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Li H, Zeng Y, Zi J, Hu Y, Ma G, Wang X, Shan S, Cheng G, Xiong J. Dietary Flavonoids Consumption and Health: An Umbrella Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2300727. [PMID: 38813726 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE The current evidence between dietary flavonoids consumption and multiple health outcomes is inadequate and inconclusive. To summarize and evaluate the evidence for dietary flavonoids consumption and multiple health outcomes, an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews is conducted. METHODS AND RESULTS PubMed, Ovid-EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews are searched up to January 2024. The study includes a total of 32 articles containing 24 unique health outcomes in this umbrella review. Meta-analyses are recalculated by using a random effects model. Separate analyses are performed based on the kind of different flavonoid subclasses. The study finds some unique associations such as flavonol and gastric cancer, isoflavone and uterine fibroids and endometrial cancer, total flavonoids consumption and lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer. Overall, the study confirms the negative associations between dietary flavonoids consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and mortality, while positive associations are observed for prostate cancer and uterine fibroids. CONCLUSION Although dietary flavonoids are significantly associated with many outcomes, firm generalizable conclusions about their beneficial or harmful effects cannot be drawn because of the low certainty of evidence for most of outcomes. More well-designed primary studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Li
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yaxian Zeng
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zi
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guochen Ma
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shufang Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Kozłowska A, Nitsch-Osuch A. Anthocyanins and Type 2 Diabetes: An Update of Human Study and Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1674. [PMID: 38892607 PMCID: PMC11174612 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are phenolic compounds occurring in fruits and vegetables. Evidence from pre-clinical studies indicates their role in glucose level regulation, gut microbiota improvement, and inflammation reduction under diabetic conditions. Therefore, incorporating these research advancements into clinical practice would significantly improve the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. This narrative review provides a concise overview of 18 findings from recent clinical research published over the last 5 years that investigate the therapeutic effects of dietary anthocyanins on diabetes. Anthocyanin supplementation has been shown to have a regulatory effect on fasting blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, and other diabetes-related indicators. Furthermore, increased anthocyanin dosages had more favorable implications for diabetes treatment. This review provides evidence that an anthocyanin-rich diet can improve diabetes outcomes, especially in at-risk groups. Future research should focus on optimal intervention duration, consider multiple clinical biomarkers, and analyze anthocyanin effects among well-controlled versus poorly controlled groups of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kozłowska
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
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Thompson AS, Jennings A, Bondonno NP, Tresserra-Rimbau A, Parmenter BH, Hill C, Perez-Cornago A, Kühn T, Cassidy A. Higher habitual intakes of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods are associated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes in the UK Biobank cohort. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:32. [PMID: 38778045 PMCID: PMC11111454 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the associations of a diet high in flavonoid-rich foods, as reflected by a "Flavodiet Score" (FDS), the major individual food contributors to flavonoid intake, and flavonoid subclasses with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in the UK Biobank cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Flavonoid intakes were estimated from ≥2 dietary assessments among 113,097 study participants [age at enrolment: 56 ± 8 years; 57% female] using the U.S Department of Agriculture (USDA) databases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate associations between dietary exposures and T2D. RESULTS During 12 years of follow-up, 2628 incident cases of T2D were identified. A higher FDS (compared to lower [Q4 vs. Q1]), characterised by an average of 6 servings of flavonoid-rich foods per day, was associated with a 26% lower T2D risk [HR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66-0.84), ptrend = <0.001]. Mediation analyses showed that lower body fatness and basal inflammation, as well as better kidney and liver function partially explain this association. In food-based analyses, higher intakes of black or green tea, berries, and apples were significantly associated with 21%, 15%, and 12% lower T2D risk. Among individual flavonoid subclasses, 19-28% lower risks of T2D were observed among those with the highest, compared to lowest intakes. CONCLUSIONS A higher consumption of flavonoid-rich foods was associated with lower T2D risk, potentially mediated by benefits to obesity/sugar metabolism, inflammation, kidney and liver function. Achievable increases in intakes of specific flavonoid-rich foods have the potential to reduce T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha S Thompson
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Amy Jennings
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08921, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benjamin H Parmenter
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Claire Hill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tilman Kühn
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Vienna, Austria.
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Martchenko A, Papaelias A, Bolz SS. Physiologic effects of the maqui berry ( Aristotelia chilensis): a focus on metabolic homeostasis. Food Funct 2024; 15:4724-4740. [PMID: 38618933 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence and socioeconomic impact of metabolic diseases is rapidly growing. The limited availability of effective and affordable treatments has fuelled interest in the therapeutic potential of natural compounds as they occur in selected food sources. These compounds might help to better manage the current problems of treatment availability, affordability, and adverse effects that, in combination, limit treatment duration and efficacy at present. Specifically, berries garnered interest given a strong epidemiological link between their consumption and improved metabolic functions, making the analysis of their phytochemical composition and the identification and characterization of biologically active ingredients an emerging area of research. In this regard, the present review focuses on the South American maqui berry Aristotelia chilensis, which has been extensively used by the indigenous Mapuche population for generations to treat a variety of disease conditions. An overview of the maqui plant composition precedes a review of pre-clinical and clinical studies that investigated the effects of maqui berries and their major components on metabolic homeostasis. The final part of the review highlights possible technologies to conserve maqui berry structural and functional integrity during passage through the small intestine, ultimately aiming to augment their systemic and luminal bioavailability and biological effects. The integration of the various aspects discussed herein can assist in the development of effective maqui-based therapies to benefit the growing population of metabolically compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martchenko
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Papaelias
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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5
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Drewnowski A. A novel Nutrient Rich Food (NRFa11.3) score uses flavonoids and carotenoids to identify antioxidant-rich spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruit. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1386328. [PMID: 38699550 PMCID: PMC11063353 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1386328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nutrient profiling (NP) models designed to evaluate the healthfulness of plant-based foods ought to incorporate bioactive phytochemicals. Herbs and spices are one food group of current interest. Methods Two new versions of the well-established Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) index were applied to spices, herbs, vegetables, fruit, and other plant-based foods. Analyses used the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) SR-28 nutrient composition database merged with the USDA Expanded Flavonoid database 3.3. The NRF4.3 model was based on protein, fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. The NRFa11.3 model was based on micronutrients with reported antioxidant activity (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, copper, and zinc), carotenoids (alpha and beta carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein/zeaxantin) and flavonoids. Saturated fat, added sugar, and sodium were nutrients to limit. The NRF algorithm was based on sums of percent daily values (%DVs) capped at 100%. Results The NRF4.3 model awarded high scores to herbs and spices, cocoa powder, and nuts, but did not discriminate well among vegetables and fruit. The NRFa11.3 model performed better. Green leafy, red orange and cruciferous vegetables had the highest carotenoid content. Highest in flavonoids were cocoa powder, herbs and spices, and berries. Highest combined NRFa11.3 values were observed for herbs and spices, green leafy vegetables, cocoa, nuts, and red-orange and cruciferous vegetables. Discussion Fresh and dry herbs and spices, often ignored by NP models, were particularly nutrient-rich and may provide non-negligible amounts of key phytonutrients to the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Drewnowski
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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6
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Zhang L, Muscat JE, Kris-Etherton PM, Chinchilli VM, Al-Shaar L, Richie JP. The Epidemiology of Berry Consumption and Association of Berry Consumption with Diet Quality and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in United States Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2018. J Nutr 2024; 154:1014-1026. [PMID: 38242289 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berries are rich in important nutrients and bioactive compounds, which could potentially contribute to maintenance of normal lipid and glucose profiles. OBJECTIVE We reported the epidemiology of berry consumption and examined associations of berry consumption with diet quality [measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015)] and levels of cardiometabolic risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), glycated hemoglobin, and fasting biomarkers: triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). METHODS We evaluated 33,082 adults (aged ≥20 y) using two 24-h diet recalls from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2018). Multivariable linear regression models were applied to examine the associations of total and individual berry intake with diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors using appropriate sample weights. RESULTS Approximately 25 % of the United States adults consumed berries (0.08 ± 0.003 cup-equivalents/d), representing ∼10 % of the daily mean total fruit intake. Among berry consumers, the mean intake of strawberries (0.31 ± 0.01 cup-equivalents) was higher than for other berries. Berry consumers had a significantly higher HEI-2015 score than nonconsumers (mean HEI-2015 score = 58.8 compared with 52.3, P < 0.0001). Berry consumers had significantly lower concentrations of cardiometabolic indices than nonconsumers, including BMI, WC, SBP, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and higher mean HDL cholesterol, after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary confounders (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS United States adult berry consumers had a higher diet quality and lower concentrations of cardiometabolic risk factors, suggesting a favorable role for berries in diets and cardiometabolic disease prevention in United States adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States.
| | - Joshua E Muscat
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States.
