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Wang Y, Jiang W, Li C, Wang Z, Lu C, Cheng J, Wei S, Yang J, Yang Q. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses elucidate the mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis in the regulation of mulberry seed germination under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:132. [PMID: 38383312 PMCID: PMC10880279 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Seed propagation is the main method of mulberry expansion in China, an important economic forest species. However, seed germination is the most sensitive stage to various abiotic stresses, especially salinity stress. To reveal the molecular regulatory mechanism of mulberry seed germination under salt stress, flavonoid metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were performed on mulberry seeds germinated under 50 and 100 mmol/L NaCl stress. Analysis of the flavonoid metabolome revealed that a total of 145 differential flavonoid metabolites (DFMs) were classified into 9 groups, 40 flavonols, 32 flavones, 16 chalcones and 14 flavanones. Among them, 61.4% (89) of the DFMs accumulated continuously with increasing salt concentration, reaching the highest level at a 100 mmol/L salt concentration; these DFMs included quercetin-3-O-glucoside (isoquercitrin), kaempferol (3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), quercetin-7-O-glucoside, taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone), indicating that these flavonoids may be key metabolites involved in the response to salt stress. Transcriptional analysis identified a total of 3055 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), most of which were enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis (ko00941), phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (ko00940) and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (ko01110). Combined analysis of flavonoid metabolomic and transcriptomic data indicated that phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS), flavonol synthase (FLS), bifunctional dihydroflavonol 4-reductase/flavanone 4-reductase (DFR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) were the key genes involved in flavonoid accumulation during mulberry seed germination under 50 and 100 mmol/L NaCl stress. In addition, three transcription factors, MYB, bHLH and NAC, were involved in the regulation of flavonoid accumulation under salt stress. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) validation showed that the expression levels of 11 DEGs, including 7 genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, under different salt concentrations were consistent with the transcriptomic data, and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) results showed that the expression levels of 6 key enzymes (proteins) involved in flavonoid synthesis were consistent with the accumulation of flavonoids. This study provides a new perspective for investigating the regulatory role of flavonoid biosynthesis in the regulation of mulberry seed germination under salt stress at different concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenlei Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenjiang Wang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510610, China
| | - Can Lu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Junsen Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanglin Wei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiasong Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China
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Del Campo EM, Gasulla F, Hell AF, González-Hourcade M, Casano LM. Comparative Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Provide New Insights into the Tolerance to Cyclic Dehydration in a Lichen Phycobiont. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1725-1739. [PMID: 37039841 PMCID: PMC10497648 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02213-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation tolerance (DT) is relatively frequent in non-vascular plants and green algae. However, it is poorly understood how successive dehydration/rehydration (D/R) cycles shape their transcriptomes and proteomes. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of adjustments on both transcript and protein profiles in response to successive D/R cycles in Coccomyxa simplex (Csol), isolated from the lichen Solorina saccata. A total of 1833 transcripts and 2332 proteins were differentially abundant as a consequence of D/R; however, only 315 of these transcripts/proteins showed similar trends. Variations in both transcriptomes and proteomes along D/R cycles together with functional analyses revealed an extensive decrease in transcript and protein levels during dehydration, most of them involved in gene expression, metabolism, substance transport, signalling and folding catalysis, among other cellular functions. At the same time, a series of protective transcripts/proteins, such as those related to antioxidant defence, polyol metabolism and autophagy, was upregulated during dehydration. Overall, our results show a transient decrease in most cellular functions as a result of drying and a gradual reactivation of specific cell processes to accommodate the hydration status along successive D/R cycles. This study provides new insights into key mechanisms involved in the DT of Csol and probably other dehydration-tolerant microalgae. In addition, functionally characterising the high number of genes/proteins of unknown functions found in this study may lead to the discovery of new DT mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Del Campo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Francisco Gasulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Aline F Hell
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, 09606-070, São Bernardo Do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - María González-Hourcade
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leonardo M Casano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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Pagano A, Kunz L, Dittmann A, Araújo SDS, Macovei A, Shridhar Gaonkar S, Sincinelli F, Wazeer H, Balestrazzi A. Changes in Medicago truncatula seed proteome along the rehydration-dehydration cycle highlight new players in the genotoxic stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1188546. [PMID: 37409306 PMCID: PMC10319343 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1188546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Several molecular aspects underlying the seed response to priming and the resulting vigor profile are still poorly understood. Mechanisms involved in genome maintenance deserve attention since the balance between stimulation of germination and DNA damage accumulation versus active repair is a key determinant for designing successful seed priming protocols. Methods Changes in the Medicago truncatula seed proteome were investigated in this study, using discovery mass spectrometry and label-free quantification, along the rehydration-dehydration cycle of a standard vigorization treatment (hydropriming plus dry-back), and during post-priming imbibition. Resuts and discussion From 2056 to 2190 proteins were detected in each pairwise comparison, among which six were differentially accumulated and 36 were detected only in one condition. The following proteins were selected for further investigation: MtDRP2B (DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN), MtTRXm4 (THIOREDOXIN m4), and MtASPG1 (ASPARTIC PROTEASE IN GUARD CELL 1) showing changes in seeds under dehydration stress; MtITPA (INOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE), MtABA2 (ABSCISIC ACID DEFICIENT 2), MtRS2Z32 (SERINE/ARGININE-RICH SPLICING FACTOR RS2Z32), and MtAQR (RNA HELICASE AQUARIUS) that were differentially regulated during post-priming imbibition. Changes in the corresponding transcript levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. In animal cells, ITPA hydrolyses 2'-deoxyinosine triphosphate and other inosine nucleotides, preventing genotoxic damage. A proof of concept was performed by imbibing primed and control M. truncatula seeds in presence/absence of 20 mM 2'-deoxyinosine (dI). Results from comet assay highlighted the ability of primed seeds to cope with dI-induced genotoxic damage. The seed repair response was assessed by monitoring the expression profiles of MtAAG (ALKYL-ADENINE DNA GLYCOSILASE) and MtEndoV (ENDONUCLEASE V) genes that participate in the repair of the mismatched I:T pair in BER (base excision repair) and AER (alternative excision repair) pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Kunz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antje Dittmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susana De Sousa Araújo
- Association BLC3 - Campus of Technology and Innovation, Centre BIO R&D Unit | North Delegation, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Federico Sincinelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hisham Wazeer
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
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Yang R, Li X, Yang Q, Zhao M, Bai W, Liang Y, Liu X, Gao B, Zhang D. Transcriptional profiling analysis providing insights into desiccation tolerance mechanisms of the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1127541. [PMID: 36909421 PMCID: PMC9995853 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Syntrichia caninervis is a desiccation tolerant moss and is the dominant bryophyte found in biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut desert. In this study, we assessed the transcriptome profiles of S. caninervis gametophytes during the dehydration-rehydration (D-R) process (across 9 time points) using Illumina sequencing. In total, 22489 transcripts were identified, including 5337 novel transcripts, that mapped to the reference genome. A total of 12548 transcripts exhibited significant alterations in the D-R samples compared with the control samples. The differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) possessed several enriched Gene Ontology terms, such as "water stress response", "oxidation-reduction process", "membrane metabolism", "photosynthesis", and "transcription factor activity". Moreover, during early dehydration stress, the DETs were significantly enriched in stress-related pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, such as "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis", "alpha-linolenic acid metabolism", and "fructose and mannose metabolism". Photosynthesis-related transcripts (e.g., ScPsa H, ScRubisco, and ScLhcb1) were inhibited during the dehydration treatment and significantly accumulated during the late rehydration period. Most transcripts from the late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA) and early light-inducible protein (ELIP) families strongly accumulated at the late dehydration stage. These pathways were positively correlated with the content changes of absolute water content and Fv/Fm values, alongside peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Seven transcription factor families, including AP2-ERF, bHLH, G2-like, MYB, NAC, WRKY, and bZIP, were enriched in DETs during D-R treatment. This study is the first transcriptome analysis using the S. caninervis genome for gene annotation and multigroup D-R treatment points. Our results demonstrated the detailed dynamic changes in the transcriptome of S. caninervis during the D-R process. These results also improve understanding of desiccation tolerant plants' adaptations to desiccation stress at the transcription level and provide promising gene resources for transgenic crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, China
| | - Qilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, China
| | - Xiujin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, China
| | - Bei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, China
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A WRKY Protein, MfWRKY40, of Resurrection Plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia Plays a Positive Role in Regulating Tolerance to Drought and Salinity Stresses of Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158145. [PMID: 35897721 PMCID: PMC9330732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs), one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, play an important role in abiotic stress responses. The resurrection plant, Myrothamnus flabellifolia, has a strong tolerance to dehydration, but only a few WRKY proteins related to abiotic stress response have been identified and functionally characterized in M. flabellifolia. In this study, we identified an early dehydration-induced gene, MfWRKY40, of M. flabellifolia. The deduced MfWRKY40 protein has a conserved WRKY motif but lacks a typical zinc finger motif in the WRKY domain and is localized in the nucleus. To investigate its potential roles in abiotic stresses, we overexpressed MfWRKY40 in Arabidopsis and found that transgenic lines exhibited better tolerance to both drought and salt stresses. Further detailed analysis indicated that MfWRKY40 promoted primary root length elongation and reduced water loss rate and stomata aperture (width/length) under stress, which may provide Arabidopsis the better water uptake and retention abilities. MfWRKY40 also facilitated osmotic adjustment under drought and salt stresses by accumulating more osmolytes, such as proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein. Additionally, the antioxidation ability of transgenic lines was also significantly enhanced, represented by higher chlorophyll content, less malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species accumulations, as well as higher antioxidation enzyme activities. All these results indicated that MfWRKY40 might positively regulate tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. Further investigation on the relationship of the missing zinc finger motif of MfWRKY40 and its regulatory role is necessary to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the excellent drought tolerance of M. flabellifolia.
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Huang Z, Tang R, Yi X, Xu W, Zhu P, Jiang CZ. Overexpressing Phytochrome Interacting Factor 8 of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Enhanced Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158155. [PMID: 35897731 PMCID: PMC9331687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant found in the world and can survive from long-term desiccation. Therefore, M. flabellifolia could be considered as a valuable resource for study of plant adaptation to abiotic stress. However, few genes related to its drought tolerance have been functionally characterized and the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown. The phytochrome interacting factor (PIF) family is a group of basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors and functions as the core regulator in plant growth and development. However, less is known of its participation in abiotic stress response. In this study, we isolated and characterized a dehydration-inducible PIF gene MfPIF8 from M. flabellifolia. Heterologous expression of MfPIF8 in Arabidopsis enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stresses at seedling and adult stages. It significantly increased primary root length and stomatal aperture (ration of length/width) under stress treatments and decreased water loss rate. Compared with WT, the transgenic lines overexpressing MfPIF8 exhibited higher chlorophyll content and lower malondialdehyde accumulation. The abilities of osmotic adjustment and reactive oxygen species scavenging were also enhanced in MfPIF8 transgenic lines. These results suggest that MfPIF8 may participate in the positive regulation of abiotic stress responses. Additional investigation of its mechanism is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13438934187
| | - Rong Tang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Xin Yi
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peilei Zhu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Huang Z, Song L, Xiao Y, Zhong X, Wang J, Xu W, Jiang CZ. Overexpression of Myrothamnus flabellifolia MfWRKY41 confers drought and salinity tolerance by enhancing root system and antioxidation ability in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:967352. [PMID: 35937333 PMCID: PMC9355591 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant discovered so far and could recover from extreme desiccation condition. However, few genes related to its strong drought tolerance have been characterized, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains mysterious. Members of WRKY transcription factor family are effective in regulating abiotic stress responses or tolerance in various plants. An early dehydration-induced gene encoding a WRKY transcription factor namely MfWRKY41 was isolated from M. flabellifolia, which is homologous to AtWRKY41 of Arabidopsis. It contains a typical WRKY domain and zinc finger motif, and is located in the nucleus. Comparing to wild type, the four transgenic lines overexpressing MfWRKY41 showed better growth performance under drought and salt treatments, and exhibited higher chlorophyll content, lower water loss rate and stomatal aperture and better osmotic adjustment capacity. These results indicated that MfWRKY41 of M. flabellifolia positively regulates drought as well as salinity responses. Interestingly, the root system architecture, including lateral root number and primary root length, of the transgenic lines was enhanced by MfWRKY41 under both normal and stressful conditions, and the antioxidation ability was also significantly improved. Therefore, MfWRKY41 may have potential application values in genetic improvement of plant tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. The molecular mechanism involving in the regulatory roles of MfWRKY41 is worthy being explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Song
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhong
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiatong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, United States
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Huang Z, Liu L, Jian L, Xu W, Wang J, Li Y, Jiang CZ. Heterologous Expression of MfWRKY7 of Resurrection Plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147890. [PMID: 35887237 PMCID: PMC9324418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity have become major environmental problems that affect the production of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. The identification of stress-tolerant genes from plants adaptive to harsh environments might be a feasible strategy for plant genetic improvement to address the challenges brought by global climate changes. In this study, a dehydration-upregulated gene MfWRKY7 of resurrection Plant Myrothamnusflabellifolia, encoding a group IId WRKY transcription factor, was cloned and characterized. The overexpression of MfWRKY7 in Arabidopsis increased root length and tolerance to drought and NaCl at both seedling and adult stages. Further investigation indicated that MfWRKY7 transgenic plants had higher contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar but a lower water loss rate and malondialdehyde content compared with wild-type plants under both drought and salinity stresses. Moreover, the higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower accumulation of O2− and H2O2 in MfWRKY7 transgenic plants were also found, indicating enhanced antioxidation capacity by MfWRKY7. These findings showed that MfWRKY7 may function in positive regulation of responses to drought and salinity stresses, and therefore, it has potential application value in genetic improvement of plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-134-3893-4187
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Linli Jian
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiatong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaxuan Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Heterologous Expression of Dehydration-Inducible MfbHLH145 of Myrothamnus flabellifoli Enhanced Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105546. [PMID: 35628358 PMCID: PMC9146472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant found in the world. It has a strong tolerance to drought and can survive long-term exposure to desiccated environments. However, few genes related to its drought tolerance have been functionally characterized and the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown. In this study, we isolated a dehydration-inducible bHLH transcription factor gene MfbHLH145 from M. flabellifolia. Heterologous expression of MfbHLH145 enhanced the drought and salt tolerance of Arabidopsis. It can not only promote root system development under short-term stresses, but also improve growth performance under long-term treatments. Further investigation showed that MfbHLH145 contributes to enhanced leaf water retention capacity through the promotion of stomatal closure, increased osmolyte accumulation, and decreased stress-induced oxidative damage through an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that MfbHLH145 may be involved in the positive regulation of stress responses in M. flabellifolia. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the survival of M. flabellifolia in extreme dehydration conditions.
