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Clayton RB, Myrick JG, Dale KR, Park J, Sarra E, Hechlik E. Diminishing Psychological Reactance Through Self-Transcendent Media Experiences: A Self-Report and Psychophysiological Investigation. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:1738-1749. [PMID: 37491723 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2233705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Health communication scholars have provided ample evidence demonstrating the ways in which freedom-threatening language used in persuasive health messages evokes freedom-threat perceptions, state psychological reactance, and intentions to engage in behaviors opposite of those recommended by the health message. This study examined a novel mitigation strategy for diminishing these outcomes. We examined whether prior exposure to entertainment portrayals of moral virtue (versus a neutral video) can dampen audiences' psychological reactance, intentions to consume alcohol, and defensive message processing via their psychophysiological responses to a subsequent, freedom-threatening excessive alcohol consumption public service announcement (PSA). The results revealed that participants who viewed entertainment portrayals of moral virtue (N = 50 college-aged participants) self-reported higher levels of elevation, moved, and inspiration relative to participants in the control condition (N = 50 college-aged participants). Participants who were exposed to entertainment portrayals of moral virtue prior to the excessive alcohol consumption PSA also self-reported less psychological reactance and fewer behavioral intentions to consume alcohol following the excessive alcohol consumption PSA than participants in the control condition. Consistent with these self-report data, participants in the entertainment portrayals of moral virtue condition exhibited less defensive message processing of the excessive alcohol consumption PSA via their psychophysiological responses relative to the control group. The results indicate that initial exposure to entertainment portrayals of moral virtue can dampen audiences' cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses to a subsequent, freedom-threatening health message, thereby increasing the chances of improved health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell B Clayton
- School of Communication, Cognition and Emotion Lab, Florida State University
| | - Jessica G Myrick
- Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications, Penn State University
| | - Katherine R Dale
- School of Communication, Cognition and Emotion Lab, Florida State University
| | - Junho Park
- School of Communication, Cognition and Emotion Lab, Florida State University
| | - Emily Sarra
- School of Communication, Cognition and Emotion Lab, Florida State University
| | - Ella Hechlik
- School of Communication, Cognition and Emotion Lab, Florida State University
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Xia W, Wai Li LM. When and how to share? The role of inspiration. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:336-350. [PMID: 35659508 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2080038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sharing what we know with others has an important role in facilitating people's social learning and communication across settings. To advance the understanding of when and how people share, the present study examined the role of inspiration, an emotion that contains strong motivational elements, on people's sharing tendencies in three studies. Study 1 showed a positive association between the inspiring level of a given message and its likelihood of being shared. Study 2 replicated the finding with carefully controlling for the effect of positivity of a given message. Study 3 further provided evidence that inspiration shaped how people share. The results showed that participants shared inspiring messages in a more innovative way than when they shared less inspiring messages. The present research has implications for how to promote the sharing process in different settings through the role of inspiration.
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Weiss B, Ginige I, Shannon L, Giribaldi B, Murphy-Beiner A, Murphy R, Baker-Jones M, Martell J, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL, Erritzoe D. Personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v. escitalopram treatment for depression. Psychol Med 2024; 54:178-192. [PMID: 37264814 PMCID: PMC10692311 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psilocybin Therapy (PT) is being increasingly studied as a psychiatric intervention. Personality relates to mental health and can be used to probe the nature of PT's therapeutic action. METHODS In a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, active comparator controlled trial involving patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder, we compared psilocybin with escitalopram, over a core 6-week trial period. Five-Factor model personality domains, Big Five Aspect Scale Openness aspects, Absorption, and Impulsivity were measured at Baseline, Week 6, and Month 6 follow-up. RESULTS PT was associated with decreases in neuroticism (B = -0.63), introversion (B = -0.38), disagreeableness (B = -0.47), impulsivity (B = -0.40), and increases in absorption (B = 0.32), conscientiousness (B = 0.30), and openness (B = 0.23) at week 6, with neuroticism (B = -0.47) and disagreeableness (B = -0.41) remaining decreased at month 6. Escitalopram Treatment (ET) was associated with decreases in neuroticism (B = -0.38), disagreeableness (B = -0.26), impulsivity (B = -0.35), and increases in openness (B = 0.28) at week 6, with neuroticism (B = -0.46) remaining decreased at month 6. No significant between-condition differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS Personality changes across both conditions were in a direction consistent with improved mental health. With the possible exception of trait absorption, there were no compelling between-condition differences warranting conclusions regarding a selective action of PT (v. ET) on personality; however, post-ET changes in personality were significantly moderated by pre-trial positive expectancy for escitalopram, whereas expectancy did not moderate response to PT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Weiss
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Induni Ginige
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lu Shannon
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Giribaldi
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ashleigh Murphy-Beiner
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roberta Murphy
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michelle Baker-Jones
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jonny Martell
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J. Nutt
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robin L. Carhart-Harris
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Psychedelics Division, Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Erritzoe
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Division of Academic Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Hao J, Lu W, Gong W, Chen X. Inspired in Adversity: How Inspiration Mediates the Effects of Emotions on Coping Strategies. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5185-5196. [PMID: 38148777 PMCID: PMC10750482 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s425643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inspiration is a psychological construct that has been relatively understudied in times of difficulty. This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of inspiration on the relationship between emotions and coping strategies in the context of adversity and to testify the effect in Chinese as well as the International societies. Participants and Methods Using the snowball sampling method, two survey studies were conducted among 523 Chinese and 503 international participants during and soon after the local Covid-19 outbreak to testify how positive and negative emotions contributed to various coping strategies and whether the experience of inspiration mediated these relations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Results Positive emotions had a higher impact on problem-solving and seeking social support coping strategies, whereas negative emotions had a higher impact on avoidance coping strategy. Both positive and negative emotions had positive relationships with inspiration, but positive emotions had a higher impact than negative ones. The indirect effects of emotions on problem-solving and social support coping strategies through inspiration were significantly positive, while the avoidance coping strategy was not influenced by the experience of inspiration. Conclusion The results suggest that being inspired in both positive and negative emotions is positively related to approach coping strategies in adverse situations such as COVID-19, with the effect patterns slightly differing between Chinese participants and their Western counterparts. This study highlights the importance of inspiration experience as a motivational state that can help individuals bring newly acquired ideas into fruition, especially during times of difficulty. By understanding the role of inspiration in the context of adversity, public health systems can better assist individuals in different societies to cope with the challenges they face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hao
