1
|
Wu YN, Lu JY, Li S, Zhang Y. Are vacuolar dynamics crucial factors for plant cell division and differentiation? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112090. [PMID: 38636812 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Vacuoles are the largest membrane-bound organelles in plant cells, critical for development and environmental responses. Vacuolar dynamics indicate reversible changes of vacuoles in morphology, size, or numbers. In this review, we summarize current understandings of vacuolar dynamics in different types of plant cells, biological processes associated with vacuolar dynamics, and regulators controlling vacuolar dynamics. Specifically, we point out the possibility that vacuolar dynamics play key roles in cell division and differentiation, which are controlled by the nucleus. Finally, we propose three routes through which vacuolar dynamics actively participate in nucleus-controlled cellular activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Yu Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhuang X, Li R, Jiang L. A century journey of organelles research in the plant endomembrane system. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1312-1333. [PMID: 38226685 PMCID: PMC11062446 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
We are entering an exciting century in the study of the plant organelles in the endomembrane system. Over the past century, especially within the past 50 years, tremendous advancements have been made in the complex plant cell to generate a much clearer and informative picture of plant organelles, including the molecular/morphological features, dynamic/spatial behavior, and physiological functions. Importantly, all these discoveries and achievements in the identification and characterization of organelles in the endomembrane system would not have been possible without: (1) the innovations and timely applications of various state-of-art cell biology tools and technologies for organelle biology research; (2) the continuous efforts in developing and characterizing new organelle markers by the plant biology community; and (3) the landmark studies on the identification and characterization of the elusive organelles. While molecular aspects and results for individual organelles have been extensively reviewed, the development of the techniques for organelle research in plant cell biology is less appreciated. As one of the ASPB Centennial Reviews on "organelle biology," here we aim to take a journey across a century of organelle biology research in plants by highlighting the important tools (or landmark technologies) and key scientists that contributed to visualize organelles. We then highlight the landmark studies leading to the identification and characterization of individual organelles in the plant endomembrane systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hosokawa C, Yagi H, Segami S, Nagano AJ, Koumoto Y, Tamura K, Oka Y, Matsushita T, Shimada T. The Arabidopsis katamari2 Mutant Exhibits a Hypersensitive Seedling Arrest Response at the Phase Transition from Heterotrophic to Autotrophic Growth. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:350-361. [PMID: 38175914 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Young seedlings use nutrients stored in the seeds to grow and acquire photosynthetic potential. This process, called seedling establishment, involves a developmental phase transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth. Some membrane-trafficking mutants of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), such as the katamari2 (kam2) mutant, exhibit growth arrest during seedling development, with a portion of individuals failing to develop true leaves on sucrose-free solid medium. However, the reason for this seedling arrest is unclear. In this study, we show that seedling arrest is a temporal growth arrest response that occurs not only in kam2 but also in wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis; however, the threshold for this response is lower in kam2 than in the WT. A subset of the arrested kam2 seedlings resumed growth after transfer to fresh sucrose-free medium. Growth arrest in kam2 on sucrose-free medium was restored by increasing the gel concentration of the medium or covering the surface of the medium with a perforated plastic sheet. WT Arabidopsis seedlings were also arrested when the gel concentration of sucrose-free medium was reduced. RNA sequencing revealed that transcriptomic changes associated with the rate of seedling establishment were observed as early as 4 d after sowing. Our results suggest that the growth arrest of both kam2 and WT seedlings is an adaptive stress response and is not simply caused by the lack of a carbon source in the medium. This study provides a new perspective on an environmental stress response under unfavorable conditions during the phase transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chika Hosokawa
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hiroki Yagi
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501 Japan
| | - Shoji Segami
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Atsushi J Nagano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu, 520-2194 Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, 997-0017 Japan
| | - Yasuko Koumoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kentaro Tamura
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Yoshito Oka
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | | | - Tomoo Shimada
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang C, Chen L, Hou S. The emerging roles of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plant development and stress responses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 295:154189. [PMID: 38432037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a highly conserved pathway that plays a crucial role in the endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins in eukaryotic cells. The pathway is initiated when the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP2) and TPLATE complex (TPC) work together to recognize cargo proteins and recruit clathrin. This review provides a concise overview of the functions of each subunit of AP2 and TPC, and highlights the involvement of CME in various biological processes, such as pollen development, root development, nutrient transport, extracellular signal transduction, auxin polar transport, hyperosmotic stress, salinity stress, high ammonium stress, and disease resistance. Additionally, the review explores the regulation of CME by phytohormones, clathrin-mediated exocytosis (CMX), and AP2M phosphorylation. It also suggests potential future research directions for CME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Editing for Breeding, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gene Editing for Breeding, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Suiwen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Gene Editing for Breeding, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan T, Liu Y, Hu X, Li P, Lin C, Tang Y, Tang W, Liu Y, Guo L, Kim C, Fang J, Lin H, Wu Z, Blumwald E, Wang S. Stress-induced endocytosis from chloroplast inner envelope membrane is mediated by CHLOROPLAST VESICULATION but inhibited by GAPC. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113208. [PMID: 37792531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated vesicular formation and trafficking are responsible for molecular cargo transport and signal transduction among organelles. Our previous study shows that CHLOROPLAST VESICULATION (CV)-containing vesicles (CVVs) are generated from chloroplasts for chloroplast degradation under abiotic stress. Here, we show that CV interacts with the clathrin heavy chain (CHC) and induces vesicle budding toward the cytosol from the chloroplast inner envelope membrane. In the defective mutants of CHC2 and the dynamin-encoding DRP1A, CVV budding and releasing from chloroplast are impeded. The mutations of CHC2 inhibit CV-induced chloroplast degradation and hypersensitivity to water stress. Moreover, CV-CHC2 interaction is impaired by the oxidized GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (GAPC). GAPC1 overexpression suppresses CV-mediated chloroplast degradation and hypersensitivity to water stress, while CV silencing alleviates the hypersensitivity of the gapc1gapc2 plant to water stress. Together, our work identifies a pathway of clathrin-assisted CVV budding outward from chloroplast, which is involved in chloroplast degradation and stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangxuan Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xufan Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Pengwei Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chengcheng Lin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuying Tang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chanhong Kim
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Songhu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pukyšová V, Sans Sánchez A, Rudolf J, Nodzyński T, Zwiewka M. Arabidopsis flippase ALA3 is required for adjustment of early subcellular trafficking in plant response to osmotic stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4959-4977. [PMID: 37353222 PMCID: PMC10498020 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for their sessile lifestyle, plants developed several responses to exogenous changes. One of the previously investigated and not yet fully understood adaptations occurs at the level of early subcellular trafficking, which needs to be rapidly adjusted to maintain cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity under osmotic stress conditions. To form a vesicle, the membrane needs to be deformed, which is ensured by multiple factors, including the activity of specific membrane proteins, such as flippases from the family of P4-ATPases. The membrane pumps actively translocate phospholipids from the exoplasmic/luminal to the cytoplasmic membrane leaflet to generate curvature, which might be coupled with recruitment of proteins involved in vesicle formation at specific sites of the donor membrane. We show that lack of the AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE3 (ALA3) flippase activity caused defects at the plasma membrane and trans-Golgi network, resulting in altered endocytosis and secretion, processes relying on vesicle formation and movement. The mentioned cellular defects were translated into decreased intracellular trafficking flexibility failing to adjust the root growth on osmotic stress-eliciting media. In conclusion, we show that ALA3 cooperates with ARF-GEF BIG5/BEN1 and ARF1A1C/BEX1 in a similar regulatory pathway to vesicle formation, and together they are important for plant adaptation to osmotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Pukyšová
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adrià Sans Sánchez
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rudolf
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz Nodzyński
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Zwiewka
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University (MU), Kamenice 5, CZ 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang P, Siao W, Zhao X, Arora D, Wang R, Eeckhout D, Van Leene J, Kumar R, Houbaert A, De Winne N, Mylle E, Vandorpe M, Korver RA, Testerink C, Gevaert K, Vanneste S, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, Russinova E. Adaptor protein complex interaction map in Arabidopsis identifies P34 as a common stability regulator. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:355-371. [PMID: 36635451 PMCID: PMC7615410 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are evolutionarily conserved vesicle transport regulators that recruit coat proteins, membrane cargoes and coated vesicle accessory proteins. As in plants endocytic and post-Golgi trafficking intersect at the trans-Golgi network, unique mechanisms for sorting cargoes of overlapping vesicular routes are anticipated. The plant AP complexes are part of the sorting machinery, but despite some functional information, their cargoes, accessory proteins and regulation remain largely unknown. Here, by means of various proteomics approaches, we generated the overall interactome of the five AP and the TPLATE complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The interactome converged on a number of hub proteins, including the thus far unknown adaptin binding-like protein, designated P34. P34 interacted with the clathrin-associated AP complexes, controlled their stability and, subsequently, influenced clathrin-mediated endocytosis and various post-Golgi trafficking routes. Altogether, the AP interactome network offers substantial resources for further discoveries of unknown endomembrane trafficking regulators in plant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wei Siao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Deepanksha Arora
