1
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Xie G, Lin S, Wu F, Liu J. Nanomaterial-based ophthalmic drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115004. [PMID: 37433372 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability and side effects of conventional drugs for eye disease necessitate the development of efficient drug delivery systems. Accompanying the developments of nanofabrication techniques, nanomaterials have been recognized as promising tools to overcome these challenges due to their flexible and programmable properties. Given the advances achieved in material science, a broad spectrum of functional nanomaterials capable of overcoming various ocular anterior and posterior segment barriers have been explored to satisfy the demands for ocular drug delivery. In this review, we first highlight the unique functions of nanomaterials suitable for carrying and transporting ocular drugs. Then, various functionalization strategies are emphasized to endow nanomaterials with superior performance in enhanced ophthalmic drug delivery. The rational design of several affecting factors is essential for ideal nanomaterial candidates and is depicted as well. Lastly, we introduce the current applications of nanomaterial-based delivery systems in the therapy of different ocular anterior and posterior segment diseases. The limitations of these delivery systems as well as potential solutions are also discussed. This work will inspire innovative design thinking for the development of nanotechnology-mediated strategies for advanced drug delivery and treatment toward ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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2
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Fernández-Mariño I, Anfray C, Crecente-Campo J, Maeda A, Ummarino A, Teijeiro-Valiño C, Blanco-Martinez D, Mpambani F, Poul L, Devalliere J, Germain M, Correa J, Fernandez-Villamarin M, Allavena P, Fernandez-Megia E, Alonso MJ, Andón FT. Mannose-modified hyaluronic acid nanocapsules for the targeting of tumor-associated macrophages. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1896-1911. [PMID: 36472784 PMCID: PMC10238357 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a class of immune cells that play a key role in tumor immunosuppression, are recognized as important targets to improve cancer prognosis and treatment. Consequently, the engineering of drug delivery nanocarriers that can reach TAMs has acquired special relevance. This work describes the development and biological evaluation of a panel of hyaluronic acid (HA) nanocapsules (NCs), with different compositions and prepared by different techniques, designed to target macrophages. The results showed that plain HA NCs did not significantly influence the polarization of M0 and M2-like macrophages towards an M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype; however, the chemical functionalization of HA with mannose (HA-Man) led to a significant increase of NCs uptake by M2 macrophages in vitro and to an improved biodistribution in a MN/MNCA1 fibrosarcoma mouse model with high infiltration of TAMs. These functionalized HA-Man NCs showed a higher accumulation in the tumor compared to non-modified HA NCs. Finally, the pre-administration of the liposomal liver occupying agent Nanoprimer™ further increased the accumulation of the HA-Man NCs in the tumor. This work highlights the promise shown by the HA-Man NCs to target TAMs and thus provides new options for the development of nanomedicine and immunotherapy-based cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Fernández-Mariño
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Clément Anfray
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, 20072, Italy
| | - Jose Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Akihiro Maeda
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, 20072, Italy
| | - Aldo Ummarino
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, 20072, Italy
| | - Carmen Teijeiro-Valiño
- Nanomag Laboratory, Applied Physics Department, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Dario Blanco-Martinez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | | | - Laurence Poul
- , Curadigm 60 rue de Wattignies, Paris, 75012, France
| | | | | | - Juan Correa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Marcos Fernandez-Villamarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Paola Allavena
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, 20072, Italy
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Megia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Fernando Torres Andón
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, 20072, Italy.
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3
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Mehandole A, Walke N, Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Maji I, Gupta U, Mehra NK, Singh PK. Core-Shell Type Lipidic and Polymeric Nanocapsules: the Transformative Multifaceted Delivery Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:50. [PMID: 36703085 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst the several nano-drug delivery systems, lipid or polymer-based core-shell nanocapsules (NCs) have garnered much attention of researchers owing to its multidisciplinary properties and wide application. NCs are structured core-shell systems in which the core is an aqueous or oily phase protecting the encapsulated drug from environmental conditions, whereas the shell can be lipidic or polymeric. The core is stabilized by surfactant/lipids/polymers, which control the release of the drug. The presence of a plethora of biocompatible lipids and polymers with the provision of amicable surface modifications makes NCs an ideal choice for precise drug delivery. In the present article, multiple lipidic and polymeric NC (LNCs and PNCs) systems are described with an emphasis on fabrication methods and characterization techniques. Far-reaching applications as a carrier or delivery system are demonstrated for oral, parenteral, nasal, and transdermal routes of administration to enhance the bioavailability of hard-to-formulate drugs and to achieve sustained and targeted delivery. This review provide in depth understanding on core-shell NC's mechanism of absorption, surface modification, size tuning, and toxicity moderation which overshadows the drawbacks of conventional approaches. Additionally, the review shines a spotlight on the current challenges associated with core-shell NCs and applications in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Mehandole
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Nikita Walke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India.
