1
|
Gaballah AI, Elsherbiny AA, Sharaky M, Hamed NO, Raslan NA, Almilaibary A, Fayyad RMA, Ousman MS, Hamdan AME, Fahim SA. Dexamethasone-tamoxifen combination exerts synergistic therapeutic effects in tamoxifen-resistance breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240367. [PMID: 38864530 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is a key player in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC); however, ∼30% of patients experience relapse and a lower survival rate due to TAM resistance. TAM resistance was related to the over expression of SOX-2 gene, which is regulated by the E2F3 transcription factor in the Wnt signaling pathway. It was suggested that SOX-2 overexpression was suppressed by dexamethasone (DEX), a glucocorticoid commonly prescribed to BC patients. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of combining DEX and TAM on the inhibition of TAM-resistant LCC-2 cells (TAMR-1) through modulating the E2F3/SOX-2-mediated Wnt signaling pathway. The effect of the combination therapy on MCF-7 and TAMR-1 cell viability was assessed. Drug interactions were analyzed using CompuSyn and SynergyFinder softwares. Cell cycle distribution, apoptotic protein expression, gene expression levels of SOX-2 and E2F3, and cell migration were also assessed. Combining DEX with TAM led to synergistic inhibition of TAMR-1 cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis, reduced SOX-2 and E2F3 expression and was also associated with S and G2-M phase arrest. Therefore, combining DEX with TAM may present an effective therapeutic option to overcome TAM resistance, by targeting the E2F3/SOX-2/Wnt signaling pathway, in addition to its anti-inflammatory effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa I Gaballah
- School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
| | - Aliaa A Elsherbiny
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Najat O Hamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed A Raslan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina 42541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almilaibary
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, AlBaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda Mohamed Abdrabbou Fayyad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Aseer 61961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Ousman
- Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M E Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally A Fahim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza, P.O. Box 12577, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ni K, Li ZL, Hu ZY, Hong L. Antitumor Effect of Apcin on Endometrial Carcinoma via p21-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:623-632. [PMID: 38853192 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a prevalent gynecological malignancy characterized by increasing incidence and mortality rates. This underscores the critical need for novel therapeutic targets. One such potential target is cell division cycle 20 (CDC20), which has been implicated in oncogenesis. This study investigated the effect of the CDC20 inhibitor Apcin on EC and elucidated the underlying mechanism involved. METHODS The effects of Apcin on EC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell cycle were evaluated using CCK8 assays and flow cytometry. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was subsequently conducted to explore the underlying molecular mechanism, and Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation were subsequently performed to validate the results. Animal studies were performed to evaluate the antitumor effects in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis was also conducted to identify CDC20 as a potential therapeutic target in EC. RESULTS Treatment with Apcin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in EC cells, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Pathways associated with apoptosis and the cell cycle were activated following treatment with Apcin. Notably, Apcin treatment led to the upregulation of the cell cycle regulator p21, which was verified to interact with CDC20 and consequently decrease the expression of downstream cyclins in EC cells. In vivo experiments confirmed that Apcin treatment significantly impeded tumor growth. Higher CDC20 expression was observed in EC tissue than in nonmalignant tissue, and increased CDC20 expression in EC patients was associated with shorter overall survival and progress free interval. CONCLUSION CDC20 is a novel molecular target in EC, and Apcin could be developed as a candidate antitumor drug for EC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Li Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Magge T, Rajendran S, Brufsky AM, Foldi J. CDK4/6 inhibitors: The Devil is in the Detail. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:665-678. [PMID: 38713311 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Update on the most recent clinical evidence on CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in the treatment of hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-negative breast cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Over the past decade, CDK4/6i have become part of the standard of care treatment of patients with both metastatic and high-risk early HR + /HER2- breast cancers. The three available CDK4/6i (palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib) have been extensively studied in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) with consistent prolongation of progression free survival; however, ribociclib has emerged as the preferred first line agent in mBC given overall survival benefit over endocrine monotherapy. In early BC, abemaciclib is the only currently approved agent while ribociclib has early positive clinical trial data. Toxicities and financial burden limit the use of CDK4/6i in all patients and resource-poor settings, and optimal timing of their use in mBC remains unclear. There is considerable evidence for the use of CDK4/6i in metastatic and early HR + /HER2- breast cancer, but knowledge gaps remain, and further research is necessary to better define their optimal use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Magge
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Sneha Rajendran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Adam M Brufsky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Julia Foldi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Breast Medical Oncology, Magee Women's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 300 Halket Street, Suite 3524, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lashen A, Alqahtani S, Shoqafi A, Algethami M, Jeyapalan JN, Mongan NP, Rakha EA, Madhusudan S. Clinicopathological Significance of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5053. [PMID: 38732271 PMCID: PMC11084890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a key cell cycle regulator, with essential roles during G1/S transition. The clinicopathological significance of CDK2 in ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) and early-stage invasive breast cancers (BCs) remains largely unknown. Here, we evaluated CDK2's protein expression in 479 BC samples and 216 DCIS specimens. Analysis of CDK2 transcripts was completed in the METABRIC cohort (n = 1980) and TCGA cohort (n = 1090), respectively. A high nuclear CDK2 protein expression was significantly associated with aggressive phenotypes, including a high tumour grade, lymph vascular invasion, a poor Nottingham prognostic index (all p-values < 0.0001), and shorter survival (p = 0.006), especially in luminal BC (p = 0.009). In p53-mutant BC, high nuclear CDK2 remained linked with worse survival (p = 0.01). In DCIS, high nuclear/low cytoplasmic co-expression showed significant association with a high tumour grade (p = 0.043), triple-negative and HER2-enriched molecular subtypes (p = 0.01), Comedo necrosis (p = 0.024), negative ER status (p = 0.004), negative PR status (p < 0.0001), and a high proliferation index (p < 0.0001). Tumours with high CDK2 transcripts were more likely to have higher expressions of genes involved in the cell cycle, homologous recombination, and p53 signaling. We provide compelling evidence that high CDK2 is a feature of aggressive breast cancers. The clinical evaluation of CDK2 inhibitors in early-stage BC patients will have a clinical impact.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Female
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Middle Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Neoplasm Staging
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Aged
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Lashen
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Shatha Alqahtani
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Ahmed Shoqafi
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Mashael Algethami
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emad A. Rakha
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo Z, Tang Y, Wang S, Huang Y, Chi Q, Xu K, Xue L. Natural product fargesin interferes with H3 histone lactylation via targeting PKM2 to inhibit non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis. Biofactors 2024; 50:592-607. [PMID: 38149461 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. There is an urgent need to find more effective drugs that inhibit NSCLC. Fargesin (FGS) has demonstrated anti-tumor effects; however, its efficacy and the molecular mechanism of inhibiting NSCLC are unclear. Herein, we investigated FGS' inhibitory effects on NSCLC by CCK8 and EdU assays and cell cycle analysis of A549 cells in vitro and in a nude mouse tumor transplantation model in vivo. FGS (10-50 μM) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and down-regulated expression levels of CDK1 and CCND1. Transcriptomic analysis showed that FGS regulated the cell metabolic process pathway. Differential metabolites with FGS treatment were enriched in glycolysis and pyruvate pathways. Cell metabolism assay were used to evaluate the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in A549 cells. FGS also inhibited the production of cellular lactate and the expression of LDHA, LDHB, PKM2, and SLC2A1. These genes were identified as important oncogenes in lung cancer, and their binding to FGS was confirmed by molecular docking simulation. Notably, the over-expression and gene silencing experiments signified PKM2 as the molecular target of FGS for anti-tumorigenesis. Moreover, the H3 histone lactylation, were correlated with tumorigenesis, were inhibited with FGS treatment. Conclusively, FGS inhibited the aerobic glycolytic and H3 histone lactylation signaling pathways in A549 NSCLC cells by targeting PKM2. These findings provide evidence of the therapeutic potential of FGS in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeqing Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shunshun Wang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Structure, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niu P, Tao Y, Lin G, Xu H, Meng Q, Yang K, Huang W, Song M, Ding K, Ma D, Fan M. Design and Synthesis of Novel Macrocyclic Derivatives as Potent and Selective Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 7 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6099-6118. [PMID: 38586950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The duality of function (cell cycle regulation and gene transcription) of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) makes it an attractive oncology target and the discovery of CDK7 inhibitors has been a long-term pursuit by academia and pharmaceutical companies. However, achieving selective leading compounds is still difficult owing to the similarities among the ATP binding pocket. Herein, we detail the design and synthesis of a series of macrocyclic derivatives with pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine core structure as potent and selective CDK7 inhibitors. The diverse manners of macrocyclization led to distinguished selectivity profiles of the CDK family. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation explained the binding difference between 15- and 16-membered macrocyclic compounds. Further optimization generated compound 37 exhibiting good CDK7 inhibitory activity and high selectivity over other CDKs. This work clearly demonstrated macrocyclization is a versatile method to finely tune the selectivity profile of small molecules and MD simulation can be a valuable tool in prioritizing designs of the macrocycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Niu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yanxin Tao
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guohao Lin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Huiqi Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Qingyuan Meng
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Weixue Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Meiru Song