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Tebele SM, Marks RA, Farrant JM. Two Decades of Desiccation Biology: A Systematic Review of the Best Studied Angiosperm Resurrection Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122784. [PMID: 34961255 PMCID: PMC8706221 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Resurrection plants have an extraordinary ability to survive extreme water loss but still revive full metabolic activity when rehydrated. These plants are useful models to understand the complex biology of vegetative desiccation tolerance. Despite extensive studies of resurrection plants, many details underlying the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance remain unexplored. To summarize the progress in resurrection plant research and identify unexplored questions, we conducted a systematic review of 15 model angiosperm resurrection plants. This systematic review provides an overview of publication trends on resurrection plants, the geographical distribution of species and studies, and the methodology used. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol we surveyed all publications on resurrection plants from 2000 and 2020. This yielded 185 empirical articles that matched our selection criteria. The most investigated plants were Craterostigma plantagineum (17.5%), Haberlea rhodopensis (13.7%), Xerophyta viscosa (reclassified as X. schlechteri) (11.9%), Myrothamnus flabellifolia (8.5%), and Boea hygrometrica (8.1%), with all other species accounting for less than 8% of publications. The majority of studies have been conducted in South Africa, Bulgaria, Germany, and China, but there are contributions from across the globe. Most studies were led by researchers working within the native range of the focal species, but some international and collaborative studies were also identified. The number of annual publications fluctuated, with a large but temporary increase in 2008. Many studies have employed physiological and transcriptomic methodologies to investigate the leaves of resurrection plants, but there was a paucity of studies on roots and only one metagenomic study was recovered. Based on these findings we suggest that future research focuses on resurrection plant roots and microbiome interactions to explore microbial communities associated with these plants, and their role in vegetative desiccation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandry M. Tebele
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (S.M.T.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Rose A. Marks
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (S.M.T.); (R.A.M.)
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resiliency Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jill M. Farrant
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (S.M.T.); (R.A.M.)
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Gechev T, Lyall R, Petrov V, Bartels D. Systems biology of resurrection plants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6365-6394. [PMID: 34390381 PMCID: PMC8558194 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant species that exhibit vegetative desiccation tolerance can survive extreme desiccation for months and resume normal physiological activities upon re-watering. Here we survey the recent knowledge gathered from the sequenced genomes of angiosperm and non-angiosperm desiccation-tolerant plants (resurrection plants) and highlight some distinct genes and gene families that are central to the desiccation response. Furthermore, we review the vast amount of data accumulated from analyses of transcriptomes and metabolomes of resurrection species exposed to desiccation and subsequent rehydration, which allows us to build a systems biology view on the molecular and genetic mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsanko Gechev
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski Blvd., Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria.
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria.
| | - Rafe Lyall
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski Blvd., Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin Petrov
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski Blvd., Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Genetics, Agricultural University - Plovdiv, 12, Mendeleev Str, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
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Passon M, Weber F, Jung NU, Bartels D. Profiling of phenolic compounds in desiccation-tolerant and non-desiccation-tolerant Linderniaceae. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:521-529. [PMID: 33034094 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Craterostigma plantagineum and Lindernia brevidens are resurrection plants, so these plants can tolerate desiccation of their vegetative tissues. Different components and mechanisms contribute to desiccation tolerance and secondary plant metabolites, like phenolic compounds, may play a role during these processes. OBJECTIVES Secondary plant metabolites of the two resurrection plants, C. plantagineum and L. brevidens as well as the closely related desiccation sensitive species, L. subracemosa, were investigated regarding the polyphenol profile. MATERIAL AND METHODS Secondary plant compounds were extracted with acidified methanol and analysed with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS). Phenolic compounds were identified by comparing of ultraviolet (UV) and MSn -spectra with published data. All compounds were quantified as verbascoside equivalents by external calibration at the compound specific wavelength. RESULTS In total, eight compounds that belong to the subclass of phenylethanoid glycosides and one flavone, luteolin hexoside pentoside, were identified. Two of these compounds exhibited a fragmentation pattern, which is closely related to phenylethanoid glycosides. The predominantly synthesised phenylethanoid in all of the three plant species and in every stage of hydration was verbascoside. The total content of phenolic compounds during the three stages of hydration, untreated, desiccated, and rehydrated revealed differences especially between C. plantagineum and L. brevidens as the latter one lost almost all phenolic compounds during rehydration. CONCLUSION The amount of verbascoside correlates with the degree of desiccation tolerance and verbascoside might play a role in the protective system in acting as an antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Passon
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Weber
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Udo Jung
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Present address Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Orbović V, Ravanfar SA, Acanda Y, Narvaez J, Merritt BA, Levy A, Lovatt CJ. Stress-inducible Arabidopsis thaliana RD29A promoter constitutively drives Citrus sinensis APETALA1 and LEAFY expression and precocious flowering in transgenic Citrus spp. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:687-699. [PMID: 34053006 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic 'Duncan' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) and 'Valencia' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) plants ectopically expressing C. sinensis (cv. Washington navel orange) APETALA1 (CsAP1) or LEAFY (CsLFY) genes under control of the Arabidopsis thaliana stress-inducible promoter AtRD29A flowered under non-inductive (warm temperature, well-watered) greenhouse conditions, whereas their wild-type (WT) counterparts did not. The transgenic plants that flowered exhibited no altered morphological features, except the lack of thorns characteristic of juvenile WT plants. The most precocious T0 line, 'Duncan' grapefruit (Dun134-3) expressing the CsAP1 gene, flowered and fruited when it was 4.5 years old and the T1 siblings from this line flowered and fruited when they were just over 18 months old. In contrast, T1 seedlings from three lines of 'Duncan' grapefruit expressing the CsLFY gene flowered within 3 months after germination, but were unable to support fruit development. Transcript levels of corresponding transgenes in leaves were not correlated with earliness of flowering. To further study the activity of AtRD29A, leaves from three 'Carrizo' citrange (C. sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) rootstock seedlings transformed with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene under regulation of the AtRD29A promoter were subjected to drought stress or well-watered conditions. Expression of GFP was not stress-dependent, consistent with the observation of flowering of CsAP1 and CsLFY transgenic plants under non-inductive conditions. Taken together, the results suggest that AtRD29A is constitutively expressed in a citrus background. Despite the loss of control over flowering time, transgenic citrus lines ectopically expressing C. sinensis AP1 or LFY genes under control of the A. thaliana RD29A promoter exhibit precocious flowering, fruit development and viable transgenic seed formation. These transformed lines can be useful tools to reduce the time between generations to accelerate breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Orbović
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA.
| | - Seyed Ali Ravanfar
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Yosvanis Acanda
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Javier Narvaez
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Benjamin A Merritt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Amit Levy
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - Carol J Lovatt
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Dehydration-Induced WRKY Transcriptional Factor MfWRKY70 of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Enhanced Drought and Salinity Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020327. [PMID: 33671480 PMCID: PMC7926768 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The resurrection plants Myrothamnus flabellifolia can survive long term severe drought and desiccation conditions and soon recover after rewatering. However, few genes related to such excellent drought tolerance and underlying molecular mechanism have been excavated. WRKY transcription factors play critical roles in biotic and abiotic stress signaling, in which WRKY70 functions as a positive regulator in biotic stress response but a negative regulator in abiotic stress signaling in Arabidopsis and some other plant species. In the present study, the functions of a dehydration-induced MfWRKY70 of M. flabellifolia participating was investigated in the model plant Arabidopsis. Our results indicated that MfWRKY70 was localized in the nucleus and could significantly increase tolerance to drought, osmotic, and salinity stresses by promoting root growth and water retention, as well as enhancing the antioxidant enzyme system and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and membrane-lipid stability under stressful conditions. Moreover, the expression of stress-associated genes (P5CS, NCED3 and RD29A) was positively regulated in the overexpression of MfWRKY70 Arabidopsis. We proposed that MfWRKY70 may function as a positive regulator for abiotic stress responses and can be considered as a potential gene for improvement of drought and salinity tolerance in plants.
