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Gonzalez-Candia A, Figueroa EG, Krause BJ. Pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of miRNA-based therapies for targeting cardiovascular dysfunction. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116318. [PMID: 38801924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Advances in understanding gene expression regulation through epigenetic mechanisms have contributed to elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of noncoding RNAs as pharmacological targets in several diseases. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved, short, noncoding RNAs regulating in a concerted manner gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting specific sequences of the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA. Conversely, mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain largely elusive due to their life-course origins, multifactorial pathophysiology, and co-morbidities. In this regard, CVD treatment with conventional medications results in therapeutic failure due to progressive resistance to monotherapy, which overlooks the multiple factors involved, and reduced adherence to poly-pharmacology approaches. Consequently, considering its role in regulating complete gene pathways, miR-based drugs have appreciably progressed into preclinical and clinical testing. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the mechanisms of miRs in cardiovascular disease, focusing specifically on describing how clinical chemistry and physics have improved the stability of the miR molecule. In addition, a comprehensive review of the main miRs involved in cardiovascular disease and the clinical trials in which these molecules are used as active pharmacological molecules is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gonzalez-Candia
- Laboratory of Fetal Neuroprogramming (www.neurofetal-lab.cl), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Esteban G Figueroa
- Laboratory of Fetal Neuroprogramming (www.neurofetal-lab.cl), Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Bernardo J Krause
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.
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2
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Coavoy-Sanchez SA, da Costa Marques LA, Costa SKP, Muscara MN. Role of Gasotransmitters in Inflammatory Edema. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:272-291. [PMID: 36974358 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are, to date, the identified members of the gasotransmitter family, which consists of gaseous signaling molecules that play central roles in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory edema. Recent Advances: Recent studies show the potential anti-inflammatory and antiedematogenic effects of NO-, CO-, and H2S-donors in vivo. In general, it has been observed that the therapeutical effects of NO-donors are more relevant when administered at low doses at the onset of the inflammatory process. Regarding CO-donors, their antiedematogenic effects are mainly associated with inhibition of proinflammatory mediators (such as inducible NO synthase [iNOS]-derived NO), and the observed protective effects of H2S-donors seem to be mediated by reducing some proinflammatory enzyme activities. Critical Issues: The most recent investigations focus on the interactions among the gasotransmitters under different pathophysiological conditions. However, the biochemical/pharmacological nature of these interactions is neither general nor fully understood, although specifically dependent on the site where the inflammatory edema occurs. Future Directions: Considering the nature of the involved mechanisms, a deeper knowledge of the interactions among the gasotransmitters is mandatory. In addition, the development of new pharmacological tools, either donors or synthesis inhibitors of the three gasotransmitters, will certainly aid the basic investigations and open new strategies for the therapeutic treatment of inflammatory edema. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 272-291.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soraia Katia Pereira Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nicolas Muscara
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Catanzaro G, Conte F, Trocchianesi S, Splendiani E, Bimonte VM, Mocini E, Filardi T, Po A, Besharat ZM, Gentile MC, Paci P, Morano S, Migliaccio S, Ferretti E. Network analysis identifies circulating miR-155 as predictive biomarker of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in obese patients: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19496. [PMID: 37945677 PMCID: PMC10636008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the main risk factor for many non-communicable diseases. In clinical practice, unspecific markers are used for the determination of metabolic alterations and inflammation, without allowing the characterization of subjects at higher risk of complications. Circulating microRNAs represent an attractive approach for early screening to identify subjects affected by obesity more at risk of developing connected pathologies. The aim of this study was the identification of circulating free and extracellular vesicles (EVs)-embedded microRNAs able to identify obese patients at higher risk of type 2 diabetes (DM2). The expression data of circulating microRNAs derived from obese patients (OB), with DM2 (OBDM) and healthy donors were combined with clinical data, through network-based methodology implemented by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The six circulating microRNAs overexpressed in OBDM patients were evaluated in a second group of patients, confirming the overexpression of miR-155-5p in OBDM patients. Interestingly, the combination of miR-155-5p with serum levels of IL-8, Leptin and RAGE was useful to identify OB patients most at risk of developing DM2. These results suggest that miR-155-5p is a potential circulating biomarker for DM2 and that the combination of this microRNA with other inflammatory markers in OB patients can predict the risk of developing DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Conte
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti" (IASI), National Research Council (CNR), 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Trocchianesi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Splendiani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Maria Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mocini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Filardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gentile
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Morano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, 00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and H 2S in cancer cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108502. [PMID: 37517510 PMCID: PMC10529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three endogenously produced gases with important functions in the vasculature, immune defense, and inflammation. It is increasingly apparent that, far from working in isolation, these three exert many effects by modulating each other's activity. Each gas is produced by three enzymes, which have some tissue specificities and can also be non-enzymatically produced by redox reactions of various substrates. Both NO and CO share similar properties, such as activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. At the same time, H2S both inhibits phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), an enzyme that metabolizes sGC and exerts redox regulation on sGC. The role of NO, CO, and H2S in the setting of cancer has been quite perplexing, as there is evidence for both tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory effects and anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Each gasotransmitter has been found to have dual effects on different aspects of cancer biology, including cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. These seemingly contradictory actions may relate to each gas having a dual effect dependent on its local flux. In this review, we discuss the major roles of NO, CO, and H2S in the context of cancer, with an effort to highlight the dual nature of each gas in different events occurring during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
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5
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Han X, Lu B, Zou D, Luo X, Liu L, Maitz MF, Yang P, Huang N, Zhao A, Chen J. Allicin-Loaded Intelligent Hydrogel Coating Improving Vascular Implant Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38247-38263. [PMID: 37549059 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis is closely related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Owing to poor biocompatibility, lack of personalized treatment, and late toxic side effects, traditional drug-eluting stent intervention, releasing antiproliferative drugs, can delay endothelial repair and cause late thrombosis. The inflammation caused by atherosclerosis results in an acidic microenvironment and oxidative stress, which can be considered as triggers for precise and intelligent treatment. Here, we used catechol hyaluronic acid (C-HA) and cystamine (Cys) to prepare C-HA-Cys hydrogel coatings by amide reaction. The H2S-releasing donor allicin was loaded in the hydrogel to form an intelligent biomimetic coating. The disulfide bond of Cys made the cross-linked network redox-responsive to the inflammation and oxidative stress in the microenvironment by releasing the drug and H2S intelligently to combat the side effects of stent implantation. This study evaluated the hemocompatibility, anti-inflammatory capacity, vascular wall cytocompatibility, and in vivo histocompatibility of this intelligent hydrogel coating. Furthermore, the effect of H2S released from the coating on atherosclerosis-related signaling pathways such as CD31 and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), CD36, and ACAT-1 was investigated. Our results indicate that the C-HA-Cys-Allicin hydrogel coating could be manufactured on the surface of vascular interventional devices to achieve a precise response to the microenvironment of the lesion to release drug, which can attain the purpose of prevention of in-stent restenosis and ensure the effectiveness and safety of the application of interventional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Manfred F Maitz