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Niu P, Tao Y, Meng Q, Huang Y, Li S, Ding K, Ma D, Ye Z, Fan M. Discovery of novel macrocyclic derivatives as potent and selective cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 104:117711. [PMID: 38583237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a member of CDK family of kinases (CDKs) that regulate the cell cycle. Its inopportune or over-activation leads to uncontrolled cell cycle progression and drives numerous types of cancers, especially ovarian, uterine, gastric cancer, as well as those associated with amplified CCNE1 gene. However, developing selective lead compound as CDK2 inhibitors remains challenging owing to similarities in the ATP pockets among different CDKs. Herein, we described the optimization of compound 1, a novel macrocyclic inhibitor targeting CDK2/5/7/9, aiming to discover more selective and metabolically stable lead compound as CDK2 inhibitor. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed for compound 1 and 9 to gain insights into the improved selectivity against CDK5. Further optimization efforts led to compound 22, exhibiting excellent CDK2 inhibitory activity, good selectivity over other CDKs and potent cellular effects. Based on these characterizations, we propose that compound 22 holds great promise as a potential lead candidate for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Niu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yanxin Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Qingyuan Meng
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yixing Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Shan Li
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Zu Ye
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang BS, Zhang CL, Cui X, Li Q, Yang L, He ZY, Yang Z, Zeng MM, Cao N. Curcumin inhibits the growth and invasion of gastric cancer by regulating long noncoding RNA AC022424.2. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1437-1452. [PMID: 38660661 PMCID: PMC11037052 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer, characterized by a multifactorial etiology and high heterogeneity, continues to confound researchers in terms of its pathogenesis. Curcumin, a natural anticancer agent, exhibits therapeutic promise in gastric cancer. Its effects include promoting cell apoptosis, curtailing tumor angiogenesis, and enhancing sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have garnered significant attention as biomarkers for early screening, diagnosis, treatment, and drug response because of their remarkable specificity and sensitivity. Recent investigations have revealed an association between aberrant lncRNA expression and early diagnosis, clinical staging, metastasis, drug sensitivity, and prognosis in gastric cancer. A profound understanding of the intricate mechanisms through which lncRNAs influence gastric cancer development can provide novel insights for precision treatment and tailored management of patients with gastric cancer. This study aimed to unravel the potential of curcumin in suppressing the malignant behavior of gastric cancer cells by upregulating specific lncRNAs and modulating gastric cancer onset and progression. AIM To identify lncRNAs associated with curcumin treatment and investigate the role of lncRNA AC022424.2 in the effects of curcumin on gastric cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion. Furthermore, these findings were validated in clinical samples. METHODS The study employed CCK-8 assays to assess the impact of curcumin on gastric cancer cell proliferation, flow cytometry to investigate its effects on apoptosis, and scratch and Transwell assays to evaluate its influence on the migration and invasion of BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. Western blotting was used to gauge changes in the protein expression levels of CDK6, CDK4, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, P65, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric cancer cell lines after curcumin treatment. Differential expression of lncRNAs before and after curcumin treatment was assessed using lncRNA sequencing and validated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. AC022424.2-1 knockdown BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells were generated to scrutinize the impact of lncRNA AC022424.2 on apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Western blotting was performed to ascertain changes in the expression of proteins implicated in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways. RT-PCR was employed to measure lncRNA AC022424.2 expression in clinical gastric cancer tissues and to correlate its expression with clinical pathological characteristics. RESULTS Curcumin induced apoptosis and hindered proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. LncRNA AC022424.2 was upregulated after curcumin treatment, and its knockdown enhanced cancer cell aggressiveness. LncRNA AC022424.2 may have affected cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways. LncRNA AC022424.2 downregulation was correlated with lymph node metastasis, making it a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. CONCLUSION Curcumin has potential anticancer effects on gastric cancer cells by regulating lncRNA AC022424.2. This lncRNA plays a significant role in cancer cell behavior and may have clinical implications in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. The results of this study enhance our understanding of gastric cancer development and precision treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Sheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chen-Li Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Third Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yun He
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ze Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Nong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lashen A, Algethami M, Alqahtani S, Shoqafi A, Sheha A, Jeyapalan JN, Mongan NP, Rakha EA, Madhusudan S. The Clinicopathological Significance of the Cyclin D1/E1-Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK2/4/6)-Retinoblastoma (RB1/pRB1) Pathway in Epithelial Ovarian Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4060. [PMID: 38612869 PMCID: PMC11012085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2, CDK4, CDK6), cyclin D1, cyclin E1 and phosphorylated retinoblastoma (pRB1) are key regulators of the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint and may influence platinum response in ovarian cancers. CDK2/4/6 inhibitors are emerging targets in ovarian cancer therapeutics. In the current study, we evaluated the prognostic and predictive significance of the CDK2/4/6-cyclin D1/E1-pRB1 axis in clinical ovarian cancers (OC). The CDK2/4/6, cyclin D1/E1 and RB1/pRB1 protein expression were investigated in 300 ovarian cancers and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes. CDK2/4/6, cyclin D1/E1 and RB1 mRNA expression were evaluated in the publicly available ovarian TCGA dataset. We observed nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for CDK2/4/6, cyclins D1/E1 and RB1/pRB1 in OCs with varying percentages. Increased nuclear CDK2 and nuclear cyclin E1 expression was linked with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and a shorter overall survival (OS). Nuclear CDK6 was associated with poor OS. The cytoplasmic expression of CDK4, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 also has predictive and/or prognostic significance in OCs. In the multivariate analysis, nuclear cyclin E1 was an independent predictor of poor PFS. Tumours with high nuclear cyclin E1/high nuclear CDK2 have a worse PFS and OS. Detailed bioinformatics in the TCGA cohort showed a positive correlation between cyclin E1 and CDK2. We also showed that cyclin-E1-overexpressing tumours are enriched for genes involved in insulin signalling and release. Our data not only identified the prognostic/predictive significance of these key cell cycle regulators but also demonstrate the importance of sub-cellular localisation. CDK2 targeting in cyclin-E1-amplified OCs could be a rational approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Lashen
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Mashael Algethami
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Shatha Alqahtani
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Ahmed Shoqafi
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Amera Sheha
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nigel P. Mongan
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emad A. Rakha
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Naaz Coker Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK; (A.L.); (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (J.N.J.); (N.P.M.); (E.A.R.)
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhi D, An Z, Li L, Zheng C, Yuan X, Lan Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Ma H, Li N, Wang J. 3-Amide-β-carbolines block the cell cycle by targeting CDK2 and DNA in tumor cells potentially as anti-mitotic agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107216. [PMID: 38387396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
β-Carboline alkaloids are natural and synthetic products with outstanding antitumor activity. C3 substituted and dimerized β-carbolines exert excellent antitumor activity. In the present research, 37 β-carboline derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Their cytotoxicity, cell cycle, apoptosis, and CDK2- and DNA-binding affinity were evaluated. β-Carboline monomer M3 and dimer D4 showed selective activity and higher cytotoxicity in tumor cells than in normal cells. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) indicated that the amide group at C3 enhanced the antitumor activity. M3 blocked the A549 (IC50 = 1.44 ± 1.10 μM) cell cycle in the S phase and inhibited A549 cell migration, while D4 blocked the HepG2 (IC50 = 2.84 ± 0.73 μM) cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, both of which ultimately induced apoptosis. Furthermore, associations of M3 and D4 with CDK2 and DNA were proven by network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and western blotting. The expression level of CDK2 was downregulated in M3-treated A549 cells and D4-treated HepG2 cells. Moreover, M3 and D4 interact with DNA and CDK2 at sub-micromolar concentrations in endothermic interactions caused by entropy-driven adsorption processes, which means that the favorable entropy change (ΔS > 0) overcomes the unfavorable enthalpy change (ΔH > 0) and drives the spontaneous reaction (ΔG < 0). Overall, these results clarified the antitumor mechanisms of M3 and D4 through disrupting the cell cycle by binding DNA and CDK2, which demonstrated the potential of M3 and D4 as novel antiproliferative drugs targeting mitosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Zhi
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhiyuan An
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lishan Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chaojia Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaorong Yuan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinghan Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huiya Ma
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Junru Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Advani D, Kumar P. Uncovering Cell Cycle Dysregulations and Associated Mechanisms in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Glimpse of Hope for Repurposed Drugs. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04130-7. [PMID: 38532240 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The cell cycle is the sequence of events orchestrated by a complex network of cell cycle proteins. Unlike normal cells, mature neurons subsist in a quiescent state of the cell cycle, and aberrant cell cycle activation triggers neuronal death accompanied by neurodegeneration. The periodicity of cell cycle events is choreographed by various mechanisms, including DNA damage repair, oxidative stress, neurotrophin activity, and ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Given the relevance of cell cycle processes in cancer and neurodegeneration, this review delineates the overlapping cell cycle events, signaling pathways, and mechanisms associated with cell cycle aberrations in cancer and the major neurodegenerative disorders. We suggest that dysregulation of some common fundamental signaling processes triggers anomalous cell cycle activation in cancer cells and neurons. We discussed the possible use of cell cycle inhibitors for neurodegenerative disorders and described the associated challenges. We propose that a greater understanding of the common mechanisms driving cell cycle aberrations in cancer and neurodegenerative disorders will open a new avenue for the development of repurposed drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, New Delhi, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, New Delhi, Delhi, 110042, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Purohit L, Jones C, Gonzalez T, Castrellon A, Hussein A. The Role of CD4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1242. [PMID: 38279242 PMCID: PMC10816395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, treatment paradigms for breast cancer have undergone a renaissance, particularly in hormone-receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer. These revolutionary therapies are based on the selective targeting of aberrancies within the cell cycle. This shift towards targeted therapies has also changed the landscape of disease monitoring. In this article, we will review the fundamentals of cell cycle progression in the context of the new cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. In addition to discussing the currently approved cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors for breast cancer, we will explore the ongoing development and search for predictive biomarkers and modalities to monitor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aurelio Castrellon