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Qiu JR, Huang Z, Xiang XY, Xu WX, Wang JT, Chen J, Song L, Xiao Y, Li X, Ma J, Cai SZ, Sun LX, Jiang CZ. MfbHLH38, a Myrothamnus flabellifolia bHLH transcription factor, confers tolerance to drought and salinity stresses in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:542. [PMID: 33267774 PMCID: PMC7709435 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02732-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, a large transcription factors family, are involved in plant growth and development, and defensive response to various environmental stresses. The resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia is known for its extremely strong drought tolerance, but few bHLHs taking part in abiotic stress response have been unveiled in M. flabellifolia. RESULTS In the present research, we cloned and characterized a dehydration-inducible gene, MfbHLH38, from M. flabellifolia. The MfbHLH38 protein is localized in the nucleus, where it may act as a transcription factor. Heterologous expression of MfbHLH38 in Arabidopsis improved the tolerance to drought and salinity stresses, as determined by the studies on physiological indexes, such as contents of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar, water loss rate of detached leaves, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. Besides, MfbHLH38 overexpression increased the sensitivity of stomatal closure to mannitol and abscisic acid (ABA), improved ABA level under drought stress, and elevated the expression of genes associated with ABA biosynthesis and ABA responding, sucha as NCED3, P5CS, and RD29A. CONCLUSIONS Our results presented evidence that MfbHLH38 enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stresses in Arabidopsis through increasing water retention ability, regulating osmotic balance, decreasing stress-induced oxidation damage, and possibly participated in ABA-dependent stress-responding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Qiu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiang-Ying Xiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Xin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Tong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Song
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Zhen Cai
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Xia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Folk RA, Siniscalchi CM, Soltis DE. Angiosperms at the edge: Extremity, diversity, and phylogeny. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2871-2893. [PMID: 32926444 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of flowering plants is their ability to invade some of the most extreme and dynamic habitats, including cold and dry biomes, to a far greater extent than other land plants. Recent work has provided insight to the phylogenetic distribution and evolutionary mechanisms which have enabled this success, yet needed is a synthesis of evolutionary perspectives with plant physiological traits, morphology, and genomic diversity. Linking these disparate components will not only lead to better understand the evolutionary parallelism and diversification of plants with these two strategies, but also to provide the framework needed for directing future research. We summarize the primary physiological and structural traits involved in response to cold- and drought stress, outline the phylogenetic distribution of these adaptations, and describe the recurring association of these changes with rapid diversification events that occurred in multiple lineages over the past 15 million years. Across these threefold facets of dry-cold correlation (traits, phylogeny, and time) we stress the contrast between (a) the amazing diversity of solutions flowering plants have developed in the face of extreme environments and (b) a broad correlation between cold and dry adaptations that in some cases may hint at deep common origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Folk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Carolina M Siniscalchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Douglas E Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Alejo-Jacuinde G, González-Morales SI, Oropeza-Aburto A, Simpson J, Herrera-Estrella L. Comparative transcriptome analysis suggests convergent evolution of desiccation tolerance in Selaginella species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:468. [PMID: 33046015 PMCID: PMC7549206 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desiccation tolerant Selaginella species evolved to survive extreme environmental conditions. Studies to determine the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance (DT) have focused on only a few Selaginella species. Due to the large diversity in morphology and the wide range of responses to desiccation within the genus, the understanding of the molecular basis of DT in Selaginella species is still limited. RESULTS Here we present a reference transcriptome for the desiccation tolerant species S. sellowii and the desiccation sensitive species S. denticulata. The analysis also included transcriptome data for the well-studied S. lepidophylla (desiccation tolerant), in order to identify DT mechanisms that are independent of morphological adaptations. We used a comparative approach to discriminate between DT responses and the common water loss response in Selaginella species. Predicted proteomes show strong homology, but most of the desiccation responsive genes differ between species. Despite such differences, functional analysis revealed that tolerant species with different morphologies employ similar mechanisms to survive desiccation. Significant functions involved in DT and shared by both tolerant species included induction of antioxidant systems, amino acid and secondary metabolism, whereas species-specific responses included cell wall modification and carbohydrate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Reference transcriptomes generated in this work represent a valuable resource to study Selaginella biology and plant evolution in relation to DT. Our results provide evidence of convergent evolution of S. sellowii and S. lepidophylla due to the different gene sets that underwent selection to acquire DT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (Langebio), Unit of Advanced Genomics, CINVESTAV, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato Mexico
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato Mexico
| | | | - Araceli Oropeza-Aburto
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (Langebio), Unit of Advanced Genomics, CINVESTAV, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato Mexico
| | - June Simpson
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato Mexico
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (Langebio), Unit of Advanced Genomics, CINVESTAV, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato Mexico
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA
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Heterologous Expression of Dehydration-Inducible MfWRKY17 of Myrothamnus Flabellifolia Confers Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134603. [PMID: 32610467 PMCID: PMC7370056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the only woody resurrection plant, Myrothamnus flabellifolia has a strong tolerance to drought and can survive long-term in a desiccated environment. However, the molecular mechanisms related to the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown, and few tolerance-related genes previously identified had been functionally characterized. WRKYs are a group of unique and complex plant transcription factors, and have reported functions in diverse biological processes, especially in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerances, in various species. However, little is known about their roles in response to abiotic stresses in M. flabellifolia. In this study, we characterized a dehydration-inducible WRKY transcription factor gene, MfWRKY17, from M. flabellifolia. MfWRKY17 shows high degree of homology with genes from Vitis vinifera and Vitis pseudoreticulata, belonging to group II of the WRKY family. Unlike known WRKY17s in other organisms acting as negative regulators in biotic or abiotic stress responses, overexpression of MfWRKY17 in Arabidopsis significantly increased drought and salt tolerance. Further investigations indicated that MfWRKY17 participated in increasing water retention, maintaining chlorophyll content, and regulating ABA biosynthesis and stress-related gene expression. These results suggest that MfWRKY17 possibly acts as a positive regulator of stress tolerance in the resurrection plant M. flabellifolia.