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4
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Xu X, Zuo YY. Nanomedicine for Ocular Drug Delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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5
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Nanomedicine for Ocular Drug Delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_32-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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6
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Kongprayoon A, Ross G, Limpeanchob N, Mahasaranon S, Punyodom W, Topham PD, Ross S. Bio-derived and biocompatible poly(lactic acid)/silk sericin nanogels and their incorporation within poly(lactide- co-glycolide) electrospun nanofibers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00330a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bio-derived and biocompatible nanogels based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and silk sericin (SS) have been synthesized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Kongprayoon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Gareth Ross
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biopolymer Group, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Nanteetip Limpeanchob
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sararat Mahasaranon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biopolymer Group, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Paul D. Topham
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sukunya Ross
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biopolymer Group, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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7
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Natesan S, Boddu SHS, Krishnaswami V, Shahwan M. The Role of Nano-ophthalmology in Treating Dry Eye Disease. Pharm Nanotechnol 2020; 8:258-289. [PMID: 32600244 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508666200628034227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multifactorial disease linked to the tears/ocular surface leading to eye discomfort, ocular surface damage, and visual disturbance. Antiinflammatory agents (steroids and cyclosporine A), hormonal therapy, antibiotics, nerve growth factors, essential fatty acids are used as treatment options of DED. Current therapies attempt to reduce the ocular discomfort by producing lubrication and stimulating gland/nerve(s) associated with tear production, without providing a permanent cure for dry eye. Nanocarrier systems show a great promise to revolutionize drug delivery in DED, offering many advantages such as site specific and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. This review presents an overview, pathophysiology, prevalence and etiology of DED, with an emphasis on preclinical and clinical studies involving the use of nanocarrier systems in treating DED. Lay Summary: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease associated with tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation. There are several review articles that summarize DED, disease symptoms, causes and treatment approaches. Nanocarrier systems show a great promise to revolutionize drug delivery in DED, offering many advantages such as site specific and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. Very few review articles summarize the findings on the use of nanotherapeutics in DED. In this review, we have exclusively discussed the preclinical and clinical studies of nanotherapeutics in DED therapy. This information will be attractive to both academic and pharmaceutical industry researchers working in DED therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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8
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Jumelle C, Gholizadeh S, Annabi N, Dana R. Advances and limitations of drug delivery systems formulated as eye drops. J Control Release 2020; 321:1-22. [PMID: 32027938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Topical instillation of eye drops remains the most common and easiest route of ocular drug administration, representing the treatment of choice for many ocular diseases. Nevertheless, low ocular bioavailability of topically applied drug molecules can considerably limit their efficacy. Over the last several decades, numerous drug delivery systems (DDS) have been developed in order to improve drug bioavailability on the ocular surfaces. This review systematically covers the most recent advances of DDS applicable by topical instillation, that have shown better performance in in vivo models compared to standard eye drop formulations. These delivery systems are based on in situ forming gels, nanoparticles and combinations of both. Most of the DDS have been developed using natural or synthetic polymers. Polymers offer many advantageous properties for designing advanced DDS including biocompatibility, gelation properties and/or mucoadhesiveness. However, despite the high number of studies published over the last decade, there are several limitations for clinical translation of DDS. This review article focuses on the recent advances for the development of ocular drug delivery systems. In addtion, the potential challenges for commercialization of new DDS are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Jumelle
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shima Gholizadeh
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Short Term Stability Testing of Efavirenz-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Dispersions. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080397. [PMID: 31398820 PMCID: PMC6723231 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The short term stability of efavirenz-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle and nanostructured lipid carrier dispersions was investigated. Hot High Pressure Homogenization with the capability for scale up production was successfully used to manufacture the nanocarriers without the use of toxic organic solvents for the first time. Glyceryl monostearate and Transcutol® HP were used as the solid and liquid lipids. Tween® 80 was used to stabilize the lipid nanocarriers. A Box-Behnken Design was used to identify the optimum operating and production conditions viz., 1100 bar for 3 cycles for the solid lipid nanoparticles and 1500 bar for 5 cycles for nanostructured lipid carriers. The optimized nanocarriers were predicted to exhibit 10% efavirenz loading with 3% and 4% Tween® 80 for solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, respectively. Characterization of the optimized solid lipid nanoparticle and nanostructured lipid carrier formulations in relation to shape, surface morphology, polymorphism, crystallinity and compatibility revealed stable formulations with particle sizes in the nanometer range had been produced. The nanocarriers had excellent efavirenz loading with the encapsulation efficiency >90%. The optimized nanocarriers exhibited biphasic in vitro release patterns with an initial burst release during the initial 0-3 h followed by sustained release over a 24 h period The colloidal systems showed excellent stability in terms of Zeta potential, particle size, polydispersity index and encapsulation efficiency when stored for 8 weeks at 25 °C/60% RH in comparison to when stored at 40 °C/75% RH. The formulations manufactured using the optimized conditions and composition proved to be physically stable as aqueous dispersions.
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10
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Sapino S, Chirio D, Peira E, Abellán Rubio E, Brunella V, Jadhav SA, Chindamo G, Gallarate M. Ocular Drug Delivery: A Special Focus on the Thermosensitive Approach. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060884. [PMID: 31207951 PMCID: PMC6630567 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of ophthalmic therapeutics is reduced because of the presence of physiological barriers whose primary function is to hinder the entry of exogenous agents, therefore also decreasing the bioavailability of locally administered drugs. Consequently, repeated ocular administrations are required. Hence, the development of drug delivery systems that ensure suitable drug concentration for prolonged times in different ocular tissues is certainly of great importance. This objective can be partially achieved using thermosensitive drug delivery systems that, owing to their ability of changing their state in response to temperature variations, from room to body temperature, may increase drug bioavailability. In the case of topical instillation, in situ forming gels increase pre-corneal drug residence time as a consequence of their enhanced adhesion to the corneal surface. Otherwise, in the case of intraocular and periocular, i.e., subconjunctival, retrobulbar, peribulbar administration, among others, they have the undoubted advantage of being easily injectable and, owing to their sudden thickening at body temperature, have the ability to form an in situ drug reservoir. As a result, the frequency of administration can be reduced, also favoring the patient’s adhesion to therapy. In the main section of this review, we discuss some of the most common treatment options for ocular diseases, with a special focus on posterior segment treatments, and summarize the most recent improvement deriving from thermosensitive drug delivery strategies. Aside from this, an additional section describes the most widespread in vitro models employed to evaluate the functionality of novel ophthalmic drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sapino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniela Chirio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Elena Peira
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Valentina Brunella
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Sushilkumar A Jadhav
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Shivaji University Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416004, India.