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Leibniz-Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Ping Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Ansha Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- The department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
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Pan X, Yang L, Wang S, Liu Y, Yue L, Chen S. Semaglutide alleviates inflammation-Induced endothelial progenitor cells injury by inhibiting MiR-155 expression in macrophage exosomes. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110196. [PMID: 37075674 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The low-grade inflammatory state in obesity can damage vascular endothelial cells and lead to several cardiovascular diseases. Macrophage exosomes improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese mice, and yet it is unclear how it relates to endothelial cell injury. Firstly, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage exosomes were co-cultured with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to examine the function of EPCs and the level of inflammatory factors. Secondly, macrophages were transfected with MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) miR-155 mimics and inhibitors, and their secreted exosomes were co-cultured with EPCs to detect EPCs function and inflammatory factor levels. Then, EPCs were transfected with miR-155 mimics and inhibitors to clarify the effect of miR-155 on EPCs function and inflammatory factors. Finally, macrophages were intervened using semaglutide, and their secreted exosomes were co-cultured with EPCs to test EPCs function, inflammatory factor levels and macrophages miR-155 expression. LPS-induced macrophage exosomes reduced the cellular activity, migratory capacity and tube-forming ability of EPCs and rendered EPCs in an inflammatory state. LPS-induced microphage exosomes significantly upregulated miR-155 expression. miR-155 high expression exacerbated the pro-inflammatory nature of macrophage exosomes and inhibited the cell viability of EPCs. In contrast, inhibition of miR-155 expression showed the opposite result, suppressing inflammation and increasing the cell viability of EPCs. Semaglutide improved the cell viability of EPCs and also inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in EPCs as well as miR-155 in exosomes. Semaglutide improves the function and inflammatory status of EPCs may via inhibition of LPS-induced macrophage expression of miR-155 in exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
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7
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Shati AA, Maarouf A, Dawood AF, Bayoumy NM, Alqahtani YA, A. Eid R, Alqahtani SM, Abd Ellatif M, Al-Ani B, Albawardi A. Lower Extremity Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Metformin Inhibits Femoral Artery Ultrastructural Alterations as well as Vascular Tissue Levels of AGEs/ET-1 Axis-Mediated Inflammation and Modulation of Vascular iNOS and eNOS Expression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020361. [PMID: 36830898 PMCID: PMC9953164 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a major risk factor for amputation in diabetic patients. The advanced glycation end products (AGEs)/endothelin-1 (ET-1)/nitric oxide synthase (NOS) axis-mediated femoral artery injury with and without metformin has not been previously investigated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was established in rats, with another group of rats treated for two weeks with 200 mg/kg metformin, before being induced with T2DM. The latter cohort were continued on metformin until they were sacrificed at week 12. Femoral artery injury was established in the diabetic group as demonstrated by substantial alterations to the femoral artery ultrastructure, which importantly were ameliorated by metformin. In addition, diabetes caused a significant (p < 0.0001) upregulation of vascular tissue levels of AGEs, ET-1, and iNOS, as well as high blood levels of glycated haemoglobin, TNF-α, and dyslipidemia. All of these parameters were also significantly inhibited by metformin. Moreover, metformin treatment augmented arterial eNOS expression which had been inhibited by diabetes progression. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between femoral artery endothelial tissue damage and glycemia, AGEs, ET-1, TNF-α, and dyslipidemia. Thus, in a rat model of T2DM-induced LEAD, an association between femoral artery tissue damage and the AGEs/ET-1/inflammation/NOS/dyslipidemia axis was demonstrated, with metformin treatment demonstrating beneficial vascular protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayed A. Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amro Maarouf
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK
| | - Amal F. Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nervana M. Bayoumy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef A. Alqahtani
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Alqahtani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abd Ellatif
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Bahjat Al-Ani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia Albawardi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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Gaytán-Pacheco N, Ibáñez-Salazar A, Herrera-Van Oostdam AS, Oropeza-Valdez JJ, Magaña-Aquino M, Adrián López J, Monárrez-Espino J, López-Hernández Y. miR-146a, miR-221, and miR-155 are Involved in Inflammatory Immune Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 13:133. [PMID: 36611425 PMCID: PMC9818442 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection triggered a global public health crisis during the 2020-2022 period, and it is still evolving. This highly transmissible respiratory disease can cause mild symptoms up to severe pneumonia with potentially fatal respiratory failure. In this cross-sectional study, 41 PCR-positive patients for SARS-CoV-2 and 42 healthy controls were recruited during the first wave of the pandemic in Mexico. The plasmatic expression of five circulating miRNAs involved in inflammatory and pathological host immune responses was assessed using RT-qPCR (Reverse Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction). Compared with controls, a significant upregulation of miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-221 was observed; miR-146a had a positive correlation with absolute neutrophil count and levels of brain natriuretic propeptide (proBNP), and miR-221 had a positive correlation with ferritin and a negative correlation with total cholesterol. We found here that CDKN1B gen is a shared target of miR-146a, miR-221-3p, and miR-155-5p, paving the way for therapeutic interventions in severe COVID-19 patients. The ROC curve built with adjusted variables (miR-146a, miR-221-3p, miR-155-5p, age, and male sex) to differentiate individuals with severe COVID-19 showed an AUC of 0.95. The dysregulation of circulating miRNAs provides new insights into the underlying immunological mechanisms, and their possible use as biomarkers to discriminate against patients with severe COVID-19. Functional analysis showed that most enriched pathways were significantly associated with processes related to cell proliferation and immune responses (innate and adaptive). Twelve of the predicted gene targets have been validated in plasma/serum, reflecting their potential use as predictive prognosis biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Gaytán-Pacheco
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory UAZ-Siglo-XXI, Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Ibáñez-Salazar
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory UAZ-Siglo-XXI, Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | | | - Juan José Oropeza-Valdez
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98600, Mexico
| | | | - Jesús Adrián López
- MicroRNAs and Cancer Laboratory, Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | - Joel Monárrez-Espino
- Department of Health Research, Christus Muguerza del Parque Hospital Chihuahua, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico
| | - Yamilé López-Hernández
- CONACyT-Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
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9
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Low-Dose Tacrolimus Promotes the Migration and Invasion and Nitric Oxide Production in the Human-Derived First Trimester Extravillous Trophoblast Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158426. [PMID: 35955565 PMCID: PMC9369346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Placentation is one of the most important determinants for a successful pregnancy, and this is dependent on the process of trophoblast migration and invasion. Progesterone receptors (PGR) are critical effectors of progesterone (P4) signaling that is required for trophoblast migration and invasion conducive to a successful gestation. In immune complicated pregnancies, evidence has shown that abnormal placentation occurs because of aberrant expression of PGR. Therapeutic intervention with tacrolimus (FK506) was able to restore PGR expression and improve pregnancy outcomes in immune-complicated gestations; however, the exact mode of action of tacrolimus in assisting placentation is not clear. Here, we attempt to uncover the mode of action of tacrolimus by examining its effects on trophoblast invasion and migration in the human-derived extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell line, the HTR-8/SVneo cells. Using a variety of functional assays, we demonstrated that low-dose tacrolimus (10 ng/mL) was sufficient to significantly (p < 0.001) stimulate the migration and invasion of the HTR-8/SVneo cells, inducing their cytosolic/nuclear progesterone receptor expression and activation, and modulating their Nitric Oxide (NO) production. Moreover, tacrolimus abrogated the suppressive effect of the NOS inhibitor Nω- Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) on these vital processes critically involved in the establishment of human pregnancy. Collectively, our data suggest an immune-independent mode of action of tacrolimus in positively influencing placentation in complicated gestations, at least in part, through promoting the migration and invasion of the first trimester extravillous trophoblast cells by modulating their NO production and activating their cytosolic/nuclear progesterone-receptors. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that the mode of action of tacrolimus as a monotherapy for implantation failure is plausibly PGR-dependent.
