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Ghrayeb A, Finney AC, Agranovich B, Peled D, Anand SK, McKinney MP, Sarji M, Yang D, Weissman N, Drucker S, Fernandes SI, Fernández-García J, Mahan K, Abassi Z, Tan L, Lorenzi PL, Traylor J, Zhang J, Abramovich I, Chen YE, Rom O, Mor I, Gottlieb E. Serine synthesis via reversed SHMT2 activity drives glycine depletion and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in MASLD. Cell Metab 2024; 36:116-129.e7. [PMID: 38171331 PMCID: PMC10777734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects one-third of the global population. Understanding the metabolic pathways involved can provide insights into disease progression and treatment. Untargeted metabolomics of livers from mice with early-stage steatosis uncovered decreased methylated metabolites, suggesting altered one-carbon metabolism. The levels of glycine, a central component of one-carbon metabolism, were lower in mice with hepatic steatosis, consistent with clinical evidence. Stable-isotope tracing demonstrated that increased serine synthesis from glycine via reverse serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) is the underlying cause for decreased glycine in steatotic livers. Consequently, limited glycine availability in steatotic livers impaired glutathione synthesis under acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress, enhancing acute hepatotoxicity. Glycine supplementation or hepatocyte-specific ablation of the mitochondrial SHMT2 isoform in mice with hepatic steatosis mitigated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by supporting de novo glutathione synthesis. Thus, early metabolic changes in MASLD that limit glycine availability sensitize mice to xenobiotics even at the reversible stage of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ghrayeb
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Alexandra C Finney
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Bella Agranovich
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Daniel Peled
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Sumit Kumar Anand
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - M Peyton McKinney
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Mahasen Sarji
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Dongshan Yang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Natan Weissman
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Shani Drucker
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Sara Isabel Fernandes
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Jonatan Fernández-García
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Kyle Mahan
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Zaid Abassi
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Lin Tan
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - James Traylor
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Oren Rom
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
| | - Inbal Mor
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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2
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Yuan X, Zhou Y, Sun J, Wang S, Hu X, Li J, Huang J, Chen N. Preventing acute liver injury via hepatocyte-targeting nano-antioxidants. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13494. [PMID: 37139662 PMCID: PMC10693184 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a severe liver disease that is characterized by sudden and massive hepatocyte necrosis and deterioration of liver functions. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the induction and progression of ALI. Scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) with antioxidants has become a promising therapeutic option, but intrinsically hepatocyte-targeting antioxidants with excellent bioavailability and biocompatibility are yet to be developed. Herein, self-assembling nanoparticles (NPs) composed of amphiphilic polymers are introduced to encapsulate organic Selenium compound L-Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMC) and form SeMC NPs, which protect the viabilities and functions of cultured hepatocytes in drug- or chemical-induced acute hepatotoxicity models via efficient ROS removal. After further functionalization with the hepatocyte-targeting ligand glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the resultant GA-SeMC NPs exhibit enhanced hepatocyte uptake and liver accumulation. In mouse models of ALI induced by acetaminophen (APAP) or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ), treatment with GA-SeMC NPs significantly decrease the levels of hepatic lipid peroxidation, tissue vacuolization and serum liver transaminases, while prominently increase that of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Our study therefore presents a liver-targeting drug delivery strategy for the prevention and treatment of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic CatalysisShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanfeng Zhou
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jinli Sun
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic CatalysisShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xingjie Hu
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jiyu Li
- School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- He'nan Xibaikang Health Industry Co., LtdJiyuanChina
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of NeurologyXuhui District Central HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Nan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic CatalysisShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
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3
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Zhang W, Liu K, Ren GM, Wang Y, Wang T, Liu X, Li DX, Xiao Y, Chen X, Li YT, Zhan YQ, Xiang SS, Chen H, Gao HY, Zhao K, Yu M, Ge CH, Li CY, Ge ZQ, Yang XM, Yin RH. BRISC is required for optimal activation of NF-κB in Kupffer cells induced by LPS and contributes to acute liver injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:743. [PMID: 37968261 PMCID: PMC10651896 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BRISC (BRCC3 isopeptidase complex) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that has been linked with inflammatory processes, but its role in liver diseases and the underlying mechanism are unknown. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological role of BRISC in acute liver failure using a mice model induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that the expression of BRISC components was dramatically increased in kupffer cells (KCs) upon LPS treatment in vitro or by the injection of LPS in D-GalN-sensitized mice. D-GalN plus LPS-induced liver damage and mortality in global BRISC-null mice were markedly attenuated, which was accompanied by impaired hepatocyte death and hepatic inflammation response. Constantly, treatment with thiolutin, a potent BRISC inhibitor, remarkably alleviated D-GalN/LPS-induced liver injury in mice. By using bone marrow-reconstituted chimeric mice and cell-specific BRISC-deficient mice, we demonstrated that KCs are the key effector cells responsible for protection against D-GalN/LPS-induced liver injury in BRISC-deficient mice. Mechanistically, we found that hepatic and circulating levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-1β, as well as TNF-α- and MCP-1-producing KCs, in BRISC-deleted mice were dramatically decreased as early as 1 h after D-GalN/LPS challenge, which occurred prior to the elevation of the liver injury markers. Moreover, LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines production in KCs was significantly diminished by BRISC deficiency in vitro, which was accompanied by potently attenuated NF-κB activation. Restoration of NF-κB activation by two small molecular activators of NF-κB p65 effectively reversed the suppression of cytokines production in ABRO1-deficient KCs by LPS. In conclusion, BRISC is required for optimal activation of NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory cytokines production in LPS-treated KCs and contributes to acute liver injury. This study opens the possibility to develop new strategies for the inhibition of KCs-driven inflammation in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Guang-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shen-Si Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui-Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chang-Hui Ge
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Rong-Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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4
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Hassan GS, Flores Molina M, Shoukry NH. The multifaceted role of macrophages during acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237042. [PMID: 37736102 PMCID: PMC10510203 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is situated at the interface of the gut and circulation where it acts as a filter for blood-borne and gut-derived microbes and biological molecules, promoting tolerance of non-invasive antigens while driving immune responses against pathogenic ones. Liver resident immune cells such as Kupffer cells (KCs), a subset of macrophages, maintain homeostasis under physiological conditions. However, upon liver injury, these cells and others recruited from circulation participate in the response to injury and the repair of tissue damage. Such response is thus spatially and temporally regulated and implicates interconnected cells of immune and non-immune nature. This review will describe the hepatic immune environment during acute liver injury and the subsequent wound healing process. In its early stages, the wound healing immune response involves a necroinflammatory process characterized by partial depletion of resident KCs and lymphocytes and a significant infiltration of myeloid cells including monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) complemented by a wave of pro-inflammatory mediators. The subsequent repair stage includes restoring KCs, initiating angiogenesis, renewing extracellular matrix and enhancing proliferation/activation of resident parenchymal and mesenchymal cells. This review will focus on the multifaceted role of hepatic macrophages, including KCs and MoMFs, and their spatial distribution and roles during acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S. Hassan
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manuel Flores Molina