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Leene
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy De Winne
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Mylle
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Vandorpe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruud A Korver
- Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Pei Y, Zhang M. Regulation of PIN-FORMED Protein Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010843. [PMID: 36614276 PMCID: PMC9821320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin action largely depends on the establishment of auxin concentration gradient within plant organs, where PIN-formed (PIN) auxin transporter-mediated directional auxin movement plays an important role. Accumulating studies have revealed the need of polar plasma membrane (PM) localization of PIN proteins as well as regulation of PIN polarity in response to developmental cues and environmental stimuli, amongst which a typical example is regulation of PIN phosphorylation by AGCVIII protein kinases and type A regulatory subunits of PP2A phosphatases. Recent findings, however, highlight the importance of PIN degradation in reestablishing auxin gradient. Although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood, these findings provide a novel aspect to broaden the current knowledge on regulation of polar auxin transport. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on controlling PIN degradation by endosome-mediated vacuolar targeting, autophagy, ubiquitin modification and the related E3 ubiquitin ligases, cytoskeletons, plant hormones, environmental stimuli, and other regulators, and discuss the possible mechanisms according to recent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-023-68251883
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shimizu Y, Uemura T. The sorting of cargo proteins in the plant trans-Golgi network. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:957995. [PMID: 36035717 PMCID: PMC9402974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.957995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane trafficking contributes to distinct protein compositions of organelles and is essential for proper organellar maintenance and functions. The trans-Golgi network (TGN) acts as a sorting station where various cargo proteins are sorted and directed to post-Golgi compartments, such as the multivesicular body or pre-vacuolar compartment, vacuoles, and plasma membrane. The spatial and temporal segregation of cargo proteins within the TGN, which is mediated with different sets of regulators including small GTPases and cargo adaptors, is a fundamental process in the sorting machinery. Recent studies with powerful imaging technologies have suggested that the TGN possesses spatially distinct subdomains or zones for different trafficking pathways. In this review, we will summarize the spatially and dynamically characteristic features of the plant TGN and their relation to cargo protein trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Shimizu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kazachkova Y. Teaching an old dog new tricks: The plant-specific role of VPS41 in vacuolar transport and development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1186-1187. [PMID: 35460251 PMCID: PMC9237734 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
|
11
|
Jiang D, He Y, Zhou X, Cao Z, Pang L, Zhong S, Jiang L, Li R. Arabidopsis HOPS subunit VPS41 carries out plant-specific roles in vacuolar transport and vegetative growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1416-1434. [PMID: 35417008 PMCID: PMC9237685 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) complex is a conserved, multi-subunit tethering complex in eukaryotic cells. In yeast and mammalian cells, the HOPS subunit vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 (VPS41) is recruited to late endosomes after Ras-related protein 7 (Rab7) activation and is essential for vacuole fusion. However, whether VPS41 plays conserved roles in plants is not clear. Here, we demonstrate that in the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), VPS41 localizes to distinct condensates in root cells in addition to its reported localization at the tonoplast. The formation of condensates does not rely on the known upstream regulators but depends on VPS41 self-interaction and is essential for vegetative growth regulation. Genetic evidence indicates that VPS41 is required for both homotypic vacuole fusion and cargo sorting from the adaptor protein complex 3, Rab5, and Golgi-independent pathways but is dispensable for the Rab7 cargo inositol transporter 1. We also show that VPS41 has HOPS-independent functions in vacuolar transport. Taken together, our findings indicate that Arabidopsis VPS41 is a unique subunit of the HOPS complex that carries out plant-specific roles in both vacuolar transport and developmental regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yilin He
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiran Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at the College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu HR, Shen C, Hassani D, Fang WQ, Wang ZY, Lu Y, Zhu RL, Zhao Q. Vacuoles in Bryophytes: Properties, Biogenesis, and Evolution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863389. [PMID: 35747879 PMCID: PMC9209779 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vacuoles are the most conspicuous organelles in plants for their indispensable functions in cell expansion, solute storage, water balance, etc. Extensive studies on angiosperms have revealed that a set of conserved core molecular machineries orchestrate the formation of vacuoles from multiple pathways. Usually, vacuoles in seed plants are classified into protein storage vacuoles and lytic vacuoles for their distinctive morphology and physiology function. Bryophytes represent early diverged non-vascular land plants, and are of great value for a better understanding of plant science. However, knowledge about vacuole morphology and biogenesis is far less characterized in bryophytes. In this review, first we summarize known knowledge about the morphological and metabolic constitution properties of bryophytes' vacuoles. Then based on known genome information of representative bryophytes, we compared the conserved molecular machinery for vacuole biogenesis among different species including yeast, mammals, Arabidopsis and bryophytes and listed out significant changes in terms of the presence/absence of key machinery genes which participate in vacuole biogenesis. Finally, we propose the possible conserved and diverged mechanism for the biogenesis of vacuoles in bryophytes compared with seed plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-ran Liu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Shen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danial Hassani
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-qi Fang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-yi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-liang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ren Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Pan T, Duan E, Bao X, Zhu J, Teng X, Zhang P, Gu C, Dong H, Wang F, Wang Y, Bao Y, Wang Y, Wan J. Endomembrane-mediated storage protein trafficking in plants: Golgi-dependent or Golgi-independent? FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2215-2230. [PMID: 35615915 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Seed storage proteins (SSPs) accumulated within plant seeds constitute the major protein nutrition sources for human and livestock. SSPs are synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then deposited in plant-specific protein bodies (PBs), including ER-derived PBs and protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). Plant seeds have evolved a distinct endomembrane system to accomplish SSP transport. There are two distinct types of trafficking pathways contributing to SSP delivery to PSVs, one Golgi-dependent and the other Golgi-independent. In recent years, molecular, genetic and biochemical studies have shed light on the complex network controlling SSP trafficking, to which both evolutionarily conserved molecular machineries and plant-unique regulators contribute. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of PB biogenesis and endomembrane-mediated SSP transport, focusing on ER export and post-Golgi traffic. These knowledges support a dominant role for the Golgi-dependent pathways in SSP transport in Arabidopsis and rice. In addition, we describe cutting-edge strategies to dissect the endomembrane trafficking system in plant seeds to advance the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Ren
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tian Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Erchao Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiuhao Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuan Teng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chuanwei Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fan Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yiqun Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dahhan DA, Reynolds GD, Cárdenas JJ, Eeckhout D, Johnson A, Yperman K, Kaufmann WA, Vang N, Yan X, Hwang I, Heese A, De Jaeger G, Friml J, Van Damme D, Pan J, Bednarek SY. Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2150-2173. [PMID: 35218346 PMCID: PMC9134090 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) facilitate the internalization of material from the cell surface as well as the movement of cargo in post-Golgi trafficking pathways. This diversity of functions is partially provided by multiple monomeric and multimeric clathrin adaptor complexes that provide compartment and cargo selectivity. The adaptor-protein assembly polypeptide-1 (AP-1) complex operates as part of the secretory pathway at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), while the AP-2 complex and the TPLATE complex jointly operate at the plasma membrane to execute clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Key to our further understanding of clathrin-mediated trafficking in plants will be the comprehensive identification and characterization of the network of evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific core and accessory machinery involved in the formation and targeting of CCVs. To facilitate these studies, we have analyzed the proteome of enriched TGN/early endosome-derived and endocytic CCVs isolated from dividing and expanding suspension-cultured Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis results were validated by differential chemical labeling experiments to identify proteins co-enriching with CCVs. Proteins enriched in CCVs included previously characterized CCV components and cargos such as the vacuolar sorting receptors in addition to conserved and plant-specific components whose function in clathrin-mediated trafficking has not been previously defined. Notably, in addition to AP-1 and AP-2, all subunits of the AP-4 complex, but not AP-3 or AP-5, were found to be in high abundance in the CCV proteome. The association of AP-4 with suspension-cultured Arabidopsis CCVs is further supported via additional biochemical data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jessica J Cárdenas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Alexander Johnson
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | | | - Walter A Kaufmann
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Nou Vang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Xu Yan
- College Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science & Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Antje Heese