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10
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Li J, Han Q, Chen H, Liu T, Song J, Hou M, Wei L, Song H. Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-3 Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via miR-195-5p/Wnt3a Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2101-2117. [PMID: 35812136 PMCID: PMC9259429 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s367277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are hopeful in promoting bone regeneration as their pluripotency in differentiation. Our previous study showed that carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) increased the osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs in vitro. However, the mechanism remained unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a very important role in modulating the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Therefore, we researched the miRNAs involved in CORM-3-stimulated osteogenic differentiation. Methods The CORM-3-stimulated osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs was further studied in vivo. Based on the gene sequencing experiment, the rat BMSCs were transfected with miR-195-5p mimics and inhibitor, pcDNA3.1-Wnt3a and Wnt3a siRNA. The osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and alizarin red staining. Additionally, the targeting relationship between miR-195-5p and Wnt3a was confirmed by the dual-luciferase assay. Results MiR-195-5p was down-expressed during the CORM-3-stimulated osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs. CORM-3-stimulated osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs was inhibited with miR-195-5p overexpression, evidenced by significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteopontin, and matrix mineralization demonstrated. On the contrary, the osteogenic differentiation was enhanced with inhibition of miR-195-5p. CORM-3-stimulated osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs was increased by overexpression of Wnt3a, while the opposite was observed in the Wnt3a-deficient cells. Moreover, the decreased osteogenic differentiation capacity by increased expression of miR-195-5p was rescued by Wnt3a overexpression, showing miR-195-5p directly targeted Wnt3a. Conclusion These results demonstrate that CORM-3 promoted osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs via miR-195-5p/Wnt3a, which bodes well for the application of CORM-3 in the treatment of periodontal disease and other bone-defect diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingbin Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Song
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Hou
- School of Stomatology, Jining Medical College, Jining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wei
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Song
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hui Song, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-531-88382912, Fax +86-531-88382923, Email
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11
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Cui Q, Liang XL, Wang JQ, Zhang JY, Chen ZS. Therapeutic implication of carbon monoxide in drug resistant cancers. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115061. [PMID: 35489394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is the major obstacle that undermines effective cancer treatment. Recently, the application of gas signaling molecules, e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), in overcoming drug resistance has gained significant attention. Growing evidence showed that CO could inhibit mitochondria respiratory effect and glycolysis, two major ATP production pathways in cancer cells, and suppress angiogenesis and inhibit the activity of cystathionine β-synthase that is important in regulating cancer cells homeostasis, leading to synergistic effects when combined with cisplatin, doxorubicin, or phototherapy, etc. in certain resistant cancer cells. In the current review, we attempted to have a summary of these research conducted in the past decade using CO in treating drug resistant cancers, and have a detailed interpretation of the underlying mechanisms. The critical challenges will be discussed and potential solutions will also be provided. The information collected in this work will hopefully evoke more effects in using CO for the treatment of drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Cui
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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12
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Wu Q, Wang J, Wang Y, Xiang L, Tan Y, Feng J, Zhang Z, Zhang L. Targeted delivery of celastrol to glomerular endothelium and podocytes for chronic kidney disease treatment. NANO RESEARCH 2021; 15:3556-3568. [PMID: 34925707 PMCID: PMC8666268 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-021-3894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is complex and diverse, which could be briefly categorized to glomerular- or tubular-originated. However, the final outcomes of CKD are mainly glomerular sclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and injury, and chronic inflammation. Thus, targeted delivery of drugs to the glomeruli in order to ameliorate glomerular endothelial damage may help alleviate CKD and help enrich our knowledge. The herb tripterygium wilfordii shows therapeutic effect on kidney disease, and celastrol (CLT) is one of its active ingredients but with strong toxicity. Therefore, based on the unique structure and pathological characteristics of the glomerulus, we designed a targeted delivery system named peptides coupled CLT-phospholipid lipid nanoparticles (PC-PLNs) to efficiently deliver CLT to damaged endothelial cells and podocytes in the glomerulus for CKD treatment and research. PC-PLNs could effectively inhibit inflammation, reduce endothelial damage, alleviate CKD severity, and reduce the toxicity of CLT. We also studied the mechanism of CLT in the treatment of nephropathy and found that CLT can increase the level of NO by increasing eNOS while inhibiting the expression of VCAM-1, thus provides an anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, our study not only offered an efficient CKD drug formulation for further development, but also provided new medical knowledge about CKD. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (attached with all the supporting tables and figures mentioned in this work) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-021-3894-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Jiading Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24, South Block 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Yuanfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Ling Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Yulu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Jiaxing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24, South Block 1, First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610065 China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3 South Renmin Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610000 China
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Brasil FB, de Almeida FJS, Luckachaki MD, Dall'Oglio EL, de Oliveira MR. Pinocembrin pretreatment counteracts the chlorpyrifos-induced HO-1 downregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the SH-SY5Y cells. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2377-2391. [PMID: 34338973 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an insecticide, induces pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory, and pro-apoptotic effects in animal cells. Contamination with CPF occurs not only in farms, since CPF is found in the food consumed in homes. Recently, it was demonstrated that CPF affects the mitochondria, inhibiting components of the electron transfer chain (ETC), causing loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reducing the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the Complex V. Pinocembrin (PB) is found in propolis and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in mammalian cells. PB is a potent inducer of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is a major transcription factor controlling the expression of heme oxygease-1 (HO-1), among others. In the present work, we investigated whether PB would be able to prevent the mitochondrial and immune dysfunctions in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to CPF. PB was tested at 1-25 µM for 4 h before the administration of CPF at 100 µM for additional 24 h. We found that PB prevented the CPF-induced inhibition of ETC, loss of MMP, and decline in the ATP synthesis. PB also promoted anti-inflammatory actions in this experimental model. Silencing of Nrf2 or inhibition of HO-1 suppressed the PB-induced effects in the CPF-challenged cells. Thus, PB promoted beneficial effects by a mechanism dependent on the Nrf2/HO-1/CO + BR axis in the CPF-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Bittencourt Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fhelipe Jolner Souza de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
- Grupo de Estudos Em Neuroquímica E Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dargesso Luckachaki
- Grupo de Estudos Em Neuroquímica E Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Evandro Luiz Dall'Oglio
- Grupo de Estudos Em Neuroquímica E Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos Em Neuroquímica E Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
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Senolytic effects of quercetin in an in vitro model of pre-adipocytes and adipocytes induced senescence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23237. [PMID: 34853352 PMCID: PMC8636588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of adipose tissue with aging and the accumulation of senescent cells has been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Recently interventions capable of reducing the burden of senescent cells and in particular the identification of a new class of drugs termed senolytics have been object of extensive investigation. We used an in vitro model of induced senescence by treating both pre-adipocytes as well as mature adipocytes with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at a sub-lethal concentration for 3 h for three consecutive days, and hereafter with 20 uM quercetin at a dose that in preliminary experiments resulted to be senolytic without cytotoxicity. H2O2 treated pre-adipocytes and adipocytes showed typical senescence-associated features including increased beta-galactosidase activity (SA-ß-gal) and p21, activation of ROS and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The treatment with quercetin in senescent pre-adipocytes and adipocytes was associated to a significant decrease in the number of the SA-β-gal positive cells along with the suppression of ROS and of inflammatory cytokines. Besides, quercetin treatment decreased miR-155-5p expression in both models, with down-regulation of p65 and a trend toward an up-regulation of SIRT-1 in complete cell extracts. The senolytic compound quercetin could affect AT ageing by reducing senescence, induced in our in vitro model by oxidative stress. The downregulation of miRNA-155-5p, possibly through the modulation of NF-κB and SIRT-1, could have a key role in the effects of quercetin on both pre-adipocytes and adipocytes.