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Naglaa H. Shoukry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Porterfield JE, Sharma R, Jimenez AS, Sah N, McCracken S, Zhang L, An H, Lee S, Kannan S, Sharma A, Kannan RM. Galactosylated hydroxyl-polyamidoamine dendrimer targets hepatocytes and improves therapeutic outcomes in a severe model of acetaminophen poisoning-induced liver failure. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10486. [PMID: 37206223 PMCID: PMC10189448 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicity to hepatocytes caused by various insults including drugs is a common cause of chronic liver failure requiring transplantation. Targeting therapeutics specifically to hepatocytes is often a challenge since they are relatively nonendocytosing unlike the highly phagocytic Kupffer cells in the liver. Approaches that enable targeted intracellular delivery of therapeutics to hepatocytes have significant promise in addressing liver disorders. We synthesized a galactose-conjugated hydroxyl polyamidoamine dendrimer (D4-Gal) that targets hepatocytes efficiently through the asialoglycoprotein receptors in healthy mice and in a mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver failure. D4-Gal localized specifically in hepatocytes and showed significantly better targeting when compared with the non-Gal functionalized hydroxyl dendrimer. The therapeutic potential of D4-Gal conjugated to N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was tested in a mouse model of APAP-induced liver failure. A single intravenous dose of a conjugate of D4-Gal and NAC (Gal-d-NAC) improved survival in APAP mice, decreased cellular oxidative injury and areas of necrosis in the liver, even when administered at the delayed time point of 8 h after APAP exposure. Overdose of APAP is the most common cause of acute hepatic injury and liver transplant need in the United States, and is treated with large doses of NAC administered rapidly within 8 h of overdose leading to systemic side effects and poor tolerance. NAC is not effective when treatment is delayed. Our results suggest that D4-Gal is effective in targeting and delivering therapies to hepatocytes and Gal-D-NAC has the potential to salvage and treat liver injury with a broader therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E. Porterfield
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ambar Scarlet Jimenez
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nirnath Sah
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sean McCracken
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lucia Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Hyoung‐Tae An
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of RadiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Seulki Lee
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of RadiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc.BaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of OphthalmologyWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc.BaltimoreMarylandUSA
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6
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Hao W, Li K, Liu S, Yu H, Li P, Xing R. Pleiotropic Modulation of Chitooligosaccharides on Inflammatory Signaling in LPS-Induced Macrophages. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071613. [PMID: 37050227 PMCID: PMC10096960 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is a green and non-toxic cationic carbohydrate that has attracted wide attention in recent years due to its anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of COS remains unclear. In this study, RNA-seq was used to investigate the integrated response of COS to LPS-induced damage in macrophages. The results showed that the experimental group with COS had 2570 genes with significant differences compared to the model group, and that these genes were more enriched in inflammatory and immune pathways. The KEGG results showed that COS induces the pleiotropic modulation of classical inflammatory pathways, such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-κB, MAPK, etc. Based on the RNA-seq data and the RT-qPCR, as well as the WB validation, COS can significantly upregulate the expression of membrane receptors, such as Tlr4, Tlr5, and MR, and significantly inhibits the phosphorylation of several important proteins, such as IκB and JNK. Overall, this study offers deep insights into the anti-inflammatory mechanism and lays the foundation for the early application of COS as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Hao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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7
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Zhang L, Zhang F, Xiao Y, Du J, Zhang X, Chen M, Wu B. The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα regulates CYP2E1 expression and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:633-643. [PMID: 36149338 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2128934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CYP2E1 plays an important role in drug metabolism and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Here, we aimed to investigate a potential role for the nuclear receptor REV-ERBα in regulation of CYP2E1 expression and acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, and to determine the underlying mechanisms.Regulatory effects of REV-ERBα on CYP2E1 expression were assessed in vivo (using Rev-erbα-/- mice) and in vitro (using AML12 and HepG2 cells). In vitro microsomal CYP2E1 activity was probed using its specific substrate p-nitrophenol. Pharmacokinetic and acute toxicities studies were performed with Rev-erbα-/- and wild-type mice after APAP administration.We found that Rev-erbα ablation led to decreases in hepatic CYP2E1 expression and activity in mice. In line with this, APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was attenuated in Rev-erbα-deficient mice. The attenuated toxicity was due to down-regulation of APAP metabolism mediated by CYP2E1, which was evidenced by a decrease in formation of the toxic intermediate metabolite NAPQI (i.e., reduced APAP-Cysteine and APAP-N-acetylcysteine levels). Furthermore, positive regulation of CYP2E1 expression by REV-ERBα was confirmed in both AML12 and HepG2 cells. Based on luciferase reporter assays, it was found that REV-ERBα regulated Cyp2e1 transcription and expression through repression of DEC2.In conclusion, REV-ERBα positively regulates CYP2E1 expression in mice, thereby affecting APAP metabolism and hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Xiao
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhao Du
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Sapidolide A alleviates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2016-2025. [PMID: 35022542 PMCID: PMC9343373 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI), a major cause of acute liver failure or even death. Sapidolide A (SA) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Baccaurea ramiflora Lour., a folk medicine used in China to treat inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated whether SA exerted protective effects on macrophages, thus alleviated the secondary hepatocyte damage in an AILI. We showed that SA (5-20 μM) suppressed the phosphorylated activation of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner, thereby inhibiting the expression and activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and pyroptosis in LPS/ATP-treated mouse bone marrow-derived primary macrophages (BMDMs). In human hepatic cell line L02 co-cultured with BMDMs, SA (10 μM) protected macrophages from the pyroptosis induced by APAP-damaged L02 cells. Moreover, SA treatment reduced the secondary liver cell damage aggravated by the conditioned medium (CM) taken from LPS/ATP-treated macrophages. The in vivo assessments conducted on mice pretreated with SA (25, 50 mg/kg, ip) then with a single dose of APAP (400 mg/kg, ip) showed that SA significantly alleviated inflammatory responses of AILI by inhibiting the expression and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In general, the results reported herein revealed that SA exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages, which suggests that SA has great a potential for use in the treatment of AILI patients.
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Hao W, Li K, Ge X, Yang H, Xu C, Liu S, Yu H, Li P, Xing R. The Effect of N-Acetylation on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chitooligosaccharides and Its Potential for Relieving Endotoxemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158205. [PMID: 35897781 PMCID: PMC9330575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia is mainly caused by a massive burst of inflammatory cytokines as a result of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) invasion. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) is expected to be a potential drug for relieving endotoxemia due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the structural parameters of COS are often ambiguous, and the effect of degree of acetylation (DA) of COS on its anti-inflammatory remains unknown. In this study, four COSs with different DAs (0%, 12%, 50% and 85%) and the same oligomers distribution were successfully obtained. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and MS analysis. Then, the effect of DA on the anti-inflammatory activity and relieving endotoxemia potential of COS was researched. The results revealed that COS with a DA of 12% had better anti-inflammatory activity than COSs with other DAs, mainly in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines burst, down-regulating its mRNA expression and reducing phosphorylation of IκBα. Furthermore, this COS showed an obviously protective effect on endotoxemia mice, such as inhibiting the increase in inflammatory cytokines and transaminases, alleviating the injury of liver and intestinal tissue. This study explored the effect of DA on the anti-inflammatory activity of COS for the first time and lays the foundation for the development of COS as an anti-inflammatory drug against endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Hao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (R.X.); Tel.: +86-0532-82898512 (K.L.); +86-0532-82898780 (R.X.)
| | - Xiangyun Ge
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Haoyue Yang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chaojie Xu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (H.Y.); (C.X.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (P.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (R.X.); Tel.: +86-0532-82898512 (K.L.); +86-0532-82898780 (R.X.)