- Memorial Health System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33024, USA; (L.P.); (C.J.); (T.G.); (A.H.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Youness RA, Habashy DA, Khater N, Elsayed K, Dawoud A, Hakim S, Nafea H, Bourquin C, Abdel-Kader RM, Gad MZ. Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oncological and Non-Oncological Disorders and Its Regulation by Non-Coding RNAs: A Comprehensive Review. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:7. [PMID: 38250807 PMCID: PMC10801522 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, myriad studies have defined the versatile abilities of gasotransmitters and their synthesizing enzymes to play a "Maestro" role in orchestrating several oncological and non-oncological circuits and, thus, nominated them as possible therapeutic targets. Although a significant amount of work has been conducted on the role of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) and their inter-relationship in the field of oncology, research about hydrogen sulfide (H2S) remains in its infancy. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play a dominating role in the regulation of the endogenous machinery system of H2S in several pathological contexts. A growing list of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are leading the way as upstream regulators for H2S biosynthesis in different mammalian cells during the development and progression of human diseases; therefore, their targeting can be of great therapeutic benefit. In the current review, the authors shed the light onto the biosynthetic pathways of H2S and their regulation by miRNAs and lncRNAs in various oncological and non-oncological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana A. Youness
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, German International University (GIU), New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Danira Ashraf Habashy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Nour Khater
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Kareem Elsayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Dawoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sousanna Hakim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Heba Nafea
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Carole Bourquin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Reham M. Abdel-Kader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Saito A, Omura I, Imaizumi K. CREB3L1/OASIS: cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38215153 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints detect DNA errors, eventually arresting the cell cycle to promote DNA repair. Failure of such cell cycle arrest causes aberrant cell proliferation, promoting the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress transducers activate the unfolded protein response, which not only deals with unfolded proteins in ER lumen but also orchestrates diverse physiological phenomena such as cell differentiation and lipid metabolism. Among ER stress transducers, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 (CREB3L1) [also known as old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS)] is an ER-resident transmembrane transcription factor. This molecule is cleaved by regulated intramembrane proteolysis, followed by activation as a transcription factor. OASIS is preferentially expressed in specific cells, including astrocytes and osteoblasts, to regulate their differentiation. In accordance with its name, OASIS was originally identified as being upregulated in long-term-cultured astrocytes undergoing cell cycle arrest because of replicative stress. In the context of cell cycle regulation, previously unknown physiological roles of OASIS have been discovered. OASIS is activated as a transcription factor in response to DNA damage to induce p21-mediated cell cycle arrest. Although p21 is directly induced by the master regulator of the cell cycle, p53, no crosstalk occurs between p21 induction by OASIS or p53. Here, we summarize previously unknown cell cycle regulation by ER-resident transcription factor OASIS, particularly focusing on commonalities and differences in cell cycle arrest between OASIS and p53. This review also mentions tumorigenesis caused by OASIS dysfunctions, and OASIS's potential as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Issei Omura
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazunori Imaizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maleki EH, Bahrami AR, Matin MM. Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance. Genes Dis 2024; 11:189-204. [PMID: 37588236 PMCID: PMC10425754 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology, as it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment. Since tumor cells are highly diverse at genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic levels, intra-tumor heterogeneity can be assumed as an important contributing factor to the nullification of chemotherapeutic effects, and recurrence of the tumor. Based on the role of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with varying cell-cycle dynamics and behavior during cancer progression and treatment; herein, we aim to establish a comprehensive definition for adaptation of neoplastic cells against therapy. We discuss two parallel and yet distinct subpopulations of tumor cells that play pivotal roles in reducing the effects of chemotherapy: "resistant" and "tolerant" populations. Furthermore, this review also highlights the impact of the quiescent phase of the cell cycle as a survival mechanism for cancer cells. Beyond understanding the mechanisms underlying the quiescence, it provides an insightful perspective on cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their dual and intertwined functions based on their cell cycle state in response to treatment. Moreover, CSCs, epithelial-mesenchymal transformed cells, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), which are mostly in a quiescent state of the cell cycle are proved to have multiple biological links and can be implicated in our viewpoint of cell cycle heterogeneity in tumors. Overall, increasing our knowledge of cell cycle heterogeneity is a key to identifying new therapeutic solutions, and this emerging concept may provide us with new opportunities to prevent the dreadful cancer recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim H. Maleki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M. Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, 917751376 Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun J, Liang S, Liu X, Zhang S, Li M, Zhang Q, Chen J. Insights into the selectivity of a brain-penetrant CDK4/6 vs CDK1/2 inhibitor for glioblastoma used in multiple replica molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38112295 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) play an important role in cell cycle regulation and their dysfunction is associated with many cancers. That is why CDKs have been attractive targets for the treatment of cancer. Glioblastoma is a cancer caused by the aberrant expression of CDK4/6, so exploring the mechanism of the selection of CDK4/6 toward inhibitors relative to the other family members CDK1/2 is essential. In this work, multiple replica molecular dynamics (MRMD) simulations, principal component analysis (PCA), free energy landscapes (FELs), molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann/Generalized Born surface area (MM-PB/GBSA) and other methods were integrated to decipher the selectively binding mechanism of the inhibitor N1J to CDK4/6 and CDK1/2. Molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) analysis provides an explanation for the N1J selectivity. Residue-based free energy decomposition reveals that most of the hot residues are located at the same location of CDKs proteins, but the different types of residues in different proteins cause changes in binding energy, which is considered as a potential developmental direction to improve the selectivity of inhibitors to CDK4/6. These results provide insights into the source of inhibitor and CDK4/6 selectivity for the future development of more selective inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Sun
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinggang Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianzhong Chen
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Knight H, Abis G, Kaur M, Green HL, Krasemann S, Hartmann K, Lynham S, Clark J, Zhao L, Ruppert C, Weiss A, Schermuly RT, Eaton P, Rudyk O. Cyclin D-CDK4 Disulfide Bond Attenuates Pulmonary Vascular Cell Proliferation. Circ Res 2023; 133:966-988. [PMID: 37955182 PMCID: PMC10699508 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic vascular disease characterized, among other abnormalities, by hyperproliferative smooth muscle cells and a perturbed cellular redox and metabolic balance. Oxidants induce cell cycle arrest to halt proliferation; however, little is known about the redox-regulated effector proteins that mediate these processes. Here, we report a novel kinase-inhibitory disulfide bond in cyclin D-CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4) and investigate its role in cell proliferation and PH. METHODS Oxidative modifications of cyclin D-CDK4 were detected in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Site-directed mutagenesis, tandem mass-spectrometry, cell-based experiments, in vitro kinase activity assays, in silico structural modeling, and a novel redox-dead constitutive knock-in mouse were utilized to investigate the nature and definitively establish the importance of CDK4 cysteine modification in pulmonary vascular cell proliferation. Furthermore, the cyclin D-CDK4 oxidation was assessed in vivo in the pulmonary arteries and isolated human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and in 3 preclinical models of PH. RESULTS Cyclin D-CDK4 forms a reversible oxidant-induced heterodimeric disulfide dimer between C7/8 and C135, respectively, in cells in vitro and in pulmonary arteries in vivo to inhibit cyclin D-CDK4 kinase activity, decrease Rb (retinoblastoma) protein phosphorylation, and induce cell cycle arrest. Mutation of CDK4 C135 causes a kinase-impaired phenotype, which decreases cell proliferation rate and alleviates disease phenotype in an experimental mouse PH model, suggesting this cysteine is indispensable for cyclin D-CDK4 kinase activity. Pulmonary arteries and human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension display a decreased level of CDK4 disulfide, consistent with CDK4 being hyperactive in human pulmonary arterial hypertension. Furthermore, auranofin treatment, which induces the cyclin D-CDK4 disulfide, attenuates disease severity in experimental PH models by mitigating pulmonary vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS A novel disulfide bond in cyclin D-CDK4 acts as a rapid switch to inhibit kinase activity and halt cell proliferation. This oxidative modification forms at a critical cysteine residue, which is unique to CDK4, offering the potential for the design of a selective covalent inhibitor predicted to be beneficial in PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Knight
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (H.K., M.K., H.L.H.G., J.C., O.R.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Giancarlo Abis
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, United Kingdom (G.A.)
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (H.K., M.K., H.L.H.G., J.C., O.R.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L.H. Green
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (H.K., M.K., H.L.H.G., J.C., O.R.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.K., K.H.)
| | - Kristin Hartmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.K., K.H.)
| | - Steven Lynham
- Proteomics Core Facility, Centre of Excellence for Mass Spectrometry (S.L.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - James Clark
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (H.K., M.K., H.L.H.G., J.C., O.R.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (L.Z.)
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center Giessen Biobank, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany (C.R.)
| | - Astrid Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany (A.W., R.T.S.)
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany (A.W., R.T.S.)
| | - Philip Eaton
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (P.E.)