- School of English for International Business, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijian Lu
- School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Wanqi Gong
- School of Journalism and Communication, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Chen
- School of Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zou X, Wang DJ, Wildschut T, Sedikides C, Cable D. Cultural distances between home and host countries inspire sojourners to engage in intercultural exchange upon repatriation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17518. [PMID: 37845352 PMCID: PMC10579379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We examine how cultural distance between sojourners' country of origin and their host country influences their engagement in intercultural exchange upon return. One might expect intercultural exchange to be much harder between culturally-distant countries than culturally-close ones, given that the former vary more in norms or expected behaviors from one's home country. Our novel theorizing, however, leads to precisely the opposite expectations. In particular, we hypothesized that cultural distance between the repatriates' home and host countries would be positively associated with being inspired by the host culture. In turn, this heightened inspiration would predict an increased sharing of knowledge about the host culture upon returning home (intercultural exchange). We combined measurement-of-mediation (Study 1) and experimental-causal-chain (Studies 2-3) approaches to test and confirm these hypotheses in three large samples of repatriates. We first examined whether cultural distance predicted greater intercultural exchange via repatriates' heightened inspiration (Study 1). We then tested the individual links in this postulated causal chain. In Study 2, a quasi-experiment, we examined the causal path from cultural distance to inspiration. In Study 3, we experimentally manipulated inspiration to test its causal effect on intercultural exchange. The findings advance theory and application around multicultural experience and intercultural exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zou
- Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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Floman JL, Brackett MA, LaPalme ML, Ponnock AR, Barsade SG, Doyle A. Development and Validation of an Ability Measure of Emotion Understanding: The Core Relational Themes of Emotion (CORE) Test. J Intell 2023; 11:195. [PMID: 37888427 PMCID: PMC10607998 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotion understanding (EU) ability is associated with healthy social functioning and psychological well-being. Across three studies, we develop and present validity evidence for the Core Relational Themes of Emotions (CORE) Test. The test measures people's ability to identify relational themes underlying 19 positive and negative emotions. Relational themes are consistencies in the meaning people assign to emotional experiences. In Study 1, we developed and refined the test items employing a literature review, expert panel, and confusion matrix with a demographically diverse sample. Correctness criteria were determined using theory and prior research, and a progressive (degrees of correctness) paradigm was utilized to score the test. In Study 2, the CORE demonstrated high internal consistency and a confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional factor structure. The CORE showed evidence of convergence with established EU ability measures and divergent relationships with verbal intelligence and demographic characteristics, supporting its construct validity. Also, the CORE was associated with less relational conflict. In Study 3, the CORE was associated with more adaptive and less maladaptive coping and higher well-being on multiple indicators. A set of effects remained, accounting for variance from a widely used EU test, supporting the CORE's incremental validity. Theoretical and methodological contributions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. Floman
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Marc A. Brackett
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Matthew L. LaPalme
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Annette R. Ponnock
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Sigal G. Barsade
- Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aidan Doyle
- Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Vagisha, P S J, Iyer V. Mapping inspiration in human resources: A systematic review of themes and approaches. F1000Res 2023; 12:694. [PMID: 37635944 PMCID: PMC10448870 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.128853.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was motivated by the need to invigorate research on inspiration, especially within the domain of management. The authors' objective was to devise a unifying structure for theory building and provide an overview of emergent constructs on inspiration research. Thus, the incremental contribution of the study is that the authors reviewed extant relevant literature and enhanced the focus on research on inspiration in management. Methods: We performed a literature search on empirical studies on inspiration from 15 June to 31 August 2022. We retrieved English articles published between 2003 and 2022. The information sources were Ebscohost, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Scopus. Risk of bias was assessed regarding review methods and the relevance of review to the research questions. We developed a data extraction sheet for the data collection process, considering the systematic review goals to ensure that all the pertinent data was retrieved. Results: Six out of 224 articles were identified for the final review. The excluded articles did not meet the either one or all of the inclusion criteria. The results revealed that there is a vast knowledge gap awaiting empirical research which can have a far-reaching impact on society and management; for instance, the impact of inspiration on performance and the role of moderators such as spirituality, visioning capability, gender variation, and linguistic proficiency. Conclusion: This study recommends that research on inspiration focuses to crystallize inspiration as a construct, identify various dimensions of inspiration, and then firm up a general theory of inspiration with robust empirical evidence. There is a need to expand the scope of the IS by developing and trying out newer competing scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagisha
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- T A Pai Management Institute, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - James P S
- Jagdish Sheth School of Management, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560100, India