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10
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Yang T, Wang H, Wang X, Li J, Jiang L. The Dual Role of Innate Immune Response in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071057. [PMID: 36101435 PMCID: PMC9312699 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP), a commonly used antipyretic analgesic, is becoming increasingly toxic to the liver, resulting in a high rate of acute hepatic failure in Europe and the United States. Excessive APAP metabolism in the liver develops an APAP-protein adduct, which causes oxidative stress, MPTP opening, and hepatic necrosis. HMGB-1, HSP, nDNA, mtDNA, uric acid, and ATP are DMAPs released during hepatic necrosis. DMAPs attach to TLR4-expressing immune cells such KCs, macrophages, and NK cells, activating them and causing them to secrete cytokines. Immune cells and their secreted cytokines have been demonstrated to have a dual function in acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI), with a role in either proinflammation or pro-regeneration, resulting in contradicting findings and some research confusion. Neutrophils, KCs, MoMFs, NK/NKT cells, γδT cells, DCs, and inflammasomes have pivotal roles in AILI. In this review, we summarize the dual role of innate immune cells involved in AILI and illustrate how these cells initiate innate immune responses that lead to persistent inflammation and liver damage. We also discuss the contradictory findings in the literature and possible protocols for better understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (T.Y.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, The Zhenjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (T.Y.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (T.Y.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (T.Y.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Longfeng Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; (T.Y.); (H.W.); (X.W.)
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11
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Dewanjee S, Dua TK, Paul P, Dey A, Vallamkondu J, Samanta S, Kandimalla R, De Feo V. Probiotics: Evolving as a Potential Therapeutic Option against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1498. [PMID: 35884803 PMCID: PMC9312935 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most common prescription medicine around the world for the treatment of pain and fever and is considered to be a safe drug at its therapeutic dose. However, a single overdose or frequent use of APAP can cause severe acute liver injury. APAP hepatotoxicity is a prevalent cause of acute liver disease around the world and the lack of suitable treatment makes it a serious problem. In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in using probiotics and probiotic-derived products, known as postbiotics, as health and disease negotiators. A growing body of evidence revealed that they can be equally effective against APAP hepatotoxicity. Different probiotic bacteria were found to be pre-clinically effective against APAP hepatotoxicity. Different postbiotics have also shown exciting results in preclinical models of APAP hepatotoxicity. This review summarized the protective roles and mechanisms of the different probiotic bacteria and postbiotics against APAP hepatotoxicity, with critical discussion. A brief discussion on potential novel probiotics and postbiotics for oxidative liver injury was also included. This review was written in an attempt to pique the interest of researchers in developing a safe therapeutic option against oxidative liver damage using probiotics and/or postbiotics as dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tarun K. Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734013, India; (T.K.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734013, India; (T.K.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India;
| | | | - Sonalinandini Samanta
- Department of Dermatology (Skin & Venereology), Employee’s State Insurance Corporation Medical College & Hospital, Patna 801103, India;
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal 506007, India;
- Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka 500007, India
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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12
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Wang J, Zhang L, Shi Q, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. Targeting innate immune responses to attenuate acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115142. [PMID: 35700755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is an important cause of acute liver failure, resulting in massive deaths in many developed countries. Currently, the metabolic process of APAP in the body has been well studied. However, the underlying mechanism of APAP-induced liver injury remains elusive. Increasing clinical and experimental evidences indicate that the innate immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of APAP-induced acute liver injury (AILI), in which immune cells have dual roles of inducing inflammation to exacerbate hepatotoxicity and removing dead cells and debris to help liver regeneration. In this review, we summarize the latest findings of innate immune cells involved in AILI, particularly emphasizing the activation of innate immune cells and their different roles during the injury and repair phases. Moreover, current available treatments are discussed according to the different roles of innate immune cells in the development of AILI. This review aims to update the knowledge about innate immune responses in the pathogenesis of AILI, and provide potential therapeutic interventions for AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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13
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:730-739. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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14
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Hefler J, Marfil-Garza BA, Pawlick RL, Freed DH, Karvellas CJ, Bigam DL, Shapiro AMJ. Preclinical models of acute liver failure: a comprehensive review. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12579. [PMID: 34966588 PMCID: PMC8667744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure is marked by the rapid deterioration of liver function in a previously well patient over period of days to weeks. Though relatively rare, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This makes it a challenging disease to study clinically, necessitating reliance on preclinical models as means to explore pathophysiology and novel therapies. Preclinical models of acute liver failure are artificial by nature, and generally fall into one of three categories: surgical, pharmacologic or immunogenic. This article reviews preclinical models of acute liver failure and considers their relevance in modeling clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hefler
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braulio A Marfil-Garza
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,National Institutes of Medical Sciences & Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.,CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub Excellence & Innovation Center, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Rena L Pawlick
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Constantine J Karvellas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David L Bigam
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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15
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Florenly F, Sugianto L, Lister INE, Girsang E, Ginting CN, Afifah E, Kusuma H, Rizal R, Widowati W. Protective Effect of Eugenol against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Necrotic Potency. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Overdoses acetaminophen (APAP) could cause acute liver failure, even though it used is for analgesics. APAP could cause hepatotoxicity due to multiple mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress. Eugenol has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity but its hepatoprotective effect has not been widely reported.
AIM: The purpose of this research is to know if eugenol could protect HepG2 cells from APAP.
METHODS: HepG2 that induced by APAP as hepatotoxicity cells model was treated by using eugenol at 6.25 and 25 μg/mL. The protective effects of eugenol toward hepatotoxicity were evaluated by determine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration, apoptotic activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, also cytochrome (CYP)2E1 and GPX gene expression.
RESULTS: Eugenol at 6.25 and 25 μg/mL concentration can reduce TNF-α concentration, the apoptotic, necrotic, dead cells, and ROS level. Besides it can increase the gene expression (GPX and CYP2E1). The best hepatoprotective effect was found when using the eugenol at 25 μg/mL.
CONCLUSION: Therefore, eugenol can be used to protect HepG2 cells against APAP.