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Qiu JR, Xiang XY, Wang JT, Xu WX, Chen J, Xiao Y, Jiang CZ, Huang Z. MfPIF1 of Resurrection Plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia Plays a Positive Regulatory Role in Responding to Drought and Salinity Stresses in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3011. [PMID: 32344614 PMCID: PMC7215370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs), a subfamily of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs), play critical roles in regulating plant growth and development. The resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia possesses a noteworthy tolerance to desiccation, but no PIFs related to the response to abiotic stress have been functionally studied. In this study, a dehydration-inducible PIF gene, MfPIF1, was cloned and characterized. Subcellular localization assay revealed that MfPIF1 is localized predominantly in the nucleus. Overexpression of MfPIF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana led to enhanced drought and salinity tolerance, which was attributed to higher contents of chlorophyll, proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar, activities of antioxidant enzymes as well as lower water loss rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in transgenic lines compared with control plants. Moreover, MfPIF1 decreased stomatal aperture after drought and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, and increased expression of both ABA biosynthesis and ABA-responsive genes including NCED3, P5CS, and RD29A. Overall, these results indicated that MfPIF1 may act as a positive regulator to drought and salinity responses, and therefore could be considered as a potential gene for plant genetic improvement of drought and salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Qiu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xiang-Ying Xiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jia-Tong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Wen-Xin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (J.-R.Q.); (X.-Y.X.); (J.-T.W.); (W.-X.X.); (J.C.); (Y.X.)
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Molecular Evidences for the Interactions of Auxin, Gibberellin, and Cytokinin in Bent Peduncle Phenomenon in Rose ( Rosa sp.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041360. [PMID: 32085472 PMCID: PMC7072929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In roses (Rosa sp.), peduncle morphology is an important ornamental feature. The common physiological abnormality known as the bent peduncle phenomenon (BPP) seriously decreases the quality of rose flowers and thus the commercial value. Because the molecular mechanisms underlying this condition are poorly understood, we analysed the transcriptional profiles and cellular structures of bent rose peduncles. Numerous differentially expressed genes involved in the auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin signaling pathways were shown to be associated with bent peduncle. Paraffin sections showed that the cell number on the upper sides of bent peduncles was increased, while the cells on the lower sides were larger than those in normal peduncles. We also investigated the large, deformed sepals that usually accompany BPP and found increased expression level of some auxin-responsive genes and decreased expression level of genes that are involved in cytokinin and gibberellin synthesis in these sepals. Furthermore, removal of the deformed sepals partially relieved BPP. In summary, our findings suggest that auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin all influence the development of BPP by regulating cell division and expansion. To effectively reduce BPP in roses, more efforts need to be devoted to the molecular regulation of gibberellins and cytokinins in addition to that of auxin.
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21
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Chen P, Jung NU, Giarola V, Bartels D. The Dynamic Responses of Cell Walls in Resurrection Plants During Dehydration and Rehydration. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1698. [PMID: 32038677 PMCID: PMC6985587 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls define the shape of the cells and provide mechanical support. They function as osmoregulators by controlling the transport of molecules between cells and provide transport pathways within the plant. These diverse functions require a well-defined and flexible organization of cell wall components, i.e., water, polysaccharides, proteins, and other diverse substances. Cell walls of desiccation tolerant resurrection plants withstand extreme mechanical stress during complete dehydration and rehydration. Adaptation to the changing water status of the plant plays a crucial role during this process. This review summarizes the compositional and structural variations, signal transduction and changes of gene expression which occur in cell walls of resurrection plants during dehydration and rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dorothea Bartels
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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22
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Rippin M, Borchhardt N, Karsten U, Becker B. Cold Acclimation Improves the Desiccation Stress Resilience of Polar Strains of Klebsormidium (Streptophyta). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1730. [PMID: 31447802 PMCID: PMC6691101 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are complex communities of autotrophic, heterotrophic, and saprotrophic (micro)organisms. In the polar regions, these biocrust communities have essential ecological functions such as primary production, nitrogen fixation, and ecosystem engineering while coping with extreme environmental conditions (temperature, desiccation, and irradiation). The microalga Klebsormidium is commonly found in BSCs all across the globe. The ecophysiological resilience of various Klebsormidium species to desiccation and other stresses has been studied intensively. Here we present the results of transcriptomic analyses of two different Klebsormidium species, K. dissectum and K. flaccidum, isolated from Antarctic and Arctic BSCs. We performed desiccation stress experiments at two different temperatures mimicking fluctuations associated with global change. Cultures grown on agar plates were desiccated on membrane filters at 10% relative air humidity until the photosynthetic activity as reflected in the effective quantum yield of photosystem II [Y(II)] ceased. For both species, the response to dehydration was much faster at the higher temperature. At the transcriptome level both species responded more strongly to the desiccation stress at the higher temperature suggesting that adaptation to cold conditions enhanced the resilience of both algae to desiccation stress. Interestingly, the two different species responded differently to the applied desiccation stress with respect to the number as well as function of genes showing differential gene expression. The portion of differentially expressed genes shared between both taxa was surprisingly low indicating that both Klebsormidium species adapted independently to the harsh conditions of Antarctica and the Arctic, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that environmental acclimation has a great impact on gene expression and the response to desiccation stress in Klebsormidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rippin
- Department of Biology, Botanical Institute, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Ulf Karsten
- Department of Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becker
- Department of Biology, Botanical Institute, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Marks RA, Smith JJ, Cronk Q, Grassa CJ, McLetchie DN. Genome of the tropical plant Marchantia inflexa: implications for sex chromosome evolution and dehydration tolerance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8722. [PMID: 31217536 PMCID: PMC6584576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a draft genome assembly for the tropical liverwort, Marchantia inflexa, which adds to a growing body of genomic resources for bryophytes and provides an important perspective on the evolution and diversification of land plants. We specifically address questions related to sex chromosome evolution, sexual dimorphisms, and the genomic underpinnings of dehydration tolerance. This assembly leveraged the recently published genome of related liverwort, M. polymorpha, to improve scaffolding and annotation, aid in the identification of sex-linked sequences, and quantify patterns of sequence differentiation within Marchantia. We find that genes on sex chromosomes are under greater diversifying selection than autosomal and organellar genes. Interestingly, this is driven primarily by divergence of male-specific genes, while divergence of other sex-linked genes is similar to autosomal genes. Through analysis of sex-specific read coverage, we identify and validate genetic sex markers for M. inflexa, which will enable diagnosis of sex for non-reproductive individuals. To investigate dehydration tolerance, we capitalized on a difference between genetic lines, which allowed us to identify multiple dehydration associated genes two of which were sex-linked, suggesting that dehydration tolerance may be impacted by sex-specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Marks
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 Thomas Hunt Morgan Building, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| | - Jeramiah J Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 Thomas Hunt Morgan Building, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Quentin Cronk
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christopher J Grassa
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - D Nicholas McLetchie
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 Thomas Hunt Morgan Building, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
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24
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Pan G, Zhang H, Liu P, Xiao Z, Li X, Liu W. Effects of manganese stress on phenology and biomass allocation in Xanthium strumarium from metalliferous and non-metalliferous sites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:308-316. [PMID: 30716666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Xanthium strumarium is an annual pseudometallophyte. To reveal the mechanisms of this species to adapt to metallicolous environmental conditions, phenological traits and biomass allocation of metallicolous and non-metallicolous populations of X. strumarium under six Mn2+ concentrations by pot culture experiments were performed. The results showed that both time to bolting and time to fruit setting in the metallicolous population were earlier than those in the non-metallicolous population. The number of flowers, fruits, seeds and 1000-seed weight in the metallicolous population were higher than those in the non-metallicolous population under Mn stress. Reproductive allocation and harvest index in the metallicolous population were higher than those in the non-metallicolous population. Furthermore, all the Mn concentrations in leaves, stems, roots, and fruits of the metallicolous population were higher than the counterparts of non-metallicolous population. These results suggested that metallicolous population had higher tolerance to Mn stress than non-metallicolous population, the earlier flowering and fruiting, and the enhancement in reproductive allocation may contribute to plant tolerance to Mn toxicity for X. strumarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Pan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Heping Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Zehua Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Xinhang Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China.