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Chin AA, Sweet AM, Taylor CT. Beyond Positive Affect: Discrete Positive Emotions Differentiate Major Depression from Social Anxiety Disorder. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:377-385. [PMID: 37179573 PMCID: PMC10164670 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both associated with diminished global positive affect. However, little is known about which specific positive emotions are affected, and which positive emotions differentiate MDD from SAD. Methods Four groups of adults recruited from the community were examined (N = 272): control group (no psychiatric history; n = 76), SAD without MDD group (n = 76), MDD without SAD group (n = 46), and comorbid group (diagnoses of both SAD and MDD; n = 74). Discrete positive emotions were measured with the Modified Differential Emotions Scale, which asked about the frequency of 10 different positive emotions experienced during the past week. Results The control group had higher scores on all positive emotions compared to all three clinical groups. The SAD group had higher scores on awe, inspiration, interest, and joy compared to the MDD group, and higher scores on those emotions, as well as amusement, hope, love, pride, and contentment, than the comorbid group. MDD and comorbid groups did not differ on any positive emotions. Gratitude did not differ significantly between clinical groups. Conclusion Adopting a discrete positive emotion approach revealed shared and distinct features across SAD, MDD, and their comorbidity. We consider possible mechanisms underlying transdiagnostic vs. disorder-specific emotion deficits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10355-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A. Chin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
| | - Alison M. Sweet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
| | - Charles T. Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037 San Diego, USA
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Sedikides C, Wildschut T. Nostalgia as motivation. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101537. [PMID: 36577228 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Nostalgia, an approach-oriented emotion, has motivational consequences. In particular, nostalgia raises optimism and inspiration, strengthens the pursuit of one's important goals, appears to encourage financial risk-taking activates the intrinsic or authentic self, and galvanizes the desire to change one's addictive behavior. Nostalgia, a past-oriented emotion, has strong implications for the future. We discuss boundaries of these effects, highlight lacunae in the literature, and point to promising research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Sedikides
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Wu G, Ding X. Which type of tourism short video content inspires potential tourists to travel. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1086516. [PMID: 36935998 PMCID: PMC10014723 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While user-generated short videos have become very common in tourism marketing, how they affect potential tourists' decisions has not been discussed academically. Based on the customer inspiration theory, this study explored the effects of different tourism short video contents on potential tourists' travel intentions, as well as the mediating effect of customer inspiration and the moderating effect of consumption orientation through three experiments. The following conclusions were drawn. (1) Tourism short videos significantly increased potential tourists' customer inspiration and travel intention; (2) The customer inspirations ("inspired-by" and "inspired-to") chain-mediated the relationship between tourism short videos and potential tourists' travel intentions; (3) Consumption orientation positively moderated the chained mediation effect above, and the chained mediation effect of tourism short videos on the travel intentions of tourists with hedonistic motivations through inspire-by and inspire-to is stronger than that of tourists with utilitarian motivations. The above findings could help expand the perspective of tourism short video research and provide suggestions for tourism business managers to apply short video content to marketing.
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Cao Y, Lin J, Zhou Z. Promoting customer value co-creation through social capital in online brand communities: The mediating role of member inspiration. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Mastria S, Agnoli S, Corazza GE, Grassi M, Franchin L. What inspires us? An experimental analysis of the semantic meaning of irrelevant information in creative ideation. THINKING & REASONING 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13546783.2022.2132289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mastria
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Sasso Marconi, Italy
| | - Sergio Agnoli
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Sasso Marconi, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Emanuele Corazza
- Marconi Institute for Creativity (MIC), Sasso Marconi, Italy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- LaPEA, Université de Paris and Univ Gustave Eiffel, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Michele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Franchin
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
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Luo L, Zou R, Yang D, Yuan J. Awe experience trigged by fighting against COVID-19 promotes prosociality through increased feeling of connectedness and empathy. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2022.2131607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- The Affect Cognition and Regulation Laboratory (ACRLab), Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China 610066
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China 400715
- The Department of Education Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China 641112
| | - Rong Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China 430079
| | - Dong Yang
- The Affect Cognition and Regulation Laboratory (ACRLab), Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China 610066
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China 400715
| | - Jiajin Yuan
- The Affect Cognition and Regulation Laboratory (ACRLab), Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China 610066
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China 400715
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Li T, Wang D, Yang Z. Inspiration or risk? How social media marketing of plant-based meat affects young people’s purchase intention. Front Psychol 2022; 13:971107. [PMID: 36300041 PMCID: PMC9588971 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.971107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative protein product to animal meat, plant-based meat is considered to play an essential role in improving animal welfare and protecting the environment. However, why do a few consumers choose plant-based meat but others do not? Despite the increasing research on plant-based meat marketing, little is known about the psychological mechanism by which plant-based meat marketing affects consumers’ purchasing decisions. We utilize dual-system theory to understand how social media marketing of plant-based meat influences cognitive fluency, customer inspiration, perceived risk, and purchase intention. Four studies (i.e., Studies 1, 2, 3, and 4) show that social media marketing can increase young people’s purchase intention of plant-based meat more than traditional marketing. In Studies 1 and 2, increased intensity of social media marketing can enhance young people’s cognitive fluency and further promote purchase intention. Study 3 explores how cognitive fluency relates to purchase intention through two psychological mechanisms. We suggest that a higher level of cognitive fluency increases customer inspiration and improves purchase intention. However, a lower level of cognitive fluency reduces purchase intention by increasing perceived risk. Study 4 manipulated members’ in-group or out-group status to show a boundary condition for the effect of brand community identity on purchase intention. These studies provide insight into how brand marketers can use social media to promote consumer inspiration and advertising engagement, how managers can offer fluency-increasing mechanisms to ensure a low level of perceived risk, and how enterprise practitioners may want to consider brand community publicity to attract out-group members.