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16
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Xiang J, Wang J, Xie H, Liu Y, Bai Y, Che Q, Cao H, Huang G, Guo J, Su Z. Protective effect and mechanism of chitooligosaccharides on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Food Funct 2021; 12:9979-9993. [PMID: 34494629 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Currently, drug-induced liver injury caused by acetaminophen (APAP) is the second leading cause of human liver transplantation. The only clinical antidote treatment for APAP-induced liver injury is N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), which has many side effects. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are processed from naturally occurring chitin through chemical desalting and deproteinization, biological enzymatic hydrolysis and other processes. In this study, we constructed in vitro and in vivo models of APAP-induced liver injury to study COS of two molecular weights (MWs), which are COST (MW ≤ 1000 Da) and COSM (MW ≤ 3000 Da). The results showed that COST and COSM can significantly reduce the levels of serum ALT and AST and liver MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and increase the levels and activity of GSH, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT. A mechanistic study found that COST and COSM can significantly reduce the expression of liver CYP2E1, Keap1, p-ASK1/ASK1, p-MKK4/MKK4, p-JNK/JNK, Caspase-3 and Bax and increase the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, eNOS, SOD and Bcl-XL. COST and COSM can inhibit toxic APAP metabolism, inhibit oxidative damage and the apoptosis pathway, increase activation of the liver antioxidant pathway, and ultimately ameliorate APAP-induced liver oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Xiang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hongyi Xie
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engneering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guidong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15#, Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 541001, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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17
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Zhang P, Liu S, Yang S, Wang Y, Jiang T, Yu M, Lv Z. Simultaneous determination of chito-oligosaccharides in rat plasma by the LC-MS/MS method: application to a pharmacokinetic study. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3242-3248. [PMID: 34184005 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) with degrees of polymerization (DPs) from 2 to 7 was developed and used for COS quantification in rat plasma. Samples were separated on a Waters XBridge Amide column (3.5 μm, 2.1 × 150 mm) by isometric elution with 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (pH = 9) in acetonitrile and 10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (pH = 9) (v/v, 50 : 50) employing multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection. Analytes and internal standards (IS) were extracted from rat plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 20-10 000 ng mL-1 for COS2-7. The intra-day and inter-day precision of the investigated components exhibited an RSD within 15%, and the accuracy (RE%) ranged from -7.3% to 7.6%. The extraction recoveries of the six constituents were determined to be between 82.5% and 94.3%. No significant matrix effects for COS2-7 were observed in rat plasma. COS in plasma remained stable for 24 h at room temperature (short-term), after freeze-thaw cycles, and 30 days in a -40 °C freezer. In comparison to reported COS quantitation methods, this method is simple, sensitive and cost-effective and could be used for the simultaneous quantitation of COS2-7. This method meets the Food and Drug Administration guidelines and had been successfully applied to the analysis of pharmacokinetic samples collected from rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingfu Jiang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China. and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhang Q, Li S, Cai L, Zhu Y, Duan X, Jiang P, Zhong L, Guo K, Tong R. Microenvironment Activatable Nanoprodrug Based on Gripper-like Cyclic Phenylboronic Acid to Precisely and Effectively Alleviate Drug-induced Hepatitis. Theranostics 2021; 11:8301-8321. [PMID: 34373743 PMCID: PMC8344015 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced hepatitis (DIH), which seriously interferes with disease treatment, is one of the most common reasons for termination of new drugs during preclinical studies or post-marketing surveillance. Although antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents are promising, their nonspecific distribution and insolubility limit their application. Therefore, precise drug release at the disease site is an important way to alleviate DIH and avoid side effects. Methods: A gripper-like hydrophilic cyclic phenylboronic acid (cPBA) was synthesized and a nanoprodrug (cPBA-BE) was established by coupling cPBA with hydrophobic baicalein (BE). The stimuli-responsive release properties and therapeutic effect of cPBA-BE on drug-injured hepatocyte were investigated. The biodistribution and therapeutic effect of cPBA-BE both in acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis model and rifampicin-induced chronic hepatitis model were further evaluated. Results: cPBA-BE conjugate could self-assemble into nanoprodrug with cPBA as the hydrophilic external layer and BE as the hydrophobic core. In HepaRG cells, cPBA-BE showed stronger cellular uptake. Due to the H2O2- and acid-sensitivity, cPBA-BE could achieve adequate BE release, significantly resist the depletion of GSH, mitochondrial dysfunction, downregulation of inflammation and cell apoptosis in the acetaminophen injured HepaRG cells. Biodistribution showed that cPBA-BE specifically increased the concentration of BE in the liver of DIH mice. cPBA-BE could alleviate acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis or rifampicin-induced chronic hepatitis more effectively through relieving the oxidative stress, inflammation and block the neutrophil infiltration in liver. Conclusions: cPBA is expected to be a good platform for constructing injectable nanoprodrug with both H2O2 and pH-responsive properties by coupling a wide range of drugs containing o-diol. In this study, the nanoprodrug cPBA-BE was determined to be effective for alleviating the DIH.
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N-Acetyl Cysteine Overdose Inducing Hepatic Steatosis and Systemic Inflammation in Both Propacetamol-Induced Hepatotoxic and Normal Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030442. [PMID: 33809388 PMCID: PMC8000488 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose induces acute liver damage and even death. The standard therapeutic dose of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) cannot be applied to every patient, especially those with high-dose APAP poisoning. There is insufficient evidence to prove that increasing NAC dose can treat patients who failed in standard treatment. This study explores the toxicity of NAC overdose in both APAP poisoning and normal mice. Two inbred mouse strains with different sensitivities to propacetamol-induced hepatotoxicity (PIH) were treated with different NAC doses. NAC therapy decreased PIH by reducing lipid oxidation, protein nitration and inflammation, and increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and antioxidative enzyme activities. However, the therapeutic effects of NAC on PIH were dose-dependent from 125 (N125) to 275 mg/kg (N275). Elevated doses of NAC (400 and 800 mg/kg, N400 and N800) caused additional deaths in both propacetamol-treated and normal mice. N800 treatments significantly decreased hepatic GSH levels and induced inflammatory cytokines and hepatic microvesicular steatosis in both propacetamol-treated and normal mice. Furthermore, both N275 and N400 treatments decreased serum triglyceride (TG) and induced hepatic TG, whereas N800 treatment significantly increased interleukin-6, hepatic TG, and total cholesterol levels. In conclusion, NAC overdose induces hepatic and systemic inflammations and interferes with fatty acid metabolism.
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Hepatotoxicity prevention in Acetaminophen-induced HepG2 cells by red betel ( Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav) extract from Indonesia via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-necrotic. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05620. [PMID: 33474504 PMCID: PMC7803640 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic, but it may cause liver injury (hepatotoxicity) via oxidative stress that induced by N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) in long term usage or overdose. Multiple inflammatory mediators were also found to contribute for this effect. Many medicinal plants was known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and one of them is Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav) from Indonesia. In this study, the red betel leaves extract (RBLE) protective effect against APAP-induced HepG2 cells was determined. APAP-induced HepG2 as hepatotoxicity cell model was treated with RBLE at 25 and 100 μg/mL. Protective effects of RBLE toward hepatotoxicity were evaluated by several parameters: tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, live cells percentage, apoptotic cells percentage, necrotic cells percentage, death cells percentage, CYP2E1 and GPX gene expression. The RBLE treatments (both 25 and 100 μg/mL) increased CYP2E1 and GPX gene expression also live cells percentage, while decreased ROS level, TNF-α concentration, also the percentage of death and necrotic cells. Red Betel leaves ethanol extract has hepatoprotective effect via anti-inflammatory, anti-necrotic, and antioxidant potency in liver injury model.