| | - Giulia Chindamo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Marina Gallarate
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
- NIS Research Centre, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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11
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Crecente‐Campo J, Alonso MJ. Engineering, on-demand manufacturing, and scaling-up of polymeric nanocapsules. Bioeng Transl Med 2019; 4:38-50. [PMID: 30680317 PMCID: PMC6336665 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanocapsules are versatile delivery systems with the capacity to load lipophilic drugs in their oily nucleus and hydrophilic drugs in their polymeric shell. The objective of this work was to expand the technological possibilities to prepare customized nanocapsules. First, we adapted the solvent displacement technique to modulate the particle size of the resulting nanocapsules in the 50-500 nm range. We also produced nanosystems with a shell made of one or multiple polymer layers i.e. chitosan, dextran sulphate, hyaluronate, chondroitin sulphate, and alginate. In addition, we identified the conditions to translate the process into a miniaturized high-throughput tailor-made fabrication that enables massive screening of formulations. Finally, the production of the nanocapsules was scaled-up both in a batch production, and also using microfluidics. The versatility of the properties of these nanocapsules and their fabrication technologies is expected to propel their advance from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Crecente‐Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus VidaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus VidaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
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12
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Ahlawat J, Henriquez G, Narayan M. Enhancing the Delivery of Chemotherapeutics: Role of Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles. Molecules 2018; 23:E2157. [PMID: 30150595 PMCID: PMC6225169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While pharmaceutical drugs have revolutionized human life, there are several features that limit their full potential. This review draws attention to some of the obstacles currently facing the use of chemotherapeutic drugs including low solubility, poor bioavailability and high drug dose. Overcoming these issues will further enhance the applicability and potential of current drugs. An emerging technology that is geared towards improving overall therapeutic efficiency resides in drug delivery systems including the use of polymeric nanoparticles which have found widespread use in cancer therapeutics. These polymeric nanoparticles can provide targeted drug delivery, increase the circulation time in the body, reduce the therapeutic indices with minimal side-effects, and accumulate in cells without activating the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Given the inroads made in the field of nanodelivery systems for pharmaceutical applications, it is of interest to review and emphasize the importance of Polymeric nanocarrier system for drug delivery in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Ahlawat
- The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Gabriela Henriquez
- Environment Science & Engineering department, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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13
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Santalices I, Gonella A, Torres D, Alonso MJ. Advances on the formulation of proteins using nanotechnologies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Reimondez-Troitiño S, Alcalde I, Csaba N, Íñigo-Portugués A, de la Fuente M, Bech F, Riestra AC, Merayo-Lloves J, Alonso MJ. Polymeric nanocapsules: a potential new therapy for corneal wound healing. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 6:708-721. [PMID: 27392604 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Corneal injuries are one of the most frequently observed ocular diseases, leading to permanent damage and impaired vision if they are not treated properly. In this sense, adequate wound healing after injury is critical for keeping the integrity and structure of the cornea. The goal of this work was to assess the potential of polymeric nanocapsules, either unloaded or loaded with cyclosporine A or vitamin A, alone or in combination with mitomycin C, for the treatment of corneal injuries induced by photorefractive keratectomy surgery. The biopolymers selected for the formation of the nanocapsules were polyarginine and protamine, which are known for their penetration enhancement effect. The results showed that, following topical instillation to a mouse model of corneal injury, all the nanocapsule formulations, either unloaded or loaded with cyclosporine A or vitamin A, were able to stimulate corneal wound healing. In addition, the healing rate observed for the combination of unloaded protamine nanocapsules with mitomycin C was comparable to the one observed for the positive control Cacicol®, a biopolymer known as a corneal wound healing enhancer. Regarding the corneal opacity, the initial grade of corneal haze (>3) induced by the photorefractive keratectomy was more rapidly reduced in the case of the positive control, Cacicol®, than in corneas treated with the nanocapsules. In conclusion, this work shows that drug-free arginine-rich (polyarginine, protamine) nanocapsules exhibit a positive behavior with regard to their potential use for corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Reimondez-Troitiño
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alcalde
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Noemi Csaba
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Almudena Íñigo-Portugués
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María de la Fuente
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Federico Bech
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana C Riestra
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - María J Alonso
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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15
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Betowski D. Predicted phototoxicities of carbon nano-material by quantum mechanical calculations. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 75:102-105. [PMID: 28531816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to develop a predictive model for the phototoxicity potential of carbon nanomaterials (fullerenols and single-walled carbon nanotubes). This model is based on the quantum mechanical (ab initio) calculations on these carbon-based materials and comparison of the triplet excited states of these materials to published work relating phototoxicity of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to their predictive triplet excited state energy. A successful outcome will add another tool to the arsenal of predictive methods for the U.S. EPA program offices as they assess the toxicity of compounds in use or coming into commerce. The basis of this research was obtaining the best quantum mechanical structure of the carbon nanomaterial and was fundamental in determining the triplet excited state energy. The triplet excited state, in turn, is associated with the phototoxicity of the material. This project relies heavily on the interaction of the predictive results (physical chemistry) and the experimental results obtained by biologists and toxicologists. The results of the experiments (toxicity testing) will help refine the predictive model, while the predictions will alert the scientists to red flag compounds. It is hoped that a guidance document for the U.S. EPA will be forthcoming to help determine the toxicity of compounds. This can be a screening tool that would rely on further testing for those compounds found by these predictions to be a phototoxic danger to health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Betowski
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Exposure Methods and Measurement Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 944 E. Harmon Avenue, P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA.