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McGregor I, Tran A, Auger E, Britton E, Hayes J, Elnakouri A, Eftekhari E, Sharpinskyi K, Arbiv OA, Nash K. Higher power dynamics: How meaning search and self-transcendence inspire approach motivation and magnanimity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xue J, Zhou Z, Majeed S, Chen R, Zhou N. Stimulating Tourist Inspiration by Tourist Experience: The Moderating Role of Destination Familiarity. Front Psychol 2022; 13:895136. [PMID: 35846648 PMCID: PMC9284030 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.895136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tourist experience is a core indicator of destination management for the comprehensive evaluation of destination value. Tourist experience and tourist inspiration are important concepts in the stream of research on destination marketing and management. However, these relationships remained under-explored in the extant literature. This study examined the impact of tourist experience on tourist inspiration under the moderating impact of destination familiarity. To achieve the objective of this study, data were collected online from 622 Chinese tourists. We employed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to statistically analyze the gathered data. Findings show that four types of tourist experiences, namely education, esthetics, entertainment, and escapism, significantly and positively influenced the inspired-by state of tourist inspiration, which further influenced the inspired-to-state of tourist inspiration. Destination familiarity exerted a significantly negative moderating impact on the relationship between education experience and inspired-by state of tourist inspiration. Sensitivity analysis presents that education experience was the strongest predictor of the inspired-by state followed by aesthetics, escapism, and entertainment facets of the tourist experience. Findings contribute to the theory and practice of tourism management with a robust interpretation of tourist experience, tourist inspiration, and destination familiarity to solidify the effective management of tourist destinations. Limitations and future research directions are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Xue
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Economics and Management, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhimin Zhou,
| | - Salman Majeed
- International Center for Hospitality Research & Development, Dedman College of Hospitality, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Ruixia Chen
- School of Tourism Management, Henan Finance University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Braga F, Pinto HS. Composing Music Inspired by Sculpture: A Cross-Domain Mapping and Genetic Algorithm Approach. ENTROPY 2022; 24:e24040468. [PMID: 35455131 PMCID: PMC9029878 DOI: 10.3390/e24040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a system that takes a 3D model of a sculpture as starting point to compose music is presented. We raised the hypothesis that cross-domain mapping can be an approach to model inspiration. The semantic meaning of the sculpture is not used directly but rather a more abstract approach was used. A Genetic Algorithm was used to obtain results with more musical interest. The results were promising: the majority of the participants gave a classification of 4 out of 5 to the preferred interpretations of the compositions and related them to the respective sculpture. This is a step toward a possible model for inspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Braga
- INESC ID, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (H.S.P.)
| | - Helena Sofia Pinto
- INESC ID, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (H.S.P.)