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Vernon M Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Laila Al-Shaar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - John P Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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7
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Zhang L, Muscat JE, Chinchilli VM, Kris-Etherton PM, Al-Shaar L, Richie JP. Consumption of Berries and Flavonoids in Relation to Mortality in NHANES, 1999-2014. J Nutr 2024; 154:734-743. [PMID: 38184200 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berries are foods that are abundant in nutrients, especially flavonoids, that promote good health; however, the effects of total berries on mortality are not well characterized. OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether intakes of total berries and specific berry types including blueberries, strawberries, cranberries, flavonoids, and subclasses of flavonoids (anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and isoflavones) in relation to mortality risk in United States adults. METHODS A nationally representative sample of the United States adult population was obtained using data from the 1994-2014 NHANES (n = 37,232). Intake of berries was estimated using 24-h food recalls (1999-2014), and flavonoids intake was calculated using the matched USDA's expanded flavonoid database. Mortality outcomes based on 8 y of follow-up were obtained using linked death certificates. RESULTS Compared with nonconsumers, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.79 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.7, 0.89] for any berry consumption, 0.86 (0.75, 0.99) for strawberry consumption 0.79 (0.66, 0.95) for blueberries, and 0.69 (0.51, 0.93) for cranberries. Compared with the lower median of intake, risk of all-cause mortality for greater intake was 0.85 (0.74, 0.97) for total flavonoids, 0.85 (0.76, 0.95) for anthocyanidins, 0.9 (0.82, 0.99) for flavan-3-ols, 0.89 (0.79, 0.9) for flavanols, and 0.89 (0.8, 0.99) for flavones. There was a dose-response relationship between intakes of total flavonoids, anthocyanidins, and flavones and lower all-cause mortality risks (Ptrend < 0.05). Risk for cardiometabolic mortality was 0.75 (0.58, 0.98) for berry consumers and 0.49 (0.25, 0.98) for cranberry consumers. For respiratory disease mortality, risk was 0.41 (0.2, 0.86), compared with blueberry nonconsumers. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of berries and flavonoids were associated with a lower overall mortality risk in adult Americans. Few adults regularly consume berries, indicating that increased intake of berries and flavonoid-rich foods may be beneficial to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States.
| | - Joshua E Muscat
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Vernon M Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Laila Al-Shaar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - John P Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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Xiang L, Wu D, Xu Z, Tang Y, He H, Wang Y, Gu H, Peng L. Association between Dietary Anthocyanidins and Biliary Cancer Risk in 98,458 Participants: Results from a Prospective Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:151-157. [PMID: 37938800 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested anthocyanidins or anthocyanidin-rich foods and extracts exhibit protective effects against various cancers. However, the relationship between dietary anthocyanidins and the risk of biliary cancer remains uncertain. METHODS This study used data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial to investigate the relationship between total anthocyanidins intake and biliary cancer incidence. Cox regression analysis was conducted to estimate HRs and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the incidence of biliary cancer, with adjustments made for confounding factors. A restricted cubic spline model was employed to examine the dose-response relationship. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate potential interactions and test the model's robustness. RESULTS During 8.9 years and 872,645.3 person-years of follow-up, 95 cases of biliary cancer were observed. The incidence rate of biliary cancer in this study was 11 cases per 100,000 person-years. Using the fully adjusted Cox regression model, the inverse association was observed between total anthocyanidins intake and the risk of biliary cancer (HR Q4 vs..Q1: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.91; Ptrend = 0.043). This association remained significant in sensitivity analyses. A linear dose-response relationship (Pnonlinearity = 0.118) and potential interaction with drinking status (Pinteraction = 0.033) were identified. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of an inverse association between total anthocyanidins intake and biliary cancer incidence. IMPACT Our study found a total anthocyanidin-rich diet was associated with a reduced risk of biliary cancer in Americans ages 55 to 74 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Dabin Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiquan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yunhao Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yaxu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Linglong Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Kanner J. Food Polyphenols as Preventive Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2103. [PMID: 38136222 PMCID: PMC10740609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the initiators in foods and in the stomach of oxidized dietary lipids, proteins, and lipid-oxidation end-products (ALEs), inducing in humans the development of several chronic diseases and cancer. Epidemiological, human clinical and animal studies supported the role of dietary polyphenols and derivatives in prevention of development of such chronic diseases. There is much evidence that polyphenols/derivatives at the right timing and concentration, which is critical, acts mostly in the aerobic stomach and generally in the gastrointestinal tract as reducing agents, scavengers of free radicals, trappers of reactive carbonyls, modulators of enzyme activity, generators of beneficial gut microbiota and effectors of cellular signaling. In the blood system, at low concentration, they act as generators of electrophiles and low concentration of H2O2, acting mostly as cellular signaling, activating the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/eNOS pathways and inhibiting the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, inducing the cells, organs and organism for eustress, adaptation and surviving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kanner
- Department of Food Science, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan 7505101, Israel; or
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrtion, Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190501, Israel
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10
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Liu Y, Wang Q, Wu K, Sun Z, Tang Z, Li X, Zhang B. Anthocyanins' effects on diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12102-12125. [PMID: 35822311 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus is dramatically increasing every year, causing a huge global burden. Moreover, existing anti-diabetic drugs inevitably bring adverse reactions, and the application of islet transplantation is often limited by the damage caused by oxidative stress after transplantation. Thus, new approaches are needed to combat the growing burden of diabetes mellitus. Anthocyanins are of great nutritional interest and have been documented that have beneficial effects on chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Here, we describe the health effects of anthocyanins on diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that moderate intake of anthocyanins leading to a reduction in risk of diabetes mellitus. Numerous experiments both animal and clinical studies also showed positive effects of anthocyanins on prevention and treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. These effects of anthocyanins may be related to mechanisms of improving glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, damage and function of pancreatic islets after transplantation are also improved by anthocyanins. These findings suggest that daily intake of anthocyanins may not only improve nutritional metabolism in healthy individuals to prevent from diabetes, but also as a supplementary treatment of diabetes mellitus and islet transplantation. Thus, more evidence is needed to better understand the potential health benefits of anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Kangze Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouyi Sun
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Quek YY, Cheng LJ, Ng YX, Hey HWD, Wu XV. Effectiveness of anthocyanin-rich foods on bone remodeling biomarkers of middle-aged and older adults at risk of osteoporosis: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Nutr Rev 2023:nuad121. [PMID: 37796900 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Current osteoporosis pharmacological treatment has undesirable side effects. There is increasing focus on naturally derived food substances that contain phytonutrients with antioxidant effects in promoting health and regulating immune response. OBJECTIVE This review aims to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of anthocyanin-rich foods on bone remodeling biomarkers in middle-aged and older adults (≥40 y old) at risk of osteoporosis. DATA SOURCES Randomized controlled trials were searched on 8 bibliographic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) is exhibited from osteoblastic cells that gathered osteoclasts to bone sites for bone resorption, accelerating bone loss. Anthocyanin-rich food consumption showed statistically nonsignificant effects, with no substantial heterogeneity on bone remodeling biomarkers. However, there was a significant increase in lumbar spine L1-L4 bone mineral density. Mild-to-small effects were seen to largely favor the consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods. Berries (d = -0.44) have a larger effect size of RANKL than plums (d = 0.18), with statistically significant subgroup differences. Random-effects meta-regression found body mass index, total attrition rate, total energy, and dietary carbohydrate and fat intake were significant covariates for the effect size of RANKL. All outcomes had low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION Anthocyanin-rich foods may improve bone health in middle-aged and older adults at risk of osteoporosis. This review contributes to the growing interest in nutrient-rich foods as a low-cost and modifiable alternative to promote human health and reduce disease burden. Future high-quality studies with larger sample sizes and longer treatment durations are required to fully understand the effect of anthocyanin-rich foods on bone health. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022367136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yi Quek
- Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ling Jie Cheng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Xuan Ng
- Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Hwee Weng Dennis Hey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Spine Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xi Vivien Wu
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Mao T, Akshit FNU, Mohan MS. Effects of anthocyanin supplementation in diet on glycemic and related cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1199815. [PMID: 37810926 PMCID: PMC10556752 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1199815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis based on RCTs on the effects of anthocyanins on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the effect on T2DM-related cardiovascular disease. Methods RCTs published in English from five electronic databases were evaluated for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose, fasting insulin, model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. The quality of the studies was rated (Cochrane Risk of Bias tool) and weighted mean differences were calculated (DerSimonian-Laird model with random effects). Leave-one-out sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were conducted. The strength of the evidence was rated according to the GRADE guidelines. Results In all, 13 RCTs were analyzed out of the 239 identified studies, with a duration longer than 4 weeks (703 participants with T2DM). Our findings indicate that a median dose of 320 mg/day anthocyanins, either from fruit extracts or pure supplements, for a median intervention length of 8 weeks significantly reduced HbA1c [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) -0.31, p = 0.00], FBG (WMD -0.63, p = 0.00), 2-h postprandial glucose (WMD -1.60, p = 0.00), TG (WMD -0.45, p = 0.01), and LDL (WMD -0.26 p = 0.02). However, the effects of anthocyanins on fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in patients with T2DM were not statistically significant. Anthocyanins from fruit extracts or powder exhibited a higher reduction of HbA1c compared to pure anthocyanin supplements. Conclusion The significant improvements in glycemic parameters and lipid profile, suggest the benefits of anthocyanins, especially from fruit extract or powder, in the management of T2DM, and their ability to delay the onset of lipid disorder-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease associated with T2DM. The mechanism behind this reduction in glycemic markers could be attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of anthocyanins. Further research with well-designed RCTs is required to determine the optimal dosage of anthocyanins for the treatment of T2DM and to comprehend the consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maneesha S. Mohan