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21
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Rao T, Liu YT, Zeng XC, Li CP, Ou-Yang DS. The hepatotoxicity of Polygonum multiflorum: The emerging role of the immune-mediated liver injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:27-35. [PMID: 32123300 PMCID: PMC7921551 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal and dietary supplements (HDS)-induced liver injury has been a great concern all over the world. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, is recently drawn increasing attention because of its hepatotoxicity. According to the clinical and experimental studies, P. multiflorum-induced liver injury (PM-DILI) is considered to be immune-mediated idiosyncratic liver injury, but the role of immune response and the underlying mechanisms are not completely elucidated. Previous studies focused on the direct toxicity of PM-DILI by using animal models with intrinsic drug-induced liver injury (DILI). However, most epidemiological and clinical evidence demonstrate that PM-DILI is immune-mediated idiosyncratic liver injury. The aim of this review is to assess current epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence about the possible role of innate and adaptive immunity in the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of P. multiflorum. The potential effects of factors associated with immune tolerance, including immune checkpoint molecules and regulatory immune cells on the individual's susceptibility to PM-DILI are also discussed. We conclude by giving our hypothesis of possible immune mechanisms of PM-DILI and providing suggestions for future studies on valuable biomarkers identification and proper immune models establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Rao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Ya-Ting Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiang-Chang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chao-Peng Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Ou-Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha, 410205, China.
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22
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Zou J, Wang SP, Wang YT, Wan JB. Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome with natural products against chemical-induced liver injury. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105388. [PMID: 33359314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed significant progress in understanding the process of sterile inflammation, which is dependent on a cytosolic complex termed the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome requires two steps, including the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) by its ligands, resulting in transcriptional procytokine and inflammasome component activation, and the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome triggered by various danger signals, leading to caspase-1 activation, which could subsequently cleave procytokines into their active forms. Metabolic disorders, ischemia and reperfusion, viral infection and chemical insults are common pathogenic factors of liver-related diseases that usually cause tissue damage and cell death, providing numerous danger signals for the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Currently, natural products have attracted much attention as potential agents for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases due to their multitargets and nontoxic natures. A great number of natural products have been shown to exhibit beneficial effects on liver injury induced by various chemicals through regulating NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. In this review, the roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in chemical-induced liver injury (CILI) and natural products that exhibit beneficial effects in CILI through the regulation of inflammasomes were systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.
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23
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Li C, Hu Y, Nie Q, Chen S, Li G, Li L, Chen S, Tang B, Zhang J. A reactive oxygen species-responsive antioxidant nanotherapy for the treatment of drug-induced tissue and organ injury. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:7117-7131. [PMID: 33211787 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced tissue injury has become a growing public health problem. Gastrointestinal injury and liver dysfunction are the most common side effects related to drug therapies, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in recent years. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critically involved in the pathogenesis of drug-induced tissue injury. Consequently, antioxidant therapy represents a very promising strategy for the treatment of drug-induced tissue injury. Herein, a multifunctional antioxidant nanotherapy (TON) is engineered from a cyclodextrin-derived ROS-responsive material and a radical scavenger tempol, and is capable of eliminating a broad spectrum of ROS. After oral administration, TON can passively accumulate in the inflamed gastrointestinal tissues in mice with indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal injury. Correspondingly, TON shows superior efficacy in two representative murine models of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal injury and acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury via attenuating oxidative stress and mitigating inflammatory responses. Additionally, preliminary in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate the good safety profile of TON. Consequently, the ROS-responsive antioxidant nanotherapy TON is promising for the treatment of drug-induced tissue and organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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Dandelion polyphenols protect against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:103-113. [PMID: 32172946 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the liver protective activity of dandelion polyphenols (DP) against acetaminophen (APAP; Paracetamol)-induced hepatotoxicity. Mice were acclimated for 1 week and randomly divided into the following groups (n = 9 per group): Control, APAP, APAP + DP (100 mg·kg-1), APAP + DP (200 mg·kg-1), and APAP + DP (400 mg·kg-1) groups. Mice were pretreated with DP (100, 200, and 400 mg·kg-1) by oral gavage for 7 d before being treated with 350 mg·kg-1 APAP for 24 h to induced hepatotoxicity. Severe liver injury was observed, and hepatotoxicity was analyzed after 24 h by evaluation of biochemical markers, protein expressions levels, and liver histopathology. Pretreatment with DP was able to restore serum liver characteristics (aspartate transaminase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; alkaline phosphatase, AKP), improve redox imbalance (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione, GSH; malondialdehyde, MDA), and decrease inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α; interleukin-1β, IL-1β). Pretreatment with DP also significantly inhibited the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, DP pretreatment could inhibit the apoptosis of liver cells caused by APAP through up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax and caspase-9 protein. DP also down-regulated p-JNK protein expression levels to inhibit APAP-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and up-regulated the expression of Nrf-2 and its target gene HO-1. The histopathological staining demonstrated that DP pretreatment could inhibit APAP-induced hepatocyte infiltration, congestion, and necrosis. Our results demonstrate that DP pretreatment could protect against APAP-induced hepatic injury by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
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25
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Al Mamun A, Akter A, Hossain S, Sarker T, Safa SA, Mustafa QG, Muhammad SA, Munir F. Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in liver disease. J Dig Dis 2020; 21:430-436. [PMID: 32585073 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes have become an important natural sensor of host immunity, and can protect various organs against pathogenic infections, metabolic syndromes, cellular stress and cancer metastasis. Inflammasomes are intracellular multi-protein complexes found in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, stimulating the initiation of caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in response to cell danger signals. Inflammasomes induce cell death mechanisms. The potential role of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis, nanoparticle-induced liver injury and other liver diseases has recently attracted widespread attention from clinicians and researchers. In this review we summarize the role played by the NLRP3 inflammasome in molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms in the pathogenesis and progression of liver disease. This article aims to establish that targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and other inflammasome components may make a significant therapeutic approach to the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Afroza Akter
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sukria Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Quazi G Mustafa
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Syed A Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Munir
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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26
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Antidiabetic Effects of Arginyl-Fructosyl-Glucose, a Nonsaponin Fraction from Ginseng Processing in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice through Regulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β and Bcl-2/Bax Signaling Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3707904. [PMID: 32714403 PMCID: PMC7352147 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3707904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) caused insulin secretion disorder and hyperglycemia, further causing tissue and organ damage. In recent years, studies on ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) and its saponins (Ginsenosides) have proved to possess antidiabetic pharmacological activities, but the mechanism of nonsaponins on STZ-induced T2DM is still unclear. Arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG) is a representative nonsaponin component produced in the processing of red ginseng. The present study was designed to assess the possible healing consequence of AFG on STZ-induced T2DM in mice and also to explore its fundamental molecular contrivances. T2DM-related indexes, fasting blood glucose levels, and body weight, histological changes, biochemical considerations, biomarkers, the mRNA countenance intensities of inflammatory facts, and variations in correlated protein manifestation in adipose tissue and liver tissue were calculated. Consequences specified that AFG usage successfully amends STZ-induced insulin conflict and liver grievance in T2DM. Systematically, AFG action diminished STZ-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the liver. In addition, we demonstrated that AFG also attenuates apoptosis and insulin secretion disorders in T2DM by adjusting the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. At the end, these discoveries recommend that AFG averts the development of T2DM through numerous types of machinery and proposes that AFG can also be used in order to treat T2DM in the future.