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16
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Preparation and characterization of a lutein loading nanoemulsion system for ophthalmic eye drops. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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17
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Abellan-Pose R, Teijeiro-Valiño C, Santander-Ortega MJ, Borrajo E, Vidal A, Garcia-Fuentes M, Csaba N, Alonso MJ. Polyaminoacid nanocapsules for drug delivery to the lymphatic system: Effect of the particle size. Int J Pharm 2016; 509:107-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Understanding the influence of surface properties of nanoparticles and penetration enhancers for improving bioavailability in eye tissues in vivo. Int J Pharm 2016; 501:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Mahjub R, Allahyar R, Rafiee-Tehrani M, Dorkoosh FA. Preparation and characterization of nanoparticles composed of methylated N-(4-N,N-dimethyl aminobenzyl) chitosan for oral delivery of cyclosporine A. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2015-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCyclosporine is considered a highly lypophilic compound meaning low bioavailability through oral administration. In this study, cyclosporine was entrapped in a novel aromatic, quaternized derivative of chitosan (i.e. methylated N-(4-N,N-dimethyl aminobenzyl) chitosan) in order to improve solubility and bioavailability. Methylated N-(4,N,N-dimethyl aminobenzyl) chitosan was synthesized by the Schiff base reaction method. Polymeric nanoparticles containing cyclosporine was prepared and the physico-chemical properties of prepared nanoparticles were determined. The nanoparticles were studied morphologically using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, the release of cyclosporine from nanoparticles was studied in vitro using simulated intestinal fluid adjusted to pH of 6.8. For the preparation of nanoparticles, different formulations were studied and it was found that proper nanoparticles were prepared in equal concentration (1 mg/mL) of polymer and sodium tri-poly phosphate (TPP). The size, zeta potential, PdI, EE% and LE% of the prepared nanoparticles were reported as 173±36 nm, 23.1±4.18 mV, 0.243±0.05, 97.1±4.38% and 3.2±0.21%, respectively. The TEM images of nanoparticles revealed spherical to sub-spherical nanoparticles with no sign of agglomeration. This study suggests that preparations of nanoparticles composed of methylated N-(4,N,N-dimethyl aminobenzyl) chitosan can be a good candidate for improving the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine.
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Addo RT, Yeboah KG, Siwale RC, Siddig A, Jones A, Ubale RV, Akande J, Nettey H, Patel NJ, Addo E, D’Souza MJ. Formulation and Characterization of Atropine Sulfate in Albumin–Chitosan Microparticles for In Vivo Ocular Drug Delivery. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1677-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Reimondez-Troitiño S, Csaba N, Alonso MJ, de la Fuente M. Nanotherapies for the treatment of ocular diseases. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 95:279-93. [PMID: 25725262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The topical route is the most frequent and preferred way to deliver drugs to the eye. Unfortunately, the very low ocular drug bioavailability (less than 5%) associated with this modality of administration, makes the efficient treatment of several ocular diseases a significant challenge. In the last decades, it has been shown that specific nanocarriers can interact with the ocular mucosa, thereby increasing the retention time of the associated drug onto the eye, as well as its permeability across the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. In this review, we comparatively analyze the mechanism of action and specific potential of the most studied nano-drug delivery carriers. In addition, we present the success achieved until now using a number of nanotherapies for the treatment of the most prevalent ocular pathologies, such as infections, inflammation, dry eye, glaucoma, and retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Reimondez-Troitiño
- Nano-oncologicals Lab, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - N Csaba
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M J Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Dept. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M de la Fuente
- Nano-oncologicals Lab, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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22
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Witting M, Obst K, Friess W, Hedtrich S. Recent advances in topical delivery of proteins and peptides mediated by soft matter nanocarriers. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1355-69. [PMID: 25687276 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and peptides are increasingly important therapeutics for the treatment of severe and complex diseases like cancer or autoimmune diseases due to their high specificity and potency. Their unique structure and labile physicochemical properties, however, require special attention in the production and formulation process as well as during administration. Aside from conventional systemic injections, the topical application of proteins and peptides is an appealing alternative due to its non-invasive nature and thus high acceptance by patients. For this approach, soft matter nanocarriers are interesting delivery systems which offer beneficial properties such as high biocompatibility, easiness of modifications, as well as targeted drug delivery and release. This review aims to highlight and discuss technological developments in the field of soft matter nanocarriers for the delivery of proteins and peptides via the skin, the eye, the nose, and the lung, and to provide insights in advantages, limitations, and practicability of recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Witting
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Obst
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friess