- Alfred Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
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13
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Zhou Y, Xu P, Qin S, Zhu Y, Gu K. The associations between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 and 2017-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250410. [PMID: 37664856 PMCID: PMC10474301 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prominent health concern worldwide, leading to the high incidence of disability and mortality and bringing in heavy healthcare and social burden. Plant-based diets are reported associated with a reduction of DM risk. Plant-based diets are rich in flavonoids, which possess properties such as scavenging free radicals and exerting both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Purpose However, whether dietary flavonoids are associated with the prevalence of DM remains controversial. The potential reasons for contradictory epidemiological outcomes on the association between dietary flavonoids and DM prevalence have not been determined. Methods To address these limitations, we employed data from 22,481 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to explore the association between the intake of flavonoids and DM prevalence by weighted Logistic regression and weighted restricted cubic splines. Results We found that the prevalence of DM was inversely associated with the intake of total flavonoids in the second quartile [Odds Ratio (OR) 0.78 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.63, 0.97), p = 0.028], in the third quartile [0.76 (0.60, 0.97), p = 0.031], and in the fourth quartile [0.80 (0.65, 0.97), p = 0.027]. However, the p for trend was not significant [0.94 (0.88, 1.01), p = 0.096]. Moreover, the association between DM prevalence and the intake of total flavonoids was significantly influenced by race (p for interaction = 0.006). In Mexican Americans, there was a significant positive association between DM prevalence and total flavonoid intake within the third quartile [1.04 (1.02, 1.07), p = 0.003]. Total flavan-3-ol and subtotal catechin intake exhibited a non-linear U-shaped association with DM prevalence (p for non-linearity < 0.0001 and p for non-linearity < 0.0001, respectively). Compared to the first quartile of corresponding intakes, consumption within the third quartile of subtotal catechins [0.70 (0.55, 0.89), p = 0.005] and total flavan-3-ols [0.65 (0.50, 0.84), p = 0.002] was associated with a lower prevalence of DM. Conclusion Taken together, our study may provide preliminary research evidence for personalized improvement of dietary habits to reduce the prevalence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Shaolei Qin
- Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Gu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Song W, Yuan Q, Wang Y, Mai M, Luo M, Guo H. Anthocyanin supplementation improves obesity-related inflammatory characteristics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Res 2023; 116:1-11. [PMID: 37320946 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between anthocyanin intake and obesity-related inflammatory markers remains unclear in existing research. To investigate this, we hypothesized that anthocyanin supplementation could reduce plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and other cytokines in obesity. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SinoMed, and other related literature and identified 16 randomized controlled trials that met our inclusion criteria. Our findings showed that anthocyanin intake was significantly associated with a reduction in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mean plasma concentrations (-53.56 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], -82.10 to -25.03). We also observed a modest decrease in CRP (-0.27 ng/mL; 95% CI, -0.58 to 0.05), TNF-α (-0.20 ng/mL; 95% CI, -0.54 to 0.15), and IL-6 (-0.53 ng/mL; 95% CI, -1.16 to 0.10) mean plasma concentrations. Subgroup analysis revealed that anthocyanin intake tended to decrease CRP and IL-6 concentrations in overweight or dyslipidemic individuals. Additionally, the intervention duration subgroup analysis showed that anthocyanin supplementation had a stronger effect on plasma IL-6 and TNF-α in participants after 8 to 12 weeks of intervention. In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated that anthocyanin supplementation can effectively reduce obesity-related inflammatory markers associated with chronic low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhan Song
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Meiqing Mai
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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15
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Bekele TH, Trijsburg L, Brouwer ID, de Vries JH, Covic N, Kennedy G, Alemayehu D, Feskens EJ. Dietary Recommendations for Ethiopians on the Basis of Priority Diet-Related Diseases and Causes of Death in Ethiopia: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:895-913. [PMID: 37182739 PMCID: PMC10334157 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) need to be evidence-based. As part of the development of Ethiopian FBDG, we conducted an umbrella review to develop dietary recommendations. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), deficiencies of vitamin A, zinc, calcium, or folate, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were selected as a priority. Systematic reviews were eligible if they investigated the impact of foods, food groups, diet, or dietary patterns on priority diseases. After a search, 1513 articles were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar published from January 2014 to December 2021. The results showed that 19 out of 164 systematic reviews reported the impact of diet on PEM or micronutrient deficiencies. Daily 30-90 g whole-grain consumption reduces risk of CVD and T2DM. Pulses improve protein status, and consuming 50-150 g/d is associated with a reduced incidence of CVD and T2DM. Nuts are a good source of minerals, and consuming 15-35 g/d improves antioxidant status and is inversely associated with CVD risk. A daily intake of 200-300 mL of milk and dairy foods is a good source of calcium and contributes to bone mineral density. Limiting processed meat intake to <50 g/d reduces CVD risk. Fruits and vegetables are good sources of vitamins A and C. CVD and T2DM risks are reduced by consuming 200-300 g of vegetables plus fruits daily. Daily sugar consumption should be below 10% of total energy to lower risk of obesity, CVD, and T2DM. Plant-based fat has favorable nutrient profiles and modest saturated fat content. The association of saturated fatty acids with CVD and T2DM is inconclusive, but intake should be limited because of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-raising effect. Plant-based diets lower risk of CVD and T2DM but reduce micronutrient bioavailability. The review concludes with 9 key dietary recommendations proposed to be implemented in the Ethiopian FBDG. This review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42019125490).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Hailu Bekele
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge D Brouwer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Hm de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Namukolo Covic
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gina Kennedy
- Knowledge Leadership, Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dawit Alemayehu
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edith Jm Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Bartel I, Koszarska M, Strzałkowska N, Tzvetkov NT, Wang D, Horbańczuk JO, Wierzbicka A, Atanasov AG, Jóźwik A. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside as a Nutrigenomic Factor in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Prominent Impact on Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119765. [PMID: 37298715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for a global health problem. It is a complex disease as a result of the combination of environmental as well as genetic factors. Morbidity is still increasing across the world. One of the possibilities for the prevention and mitigation of the negative consequences of type 2 diabetes is a nutritional diet rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. This review is focused on cyanidin-3-O-glucosidase (C3G), which belongs to the anthocyanins subclass, and its anti-diabetic properties. There are numerous pieces of evidence that C3G exerts positive effects on diabetic parameters, including in vitro and in vivo studies. It is involved in alleviating inflammation, reducing blood glucose, controlling postprandial hyperglycemia, and gene expression related to the development of T2D. C3G is one of the beneficial polyphenolic compounds that may help to overcome the public health problems associated with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Bartel
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Magdalena Koszarska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Nina Strzałkowska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jarosław O Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
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17
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Neyestani TR, Yari Z, Rasekhi H, Nikooyeh B. How effective are anthocyanins on healthy modification of cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:106. [PMID: 37221605 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this meta-analysis, findings from recent studies on the preventive properties of anthocyanins (ACN) against cardiovascular disease are summarized. METHODS MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched and 2512 studies were found in a preliminary search. After screening of titles and abstracts, 47 studies met the inclusion criteria (randomized clinical trial design and sufficient data of outcomes). Studies were excluded based on the following criteria: incomplete data; obscurely reported outcomes, or lack of control groups; and animal studies. RESULTS The results showed that intervention with ACNs resulted in a significant decrease in body mass index ((MD),- 0.21; 95% CI, - 0.38, - 0.04; P < 0.001) and body fat mass (MD: - 0.3%, 95% CI - 0.42 to - 0.18%, p < 0.001). Pooled data comparing ACN with control showed statistically significant effect on fasting blood sugar and HbA1c. However, the reductions were significantly more in the subjects with type 2 diabetes and in those who used ACN as supplement/extract. The subgroup analysis test showed that there was a significant effect of ACN on triglyceride concentrations, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations in all subgroups of participants (with vs. without dyslipidemia at baseline) and intervention type (supplement/extract vs. food). However, we did not observe any significant effect on apo A and apo B concentrations. CONCLUSIONS ACN intake in the forms of natural foods and supplements can induce healthy changes in body fat mass, glycemic and lipidemic status and these effects are more prominent in the subjects with above-normal values. This meta-analysis was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/Prospero (Registration no. CRD42021286466).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirang R Neyestani
- Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198161957, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198161957, Iran
| | - Hamid Rasekhi
- Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198161957, Iran
| | - Bahareh Nikooyeh
- Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198161957, Iran.
