as electrophilic borylations are also mentioned. The chemical and electronic properties of such boron-chalcogenophene conjugates are directly influenced by the strong Lewis acid character of trivalent boranes which can further alter the intra- and inter- molecular Lewis acid-base interactions. Apart from the synthetic protocols, recent advances in the application of these boron-chalcogenophene conjugates towards analyte sensing, organic electronics, molecular switches and several other aspects will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dhiman
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad,, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.,Professor (AcSIR), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus Sector 19, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201 002, India
| | - Rajiv Trivedi
- Catalysis and Fine Chemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad,, 500007, Telangana, India.,Professor (AcSIR), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC campus Sector 19, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P., 201 002, India
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15
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Ogino K, Hiyama K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of an azadioxa-planar triphenylborane and investigation of its structural and photophysical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2297-2300. [PMID: 33533350 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first successful synthesis of planar triphenylborane 1 with the phenyl groups bridged by oxygen and nitrogen atoms via double nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The hetero atom-bridged 1 has excellent planarity. Its structural and photophysical properties are tunable by altering the bridging atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - K Oda
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Ogino
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Hiyama
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - H Kita
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - S Oi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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16
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Doan TH, Chardon A, Osi A, Mahaut D, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Champagne B, Berionni G. Methylene Bridging Effect on the Structures, Lewis Acidities and Optical Properties of Semi-planar Triarylboranes. Chemistry 2021; 27:1736-1743. [PMID: 32852852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Three synthetic methods towards semi-planar triarylboranes with two aryl rings connected by a methylene bridge have been developed. The fine-tuning of their stereoelectronic properties and Lewis acidities was achieved by introducing fluorine, methyl, methoxy, n-butyl and phenyl groups either at their exocyclic or bridged aryl rings. X-ray diffraction analysis and quantum-chemical calculations provided quantitative information on the structural distortion experienced by the near planar hydro-boraanthracene skeleton during the association with Lewis bases such as NH3 and F- . Though the methylene bridge between the ortho-positions of two aryl rings of triarylboranes decreased the Gibbs free energies of complexation with small Lewis bases by less than 5 kJ mol-1 relative to the classical Lewis acid BAr3 , the steric shielding of the CH2 bridge is sufficient to avoid the formation of Lewis adducts with larger Lewis bases such as triarylphosphines. A newly synthesized spirocyclic amino-borane with a long intramolecular B-N bond that could be dissociated under thermal process, UV-irradiation, or acidic conditions might be a potential candidate in Lewis pairs catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu-Hong Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Aurélien Chardon
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Osi
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Damien Mahaut
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department of Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, 61, rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
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17
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Kumar A, Shin HY, Lee T, Jung J, Jung BJ, Lee MH. Doubly Boron-Doped TADF Emitters Decorated with ortho-Donor Groups for Highly Efficient Green to Red OLEDs. Chemistry 2020; 26:16793-16801. [PMID: 32779254 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Doubly boron-doped thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on a 9,10-diboraanthracene (DBA) acceptor decorated with ortho-donor groups (Cz2oDBA, 2; BuCz2oDBA, 3; DMAC2oDBA, 4) are prepared to realize high-efficiency green-to-red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). X-ray diffraction analyses of 2 and 4 reveal the symmetrical and highly twisted ortho-donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure of the emitters. The twisted conformation leads to a very small energy splitting (ΔEST <0.08 eV) between the excited singlet and triplet states that gives rise to strong TADF, as supported by theoretical studies. Depending on the strength of the donor moieties, the emission color is fine-tuned in the visible region from green (2) to yellow (3) to red (4). Carbazole-containing 2 and 3 exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) approaching 100 %, whereas DMAC-substituted 4 is moderately emissive (PLQY=44 %) in a doped host film. Highly efficient green-to-red TADF-OLEDs are realized with the proposed ortho-D-A-D compounds as emitters. The green and yellow OLEDs incorporating Cz2oDBA (2) and BuCz2oDBA (3) emitters exhibit high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 26.6 % and 21.6 %, respectively. In particular, the green device shows an excellent power efficiency above 100 lm W-1 . A red OLED fabricated with a DMAC2oDBA (4) emitter exhibits a maximum EQE of 10.1 % with an electroluminescence peak at 615 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kim J, Lee T, Ryu JY, Lee YH, Lee J, Jung J, Lee MH. Highly Emissive ortho-Donor–Acceptor Triarylboranes: Impact of Boryl Acceptors on Luminescence Properties. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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19