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Xiong MH, Bao Y, Yang XZ, Zhu YH, Wang J. Delivery of antibiotics with polymeric particles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 78:63-76. [PMID: 24548540 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the wide use of antibiotics, bacterial infection is still one of the leading causes of hospitalization and mortality. The clinical failure of antibiotic therapy is linked with low bioavailability, poor penetration to bacterial infection sites, and the side effects of antibiotics, as well as the antibiotic resistance properties of bacteria. Antibiotics encapsulated in nanoparticles or microparticles made up of a biodegradable polymer have shown great potential in replacing the administration of antibiotics in their "free" form. Polymeric particles provide protection to antibiotics against environmental deactivation and alter antibiotic pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Polymeric particles can overcome tissue and cellular barriers and deliver antibiotics into very dense tissues and inaccessible target cells. Polymeric particles can be modified to target or respond to particular tissues, cells, and even bacteria, and thereby facilitate the selective concentration or release of the antibiotic at infection sites, respectively. Thus, the delivery of antibiotics with polymeric particles augments the level of the bioactive drug at the site of infection while reducing the dosage and the dosing frequency. The end results are improved therapeutic effects as well as decreased "pill burden" and drug side effects in patients. The main objective of this review is to analyze recent advances and current perspectives in the use of polymeric antibiotic delivery systems in the treatment of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yan Bao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Xian-Zhu Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yan-Hua Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; High Magnetic Field Laboratory of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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24
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Suresh PK, Sah AK. Nanocarriers for ocular delivery for possible benefits in the treatment of anterior uveitis: focus on current paradigms and future directions. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1747-68. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.938045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti K Suresh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Technology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University,
Raipur-492010, (C.G.), India
| | - Abhishek K Sah
- Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, University Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Technology,
Raipur-492010, (C.G.), India
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25
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26
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Sisson AL, Ekinci D, Lendlein A. The contemporary role of ε-caprolactone chemistry to create advanced polymer architectures. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Luschmann C, Tessmar J, Schoeberl S, Strauss O, Framme C, Luschmann K, Goepferich A. Developing an in situ nanosuspension: a novel approach towards the efficient administration of poorly soluble drugs at the anterior eye. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:385-92. [PMID: 23880334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
With about 50-60 million cases in the US alone, dry eye disease represents a severe health care problem. Cyclosporin A (CsA) would be a potent candidate for a causal therapy. However, CsA is not sufficiently water soluble to be administrated via simple eye drops. We developed an in situ nanosuspension (INS) as a novel approach towards the administration of CsA to the cornea. It precipitates upon contact with the tear fluid and creates CsA nanoparticles that enter the cornea and release the drug by dissolution. We selected two liquid poly(ethylene glycols) (PEG) that dissolve CsA and create nanoparticles by precipitation of CsA upon water contact. Aqueous solutions of PEG and Solutol, a non-ionic surfactant, were well tolerated by primary human epithelial cells in vitro. To determine the critical water content needed for a precipitation, the solubility of CsA was investigated in quaternary systems of drug, solvent, surfactant and water. The best INS formulation showed a particle size of 505 ± 5 nm, a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.23 ± 0.03 and a neutral zeta potential of -0.07 ± 0.05 mV. After single administration to porcine eyes in vitro, 3165 ± 597 ng(CsA)/g(cornea) were detected in corneal tissue, while the levels of Restasis a commercial formulation were, with 545 ± 137 ng(CsA)/g(cornea), significantly lower (P<0.01). These results demonstrate that an INS is a promising, novel approach towards the causal treatment of inflammatory diseases at the anterior eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Luschmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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28
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Andreoni A, Nardo L, Bondani M, Zhao B, Roberts JE. Time-resolved fluorescence studies of fullerene derivatives. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:7203-9. [PMID: 23646878 DOI: 10.1021/jp400877h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene (nano-C60) and its water-soluble derivatives have several clinical applications including use as a drug carrier to bypass the blood-ocular and blood-brain barriers. However, in vitro and in vivo detection of these nanomaterials is limited by their very low fluorescence quantum yield. The accumulation of fullerene and its derivatives in cells is particularly difficult to measure using standard fluorescence microscopy because their fluorescence is barely detectable in aqueous media. We have developed a time-correlated single-photon counting apparatus with which we were not only able to detect the fluorescence of fullerene and its derivatives in water but could also measure fluorescence temporal decays and determine lifetimes in the range of tens of picoseconds. The compounds studied in this report are C60 (fullerene), the partially hydrogenated hydride C60H36, a monomeric cyclodextrin complexed fullerene [(γ-CyD)2/C60], and C60(OH)24 (fullerol). In addition, we examined the effect of aggregation on photophysical properties and identified a very short lifetime component belonging to the fluorescence decay of monomeric fullerene, which is lost with increasing aggregation. These data will help to design nanoparticles that have the appropriate structural and photophysical properties to ultimately be of use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Andreoni
- Department of Science and High Tech and C.N.I.S.M., Unita' di Como, University of Insubria, Como, 22100 Italy.