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Rust BM, Riordan JO, Carbonero FG, Solverson PM. One-Week Elderberry Juice Treatment Increases Carbohydrate Oxidation after a Meal Tolerance Test and Is Well Tolerated in Adults: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2072. [PMID: 37432227 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in the United States continues to worsen. Anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables provide a pragmatic dietary approach to slow its metabolic complications. Given American diet patterns, foods with high anthocyanin content could address dose-response challenges. The study objective was to determine the effect of 100% elderberry juice on measures of indirect calorimetry (IC) and insulin sensitivity/glucose tolerance in a placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover pilot study. Overweight and obese adults were randomized to a 5-week study which included 2 1-week periods of twice-daily elderberry juice (EBJ) or sugar-matched placebo consumption separated by a 3-week washout period. Following each 1-week test period, IC and insulin sensitivity/glucose tolerance was measured with a 3 h meal tolerance test (MTT). Treatment differences were tested with linear mixed modeling. A total of 22 prospective study volunteers (18 F/4 M) attended recruitment meetings, and 9 were analyzed for treatment differences. EBJ was well tolerated and compliance was 99.6%. A total of 6 IC measures (intervals) were created, which coincided with 10-20 min gaseous samplings in-between MTT blood samplings. Average CHO oxidation was significantly higher during the MTT after 1-week EBJ consumption (3.38 vs. 2.88 g per interval, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0113). Conversely, average fat oxidation was significantly higher during the MTT after 1-week placebo consumption (1.17 vs. 1.47 g per interval, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0189). This was in-line with a significantly lower average respiratory quotient after placebo treatment (0.87 vs. 0.84, EBJ vs. placebo, p = 0.0114). Energy expenditure was not different. There was no difference in serum glucose or insulin response between treatments. This pilot study of free-living volunteers describes significant change in IC but not insulin sensitivity with an EBJ intervention. Controlled feeding and increased sample size will help determine the utility of EBJ on these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret M Rust
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph O Riordan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Franck G Carbonero
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Patrick M Solverson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
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Šedbarė R, Janulis V, Ramanauskiene K. Formulation and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Capsules Containing Freeze-Dried Cranberry Fruit Powder. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1397. [PMID: 36987086 PMCID: PMC10057423 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cranberry fruits are an important source of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of excipients on the solubility of cranberry anthocyanins and their dissolution kinetics as well as on the disintegration time of the capsules. Selected excipients (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, beta-cyclodextrin and chitosan) were found to affect the solubility and release kinetics of anthocyanins in freeze-dried cranberry powder. Capsule formulations N1-N9 had a disintegration time of less than 10 min, and capsule formulation N10 containing 0.200 g of freeze-dried cranberry powder, 0.100 g of Prosolv (combination of microcrystalline cellulose and colloidal silicon dioxide), and 0.100 g of chitosan had a capsule disintegration time of over 30 min. The total amount of anthocyanins released into the acceptor medium ranged from 1.26 ± 0.06 mg to 1.56 ± 0.03 mg. Capsule dissolution test data showed that the time to release into the acceptor medium was statistically significantly longer for the chitosan-containing capsule formulations compared to the control capsules (p < 0.05). Freeze-dried cranberry fruit powder is a potential source of anthocyanin-rich dietary supplements, and the choice of excipient chitosan could be a suitable solution in capsule formulations providing greater anthocyanin stability and modified release in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Šedbarė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Kristina Ramanauskiene
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Glucoregulatory Properties of Fermented Soybean Products. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, the prevalence of which is on the rise worldwide. Fermented soybean products (FSP) are rich in diverse functional ingredients which have been shown to exhibit therapeutic properties in alleviating hyperglycemia. This review summarizes the hypoglycemic actions of FSP from the perspective of different target-related molecular signaling mechanisms in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. FSP can ameliorate glucose metabolism disorder by functioning as carbohydrate digestive enzyme inhibitors, facilitating glucose transporter 4 translocation, accelerating muscular glucose utilization, inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, ameliorating pancreatic dysfunction, relieving adipose tissue inflammation, and improving gut microbiota disorder. Sufficiently recognizing and exploiting the hypoglycemic activity of traditional fermented soybean foods could provide a new strategy in the development of the food fermentation industry.
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Sun M, Li D, Hua M, Miao X, Su Y, Chi Y, Li Y, Sun R, Niu H, Wang J. Analysis of the alleviating effect of black bean peel anthocyanins on type 2 diabetes based on gut microbiota and serum metabolome. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Anthocyanins: Potential Therapeutic Approaches towards Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031237. [PMID: 36770906 PMCID: PMC9919338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are present in about three-quarters of the adult population in Mexico. The inflammatory mechanisms subjacent to visceral white adipose tissue are accountable for the initiation and development of cardiometabolic alterations, including type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes are pillars within its therapeutics and, thus, current dietary modifications should include not only hypocaloric prescriptions with balanced macronutrient intake, preferably by increasing the amount of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, but in concomitance, bioactive substances, such as anthocyanins, have been correlated with lower incidence of this disease.
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de Oliveira MS, Pellenz FM, de Souza BM, Crispim D. Blueberry Consumption and Changes in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010019. [PMID: 36676944 PMCID: PMC9861336 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are key mechanisms involved in obesity and related disorders. Polyphenols from blueberry (BB) and bilberries (BiB) might protect against oxidative damage and inflammation. To summarize the effects of BiB or BB consumption in parameters related to obesity and its comorbidities, a search of the literature was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library repositories to identify all studies that evaluated associations of whole BB or BiB with obesity and associated disorders. Thirty-one studies were eligible for inclusion in this review: eight clinical trials and 23 animal studies. In humans, BB consumption only consistently decreased oxidative stress and improved endothelial function. In rodents, BB or BiB consumption caused positive effects on glucose tolerance, nuclear factor-kappa B (Nf-κb) activity, oxidative stress, and triglyceride (TG) content in the liver and hepatic steatosis. The high content of anthocyanins present in BB and BiB seems to attenuate oxidative stress. The decrease in oxidative stress may have a positive impact on glucose tolerance and endothelial function. Moreover, in rodents, these berries seem to protect against hepatic steatosis, through the decreased accumulation of hepatic TGs. BB and BiB might also attenuate inflammation by decreasing Nf-κb activity and immune cell recruitment into the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Souza de Oliveira
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mateus Pellenz
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Marmontel de Souza
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Behind the Scenes of Anthocyanins-From the Health Benefits to Potential Applications in Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Fields. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235133. [PMID: 36501163 PMCID: PMC9738495 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are widespread and biologically active water-soluble phenolic pigments responsible for a wide range of vivid colours, from red (acidic conditions) to purplish blue (basic conditions), present in fruits, vegetables, and coloured grains. The pigments' stability and colours are influenced mainly by pH but also by structure, temperature, and light. The colour-stabilizing mechanisms of plants are determined by inter- and intramolecular co-pigmentation and metal complexation, driven by van der Waals, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and metal-ligand interactions. This group of flavonoids is well-known to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which explains the biological effects associated with them. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the role of anthocyanins as natural colorants, showing they are less harmful than conventional colorants, with several technological potential applications in different industrial fields, namely in the textile and food industries, as well as in the development of photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells, as new photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, pharmaceuticals, and in the cosmetic industry, mainly on the formulation of skin care formulations, sunscreen filters, nail colorants, skin & hair cleansing products, amongst others. In addition, we will unveil some of the latest studies about the health benefits of anthocyanins, mainly focusing on the protection against the most prevalent human diseases mediated by oxidative stress, namely cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes. The contribution of anthocyanins to visual health is also very relevant and will be briefly explored.