| | - Olena Rudyk
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (H.K., M.K., H.L.H.G., J.C., O.R.), King’s College London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu W, Wang L, Luo J, Zhang J, Li N. The Potent Novel CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616 in Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer: Preclinical Characterization with in vitro and Human Tumor Xenograft Models. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:899-912. [PMID: 38090281 PMCID: PMC10715022 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s434973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-retinoblastoma (RB) pathway exerts a considerable inhibitory effect, preventing the spread and metastasis of breast cancer cells and promoting tumor regression. In this study, we examined the antitumor activity of TQB3616, a novel inhibitor of CDK4/6 activity, which showed a greater efficacy improvement in antitumor effects. METHODS TQB3616 group, abemaciclib group and endocrine or HER-2 targeted combination therapy group were set up respectively. The effects of drugs on cell proliferation activity, cell cycle, apoptosis, downstream protein expression and gene expression of HR positive (T47D, MCF-7) and HER-2 positive (BT474, MDA-MB-361) breast cancer cell lines were studied. The antiproliferative effect of TQB3616 was also measured in vivo. RESULTS TQB3616 showed a remarkable inhibitory effect on the proliferation of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells in vitro. In addition, TQB3616 combined with endocrine therapy or Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) targeted therapy showed significant synergistic antitumor activity in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/HER2-negative or HER2-positive breast cancer. In contrast to abemaciclib, which targets the CDK4/6 pathway with proven efficacy, the oral agent TQB3616 not only induced G1 stalling, leading to a profound reduction in the level of RB protein phosphorylated at Ser807/811, but also showed enhanced tumor killing effects by promoting cell apoptosis. Oral administration of TQB3616 showed more potent antitumor activity than abemaciclib in an in vitro breast cancer xenograft model, causing significant tumor regression associated with sustained target inhibition in tumor tissue and manageable in vivo toxicity. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that TQB3616 is a novel CDK4/6 inhibitor, and its highly effective antitumor activity against breast cancer is expected to yield promising therapeutic effects in clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Hu
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - JiaLing Luo
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanlin Li
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang B, Quan Y, Zhao W, Ji Y, Yang X, Li J, Li Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Li Y. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-((4-sulfamoylphenyl)amino)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as CDK inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2169282. [PMID: 36656085 PMCID: PMC9858427 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2169282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential use of CDK inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) therapy, a series of novel 2-((4-sulfamoylphenyl)amino)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives was designed, synthesised, and investigated for inhibition on both CDK kinase activity and cellular proliferation of pancreatic cancer. Most of new sulphonamide-containing derivatives demonstrated strong inhibitory activity on CDK9 and obvious anti-proliferative activity in cell culture. Moreover, two new compounds suppressed cell proliferation of multiple human pancreatic cancer cell lines. The most potent compound 2g inhibited cancer cell proliferation by blocking Rb phosphorylation and induced apoptosis via downregulation of CDK9 downstream proteins Mcl-1 and c-Myc in MIA PaCa-2 cells. CDK9 knockdown experiment suggests its anti-proliferative activity is mainly mediated by CDK9. Additionally, 2g displayed moderate tumour inhibition effect in AsPC-1 derived xenograft mice model. Altogether, this study provided a new start for further optimisation to develop potential CDK inhibitor candidates for PDAC treatment by alone or combination use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanni Quan
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Ji
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotang Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianrui Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Ying Wang Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,CONTACT Yanping Li
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fernezlian S, Baldavira C, de Souza M, Farhat C, de Vilhena A, Pereira J, de Campos J, Takagaki T, Balancin M, Ab'Saber A, Capelozzi V. A semi-automated microscopic image analysis method for scoring Ki-67 nuclear immunostaining. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12922. [PMID: 37970922 PMCID: PMC10644968 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear proliferation marker MIB-1 (Ki-67) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used to examine tumor cell proliferation. However, the diagnostic or prognostic value of the Ki-67 nuclear staining intensity and location, defined as nuclear gradient (NG), has not been assessed. This study examined the potential association between Ki-67 NG and cell cycle phases and its effect on the prognosis of pulmonary typical carcinoid (PTC) tumors. We propose a method for classifying the NG of Ki-67 during the cell cycle and compare the results between PTC, pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAD), and breast ductal carcinoma (BDC). A literature review and objective analysis of IHC-stained paraffin sections were used to determine the Ki-67 labeling index and composed a stratification of the NG into NG1, NG2, and NG3/4 categories. A semi-automated image analysis protocol was established to determine the Ki-67 NG in PTC, PAD, and BDC. High intraobserver consistency and moderate interobserver agreement were achieved in the determination of Ki-67 NG in tumor specimens. NG1 and NG2 were lower in PTC than in PAD and BDC. Cox multivariate analysis of PTC after adjusting for age and number of metastatic lymph nodes showed that Ki-67 NG1 and NG2 significantly predicted clinical outcomes. The semi-automated method for quantification of Ki-67 nuclear immunostaining proposed in this study could become a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool in PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Fernezlian
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - C.M. Baldavira
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M.L.F. de Souza
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - C. Farhat
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.F. de Vilhena
- Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Instituto do Coração, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - J.C.N. Pereira
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
- International Perioperative Europrogram, Paris, France
| | - J.R.M. de Campos
- Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Instituto do Coração, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - T. Takagaki
- Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M.L. Balancin
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.M. Ab'Saber
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - V.L. Capelozzi
- Laboratório de Genômica e Histomorfometria, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao Y, Culman J, Cascorbi I, Nithack N, Marx M, Zuhayra M, Lützen U. PSMA-617 inhibits proliferation and potentiates the 177Lu-PSMA-617-induced death of human prostate cancer cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3315-3326. [PMID: 37284895 PMCID: PMC10567812 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is substantially up-regulated in metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) cells. PSMA can be targeted by 177Lu conjugated to PSMA-617, a high-affinity ligand for the PSMA. The binding of the radioligand, 177Lu-PSMA-617, results in its internalisation and delivery of β-radiation into the cancer cells. However, PSMA-617, a component of the final product in the synthesis of the radioligand, may also play a role in the pathophysiology of PCa cells. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of PSMA-617 (10, 50 and 100 nM) on the expression of PSMA in PSMA-positive LNCaP cells, their proliferation, 177Lu-PSMA-617-induced cell death by WST-1 and lactate dehydrogenase assays, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-617. PSMA-617 at 100 nM concentration induced cell-growth arrest, down-regulated cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 (by 43 and 36%, respectively) and up-regulated the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Waf1/Cip1 (by 48%). Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated reduced content of DNA, pointing to a lower rate of cell division. PSMA-617 (up to 100 nM) did not alter the uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-617 into the LNCaP cells. Interestingly, simultaneous treatment with 177Lu-PSMA-617 and PSMA-617 for 24 and 48 h substantially potentiated the cell-death promoting effects of the radioligand. In conclusion, the combination of impeding tumour cell proliferation by PSMA-617 and its potentiation of the radiation-induced cell death brought about by 177Lu-PSMA-617 in PCa cells may considerably improve the outcome of the radiation therapy with 177Lu-PSMA-617, especially in patients with decreased radiosensitivity of PCa cells to the radioligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Juraj Culman
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niklas Nithack
- Central Rhine Community Hospital-Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Marlies Marx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maaz Zuhayra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulf Lützen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim MK, Han SH, Park TG, Song SH, Lee JY, Lee YS, Yoo SY, Chi XZ, Kim EG, Jang JW, Lim DS, van Wijnen AJ, Lee JW, Bae SC. The TGFβ→TAK1→LATS→YAP1 Pathway Regulates the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of YAP1. Mol Cells 2023; 46:592-610. [PMID: 37706312 PMCID: PMC10590711 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo kinase cascade functions as a central hub that relays input from the "outside world" of the cell and translates it into specific cellular responses by regulating the activity of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). How Hippo translates input from the extracellular signals into specific intracellular responses remains unclear. Here, we show that transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-activated TAK1 activates LATS1/2, which then phosphorylates YAP1. Phosphorylated YAP1 (p-YAP1) associates with RUNX3, but not with TEAD4, to form a TGFβ-stimulated restriction (R)-point-associated complex which activates target chromatin loci in the nucleus. Soon after, p-YAP1 is exported to the cytoplasm. Attenuation of TGFβ signaling results in re-localization of unphosphorylated YAP1 to the nucleus, where it forms a YAP1/TEAD4/SMAD3/AP1/p300 complex. The TGFβ-stimulated spatiotemporal dynamics of YAP1 are abrogated in many cancer cells. These results identify a new pathway that integrates TGFβ signals and the Hippo pathway (TGFβ→TAK1→LATS1/2→YAP1 cascade) with a novel dynamic nuclear role for p-YAP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Tae-Geun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ja-Youl Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - You-Soub Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Xin-Zi Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ju-Won Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jung-Won Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Suk-Chul Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumour Research, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Scavone G, Ottonello S, Blondeaux E, Arecco L, Scaruffi P, Stigliani S, Cardinali B, Borea R, Paudice M, Vellone VG, Condorelli M, Demeestere I, Lambertini M. The Role of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDK) 4/6 in the Ovarian Tissue and the Possible Effects of Their Exogenous Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4923. [PMID: 37894292 PMCID: PMC10605229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy is the standard treatment for patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. Recently, this combination has also entered the early setting as an adjuvant treatment in patients with HR+/HER2- disease at a high risk of disease recurrence following (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. Despite their current use in clinical practice, limited data on the potential gonadotoxicity of CDK4/6 inhibitors are available. Hence, fully informed treatment decision making by premenopausal patients concerned about the potential development of premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility with the proposed therapy remains difficult. The cell cycle progression of granulosa and cumulus cells is a critical process for ovarian function, especially for ensuring proper follicular growth and acquiring competence. Due to the pharmacological properties of CDK4/6 inhibitors, there could be a potentially negative impact on ovarian function and fertility in women of reproductive age. This review aims to summarize the role of the cyclin D-CDK4 and CDK6 complexes in the ovary and the potential impact of CDK4/6 inhibition on its physiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziana Scavone
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Ottonello
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Eva Blondeaux
- U.O. Epidemiologia Clinica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Arecco
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Scaruffi
- S.S. Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione Umana, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Stigliani
- S.S. Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione Umana, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Cardinali
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Roberto Borea
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Paudice
- Department of Integrated Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences (DISC), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Valerio G. Vellone
- Department of Integrated Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences (DISC), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, IRCCS Ospedale Gaslini, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Margherita Condorelli
- Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H.U.B—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Demeestere
- Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H.U.B—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pluta AJ, Studniarek C, Murphy S, Norbury CJ. Cyclin-dependent kinases: Masters of the eukaryotic universe. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 15:e1816. [PMID: 37718413 PMCID: PMC10909489 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
A family of structurally related cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) drives many aspects of eukaryotic cell function. Much of the literature in this area has considered individual members of this family to act primarily either as regulators of the cell cycle, the context in which CDKs were first discovered, or as regulators of transcription. Until recently, CDK7 was the only clear example of a CDK that functions in both processes. However, new data points to several "cell-cycle" CDKs having important roles in transcription and some "transcriptional" CDKs having cell cycle-related targets. For example, novel functions in transcription have been demonstrated for the archetypal cell cycle regulator CDK1. The increasing evidence of the overlap between these two CDK types suggests that they might play a critical role in coordinating the two processes. Here we review the canonical functions of cell-cycle and transcriptional CDKs, and provide an update on how these kinases collaborate to perform important cellular functions. We also provide a brief overview of how dysregulation of CDKs contributes to carcinogenesis, and possible treatment avenues. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shona Murphy
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Chris J. Norbury
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kasprzak A. Prognostic Biomarkers of Cell Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer (CRC): From Immunohistochemistry to Molecular Biology Techniques. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4570. [PMID: 37760539 PMCID: PMC10526446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and severe malignancies worldwide. Recent advances in diagnostic methods allow for more accurate identification and detection of several molecular biomarkers associated with this cancer. Nonetheless, non-invasive and effective prognostic and predictive testing in CRC patients remains challenging. Classical prognostic genetic markers comprise mutations in several genes (e.g., APC, KRAS/BRAF, TGF-β, and TP53). Furthermore, CIN and MSI serve as chromosomal markers, while epigenetic markers include CIMP and many other candidates such as SERP, p14, p16, LINE-1, and RASSF1A. The number of proliferation-related long non-coding RNAs (e.g., SNHG1, SNHG6, MALAT-1, CRNDE) and microRNAs (e.g., miR-20a, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145, miR-181a/b) that could serve as potential CRC markers has also steadily increased in recent years. Among the immunohistochemical (IHC) proliferative markers, the prognostic value regarding the patients' overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) has been confirmed for thymidylate synthase (TS), cyclin B1, cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Ki-67. In most cases, the overexpression of these markers in tissues was related to worse OS and DFS. However, slowly proliferating cells should also be considered in CRC therapy (especially radiotherapy) as they could represent a reservoir from which cells are recruited to replenish the rapidly proliferating population in response to cell-damaging factors. Considering the above, the aim of this article is to review the most common proliferative markers assessed using various methods including IHC and selected molecular biology techniques (e.g., qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization, RNA/DNA sequencing, next-generation sequencing) as prognostic and predictive markers in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Medical Sciences, Swiecicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zeng M, Grandner JM, Bryan MC, Verma V, Larouche-Gauthier R, Leclerc JP, Zhao L, Haghshenas P, Aubert-Nicol S, Yadav A, Ashley M, Chen JZ, Durk M, Samy KE, Nespi M, Levy E, Merrick K, Moffat JG, Murray J, Oh A, Orr C, Segal E, Sims J, Sneeringer C, Prangley M, Vartanian S, Magnuson S, Parr BT. Discovery of Selective Tertiary Amide Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2). ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1179-1187. [PMID: 37736184 PMCID: PMC10510669 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of the cell cycle and are frequently altered in cancer cells, thereby leading to uncontrolled proliferation. In this context, CDK2 has emerged as an appealing target for anticancer drug development. Herein, we describe the discovery of a series of selective small molecule inhibitors of CDK2 beginning with historical compounds from our ERK2 program (e.g., compound 6). Structure-based drug design led to the potent and selective tool compound 32, where excellent selectivity against ERK2 and CDK4 was achieved by filling the lipophilic DFG-1 pocket and targeting interactions with CDK2-specific lower hinge binding residues, respectively. Compound 32 demonstrated 112% tumor growth inhibition in mice bearing OVCAR3 tumors with 50 mg/kg bis in die (BID) oral dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshuo Zeng
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Marian C. Bryan
- Janssen
R&D, 1400 McKean
Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19002, United States
| | - Vishal Verma
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | | | - Liang Zhao
- Paraza
Pharma Inc., Montreal, QC H4S 2E1, Canada
| | | | | | - Arun Yadav
- Paraza
Pharma Inc., Montreal, QC H4S 2E1, Canada
| | - Melissa Ashley
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jacob Z. Chen
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Matthew Durk
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karen E. Samy
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Marika Nespi
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Elizabeth Levy
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karl Merrick
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John G. Moffat
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jeremy Murray
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Angela Oh
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christine Orr
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ehud Segal
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jessica Sims
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | | | - Steffan Vartanian
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steven Magnuson
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brendan T. Parr
- Genentech
Inc., South
San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Milletti G, Colicchia V, Cecconi F. Cyclers' kinases in cell division: from molecules to cancer therapy. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:2035-2052. [PMID: 37516809 PMCID: PMC10482880 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01196-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Faithful eucaryotic cell division requires spatio-temporal orchestration of multiple sequential events. To ensure the dynamic nature of these molecular and morphological transitions, a swift modulation of key regulatory pathways is necessary. The molecular process that most certainly fits this description is phosphorylation, the post-translational modification provided by kinases, that is crucial to allowing the progression of the cell cycle and that culminates with the separation of two identical daughter cells. In detail, from the early stages of the interphase to the cytokinesis, each critical step of this process is tightly regulated by multiple families of kinases including the Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), kinases of the Aurora, Polo, Wee1 families, and many others. While cell-cycle-related CDKs control the timing of the different phases, preventing replication machinery errors, the latter modulate the centrosome cycle and the spindle function, avoiding karyotypic abnormalities typical of chromosome instability. Such chromosomal abnormalities may result from replication stress (RS) and chromosome mis-segregation and are considered a hallmark of poor prognosis, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis in cancer patients. Here, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of how different families of kinases concur to govern cell cycle, preventing RS and mitotic infidelity. Additionally, considering the growing number of clinical trials targeting these molecules, we review to what extent and in which tumor context cell-cycle-related kinases inhibitors are worth exploiting as an effective therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Milletti
- DNA Replication and Cancer Group, Danish Cancer Institute, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valeria Colicchia
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- IRBM S.p.A., Via Pontina Km 30.60, 00070, Pomezia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival Group, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liang XB, Dai ZC, Zou R, Tang JX, Yao CW. The Therapeutic Potential of CDK4/6 Inhibitors, Novel Cancer Drugs, in Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13558. [PMID: 37686364 PMCID: PMC10487876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial pathological feature in cancers and kidney diseases, playing a significant role in disease progression. Cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 not only contribute to cell cycle progression but also participate in cell metabolism, immunogenicity and anti-tumor immune responses. Recently, CDK4/6 inhibitors have gained approval for investigational treatment of breast cancer and various other tumors. Kidney diseases and cancers commonly exhibit characteristic pathological features, such as the involvement of inflammatory cells and persistent chronic inflammation. Remarkably, CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated impressive efficacy in treating non-cancerous conditions, including certain kidney diseases. Current studies have identified the renoprotective effect of CDK4/6 inhibitors, presenting a novel idea and potential direction for treating kidney diseases in the future. In this review, we briefly reviewed the cell cycle in mammals and the role of CDK4/6 in regulating it. We then provided an introduction to CDK4/6 inhibitors and their use in cancer treatment. Additionally, we emphasized the importance of these inhibitors in the treatment of kidney diseases. Collectively, growing evidence demonstrates that targeting CDK4 and CDK6 through CDK4/6 inhibitors might have therapeutic benefits in various cancers and kidney diseases and should be further explored in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Diseases of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Cui-Wei Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Diseases of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yu M, Wu W, Sun Y, Yan H, Zhang L, Wang Z, Gong Y, Wang T, Li Q, Song J, Wang M, Zhang J, Tang Y, Zhan J, Zhang H. FRMD8 targets both CDK4 activation and RB degradation to suppress colon cancer growth. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112886. [PMID: 37527040 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and retinoblastoma protein (RB) are both important cell-cycle regulators that function in different scenarios. Here, we report that FERM domain-containing 8 (FRMD8) inhibits CDK4 activation and stabilizes RB, thereby causing cell-cycle arrest and inhibiting colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth. FRMD8 interacts separately with CDK7 and CDK4, and it disrupts the interaction of CDK7 with CDK4, subsequently inhibiting CDK4 activation. FRMD8 competes with MDM2 to bind RB and attenuates MDM2-mediated RB degradation. Frmd8 deficiency in mice accelerates azoxymethane/dextran-sodium-sulfate-induced colorectal adenoma formation. The FRMD8 promoter is hypermethylated, and low expression of FRMD8 predicts poor prognosis in CRC patients. Further, we identify an LKCHE-containing FRMD8 peptide that blocks MDM2 binding to RB and stabilizes RB. Combined application of the CDK4 inhibitor and FRMD8 peptide leads to marked suppression of CRC cell growth. Therefore, using an LKCHE-containing peptide to interfere with the MDM2-RB interaction may have therapeutic value in CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weijie Wu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haoyi Yan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenbin Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqing Gong
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tianzhuo Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qianchen Li
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University International Cancer Institute, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu Y, Wu Z, Fu Z, Han Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liang B, Tao Y, Zhang Y, Shen C, Xu Y, Yin S, Chen B, Liu Y, Pan H, Liang Z, Wu K. A predictive model of immune infiltration and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on cell adhesion-related genes: including molecular biological validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190678. [PMID: 37691922 PMCID: PMC10484396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Focal adhesion serves as a bridge between tumour cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) and has multiple roles in tumour invasion, migration, and therapeutic resistance. However, studies on focal adhesion-related genes (FARGs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are limited. Methods Data on HNSCC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE41613 datasets, and 199 FARGs were obtained from the Molecular Signatures database. The integrated datasets' dimensions were reduced by the use of cluster analysis, which was also used to classify patients with HNSCC into subclusters. A FARG signature model was developed and utilized to calculate each patient's risk score using least extreme shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. The risk score was done to quantify the subgroups of all patients. We evaluated the model's value for prognostic prediction, immune infiltration status, and therapeutic response in HNSCC. Preliminary molecular and biological experiments were performed to verify these results. Results Two different HNSCC molecular subtypes were identified according to FARGs, and patients with C2 had a shorter overall survival (OS) than those with C1. We constructed an FARG signature comprising nine genes. We constructed a FARG signature consisting of nine genes. Patients with higher risk scores calculated from the FARG signature had a lower OS, and the FARG signature was considered an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC in univariate and multivariate analyses. FARGs are associated with immune cell invasion, gene mutation status, and chemosensitivity. Finally, we observed an abnormal overexpression of MAPK9 in HNSCC tissues, and MAPK9 knockdown greatly impeded the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNSCC cells. Conclusion The FARG signature can provide reliable prognostic prediction for patients with HNSCC. Apart from that, the genes in this model were related to immune invasion, gene mutation status, and chemosensitivity, which may provide new ideas for targeted therapies for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhechen Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyue Fu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanxun Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Yanqiang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bingyu Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Yidan Xu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Siyue Yin