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27
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Shu G, Qiu Y, Hao J, Fu Q, Deng X. γ-Oryzanol alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury: roles of modulating AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 10:6858-6872. [PMID: 31584590 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01808e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a major cause of drug-induced liver injury worldwide. Our current study was performed to assess the potential protective effects of γ-oryzanol (ORY) on APAP-induced liver injury in mice and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. We unveiled that ORY alleviated the APAP-induced death of HL-7702 hepatocytes in vitro and liver injury in mice. Moreover, ORY promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, increased the expressions of Nrf2-downstream antioxidative enzymes, including HO-1, NQO1, GCLC, and GCLM, and thereby restrained APAP-induced oxidative stress in hepatocytes. Moreover, ORY modulated the AMPK/GSK3β axis that acts upstream of Nrf2 in hepatocytes. Compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, prevented the ORY-mediated activation of Nrf2 and protection against APAP toxicity in HL-7702 hepatocytes. Additionally, in the liver of mice receiving APAP, ORY suppressed the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit, downregulated the expressions of iNOS and COX-2, and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO. Taken together, our findings revealed that ORY is capable of ameliorating APAP-induced liver injury. The modulation of AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways is implicated in the hepatoprotective activity of ORY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
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28
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Huang S, Zhou C, Zeng T, Li Y, Lai Y, Mo C, Chen Y, Huang S, Lv Z, Gao L. P-Hydroxyacetophenone Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Steatosis and Oxidative Stress via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Zebrafish and Hepatocytes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1594. [PMID: 32047433 PMCID: PMC6997130 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is recognized as an important health problem worldwide, is a direct consequence of alcohol consumption, which can induce alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. P-Hydroxyacetophenone (p-HAP) is mainly used as a choleretic and hepatoprotective compound and has anti-hepatitis B, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, no experimental report has focused on p-HAP in ALD, and the effect and mechanism of p-HAP in ALD remain unknown. In addition, there is no research on p-HAP in the treatment of ALD. The potential molecular mechanisms of p-HAP against acute alcoholic liver injury remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether p-HAP alleviates ALD and to clarify the potential molecular mechanisms. Zebrafish larvae were soaked in 350 mmol/l ethanol for 32 h at 4 days post fertilization (dpf) and then treated with p-HAP for 48 h. We chose various outcome measures, such as liver histomorphological changes, antioxidation and antiapoptosis capability and expression of inflammation-related proteins, to elucidate the essential mechanism of p-HAP in the treatment of alcohol-induced liver damage. Subsequently, we applied pathological hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Nile red staining and oil red O staining to detect the histomorphological and lipid changes in liver tissues. We also used TUNEL staining, immunochemistry and Western blot analysis to reveal the changes in apoptosis- and inflammation-related proteins. In particular, we used a variety of fluorescent probes to detect the antioxidant capacity of p-HAP in live zebrafish larvae in vivo. In addition, we discovered that p-HAP treatment relieved alcoholic hepatic steatosis in a dose-dependent manner and that the 50 μM dose had the best therapeutic effect. Generally, this research indicated that p-HAP might reduce oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuying Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Lai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Liu X, Chen C, Zhang X. Drug-drug interaction of acetaminophen and roxithromycin with the cocktail of cytochrome P450 and hepatotoxicity in rats. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:414-421. [PMID: 32132876 PMCID: PMC7053348 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.38527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) and roxithromycin (ROX) are often used in combination in clinical practice. To evaluate their drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and the hepatotoxicity of co-administration, rats were randomly separated into four groups: Control, APAP (50 mg/kg), ROX (5.5 mg/kg) and APAP-ROX (50 mg/kg and 5.5 mg/kg, respectively). The pharmacokinetic parameters between APAP and ROX were assayed by HPLC, and a cocktail method was used to evaluate the activities of cytochrome (CYP) 450. The liver microsome CYP2E1 protein was detected using Western blot. The levels of plasma parameters, mRNA levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, INF-γ, VCAM-1, CXCL-1 and STAT-3) and antioxidant factors (Nrf-2, GSTA, GCLC-1, HO-1 and NQO1) were determined using real-time PCR, along with the observation on histopathological changes in the liver tissue. APAP and ROX co-treatment significantly increased CYP2E1 activity, decreased CYP2D6 activity and prolonged APAP and ROX clearance. Co-treatment increased mRNA expressions of TNF-α, NQO1 and MDA while decreasing GPX and SOD levels. Histopathological evidence showed the changes of liver tissues in terms of structure, size and tight arrangement. This study confirmed that a combination of APAP and ROX inhibited APAP metabolism and that the peak concentration of ROX was delayed. The resulting high level of CYP2E1 may induce oxidative stress and cause liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, P.R. China.,Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology University of Minho, Department of Biology, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
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Wang B, Gao X, Liu B, Li Y, Bai M, Zhang Z, Xu E, Xiong Z, Hu Y. Protective effects of curcumin against chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice through modulating mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Food Nutr Res 2019; 63:3567. [PMID: 31762728 PMCID: PMC6852329 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v63.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Curcumin is a major active ingredient extracted from powdered dry rhizome of Curcuma longa. In Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, it has been used as a hepatoprotective agent for centuries. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Objective The present study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin in chronic alcohol-induced liver injury and explore its mechanism. Design Alcohol-exposed Balb/c mice were treated with curcumin (75 and 150 mg/kg) once per day for 8 weeks. Tissue from individual was fixed with formaldehyde for pathological examination. The activities of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, Na+/k+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase, were determined. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening was also determined. The expression of PGC-1α, NRF1, Mn-SOD, GRP78, PERK, IRE1α, nuclear NF-κB, and phosphorylated IκBα was quantified by western blot. The contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the liver were measured using the ELISA method. Results Curcumin significantly promoted hepatic mitochondrial function by reducing the opening of MPTP, thus increasing the MMP, promoting the activity of Na+/k+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase, and attenuating oxidative stress. Curcumin upregulated the expression of PGC-1α, NRF1, and Mn-SOD, and downregulated the expression of GRP78, PERK, and IRE1α in hepatic tissue. Curcumin also attenuated inflammation by inhibiting the IκBα–NF-κB pathway, which reduced the production of TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6. Conclusion Curcumin attenuates alcohol-induced liver injury via improving mitochondrial function and attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation. This study provides strong evidence for the beneficial effects of curcumin in the treatment of chronic alcohol-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Wang
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Gao
- Basic Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoguang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Li
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erping Xu
- Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae of Henan Province, Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang'e Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunlian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Shi C, Hao B, Yang Y, Muhammad I, Zhang Y, Chang Y, Li Y, Li C, Li R, Liu F. JNK Signaling Pathway Mediates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity Accompanied by Changes of Glutathione S-Transferase A1 Content and Expression. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1092. [PMID: 31620005 PMCID: PMC6763582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is an analgesic-antipyretic drug and widely used in clinics. Its overdose may cause serious liver damage. Here, we examined the mechanistic role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in liver injury induced by different doses of APAP. Male mice were treated with APAP (150 and 175 mg·kg-1), and meanwhile JNK inhibitor SP600125 was used to interfere APAP-induced liver damage. The results showed that JNK signaling pathway was activated by APAP in a dose-dependent manner. C-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor decreased JNK and c-Jun activation significantly (P < 0.01) at 175 mg·kg-1 APAP dose, and phosphorylation levels of upstream proteins of JNK were also decreased markedly (P < 0.05). In addition, serum aminotransferases activities and hepatic oxidative stress increased in a dose-dependent manner with APAP treatment, but the levels of aminotransferases and oxidative stress decreased in mice treated with JNK inhibitor, which implied that JNK inhibition ameliorated APAP-induced liver damage. It was observed that apoptosis was increased in APAP-induced liver injury, and SP600125 can attenuate apoptosis through the inhibition of JNK phosphorylation. Meanwhile, glutathione S-transferases A1 (GSTA1) content in serum was enhanced, while GSTA1 content and expression in liver reduced significantly with administration of APAP (150 and 175 mg·kg-1). After inhibiting JNK, GSTA1 content in serum decreased significantly (P < 0.01); meanwhile, GSTA1 content and expression in liver enhanced. These findings suggested that JNK signaling pathway mediated APAP-induced hepatic injury, which was accompanied by varying GSTA1 content and expression in liver and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Beili Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yicong Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Changwen Li