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25
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Genome-wide identification of the HKT genes in five Rosaceae species and expression analysis of HKT genes in response to salt-stress in Fragaria vesca. Genes Genomics 2018; 41:325-336. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-018-0767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Chen F, Zhang J, Chen J, Li X, Dong W, Hu J, Lin M, Liu Y, Li G, Wang Z, Zhang L. realDB: a genome and transcriptome resource for the red algae (phylum Rhodophyta). DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:5055577. [PMID: 30020436 PMCID: PMC6051438 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With over 6000 species in seven classes, red algae (Rhodophyta) have diverse economic, ecological, experimental and evolutionary values. However, red algae are usually absent or rare in comparative analyses because genomic information of this phylum is often under-represented in various comprehensive genome databases. To improve the accessibility to the ome data and omics tools for red algae, we provided 10 genomes and 27 transcriptomes representing all seven classes of Rhodophyta. Three genomes and 18 transcriptomes were de novo assembled and annotated in this project. User-friendly BLAST suit, Jbrowse tools and search system were developed for online analyses. Detailed introductions to red algae taxonomy and the sequencing status are also provided. In conclusion, realDB (realDB.algaegenome.org) provides a platform covering the most genome and transcriptome data for red algae and a suite of tools for online analyses, and will attract both red algal biologists and those working on plant ecology, evolution and development. Database URL: http://realdb.algaegenome.org/
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaojiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meigui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guowei Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhengjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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27
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Liu X, Cao X, Shi S, Zhao N, Li D, Fang P, Chen X, Qi W, Zhang Z. Comparative RNA-Seq analysis reveals a critical role for brassinosteroids in rose (Rosa hybrida) petal defense against Botrytis cinerea infection. BMC Genet 2018; 19:62. [PMID: 30126371 PMCID: PMC6102922 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide, roses (Rosa sp.), are very susceptible to Botrytis gray mold disease. The necrotrophic infection of rose petals by B. cinerea causes the collapse and death of these tissues in both the growth and post-harvest stages, resulting in serious economic losses. To understand the molecular basis of rose resistance against B. cinerea, we profiled the petal transcriptome using RNA-Seq technology. Results We identified differentially transcribed genes (DTGs) in petals during B. cinerea infection at 30 h post inoculation (hpi) and/or 48 hpi. Gene ontology term enrichment and pathway analyses revealed that metabolic, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were involved. The expression of 370 cell-surface immune receptors was upregulated during infection. In addition, 188 genes encoding transcription factors were upregulated, particularly in the ERF, WRKY, bHLH, MYB, and NAC families, implying their involvement in resistance against B. cinerea. We further identified 325 upregulated DTGs in the hormone signal transduction pathways. Among them, the brassinosteroid (BR)-related genes were the most significantly enriched. To confirm the role of BR in Botrytis resistance, exogenous BR was applied to rose flowers before the inoculation of B. cinerea, which enhanced the defense response in these petals. Conclusions Our global transcriptome profiling provides insights into the complex gene regulatory networks mediating the rose petal response to B. cinerea. We further demonstrated the role of the phytohormone BR in the resistance of petals to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0668-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqian Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shaochuan Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peihong Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Weicong Qi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhonglingjie 50, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xilu 2, Beijing, 100193, China.
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28
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Zhang Q, Bartels D. Molecular responses to dehydration and desiccation in desiccation-tolerant angiosperm plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3211-3222. [PMID: 29385548 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to the ability to tolerate extreme dehydration, desiccation-tolerant plants have been widely investigated to find potential approaches for improving water use efficiency or developing new crop varieties. The studies of desiccation-tolerant plants have identified sugar accumulation, specific protein synthesis, cell structure changes, and increased anti-oxidative reactions as part of the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance. However, plants respond differently according to the severity of water loss, and the process of water loss affects desiccation tolerance. A detailed analysis within the dehydration process is important for understanding the process of desiccation tolerance. This review defines dehydration and desiccation, finds the boundary for the relative water content between dehydration and desiccation, compares the molecular responses to dehydration and desiccation, compares signaling differences between dehydration and desiccation, and finally summarizes the strategies launched in desiccation-tolerant plants for dehydration and desiccation, respectively. The roles of abscisic acid (ABA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sensing and signaling during dehydration are discussed. We outline how this knowledge can be exploited to generate drought-tolerant crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Germany
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29
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Asami P, Mundree S, Williams B. Saving for a rainy day: Control of energy needs in resurrection plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:62-66. [PMID: 29650158 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants constantly respond to threats in their environment by balancing their energy needs with growth, defence and survival. Some plants such as the small group of resilient angiosperms, the resurrection plants, do this better than most. Resurrection plants possess the capacity to tolerate desiccation in vegetative tissue and upon watering, regain full metabolic capacity within 72 h. Knowledge of how these plants survive such extremes has advanced in the last few decades, but the molecular mechanics remain elusive. Energy and water metabolism, cell cycle control, growth, senescence and cell death all play key roles in resurrection plant stress tolerance. Some resurrection plants suppress growth to improve energy efficiency and survival while sensitive species exhaust energy resources rapidly, have a diminished capacity to respond and die. How do the stress and energy metabolism responses employed by resurrection plants differ to those used by sensitive plants? In this perspective, we summarise recent findings defining the relationships between energy metabolism, stress tolerance and programmed cell death and speculate important roles for this regulation in resurrection plants. If we want to harness the strategies of resurrection plants for crop improvement, first we must understand the processes that underpin energy metabolism during growth and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Asami
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, QLD, Australia
| | - Sagadevan Mundree
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, QLD, Australia
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, QLD, Australia.