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18
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Tromp C. Integrated Constraints in Creativity: Foundations for a Unifying Model. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10892680211060027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite their negative connotation, and the pervasiveness of blue-sky, outside-the-box thinking metaphors, constraints are at the heart of creativity. Using a multidisciplinary approach, as part of the Integrated Constraints in Creativity (IConIC) model, I propose that creative outcomes emerge from the successful leveraging of different types of constraints. I introduce a new, constraint-based definition of creativity, grounded in categorization theory, and parsimonious taxonomies of constraints based on which I outline testable predictions and corroborating evidence. I argue that constraints differ in terms of their flexibility (fixed, faux-fixed, or flexible) and functions (exclusionary or focusing), and in terms of whether they apply to the problem search time or the problem search space. Within the search space, constraints can refer to specific concepts or categories. I also advance a distinction between creativity maximizers and satisficers as a function of creativity goals, semantic networks, expertise, and the new constructs of constraint leveraging power and constraint leveraging mindset, that help to explain differences in successful integration of constraints for creativity and creative achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrinel Tromp
- Department of Psychology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
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19
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Does dignity matter? A study of donors’ behavior. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Ishiguro C. What Kind of Paintings Inspire Children when Viewing Art? JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Gao P, Jiang H, Xie Y, Cheng Y. The Triggering Mechanism of Short Video Customer Inspiration - Qualitative Analysis Based on the Repertory Grid Technique. Front Psychol 2021; 12:791567. [PMID: 34956019 PMCID: PMC8695854 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is believed that stimulating the inspiration of short video consumers might be an effective way to attract and maintain the attention of consumers so that they are willing to respond positively to short video ads. Therefore, in order to explore the source of customer inspiration in short video and its cognitive psychological process, the text and grid data collected from an interview among 25 short video users have been qualitatively analyzed by Kelly Grid Technology in order to construct the formation path model of short video customer inspiration, and find out its source, triggering mechanism, and influencing factors. It is found that the inspiring informational content characteristics include richness, reliability, vividness, and fluency of emotional content characteristics, fun, novelty, and narrative. However, the characteristics of commercial content in short video ads hinder the inspiration of consumers. The study also reveals that an internal mechanism of inspiration stimulation is built on some cognitive processes (i.e., presence, processing fluency, perceived innovation, perceived convenience) generated by informational content, and emotional responses by emotional content (i.e., curiosity, surprise, enjoyment, etc.). In addition, it is shown that personal involvement enhances the relationship between the inspiring content characteristics and consumer inspiration. As a result, customer inspiration and engagement in short video ads are highly enriched. Findings provide implications for short video platforms and online marketers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Xie
- School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- School of Foreign Languages, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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22
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Abbasi AZ, Rehman U, Hussain A, Ting DH, Islam JU. The impact of advertising value of in-game pop-up ads in online gaming on gamers’ inspiration: An empirical investigation. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2021.101630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Cao Y, Zhou Z, Majeed S. Stimulating Customer Inspiration Through Online Brand Community Climates: The Mediating Role of Customer Interaction. Front Psychol 2021; 12:706889. [PMID: 34504459 PMCID: PMC8422946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the impacts of the online brand community (OBC) climate on customer interaction and customer inspiration, which are yet under-explored in the extant literature. The data were collected online from the Chinese respondents (N = 504) to analyze the proposed constructs of the study. Findings show that supportive OBC climate and controlled OBC climate are positively related to customer interaction (including information interaction and social interaction) and exert a significant and positive impact on customer inspiration. A mediating impact of customer interaction is found on the relationship between OBC climate and customer inspiration. This study unravels the importance and mechanism of customer-brand relationships in the online environment and illuminates pathways for marketers and policymakers to positively influence customer inspiration for business promotion. This study updates existing literature boxes of consumer behavior and marketing in the context of online customer-brand relationships. Limitations and future research directions are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cao
- Department of Marketing, College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Faculty of Humanities, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- Department of Marketing, College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Salman Majeed
- International Center for Hospitality Research and Development, Dedman College of Hospitality, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Deemer ED, Derosa PA, Duhon SA, Dotterer AM. Psychological Momentum and Inertia: Toward a Model of Academic Motivation. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0894845319848847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Building upon psychological momentum theory, we draw an analogy between motivational constructs proposed herein and the physical principles of mass, inertia, and momentum. From these principles, we derived constructs representing academic inertia in states of both low and high momentum. The sample consisted of 105 African American college students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics majors. Results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of a newly developed scale yielded support for two distinct factors reflecting low momentum state inertia (LMSI) and high momentum state inertia (HMSI). The conditional relationship between LMSI and HMSI was then examined with inspiration as a moderating variable. Consistent with our prediction, results indicated that the relationship between LMSI and HMSI was positive and significant at low levels of inspiration, while this slope was not significant at high levels of inspiration. Implications for cognitive-affective factors that may inhibit or facilitate psychological momentum in the context of academic functioning are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Deemer
- Department of Educational Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Pedro A. Derosa
- Physics/Integrated STEM Education Research Center (ISERC), Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA
| | - Stacey A. Duhon
- College of Arts and Sciences, Grambling State University, Grambling, LA, USA
| | - Aryn M. Dotterer
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
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25
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Augmented reality is eating the real-world! The substitution of physical products by holograms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Hussain M, Mubarik S. MEASURING HUMAN RESOURCE ATTITUDE USING ORGANISATIONAL THEORY OF RELATIONSHIP: THE WAY FORWARD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 2021. [DOI: 10.32890/ijms.28.1.2021.9409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper argues that classical socialisation theories generally discuss the organisational structures rather than the newcomer’s psychology of relationships in any organisation and contributes to the socialisation stage model. In doing so, this research proposes an Organisational Theory of Relationship (OTR) for understanding the relationships of human resources in any organisation in four stages, namely fascination, contention, adaptation and adoration. The four stages have been examined in an empirical setting based on the data collected from 270 participants. Using the structural equation modelling, the measurement model validity was ascertained and several hypotheses were tested. The findings reveal that all employees in any organisation, intentionally or unintentionally, undergo some or all of the four stages. This model can provide a better insight into the organisational socialisation and individualism of its human resource. It also recommends the organisations to adopt the best possible strategies for uplifting employees’ psychological engagement to utilise their full potentials. The findings of the study can help to understand socialisation in relation to interpersonal relationships and provide a foundation for making socialisation in the organisation better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir Hussain
- Faculty of Management Sciences, Barrett Hodgson University, Pakistan
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27
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The Artist as Innovation Muse: Findings from a Residence Program in the Fuzzy Front End. ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/admsci10040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a highly competitive business environment, integrating artists into corporate research and development (R&D) seems to be a promising way to foster inventiveness and idea generation. Given the importance of individual level innovation for product development, this study explores the benefits that employees experience from the artist-in-residence-program at Robert Bosch GmbH, Germany. Qualitative content analysis of interviews with scientists and engineers was performed in order to explore the impact of their encounters with artists in the theoretical framework of the triadic concept and transmission model of inspiration. The findings corroborate the notion that inspiration is a suitable theoretical underpinning for individual benefits of art–science collaborations in the front end of innovation. Scientists and engineers are inspired by the artists’ otherness and transcend their usual modes of perception in favor of enhanced focal, peripheral and bifocal vision. Whereas shifts in perspective are reflected in individual thinking patterns, researchers are hardly motivated to change their work-related behavior. The exchange with artists does not have a concrete impact on technological innovation, because researchers neither integrate impulses into their experiential world nor link them to fields of activity. In the case under scrutiny, artistic impulses do not contribute to idea generation in the sense of front-end activities. The study contributes to research on artists in businesses by illuminating the R&D environment as a hitherto neglected field of activity. While substantiating previous research on artist-in-science-residencies, the results suggest that the potential of such interdisciplinary endeavors is limited.