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Chen K, Gao Z, Ding Q, Tang C, Zhang H, Zhai T, Xie W, Jin Z, Zhao L, Liu W. Effect of natural polyphenols in Chinese herbal medicine on obesity and diabetes: Interactions among gut microbiota, metabolism, and immunity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962720. [PMID: 36386943 PMCID: PMC9651142 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With global prevalence, metabolic diseases, represented by obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have a huge burden on human health and medical expenses. It is estimated that obese population has doubled in recent 40 years, and population with diabetes will increase 1.5 times in next 25 years, which has inspired the pursuit of economical and effective prevention and treatment methods. Natural polyphenols are emerging as a class of natural bioactive compounds with potential beneficial effects on the alleviation of obesity and T2DM. In this review, we investigated the network interaction mechanism of "gut microbial disturbance, metabolic disorder, and immune imbalance" in both obesity and T2DM and systemically summarized their multiple targets in the treatment of obesity and T2DM, including enrichment of the beneficial gut microbiota (genera Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus) and upregulation of the levels of gut microbiota-derived metabolites [short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)] and bile acids (BAs). Moreover, we explored their effect on host glucolipid metabolism, the AMPK pathway, and immune modulation via the inhibition of pro-inflammatory immune cells (M1-like Mϕs, Th1, and Th17 cells); proliferation, recruitment, differentiation, and function; and related cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and MCP-1). We hope to provide evidence to promote the clinical application of natural polyphenols in the management of obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyou Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiangang Zhai
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weinan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zishan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Luo M, Mai M, Song W, Yuan Q, Feng X, Xia E, Guo H. The Antiaging Activities of Phytochemicals in Dark-Colored Plant Foods: Involvement of the Autophagy- and Apoptosis-Associated Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911038. [PMID: 36232338 PMCID: PMC9569742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, human life expectancy has increased by about 10 years, but this has not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in healthy lifespan. Aging is associated with a wide range of human disorders, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Delaying the aging of organs or tissues and improving the physiological functions of the elderly can reduce the risk of aging-related diseases. Autophagy and apoptosis are crucial mechanisms for cell survival and tissue homeostasis, and may also be primary aging-regulatory pathways. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that eating more colorful plant foods could increase life expectancy. Several representative phytochemicals in dark-colored plant foods such as quercetin, catechin, curcumin, anthocyanins, and lycopene have apparent antiaging potential. Nevertheless, the antiaging signaling pathways of the phytochemicals from dark-colored plant foods remain elusive. In the present review, we summarized autophagy- and apoptosis-associated targeting pathways of those phytochemicals and discussed the core targets involved in the antiaging effects. Further clinical evaluation and exploitation of phytochemicals as antiaging agents are needed to develop novel antiaging therapeutics for preventing age-related diseases and improving a healthy lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Meiqing Mai
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wanhan Song
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiaoling Feng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Enqin Xia
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-769-2289-6576
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Vaneková Z, Rollinger JM. Bilberries: Curative and Miraculous – A Review on Bioactive Constituents and Clinical Research. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:909914. [PMID: 35847049 PMCID: PMC9277355 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.909914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruits are an important part of local diets in many countries and are used as a medicinal herb to treat various disorders. Extracts from fruits are often a part of eye health-promoting supplements, whereas extracts from leaves are advertised for type 2 diabetes mellitus and glycemic control. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the phytochemical contents of bilberry fruits and leaves and their bioactivities, critically summarizes origins of the health claims and the outcome of clinical trials, with special attention towards those published in the past 10 years. Overall, the three most referenced indications, which are type 2 diabetes mellitus, vision disorders and circulatory diseases, all include contradictory results with no clear conclusion as to the benefits and recommended dosages. Moreover, the indications for vision disorders and diabetes originate from unproven or false claims that have been repeated in research since the 20th century without consistent fact-checking. Beneficial clinical results have been attested for the treatment of dyslipidemia and chronic inflammatory disorders when applied as dietary supplementation of fresh bilberries or as anthocyanin-rich bilberry fruit extracts. However, there is a general lack of double-blinded controlled research with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Vaneková
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Vaneková,
| | - Judith M. Rollinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cremonini E, Daveri E, Iglesias DE, Kang J, Wang Z, Gray R, Mastaloudis A, Kay CD, Hester SN, Wood SM, Fraga CG, Oteiza PI. A randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study on the effects of anthocyanins on inflammatory and metabolic responses to a high-fat meal in healthy subjects. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102273. [PMID: 35255426 PMCID: PMC8902616 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of supplementation with a cyanidin- and delphinidin-rich extract (CDRE) on the postprandial dysmetabolism, inflammation, and redox and insulin signaling, triggered by the consumption of a high fat meal (HFM) in healthy individuals. Participants (n = 25) consumed a 1026-kcal HFM simultaneously with either the CDRE providing 320.4 mg of anthocyanins (90% cyanidin and delphinidin) or placebo. Diets were randomly assigned in a double blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Blood was collected prior to (fasted, time 0), and for 5 h after meal consumption; plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated. AC metabolites were detected in serum as early as 30 min after CDRE consumption. The CDRE mitigated HFM-induced endotoxemia, reducing increases in plasma LPS and LPS-binding protein. The CDRE also reduced other events associated with HFM-triggered postprandial dysmetabolism including: i) plasma glucose and triglyceride increases; ii) TNFα and NOX4 upregulation in PBMC; and iii) JNK1/2 activation in PBMC. The CDRE did not significantly affect HFM-mediated increases in plasma insulin, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP, and LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, and IKK phosphorylation in PBMC. In summary, dietary AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, exerted beneficial actions against unhealthy diets by modulating the associated postprandial dysmetabolism, endotoxemia, alterations of glycemia and lipidemia, and redox and insulin signaling.
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Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM, Gonçalves da Silva T, Flores TR. Effects of blueberry and cranberry on type 2 diabetes parameters in individuals with or without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1093-1109. [PMID: 35282984 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Blueberry and cranberry are rich in polyphenols that are associated with diabetes reduction. This study aimed: 1) to systematically review the literature on the effects of blueberry and cranberry consumption and type 2 diabetes parameters in individuals with or without type 2 diabetes and 2) to quantify these effects by carrying out a meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using articles present in seven databases (PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase), including publications until May 2021. We included randomized clinical trials that compared blueberry or cranberry effects on type 2 diabetes parameters, such as fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin. Quality of the studies was performed using the Cochrane scale, while the Egger test assessed the publication bias and meta-regression the estimated effect sizes with potential moderator variables. From the 2034 studies identified, 39 were read in full and 22 were included in meta-analysis. In individuals with diabetes, the consumption of blueberry or cranberry significantly reduced fasting blood glucose [MD: -17.72 mg/dl; 95% CI: -29.62, -5.82; p = 0.03; I2 = 57%] and glycated hemoglobin [MD: -0.32%; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.07; p = 0.15; I2 = 39%], whereas for insulin resistance the effects were null. Results were not significant for the general population, except in the sensitivity analysis for fasting blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of blueberry and cranberry significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in individuals with diabetes, with high credibility of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taiciane Gonçalves da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Thaynã Ramos Flores
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Ameliorates Palmitic-Acid-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cell Dysfunction by Modulating CHOP-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091835. [PMID: 35565803 PMCID: PMC9103664 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural colorant with anti-diabetic properties, while its underlying mechanisms remain far from clear. Here, we investigated the protective role of C3G on palmitic acid (PA)-induced pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and further decipher its possible molecular mechanisms. Both primary isolated mouse islets and the INS-1E cell were used, and treated with a mixture of PA (0.5 mM) and C3G (12.5 µM, 25 µM, 50 µM) for different durations (12, 24, 48 h). We found that C3G could dose-dependently ameliorate beta cell secretory function and further alleviate cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, the primary role of the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway was detected by RNA sequencing, and the PERK-pathway-related protein expression, especially the pro-apoptotic marker C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, was significantly downregulated by C3G treatment. The critical role of CHOP in mediating the protective effect of C3G was further validated by small interfering RNA. Conclusively, C3G could ameliorate PA-induced pancreatic beta cell dysfunction targeting the CHOP-related ER stress pathway, which might be used as a nutritional intervention for the preservation of beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Li Z, Tian J, Cheng Z, Teng W, Zhang W, Bao Y, Wang Y, Song B, Chen Y, Li B. Hypoglycemic bioactivity of anthocyanins: A review on proposed targets and potential signaling pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7878-7895. [PMID: 35333674 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2055526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with complicated interrelationships responsible for initiating its pathogenesis. Novel strategies for the treatment of this devastating disease have attracted increasing attention worldwide. Anthocyanins are bioactive compounds that are widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and multiple studies have elucidated their beneficial role in preventing and managing T2DM. This review summarizes and comments on the hypoglycemic actions of anthocyanins from the perspective of molecular mechanisms and different target-related signaling pathways in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. Anthocyanins can ameliorate T2DM by functioning as carbohydrate digestive enzyme inhibitors, facilitating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation, suppressing the effectiveness of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), promoting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) overexpression, and interacting with sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) to delay glucose absorption in various organs and tissues. In summary, anthocyanin is a promising and practical small molecule that can hyperglycemic symptoms and accompanying complications suffered by patients with diabetes. However, rational and potent doses for daily intake and clinical studies are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Teng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiwen Bao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Baoge Song
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Shahwan M, Alhumaydhi F, Ashraf GM, Hasan PMZ, Shamsi A. Role of polyphenols in combating Type 2 Diabetes and insulin resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:567-579. [PMID: 35247420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Compromised carbohydrate metabolism leading to hyperglycemia is the primary metabolic disorder of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Reformed digestion and altered absorption of carbohydrates, exhaustion of glycogen stock, enhanced gluconeogenesis and overproduced hepatic glucose, dysfunction of β-cell, resistance to insulin in peripheral tissue, and impaired insulin signaling pathways are essential reasons for hyperglycemia. Although oral anti-diabetic drugs like α-glucosidase inhibitors, sulfonylureas and insulin therapies are commonly used to manage Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and hyperglycemia, natural compounds in diet also play a significant role in combating the effect of diabetes. Due to their vast bioavailability and anti-hyperglycemic effect with least or no side effects, polyphenolic compounds have gained wide popularity. Polyphenols such as flavonoids and tannins play a significant role in carbohydrate metabolism by inhibiting key enzymes responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates to glucose like α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Several polyphenols such as resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and quercetin enhanced glucose uptake in the muscle and adipocytes by translocating GLUT4 to plasma membrane mainly by the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. This review provides an insight into the protective role of polyphenols in T2D, highlighting the aspects of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fahad Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prince M Z Hasan
- Centre of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Fernandes I, Oliveira J, Pinho A, Carvalho E. The Role of Nutraceutical Containing Polyphenols in Diabetes Prevention. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020184. [PMID: 35208257 PMCID: PMC8878446 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in pharmacological therapy has led to the availability of many antidiabetic agents. New recommendations for precision medicine and particularly precision nutrition may greatly contribute to the control and especially to the prevention of diabetes. This scenario greatly encourages the search for novel non-pharmaceutical molecules. In line with this, the daily and long-term consumption of diets rich in phenolic compounds, together with a healthy lifestyle, may have a protective role against the development of type 2 diabetes. In the framework of the described studies, there is clear evidence that the bio accessibility, bioavailability, and the gut microbiota are indeed affected by: the way phenolic compounds are consumed (acutely or chronically; as pure compounds, extracts, or in-side a whole meal) and the amount and the type of phenolic compounds (ex-tractable or non-extractable/macromolecular antioxidants, including non-bioavailable polyphenols and plant matrix complexed structures). In this review, we report possible effects of important, commonly consumed, phenolic-based nutraceuticals in pre-clinical and clinical diabetes studies. We highlight their mechanisms of action and their potential effects in health promotion. Translation of this nutraceutical-based approach still requires more and larger clinical trials for better elucidation of the mechanism of action toward clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Fernandes
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joana Oliveira
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.O.); (E.C.)
| | - Aryane Pinho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I, 1º Andar, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; or
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I, 1º Andar, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; or
- Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
- APDP—Portuguese Diabetes Association, 1250-189 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.O.); (E.C.)