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Moon S, Chang MS, Koh SH, Choi YK. Repair Mechanisms of the Neurovascular Unit after Ischemic Stroke with a Focus on VEGF. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168543. [PMID: 34445248 PMCID: PMC8395233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional neural circuits are partially repaired after an ischemic stroke in the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, neurovascular units, including neurons, endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes maintain homeostasis; however, these cellular networks are damaged after an ischemic stroke. The present review discusses the repair potential of stem cells (i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial precursor cells, and neural stem cells) and gaseous molecules (i.e., nitric oxide and carbon monoxide) with respect to neuroprotection in the acute phase and regeneration in the late phase after an ischemic stroke. Commonly shared molecular mechanisms in the neurovascular unit are associated with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its related factors. Stem cells and gaseous molecules may exert therapeutic effects by diminishing VEGF-mediated vascular leakage and facilitating VEGF-mediated regenerative capacity. This review presents an in-depth discussion of the regeneration ability by which endogenous neural stem cells and endothelial cells produce neurons and vessels capable of replacing injured neurons and vessels in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhong Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Mi-Sook Chang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, Korea;
| | - Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-0558; Fax: +82-2-444-3490
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Cellular Crosstalk between Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in Vascular Wall Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147284. [PMID: 34298897 PMCID: PMC8306829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological vascular wall remodeling refers to the structural and functional changes of the vessel wall that occur in response to injury that eventually leads to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vessel wall are composed of two major primary cells types, endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The physiological communications between these two cell types (EC–VSMCs) are crucial in the development of the vasculature and in the homeostasis of mature vessels. Moreover, aberrant EC–VSMCs communication has been associated to the promotor of various disease states including vascular wall remodeling. Paracrine regulations by bioactive molecules, communication via direct contact (junctions) or information transfer via extracellular vesicles or extracellular matrix are main crosstalk mechanisms. Identification of the nature of this EC–VSMCs crosstalk may offer strategies to develop new insights for prevention and treatment of disease that curse with vascular remodeling. Here, we will review the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between EC and VSMCs. Additionally, we highlight the potential applicable methodologies of the co-culture systems to identify cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pathological vascular wall remodeling, opening questions about the future research directions.
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Xu S, Ilyas I, Little PJ, Li H, Kamato D, Zheng X, Luo S, Li Z, Liu P, Han J, Harding IC, Ebong EE, Cameron SJ, Stewart AG, Weng J. Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases and Beyond: From Mechanism to Pharmacotherapies. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:924-967. [PMID: 34088867 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, a cellular monolayer lining the blood vessel wall, plays a critical role in maintaining multiorgan health and homeostasis. Endothelial functions in health include dynamic maintenance of vascular tone, angiogenesis, hemostasis, and the provision of an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic interface. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium presents with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, heightened oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, leukocyte adhesion and hyperpermeability, and endothelial cell senescence. Recent studies have implicated altered endothelial cell metabolism and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition as new features of endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as a hallmark of many diverse human panvascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction has also been implicated in severe coronavirus disease 2019. Many clinically used pharmacotherapies, ranging from traditional lipid-lowering drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and antidiabetic drugs to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors and interleukin 1β monoclonal antibodies, counter endothelial dysfunction as part of their clinical benefits. The regulation of endothelial dysfunction by noncoding RNAs has provided novel insights into these newly described regulators of endothelial dysfunction, thus yielding potential new therapeutic approaches. Altogether, a better understanding of the versatile (dys)functions of endothelial cells will not only deepen our comprehension of human diseases but also accelerate effective therapeutic drug discovery. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the multiple layers of endothelial function, describe the consequences and mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, and identify pathways to effective targeted therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The endothelium was initially considered to be a semipermeable biomechanical barrier and gatekeeper of vascular health. In recent decades, a deepened understanding of the biological functions of the endothelium has led to its recognition as a ubiquitous tissue regulating vascular tone, cell behavior, innate immunity, cell-cell interactions, and cell metabolism in the vessel wall. Endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of cardiovascular, metabolic, and emerging infectious diseases. Pharmacotherapies targeting endothelial dysfunction have potential for treatment of cardiovascular and many other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Peter J Little
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Danielle Kamato
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Sihui Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Ian C Harding
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Eno E Ebong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Scott J Cameron
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
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18
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Choi YK, Kim YM. Regulation of Endothelial and Vascular Functions by Carbon Monoxide via Crosstalk With Nitric Oxide. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:649630. [PMID: 33912601 PMCID: PMC8071856 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.649630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), generated by heme oxygenase (HO), has been considered a signaling molecule in both the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. The biological function of the HO/CO axis is mostly related to other gaseous molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Healthy blood vessels are essential for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and whole-body metabolism; however, decreased or impaired vascular function is a high-risk factor of cardiovascular and neuronal diseases. Accumulating evidence supports that the interplay between CO and NO plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis and regeneration by improving endothelial function. Moreover, endothelial cells communicate with neighboring cells, such as, smooth muscle cells, immune cells, pericytes, and astrocytes in the periphery and neuronal vascular systems. Endogenous CO could mediate the cell-cell communication and improve the physiological functions of the cardiovascular and neurovascular systems via crosstalk with NO. Thus, a forward, positive feedback circuit between HO/CO and NOS/NO pathways can maintain cardiovascular and neurovascular homeostasis and prevent various human diseases. We discussed the crucial role of CO-NO crosstalk in the cardiovascular and neurovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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19