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29
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Sabzevari A, Adibkia K, Hashemi H, Hedayatfar A, Mohsenzadeh N, Atyabi F, Ghahremani MH, Dinarvand R. Polymeric triamcinolone acetonide nanoparticles as a new alternative in the treatment of uveitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 84:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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30
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Pohlmann AR, Fonseca FN, Paese K, Detoni CB, Coradini K, Beck RCR, Guterres SS. Poly(ϵ-caprolactone) microcapsules and nanocapsules in drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:623-38. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.769956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Frušić-Zlotkin M, Soroka Y, Tivony R, Larush L, Verkhovsky L, Brégégère FM, Neuman R, Magdassi S, Milner Y. Penetration and biological effects of topically applied cyclosporin A nanoparticles in a human skin organ culture inflammatory model. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:938-43. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frušić-Zlotkin
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Ran Tivony
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Liraz Larush
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Lilian Verkhovsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - François Menahem Brégégère
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Rami Neuman
- Department of Cosmetic Surgery; Hadassah Hospital Ein Karem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
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Abstract
The human eye is constantly exposed to sunlight and artificial lighting. Light transmission through the eye is fundamental to its unique biological functions of directing vision and circadian rhythm and therefore light absorbed by the eye must be benign. However, exposure to the very intense ambient radiation can pose a hazard particularly if the recipient is over 40 years of age. There are age-related changes in the endogenous (natural) chromophores (lipofuscin, A2E and all-trans-retinal derivatives) in the human retina that makes it more susceptible to visible light damage. Intense visible light sources that do not filter short blue visible light (400-440 nm) used for phototherapy of circadian imbalance (i.e. seasonal affective disorder) increase the risk for age-related light damage to the retina. Moreover, many drugs, dietary supplements, nanoparticles and diagnostic dyes (xenobiotics) absorb ocular light and have the potential to induce photodamage to the retina, leading to transient or permanent blinding disorders. This article will review the underlying reasons why visible light in general and short blue visible light in particular dramatically raises the risk of photodamage to the human retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert R Wielgus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Hermans K, Van den Plas D, Everaert A, Weyenberg W, Ludwig A. Full factorial design, physicochemical characterisation and biological assessment of cyclosporine A loaded cationic nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:27-35. [PMID: 22634236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles coated with chitosan were prepared using the o/w emulsification solvent evaporation method. A 2(3) full factorial design was used to investigate the effect of 3 preparation parameters on the particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and drug release. In vitro experiments were performed in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the developed nanoparticles. Particle sizes varied from 156 nm to 314 nm, and polydispersity index values of 0.07-0.56 were obtained depending on the different preparation parameters. All nanoparticles showed positive zeta potential values. Nanoparticles prepared with the highest concentration chitosan retained a positive zeta potential after dispersion in simulated lachrymal fluid, which supports the possibility of an electrostatic interaction between these particles and the negatively charged mucus layer at the eye. The in vitro release profile of cyclosporine A from the chitosan-coated nanoparticles was strongly dependent on the release medium used. None of the cationic nanoparticle formulations showed significant cytotoxicity compared to the negative control using human epithelial cells (HaCaT). Cyclosporine A encapsulated in the various nanoparticle formulations remained anti-inflammatory active as significant suppression of interleukine-2 secretion in concanavalin A stimulated Jurkat T cells was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Hermans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium.
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Yavuz B, Bozdağ Pehlivan S, Ünlü N. An overview on dry eye treatment: approaches for cyclosporin a delivery. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:194848. [PMID: 22619624 PMCID: PMC3349326 DOI: 10.1100/2012/194848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome (DES, Keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is a common disorder of the tear film caused by decreased tear production or increased evaporation. Changes in tear composition also promote inflammation on the ocular surface by various mechanisms. Artificial tear drops, tear retention treatment, stimulation of tear secretion, or anti-inflammatory drugs may be used for dry eye treatment according to the severity of the disease. For untreated patients, the risk of ocular infection increases at considerable level and clinical course of the disease may proceed up to infection, corneal ulcer, and blindness. Artificial tears and/or punctual occlusions are used for tear replacement or preservation. New treatment approaches are designed to modify the underlying disease process. For the treatment of severe dry eye disease, cyclosporin A (CsA), the first one of the new generation immunomodulatory drugs, which has an anti-inflammatory effect, is frequently used. CsA has immunosuppressive effects following systemic application. Following local administration of CsA, it is expected to obtain effective drug concentration at the target area and to avoid the various side effects associated with systemic delivery. Microspheres, implants, and liposomes have been developed for administration of CsA subconjunctivally in order to enhance its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burçin Yavuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Bozdağ Pehlivan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Ünlü
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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Tian B, Kaufman PL. Comparisons of actin filament disruptors and Rho kinase inhibitors as potential antiglaucoma medications. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2012; 7:177-187. [PMID: 22737177 PMCID: PMC3378243 DOI: 10.1586/eop.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in the trabecular meshwork play a crucial role in the regulation of trabecular outflow resistance. The actin filament disruptors and Rho kinase inhibitors affect the dynamics of the actomyosin system by either disrupting the actin filaments or inhibiting the Rho kinase-activated cellular contractility. Both approaches induce similar morphological changes and resistance decreases in the trabecular outflow pathway, and thus both have potential as antiglaucoma medications. Although the drugs might induce detrimental changes in the cornea following topical administration, lower drug concentrations in larger volumes as used clinically, but not higher drug concentrations in smaller volumes as used experimentally, could minimize corneal toxicity. Additionally, developments of trabecular meshwork-specific actin filament disruptors or Rho kinase inhibitors, prodrugs and new drug-delivery methods might avoid the drugs' toxicity to the cornea. Gene therapies with cytoskeleton-modulating proteins may mimic the effects of the cytoskeleton-modulating agents and have the potential to permanently decrease trabecular outflow resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohe Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Paul L Kaufman