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Tresserra-Rimbau A, Castro-Barquero S, Becerra-Tomás N, Babio N, Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Fitó M, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Alonso-Gomez AM, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Tur JA, López-Miranda J, Cano-Ibáñez N, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Daimiel L, Martín Sánchez V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Basterra FJ, Fernández de la Puente M, Asensio EM, Castañer O, Bullón-Vela V, Tojal-Sierra L, Gómez-Gracia E, Cases-Pérez E, Konieczna J, García-Ríos A, Casañas-Quintana T, Bernal-Lopez MR, Santos-Lozano JM, Esteve-Luque V, Bouzas C, Vázquez-Ruiz Z, Palau-Galindo A, Barragan R, López Grau M, Razquín C, Goicolea-Güemez L, Toledo E, Vergaz MV, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Salas-Salvadó J. Adopting a High-Polyphenolic Diet Is Associated with an Improved Glucose Profile: Prospective Analysis within the PREDIMED-Plus Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020316. [PMID: 35204199 PMCID: PMC8868059 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that dietary polyphenols could reduce the incidence and complications of type-2 diabetes (T2D); although the evidence is still limited and inconsistent. This work analyzes whether changing to a diet with a higher polyphenolic content is associated with an improved glucose profile. At baseline, and at 1 year of follow-up visits, 5921 participants (mean age 65.0 ± 4.9, 48.2% women) who had overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome filled out a validated 143-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), from which polyphenol intakes were calculated. Energy-adjusted total polyphenols and subclasses were categorized in tertiles of changes. Linear mixed-effect models with random intercepts (the recruitment centers) were used to assess associations between changes in polyphenol subclasses intake and 1-year plasma glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Increments in total polyphenol intake and some classes were inversely associated with better glucose levels and HbA1c after one year of follow-up. These associations were modified when the analyses were run considering diabetes status separately. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the relationship between changes in the intake of all polyphenolic groups and T2D-related parameters in a senior population with T2D or at high-risk of developing T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
| | - Nancy Babio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Angel M. Alonso-Gomez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Complejo Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 Leon, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emili Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Basterra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Eva M. Asensio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Bullón-Vela
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Tamara Casañas-Quintana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Rosa Bernal-Lopez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Virginia Esteve-Luque
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau-Galindo
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- ABS Reus V. Centre d’Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, SAGESSA, 43205 Reus, Spain
| | - Rocio Barragan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercè López Grau
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Goicolea-Güemez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manel Vila Vergaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
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Cremonini E, Iglesias DE, Matsukuma KE, Hester SN, Wood SM, Bartlett M, Fraga CG, Oteiza PI. Supplementation with cyanidin and delphinidin mitigates high fat diet-induced endotoxemia and associated liver inflammation in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:781-794. [PMID: 34981106 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of high fat diets (HFD) and the associated metabolic endotoxemia can initiate liver inflammation and lipid deposition that with time can progress to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We previously observed that 14 weeks supplementation with the anthocyanidins cyanidin and delphinidin mitigated HFD-induced metabolic endotoxemia and liver insulin resistance, steatosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. This work investigated if a 4-week supplementation of mice with a cyanidin- and delphinidin-rich extract (CDRE) could mitigate or reverse HFD (60% calories from lard fat)-induced liver steatosis and inflammation. After a first 4-weeks period on the HFD, mice showed increased endotoxemia and activation of liver proinflammatory signaling cascades. Supplementation with CDRE between weeks 4 and 8 did not mitigate liver steatosis or the altered lipid and glucose plasma levels. However, CDRE supplementation reverted HFD-induced metabolic endotoxemia, in parallel with the mitigation of the overexpression of hepatic TLR2 and TLR4, and of the activation of: (i) NF-κB, (ii) AP-1 and upstream mitogen-activated kinases p38 and ERK1/2, and (iii) HIF-1. Thus, even a short-term consumption of cyanidin and delphinidin could help mitigate the adverse consequences, i.e. metabolic endotoxemia and associated liver inflammation, triggered by the regular consumption of diets rich in fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. .,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. .,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karen E Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven M Wood
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Mark Bartlett
- Pharmanex Research, NSE Products, Inc., Provo, UT, USA
| | - Cesar G Fraga
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. .,Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. .,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Solverson P, Albaugh GP, Harrison DJ, Luthria DL, Baer DJ, Novotny JA. High‐dose administration of purified cyanidin‐3‐glucose or a blackberry extract causes improved mitochondrial function but reduced content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Solverson
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine Washington State University Spokane Washington USA
| | - George P. Albaugh
- USDA ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
| | - Dawn J. Harrison
- USDA ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
| | - Dave L. Luthria
- USDA ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
| | - David J. Baer
- USDA ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
| | - Janet A. Novotny
- USDA ARS Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Beltsville Maryland USA
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37
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Chen Y, Qie X, Quan W, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J, Adhikari B, He Z. Omnifarious fruit polyphenols: an omnipotent strategy to prevent and intervene diabetes and related complication? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-37. [PMID: 34792409 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome which cannot be cured. Recently, considerable interest has been focused on food ingredients to prevent and intervene in complications of diabetes. Polyphenolic compounds are one of the bioactive phytochemical constituents with various biological activities, which have drawn increasing interest in human health. Fruits are part of the polyphenol sources in daily food consumption. Fruit-derived polyphenols possess the anti-diabetic activity that has already been proved either from in vitro studies or in vivo studies. The mechanisms of fruit polyphenols in treating diabetes and related complications are under discussion. This is a comprehensive review on polyphenols from the edible parts of fruits, including those from citrus, berries, apples, cherries, mangoes, mangosteens, pomegranates, and other fruits regarding their potential benefits in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus. The signal pathways of characteristic polyphenols derived from fruits in reducing high blood glucose and intervening hyperglycemia-induced diabetic complications were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejiao Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Sandoval-Ramírez BA, Catalán Ú, Llauradó E, Valls RM, Salamanca P, Rubió L, Yuste S, Solà R. The health benefits of anthocyanins: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and controlled clinical trials. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1515-1530. [PMID: 34725704 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ACNs) are phenolic compounds present in foods and have undefined health benefits. The present umbrella review aimed to analyze the effects of ACNs on multiple aspects of human health (from systematic reviews and meta-analyses [SRMs] of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]), and the associations of ACNs with the risk of various diseases (from SRMs of observational studies [OSs]). Following the PRISMA methodology, the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases were searched up to November 1, 2020 for OS-SRMs and RCT-SRMs that examined the effects of ACNs on health. The risk of bias of RCT-SRMs was assessed using the AMSTAR 2, and that of OS-SRMs was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Based on 5 OS-SRMs (57 studies and 2 134 336 participants), ACNs of various sources were significantly associated with a reduction in the risks of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to 8 RCT-SRMs (139 interventions and >4984 participants), ACNs improved plasmatic lipids, glucose metabolism, and endothelial function, without affecting blood pressure. No associations between ACNs and breast or gastric cancer risks were found. ACN intake opens new pathways for the management of glucose metabolism, the plasmatic lipid profile, and the improvement of endothelial function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berner-Andrée Sandoval-Ramírez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Úrsula Catalán
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa-María Valls
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Patricia Salamanca
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Grup de recerca CENIT (Grup Col·laboratiu en Estils de Vida, Nutrició i Tabaquisme), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària-IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, España
| | - Laura Rubió
- Food Technology Department, Agrotecnio Research Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Silvia Yuste
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus (HUSJR), Reus, Spain
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Basu A, Izuora K, Betts NM, Ebersole JL, Scofield RH. Dietary Strawberries Improve Biomarkers of Antioxidant Status and Endothelial Function in Adults with Cardiometabolic Risks in a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111730. [PMID: 34829601 PMCID: PMC8614674 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strawberries, a popularly consumed berry fruit, are rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant effects. In this study, we examined the effects of two dietary achievable doses of strawberries on the antioxidant status and biomarkers of endothelial function in adults with features of metabolic syndrome and a confirmed low baseline of fruit and vegetable intake. In a 14-week randomized controlled crossover study, participants were assigned to one of three groups for four weeks separated by a one-week washout period: control powder, one serving (low dose: 13 g strawberry powder/day), or 2.5 servings (high dose: 32 g strawberry powder/day). Blood samples and health data were collected at baseline and at the end of each four-week phase of intervention. Thirty-three participants completed all three phases of the trial. Significant increases were observed in serum antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity as well as decreases in lipid peroxidation after both low and high dose strawberry phases when compared with the control phase. Significant decreases were also observed in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α with the high dose strawberry phase. These data confirm that consuming strawberries for four weeks significantly improves antioxidant status, endothelial function, and inflammation in adults with cardiometabolic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-702-895-4576; Fax: +1-702-895-1500
| | - Kenneth Izuora
- Section of Endocrinology, University of Nevada School of Medicine at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Nancy M. Betts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Robert Hal Scofield
- Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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40
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del Campo A, Salamanca C, Fajardo A, Díaz-Castro F, Bustos C, Calfío C, Troncoso R, Pastene-Navarrete ER, Acuna-Castillo C, Milla LA, Villarroel CA, Cubillos FA, Aranda M, Rojo LE. Anthocyanins from Aristotelia chilensis Prevent Olanzapine-Induced Hepatic-Lipid Accumulation but Not Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206149. [PMID: 34684731 PMCID: PMC8537850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major problems worldwide and dietary polyphenols have shown efficacy to ameliorate signs of these diseases. Anthocyanins from berries display potent antioxidants and protect against weight gain and insulin resistance in different models of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Olanzapine is known to induce an accelerated form of metabolic syndrome. Due to the aforementioned, we evaluated whether delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (DG) and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside (DS), two potent antidiabetic anthocyanins isolated from Aristotelia chilensis fruit, could prevent olanzapine-induced steatosis and insulin resistance in liver and skeletal muscle cells, respectively. HepG2 liver cells and L6 skeletal muscle cells were co-incubated with DG 50 μg/mL or DS 50 μg/mL plus olanzapine 50 μg/mL. Lipid accumulation was determined in HepG2 cells while the expression of p-Akt as a key regulator of the insulin-activated signaling pathways, mitochondrial function, and glucose uptake was assessed in L6 cells. DS and DG prevented olanzapine-induced lipid accumulation in liver cells. However, insulin signaling impairment induced by olanzapine in L6 cells was not rescued by DS and DG. Thus, anthocyanins modulate lipid metabolism, which is a relevant factor in hepatic tissue, but do not significantly influence skeletal muscle, where a potent antioxidant effect of olanzapine was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea del Campo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.d.C.); (L.E.R.); Tel.: +56-223544384 (A.d.C.); +56-22718-1177 (L.E.R.)