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30
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Rippin M, Becker B, Holzinger A. Enhanced Desiccation Tolerance in Mature Cultures of the Streptophytic Green Alga Zygnema circumcarinatum Revealed by Transcriptomics. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:2067-2084. [PMID: 29036673 PMCID: PMC5722205 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation tolerance is commonly regarded as one of the key features for the colonization of terrestrial habitats by green algae and the evolution of land plants. Extensive studies, focused mostly on physiology, have been carried out assessing the desiccation tolerance and resilience of the streptophytic genera Klebsormidium and Zygnema. Here we present transcriptomic analyses of Zygnema circumcarinatum exposed to desiccation stress. Cultures of Z. circumcarinatum grown in liquid medium or on agar plates were desiccated at ∼86% relative air humidity until the effective quantum yield of PSII [Y(II)] ceased. In general, the response to dehydration was much more pronounced in Z. circumcarinatum cultured in liquid medium for 1 month compared with filaments grown on agar plates for 7 and 12 months. Culture on solid medium enables the alga to acclimate to dehydration much better and an increase in desiccation tolerance was clearly correlated to increased culture age. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed that photosynthesis was strongly repressed upon desiccation treatment in the liquid culture while only minor effects were detected in filaments cultured on agar plates for 7 months. Otherwise, both samples showed induction of stress protection mechanisms such as reactive oxygen species scavenging (early light-induced proteins, glutathione metabolism) and DNA repair as well as the expression of chaperones and aquaporins. Additionally, Z. circumcarinatum cultured in liquid medium upregulated sucrose-synthesizing enzymes and strongly induced membrane modifications in response to desiccation stress. These results corroborate the previously described hardening and associated desiccation tolerance in Zygnema in response to seasonal fluctuations in water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rippin
- University of Cologne, Cologne Biocentre, Botanical Institute, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becker
- University of Cologne, Cologne Biocentre, Botanical Institute, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Holzinger
- University of Innsbruck, Department of Botany, Functional Plant Biology, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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31
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Evangelista CCS, Guidelli GV, Borges G, Araujo TF, Souza TAJD, Neves UPDC, Tunnacliffe A, Pereira TC. Multiple genes contribute to anhydrobiosis (tolerance to extreme desiccation) in the nematode Panagrolaimus superbus. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:790-802. [PMID: 29111563 PMCID: PMC5738622 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of anhydrobiosis, the state of suspended animation entered by some species during extreme desiccation, is still poorly understood despite a number of transcriptome and proteome studies. We therefore conducted functional screening by RNA interference (RNAi) for genes involved in anhydrobiosis in the holo-anhydrobiotic nematode Panagrolaimus superbus. A new method of survival analysis, based on staining, and proof-of-principle RNAi experiments confirmed a role for genes involved in oxidative stress tolerance, while a novel medium-scale RNAi workflow identified a further 40 anhydrobiosis-associated genes, including several involved in proteostasis, DNA repair and signal transduction pathways. This suggests that multiple genes contribute to anhydrobiosis in P. superbus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Carolina Silva Evangelista
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Vieira Guidelli
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Borges
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Fenz Araujo
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Alves Jorge de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ubiraci Pereira da Costa Neves
- Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Tunnacliffe
- Deptartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tiago Campos Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Giarola V, Hou Q, Bartels D. Angiosperm Plant Desiccation Tolerance: Hints from Transcriptomics and Genome Sequencing. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:705-717. [PMID: 28622918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation tolerance (DT) in angiosperms is present in the small group of resurrection plants and in seeds. DT requires the presence of protective proteins, specific carbohydrates, restructuring of membrane lipids, and regulatory mechanisms directing a dedicated gene expression program. Many components are common to resurrection plants and seeds; however, some are specific for resurrection plants. Understanding how each component contributes to DT is challenging. Recent transcriptome analyses and genome sequencing indicate that increased expression is essential of genes encoding protective components, recently evolved, species-specific genes and non-protein-coding RNAs. Modification and reshuffling of existing cis-regulatory promoter elements seems to play a role in the rewiring of regulatory networks required for increased expression of DT-related genes in resurrection species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Giarola
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Quancan Hou
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Present address: Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dorothea Bartels
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Yobi A, Schlauch KA, Tillett RL, Yim WC, Espinoza C, Wone BWM, Cushman JC, Oliver MJ. Sporobolus stapfianus: Insights into desiccation tolerance in the resurrection grasses from linking transcriptomics to metabolomics. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:67. [PMID: 28351347 PMCID: PMC5371216 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the response of resurrection angiosperms to dehydration and rehydration is critical for deciphering the mechanisms of how plants cope with the rigors of water loss from their vegetative tissues. We have focused our studies on the C4 resurrection grass, Sporobolus stapfianus Gandoger, as a member of a group of important forage grasses. METHODS We have combined non-targeted metabolomics with transcriptomics, via a NimbleGen array platform, to develop an understanding of how gene expression and metabolite profiles can be linked to generate a more detailed mechanistic appreciation of the cellular response to both desiccation and rehydration. RESULTS The rehydration transcriptome and metabolome are primarily geared towards the rapid return of photosynthesis, energy metabolism, protein turnover, and protein synthesis during the rehydration phase. However, there are some metabolites associated with ROS protection that remain elevated during rehydration, most notably the tocopherols. The analysis of the dehydration transcriptome reveals a strong concordance between transcript abundance and the associated metabolite abundance reported earlier, but only in responses that are directly related to cellular protection during dehydration: carbohydrate metabolism and redox homeostasis. The transcriptome response also provides strong support for the involvement of cellular protection processes as exemplified by the increases in the abundance of transcripts encoding late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, anti-oxidant enzymes, early light-induced proteins (ELIP) proteins, and cell-wall modification enzymes. There is little concordance between transcript and metabolite abundance for processes such as amino acid metabolism that do not appear to contribute directly to cellular protection, but are nonetheless important for the desiccation tolerant phenotype of S. stapfianus. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptomes of both dehydration and rehydration offer insight into the complexity of the regulation of responses to these processes that involve complex signaling pathways and associated transcription factors. ABA appears to be important in the control of gene expression in both the latter stages of the dehydration and the early stages of rehydration. These findings add to the growing body of information detailing how plants tolerate and survive the severe cellular perturbations of dehydration, desiccation, and rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abou Yobi
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetic Research Unit, University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri, 65211 USA
| | - Karen A. Schlauch
- Nevada INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Nevada Reno, Nevada, 89557 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Nevada, 89557 USA
| | - Richard L. Tillett
- Nevada INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Nevada Reno, Nevada, 89557 USA
| | - Won C. Yim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Nevada, 89557 USA
| | - Catherine Espinoza
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri, 65211 USA
| | - Bernard W. M. Wone
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, 57069 USA
| | - John C. Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Nevada, 89557 USA
| | - Melvin J. Oliver
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetic Research Unit, University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri, 65211 USA
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Wang H, Lin J, Chang Y, Jiang CZ. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That Ethylene/H 2O 2-Mediated Hypersensitive Response and Programmed Cell Death Determine the Compatible Interaction of Sand Pear and Alternaria alternata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:195. [PMID: 28261248 PMCID: PMC5309250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A major restriction on sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) production is black spot disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria alternata. However, the pear response mechanism to A. alternata is unknown at the molecular level. Here, host responses of a resistant cultivar Cuiguan (CG) and a susceptible cultivar Sucui1 (SC1) to A. alternata infection were investigated. We found that the primary necrotic lesion formed at 1 dpi and the expansion of lesions was aggressive in SC1. Data from transcriptomic profiles using RNA-Seq technology identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CG and SC1 in the early phase of A. alternata infection. K-mean cluster and Mapman analysis revealed that genes involved in ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and ET signaling pathway, such as ACS, ACOs, and ERFs, and in hypersensitive response (HR) and programmed cell death (PCD) were significantly enriched and up-regulated in the susceptible cultivar SC1. Conversely, genes involved in response to hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were differentially up-regulated in the resistant cultivar CG after inoculation with the fungus. Furthermore, ET levels were highly accumulated in SC1, but not in CG. Higher activities of detoxifying enzymes such as catalases were detected in CG. Our results demonstrate that the ET-/H2O2-mediated PCD and detoxifying processes play a vital role in the interaction of pear and A. alternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementNanjing, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementNanjing, China