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Theoretical Study of a Class of Organic D-π-A Dyes for Polymer Solar Cells: Influence of Various π-Spacers. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A class of D-π-A compounds that can be used as dyes for applications in polymer solar cells has theoretically been designed and studied, on the basis of the dyes recently shown by experiment to have the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE), namely the poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-butylhexylthio)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-TZNT] (PBDTS-TZNT) and poly[4,8-bis(4-fluoro-5-(2-butylhexylthio)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-TZNT] (PBDTSF-TZNT) substances. Electronic structure theory computations were carried out with density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory methods in conjunction with the 6−311G (d, p) basis set. The PBDTS donor and the TZNT (naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c]bis(2-octyl-[1,2,3]triazole)) acceptor components were established from the original substances upon replacement of long alkyl groups within the thiophene and azole rings with methyl groups. In particular, the effects of several π-spacers were investigated. The calculated results confirmed that dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d] silole (DTS) acts as an excellent π-linker, even better than the thiophene bridge in the original substances in terms of well-known criteria. Indeed, a PBDTS-DTS-TZNT combination forms a D-π-A substance that has a flatter structure, more rigidity in going from the neutral to the cationic form, and a better conjugation than the original compounds. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap of such a D-π-A substance becomes smaller and its absorption spectrum is more intense and red-shifted, which enhances the intramolecular charge transfer and makes it a promising candidate to attain higher PCEs.
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20
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Yuan K, Kahan RJ, Si C, Williams A, Kirschner S, Uzelac M, Zysman-Colman E, Ingleson MJ. The synthesis of brominated-boron-doped PAHs by alkyne 1,1-bromoboration: mechanistic and functionalisation studies. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3258-3267. [PMID: 34122833 PMCID: PMC8157679 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05404a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a range of brominated-B n -containing (n = 1, 2) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is achieved simply by reacting BBr3 with appropriately substituted alkynes via a bromoboration/electrophilic C-H borylation sequence. The brominated-B n -PAHs were isolated as either the borinic acids or B-mesityl-protected derivatives, with the latter having extremely deep LUMOs for the B2-doped PAHs (with one example having a reduction potential of E 1/2 = -0.96 V versus Fc+/Fc, Fc = ferrocene). Mechanistic studies revealed the reaction sequence proceeds by initial alkyne 1,1-bromoboration. 1,1-Bromoboration also was applied to access a number of unprecedented 1-bromo-2,2-diaryl substituted vinylboronate esters directly from internal alkynes. Bromoboration/C-H borylation installs useful C-Br units onto the B n -PAHs, which were utilised in Negishi coupling reactions, including for the installation of two triarylamine donor (D) groups onto a B2-PAH. The resultant D-A-D molecule has a low optical gap with an absorption onset at 750 nm and emission centered at 810 nm in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yuan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - R J Kahan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - C Si
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - A Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - S Kirschner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - M Uzelac
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - E Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - M J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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21
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Schaub TA, Padberg K, Kivala M. Bridged triarylboranes, ‐silanes, ‐amines, and ‐phosphines as minimalistic heteroatom‐containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Progress and challenges. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A. Schaub
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Kevin Padberg
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyUniversität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Organisch‐Chemisches InstitutRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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22
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Griesbeck S, Michail E, Wang C, Ogasawara H, Lorenzen S, Gerstner L, Zang T, Nitsch J, Sato Y, Bertermann R, Taki M, Lambert C, Yamaguchi S, Marder TB. Tuning the π-bridge of quadrupolar triarylborane chromophores for one- and two-photon excited fluorescence imaging of lysosomes in live cells. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5405-5422. [PMID: 31217943 PMCID: PMC6549598 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00793h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of tetracationic quadrupolar chromophores containing three-coordinate boron π-acceptors linked by different π-bridges, namely 4,4'-biphenyl, 2,7-pyrene, 2,7-fluorene, 3,6-carbazole and 5,5'-di(thien-2-yl)-3,6-diketopyrrolopyrrole, were synthesized. While their neutral precursors 1-5 displayed highly solvatochromic fluorescence, the water-soluble tetracationic target molecules 1M-5M, did not, but their emission colour could be tuned from blue to pink by changing the π-bridge. Compound 5M, containing the diketopyrrolopyrrole bridge, exhibits the most red-shifted absorption and emission maxima and the largest two-photon absorption cross-section (4560 GM at 740 nm in MeCN). Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy studies in live cells confirm localization of the dye at the lysosome. Moreover, the low cytotoxicity, and high photostability of 5M combined with two-photon excited fluorescence imaging studies demonstrate its excellent potential for lysosomal imaging in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Evripidis Michail
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan .
| | - Hiroaki Ogasawara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan .
| | - Sabine Lorenzen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Lukas Gerstner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Theresa Zang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Yoshikatsu Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan .
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Masayasu Taki
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan .
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan .
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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23
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Farrell JM, Mützel C, Bialas D, Rudolf M, Menekse K, Krause AM, Stolte M, Würthner F. Tunable Low-LUMO Boron-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by General One-Pot C-H Borylations. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9096-9104. [PMID: 31117551 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doping has long been recognized as a promising LUMO energy-lowering modification of graphene and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Unfortunately, synthetic difficulties have been a significant bottleneck for the understanding, optimization, and application of precisely boron-doped PAHs for optoelectronic purposes. Herein, a facile one-pot hydroboration electrophilic borylation cascade/dehydrogenation approach from simple alkene precursors is coupled with postsynthetic B-substitution to give access to ten ambient-stable core- and periphery-tuned boron-doped PAHs. These include large hitherto unknown doubly boron-doped analogues of anthanthrene and triangulene. Crystallographic, optical, electrochemical, and computational studies were performed to clarify the effect of boron-doped PAH shape, size, and structure on optoelectronic properties. Our molecular tuning allowed the synthesis of molecules exhibiting visible-range absorption, near-unity fluorescence quantum yields, and, to our knowledge, the most facile electrochemical reductions of any reported ambient-stable boron-doped PAHs (corresponding to LUMO energy levels as low as fullerenes). Finally, our study describes the first implementation of a precise three-coordinate boron-substituted PAH as an acceptor material in organic solar cells with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Farrell
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Carina Mützel
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudolf
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Kaan Menekse
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
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24
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Kumar GR, Behera SK, Thilagar P. Room temperature phosphorescent triarylborane functionalized iridium complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6817-6823. [PMID: 31017596 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00590k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a series of room temperature phosphorescent compounds 1-6 composed of triarylborane (TAB) and cyclometallated iridium complexes. The optical characteristics such as energy of transition and luminescence quantum yield of these compounds can be conveniently fine-tuned by judiciously varying the cyclometallating ligand and the spacer between boron and iridium centers. Compounds 1-6 exhibit bright phosphorescence with the emission color ranging from green to red under a N2 atmosphere. A maximum quantum yield of 0.95 was observed for complex 2. Complexes 1-6 exhibit a rare type of dual emission from singlet and triplet excited states under ambient conditions. The experimental observations are well supported by the theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Rajendra Kumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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25
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Hirai M, Tanaka N, Sakai M, Yamaguchi S. Structurally Constrained Boron-, Nitrogen-, Silicon-, and Phosphorus-Centered Polycyclic π-Conjugated Systems. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8291-8331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Hirai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mika Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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26
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Kitamoto Y, Kobayashi F, Suzuki T, Miyata Y, Kita H, Funaki K, Oi S. Investigation of the Lewis acidic behaviour of an oxygen-bridged planarized triphenylborane toward amines and the properties of their Lewis acid–base adducts. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2118-2127. [PMID: 30667001 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00128f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lewis acid behavior of an oxygen-bridged triphenylborane (1) to amines and the properties of Lewis acid–base adducts of 1 with amines have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitamoto
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kobayashi
- Advanced Technology Center
- Corporate R&D Headquarters
- Konica Minolta
- Inc
- Tokyo 192-8505
| | - Takatsugu Suzuki
- Advanced Technology Center
- Corporate R&D Headquarters
- Konica Minolta
- Inc
- Tokyo 192-8505
| | - Yasuo Miyata
- Advanced Technology Center
- Corporate R&D Headquarters
- Konica Minolta
- Inc
- Tokyo 192-8505
| | - Hiroshi Kita
- Advanced Technology Center
- Corporate R&D Headquarters
- Konica Minolta
- Inc
- Tokyo 192-8505
| | - Kenji Funaki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Shuichi Oi
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
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27
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Hou CL, Yao Y, Wang D, Zhang J, Zhang JL. Orthogonally arranged tripyrrin–BODIPY conjugates with an “edge to plane” mode. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular conjugates consisting of BODIPY and tripyrrin dyes in new “edge to plane” mode with modulated energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Liang Hou
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Da Wang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- P. R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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28