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jianwei Pan
- College Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dahhan DA, Reynolds GD, Cárdenas JJ, Eeckhout D, Johnson A, Yperman K, Kaufmann WA, Vang N, Yan X, Hwang I, Heese A, De Jaeger G, Friml J, Van Damme D, Pan J, Bednarek SY. Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2150-2173. [PMID: 35218346 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.16.460678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) facilitate the internalization of material from the cell surface as well as the movement of cargo in post-Golgi trafficking pathways. This diversity of functions is partially provided by multiple monomeric and multimeric clathrin adaptor complexes that provide compartment and cargo selectivity. The adaptor-protein assembly polypeptide-1 (AP-1) complex operates as part of the secretory pathway at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), while the AP-2 complex and the TPLATE complex jointly operate at the plasma membrane to execute clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Key to our further understanding of clathrin-mediated trafficking in plants will be the comprehensive identification and characterization of the network of evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific core and accessory machinery involved in the formation and targeting of CCVs. To facilitate these studies, we have analyzed the proteome of enriched TGN/early endosome-derived and endocytic CCVs isolated from dividing and expanding suspension-cultured Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis results were validated by differential chemical labeling experiments to identify proteins co-enriching with CCVs. Proteins enriched in CCVs included previously characterized CCV components and cargos such as the vacuolar sorting receptors in addition to conserved and plant-specific components whose function in clathrin-mediated trafficking has not been previously defined. Notably, in addition to AP-1 and AP-2, all subunits of the AP-4 complex, but not AP-3 or AP-5, were found to be in high abundance in the CCV proteome. The association of AP-4 with suspension-cultured Arabidopsis CCVs is further supported via additional biochemical data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana A Dahhan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Gregory D Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jessica J Cárdenas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Alexander Johnson
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Klaas Yperman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Walter A Kaufmann
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Nou Vang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Xu Yan
- College Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science & Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Antje Heese
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jianwei Pan
- College Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sebastian Y Bednarek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng Y, Hiwatashi T, Minamino N, Ebine K, Ueda T. Membrane trafficking functions of the ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing proteins in plants. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2256-2268. [PMID: 35505466 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Subcellular localization of proteins acting on the endomembrane system is primarily regulated via membrane trafficking. To obtain and maintain the correct protein composition of the plasma membrane and membrane-bound organelles, the loading of selected cargos into transport vesicles is critically regulated at donor compartments by adaptor proteins binding to the donor membrane, the cargo molecules, and the coat-protein complexes, including the clathrin coat. The ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing protein superfamily generally comprises a structurally related ENTH, ANTH, or VHS domain in the N-terminal region and a variable C-terminal region, which is thought to act as an adaptor during transport vesicle formation. This protein family is involved in various plant processes, including pollen tube growth, abiotic stress response, and development. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent findings on ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing proteins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Feng
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takuma Hiwatashi
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Minamino
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ebine
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao Z, Li M, Zhang H, Yu Y, Ma L, Wang W, Fan Y, Huang N, Wang X, Liu K, Dong S, Tang H, Wang J, Zhang H, Bao Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Membrane Proteins in Rice Leaves Reveals a Vesicle Trafficking Network in Plant Immunity That Is Provoked by Blast Fungi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853195. [PMID: 35548300 PMCID: PMC9083198 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases in rice and can affect rice production worldwide. Rice plasma membrane (PM) proteins are crucial for rapidly and precisely establishing a defense response in plant immunity when rice and blast fungi interact. However, the plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network mediated by PM proteins is poorly understood. In this study, to explore changes in PM proteins during M. oryzae infection, the PM proteome was analyzed via iTRAQ in the resistant rice landrace Heikezijing. A total of 831 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, including 434 upregulated and 397 downregulated DEPs. In functional analyses, DEPs associated with vesicle trafficking were significantly enriched, including the "transport" term in a Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the endocytosis and phagosome pathways in a Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and vesicle-associated proteins identified via a protein-protein interaction network analysis. OsNPSN13, a novel plant-specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) 13 protein, was identified as an upregulated DEP, and transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed enhanced blast resistance, while transgenic knockdown plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants. The changes in abundance and putative functions of 20 DEPs revealed a possible vesicle trafficking network in the M. oryzae-rice interaction. A comparative proteomic analysis of plasma membrane proteins in rice leaves revealed a plant-immunity-associated vesicle trafficking network that is provoked by blast fungi; these results provide new insights into rice resistance responses against rice blast fungi.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kang BH, Anderson CT, Arimura SI, Bayer E, Bezanilla M, Botella MA, Brandizzi F, Burch-Smith TM, Chapman KD, Dünser K, Gu Y, Jaillais Y, Kirchhoff H, Otegui MS, Rosado A, Tang Y, Kleine-Vehn J, Wang P, Zolman BK. A glossary of plant cell structures: Current insights and future questions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:10-52. [PMID: 34633455 PMCID: PMC8846186 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the following short reviews, the authors discuss the complexities of the plant cell endomembrane system, exciting connections between organelles, novel insights into peroxisome structure and function, dynamics of mitochondria, and the mysteries that need to be unlocked from the plant cell wall. These discussions are focused through a lens of new microscopy techniques. Advanced imaging has uncovered unexpected shapes, dynamics, and intricate membrane formations. With a continued focus in the next decade, these imaging modalities coupled with functional studies are sure to begin to unravel mysteries of the plant cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Biology and Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Shin-ichi Arimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuelle Bayer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d'Ornon F-33140, France
| | - Magdalena Bezanilla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortifruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora,” Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Tessa M Burch-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Kai Dünser
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bethany Karlin Zolman
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aniento F, Sánchez de Medina Hernández V, Dagdas Y, Rojas-Pierce M, Russinova E. Molecular mechanisms of endomembrane trafficking in plants. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:146-173. [PMID: 34550393 PMCID: PMC8773984 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane trafficking is essential for all eukaryotic cells. The best-characterized membrane trafficking organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, early and recycling endosomes, multivesicular body, or late endosome, lysosome/vacuole, and plasma membrane. Although historically plants have given rise to cell biology, our understanding of membrane trafficking has mainly been shaped by the much more studied mammalian and yeast models. Whereas organelles and major protein families that regulate endomembrane trafficking are largely conserved across all eukaryotes, exciting variations are emerging from advances in plant cell biology research. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on plant endomembrane trafficking, with a focus on four distinct trafficking pathways: ER-to-Golgi transport, endocytosis, trans-Golgi network-to-vacuole transport, and autophagy. We acknowledge the conservation and commonalities in the trafficking machinery across species, with emphasis on diversity and plant-specific features. Understanding the function of organelles and the trafficking machinery currently nonexistent in well-known model organisms will provide great opportunities to acquire new insights into the fundamental cellular process of membrane trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Sánchez de Medina Hernández
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Law KC, Chung KK, Zhuang X. An Update on Coat Protein Complexes for Vesicle Formation in Plant Post-Golgi Trafficking. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:826007. [PMID: 35283904 PMCID: PMC8905187 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.826007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane trafficking is an evolutionarily conserved process for all eukaryotic organisms. It is a fundamental and essential process for the transportation of proteins, lipids, or cellular metabolites. The aforementioned cellular components are sorted across multiple membrane-bounded organelles. In plant cells, the endomembrane mainly consists of the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network or early endosome (TGN/EE), prevacuolar compartments or multivesicular bodies (PVCs/MVBs), and vacuole. Among them, Golgi apparatus and TGN represent two central sorting intermediates for cargo secretion and recycling from other compartments by anterograde or retrograde trafficking. Several protein sorting machineries have been identified to function in these pathways for cargo recognition and vesicle assembly. Exciting progress has been made in recent years to provide novel insights into the sorting complexes and also the underlying sorting mechanisms in plants. Here, we will highlight the recent findings for the adaptor protein (AP) complexes, retromer, and retriever complexes, and also their functions in the related coated vesicle formation in post-Golgi trafficking.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang K, Xu F, Yuan W, Zhang D, Liu J, Sun L, Cui L, Zhang J, Xu W. Rice G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b and plasma membrane H + -ATPase. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1603-1615. [PMID: 34216063 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein is involved in plant growth and development, while the role of rice (Oryza sativa) G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 in response to low-phosphorus (LP) conditions remains unclear. The gene expression of qPE9-1 was significantly induced in rice roots under LP conditions. Rice varieties carrying the qPE9-1 allele showed a stronger primary root response to LP than the varieties carrying the qpe9-1 allele (mutant of the qPE9-1 allele). Transgenic rice plants with the qPE9-1 allele had longer primary roots and higher P concentrations than those with the qpe9-1 allele under LP conditions. The plasma membrane (PM) H+ -ATPase was important for the qPE9-1-mediated response to LP. Furthermore, OsGF14b, a 14-3-3 protein that acts as a key component in activating PM H+ -ATPase for root elongation, is also involved in the qPE9-1 mediation. Moreover, the overexpression of OsGF14b in WYJ8 (carrying the qpe9-1 allele) partially increased primary root length under LP conditions. Experiments using R18 peptide (a 14-3-3 protein inhibitor) showed that qPE9-1 is important for primary root elongation and H+ efflux under LP conditions by involving the 14-3-3 protein. In addition, rhizosheath weight, total P content, and the rhizosheath soil Olsen-P concentration of qPE9-1 lines were higher than those of qpe9-1 lines under soil drying and LP conditions. These results suggest that the G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 in rice plants modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving the 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b and PM H+ -ATPase, which is required for rice P use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Leyun Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liyou Cui