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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Nair KL, Vidyanand S, James J, Kumar GSV. Pilocarpine-loaded poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles as potential candidates for controlled drug delivery with enhanced ocular pharmacological response. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kuo YC, Lee CL. Methylmethacrylate-sulfopropylmethacrylate nanoparticles with surface RMP-7 for targeting delivery of antiretroviral drugs across the blood-brain barrier. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 90:75-82. [PMID: 22024400 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the capability of methylmethacrylate-sulfopropylmethacrylate (MMA-SPM) nanoparticles (NPs) with grafted RMP-7 (RMP-7/MMA-SPM NPs) to deliver stavudine (D4T), delavirdine (DLV), and saquinavir (SQV) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The permeability coefficients of the three drugs across the BBB were evaluated by a co-culture model containing human brain-microvascular endothelial cells and human astrocytes. An increase in the concentration of ammonium persulfate (APS), the polymerization initiator, enhanced the particle size of drug-loaded RMP-7/MMA-SPM NPs. When the concentration of APS was 0.6%, the average particle diameter was smaller than 50 nm. These spherical drug carriers were uniform in size and displayed a dominant topography of discrete hillocks and deep pits in deposited film. Smaller RMP-7/MMA-SPM NPs yielded a larger drug loading efficiency. The order of drug in the loading efficiency and in the particle uptake was, respectively, D4T>DLV>SQV and D4T>SQV>DLV. Endocytosis of RMP-7/MMA-SPM NPs and tight junction mediation can improve the permeability of D4T, DLV, and SQV across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC.
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du Toit LC, Pillay V, Choonara YE, Govender T, Carmichael T. Ocular drug delivery - a look towards nanobioadhesives. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:71-94. [PMID: 21174606 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.542142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD A major challenge emanating in the design of topical ophthalmic preparations is their short precorneal residence time. Retention of a drug delivery system in the front of the eye is thus desirable. One solution identified to address this concern is a retentive system that can preferably be delivered in a liquid drop form and ultimately remain attached to the corneal tissue owing to incorporation of a bioadhesive component. Forward-thinking approaches are required to achieve advancements in this approach for the attainment of an effective drug concentration at the site of action. Accordingly, several investigators have identified the benefits of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for ophthalmic drug delivery. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW A concerted effort was made to review critically all 'nanobioadhesives', that is, nanosystems designed for ocular drug delivery with the goal of attaining prolonged ocular retention, in a systematic, chronological manner, from their reported point of inception to the present. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN A perspective on possible future trends in this growing field of ocular drug delivery is formulated. TAKE HOME MESSAGE The importance of and need for new developments in the field of ocular nanobioadhesives is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C du Toit
- University of the Witwatersrand, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Malaekeh-Nikouei B, Banaee T, Aghamohammadian J, Mosallaei N, Mohajeri SA. Quantitative LC Analysis of Cyclosporine A in Ocular Samples. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-1963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Venturini CG, Jäger E, Oliveira CP, Bernardi A, Battastini AM, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR. Formulation of lipid core nanocapsules. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Taroni P, D'Andrea C, Valentini G, Cubeddu R, Hu DN, Roberts JE. Fullerol in human lens and retinal pigment epithelial cells: time domain fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:904-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Toxicogenomics of nanoparticulate delivery of etoposide: potential impact on nanotechnology in retinoblastoma therapy. Cancer Nanotechnol 2010; 2:21-36. [PMID: 26069482 PMCID: PMC4452038 DOI: 10.1007/s12645-010-0010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop a suitable formulation with high entrapment efficiency, etoposide-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs) were formulated by single emulsion-solvent evaporation method by changing different formulation parameters such as drug loading, choice of organic solvent and percentage of emulsifier polyvinyl alcohol. The NPs showed higher entrapment efficiency, ~86% (with 15% (w/w) drug loading). The physicochemical parameters revealed smooth topology with size range (240–320 nm), a negative zeta potential (~19 mV) and in vitro sustained-release activity (~60% drug release in 40 days). Greater anti-proliferative activity ~100 times was observed with NPs (IC50 = 0.002 μg/ml) than that of native etoposide (IC50 = 0.2 μg/ml) in retinoblastoma cell line (Y-79). These NPs demonstrated greater (G1/S) blocking and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential as measured by flow cytometry. There was upregulation of apoptotic gene activity in NPs than native etoposide, as revealed through microarray analysis. However, this is the first ever report demonstrating the intricate modulation of genetic network affected by NPs. Collectively, these results suggest that etoposide-loaded NPs could be potentially useful as a novel drug delivery system for retinoblastoma in the future. Nanoparticle-mediated etoposide delivery promotes apoptosis through upregulating several apoptotic inducer genes ![]()
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45
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New techniques for drug delivery to the posterior eye segment. Pharm Res 2010; 27:530-43. [PMID: 20155388 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-0042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery has become an increasingly important field of research especially when treating posterior segment diseases of the eye, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, posterior uveitis and retinitis. These diseases are the leading causes of vision loss in developed countries which require repeated long-term administration of therapeutic agents. New drugs for the medication of the posterior ocular segment have emerged, but most drugs are delivered by repeated intravitreal injections associated with ocular complications. Advances in ocular drug delivery system research are expected to provide new tools for the treatment of the posterior segment diseases, providing improved drug penetration, prolonged action, higher efficacy, improved safety and less invasive administration, resulting in higher patient compliance. This review provides an insight into the recent progress and trends in ocular drug delivery systems for treating posterior eye segment diseases, with an emphasis on transscleral iontophoresis.