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El Kilany FH, Youness RA, Assal RA, Gad MZ. miR-744/eNOS/NO axis: A novel target to halt triple negative breast cancer progression. Breast Dis 2021; 40:161-169. [PMID: 33749631 DOI: 10.3233/bd-200454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) may have a dual role in cancer. At low concentrations, endogenous NO promotes tumor growth and proliferation. However, at very high concentrations, it mediates cancer cell apoptosis and inhibits cancer growth. High levels of NO have been observed in blood of breast cancer (BC) patients, which increases tumor blood flow and promotes angiogenesis. To date, the regulation of NO-synthesizing enzyme, eNOS, by miRNAs has not been adequately investigated in BC. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to unravel the possible regulation of eNOS by miRNAs in BC and to examine their influence on NO production and BC progression. METHODS Expression profile of eNOS in Egyptian BC patients and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was investigated using qRT-PCR. In-silico analysis was performed to predict a putative upstream regulator of eNOS. miR-744-5p was selected and its expression was quantified in BC tissues using qRT-PCR. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured and transfected with miR-744-5p using lipofection method. NO levels were determined using Griess Reagent. Cellular viability and colony-forming ability were assessed using MTT and colony-forming assays; respectively. RESULTS eNOS and miR-744-5p were significantly up-regulated in BC tissues compared to paired normal tissues. In-silico analysis revealed that miR-744-5p putatively binds to eNOS transcript with high binding scores. Transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells with miR-744-5p mimics resulted in a significant up-regulation of eNOS and consequently NO levels. In addition, miR-744-5p transfection led to an increase in cellular viability and colony-forming ability of the MDA-MB-231. CONCLUSION miR-744-5p acts as an upstream positive regulator of the NO synthesizing enzyme, eNOS which in turn elevates NO levels. Furthermore, miR-744-5p is a novel oncogenic miRNA in BC. Thus, targeting miR-744/eNOS/NO axis may act as a therapeutic tool in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Hady El Kilany
- Department of Biochemistry, German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana Ahmed Youness
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem Amr Assal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Gad
- Department of Biochemistry, German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Chen LJ, Li JM, Zhang WD, Liu W, Li XY, Ouyang B, Tan JL, Li Y, Chen JC, Liu ZG. LncRNA NEAT1 activates MyD88/NF-κB pathway in bronchopneumonia through targeting miR-155-5p. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:104-113. [PMID: 33719773 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1891534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopneumonia is a disease of the respiratory tract. It leads to other complications and endangers life and health. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) participates in the occurrence and development of bronchopneumonia. Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) plays a key role in inflammatory diseases, but the function of NEAT1 in bronchopneumonia remains unclear. METHODS RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed to determine genes and proteins expressions. MTT was applied to test cell viability. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RIP was used to investigate the correlation between NEAT1 and miR-155-5p. The interaction between miR-155-5p and NEAT1 or MyD88 was evaluated by the dual-luciferase reporter gene. RESULTS NEAT1 and MyD88 were upregulated in BEAS-2B cells by LPS, while miR-155-5p was downregulated. Knockdown of NEAT1 inhibited LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells growth inhibition by inhibiting the apoptosis. In addition, NEAT1 silencing suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory responses in BEAS-2B cells via suppression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. Meanwhile, NEAT1 is directly bound to miR-155-5p to regulate MyD88/NF-κB axis, and overexpression of miR-155-5p increased cell proliferation and suppressed inflammatory factors expression levels and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, sh-NEAT1-induced inhibition of BEAS-2B cells injury was partially reversed by miR-155-5p inhibitor or MyD88 overexpression. CONCLUSION NEAT1 silencing suppressed LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells injury and inflammation by the mediation of miR-155-5p/MyD88/NF-κB axis. Thus, our study might shed new light on exploring the new strategies for the treatment of bronchopneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jia Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Min Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Ying Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Long Tan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Chuan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Guang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, P. R. China
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21
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Zou D, Li Z, Lv F, Yang Y, Yang C, Song J, Chen Y, Jin Z, Zhou J, Jiang Y, Ma Y, Jing Z, Tang Y, Zhang Y. Pan-Cancer Analysis of NOS3 Identifies Its Expression and Clinical Relevance in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:592761. [PMID: 33747912 PMCID: PMC7969995 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.592761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:NOS3 (endothelial NOS, eNOS) is a member of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme family, mainly participating in nitric oxide (NO) generation. NOS3 has been reported to inhibit apoptosis and promote angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasiveness. However, the expression pattern of NOS3 and its diagnostic and prognostic potential has not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. Methods: Data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) were employed and NOS3 expression was comprehensively analyzed in normal tissues, cancer tissues, and cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections were used to validate the prognostic role of NOS3 in gastric cancer patients. GSVA and GSEA analyses were performed to investigate signaling pathways related to NOS3 expression. Results: In normal tissues, NOS3 was expressed highest in the spleen and lowest in the blood. NOS3 expression was increased in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients. Immunohistochemical staining validated that NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer. Several canonical cancer-related pathways were found to be correlated with NOS3 expression in STAD. The expression of NOS3 was related to the response to QS-11 and brivinib in STAD. Conclusions:NOS3 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with STAD. Increased expression of NOS3 influenced occurrence and development of STAD through several canonical cancer-related pathways. Drug response analysis reported drugs to suppress NOS3. NOS3 might be a novel target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zou
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Lv
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjiao Yang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincheng Song
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Disease of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi Jin
- The First Department of Oncology, Shenyang Fifth People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanju Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhitao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Insititute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Lee Y, Im E. Regulation of miRNAs by Natural Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Diseases: Focus on SIRT1 and eNOS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030377. [PMID: 33802566 PMCID: PMC8000568 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The potential benefits of natural antioxidants derived from supplemental nutrients against CVDs are well known. Remarkably, natural antioxidants exert cardioprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, increasing vasodilation, and normalizing endothelial dysfunction. Recently, considerable evidence has highlighted an important role played by the synergistic interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the maintenance of endothelial function. To provide a new perspective on the role of natural antioxidants against CVDs, we focused on microRNAs (miRNAs), which are important posttranscriptional modulators in human diseases. Several miRNAs are regulated via the consumption of natural antioxidants and are related to the regulation of oxidative stress by targeting eNOS and/or SIRT1. In this review, we have discussed the specific molecular regulation of eNOS/SIRT1-related endothelial dysfunction and its contribution to CVD pathologies; furthermore, we selected nine different miRNAs that target the expression of eNOS and SIRT1 in CVDs. Additionally, we have summarized the alteration of miRNA expression and regulation of activities of miRNA through natural antioxidant consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eunok Im
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2812; Fax: +82-51-513-6754
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23