| | - Youhong Chang
- Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic ImprovementNanjing, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at DavisDavis, CA, USA
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceDavis, CA, USA
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Leamy LJ, Zhang H, Li C, Chen CY, Song BH. A genome-wide association study of seed composition traits in wild soybean (Glycine soja). BMC Genomics 2017; 18:18. [PMID: 28056769 PMCID: PMC5217241 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cultivated soybean (Glycine max) is a major agricultural crop that provides a crucial source of edible protein and oil. Decreased amounts of saturated palmitic acid and increased amounts of unsaturated oleic acid in soybean oil are considered optimal for human cardiovascular health and therefore there has considerable interest by breeders in discovering genes affecting the relative concentrations of these fatty acids. Using a genome-wide association (GWA) approach with nearly 30,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we investigated the genetic basis of protein, oil and all five fatty acid levels in seeds from a sample of 570 wild soybeans (Glycine soja), the progenitor of domesticated soybean, to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting these seed composition traits. RESULTS We discovered 29 SNPs located on ten different chromosomes that are significantly associated with the seven seed composition traits in our wild soybean sample. Eight SNPs co-localized with QTLs previously uncovered in linkage or association mapping studies conducted with cultivated soybean samples, while the remaining SNPs appeared to be in novel locations. Twenty-four of the SNPs significantly associated with fatty acid variation, with the majority located on chromosomes 14 (6 SNPs) and seven (8 SNPs). Two SNPs were common for two or more fatty acids, suggesting loci with pleiotropic effects. We also identified some candidate genes that are involved in fatty acid metabolism and regulation. For each of the seven traits, most of the SNPs produced differences between the average phenotypic values of the two homozygotes of about one-half standard deviation and contributed over 3% of their total variability. CONCLUSIONS This is the first GWA study conducted on seed composition traits solely in wild soybean populations, and a number of QTLs were found that have not been previously discovered. Some of these may be useful to breeders who select for increased protein/oil content or altered fatty acid ratios in the seeds. The results also provide additional insight into the genetic architecture of these traits in a large sample of wild soybean, and suggest some new candidate genes whose molecular effects on these traits need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry J Leamy
- Department of Biological Sciences, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Hengyou Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Changbao Li
- Double Haploid Optimization Group, Monsanto Company, Chesterfield, MO, 63017, USA
| | - Charles Y Chen
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Bao-Hua Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Carniel FC, Gerdol M, Montagner A, Banchi E, De Moro G, Manfrin C, Muggia L, Pallavicini A, Tretiach M. New features of desiccation tolerance in the lichen photobiont Trebouxia gelatinosa are revealed by a transcriptomic approach. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:319-339. [PMID: 26992400 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trebouxia is the most common lichen-forming genus of aero-terrestrial green algae and all its species are desiccation tolerant (DT). The molecular bases of this remarkable adaptation are, however, still largely unknown. We applied a transcriptomic approach to a common member of the genus, T. gelatinosa, to investigate the alteration of gene expression occurring after dehydration and subsequent rehydration in comparison to cells kept constantly hydrated. We sequenced, de novo assembled and annotated the transcriptome of axenically cultured T. gelatinosa by using Illumina sequencing technology. We tracked the expression profiles of over 13,000 protein-coding transcripts. During the dehydration/rehydration cycle c. 92 % of the total protein-coding transcripts displayed a stable expression, suggesting that the desiccation tolerance of T. gelatinosa mostly relies on constitutive mechanisms. Dehydration and rehydration affected mainly the gene expression for components of the photosynthetic apparatus, the ROS-scavenging system, Heat Shock Proteins, aquaporins, expansins, and desiccation related proteins (DRPs), which are highly diversified in T. gelatinosa, whereas Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins were not affected. Only some of these phenomena were previously observed in other DT green algae, bryophytes and resurrection plants, other traits being distinctive of T. gelatinosa, and perhaps related to its symbiotic lifestyle. Finally, the phylogenetic inference extended to DRPs of other chlorophytes, embryophytes and bacteria clearly pointed out that DRPs of chlorophytes are not orthologous to those of embryophytes: some of them were likely acquired through horizontal gene transfer from extremophile bacteria which live in symbiosis within the lichen thallus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Candotto Carniel
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße, 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Alice Montagner
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Banchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianluca De Moro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Manfrin
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Muggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Tretiach
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri, 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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Tian X, Li S, Liu Y, Liu X. Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Metabolic and Regulatory Pathways in the Desiccation Tolerance of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata [L.] R. Wilczek). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1921. [PMID: 28066476 PMCID: PMC5174128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) is an important legume crop for its valuable nutritional and health benefits. Desiccation tolerance (DT) is a capacity of seeds to survive and maintain physiological activities during storage and under stress conditions. Many studies of DT have been reported in other legume crop, such as soybean and Medicago truncatula with little studies in the mungbean. In this study, the transcript profiles of mungbean seeds under different imbibition times were investigated for DT using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 3210 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found at the key period of DT (3-18 h of imbibition). Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis showed that the terms of "response to stimulus," "transcription regulator," "methylation," and "starch and sucrose metabolism" were enriched for DT. Clustering analysis also showed that many transcription factors (MYB, AP2, and NAC), HSPs, embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, and genes encoding methyltransferase and histone were differentially expressed. Nine of these DEGs were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our study extends our knowledge of mungbean transcriptomes and further provides insight into the molecular mechanism of DT as well as new strategies for developing drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Tian
- College of Biology, Hunan UniversityChangsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Jishou UniversityJishou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangrong Tian
| | - Sidi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Jishou UniversityJishou, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- Center of Analytical Service, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan UniversityChangsha, China
- Xuanming Liu
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Gao Y, Liu C, Li X, Xu H, Liang Y, Ma N, Fei Z, Gao J, Jiang CZ, Ma C. Transcriptome Profiling of Petal Abscission Zone and Functional Analysis of an Aux/IAA Family Gene RhIAA16 Involved in Petal Shedding in Rose. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1375. [PMID: 27695465 PMCID: PMC5023668 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Roses are one of the most important cut flowers among ornamental plants. Rose flower longevity is largely dependent on the timing of petal shedding occurrence. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying petal abscission in rose, we performed transcriptome profiling of the petal abscission zone during petal shedding using Illumina technology. We identified a total of 2592 differentially transcribed genes (DTGs) during rose petal shedding. Gene ontology term enrichment and pathway analysis revealed that major biochemical pathways the DTGs were involved in included ethylene biosynthesis, starch degradation, superpathway of cytosolic glycolysis, pyruvate dehydrogenase and TCA cycle, photorespiration and the lactose degradation III pathway. This suggests that alterations in carbon metabolism are an important part of rose petal abscission. Among these DTGs, approximately 150 genes putatively encoding transcription factors were identified in rose abscission zone. These included zinc finger, WRKY, ERF, and Aux/IAA gene families, suggesting that petal abscission involves complex transcriptional reprogramming. Approximately 108 DTGs were related to hormone pathways, of which auxin and ethylene related DTGs were the largest groups including 52 and 41 genes, respectively. These also included 12 DTGs related to gibberellin and 6 DTGs in jasmonic acid pathway. Surprisingly, no DTGs involved in the biosynthesis/signaling of abscisic acid, cytokinin, brassinosteroid, and salicylic acid pathways were detected. Moreover, among DTGs related to auxin, we identified an Aux/IAA gene RhIAA16 that was up-regulated in response to petal shedding. Down-regulation of RhIAA16 by virus-induced gene silencing in rose promoted petal abscission, suggesting that RhIAA16 plays an important role in rose petal abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Haiqian Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research ServiceIthaca, NY, USA
- Boyce Thompson InstituteIthaca, NY, USA
| | - Junping Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Crops Pathology and Genetic Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceDavis, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at DavisDavis, CA, USA
- *Correspondence: Chao Ma, Cai-Zhong Jiang,
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Ma, Cai-Zhong Jiang,
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