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Fangping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
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32
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Yang S, Kuang G, Jiang R, Wu S, Zeng T, Wang Y, Xu F, Xiong L, Gong X, Wan J. Geniposide protected hepatocytes from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by down-regulating CYP 2E1 expression and inhibiting TLR 4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Qu L, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhu C, Ma P, Deng J, Fan D. Protective effects of ginsenoside Rk3 against chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 126:277-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xu XY, Wang Z, Ren S, Leng J, Hu JN, Liu Z, Chen C, Li W. Improved protective effects of American ginseng berry against acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity through TNF-α-mediated caspase-3/-8/-9 signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:128-138. [PMID: 30466610 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Similar to the leaves of P. Quinquefolius, American ginseng berry (AGB) is another important part of P. Quinquefolius with alternative therapeutic potential. The liver protection capabilities of the former have been demonstrated previously, however, the later has not yet been evaluated. PURPOSE Based on our previous observation, the present work was designed to evaluate the hepatic protective effects for novel mechanisms of AGB in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in vivo. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS All mice were divided into four groups as follows: normal group, APAP group and APAP + AGB (150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) groups. AGB were orally administered for one week before exposure to APAP (250 mg/kg). Severe liver injury was observed and hepatotoxicity was evaluated after 24 h through evaluating the biochemical markers, protein expressions levels and liver histopathology. RESULTS Our study results clearly demonstrated that AGB pretreatment ameliorated APAP-induced hepatic injury as evidenced by decreasing plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to the APAP group. Western blotting analysis showed that pretreatment with AGB decreased the expressions levels of TNF-α and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB p65) in liver tissues. Meanwhile, the protein expression levels of caspases, cytochrome c, and Bax were elevated by AGB treatment for seven days, while the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was inhibited comparison with that in APAP group. Furthermore, supplement of AGB resulted in increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), while decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1). The results of histopathological staining demonstrated that AGB pretreatment inhibited APAP-induced hepatocyte infiltration, congestion, and necrosis. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that AGB pretreatment protected liver cells against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation responses via TNF-α-mediated caspase-3/-8/-9 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yue Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shen Ren
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Leng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, China.
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35
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Ruyani A, Sinta BD, Emilia, Zulfikar, Anansyah F, Putri SR, Sundaryono A. Preliminary studies on therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract of Tylophora villosa leaves against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:285-296. [PMID: 31453124 PMCID: PMC6702138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract of Tylophora villosa leaves (E2TL) against paracetamol (PC)-induced hepatotoxicity (PCIH) in mice (Mus musculus). PCIH were generated using daily 250 mg/kg body weight (bw) PC administration by gavage for seven days, and then daily 27.5; 55.0; 82.5; 110.0; or 220.0 mg/kg bw E2TL were treated by gavage for seven or fourteen days. Meanwhile, the controls were given solvent only in the same manner. Mortality, blood glucose, and condition (color, weight, volume) of the livers were observed on day 15 (D15). Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SG0T) were examined on D15, D22, and D30, and then malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined on D15. Results of this study revealed that on D15, the dosage of 110.0 mg/kg bw E2TL most effectively decreased MDA due to PCIH, from 6.78 ± 1.70 μmol/L to 3.45 ± 0.43 μmol/L, approaching the control condition (2.45 ± 0.05 μmol/L). PC administration was really toxic dosage and caused 13.3 % mortality. Blood glucose, weight, and volume of the liver decreased as the effect of PC administration, and then 220.0 mg/kg bw E2TL treatment could recover the condition as well as the controls. Color of the liver indicated a similar recovery by E2TL treatment. SGPT and SG0T increased significantly by PC administration, and this PCIH facts could be recovered gradually near the controls according to the dosages (55.0; 110.0; or 220.0 mg/kg bw) and duration (seven or fourteen days) of E2TL treatment. It could be concluded that E2TL showed therapeutic effect against PCIH in M. musculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aceng Ruyani
- Department of Biology Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia.,Graduate School of Science Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Barbara Desbi Sinta
- Graduate School of Science Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Emilia
- Graduate School of Science Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Zulfikar
- Graduate School of Science Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Fiqih Anansyah
- Department of Medicine, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Sylvia Rianissa Putri
- Department of Medicine, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
| | - Agus Sundaryono
- Department of Chemistry Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia.,Graduate School of Science Education, Bengkulu University, Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371, Indonesia
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Zhao Z, Wei Q, Hua W, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhu Y. Hepatoprotective effects of berberine on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1319-1326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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37
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Roy S, Bantel H, Wandrer F, Schneider AT, Gautheron J, Vucur M, Tacke F, Trautwein C, Luedde T, Roderburg C. miR-1224 inhibits cell proliferation in acute liver failure by targeting the antiapoptotic gene Nfib. J Hepatol 2017. [PMID: 28645739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patient outcome in acute liver failure (ALF) is crucially determined by the appropriate balance between cell death and compensatory cell proliferation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) - small non-coding RNAs that function as guide molecules in RNA silencing - have evolved as crucial mediators of nearly all developmental and pathological processes, including the physiology and pathology of the liver. We investigated the role of miR-1224 during ALF. METHODS We measured miR-1224 in livers of mice in various acute liver disease murine models and in, patients with ALF, using quantitative real-time PCR. We studied the regulation of miR-1224 in AML12 cells and primary hepatocytes upon H2O2 stimulation. Cell proliferation and cell death were analysed by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase nick end labelling stainings, respectively. RESULTS We found that miR-1224 was up-regulated in hepatocytes upon ischaemia-reperfusion in vivo and in vitro. This was accompanied by impaired proliferation and elevated apoptosis. This function of miR-1224 was mediated by repressing the anti-apoptotic gene Nfib in hepatocytes. Strikingly, miR-1224 was also up-regulated in human livers and the serum of patients with ALF and indicated an unfavourable prognosis with an excellent prognostic value compared to other known serum markers in this clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS miR-1224 is a previously unrecognised regulator of proliferation after ALF in hepatocytes and represents a novel and specific biomarker of liver injury with prognostic value in ALF. Thus, miR-1224 may represent a target for novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in the context of ALF and warrants further testing as a biomarker in prospective trials. Lay summary: In acute liver failure, miR-1224 expression is modulated by oxidative stress. This leads to a decrease in hepatocyte cell proliferation and increase in apoptosis. Increased serum levels of miR-1224 could be a useful diagnostic marker in patients with acute liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Roy