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bangjie Chen
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haifeng Pan
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhang Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kaile Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bai L, Li X, Yang Y, Zhao R, White EZ, Danaher A, Bowen NJ, Hinton CV, Cook N, Li D, Wu AY, Qui M, Du Y, Fu H, Kucuk O, Wu D. Bromocriptine monotherapy overcomes prostate cancer chemoresistance in preclinical models. Transl Oncol 2023; 34:101707. [PMID: 37271121 PMCID: PMC10248552 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major obstacle in the clinical management of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). It is imperative to develop novel strategies to overcome chemoresistance and improve clinical outcomes in patients who have failed chemotherapy. Using a two-tier phenotypic screening platform, we identified bromocriptine mesylate as a potent and selective inhibitor of chemoresistant PCa cells. Bromocriptine effectively induced cell cycle arrest and activated apoptosis in chemoresistant PCa cells but not in chemoresponsive PCa cells. RNA-seq analyses revealed that bromocriptine affected a subset of genes implicated in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA repair, and cell death. Interestingly, approximately one-third (50/157) of the differentially expressed genes affected by bromocriptine overlapped with known p53-p21- retinoblastoma protein (RB) target genes. At the protein level, bromocriptine increased the expression of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and affected several classical and non-classical dopamine receptor signal pathways in chemoresistant PCa cells, including adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and survivin. As a monotherapy, bromocriptine treatment at 15 mg/kg, three times per week, via the intraperitoneal route significantly inhibited the skeletal growth of chemoresistant C4-2B-TaxR xenografts in athymic nude mice. In summary, these results provided the first preclinical evidence that bromocriptine is a selective and effective inhibitor of chemoresistant PCa. Due to its favorable clinical safety profiles, bromocriptine could be rapidly tested in PCa patients and repurposed as a novel subtype-specific treatment to overcome chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Bai
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Elshaddai Z. White
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alira Danaher
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nathan J. Bowen
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cimona V. Hinton
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas Cook
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dehong Li
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alyssa Y. Wu
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Min Qui
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daqing Wu
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- MetCure Therapeutics LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Saleban M, Harris EL, Poulter JA. D-Type Cyclins in Development and Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1445. [PMID: 37510349 PMCID: PMC10378862 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
D-type cyclins encode G1/S cell cycle checkpoint proteins, which play a crucial role in defining cell cycle exit and progression. Precise control of cell cycle exit is vital during embryonic development, with defects in the pathways regulating intracellular D-type cyclins resulting in abnormal initiation of stem cell differentiation in a variety of different organ systems. Furthermore, stabilisation of D-type cyclins is observed in a wide range of disorders characterized by cellular over-proliferation, including cancers and overgrowth disorders. In this review, we will summarize and compare the roles played by each D-type cyclin during development and provide examples of how their intracellular dysregulation can be an underlying cause of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saleban
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Erica L Harris
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - James A Poulter
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Petkovic M, Yalçin M, Heese O, Relógio A. Differential expression of the circadian clock network correlates with tumour progression in gliomas. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:154. [PMID: 37400829 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are tumours arising mostly from astrocytic or oligodendrocytic precursor cells. These tumours are classified according to the updated WHO classification from 2021 in 4 grades depending on molecular and histopathological criteria. Despite novel multimodal therapeutic approaches, the vast majority of gliomas (WHO grade III and IV) are not curable. The circadian clock is an important regulator of numerous cellular processes and its dysregulation had been found during the progression of many cancers, including gliomas. RESULTS In this study, we explore expression patterns of clock-controlled genes in low-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and show that a set of 45 clock-controlled genes can be used to distinguish GBM from normal tissue. Subsequent analysis identified 17 clock-controlled genes with a significant association with survival. The results point to a loss of correlation strength within elements of the circadian clock network in GBM compared to LGG. We further explored the progression patterns of mutations in LGG and GBM, and showed that tumour suppressor APC is lost late both in LGG and GBM. Moreover, HIF1A, involved in cellular response to hypoxia, exhibits subclonal losses in LGG, and TERT, involved in the formation of telomerase, is lost late in the GBM progression. By examining multi-sample LGG data, we find that the clock-controlled driver genes APC, HIF1A, TERT and TP53 experience frequent subclonal gains and losses. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a higher level of disrgulation at the gene expression level in GBM compared to LGG, and indicate an association between the differentially expressed clock-regulated genes and patient survival in both LGG and GBM. By reconstructing the patterns of progression in LGG and GBM, our data reveals the relatively late gains and losses of clock-regulated glioma drivers. Our analysis emphasizes the role of clock-regulated genes in glioma development and progression. Yet, further research is needed to asses their value in the development of new treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Petkovic
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Müge Yalçin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Heese
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spinal Surgery, HELIOS Medical Center Schwerin, University Campus of MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ali F, Wang D, Cheng Y, Wu M, Saleem MZ, Wei L, Xie Y, Yan M, Chu J, Yang Y, Shen A, Peng J. Quercetin attenuates angiotensin II-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and p53 pathway activation in vitro and in vivo. Biofactors 2023; 49:956-970. [PMID: 37296538 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is an essential flavonoid mostly found in herbal plants, fruits, and vegetables, which exhibits anti-hypertension properties. However, its pharmacological impact on angiotensin II (Ang II) induced the increase of blood pressure along with in-depth mechanism needs further exploration. The present study pointed out the anti-hypertensive role of quercetin and its comprehensive fundamental mechanisms. Our data showed that quercetin treatment substantially reduced the increase in blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and aortic thickness of abdominal aorta in Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mice. RNA sequencing revealed that quercetin treatment reversed 464 differentially expressed transcripts in the abdominal aorta of Ang II-infused mice. Moreover, overlapping KEGG-enriched signaling pathways identified multiple common pathways between the comparison of Ang II versus control and Ang II + quercetin versus Ang II. Likewise, these pathways included cell cycle as well as p53 pathways. Transcriptome was further validated by immunohistochemistry, indicating that quercetin treatment significantly decreased the Ang II-induced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (CDK4), and cyclin D1, while increased protein expression of p53, and p21 in abdominal aortic tissues of mice. In vitro, quercetin treatment meaningfully decreased the cell viability, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, and up-regulated the p53 and p21 proteins expression, as well as down-regulated the protein expression of cell cycle-related markers, for example, CDK4, cyclin D1 in Ang II stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This study addresses pharmacologic and mechanistic perspectives of quercetin against Ang-II-induced vascular injury and the increase of blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ali
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Di Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Muhammad Zubair Saleem
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mengchao Yan
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangfeng Chu
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jin W, Zhang J, Chen X, Yin S, Yu H, Gao F, Yao D. Unraveling the complexity of histone-arginine methyltransferase CARM1 in cancer: From underlying mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188916. [PMID: 37196782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), a type I protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT), has been widely reported to catalyze arginine methylation of histone and non-histone substrates, which is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of cancer. Recently, accumulating studies have demonstrated the oncogenic role of CARM1 in many types of human cancers. More importantly, CARM1 has been emerging as an attractive therapeutic target for discovery of new candidate anti-tumor drugs. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the molecular structure of CARM1 and its key regulatory pathways, as well as further discuss the rapid progress in better understanding of the oncogenic functions of CARM1. Moreover, we further demonstrate several representative targeted CARM1 inhibitors, especially focusing on demonstrating their designing strategies and potential therapeutic applications. Together, these inspiring findings would shed new light on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of CARM1 and provide a clue on discovery of more potent and selective CARM1 inhibitors for the future targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Jin
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiya Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China; School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Siwen Yin
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - Dahong Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Oliveira NND, Machado JVL, Moreira DC, Brand GD, Leite JRSA, Plácido A, Eaton P, Saldanha-Araujo F. The Peptide Salamandrin-I Modulates Components Involved in Pyroptosis and Induces Cell Death in Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1864. [PMID: 37514049 PMCID: PMC10384876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian secretions have been extensively investigated for the production of bioactive molecules. Salamandrin-I is an antioxidant peptide, isolated from the skin secretion of the fire salamander, that has induced no toxicity in microglia or erythrocytes. Importantly, the administration of antioxidants may constitute an adequate therapeutic approach to cancer treatment. Here, with the purpose of better characterizing the therapeutic potential of salamandrin-I, we investigated whether this antioxidant peptide also exerts anticancer activity, using the human leukemia cell line HL-60 as a cancer model. Salamandrin-I treatment induced a significant reduction in HL-60 proliferation, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the peptide-induced cell death showed a significant increase in the LDH release in HL-60 cells. The cellular toxicity exerted by salamandrin-I is possibly related to pyroptosis, since the HL-60 cells showed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and hyperexpression of inflammasome components following the peptide treatment. This is the first demonstration of the anticancer potential of the salamandrin-I peptide. Such results are important, as they offer relevant insights into the field of cancer therapy and allow the design of future bioactive molecules using salamandrin-I as a template.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Nakaly Natiely de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Viana Lafetá Machado
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Carneiro Moreira
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology, NuPMIA, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dotto Brand
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology, NuPMIA, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Eaton