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Arora D, Damme DV. Motif-based endomembrane trafficking. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:221-238. [PMID: 33605419 PMCID: PMC8154067 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane trafficking, which allows proteins and lipids to flow between the different endomembrane compartments, largely occurs by vesicle-mediated transport. Transmembrane proteins intended for transport are concentrated into a vesicle or carrier by undulation of a donor membrane. This is followed by vesicle scission, uncoating, and finally, fusion at the target membrane. Three major trafficking pathways operate inside eukaryotic cells: anterograde, retrograde, and endocytic. Each pathway involves a unique set of machinery and coat proteins that pack the transmembrane proteins, along with their associated lipids, into specific carriers. Adaptor and coatomer complexes are major facilitators that function in anterograde transport and in endocytosis. These complexes recognize the transmembrane cargoes destined for transport and recruit the coat proteins that help form the carriers. These complexes use either linear motifs or posttranslational modifications to recognize the cargoes, which are then packaged and delivered along the trafficking pathways. In this review, we focus on the different trafficking complexes that share a common evolutionary branch in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and we discuss up-to-date knowledge about the cargo recognition motifs they use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepanksha Arora
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Daniёl Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang X, Li H, Lu H, Hwang I. The trafficking machinery of lytic and protein storage vacuoles: how much is shared and how much is distinct? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3504-3512. [PMID: 33587748 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells contain two types of vacuoles, the lytic vacuole (LV) and protein storage vacuole (PSV). LVs are present in vegetative cells, whereas PSVs are found in seed cells. The physiological functions of the two types of vacuole differ. Newly synthesized proteins must be transported to these vacuoles via protein trafficking through the endomembrane system for them to function. Recently, significant advances have been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of protein trafficking to these organelles. Despite these advances, the relationship between the trafficking mechanisms to the LV and PSV remains unclear. Some aspects of the trafficking mechanisms are common to both types of vacuole, but certain aspects are specific to trafficking to either the LV or PSV. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the components involved in protein trafficking to both the LV and PSV and compare them to examine the extent of overlap in the trafficking mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the interconnection between the LV and PSV provided by the protein trafficking machinery and the implications for the identity of these organelles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 37673 Pohang, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oliver J, Fan M, McKinley B, Zemelis‐Durfee S, Brandizzi F, Wilkerson C, Mullet JE. The AGCVIII kinase Dw2 modulates cell proliferation, endomembrane trafficking, and MLG/xylan cell wall localization in elongating stem internodes of Sorghum bicolor. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:1053-1071. [PMID: 33211340 PMCID: PMC7983884 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Stems of bioenergy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.), a drought-tolerant C4 grass, contain up to 50 nodes and internodes of varying length that span 4-5 m and account for approximately 84% of harvested biomass. Stem internode growth impacts plant height and biomass accumulation and is regulated by brassinosteroid signaling, auxin transport, and gibberellin biosynthesis. In addition, an AGCVIII kinase (Dw2) regulates sorghum stem internode growth, but the underlying mechanism and signaling network are unknown. Here we provide evidence that mutation of Dw2 reduces cell proliferation in internode intercalary meristems, inhibits endocytosis, and alters the distribution of heteroxylan and mixed linkage glucan in cell walls. Phosphoproteomic analysis showed that Dw2 signaling influences the phosphorylation of proteins involved in lipid signaling (PLDδ), endomembrane trafficking, hormone, light, and receptor signaling, and photosynthesis. Together, our results show that Dw2 modulates endomembrane function and cell division during sorghum internode growth, providing insight into the regulation of monocot stem development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Oliver
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas77843USA
| | - Mingzhu Fan
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
| | - Brian McKinley
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas77843USA
| | - Starla Zemelis‐Durfee
- MSU‐DOE Plant Research LabMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU‐DOE Plant Research LabMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
| | - Curtis Wilkerson
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research CenterMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824USA
| | - John E. Mullet
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas77843USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Song H, Huang Y, Gu B. QTL-Seq identifies quantitative trait loci of relative electrical conductivity associated with heat tolerance in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227663. [PMID: 33170849 PMCID: PMC7654804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat is a major abiotic stress that seriously affects watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) production. However, its effects may be mitigated through grafting watermelon to heat tolerant bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) rootstocks. Understanding the genetic basis of heat tolerance and development of reliable DNA markers to indirectly select for the trait are necessary in breeding for new varieties with heat tolerance. The objectives of this study were to investigate the inheritance of heat tolerance and identify molecular markers associated with heat tolerance in bottle gourd. A segregating F2 population was developed from a cross between two heat tolerant and sensitive inbred lines. The population was phenotyped for relative electrical conductivity (REC) upon high temperature treatment which was used as an indicator for heat tolerance. QTL-seq was performed to identify regions associated with heat tolerance. We found that REC-based heat tolerance in this population exhibited recessive inheritance. Seven heat-tolerant quantitative trait loci (qHT1.1, qHT2.1, qHT2.2, qHT5.1, qHT6.1, qHT7.1, and qHT8.1) were identified with qHT2.1 being a promising major-effect QTL. In the qHT2.1 region, we identified three non-synonymous SNPs that were potentially associated with heat tolerance. These SNPs were located in the genes that may play roles in pollen sterility, intracellular transport, and signal recognition. Association of the three SNPs with heat tolerance was verified in segregating F2 populations, which could be candidate markers for marker assisted selection for heat tolerance in bottle gourd. The qHT2.1 region is an important finding that may be used for fine mapping and discovery of novel genes associated with heat tolerance in bottle gourd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- Key Lab of Cucurbit Vegetable Breeding, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yunping Huang
- Key Lab of Cucurbit Vegetable Breeding, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binquan Gu
- Key Lab of Cucurbit Vegetable Breeding, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu D, Kumar R, Claus LAN, Johnson AJ, Siao W, Vanhoutte I, Wang P, Bender KW, Yperman K, Martins S, Zhao X, Vert G, Van Damme D, Friml J, Russinova E. Endocytosis of BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 Is Partly Driven by a Canonical Tyr-Based Motif. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:3598-3612. [PMID: 32958564 PMCID: PMC7610300 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and its core endocytic machinery are evolutionarily conserved across all eukaryotes. In mammals, the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex-2 (AP-2) sorts plasma membrane (PM) cargoes into vesicles via the recognition of motifs based on Tyr or di-Leu in their cytoplasmic tails. However, in plants, very little is known about how PM proteins are sorted for CME and whether similar motifs are required. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) undergoes endocytosis, which depends on clathrin and AP-2. Here, we demonstrate that BRI1 binds directly to the medium AP-2 subunit (AP2M). The cytoplasmic domain of BRI1 contains five putative canonical surface-exposed Tyr-based endocytic motifs. The Tyr-to-Phe substitution in Y898KAI reduced BRI1 internalization without affecting its kinase activity. Consistently, plants carrying the BRI1Y898F mutation were hypersensitive to BRs. Our study demonstrates that AP-2-dependent internalization of PM proteins via the recognition of functional Tyr motifs also operates in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derui Liu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucas A N Claus
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Wei Siao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Vanhoutte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kyle W Bender
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Klaas Yperman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Martins
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Grégory Vert