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28
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Ji Q, Raney AA. Developing and validating the self-transcendent emotion dictionary for text analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239050. [PMID: 32915905 PMCID: PMC7485772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen a growing amount of research effort directed toward what positive media psychologists refer to as self-transcendent emotions, such as awe, admiration, elevation, gratitude, inspiration, and hope. While these emotions are invaluable to promote greater human connectedness, prosociality, and human flourishing, researchers are constrained in terms of analyzing self-transcendent emotions as expressed in spoken and written languages. Drawing upon the word-counting approach of the text analysis paradigm, this project aimed at constructing a dictionary tool-Self-Transcendent Emotion Dictionary (STED)-which can be uploaded into mainstream, text analytic software (e.g., LIWC) to identify and analyze self-transcendent emotions in large corpora. This dictionary tool was then refined and validated via three studies, where individual words were first rated with regard to their fitness into the proposed construct (Step 1), and then used to analyze essays written to reflect the corresponding construct (Step 2). Finally, the refined dictionary was applied to examine words used in nearly 4,000 human-coded New York Times articles (Step 3). Results indicated that the final dictionary, consisting of 351 lexicons and phrases, exhibits acceptable face and construct validity, and possesses a reasonable level of external validity and applicability. Despite its shortcoming in accounting for the rhetorical techniques ingrained in natural human language, the STED could be instrumental for social scientific inquiry of positive emotions in textual narratives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Ji
- School of Communication & the Arts, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY, United States of America
| | - Arthur A. Raney
- School of Communication, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
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29
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30
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Cortini M, Colleluori A, Marzini R, Di Fiore T, Fantinelli S. Creativity between individual insight and group support. An explorative study in the Italian fashion industry / La creatividad entre la introspección individual y el apoyo grupal. Un estudio exploratorio de la industria de la moda italiana. STUDIES IN PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02109395.2019.1660059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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31
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Grund A, Fries S, Rheinberg F. Know Your Preferences: Self-Regulation as Need-Congruent Goal Selection. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Theory and research on self-regulation is dominated by a social–cognitive perspective that places an emphasis on postdecisional (i.e., volitional) control processes of goal-maintenance in response to dual-motive conflict. In the current contribution, we focus on research on self-regulation that acknowledges the affective fundamentals of motivated action, and we highlight processes of goal selection as vital parts of self-regulation. From our perspective of motivational competence, affective and cognitive processes work together rather than oppose each other in self-regulation, rendering effortless rather than effortful goal pursuit as the hallmark of efficient human action. A precondition for such motive- and self-congruent goal pursuits is that individuals have insight into their basic preferences and (can) act accordingly. Therefore, we address capacities, such as mindfulness, which may take effect in predecisional (i.e., motivational) action phases, thereby determining all subsequent action processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Grund
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University
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32
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Abstract
What is the motivational profile of admiration? In this article, I will investigate what form of connection between admiration and motivation there may be good reason to accept. A number of philosophers have advocated a connection between admiration and motivation to emulate. I will start by examining this view and will then present objections to it. I will then suggest an expanded account of the connection between admiration and motivation, according to which, admiration involves motivation to promote the value that is judged to be present in the object of admiration. Finally, I will examine the implications of this account for the use of admiration in education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Archer
- Department of Philosophy, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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33
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Meier A, Schäfer S. Positive Side of Social Comparison on Social Network Sites: How Envy Can Drive Inspiration on Instagram. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2018; 21:411-417. [PMID: 29995526 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of research finds social network sites (SNS) such as Instagram to facilitate social comparison and the emotional experience of envy in everyday life, with harmful effects for users' well-being. Yet, previous research has exclusively focused on the negative side of social comparison and envy on SNS. Thereby, it has neglected two important aspects: (a) comparison processes can also elicit a beneficial emotional reaction to other users' online self-presentations (i.e., benign envy) and, thus, (b) comparisons can be motivating, with positive outcomes for well-being. The present study aims at closing this research gap by investigating how social comparisons and envy on SNS are related to inspiration, a complex motivational state. Due to its specific characteristics of a creative and aesthetic visual culture, we focus our investigation on Instagram. A structural equation modeling mediation analysis with data from N = 385 Instagram users reveals that the intensity of social comparisons on Instagram was positively related to inspiration and that this relationship was fully mediated by benign envy. Furthermore, inspiration on Instagram was related to increased positive affect. Results of this study underline that to understand the effects of SNS on well-being, we also need to consider the positive motivational side of social comparison and envy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Meier
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz , Mainz, Germany
| | - Svenja Schäfer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz , Mainz, Germany
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34
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Abstract
Even without direct evidence of God's existence, about half of the world's population believes in God. Although previous research has found that people arrive at such beliefs intuitively instead of analytically, relatively little research has aimed to understand what experiences encourage or legitimate theistic belief systems. Using cross-cultural correlational and experimental methods, we investigated whether the experience of inspiration encourages a belief in God. Participants who dispositionally experience more inspiration, were randomly assigned to relive or have an inspirational experience, or reported such experiences to be more inspirational all showed stronger belief in God. These effects were specific to inspiration (instead of adjacent affective experiences) and a belief in God (instead of other empirically unverifiable claims). Being inspired by someone or something (but not inspired to do something) offers a spiritually transcendent experience that elevates belief in God, in part because it makes people feel connected to something beyond themselves.