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska Wandrer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Theres Schneider
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jeremie Gautheron
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Medicine III, University of Aachen (RWTH), Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Wang Z, Hu JN, Yan MH, Xing JJ, Liu WC, Li W. Caspase-Mediated Anti-Apoptotic Effect of Ginsenoside Rg5, a Main Rare Ginsenoside, on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9226-9236. [PMID: 28965396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Frequent overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most common and important incentives of acute hepatotoxicity. Prior to this work, our research group confirmed that black ginseng (Panax ginseng, BG) showed powerful protective effects on APAP-induced ALI. However, it is not clear which kind of individual ginsenoside from BG plays such a liver protection effect. The objective of the current investigation was to evaluate whether ginsenoside Rg5 (G-Rg5) protected against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and the involved action mechanisms. Mice were administrated with G-Rg5 at two dosages of 10 or 20 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days. After the last treatment, all of the animals that received a single intraperitoneal injection of APAP (250 mg/kg) showed severe liver toxicity after 24 h, and the liver protection effects of G-Rg5 were examined. The results clearly indicated that pretreatment with G-Rg5 remarkably inhibited the production of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared with the APAP group. Meanwhile, G-Rg5 decreased the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the protein expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) in the liver tissues. G-Rg5 decreased APAP caused the hepatic overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, analysis of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting also indicated that G-Rg5 pretreatment inhibited activation of apoptotic pathways mainly via increasing the expression of Bcl-2 protein, decreasing the expression of Bax protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. Liver histopathological observation provided further evidence that pretreatment with G-Rg5 could significantly inhibit hepatocyte necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and apoptosis caused by APAP. In conclusion, the present study clearly demonstrates that G-Rg5 exerts a liver protection effect against APAP-induced acute hepatotoxicity mainly via a caspase-mediated anti-apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Meng-Han Yan
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xing
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wen-Cong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
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Hu JN, Xu XY, Li W, Wang YM, Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang YP. Ginsenoside Rk1 ameliorates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrative stress and apoptosis. J Ginseng Res 2017; 43:10-19. [PMID: 30662289 PMCID: PMC6323149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frequent overdose of paracetamol (APAP) has become the major cause of acute liver injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effects of ginsenoside Rk1 on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and investigate the underlying mechanisms for the first time. Methods Mice were treated with Rk1 (10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg) by oral gavage once per d for 7 d. On the 7th d, all mice treated with 250 mg/kg APAP exhibited severe liver injury after 24 h, and hepatotoxicity was assessed. Results Our results showed that pretreatment with Rk1 significantly decreased the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1β compared with the APAP group. Meanwhile, hepatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were elevated compared with the APAP group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde was observed in the ginsenoside Rk1-treated group compared with the APAP group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of cytochrome P450 E1 and 4-hydroxynonenal levels in liver tissues. Moreover, ginsenoside Rk1 supplementation suppressed activation of apoptotic pathways by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax protein expression levels, which was shown using western blotting analysis. Histopathological observation also revealed that ginsenoside Rk1 pretreatment significantly reversed APAP-induced necrosis and inflammatory infiltration in liver tissues. Biological indicators of nitrative stress, such as 3-nitrotyrosine, were also inhibited after pretreatment with Rk1 compared with the APAP group. Conclusion The results clearly suggest that the underlying molecular mechanisms in the hepatoprotection of ginsenoside Rk1 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its antioxidation, antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, and antinitrative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing-Yue Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plant, CAAS, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plant, CAAS, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
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Xu XY, Hu JN, Liu Z, Zhang R, He YF, Hou W, Wang ZQ, Yang G, Li W. Saponins (Ginsenosides) from the Leaves of Panax quinquefolius Ameliorated Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3684-3692. [PMID: 28429935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the most common inducements of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in the world. The main purpose of this paper was to investigate the liver protection activity of saponins (ginsenosides) from the leaves of Panax quinquefolius (PQS) against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, and the involved mechanisms were demonstrated for the first time. Mice were pretreated with PQS (150 and 300 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 7 days before being treated with 250 mg/kg APAP. Severe liver injury was exerted at 24 h post-APAP, and hepatotoxicity was assessed. Our results showed that pretreatment with PQS significantly decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the APAP administration. Meanwhile, compared with that in the APAP group, PQS decreased hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression and restored reduced glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in livers of mice. PQS inhibited the overexpression of pro-inflammatory factors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the liver tissues. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis revealed that PQS pretreatment inhibited the activation of apoptotic signaling pathways via increase of Bcl-2 and decrease of Bax and caspase-3 protein expression levels. Liver histopathological observation provided further evidence that PQS pretreatment significantly inhibited APAP-induced hepatocyte necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and congestion. Biological indicators of nitrative stress such as 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) were inhibited after PQS pretreatment, compared to the APAP group. The present study clearly demonstrates that PQS exerts a protective effect against APAP-induced hepatic injury because of its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The findings from the present investigation show that PQS might be a promising candidate treatment agent against drug-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yue Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, CAAS , Changchun 132109, China
| | - Yu-Fang He
- Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, CAAS , Changchun 132109, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, CAAS , Changchun 132109, China
| | - Ge Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China
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Kalani N, Sanie MS, Zabetian H, Radmehr M, Sahraei R, Kargar Jahromi H, Zare Marzouni H. Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of Paracetamol and Magnesium Sulfate during Surgeries. World J Plast Surg 2016; 5:280-286. [PMID: 27853692 PMCID: PMC5109390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New drugs are increasingly used to induce analgesia during surgeries. This study compared the analgesic effects of paracetamol and magnesium sulfate. METHODS Sixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II patients who were candidates for surgery of the lower limbs were randomly divided into three equal groups who were age and gender matched. Group 1 received paracetamol, and group 2, the magnesium sulfate during surgery and group 3 as the control. Pain intensities were measured and recorded using the Visual Analog Scale before surgery, in the recovery room, and 6, 12, and 18 hours after surgery. RESULTS Pain intensities (7.10, 5.80, and 4.10) were higher in the control group; 6, 12, and 18 hours after surgery compared to the paracetamol (6.45, 4.15, 2.50) and the magnesium groups (7.25, 4.55, and 2.05), but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Paracetamol and magnesium sulfate were shown to have postoperative analgesic effects and reduce the quantity of narcotic use after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Kalani
- Medical Ethic Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran;,Department of Anaesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Sanie
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran;,Research Center For Social Determinants Of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Mohammad Sadegh Sanie, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. Tel: 98-917-700-2599 ,
| | - Hasan Zabetian
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Radmehr
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Reza Sahraei
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Zare Marzouni
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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