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Guo C, Wang Y, Yang A, He J, Xiao C, Lv S, Han F, Yuan Y, Yuan Y, Dong X, Guo J, Yang Y, Liu H, Zuo N, Hu Y, Zhao K, Jiang Z, Wang X, Jiang T, Shen Y, Cao M, Wang Y, Long Z, Rong T, Huang L, Zhou S. The Coix Genome Provides Insights into Panicoideae Evolution and Papery Hull Domestication. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:309-320. [PMID: 31778843 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Coix is a grass crop domesticated as early as the Neolithic era. It is still widely cultivated for both highly nutritional food and medicinal use. However, the genetic study and breeding of this crop are hindered by the lack of a sequenced genome. Here, we report de novo sequencing and assembly of the 1619-Mb genome of Coix, and annotation of 75.39% repeats and 39 629 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics analysis showed that Coix is more closely related to sorghum than maize, but intriguingly only Coix and maize had a recent genome duplication event, which was not detected in sorghum. We further constructed a genetic map and mapped several important traits, especially the strength of hull. Selection of papery hull (thin: easy dehulling) from the stony hull (thick: difficult dehulling) in wild progenitors was a key step in Coix domestication. The papery hull makes seed easier to process and germinate. Anatomic and global transcriptome analysis revealed that the papery hull is a result of inhibition of cell division and wall biogenesis. We also successfully demonstrated that seed hull pressure resistance is controlled by two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which are associated with hull thickness and color, respectively. The two QTLs were further fine mapped within intervals of 250 kb and 146 kb, respectively. These resources provide a platform for evolutionary studies and will facilitate molecular breeding of this important crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chaowen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shanhua Lv
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Fengming Han
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Yibing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaolong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Juan Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yawen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hailan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ningzhi Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yaxi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kangxu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yaou Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Moju Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhaobo Long
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Larson RT, Dacks JB, Barlow LD. Recent gene duplications dominate evolutionary dynamics of adaptor protein complex subunits in embryophytes. Traffic 2019; 20:961-973. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raegan T. Larson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Joel B. Dacks
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Department of Life SciencesThe Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road London UK
| | - Lael D. Barlow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
AP3M harbors actin filament binding activity that is crucial for vacuole morphology and stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:18132-18141. [PMID: 31431522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901431116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomatal movement is essential for plant growth. This process is precisely regulated by various cellular activities in guard cells. F-actin dynamics and vacuole morphology are both involved in stomatal movement. The sorting of cargoes by clathrin adaptor protein (AP) complexes from the Golgi to the vacuole is critical for establishing a normal vacuole morphology. In this study, we demonstrate that the medium subunit of the AP3 complex (AP3M) binds to and severs actin filaments in vitro and that it participates in the sorting of cargoes (such as the sucrose exporter SUC4) to the tonoplast, and thereby regulates stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana Defects in AP3 or SUC4 led to more rapid water loss and delayed stomatal closure, as well as hypersensitivity to drought stress. In ap3m mutants, the F-actin status was altered compared to the wild type, and the sorted cargoes failed to localize to the tonoplast. AP3M contains a previously unidentified F-actin binding domain that is conserved in AP3M homologs in both plants and animals. Mutations in the F-actin binding domain of AP3M abolished its F-actin binding activity in vitro, leading to an aberrant vacuole morphology and reduced levels of SUC4 on the tonoplast in guard cells. Our findings indicate that the F-actin binding activity of AP3M is required for the precise localization of AP3-dependent cargoes to the tonoplast and for the regulation of vacuole morphology in guard cells during stomatal closure.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hunter K, Kimura S, Rokka A, Tran HC, Toyota M, Kukkonen JP, Wrzaczek M. CRK2 Enhances Salt Tolerance by Regulating Callose Deposition in Connection with PLD α1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:2004-2021. [PMID: 31118265 PMCID: PMC6670071 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High salinity is an increasingly prevalent source of stress to which plants must adapt. The receptor-like protein kinases, including members of the Cys-rich receptor-like kinase (CRK) subfamily, are a highly expanded family of transmembrane proteins in plants that are largely responsible for communication between cells and the extracellular environment. Various CRKs have been implicated in biotic and abiotic stress responses; however, their functions on a cellular level remain largely uncharacterized. Here we have shown that CRK2 enhances salt tolerance at the germination stage in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and also modulates root length. We established that functional CRK2 is required for salt-induced callose deposition. In doing so, we revealed a role for callose deposition in response to increased salinity and demonstrated its importance for salt tolerance during germination. Using fluorescently tagged proteins, we observed specific changes in the subcellular localization of CRK2 in response to various stress treatments. Many of CRK2's cellular functions were dependent on phospholipase D activity, as were the subcellular localization changes. Thus, we propose that CRK2 acts downstream of phospholipase D during salt stress, promoting callose deposition and regulating plasmodesmal permeability, and that CRK2 adopts specific stress-dependent subcellular localization patterns that allow it to carry out its functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerri Hunter
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sachie Kimura
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Rokka
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Huy Cuong Tran
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Masatsugu Toyota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jyrki P Kukkonen
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Wrzaczek
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yoshinari A, Hosokawa T, Amano T, Beier MP, Kunieda T, Shimada T, Hara-Nishimura I, Naito S, Takano J. Polar Localization of the Borate Exporter BOR1 Requires AP2-Dependent Endocytosis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:1569-1580. [PMID: 30710051 PMCID: PMC6446798 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential element in plants but is toxic when it accumulates to high levels. In root cells of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the borate exporter BOR1 is polarly localized in the plasma membrane toward the stele side for directional transport of B. Upon high-B supply, BOR1 is rapidly internalized and degraded in the vacuole. The polar localization and B-induced vacuolar sorting of BOR1 are mediated by endocytosis from the plasma membrane. To dissect the endocytic pathways mediating the polar localization and vacuolar sorting, we investigated the contribution of the clathrin adaptor protein, ADAPTOR PROTEIN2 (AP2) complex, to BOR1 trafficking. In the mutants lacking µ- or σ-subunits of the AP2 complex, the polar localization and constitutive endocytosis of BOR1 under low-B conditions were dramatically disturbed. A coimmunoprecipitation assay showed association of the AP2 complex with BOR1, while it was independent of YxxΦ sorting motifs, which are in a cytosolic loop of BOR1. A yeast two-hybrid assay supported the interaction of the AP2 complex µ-subunit with the C-terminal tail but not with the YxxΦ motifs in the cytosolic loop of BOR1. Intriguingly, lack of the AP2 subunit did not affect the B-induced rapid internalization/vacuolar sorting of BOR1. Consistent with defects in the polar localization, the AP2 complex mutants showed hypersensitivity to B deficiency. Our results indicate that AP2-dependent endocytosis maintains the polar localization of BOR1 to support plant growth under low-B conditions, whereas the B-induced vacuolar sorting of BOR1 is mediated through an AP2-independent endocytic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yoshinari
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Takuya Hosokawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Taro Amano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Marcel Pascal Beier
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kunieda
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoo Shimada
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ikuko Hara-Nishimura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Satoshi Naito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Junpei Takano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zwiewka M, Bielach A, Tamizhselvan P, Madhavan S, Ryad EE, Tan S, Hrtyan MN, Dobrev P, Vankovï R, Friml J, Tognetti VB. Root Adaptation to H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress by ARF-GEF BEN1- and Cytoskeleton-Mediated PIN2 Trafficking. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:255-273. [PMID: 30668780 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress poses constant challenges for plant survival and is a serious problem for global agricultural productivity. On a molecular level, stress conditions result in elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production causing oxidative stress associated with oxidation of proteins and nucleic acids as well as impairment of membrane functions. Adaptation of root growth to ROS accumulation is facilitated through modification of auxin and cytokinin hormone homeostasis. Here, we report that in Arabidopsis root meristem, ROS-induced changes of auxin levels correspond to decreased abundance of PIN auxin efflux carriers at the plasma membrane (PM). Specifically, increase in H2O2 levels affects PIN2 endocytic recycling. We show that the PIN2 intracellular trafficking during adaptation to oxidative stress requires the function of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) BEN1, an actin-associated regulator of the trafficking from the PM to early endosomes and, presumably, indirectly, trafficking to the vacuoles. We propose that H2O2 levels affect the actin dynamics thus modulating ARF-GEF-dependent trafficking of PIN2. This mechanism provides a way how root growth acclimates to stress and adapts to a changing environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zwiewka
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Agnieszka Bielach
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Prashanth Tamizhselvan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sharmila Madhavan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eman Elrefaay Ryad
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shutang Tan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mï Nika Hrtyan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany Czech Acad. Sci, Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Rozvojov� 263, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radomira Vankovï
- Institute of Experimental Botany Czech Acad. Sci, Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Rozvojov� 263, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřï Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Vanesa B Tognetti