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35
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Graham LE, Thomson AL, Nakamura J, Brandt IA, Siegel JT. Finding a family: A categorization of enjoyable emotions. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2017.1402074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Graham
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Andrew L. Thomson
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne Nakamura
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Irene A. Brandt
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Jason T. Siegel
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
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36
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Sapegina A, Weibel A. The Good, the Not So Bad, and the Ugly of Competitive Human Resource Practices: A Multidisciplinary Conceptual Framework. GROUP & ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1059601117730238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human resource (HR) practices used to inject internal competition into the workplace are the subject of heated debates in business practice; this is however not the case in the field of human resource management (HRM) research. In this article, we first augment previous research in the field to offer an initial conceptualization of competitive HR practices. We then develop a conceptual framework that explains the processes and conditions that drive and determine the impact of competitive HR practices on employees at work. Blending insights from social comparison theory and uncertainty research, we theorize a set of conditions that specify when competitive HR practices unfold their “dark” side, and when the “not so bad” or even “a good side” of competitive HR practices might emerge.
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37
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van Tilburg WAP, Wildschut T, Sedikides C. Nostalgia’s place among self-relevant emotions. Cogn Emot 2017; 32:742-759. [DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1351331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Wildschut
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Constantine Sedikides
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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38
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Measuring aesthetic emotions: A review of the literature and a new assessment tool. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178899. [PMID: 28582467 PMCID: PMC5459466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aesthetic perception and judgement are not merely cognitive processes, but also involve feelings. Therefore, the empirical study of these experiences requires conceptualization and measurement of aesthetic emotions. Despite the long-standing interest in such emotions, we still lack an assessment tool to capture the broad range of emotions that occur in response to the perceived aesthetic appeal of stimuli. Elicitors of aesthetic emotions are not limited to the arts in the strict sense, but extend to design, built environments, and nature. In this article, we describe the development of a questionnaire that is applicable across many of these domains: the Aesthetic Emotions Scale (Aesthemos). Drawing on theoretical accounts of aesthetic emotions and an extensive review of extant measures of aesthetic emotions within specific domains such as music, literature, film, painting, advertisements, design, and architecture, we propose a framework for studying aesthetic emotions. The Aesthemos, which is based on this framework, contains 21 subscales with two items each, that are designed to assess the emotional signature of responses to stimuli’s perceived aesthetic appeal in a highly differentiated manner. These scales cover prototypical aesthetic emotions (e.g., the feeling of beauty, being moved, fascination, and awe), epistemic emotions (e.g., interest and insight), and emotions indicative of amusement (humor and joy). In addition, the Aesthemos subscales capture both the activating (energy and vitality) and the calming (relaxation) effects of aesthetic experiences, as well as negative emotions that may contribute to aesthetic displeasure (e.g., the feeling of ugliness, boredom, and confusion).