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Gökçe EH, Sandri G, Eğrilmez S, Bonferoni MC, Güneri T, Caramella C. Cyclosporine a-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: ocular tolerance and in vivo drug release in rabbit eyes. Curr Eye Res 2010; 34:996-1003. [PMID: 19958116 DOI: 10.3109/02713680903261405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the in vivo efficacy of cyclosporine A-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in rabbit eyes. METHODS SLNs were prepared and administered to the cul-de-sac of rabbits, and the drug amount in aqueous humor was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The irritation was evaluated by modified Draize testing. RESULTS The particle size of SLNs was detected as 225.9 +/- 5.5 nm with a negative surface charge. Aqueous humor drug levels reached 50.53 ng/mL, and there was no serious irritation in rabbit eyes. CONCLUSIONS Topical ophthalmic efficacy of cyclosporine A was enhanced via administration of SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren H Gökçe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey.
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Chitosan-based nanostructures: a delivery platform for ocular therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:100-17. [PMID: 19958805 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscience and nanotechnology has caused important breakthroughs in different therapeutic areas. In particular, the application of nanotechnology in ophthalmology has led to the development of novel strategies for the treatment of ocular disorders. Indeed, the association of an active molecule to a nanocarrier allows the molecule to intimately interact with specific ocular structures, to overcome ocular barriers and to prolong its residence in the target tissue. Over the last decade, our group has designed and developed a delivery platform based on the polysaccharide chitosan, which suits the requirements of the topical ocular route. These nanosystems have been specifically adapted for the delivery of hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs and also polynucleotides onto the eye surface. The results collected up until now suggest the potential of this delivery platform and the subsequent need of a full preclinical evaluation in order to satisfy the specific regulatory demands of this mode of administration.
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Zhao B, He YY, Chignell CF, Yin JJ, Andley U, Roberts JE. Difference in phototoxicity of cyclodextrin complexed fullerene [(gamma-CyD)2/C60] and its aggregated derivatives toward human lens epithelial cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2009; 22:660-7. [PMID: 19281132 PMCID: PMC2800100 DOI: 10.1021/tx800478u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble fullerene derivative gamma-cyclodextrin bicapped C(60) [(gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60), CDF0] has several clinical applications, including use as a drug carrier to bypass the blood ocular barriers or a photosensitizer to treat tumors in photodynamic therapy. We have assessed the potential ocular toxicity of (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60) and its aggregated derivatives induced by UVA and visible light in vitro in human lens epithelial cells (HLE B-3). Cell viability using the MTS assay demonstrated that 2 microM (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60) was highly phototoxic to HLE B-3 cells with UVA irradiation, while no effect was observed in the presence of visible light or when maintained in the dark. In contrast, the aggregated derivative (CDF150) showed neither cytotoxicity nor any phototoxic effect even at 30 microM with either UVA or visible light irradiation. In lens cells treated with (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60), phototoxicity was manifested as apoptosis. Singlet oxygen production measurement using the EPR/TEMP trapping technique determined that (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60) (CDF0) efficiently produced singlet oxygen. The rate of singlet oxygen production decreased with increased aggregation, with no production by the fully aggregated sample formed after 150 min of heating (CDF150). UVA irradiation of HLE B-3 in the presence of (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60) resulted in a significant rise in intracellular protein-derived peroxides. The singlet oxygen quenchers sodium azide and histidine each significantly protected lens cells against (gamma-CyD)(2)/C(60) photodamage, but lutein and Trolox (vitamin E) did not. Clearly, singlet oxygen is an important intermediate in the phototoxicity of monomeric (gamma-CyD)(2)/fullerene. Our results also demonstrate that UVA-blocking sunglasses can limit the ocular phototoxicity of this nanomaterial, while nontoxic endogenous antioxidants like lutein or Trolox cannot provide adequate protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joan E. Roberts
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 212-636-6323. Fax: 212-636-7217. .
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de la Fuente M, Csaba N, Garcia-Fuentes M, Alonso MJ. Nanoparticles as protein and gene carriers to mucosal surfaces. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2008; 3:845-57. [DOI: 10.2217/17435889.3.6.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most exciting and challenging applications of nanotechnology in medicine is the development of nanocarriers for the intraepithelial delivery of biomacromolecules through mucosal surfaces. These biomacromolecules represent an increasingly important segment of the therapeutic arsenal; however, their potential is still limited by their instability and inability to cross biological barriers. Nanoparticle carriers have emerged as one of the most promising technologies to overcome this limitation, owing mainly to their demonstrated capacity to interact with biological barriers. In this review, we summarize the current advances made on nanoparticles designed for transmucosal delivery. Supported by the examples of a variety of therapeutic macromolecules – peptides and proteins, gene medicines and vaccines – we review the lessons learned from the past and we offer a future perspective for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Fuente
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noémi Csaba
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Alonso
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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