- The Bridge, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cai W, Shu LZ, Liu DJ, Zhou L, Wang MM, Deng H. Targeting cyclin D1 as a therapeutic approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1145082. [PMID: 37427143 PMCID: PMC10324616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1145082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 functions as a mitogenic sensor that specifically binds to CDK4/6, thereby integrating external mitogenic inputs and cell cycle progression. Cyclin D1 interacts with transcription factors and regulates various important cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Therefore, its dysregulation contributes to carcinogenesis. Cyclin D1 is highly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the particular cellular mechanisms through which abnormal cyclin D1 expression causes PTC are poorly understood. Unveiling the regulatory mechanisms of cyclin D1 and its function in PTC may help determine clinically effective strategies, and open up better opportunities for further research, leading to the development of novel PTC regimens that are clinically effective. This review explores the mechanisms underlying cyclin D1 overexpression in PTC. Furthermore, we discuss the role of cyclin D1 in PTC tumorigenesis via its interactions with other regulatory elements. Finally, recent progress in the development of therapeutic options targeting cyclin D1 in PTC is examined and summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ding-Jie Liu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wan D, He L, Guo C, Zhong Z, Yan X, Cao J, Xu Q, Zhang H, Duan B. m6A-related lncRNAs predict prognosis and indicate cell cycle in gastric cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1140218. [PMID: 37408779 PMCID: PMC10319253 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1140218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a common epigenetic methylation modification of RNA, which plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis and progression by regulating long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This study is aimed to investigate the potential prognostic signatures of m6A -related lncRNAs in STAD. Methods: The m6A-related lncRNAs with the most significant impact on gastric cancer prognosis in the TCGA database were identified by bioinformatics and machine learning methods. The m6A-related lncRNA prognostic model (m6A-LPS) and nomogram was constructed by Cox regression analysis with the minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. The functional enrichment analysis of m6A-related lncRNAs was also investigated. The miRTarBase, miRDB and TargetScan databases were utilized to establish a prognosis-related network of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by bioinformatics methods. The correlation of AL391152.1 expressions and cell cycle were experimentally testified by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Results: In total, 697 lncRNAs that were identified as m6A-related lncRNAs in GC samples. The survival analysis showed that 18 lncRNAs demonstrated prognostic values. A risk model with 11 lncRNAs was established by Lasso Cox regression, and can predict the prognosis of GC patients. Cox regression analysis and ROC curve indicated that this lncRNA prediction model was an independent risk factor for survival rates. Functional enrichment analysis and ceRNA network revealed that the nomogram was notably associated with cell cycle. qRT-PCR and flow cytometry revealed that downregulation of GC m6A-related lncRNA AL391152.1 could decrease cyclins expression in SGC7901 cells. Conclusion: A m6A-related lncRNAs prognostic model was established in this study, which can be applied to predict prognosis and cell cycle in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingnan He
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zishao Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Yan
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinwei Xu
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bensong Duan
- Endoscopy Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fradley MG, Nguyen NHK, Madnick D, Chen Y, DeMichele A, Makhlin I, Dent S, Lefebvre B, Carver J, Upshaw JN, DeRemer D, Ky B, Guha A, Gong Y. Adverse Cardiovascular Events Associated With Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029361. [PMID: 37301767 PMCID: PMC10356048 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitors have significantly improved survival in patients with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. There are few data regarding the epidemiology of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) with these therapies. Methods and Results Using the OneFlorida Data Trust, adult patients without prior cardiovascular disease who received at least 1 CDK4/6 inhibitor were included in the analysis. CVAEs identified from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD-9/10) codes included hypertension, atrial fibrillation(AF)/atrial flutter (AFL), heart failure/cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, and pericardial disease. Competing risk analysis (Fine-Gray model) was used to determine the association between CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy and incident CVAEs. The effect of CVAEs on all-cause death was studied using Cox proportional hazard models. Propensity-weight analyses were performed to compare these patients to a cohort of patients treated with anthracyclines. A total of 1376 patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors were included in the analysis. CVAEs occurred in 24% (35.9 per 100 person-years). CVAEs were slightly higher in patients who received CKD4/6 inhibitors compared with anthracyclines (P=0.063), with higher death rate associated with the development of AF/AFL or cardiomyopathy/heart failure in the CDK4/6 group. The development of cardiomyopathy/heart failure and AF/AFL was associated with increased all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 4.89 [95% CI, 2.98-8.05]; and 5.88 [95% CI, 3.56-9.73], respectively). Conclusions CVAEs may be more common with CDK4/6 inhibitors than previously recognized, with increased death rates in these patients who develop AF/AFL or heart failure. Further research is needed to definitively determine cardiovascular risk associated with these novel anticancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Fradley
- Cardio‐Oncology Center of Excellence, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicinePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Nam H. K. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational ResearchCollege of Pharmacy, University of FloridaGainesvilleFL
| | - David Madnick
- Department of MedicineHospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & OncologyPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Igor Makhlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & OncologyPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Susan Dent
- Duke Cancer InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNC
| | - Benedicte Lefebvre
- Cardio‐Oncology Center of Excellence, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicinePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Joseph Carver
- Cardio‐Oncology Center of Excellence, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicinePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Jenica N. Upshaw
- Cardio‐Oncology Program, Division of CardiologyTufts Medical CenterBostonMA
| | - David DeRemer
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational ResearchCollege of Pharmacy, University of FloridaGainesvilleFL
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
- UF Health Cancer CenterGainesvilleFL
| | - Bonnie Ky
- Cardio‐Oncology Center of Excellence, Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicinePerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Avirup Guha
- Cardio‐Oncology Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGA
- Cardio‐Oncology Program, Division of CardiologyThe Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational ResearchCollege of Pharmacy, University of FloridaGainesvilleFL
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
- UF Health Cancer CenterGainesvilleFL
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xue Y, Mei H, Chen Y, Griffin JD, Liu Q, Weisberg E, Yang J. Repurposing clinically available drugs and therapies for pathogenic targets to combat SARS-CoV-2. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e254. [PMID: 37193304 PMCID: PMC10183156 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected a large portion of the global population, both physically and mentally. Current evidence suggests that the rapidly evolving coronavirus subvariants risk rendering vaccines and antibodies ineffective due to their potential to evade existing immunity, with enhanced transmission activity and higher reinfection rates that could lead to new outbreaks across the globe. The goal of viral management is to disrupt the viral life cycle as well as to relieve severe symptoms such as lung damage, cytokine storm, and organ failure. In the fight against viruses, the combination of viral genome sequencing, elucidation of the structure of viral proteins, and identifying proteins that are highly conserved across multiple coronaviruses has revealed many potential molecular targets. In addition, the time- and cost-effective repurposing of preexisting antiviral drugs or approved/clinical drugs for these targets offers considerable clinical advantages for COVID-19 patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various identified pathogenic targets and pathways as well as corresponding repurposed approved/clinical drugs and their potential against COVID-19. These findings provide new insight into the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies that could be applied to the control of disease symptoms emanating from evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Xue
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Husheng Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Yisa Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - James D. Griffin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
- Hefei Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Ellen Weisberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Svolacchia F, Brongo S, Catalano A, Ceccarini A, Svolacchia L, Santarsiere A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Finelli F, Milella L, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Fabrizio T, Giuzio F. Natural Products for the Prevention, Treatment and Progression of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112981. [PMID: 37296944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the most used natural products as useful adjuvants in BC by clarifying how these products may play a critical role in the prevention, treatment and progression of this disease. BC is the leading cancer, in terms of incidence, that affects women. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of BC were widely reported. Inflammation and cancer are known to influence each other in several tumors. In the case of BC, the inflammatory component precedes the development of the neoplasm through a slowly increasing and prolonged inflammation that also favors its growth. BC therapy involves a multidisciplinary approach comprising surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There are numerous observations that showed that the effects of some natural substances, which, in integration with the classic protocols, can be used not only for prevention or integration in order to prevent recurrences and induce a state of chemoquiescence but also as chemo- and radiosensitizers during classic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Policlinic Foundation Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Brongo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Salerno, 84131 Campania, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Agostino Ceccarini
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
| | - Lorenzo Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santarsiere
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fabrizio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Federica Giuzio
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Iglesias P, Seoane M, Golán-Cancela I, Fraga M, Arce VM, Costoya JA. A New Opportunity for "Old" Molecules: Targeting PARP1 Activity through a Non-Enzymatic Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108849. [PMID: 37240195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, new therapies have been developed based on molecules that target molecular mechanisms involved in both the initiation and maintenance of the oncogenic process. Among these molecules are the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors. PARP1 has emerged as a target with great therapeutic potential for some tumor types, drawing attention to this enzyme and resulting in many small molecule inhibitors of its enzymatic activity. Therefore, many PARP inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient tumors, BRCA-related cancers, taking advantage of synthetic lethality. In addition, several novel cellular functions unrelated to its role in DNA repair have been described, including post-translational modification of transcription factors, or acting through protein-protein interactions as a co-activator or co-repressor of transcription. Previously, we reported that this enzyme may play a key role as a transcriptional co-activator of an important component of cell cycle regulation, the transcription factor E2F1. Here, we show that PARP inhibitors, which interfere with its activity in cell cycle regulation, perform this without affecting its enzymatic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Iglesias
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxía, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Seoane
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxía, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Irene Golán-Cancela
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxía, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Máximo Fraga
- Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victor M Arce