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39
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40
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Bai F. Beyond Dominance and Competence: A Moral Virtue Theory of Status Attainment. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2016; 21:203-227. [DOI: 10.1177/1088868316649297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recognition has grown that moral behavior (e.g., generosity) plays a role in status attainment, yet it remains unclear how, why, and when demonstrating moral characteristics enhances status. Drawing on philosophy, anthropology, psychology, and organizational behavior, I critically review a third route to attaining status: virtue, and propose a moral virtue theory of status attainment to provide a generalized account of the role of morality in status attainment. The moral virtue theory posits that acts of virtue elicit feelings of warmth and admiration (for virtue), and willing deference, toward the virtuous actor. I further consider how the scope and priority of moralities and virtues endorsed by a moral community are bound by culture and social class to affect which moral characteristics enhance status. I end by outlining an agenda for future research into the role of virtue in status attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bai
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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41
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Ruggiero D. Big fish: Prestige and admiration in game studies scholarship. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Rodger JA, Gonzalez SP. A Study on Emotion and Memory in Technology Adoption. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08874417.2014.11645720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Morgenroth T, Ryan MK, Peters K. The Motivational Theory of Role Modeling: How Role Models Influence Role Aspirants’ Goals. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Role models are often suggested as a way of motivating individuals to set and achieve ambitious goals, especially for members of stigmatized groups in achievement settings. Yet, the literature on role models tends not to draw on the motivational literature to explain how role models may help role aspirants achieve these outcomes. In this paper, we introduce role aspirants and their motivational processes into an understanding of role modeling by drawing on expectancy–value theories of motivation to bring together the disparate literatures on role models to form a cohesive theoretical framework. We first integrate different definitions of role models into a new conceptualization where we propose that role models serve 3 distinct functions in which they influence goals and motivation: acting as behavioral models, representing the possible, and being inspirational. We then build a theoretical framework for understanding not only when, but also how, role models can effectively influence motivation and goals. This new theoretical framework, the Motivational Theory of Role Modeling, highlights ways in which the power of role models can be harnessed to increase role aspirants’ motivation, reinforce their existing goals, and facilitate their adoption of new goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle K. Ryan
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, and Department of Economics and Business, University of Groningen
| | - Kim Peters
- Department of Psychology, University of Queensland
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44
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Stephan E, Sedikides C, Wildschut T, Cheung WY, Routledge C, Arndt J. Nostalgia-Evoked Inspiration. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2015; 41:1395-410. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167215596985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Six studies examined the nostalgia–inspiration link and its motivational implications. In Study 1, nostalgia proneness was positively associated with inspiration frequency and intensity. In Studies 2 and 3, the recollection of nostalgic (vs. ordinary) experiences increased both general inspiration and specific inspiration to engage in exploratory activities. In Study 4, serial mediational analyses supported a model in which nostalgia increases social connectedness, which subsequently fosters self-esteem, which then boosts inspiration. In Study 5, a rigorous evaluation of this serial mediational model (with a novel nostalgia induction controlling for positive affect) reinforced the idea that nostalgia-elicited social connectedness increases self-esteem, which then heightens inspiration. Study 6 extended the serial mediational model by demonstrating that nostalgia-evoked inspiration predicts goal pursuit (intentions to pursue an important goal). Nostalgia spawns inspiration via social connectedness and attendant self-esteem. In turn, nostalgia-evoked inspiration bolsters motivation.
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Van Kleef GA, Oveis C, Homan AC, van der Löwe I, Keltner D. Power Gets You High. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550614566857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inspiration is a source of admirable creation—but where do people get it from? We propose that power allows individuals to draw inspiration from the self. Four studies involving different social settings and operationalizations support this idea. Study 1 revealed that greater power is associated with more self-derived inspiration and less other-derived inspiration. In Study 2, participants with a higher sense of power were more inspired by their own than by their partners’ stories in face-to-face conversations, whereas lower power participants were not. In Study 3, higher power people spontaneously generated more inspiring stories involving themselves than did lower power people. Finally, participants in Study 4 felt more inspired after writing about their own experiences than after writing about someone else’s, especially after having been primed with high rather than low power. These findings suggest that powerful people prioritize themselves over others in social interaction because this is emotionally rewarding for them.
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Thrash TM, Moldovan EG, Oleynick VC, Maruskin LA. The Psychology of Inspiration. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reinforcing inspiration for technology acceptance: Improving memory and software training results through neuro-physiological performance. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Schindler I. Relations of admiration and adoration with other emotions and well-being. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 4:14. [PMID: 26568908 PMCID: PMC4637364 DOI: 10.1186/s13612-014-0014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Admiration and adoration (also referred to as reverence or worship) have 2 received little empirical attention, although the two emotions theoretically have been related to individual and collective well-being. This research tested for associations of dispositional admiration and adoration with dimensions of psychological well-being and life satisfaction. Methods We developed a new measure of dispositional admiration and adoration and employed it in a questionnaire study with 342 participants. Additional measures included various emotion dispositions and dimensions of well-being. Results While admiration was linked to greater levels of personal growth and adoration to greater levels of purpose in life, the two emotions were unrelated to environmental mastery, self-acceptance, and life satisfaction. A multiple-step multiple mediator model revealed that counteractive positive and negative indirect effects of admiration and adoration on mastery, self-acceptance and life satisfaction were hidden beneath the nonsignificant total effects. Specifically, there were positive indirect effects of admiration and adoration via inspiration and gratitude and negative indirect effects via fascination and envy on well-being. Conclusions Taken together, the findings suggest that admiration and adoration bind people to ideals irrespective of their ability to move closer to them, thereby providing a potential source of satisfaction as well as frustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Schindler
- Free University Berlin, Cluster (Languages of Emotion), Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Toward an Integrative Model of Creativity and Personality: Theoretical Suggestions and Preliminary Empirical Testing. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kaufman SB. A proposed integration of the expert performance and individual differences approaches to the study of elite performance. Front Psychol 2014; 5:707. [PMID: 25071672 PMCID: PMC4089477 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Barry Kaufman
- The Imagination Institute Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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