| | - Catalina Salamanca
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Angelo Fajardo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Francisco Díaz-Castro
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (F.D.-C.); (R.T.)
| | - Catalina Bustos
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Camila Calfío
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (F.D.-C.); (R.T.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Edgar R. Pastene-Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán 4081112, Chile;
| | - Claudio Acuna-Castillo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Luis A. Milla
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, CIBAP, Obispo Umaña 050, Santiago 9170201, Chile;
| | - Carlos A. Villarroel
- ANID-Programa Iniciativa Científica Milenio-Instituto Milenio de Biología Integrativa (iBio), General del Canto 50, Providencia, Santiago 7500565, Chile; (C.A.V.); (F.A.C.)
- Laboratorio Interacciones Insecto-Planta, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Francisco A. Cubillos
- ANID-Programa Iniciativa Científica Milenio-Instituto Milenio de Biología Integrativa (iBio), General del Canto 50, Providencia, Santiago 7500565, Chile; (C.A.V.); (F.A.C.)
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile
| | - Mario Aranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Fármacos y Alimentos, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Leonel E. Rojo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170002, Chile; (C.S.); (A.F.); (C.B.); (C.C.); (C.A.-C.)
- Correspondence: (A.d.C.); (L.E.R.); Tel.: +56-223544384 (A.d.C.); +56-22718-1177 (L.E.R.)
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41
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Jokioja J, Yang B, Linderborg KM. Acylated anthocyanins: A review on their bioavailability and effects on postprandial carbohydrate metabolism and inflammation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5570-5615. [PMID: 34611984 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, the natural red and purple colorants of berries, fruits, vegetables, and tubers, improve carbohydrate metabolism and decrease the risk factors of metabolic disorders, but their industrial use is limited by their chemical instability. Acylation of the glycosyl moieties of anthocyanins, however, changes the chemical properties of anthocyanins and provides enhanced stability. Thus, acylated anthocyanins are more usable as natural colorants and bioactive components of innovative functional foods. Acylated anthocyanins are common in pigmented vegetables and tubers, the consumption of which has the potential to increase the intake of health-promoting anthocyanins as part of the daily diet. For the first time, this review presents the current findings on bioavailability, absorption, metabolism, and health effects of acylated anthocyanins with comparison to more extensively investigated nonacylated anthocyanins. The structural differences between nonacylated and acylated anthocyanins lead to enhanced color stability, altered absorption, bioavailability, in vivo stability, and colonic degradation. The impact of phenolic metabolites and their potential health effects regardless of the low bioavailability of the parent anthocyanins as such is discussed. Here, purple-fleshed potatoes are presented as a globally available, eco-friendly model food rich in acylated anthocyanins, which further highlights the industrial possibilities and nutritional relevance of acylated anthocyanins. This work supports the academic community and industry in food research and development by reviewing the current literature and highlighting gaps of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Jokioja
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa M Linderborg
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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42
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Bonesi M, Leporini M, Tenuta MC, Tundis R. The Role of Anthocyanins in Drug Discovery: Recent Developments. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:286-298. [PMID: 30686260 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190125152931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds have always played a key role in drug discovery. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoids family responsible for the purple, blue, and red colour of many vegetables and fruits. These phytochemicals have attracted the interest of researchers for their important implications in human health and for their use as natural colorants. Many in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the potential effects of anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review reports the recent literature data and focuses on the potential role of anthocyanins in drug discovery. Their biological activity, analysis of structure-activity relationships, bioavailability, metabolism, and future prospects of their uses are critically described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria C Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
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43
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Mattila P, Pap N, Järvenpää E, Kahala M, Mäkinen S. Underutilized Northern plant sources and technological aspects for recovering their polyphenols. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 98:125-169. [PMID: 34507641 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Consumers worldwide are increasingly interested in the authenticity and naturalness of products. At the same time, the food, agricultural and forest industries generate large quantities of sidestreams that are not effectively utilized. However, these raw materials are rich and inexpensive sources of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. The exploitation of these raw materials increases income for producers and processors, while reducing transportation and waste management costs. Many Northern sidestreams and other underutilized raw materials are good sources of polyphenols. These include berry, apple, vegetable, softwood, and rapeseed sidestreams, as well as underutilized algae species. Berry sidestreams are especially good sources of various phenolic compounds. This chapter presents the properties of these raw materials, providing an overview of the techniques for refining these materials into functional polyphenol-rich ingredients. The focus is on economically and environmentally sound technologies suitable for the pre-treatment of the raw materials, the modification and recovery of the polyphenols, as well as the formulation and stabilization of the ingredients. For example, sprouting, fermentation, and enzyme technologies, as well as various traditional and novel extraction methods are discussed. Regarding the extraction technologies, this chapter focuses on safe and green technologies that do not use organic solvents. In addition, formulation and stabilization that aim to protect isolated polyphenols during storage and extend shelflife are reviewed. The formulated polyphenol-rich ingredients produced from underutilized renewable resources could be used as sustainable, active ingredients--for example, in food and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Mattila
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Turku, Finland.
| | - Nora Pap
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Eila Järvenpää
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Minna Kahala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Sari Mäkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
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Pani A, Baratta F, Pastori D, Coronati M, Scaglione F, Del Ben M. Prevention and management of type II diabetes chronic complications: the role of polyphenols (Mini-Review). Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1099-1109. [PMID: 34477505 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210902131021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The numerous complications of diabetes may be at least in part generated by the oxidative stress associated with the constant state of hyperglycemia. Polyphenols are plant based secondary metabolites that have high potentials in the prevention and treatment of some diseases, in particular those that involve oxidative stress, such as complications of diabetes. The purpose of this narrative review is to show the main evidence regarding the role of polyphenols in treating and preventing these complications. For the bibliographic research, the papers published up to March 15, 2021 were considered and the search terms included words relating to polyphenols, their classes and some more known compounds, in association with the complications of diabetes. There are numerous studies showing how polyphenols are active against endothelial damage induced by diabetes, oxidative stress and hyperinflammatory states that are at the origin of the complications of diabetes. Compounds such as flavonoids, but also anthocyanins, stilbenes or lignans slow the progression of kidney damage, prevent ischemic events and diabetic nephropathy. Many of these studies are preclinical, in cellular or animal models. The role of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of diabetes complications is undoubtedly promising. However, more clinical trials need to be implemented to understand the real effectiveness of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Baratta
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Coronati
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Scaglione
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Del Ben
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
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Visvanathan R, Williamson G. Effect of citrus fruit and juice consumption on risk of developing type 2 diabetes: Evidence on polyphenols from epidemiological and intervention studies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Increasing the Power of Polyphenols through Nanoencapsulation for Adjuvant Therapy against Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154621. [PMID: 34361774 PMCID: PMC8347607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols play a therapeutic role in vascular diseases, acting in inherent illness-associate conditions such as inflammation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and oxidative stress, as demonstrated by clinical trials and epidemiological surveys. The main polyphenol cardioprotective mechanisms rely on increased nitric oxide, decreased asymmetric dimethylarginine levels, upregulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes via the Nrf2-ARE pathway and anti-inflammatory action through the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB and PPAR-γ receptor. However, poor polyphenol bioavailability and extensive metabolization restrict their applicability. Polyphenols carried by nanoparticles circumvent these limitations providing controlled release and better solubility, chemical protection, and target achievement. Nano-encapsulate polyphenols loaded in food grade polymers and lipids appear to be safe, gaining resistance in the enteric route for intestinal absorption, in which the mucoadhesiveness ensures their increased uptake, achieving high systemic levels in non-metabolized forms. Nano-capsules confer a gradual release to these compounds, as well as longer half-lives and cell and whole organism permanence, reinforcing their effectiveness, as demonstrated in pre-clinical trials, enabling their application as an adjuvant therapy against cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenol entrapment in nanoparticles should be encouraged in nutraceutical manufacturing for the fortification of foods and beverages. This study discusses pre-clinical trials evaluating how nano-encapsulate polyphenols following oral administration can aid in cardiovascular performance.