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cui Y, Cao W, He Y, Zhao Q, Wakazaki M, Zhuang X, Gao J, Zeng Y, Gao C, Ding Y, Wong HY, Wong WS, Lam HK, Wang P, Ueda T, Rojas-Pierce M, Toyooka K, Kang BH, Jiang L. A whole-cell electron tomography model of vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:95-105. [PMID: 30559414 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are dynamic organelles that play essential roles in regulating growth and development. Two distinct models of vacuole biogenesis have been proposed: separate vacuoles are formed by the fusion of endosomes, or the single interconnected vacuole is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These two models are based on studies of two-dimensional (2D) transmission electron microscopy and 3D confocal imaging, respectively. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography at nanometre resolution to illustrate vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. The whole-cell electron tomography analysis first identified unique small vacuoles (SVs; 400-1,000 nm in diameter) as nascent vacuoles in early developmental cortical cells. These SVs contained intraluminal vesicles and were mainly derived/matured from multivesicular body (MVB) fusion. The whole-cell vacuole models and statistical analysis on wild-type root cells of different vacuole developmental stages demonstrated that central vacuoles were derived from MVB-to-SV transition and subsequent fusions of SVs. Further electron tomography analysis on mutants defective in MVB formation/maturation or vacuole fusion demonstrated that central vacuole formation required functional MVBs and membrane fusion machineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilin He
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mayumi Wakazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yan Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Shing Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ham Karen Lam
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Marcela Rojas-Pierce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zwiewka M, Bilanovičová V, Seifu YW, Nodzyński T. The Nuts and Bolts of PIN Auxin Efflux Carriers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:985. [PMID: 31417597 PMCID: PMC6685051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The plant-specific proteins named PIN-FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers facilitate the direction of auxin flow and thus play a vital role in the establishment of local auxin maxima within plant tissues that subsequently guide plant ontogenesis. They are membrane integral proteins with two hydrophobic regions consisting of alpha-helices linked with a hydrophilic loop, which is usually longer for the plasma membrane-localized PINs. The hydrophilic loop harbors molecular cues important for the subcellular localization and thus auxin efflux function of those transporters. The three-dimensional structure of PIN has not been solved yet. However, there are scattered but substantial data concerning the functional characterization of amino acid strings that constitute these carriers. These sequences include motifs vital for vesicular trafficking, residues regulating membrane diffusion, cellular polar localization, and activity of PINs. Here, we summarize those bits of information striving to provide a reference to structural motifs that have been investigated experimentally hoping to stimulate the efforts toward unraveling of PIN structure-function connections.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui Y, Cao W, He Y, Zhao Q, Wakazaki M, Zhuang X, Gao J, Zeng Y, Gao C, Ding Y, Wong HY, Wong WS, Lam HK, Wang P, Ueda T, Rojas-Pierce M, Toyooka K, Kang BH, Jiang L. A whole-cell electron tomography model of vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:95-105. [PMID: 30559414 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0328-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are dynamic organelles that play essential roles in regulating growth and development. Two distinct models of vacuole biogenesis have been proposed: separate vacuoles are formed by the fusion of endosomes, or the single interconnected vacuole is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These two models are based on studies of two-dimensional (2D) transmission electron microscopy and 3D confocal imaging, respectively. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography at nanometre resolution to illustrate vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. The whole-cell electron tomography analysis first identified unique small vacuoles (SVs; 400-1,000 nm in diameter) as nascent vacuoles in early developmental cortical cells. These SVs contained intraluminal vesicles and were mainly derived/matured from multivesicular body (MVB) fusion. The whole-cell vacuole models and statistical analysis on wild-type root cells of different vacuole developmental stages demonstrated that central vacuoles were derived from MVB-to-SV transition and subsequent fusions of SVs. Further electron tomography analysis on mutants defective in MVB formation/maturation or vacuole fusion demonstrated that central vacuole formation required functional MVBs and membrane fusion machineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilin He
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mayumi Wakazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yan Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Shing Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ham Karen Lam
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Marcela Rojas-Pierce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou JJ, Luo J. The PIN-FORMED Auxin Efflux Carriers in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2759. [PMID: 30223430 PMCID: PMC6164769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin plays crucial roles in multiple developmental processes, such as embryogenesis, organogenesis, cell determination and division, as well as tropic responses. These processes are finely coordinated by the auxin, which requires the polar distribution of auxin within tissues and cells. The intercellular directionality of auxin flow is closely related to the asymmetric subcellular location of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux transporters. All PIN proteins have a conserved structure with a central hydrophilic loop domain, which harbors several phosphosites targeted by a set of protein kinases. The activities of PIN proteins are finely regulated by diverse endogenous and exogenous stimuli at multiple layers-including transcriptional and epigenetic levels, post-transcriptional modifications, subcellular trafficking, as well as PINs' recycling and turnover-to facilitate the developmental processes in an auxin gradient-dependent manner. Here, the recent advances in the structure, evolution, regulation and functions of PIN proteins in plants will be discussed. The information provided by this review will shed new light on the asymmetric auxin-distribution-dependent development processes mediated by PIN transporters in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dragwidge JM, Ford BA, Ashnest JR, Das P, Gendall AR. Two Endosomal NHX-Type Na+/H+ Antiporters are Involved in Auxin-Mediated Development in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1660-1669. [PMID: 29788486 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, the endosomal-localized Na+/H+ antiporters NHX5 and NHX6 regulate ion and pH homeostasis and are important for plant growth and development. However, the mechanism by which these endosomal NHXs function in plant development is not well understood. Auxin modulates plant growth and development through the formation of concentration gradients in plant tissue to control cell division and expansion. Here, we identified a role for NHX5 and NHX6 in the establishment and maintenance of auxin gradients in embryo and root tissues. We observed developmental impairment and abnormal cell division in embryo and root tissues in the double knockout nhx5 nhx6, consistent with these tissues showing high expression of NHX5 and NHX6. Through confocal microscopy imaging with the DR5::GFP auxin reporter, we identify defects in the perception, accumulation and redistribution of auxin in nhx5 nhx6 cells. Furthermore, we find that the steady-state levels of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers PIN1 and PIN2 are reduced in nhx5 nhx6 root cells. Our results demonstrate that NHX5 and NHX6 function in auxin-mediated plant development by maintaining PIN abundance at the plasma membrane, and provide new insight into the regulation of plant development by endosomal NHX antiporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Michael Dragwidge
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Brett Andrew Ford
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Joanne Rachel Ashnest
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Global Institute for Food Security, 110 Gymnasium Place, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Partha Das
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- College of Agriculture, Tripura, Lembucherra, India
| | - Anthony Richard Gendall
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ashnest JR, Gendall AR. Trafficking to the seed protein storage vacuole. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:895-910. [PMID: 32291054 DOI: 10.1071/fp17318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The processing and subcellular trafficking of seed storage proteins is a critical area of physiological, agricultural and biotechnological research. Trafficking to the lytic vacuole has been extensively discussed in recent years, without substantial distinction from trafficking to the protein storage vacuole (PSV). However, despite some overlap between these pathways, there are several examples of unique processing and machinery in the PSV pathway. Moreover, substantial new data has recently come to light regarding the important players in this pathway, in particular, the intracellular NHX proteins and their role in regulating lumenal pH. In some cases, these new data are limited to genetic evidence, with little mechanistic understanding. As such, the implications of these data in the current paradigm of PSV trafficking is perhaps yet unclear. Although it has generally been assumed that the major classes of storage proteins are trafficked via the same pathway, there is mounting evidence that the 12S globulins and 2S albumins may be trafficked independently. Advances in identification of vacuolar targeting signals, as well as an improved mechanistic understanding of various vacuolar sorting receptors, may reveal the differences in these trafficking pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne R Ashnest
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia
| | - Anthony R Gendall
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, 5 Ring Road, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liang X, Feng QN, Li S, Zhang Y. Vacuolar trafficking in pollen tube growth and guidance. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1464854. [PMID: 29701540 PMCID: PMC6103282 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1464854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vacuoles are versatile organelles in plant cells, critical for growth and responses to environmental cues. Vacuoles are dynamic tubular structures in pollen tubes, the male gametophytes. Mutations at vacuolar fusion machinery caused male gametophytic lethality by affecting pollen tube growth and guidance, which are critical steps leading to angiosperm reproduction. In comparison, the role of vacuolar trafficking and its cargoes in this process is less understood. In this mini-review, we summarize old and recent findings that indicate the involvement of vacuolar trafficking in pollen tube growth and guidance. We also point at future studies that would provide insights into a key role of vacuolar trafficking and its cargos in pollen tube growth and guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qiang-Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Feeney M, Kittelmann M, Menassa R, Hawes C, Frigerio L. Protein Storage Vacuoles Originate from Remodeled Preexisting Vacuoles in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:241-254. [PMID: 29555788 PMCID: PMC5933143 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein storage vacuoles (PSV) are the main repository of protein in dicotyledonous seeds, but little is known about the origins of these transient organelles. PSV are hypothesized to either arise de novo or originate from the preexisting embryonic vacuole (EV) during seed maturation. Here, we tested these hypotheses by studying PSV formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) embryos at different stages of seed maturation and recapitulated this process in Arabidopsis leaves reprogrammed to an embryogenic fate by inducing expression of the LEAFY COTYLEDON2 transcription factor. Confocal and immunoelectron microscopy indicated that both storage proteins and tonoplast proteins typical of PSV were delivered to the preexisting EV in embryos or to the lytic vacuole in reprogrammed leaf cells. In addition, sectioning through embryos at several developmental stages using serial block face scanning electron microscopy revealed the 3D architecture of forming PSV. Our results indicate that the preexisting EV is reprogrammed to become a PSV in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mistianne Feeney