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxía, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose A Costoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxía, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CiMUS), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mortoglou M, Miralles F, Mould RR, Sengupta D, Uysal-Onganer P. Inhibiting CDK4/6 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via microRNA-21. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151318. [PMID: 37105116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of 5-10 %. The high mortality rate is due to the asymptomatic progression of clinical features in metastatic stages of the disease, which renders standard therapeutic options futile. PDAC is characterised by alterations in several genes that drive carcinogenesis and limit therapeutic response. The two most common genetic aberrations in PDAC are the mutational activation of KRAS and loss of the tumour suppressor CDK inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), which culminate the activation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), that promote G1 cell cycle progression. Therapeutic strategies focusing on the CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib (PD-0332991) may potentially improve outcomes in this malignancy. MicroRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules associated with cellular proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Primarily, miR-21 promotes cell proliferation and a higher proportion of PDAC cells in the S phase, while knockdown of miR-21 has been linked to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and inhibition of cell proliferation. In this study, using a CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function screen, we individually silenced the expression of miR-21 in two PDAC cell lines and in combination with PD-0332991 treatment, we examined the synergetic mechanisms of CDK4/6 inhibitors and miR-21 knockouts (KOs) on cell survival and death. This combination reduced cell proliferation, cell viability, increased apoptosis and G1 arrest in vitro. We further analysed the mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis of PDAC cells; then assessed the protein content of these cells and revealed numerous Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways associated with PD-0332991 treatment and miR-21 knocking out. Our results demonstrate that combined targeting of CDK4/6 and silencing of miR-21 represents a novel therapeutic strategy in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mortoglou
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, W1W 6UW London, UK
| | - Francesc Miralles
- Centre of Biomedical Education/Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Cell Biology Research Centre, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Rhys Richard Mould
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, W1W 6UW London, UK
| | - Dipankar Sengupta
- Health Data Sciences Research Group, Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, W1W 6UW London, UK
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, W1W 6UW London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Barbeiro CDO, Fernandes D, Palaçon MP, Castilho RM, de Almeida LY, Bufalino A. Inflammatory Cells Can Alter the Levels of H3K9ac and γH2AX in Dysplastic Cells and Favor Tumor Phenotype. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040662. [PMID: 37109048 PMCID: PMC10141380 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are clinical presentations that carry an increased risk of cancer development. Currently, epithelial dysplasia grade is based on architectural and cytological epithelial changes and is used to predict the malignant transformation of these lesions. However, predicting which OPMD will progress to a malignant tumor is very challenging. Inflammatory infiltrates can favor cancer development, and recent studies suggest that this association with OPMD lesions may be related to the etiology and/or aggressive clinical behavior of these lesions. Epigenetic changes such as histone modifications may mediate chronic inflammation and also favor tumor cells in immune resistance and evasion. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between histone acetylation (H3K9ac) and DNA damage in the context of dysplastic lesions with prominent chronic inflammation. Immunofluorescence of "low-risk" and "high-risk" OPMD lesions (n = 24) and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (n = 10) as the control group was performed to assess histone acetylation levels and DNA damage through the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX). Cell co-culture assays with PBMCs and oral keratinocyte cell lines (NOK-SI, DOK, and SCC-25) were performed to assess proliferation, adhesion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Oral dysplastic lesions showed a hypoacetylation of H3K9 and low levels of γH2AX compared to control. The contact of dysplastic oral keratinocytes with PBMCs favored EMT and the loss of cell-cell adhesion. On the other hand, p27 levels increased and cyclin E decreased in DOK, indicating cell cycle arrest. We conclude that the presence of chronic inflammation associated to dysplastic lesions is capable of promoting epigenetic alterations, which in turn can favor the process of malignant transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Oliveira Barbeiro
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Darcy Fernandes
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Paravani Palaçon
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, 1011N University Av, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Luciana Yamamoto de Almeida
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Oral Medicine, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
McElhinney K, Irnaten M, O’Brien C. p53 and Myofibroblast Apoptosis in Organ Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076737. [PMID: 37047710 PMCID: PMC10095465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis represents a dysregulated, maladaptive wound repair response that results in progressive disruption of normal tissue architecture leading to detrimental deterioration in physiological function, and significant morbidity/mortality. Fibrosis is thought to contribute to nearly 50% of all deaths in the Western world with current treatment modalities effective in slowing disease progression but not effective in restoring organ function or reversing fibrotic changes. When physiological wound repair is complete, myofibroblasts are programmed to undergo cell death and self-clearance, however, in fibrosis there is a characteristic absence of myofibroblast apoptosis. It has been shown that in fibrosis, myofibroblasts adopt an apoptotic-resistant, highly proliferative phenotype leading to persistent myofibroblast activation and perpetuation of the fibrotic disease process. Recently, this pathological adaptation has been linked to dysregulated expression of tumour suppressor gene p53. In this review, we discuss p53 dysregulation and apoptotic failure in myofibroblasts and demonstrate its consistent link to fibrotic disease development in all types of organ fibrosis. An enhanced understanding of the role of p53 dysregulation and myofibroblast apoptosis may aid in future novel therapeutic and/or diagnostic strategies in organ fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kealan McElhinney
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm O’Brien
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gangemi CG, Sabapathy RT, Janovjak H. CDK6 activity in a recurring convergent kinase network motif. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22845. [PMID: 36884374 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201344r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
In humans, more than 500 kinases phosphorylate ~15% of all proteins in an emerging phosphorylation network. Convergent local interaction motifs, in which ≥two kinases phosphorylate the same substrate, underlie feedback loops and signal amplification events but have not been systematically analyzed. Here, we first report a network-wide computational analysis of convergent kinase-substrate relationships (cKSRs). In experimentally validated phosphorylation sites, we find that cKSRs are common and involve >80% of all human kinases and >24% of all substrates. We show that cKSRs occur over a wide range of stoichiometries, in many instances harnessing co-expressed kinases from family subgroups. We then experimentally demonstrate for the prototypical convergent CDK4/6 kinase pair how multiple inputs phosphorylate the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein (RB) and thereby hamper in situ analysis of the individual kinases. We hypothesize that overexpression of one kinase combined with a CDK4/6 inhibitor can dissect convergence. In breast cancer cells expressing high levels of CDK4, we confirm this hypothesis and develop a high-throughput compatible assay that quantifies genetically modified CDK6 variants and inhibitors. Collectively, our work reveals the occurrence, topology, and experimental dissection of convergent interactions toward a deeper understanding of kinase networks and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina G Gangemi
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute (ARMI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Clayton/Melbourne, Australia.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Victoria, Clayton/Melbourne, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Bedford Park/Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rahkesh T Sabapathy
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Bedford Park/Adelaide, Australia
| | - Harald Janovjak
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute (ARMI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Clayton/Melbourne, Australia.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Victoria, Clayton/Melbourne, Australia.,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Bedford Park/Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zabihi M, Lotfi R, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases: from biology to tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1585-1606. [PMID: 35781526 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discussion on cell proliferation cannot be continued without taking a look at the cell cycle regulatory machinery. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins, and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) are valuable members of this system and their equilibrium guarantees the proper progression of the cell cycle. As expected, any dysregulation in the expression or function of these components can provide a platform for excessive cell proliferation leading to tumorigenesis. The high frequency of CDK abnormalities in human cancers, together with their druggable structure has raised the possibility that perhaps designing a series of inhibitors targeting CDKs might be advantageous for restricting the survival of tumor cells; however, their application has faced a serious concern, since these groups of serine-threonine kinases possess non-canonical functions as well. In the present review, we aimed to take a look at the biology of CDKs and then magnify their contribution to tumorigenesis. Then, by arguing the bright and dark aspects of CDK inhibition in the treatment of human cancers, we intend to reach a consensus on the application of these inhibitors in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Zabihi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang H, Yan S, Zhan Y, Ma S, Bian Y, Li S, Tian J, Li G, Zhong D, Diao X, Miao L. A mass balance study of [14C]SHR6390 (dalpiciclib), a selective and potent CDK4/6 inhibitor in humans. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1116073. [PMID: 37063263 PMCID: PMC10102643 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1116073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SHR6390 (dalpiciclib) is a selective and effective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor and an effective cancer therapeutic agent. On 31 December 2021, the new drug application was approved by National Medical Product Administration (NMPA). The metabolism, mass balance, and pharmacokinetics of SHR6390 in 6 healthy Chinese male subjects after a single oral dose of 150 mg [14C]SHR6390 (150 µCi) in this research. The Tmax of SHR6390 was 3.00 h. In plasma, the t1/2 of SHR6390 and its relative components was approximately 17.50 h. The radioactivity B/P (blood-to-plasma) AUC0-t ratio was 1.81, indicating the preferential distribution of drug-related substances in blood cells. At 312 h after administration, the average cumulative excretion of radioactivity was 94.63% of the dose, including 22.69% in urine and 71.93% in stool. Thirteen metabolites were identified. In plasma, because of the low level of radioactivity, only SHR6390 was detected in pooled AUC0-24 h plasma. Stool SHR6390 was the main component in urine and stool. Five metabolites were identified in urine, and 12 metabolites were identified in stool. Overall, faecal clearance is the main method of excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Drug Research and Translational Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shu Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Drug Research and Translational Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yicong Bian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Drug Research and Translational Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaorong Li
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjun Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangze Li
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dafang Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dafang Zhong, ; Xingxing Diao, ; Liyan Miao,
| | - Xingxing Diao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dafang Zhong, ; Xingxing Diao, ; Liyan Miao,
| | - Liyan Miao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Drug Research and Translational Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dafang Zhong, ; Xingxing Diao, ; Liyan Miao,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu T, Pan C, Shi H, Huang T, Huang YL, Deng YY, Ni WX, Man WL. Cytotoxic cis-ruthenium(III) bis(amidine) complexes. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37000490 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
In chemotherapy, the search for ruthenium compounds as alternatives to platinum compounds is proposed because of their unique properties. However, the geometry effect of ruthenium complexes is sparely investigated. In this paper, we report the synthesis of a series of bis(acetylacetonato)ruthenium(III) complexes bearing two amidines (1-) in a cis configuration. These complexes are highly cytotoxic against various cancer cell lines, including a cisplatin-resistant cell line. In vitro studies suggested that the representative complex can induce cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest, decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, elevate the intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and cause DNA damage and caspase-mediated mitochondrial pathway apoptosis in NCI-H460 cells. In vivo, it can effectively inhibit tumor xenograft growth in nude mouse models with no body weight loss. In combination with the reported trans-bis(amidine)ruthenium(III) complexes, we found that ruthenium(III) bis(amidine) complexes could be cytotoxic in both trans and cis geometries, which is in contrast to platinum-based compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Chen Pan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Huatian Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Yong-Liang Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Yang-Yang Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Wen-Xiu Ni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
| | - Wai-Lun Man
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|