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Ali A, Wang Y, Wu L, Yang G. Gasotransmitter signaling in energy homeostasis and metabolic disorders. Free Radic Res 2020; 55:83-105. [PMID: 33297784 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1862827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are small molecules of gases, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO). These three gasotransmitters can be endogenously produced and regulate a wide range of pathophysiological processes by interacting with specific targets upon diffusion in the biological media. By redox and epigenetic regulation of various physiological functions, NO, H2S, and CO are critical for the maintenance of intracellular energy homeostasis. Accumulated evidence has shown that these three gasotransmitters control ATP generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis, etc. Abnormal generation and metabolism of NO, H2S, and/or CO are involved in various abnormal metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. In this review, we summarized the roles of NO, H2S, and CO in the regulation of energy homeostasis as well as their involvements in the metabolism of dysfunction-related diseases. Understanding the interaction among these gasotransmitters and their specific molecular targets are very important for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Science North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
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24
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25
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Kim TH, Kim JY, Bae J, Kim YM, Won MH, Ha KS, Kwon YG, Kim YM. Korean Red ginseng prevents endothelial senescence by downregulating the HO-1/NF-κB/miRNA-155-5p/eNOS pathway. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:344-353. [PMID: 33841015 PMCID: PMC8020293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Korean Red ginseng extract (KRGE) has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system by improving endothelial cell function. However, its pharmacological effect on endothelial cell senescence has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, we examined the effect and molecular mechanism of KRGE on the senescence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods HUVECs were grown in normal or KRGE-supplemented medium. Furthermore, they were transfected with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene or treated with its inhibitor, a NF-κB inhibitor, and a miR-155-5p mimic or inhibitor. Senescence-associated characteristics of endothelial cells were determined by biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. Results Treatment of HUVECs with KRGE resulted in delayed onset and progression of senescence-associated characteristics, such as increased lysosomal acidic β-galactosidase and decreased telomerase activity, angiogenic dysfunction, and abnormal cell morphology. KRGE preserved the levels of anti-senescent factors, such as eNOS-derived NO, MnSOD, and cyclins D and A: however, it decreased the levels of senescence-promoting factors, such as ROS, activated NF-κB, endothelial cell inflammation, and p21 expression. The beneficial effects of KRGE were due to the induction of HO-1 and the inhibition of NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of miR-155-5p that led to the downregulation of eNOS. Moreover, treatment with inhibitors of HO-1, NF-κB, and miR-155-5p abolished the anti-senescence effects of KRGE. Conclusion KRGE delayed or prevented HUVEC senescence through a signaling cascade involving the induction of HO-1, the inhibition of NF-κB-dependent miR-155-5p biogenesis, and the maintenance of the eNOS/NO axis activity, suggesting that it may protect against vascular diseases associated with endothelial senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jieun Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, South Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, South Korea
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26
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Zhang DD, Liang YF, Qi J, Kang KB, Yu XJ, Gao HL, Liu KL, Chen YM, Shi XL, Xin GR, Fu LY, Kang YM, Cui W. Carbon Monoxide Attenuates High Salt-Induced Hypertension While Reducing Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in the Paraventricular Nucleus. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 19:451-464. [PMID: 31037602 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09517-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) presents anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as a new gaseous neuromessenger produced by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the body. High salt-induced hypertension is relevant to the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs) and oxidative stress in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We explored whether CO in PVN can attenuate high salt-induced hypertension by regulating PICs or oxidative stress. Male Dahl Salt-Sensitive rats were fed high-salt (8% NaCl) or normal-salt (0.3% NaCl) diet for 4 weeks. CORM-2, ZnPP IX, or vehicle was microinjected into bilateral PVN for 6 weeks. High-salt diet increased the levels of MAP, plasma norepinephrine (NE), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expressions of COX2, IL-1β, IL-6, NOX2, and NOX4 significantly in PVN (p < 0.05), but decreased the expressions of HO-1 and Cu/Zn-SOD in PVN (p < 0.05). Salt increased sympathetic activity as measured by circulating norepinephrine, and increased the ratio of basal RSNA to max RSNA, in part by decreasing max RSNA. PVN microinjection of CORM-2 decreased the levels of MAP, NE, RSNA, ROS and the expressions of COX2, IL-1β, IL-6, NOX2, NOX4 significantly in PVN of hypertensive rat (p < 0.05), but increased the expressions of HO-1 and Cu/Zn-SOD significantly (p < 0.05), which were all opposite to the effects of ZnPP IX microinjected in PVN (p < 0.05). We concluded that exogenous or endogenous CO attenuates high salt-induced hypertension by regulating PICs and oxidative stress in PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Yan-Feng Liang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Kai B Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hong-Li Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan-Mei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guo-Rui Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li-Yan Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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27
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Peterson SJ, Dave N, Kothari J. The Effects of Heme Oxygenase Upregulation on Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1061-1070. [PMID: 31880952 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Obesity is a chronic condition that is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress with consequent cardiovascular complications of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and vascular dysfunction. Obesity-induced metabolic syndrome remains an epidemic of global proportions. Recent Advances: Gene targeting of the endothelium with a retrovirus using an endothelium-specific promoter vascular endothelium cadherin (VECAD)-HO-1 offers a potential long-term solution to adiposity by targeting the endothelium. This has resulted in improvements of both vascular function and adiposity attenuation. Critical Issues: Heme oxygenase plays an ever-increasing role in the understanding of human biology in the complex conditions of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) system creates biliverdin/bilirubin, which functions as an antioxidant, and carbon monoxide, which has antiapoptotic properties. Future Directions: Upregulation of HO-1 has been shown to improve adiposity as well as vascular function in both animal and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Niel Dave
- New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Janish Kothari
- New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
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28
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Regenerative Potential of Carbon Monoxide in Adult Neural Circuits of the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072273. [PMID: 32218342 PMCID: PMC7177523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of adult neural circuits after an injury is limited in the central nervous system (CNS). Heme oxygenase (HO) is an enzyme that produces HO metabolites, such as carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin and iron by heme degradation. CO may act as a biological signal transduction effector in CNS regeneration by stimulating neuronal intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms as well as mitochondrial biogenesis. CO may give directions by which the injured neurovascular system switches into regeneration mode by stimulating endogenous neural stem cells and endothelial cells to produce neurons and vessels capable of replacing injured neurons and vessels in the CNS. The present review discusses the regenerative potential of CO in acute and chronic neuroinflammatory diseases of the CNS, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease and the role of signaling pathways and neurotrophic factors. CO-mediated facilitation of cellular communications may boost regeneration, consequently forming functional adult neural circuits in CNS injury.