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Dilly S, Fotso Fotso A, Lejal N, Zedda G, Chebbo M, Rahman F, Companys S, Bertrand HC, Vidic J, Noiray M, Alessi MC, Tarus B, Quideau S, Riteau B, Slama-Schwok A. From Naproxen Repurposing to Naproxen Analogues and Their Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7202-7217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Dilly
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris Saclay University, UMR8200 CNRS, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Aurélien Fotso Fotso
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Lejal
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Gloria Zedda
- Bordeaux University, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255), 33405 Talence, France
| | - Mohamad Chebbo
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Fryad Rahman
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Simon Companys
- Bordeaux University, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255), 33405 Talence, France
| | | | - Jasmina Vidic
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Magali Noiray
- Paris Sud University, Paris Saclay University, UMS IPSIT, Intermol, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Bogdan Tarus
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Béatrice Riteau
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, NORT, UMR 1260/1062, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Anny Slama-Schwok
- Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris Saclay University, UMR8200 CNRS, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Paris Saclay University, UR 892, INRA, 78352 Jouy en Josas, France
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29
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Ito M, Ito E, Hirai M, Yamaguchi S. Donor-π-Acceptor Type Unsymmetrical Triarylborane-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Fluorescence Properties, and Photostability. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8449-8456. [PMID: 29846071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A two-step synthesis to prepare tricoordinate organoboron compounds bearing three different aryl groups has been developed. After the first aryl substitution to an aryl boronic ester took place, the intermediate species, that is, bis(diarylborinate) species, was isolated as an air- and moisture-stable solid, which allowed the second aryl substitution to carry out in a selective manner. Subsequently, a series of unsymmetrical triarylboranes possessing a sterically bulky aryl group, triarylamine moiety, and para-functionalized phenyl ring was synthesized. Not only did these triarylboranes exhibit remarkable solvent-dependent fluorescence as expected for donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) systems, they were also accompanied by profound persistence against photoirradiation especially for that bearing a 1,3,5-tri- tert-butylphenyl ring. This survey exemplifies that sufficient electronic and steric modification is key to construct photostable D-π-A type triarylborane-based fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - Emi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - Masato Hirai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) , Nagoya University , Furo, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
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30
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Babu SS, Shanmugam S. Metal-Free γ,δ
-Unsaturated β
-Ketothiolester: Solvatochromism, AIEE and Detection of Picric Acid. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sivakumar Shanmugam
- Department of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai 625021 India
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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32
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Ando N, Kushida T, Yamaguchi S. A planarized B-phenyldibenzoborepin: impact of structural constraint on its electronic properties and Lewis acidity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5213-5216. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02837k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Planarization of B-phenyldibenzo[b,f]borepin allows π-expansion across the B-phenyl group and makes this scaffold a useful electron-accepting unit for donor-π-acceptor type fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ando
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Nagoya University
- Furo
- Chikusa
| | - Tomokatsu Kushida
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Nagoya University
- Furo
- Chikusa
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Nagoya University
- Furo
- Chikusa
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33
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von Grotthuss E, John A, Kaese T, Wagner M. Doping Polycyclic Aromatics with Boron for Superior Performance in Materials Science and Catalysis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther von Grotthuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Alexandra John
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Thomas Kaese
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
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34
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Kushida T, Shirai S, Ando N, Okamoto T, Ishii H, Matsui H, Yamagishi M, Uemura T, Tsurumi J, Watanabe S, Takeya J, Yamaguchi S. Boron-Stabilized Planar Neutral π-Radicals with Well-Balanced Ambipolar Charge-Transport Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14336-14339. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokatsu Kushida
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules
(WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shusuke Shirai
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules
(WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Naoki Ando
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules
(WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Division
of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamagishi
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Takafumi Uemura
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Junto Tsurumi
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department
of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium
on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), and Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules
(WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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35
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Triarylborane-Based Materials for OLED Applications. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091522. [PMID: 28902157 PMCID: PMC6151606 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidisciplinary research on organic fluorescent molecules has been attracting great interest owing to their potential applications in biomedical and material sciences. In recent years, electron deficient systems have been increasingly incorporated into fluorescent materials. Triarylboranes with the empty p orbital of their boron centres are electron deficient and can be used as strong electron acceptors in conjugated organic fluorescent materials. Moreover, their applications in optoelectronic devices, energy harvesting materials and anion sensing, due to their natural Lewis acidity and remarkable solid-state fluorescence properties, have also been investigated. Furthermore, fluorescent triarylborane-based materials have been commonly utilized as emitters and electron transporters in organic light emitting diode (OLED) applications. In this review, triarylborane-based small molecules and polymers will be surveyed, covering their structure-property relationships, intramolecular charge transfer properties and solid-state fluorescence quantum yields as functional emissive materials in OLEDs. Also, the importance of the boron atom in triarylborane compounds is emphasized to address the key issues of both fluorescent emitters and their host materials for the construction of high-performance OLEDs.
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36
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Ohtani S, Gon M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. A Flexible, Fused, Azomethine-Boron Complex: Thermochromic Luminescence and Thermosalient Behavior in Structural Transitions between Crystalline Polymorphs. Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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37
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Suenaga K, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Design and Luminescence Chromism of Fused Boron Complexes Having Constant Emission Efficiencies in Solution and in the Amorphous and Crystalline States. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Suenaga
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku 615-8510 Kyoto Japan
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38
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Nakatsuka S, Gotoh H, Kinoshita K, Yasuda N, Hatakeyama T. Divergent Synthesis of Heteroatom-Centered 4,8,12-Triazatriangulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5087-5090. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hajime Gotoh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Keisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI); 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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39
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Nakatsuka S, Gotoh H, Kinoshita K, Yasuda N, Hatakeyama T. Divergent Synthesis of Heteroatom-Centered 4,8,12-Triazatriangulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hajime Gotoh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Keisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI); 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho Sayo-gun Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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40
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Yan Y, Sun Z, Li C, Zhang J, Lv L, Liu X, Liu X. Thiophene-Fused 1,4-Thiaborins: Synthesis, Structures and Properties. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Technology; Tianjin 300384 People's Republic of China
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41
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Grandl M, Rudolf B, Sun Y, Bechtel DF, Pierik AJ, Pammer F. Intramolecular N→B Coordination as a Stabilizing Scaffold for π-Conjugated Radical Anions with Tunable Redox Potentials. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Grandl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Rudolf
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Yu Sun
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse
54, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Dominique F. Bechtel
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse
54, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Antonio J. Pierik
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse
54, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Frank Pammer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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42
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Yang Z, Mao Z, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhao J, Xu J, Chi Z, Aldred MP. Recent advances in organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:915-1016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00368k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1413] [Impact Index Per Article: 201.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence: harvesting dark triplet excitons to generate bright emissive singlet excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yang
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Zhu Mao
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Zongliang Xie
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Yi Zhang
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Siwei Liu
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Juan Zhao
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Jiarui Xu
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab
- GD HPPC Lab
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies
- School of Chemistry
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43
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Ji L, Griesbeck S, Marder TB. Recent developments in and perspectives on three-coordinate boron materials: a bright future. Chem Sci 2016; 8:846-863. [PMID: 28572897 PMCID: PMC5452272 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We highlight recent developments in the synthesis, optical and electronic properties of 3-coordinate boron compounds and their applications in materials.