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Maike Kittelmann
- Plant Cell Biology, Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom
| | - Rima Menassa
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada N5V 4T3
| | - Chris Hawes
- Plant Cell Biology, Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Frigerio
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Feng QN, Liang X, Li S, Zhang Y. The ADAPTOR PROTEIN-3 Complex Mediates Pollen Tube Growth by Coordinating Vacuolar Targeting and Organization. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:216-225. [PMID: 29523712 PMCID: PMC5933126 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube growth is an essential step for successful plant reproduction. Vacuolar trafficking and dynamic organization are important for pollen tube growth; however, the key proteins involved in these processes are not well understood. Here, we report that the ADAPTOR PROTEIN-3 (AP-3) complex and its tonoplast cargo PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE10 (PAT10) are critical for pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). AP-3 is a heterotetrameric protein complex consisting of four subunits, δ, β, µ, and σ. AP-3 regulates tonoplast targeting of several cargoes, such as PAT10. We show that functional loss of any of the four AP-3 subunits reduces plant fertility. In ap-3 mutants, pollen development was normal but pollen tube growth was compromised, leading to reduced male transmission. Functional loss of PAT10 caused a similar reduction in pollen tube growth, suggesting that the tonoplast association of PAT10 mediated by AP-3 is crucial for this process. Indeed, the Ca2+ gradient during pollen tube growth was reduced significantly due to AP-3 loss of function, consistent with the abnormal targeting of CALCINUERIN B-LIKE2 (CBL2) and CBL3, whose tonoplast association depends on PAT10. Furthermore, we show that the pollen tubes of ap-3 mutants have vacuoles with simplified tubules and bulbous structures, indicating that AP-3 affects vacuolar organization. Our results demonstrate a role for AP-3 in plant reproduction and provide insights into the role of vacuoles in polarized cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nagy M, Kéki S, Rácz D, Mathur J, Vereb G, Garda T, M-Hamvas M, Chaumont F, Bóka K, Böddi B, Freytag C, Vasas G, Máthé C. Novel fluorochromes label tonoplast in living plant cells and reveal changes in vacuolar organization after treatment with protein phosphatase inhibitors. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:829-839. [PMID: 29230547 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The recently synthesized isocyanonaphtalene derivatives ACAIN and CACAIN are fluorochromes excitable at wavelengths of around 366 nm and bind cysteine-rich proteins with hydrophobic motifs. We show that these compounds preferentially label tonoplasts in living Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum SR1) cells. ACAIN-labeled membranes co-localized with the GFP signal in plants expressing GFP-δ-TIP (TIP2;1) (a tonoplast aquaporin) fusion protein. ACAIN preserved the dynamics of vacuolar structures. tip2;1 and triple tip1;1-tip1;2-tip2;1 knockout mutants showed weaker ACAIN signal in tonoplasts. The fluorochrome is also suitable for the labeling and detection of specific (cysteine-rich, hydrophobic) proteins from crude cell protein extracts following SDS-PAGE and TIP mutants show altered labeling patterns; however, it appears that ACAIN labels a large variety of tonoplast proteins. ACAIN/CACAIN could be used for the detection of altered vacuolar organization induced by the heptapeptide natural toxin microcystin-LR (MCY-LR), a potent inhibitor of both type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases and a ROS inducer. As revealed both in plants with GFP-TIP2;1 fusions and in wild-type (Columbia) plants labeled with ACAIN/CACAIN, MCY-LR induces the formation of small vesicles, concomitantly with the absence of the large vegetative vacuoles characteristic for differentiated cells. TEM studies of MCY-LR-treated Arabidopsis cells proved the presence of multimembrane vesicles, with characteristics of lytic vacuoles or autophagosomes. Moreover, MCY-LR is a stronger inducer of small vesicle formation than okadaic acid (which inhibits preferentially PP2A) and tautomycin (which inhibits preferentially PP1). ACAIN and CACAIN emerge as useful novel tools to study plant vacuole biogenesis and programmed cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Nagy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kéki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Dávid Rácz
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Jaideep Mathur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Development and Interactions, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
| | - György Vereb
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Garda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Márta M-Hamvas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - François Chaumont
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Károly Bóka
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Béla Böddi
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Csongor Freytag
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Máthé
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Müdsam C, Wollschläger P, Sauer N, Schneider S. Sorting of Arabidopsis NRAMP3 and NRAMP4 depends on adaptor protein complex AP4 and a dileucine-based motif. Traffic 2018; 19:503-521. [PMID: 29573093 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor protein complexes mediate cargo selection and vesicle trafficking to different cellular membranes in all eukaryotic cells. Information on the role of AP4 in plants is still limited. Here, we present the analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking different subunits of AP4. These mutants show abnormalities in their development and in protein sorting. We found that growth of roots and etiolated hypocotyls, as well as male fertility and trichome morphology are disturbed in ap4. Analyses of GFP-fusions transiently expressed in mesophyll protoplasts demonstrated that the tonoplast (TP) proteins MOT2, NRAMP3 and NRAMP4, but not INT1, are partially sorted to the plasma membrane (PM) in the absence of a functional AP4 complex. Moreover, alanine mutagenesis revealed that in wild-type plants, sorting of NRAMP3 and NRAMP4 to the TP requires an N-terminal dileucine-based motif. The NRAMP3 or NRAMP4 N-terminal domain containing the dileucine motif was sufficient to redirect the PM localized INT4 protein to the TP and to confer AP4-dependency on sorting of INT1. Our data show that correct sorting of NRAMP3 and NRAMP4 depends on both, an N-terminal dileucine-based motif as well as AP4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Müdsam
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Wollschläger
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Sauer
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Adamowski M, Narasimhan M, Kania U, Glanc M, De Jaeger G, Friml J. A Functional Study of AUXILIN-LIKE1 and 2, Two Putative Clathrin Uncoating Factors in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2018; 30:700-716. [PMID: 29511054 PMCID: PMC5894831 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a cellular trafficking process in which cargoes and lipids are internalized from the plasma membrane into vesicles coated with clathrin and adaptor proteins. CME is essential for many developmental and physiological processes in plants, but its underlying mechanism is not well characterized compared with that in yeast and animal systems. Here, we searched for new factors involved in CME in Arabidopsis thaliana by performing tandem affinity purification of proteins that interact with clathrin light chain, a principal component of the clathrin coat. Among the confirmed interactors, we found two putative homologs of the clathrin-coat uncoating factor auxilin previously described in non-plant systems. Overexpression of AUXILIN-LIKE1 and AUXILIN-LIKE2 in Arabidopsis caused an arrest of seedling growth and development. This was concomitant with inhibited endocytosis due to blocking of clathrin recruitment after the initial step of adaptor protein binding to the plasma membrane. By contrast, auxilin-like1/2 loss-of-function lines did not present endocytosis-related developmental or cellular phenotypes under normal growth conditions. This work contributes to the ongoing characterization of the endocytotic machinery in plants and provides a robust tool for conditionally and specifically interfering with CME in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Urszula Kania
- IST Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matouš Glanc
- IST Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- IST Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gibberellin DELLA signaling targets the retromer complex to redirect protein trafficking to the plasma membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:3716-3721. [PMID: 29463731 PMCID: PMC5889667 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721760115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study identifies and outlines a nontranscriptional branch of the canonical GA signaling pathway that redirects protein traffic from the vacuolar degradation route to the plasma membrane. As a result, the amount of receptors and transporters, such as PIN transporters for the plant hormone auxin, is functionally regulated at the cell surface. The identified branching occurs at the level of DELLA proteins that, besides transcriptional regulation, also target the microtubule (MT) network and protein trafficking. In this work, we provide multiple lines of evidence that DELLA proteins act via their interacting partners Prefoldins and that a downstream MT/CLASP1 module regulates the activity of the retromer complex that directs protein trafficking at the intersection of the vacuolar and recycling pathways. The plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA) is a crucial regulator of growth and development. The main paradigm of GA signaling puts forward transcriptional regulation via the degradation of DELLA transcriptional repressors. GA has also been shown to regulate tropic responses by modulation of the plasma membrane incidence of PIN auxin transporters by an unclear mechanism. Here we uncovered the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which GA redirects protein trafficking and thus regulates cell surface functionality. Photoconvertible reporters revealed that GA balances the protein traffic between the vacuole degradation route and recycling back to the cell surface. Low GA levels promote vacuolar delivery and degradation of multiple cargos, including PIN proteins, whereas high GA levels promote their recycling to the plasma membrane. This GA effect requires components of the retromer complex, such as Sorting Nexin 1 (SNX1) and its interacting, microtubule (MT)-associated protein, the Cytoplasmic Linker-Associated Protein (CLASP1). Accordingly, GA regulates the subcellular distribution of SNX1 and CLASP1, and the intact MT cytoskeleton is essential for the GA effect on trafficking. This GA cellular action occurs through DELLA proteins that regulate the MT and retromer presumably via their interaction partners Prefoldins (PFDs). Our study identified a branching of the GA signaling pathway at the level of DELLA proteins, which, in parallel to regulating transcription, also target by a nontranscriptional mechanism the retromer complex acting at the intersection of the degradation and recycling trafficking routes. By this mechanism, GA can redirect receptors and transporters to the cell surface, thus coregulating multiple processes, including PIN-dependent auxin fluxes during tropic responses.