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29
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Fan Z, Zhang Y, Xiao D, Ma J, Liu H, Shen L, Zhang M, He B. Long noncoding RNA UC.98 stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques by promoting the proliferation and adhesive capacity in murine aortic endothelial cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:141-149. [PMID: 31942916 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological studies have shown that the vulnerability of plaques affects outcomes in patients with atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease and common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although emerging technologies have enabled early diagnosis of AS with high-risk vulnerable plaques, more accurate and noninvasive diagnostic methods are urgently required. To this end, molecules involved in genetic or epigenetic regulation of the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques have been extensively studied. Here, we evaluated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) variability by microarray assay in murine aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) bearing vulnerable plaques and identified the novel functional lncRNA UC.98, whose expression pattern was associated with the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques. Consistent with this, clinical statistics comparing the peripheral blood specimens from sets of patients with AS with or without vulnerable plaques confirmed the linear relationship between the expression pattern of UC.98 and plaque instability. Moreover, MTT assays and western blot analysis showed that silencing of intrinsic UC.98 in MAECs not only suppressed cell proliferation but also decreased the expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, thereby inactivating the nuclear factor-κB pathway. In conclusion, our results highlighted the pivotal role of UC.98 in regulating the vulnerability of plaques during AS progression and suggested that UC.98 may be a biomarker of the early diagnosis and prognosis of AS with vulnerable plaques and a potential therapeutic target for slowing AS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Fan
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Danrui Xiao
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jianwei Ma
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Linghong Shen
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ben He
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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30
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Fürstenau CR, de Souza ICC, de Oliveira MR. The effects of kahweol, a diterpene present in coffee, on the mitochondria of the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Gangliosides Contribute to Vascular Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081819. [PMID: 31013778 PMCID: PMC6515378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin in physiological concentrations is important to maintain vascular function. Moreover, vascular insulin resistance contributes to vascular impairment. In the elderly, other factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation amplify senescence of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In turn, senescence increases the risk for vascular-related diseases such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, it was found that GM1 ganglioside, one of the glycolipids localized on the cell membrane, mediates vascular insulin resistance by promoting senescence and/or inflammatory stimulation. First, it was shown that increased GM1 levels associated with aging/senescence contribute to insulin resistance in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Second, the expression levels of gangliosides were monitored in HAECs treated with different concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) for different time intervals to mimic in vivo acute or chronic inflammatory conditions. Third, the levels of insulin signaling-related molecules were monitored in HAECs after TNFα treatment with or without inhibitors of ganglioside synthesis. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in aged/senescent and TNFα-stimulated endothelial cells mediated by gangliosides and highlight the possible roles of gangliosides in vascular insulin resistance-related diseases.
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32
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NF-κB-responsive miR-155 induces functional impairment of vascular smooth muscle cells by downregulating soluble guanylyl cyclase. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 30765689 PMCID: PMC6376011 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an important role in maintaining vascular function. Inflammation-mediated VSMC dysfunction leads to atherosclerotic intimal hyperplasia and preeclamptic hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. We analyzed the expression levels of microRNA-155 (miR-155) in cultured VSMCs, mouse vessels, and clinical specimens and then assessed its role in VSMC function. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) elevated miR-155 biogenesis in cultured VSMCs and vessel segments, which was prevented by NF-κB inhibition. MiR-155 expression was also increased in high-fat diet-fed ApoE−/− mice and in patients with atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The miR-155 levels were inversely correlated with soluble guanylyl cyclase β1 (sGCβ1) expression and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cGMP production through targeting the sGCβ1 transcript. TNF-α-induced miR-155 caused VSMC phenotypic switching, which was confirmed by the downregulation of VSMC-specific marker genes, suppression of cell proliferation and migration, alterations in cell morphology, and NO-induced vasorelaxation. These events were mitigated by miR-155 inhibition. Moreover, TNF-α did not cause VSMC phenotypic modulation and limit NO-induced vasodilation in aortic vessels of miR-155−/− mice. These findings suggest that NF-κB-induced miR-155 impairs the VSMC contractile phenotype and NO-mediated vasorelaxation by downregulating sGCβ1 expression. These data suggest that NF-κB-responsive miR-155 is a novel negative regulator of VSMC functions by impairing the sGC/cGMP pathway, which is essential for maintaining the VSMC contractile phenotype and vasorelaxation, offering a new therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The overexpression of a microRNA molecule adversely affects the functioning of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and may contribute to the development of artherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The interactions between VSMCs and the cells lining blood vessels (endothelium) are crucial for maintaining the healthy phenotype and relaxation of blood vessels. Disruption to these interactions via inflammation, for example, can trigger serious vascular diseases. Young-Myeong Kim at Kangwon National University, Chungcheon, South Korea, and co-workers demonstrated that expression levels of a microRNA-155 are elevated in patients with artherosclerosis and preeclampsia, while an enzyme found in VSMCs called soluble guanylyl cyclase is considerably reduced. Using human and mice tissues, the team showed that miR-155 impairs the contractile phenotype and relaxation of VSMCs by reducing guanylyl cyclase expression. Their findings may inform new therapies for vascular diseases.
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Effect of Oxidative Stress on the Estrogen-NOS-NO-K Ca Channel Pathway in Uteroplacental Dysfunction: Its Implication in Pregnancy Complications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9194269. [PMID: 30881600 PMCID: PMC6387699 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9194269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the adaptive changes in uterine circulation and the formation of the placenta are essential for the growth of the fetus and the well-being of the mother. The steroid hormone estrogen plays a pivotal role in this adaptive process. An insufficient blood supply to the placenta due to uteroplacental dysfunction has been associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR). Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between free radical formation and antioxidant defense. Pregnancy itself presents a mild oxidative stress, which is exaggerated in pregnancy complications. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays an important role in the maladaptation of uteroplacental circulation partly by impairing estrogen signaling pathways. This review is aimed at providing both an overview of our current understanding of regulation of the estrogen-NOS-NO-KCa pathway by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in uteroplacental tissues and a link between oxidative stress and uteroplacental dysfunction in pregnancy complications. A better understanding of the mechanisms will facilitate the development of novel and effective therapeutic interventions.