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Effects of Anthocyanin Supplementation on Reduction of Obesity Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062121. [PMID: 34205642 PMCID: PMC8234970 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, water-soluble flavonoids that produce red-to-blue pigment in plants, have antioxidant properties and have been developed as a functional food to fight obesity. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a systematic review with meta-analysis (SR-MA) was used to investigate these anti-obesity effects. Using search engines (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane-library, and CINAHL) and keywords (anthocyanins, BMI, WC, WHR, and inflammatory biomarkers), 11 out of 642 RCTs (28.3–500 mg/day of anthocyanins for 4 to 24 weeks) were included. The results showed a significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) (MD = −0.36, 95% CI = −0.58 to −0.13), but body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) did not change. Anthocyanins decreased BMI in the non-obese (non-OB) group in five RCTs (BMI ≤ 25; MD = −0.40 kg/m2; 95% CI = −0.64 to −0.16;) but did not affect BMI in the obese (OB) group. A subgroup analysis of six RCTs showed that fewer than 300 mg/day reduced BMI (MD = −0.37; 95% CI = −0.06 to −0.14), but ≥300 mg/day did not. A treatment duration of four weeks for four RCTs was sufficient to decrease the BMI (MD = −0.41; 95% CI = −0.66 to −0.16) as opposed to a longer treatment (6–8 or ≥12 weeks). An analysis of the effect of anthocyanins on the BMI showed a significant fall among those from the Middle East compared to those from Asia, Europe, South America, or Oceania. In conclusion, the anthocyanin supplementation of 300 mg/day or less for four weeks was sufficient to reduce the BMI and BW compared to the higher-dose and longer-treatment RCTs. However, further studies might be conducted regarding the dose- or period-dependent responses on various obese biomarkers.
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Basu A, Feng D, Planinic P, Ebersole JL, Lyons TJ, Alexander JM. Dietary Blueberry and Soluble Fiber Supplementation Reduces Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Women with Obesity in a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2021; 151:1128-1138. [PMID: 33693835 PMCID: PMC8112774 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing public health concern and maternal obesity and poor dietary intakes could be implicated. Dietary polyphenols and fiber mitigate the risk of diabetes and its complications, but little is known about their efficacy in preventing GDM. OBJECTIVES We examined the effects of whole blueberry and soluble fiber supplementation on primary outcomes of cardiometabolic profiles in women at high risk of developing GDM. METHODS Women (n = 34; mean ± SD age: 27 ± 5 y; BMI: 35.5 ± 4.0 kg/m2; previous history of GDM ∼56%; Hispanic ∼79%) were recruited in early pregnancy (<20 weeks of gestation) and randomly assigned to 1 of the following 2 groups for 18 wk: intervention (280 g whole blueberries and 12 g soluble fiber per day) and standard prenatal care (control). Both groups received nutrition education and maintained 24-h food recalls throughout the study. Data on anthropometrics, blood pressure, and blood samples for biochemical analyses were collected at baseline (<20 weeks), midpoint (24-28 weeks), and end (32-36 weeks) of gestation. Diagnosis of GDM was based on a 2-step glucose challenge test (GCT). Data were analyzed using a mixed-model ANOVA. RESULTS Maternal weight gain was significantly lower in the dietary intervention than in the control group at the end of the trial (mean ± SD: 6.8 ± 3.2 kg compared with 12.0 ± 4.1 kg, P = 0.001). C-reactive protein was also lower in the intervention than in the control group (baseline: 6.1 ± 4.0 compared with 6.8 ± 7.2 mg/L; midpoint: 6.1 ± 3.7 compared with 7.5 ± 7.3 mg/L; end: 5.5 ± 2.2 compared with 9.5 ± 6.6 mg/L, respectively, P = 0.002). Blood glucose based on GCT was lower in the intervention than in the control (100 ± 33 mg/dL compared with 131 ± 40 mg/dL, P < 0.05). Conventional lipids (total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) did not differ between groups over time. No differences were noted in infant birth weight. CONCLUSIONS Whole blueberry and soluble fiber supplementation may prevent excess gestational weight gain and improve glycemic control and inflammation in women with obesity.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03467503.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Du Feng
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Petar Planinic
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Ebersole
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Timothy J Lyons
- Division of Endocrinology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - James M Alexander
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Wei X, Yang B, Chen X, Wen L, Kan J. Zanthoxylum alkylamides ameliorate protein metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats by regulating multiple signaling pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:3740-3753. [PMID: 33900301 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02695f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can easily induce insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle, causing protein metabolism disorder and inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate whether Zanthoxylum alkylamides (ZA) could ameliorate T2DM through regulating protein metabolism disorder by using a rat model of T2DM. The predominant bioactive constituents found in ZA were hydroxyl-α-sanshool, hydroxyl-β-sanshool and hydroxyl-γ-sanshool. The results showed that ZA improved a series of biochemical indices associated with protein metabolism and inflammation in T2DM rats. Our mechanistic finding indicated that ZA promoted protein anabolism in T2DM rats by up-regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. ZA also promoted glucose transportation in skeletal muscle to ameliorate skeletal muscle IR and energy metabolism through regulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Moreover, ZA inhibited protein degradation and improved protein catabolism disorder in T2DM rats by down-regulating the PI3K/Akt/forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, and ZA further ameliorated inflammation to inhibit protein catabolism via regulating the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway in the skeletal muscle of T2DM rats. Collectively, the ameliorating effect of ZA on protein metabolism disorder in T2DM rats was the common result of regulating multiple signaling pathways. ZA decreased skeletal muscle IR to promote protein anabolism and inhibit protein catabolism for improving protein metabolism disorder, thus ultimately ameliorating T2DM. In sum, our findings demonstrated that ZA treatment could effectively ameliorate T2DM through improving protein metabolism, providing a new treatment target for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunyu Wei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Ren Z, Gong H, Zhao A, Zhang J, Yang C, Wang P, Zhang Y. Effect of Sea Buckthorn on Plasma Glucose in Individuals with Impaired Glucose Regulation: A Two-Stage Randomized Crossover Intervention Study. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040804. [PMID: 33917994 PMCID: PMC8068387 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (SB) has been indicated to have hypoglycemic potential, but its effects on glucose in people with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) are still unclear. This work presents a randomized, double-blinded, two-way crossover study. A total of 38 subjects with IGR completed the intervention of consuming sea buckthorn fruit puree (SBFP, 90 mL/day, five weeks), washing out (four weeks), and then consuming placebo (90 mL/day, five weeks) or in reverse order. In our methodology, a unified questionnaire was used to gather information on physical activity and dietary intakes, and physical examinations were performed to measure blood pressure, height, and weight. Fasting blood samples were collected to detect the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated serum protein (GSP). To calculate the area under the curve of 2 h postprandial plasma glucose (2 h PG-AUC), blood samples at t = 30, 60, and 120 min were also collected and analyzed. Effects of the intervention were evaluated by paired-sample Wilcoxon test and mixed model analyses. Our results show that the FPG in subjects with IGR decreased by a median reduction of 0.14 mmol/L after five weeks' consumption of SBFP, but increased by a median of 0.07 mmol/L after placebo intervention, and the comparison of these two interventions was statistically significant (p = 0.045). During the wash-out period, a similar difference was observed as the FPG decreased in the group that received SBFP intervention first, but increased in another group (p = 0.043). Both SBFP and placebo significantly raised GSP during the intervention period, but lowered it in the wash-out period (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between the two interventions. The 2 h PG-AUC remained relatively stable throughout the study. Our results indicated that consumption of SBFP for five weeks showed a slight downward trend on FPG in subjects with IGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxia Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Huiting Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chenlu Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Science and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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