Collapse
|
46
|
AtCAP2 is crucial for lytic vacuole biogenesis during germination by positively regulating vacuolar protein trafficking. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1675-E1683. [PMID: 29378957 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717204115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein trafficking is a fundamental mechanism of subcellular organization and contributes to organellar biogenesis. AtCAP2 is an Arabidopsis homolog of the Mesembryanthemum crystallinum calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 adaptor protein 2 (McCAP2), a member of the syntaxin superfamily. Here, we show that AtCAP2 plays an important role in the conversion to the lytic vacuole (LV) during early plant development. The AtCAP2 loss-of-function mutant atcap2-1 displayed delays in protein storage vacuole (PSV) protein degradation, PSV fusion, LV acidification, and biosynthesis of several vacuolar proteins during germination. At the mature stage, atcap2-1 plants accumulated vacuolar proteins in the prevacuolar compartment (PVC) instead of the LV. In wild-type plants, AtCAP2 localizes to the PVC as a peripheral membrane protein and in the PVC compartment recruits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase C2 (GAPC2) to the PVC. We propose that AtCAP2 contributes to LV biogenesis during early plant development by supporting the trafficking of specific proteins involved in the PSV-to-LV transition and LV acidification during early stages of plant development.
Collapse
|
47
|
Rosquete MR, Davis DJ, Drakakaki G. The Plant Trans-Golgi Network: Not Just a Matter of Distinction. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:187-198. [PMID: 29192030 PMCID: PMC5761815 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The trans-Golgi network in plants is a major sorting station of Golgi derived cargo while it also receives recycled material from endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Destiny Jade Davis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang Y, Yang L, Tang Y, Tang R, Jing Y, Zhang C, Zhang B, Li X, Cui Y, Zhang C, Shi J, Zhao F, Lan W, Luan S. Arabidopsis choline transporter-like 1 (CTL1) regulates secretory trafficking of auxin transporters to control seedling growth. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2004310. [PMID: 29283991 PMCID: PMC5746207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin controls a myriad of plant developmental processes and plant response to environmental conditions. Precise trafficking of auxin transporters is essential for auxin homeostasis in plants. Here, we report characterization of Arabidopsis CTL1, which controls seedling growth and apical hook development by regulating intracellular trafficking of PIN-type auxin transporters. The CTL1 gene encodes a choline transporter-like protein with an expression pattern highly correlated with auxin distribution and is enriched in shoot and root apical meristems, lateral root primordia, the vascular system, and the concave side of the apical hook. The choline transporter-like 1 (CTL1) protein is localized to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), prevacuolar compartment (PVC), and plasma membrane (PM). Disruption of CTL1 gene expression alters the trafficking of 2 auxin efflux transporters—Arabidopsis PM-located auxin efflux transporter PIN-formed 1 (PIN1) and Arabidopsis PM-located auxin efflux transporter PIN-formed 3 (PIN3)—to the PM, thereby affecting auxin distribution and plant growth and development. We further found that phospholipids, sphingolipids, and other membrane lipids were significantly altered in the ctl1 mutant, linking CTL1 function to lipid homeostasis. We propose that CTL1 regulates protein sorting from the TGN to the PM through its function in lipid homeostasis. Auxin, a plant hormone, controls many aspects of plant growth and development. The precise transport and distribution of auxin hold the key to its function. A number of transport proteins are known to be involved in auxin translocation, and the PIN proteins, which are an integral part of membranes in plants, play a pivotal role in this process. Several PIN proteins are localized in the plasma membrane to mediate auxin efflux from cells, but their regulation is not well known. In this report, we analyze the role of a choline transport protein, choline transporter-like 1 (CTL1), and find that it controls the trafficking of Arabidopsis PM-located auxin efflux transporter PIN-formed 1 (PIN1) and Arabidopsis PM-located auxin efflux transporter PIN-formed 3 (PIN3) to the plasma membrane, thereby regulating auxin distribution during plant growth and development. In addition, we show that CTL1 has a role in lipid homeostasis in the membrane; thus, these findings provide a mechanistic link between choline transport, lipid homeostasis, and vesicle trafficking in plants. We conclude that CTL1 is a new factor in secretory protein sorting and that this finding contributes to the understanding of not only auxin distribution in plants but also protein trafficking in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumei Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Yanping Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaning Cui
- Key Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jisen Shi
- Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (WL); (SL)
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WL); (SL)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Di Sansebastiano GP, Barozzi F, Piro G, Denecke J, de Marcos Lousa C. Trafficking routes to the plant vacuole: connecting alternative and classical pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 69:79-90. [PMID: 29096031 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the numerous roles plant vacuoles play in cell homeostasis, detoxification, and protein storage, the trafficking pathways to this organelle have been extensively studied. Recent evidence, however, suggests that our vision of transport to the vacuole is not as simple as previously imagined. Alternative routes have been identified and are being characterized. Intricate interconnections between routes seem to occur in various cases, complicating the interpretation of data. In this review, we aim to summarize the published evidence and link the emerging data with previous findings. We discuss the current state of information on alternative and classical trafficking routes to the plant vacuole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barozzi
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, Italy
| | - Gabriella Piro
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, Italy
| | | | - Carine de Marcos Lousa
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Leeds University, UK
- Leeds Beckett University, School of Applied and Clinical Sciences, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Brillada C, Rojas-Pierce M. Vacuolar trafficking and biogenesis: a maturation in the field. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 40:77-81. [PMID: 28865974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The vacuole is a prominent organelle that is essential for plant viability. The vacuole size, and its role in ion homeostasis, protein degradation and storage, place significant demands for trafficking of vacuolar cargo along the endomembrane system. Recent studies indicate that sorting of vacuolar cargo initiates at the ER and Golgi, but not the trans-Golgi network/early endosome, as previously thought. Furthermore, maturation of the trans-Golgi network into pre-vacuolar compartments seems to contribute to a major route for plant vacuolar traffic that works by bulk flow and ends with membrane fusion between the pre-vacuolar compartment and the tonoplast. Here we summarize recent evidence that indicates conserved and plant-specific mechanisms involved in sorting and trafficking of proteins to this major organelle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Brillada
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Marcela Rojas-Pierce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|