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Zhang RG, Pan K, Hao Y, Yip CY, Ko WH. Anti-inflammatory action of HO-1/CO in human bronchial epithelium in response to cationic polypeptide challenge. Mol Immunol 2019; 105:205-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Dymkowska D, Drabarek B, Michalik A, Nowak N, Zabłocki K. TNFα stimulates NO release in EA.hy926 cells by activating the CaMKKβ-AMPK-eNOS pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 106:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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36
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Lee H, Choi YK. Regenerative Effects of Heme Oxygenase Metabolites on Neuroinflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010078. [PMID: 30585210 PMCID: PMC6337166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) catabolizes heme to produce HO metabolites, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and bilirubin (BR), which have gained recognition as biological signal transduction effectors. The neurovascular unit refers to a highly evolved network among endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, neurons, and neural stem cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Proper communication and functional circuitry in these diverse cell types is essential for effective CNS homeostasis. Neuroinflammation is associated with the vascular pathogenesis of many CNS disorders. CNS injury elicits responses from activated glia (e.g., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and from damaged perivascular cells (e.g., pericytes and endothelial cells). Most brain lesions cause extensive proliferation and growth of existing glial cells around the site of injury, leading to reactions causing glial scarring, which may act as a major barrier to neuronal regrowth in the CNS. In addition, damaged perivascular cells lead to the breakdown of the blood-neural barrier, and an increase in immune activation, activated glia, and neuroinflammation. The present review discusses the regenerative role of HO metabolites, such as CO and BR, in various vascular diseases of the CNS such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer's disease, and the role of several other signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiju Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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37
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Kim S, Lee KS, Choi S, Kim J, Lee DK, Park M, Park W, Kim TH, Hwang JY, Won MH, Lee H, Ryoo S, Ha KS, Kwon YG, Kim YM. NF-κB-responsive miRNA-31-5p elicits endothelial dysfunction associated with preeclampsia via down-regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18989-19000. [PMID: 30279269 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), were elevated in patients with cardiovascular diseases and are also considered as crucial factors in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia; however, the underlying pathogenic mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. This study provides novel evidence that TNFα leads to endothelial dysfunction associated with hypertension and vascular remodeling in preeclampsia through down-regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) by NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of microRNA (miR)-31-5p, which targets eNOS mRNA. In this study, we found that miR-31-5p was up-regulated in sera from patients with preeclampsia and in human endothelial cells treated with TNFα. TNFα-mediated induction of miR-31-5p was blocked by an NF-κB inhibitor and NF-κB p65 knockdown but not by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors, indicating that NF-κB is essential for biogenesis of miR-31-5p. The treatment of human endothelial cells with TNFα or miR-31-5p mimics decreased endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA stability without affecting eNOS promoter activity, resulting in inhibition of eNOS expression and NO/cGMP production through blocking of the functional activity of the eNOS mRNA 3'-UTR. Moreover, TNFα and miR-31-5p mimic evoked endothelial dysfunction associated with defects in angiogenesis, trophoblastic invasion, and vasorelaxation in an ex vivo cultured model of human placental arterial vessels, which are typical features of preeclampsia. These results suggest that NF-κB-responsive miR-31-5p elicits endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and vascular remodeling via post-transcriptional down-regulation of eNOS and is a molecular risk factor in the pathogenesis and development of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Kyu-Sun Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Seunghwan Choi
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Joohwan Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Dong-Keon Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Minsik Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Wonjin Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | | | - Moo-Ho Won
- Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341
| | - Hansoo Lee
- the Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, and
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- the Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, and
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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38
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Jackson AO, Regine MA, Subrata C, Long S. Molecular mechanisms and genetic regulation in atherosclerosis. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2018; 21:36-44. [PMID: 30276232 PMCID: PMC6161413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) manifested by lipid accumulation, extracellular matrix protein deposition, and calcification in the intima and media of the large to medium size arteries promoting arterial stiffness and reduction of elasticity. It has been accepted that AS leads to increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies indicated that genetic abnormalities play an important role in the development of AS. Specific genetic mutation and histone modification have been found to induce AS formation. Furthermore, specific RNAs such as microRNAs and circular RNAs have been identified to play a crucial role in the progression of AS. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which genetic mutation, DNA and histone modification, microRNAs and circular RNA induce AS still remain elusive. This review describes specific mechanisms and pathways through which genetic mutation, DNA and histone modification, microRNAs and circular RNA instigate AS. This review further provides a therapeutic strategic direction for the treatment of AS targeting genetic mechanisms. DNA and histone modifications promote transcriptional changes in atherosclerosis. Gene mutations cause dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia to promote atherosclerosis. miRNAs and cirRNA are involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Gene mutations associated oxidative stress and altered inflammatory and nutritive factors promote atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampadu-Okyere Jackson
- Research lab of translational medicine, Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.,International college, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Mugwaneza Annick Regine
- Research lab of translational medicine, Medical school, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.,International college, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Chakrabarti Subrata
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shiyin Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
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39
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Choi S, Park M, Kim J, Park W, Kim S, Lee DK, Hwang JY, Choe J, Won MH, Ryoo S, Ha KS, Kwon YG, Kim YM. TNF-α elicits phenotypic and functional alterations of vascular smooth muscle cells by miR-155-5p-dependent down-regulation of cGMP-dependent kinase 1. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14812-14822. [PMID: 30104414 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKG1) plays an important role in nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-mediated maintenance of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype and vasorelaxation. Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), have long been understood to mediate several inflammatory vascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of TNFα-dependent inflammatory vascular disease is unclear. Here, we found that TNFα treatment decreased PKG1 expression in cultured VSMCs, which correlated with NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of miR-155-5p that targeted the 3'-UTR of PKG1 mRNA. TNFα induced VSMC phenotypic switching from a contractile to a synthetic state through the down-regulation of VSMC marker genes, suppression of actin polymerization, alteration of cell morphology, and elevation of cell proliferation and migration. All of these events were blocked by treatment with an inhibitor of miR-155-5p or PKG1, whereas transfection with miR-155-5p mimic or PKG1 siRNA promoted phenotypic modulation, similar to the response to TNFα. In addition, TNFα-induced miR-155-5p inhibited the vasorelaxant response of de-endothelialized mouse aortic vessels to 8-Br-cGMP by suppressing phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase and myosin light chain, both of which are downstream signal modulators of PKG1. Moreover, TNFα-induced VSMC phenotypic alteration and vasodilatory dysfunction were blocked by NF-κB inhibition. These results suggest that TNFα impairs NO/cGMP-mediated maintenance of the VSMC contractile phenotype and vascular relaxation by down-regulating PKG1 through NF-κB-dependent biogenesis of miR-155-5p. Thus, the NF-κB/miR-155-5p/PKG1 axis may be crucial in the pathogenesis of inflammatory vascular diseases, such as atherosclerotic intimal hyperplasia and preeclamptic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwan Choi
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Minsik Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Joohwan Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Wonjin Park
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Suji Kim
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Dong-Keon Lee
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | | | | | - Moo-Ho Won
- Neurobiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- the Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, and
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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40
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Qiu L, Zhang Y, Do DC, Ke X, Zhang S, Lambert K, Kumar S, Hu C, Zhou Y, Ishmael FT, Gao P. miR-155 Modulates Cockroach Allergen- and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 in Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:916-929. [PMID: 29967100 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to cockroach allergen is a strong risk factor for developing asthma. Asthma has been associated with allergen-induced airway epithelial damage and heightened oxidant stress. In this study, we investigated cockroach allergen-induced oxidative stress in airway epithelium and its underlying mechanisms. We found that cockroach extract (CRE) could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, particularly mitochondrial-derived ROS, in human bronchial epithelial cells. We then used the RT2 Profiler PCR array and identified that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was the most significantly upregulated gene related to CRE-induced oxidative stress. miR-155, predicted to target COX-2, was increased in CRE-treated human bronchial epithelial cells, and was showed to regulate COX-2 expression. Moreover, miR-155 can bind COX-2, induce COX-2 reporter activity, and maintain mRNA stability. Furthermore, CRE-treated miR-155-/- mice showed reduced levels of ROS and COX-2 expression in lung tissues and PGE2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with wild-type mice. These miR-155-/- mice also showed reduced lung inflammation and Th2/Th17 cytokines. In contrast, when miR-155-/- mice were transfected with adeno-associated virus carrying miR-155, the phenotypic changes in CRE-treated miR-155-/- mice were remarkably reversed, including ROS, COX-2 expression, lung inflammation, and Th2/Th17 cytokines. Importantly, plasma miR-155 levels were elevated in severe asthmatics when compared with nonasthmatics or mild-to-moderate asthmatics. These increased plasma miR-155 levels were also observed in asthmatics with cockroach allergy compared with those without cockroach allergy. Collectively, these findings suggest that COX-2 is a major gene related to cockroach allergen-induced oxidative stress and highlight a novel role of miR-155 in regulating the ROS-COX-2 axis in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Qiu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Danh C Do
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Xia Ke
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Simin Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033; and
| | - Kristin Lambert
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033; and
| | - Shruthi Kumar
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Faoud T Ishmael
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033; and
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224;
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