The empty pz-orbital of a three-coordinate organoboron compound leads to its electron-deficient properties, which make it an excellent π-acceptor in conjugated organic chromophores. The empty p-orbital in such Lewis acids can be attacked by nucleophiles, so bulky groups are often employed to provide air-stable materials. However, many of these can still bind fluoride and cyanide anions leading to applications as anion-selective sensors. One electron reduction generates radical anions. The π-acceptor strength can be easily tuned by varying the organic substituents. Many of these compounds show strong two-photon absorption (TPA) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) behaviour, which can be applied for e.g. biological imaging. Furthermore, these chromophores can be used as emitters and electron transporters in OLEDs, and examples have recently been found to exhibit efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). The three-coordinate organoboron unit can also be incorporated into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Such boron-doped compounds exhibit very interesting properties, distinct from their all-carbon analogues. Significant developments have been made in all of these areas in recent years and new applications are rapidly emerging for this class of boron compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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44
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Griesbeck S, Zhang Z, Gutmann M, Lühmann T, Edkins RM, Clermont G, Lazar AN, Haehnel M, Edkins K, Eichhorn A, Blanchard-Desce M, Meinel L, Marder TB. Water-Soluble Triarylborane Chromophores for One- and Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Imaging of Mitochondria in Cells. Chemistry 2016; 22:14701-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Griesbeck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tessa Lühmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Robert M. Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Adina N. Lazar
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Martin Haehnel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Katharina Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health; Durham University, University Boulevard; Stockton-on-Tees TS17 6BH UK
| | - Antonius Eichhorn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires; Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS UMR5255), Bâtiment A12, 351 cours de la libération; 33405 TALENCE cedex France
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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45
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Matsuo K, Saito S, Yamaguchi S. A Soluble Dynamic Complex Strategy for the Solution-Processed Fabrication of Organic Thin-Film Transistors of a Boron-Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11984-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS); Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
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46
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Matsuo K, Saito S, Yamaguchi S. A Soluble Dynamic Complex Strategy for the Solution-Processed Fabrication of Organic Thin-Film Transistors of a Boron-Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS); Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa; Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
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47
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Hertz VM, Massoth JG, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. En Route to Stimuli-Responsive Boron-, Nitrogen-, and Sulfur-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry 2016; 22:13181-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin M. Hertz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany), Fax: (+49) 69-798-29260
| | - Julian G. Massoth
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany), Fax: (+49) 69-798-29260
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany), Fax: (+49) 69-798-29260
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany), Fax: (+49) 69-798-29260
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany), Fax: (+49) 69-798-29260
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48
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Nghia NV, Kim JW, Kim Y, Lee MH. Triarylboryl-Functionalized Oxadiazole as a Host Material with Electron Transporting Property for Green PhOLEDs. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Nghia
- Department of Chemistry and EHSRC; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 44610 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woong Kim
- Display Materials & Components Research Center; Korea Electronics Technology Institute; Seongnam-si 13509 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Kim
- Display Materials & Components Research Center; Korea Electronics Technology Institute; Seongnam-si 13509 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and EHSRC; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 44610 Republic of Korea
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49
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P CAS, Thilagar P. Multiple emissive triarylborane-A2H2 and triarylborane-Zn-A2H2 porphyrin conjugates. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:4688-96. [PMID: 26859387 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02678d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triarylborane-A2H2 (1) and triarylborane-Zn-A2H2 porphyrins (2) have been synthesized by acid catalyzed condensation of 4-dimesitylboryl-benzaldehyde and dipyrromethane under ambient conditions. Compounds 1 and 2 showed multiple emission bands upon excitation at the triarylborane dominated absorption region (350 nm). Detailed experimental and computational studies show that the multiple emission features of 1 and 2 arise as a result of a partial energy transfer from the donor (triarylborane) to the acceptor (porphyrin) moieties. Compounds 1 and 2 showed very high selectivities towards fluoride ions compared to other competing anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinna Ayya Swamy P
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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50
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Yin X, Guo F, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Luminescent Main-Chain Organoborane Polymers: Highly Robust, Electron-Deficient Poly(oligothiophene borane)s via Stille Coupling Polymerization. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger A. Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New
Jersey 07102, United States
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