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Ren T, Xu M, Du X, Wang Y, Loor JJ, Lei L, Gao W, Du X, Song Y, Liu G, Li X. Research Progress on the Role of M6A in Regulating Economic Traits in Livestock. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8365. [PMID: 39125935 PMCID: PMC11313175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Reversible regulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of eukaryotic RNA via methyltransferases is an important epigenetic event affecting RNA metabolism. As such, m6A methylation plays crucial roles in regulating animal growth, development, reproduction, and disease progression. Herein, we review the latest research advancements in m6A methylation modifications and discuss regulatory aspects in the context of growth, development, and reproductive traits of livestock. New insights are highlighted and perspectives for the study of m6A methylation modifications in shaping economically important traits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanhui Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Xinyu Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Yanxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Wenwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Xiliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Yuxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (T.R.); (M.X.); (X.D.); (Y.W.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (X.D.); (Y.S.); (G.L.)
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Iqbal MA, Hadlich F, Reyer H, Oster M, Trakooljul N, Murani E, Perdomo‐Sabogal A, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. RNA-Seq-based discovery of genetic variants and allele-specific expression of two layer lines and broiler chicken. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1135-1153. [PMID: 37360029 PMCID: PMC10286233 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the selective breeding of broilers and layers have made poultry production one of the fastest-growing industries. In this study, a transcriptome variant calling approach from RNA-seq data was used to determine population diversity between broilers and layers. In total, 200 individuals were analyzed from three different chicken populations (Lohmann Brown (LB), n = 90), Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL, n = 89), and Broiler (BR, n = 21). The raw RNA-sequencing reads were pre-processed, quality control checked, mapped to the reference genome, and made compatible with Genome Analysis ToolKit for variant detection. Subsequently, pairwise fixation index (F ST) analysis was performed between broilers and layers. Numerous candidate genes were identified, that were associated with growth, development, metabolism, immunity, and other economically significant traits. Finally, allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis was performed in the gut mucosa of LB and LSL strains at 10, 16, 24, 30, and 60 weeks of age. At different ages, the two-layer strains showed significantly different allele-specific expressions in the gut mucosa, and changes in allelic imbalance were observed across the entire lifespan. Most ASE genes are involved in energy metabolism, including sirtuin signaling pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. A high number of ASE genes were found during the peak of laying, which were particularly enriched in cholesterol biosynthesis. These findings indicate that genetic architecture as well as biological processes driving particular demands relate to metabolic and nutritional requirements during the laying period shape allelic heterogeneity. These processes are considerably affected by breeding and management, whereby elucidating allele-specific gene regulation is an essential step towards deciphering the genotype to phenotype map or functional diversity between the chicken populations. Additionally, we observed that several genes showing significant allelic imbalance also colocalized with the top 1% of genes identified by the FST approach, suggesting a fixation of genes in cis-regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frieder Hadlich
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Henry Reyer
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Michael Oster
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | - Eduard Murani
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
| | | | - Klaus Wimmers
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity RostockRostockGermany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Research Institute for Farm Animal BiologyInstitute of Genome BiologyDummerstorfGermany
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3
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Li K, Huang W, Wang Z, Nie Q. m 6A demethylase FTO regulate CTNNB1 to promote adipogenesis of chicken preadipocyte. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:147. [PMID: 36461116 PMCID: PMC9716549 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant post-transcriptional RNA modification that affects various biological processes. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein, a demethylase encoded by the FTO gene, has been found to regulate adipocyte development in an m6A-dependent manner in multiple species. However, the effects of the m6A methylation and FTO demethylation functions on chicken adipogenesis remain unclear. This study aims to explore the association between m6A modification and chicken adipogenesis and the underlying mechanism by which FTO affects chicken preadipocyte development. RESULTS The association between m6A modification and chicken lipogenesis was assessed by treating chicken preadipocytes with different doses of methyl donor betaine and methylation inhibitor cycloleucine. The results showed that betaine significantly increased methylation levels and inhibited lipogenesis, and the inverse effect was found in preadipocytes after cycloleucine treatment. Overexpression of FTO significantly inhibited m6A levels and promoted proliferation and differentiation of chicken preadipocytes. Silencing FTO showed opposite results. Mechanistically, FTO overexpression increased the expression of catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) by improving RNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner, and we proved that FTO could directly target CTNNB1. Furthermore, CTNNB1 may be a positive regulator of adipogenesis in chicken preadipocytes. CONCLUSIONS m6A methylation of RNA was negatively associated with adipogenesis of chicken preadipocytes. FTO could regulate CTNNB1 expression in a demethylation manner to promote lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Li
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Weichen Huang
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- grid.20561.300000 0000 9546 5767Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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Sweazea KL. Revisiting glucose regulation in birds - A negative model of diabetes complications. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110778. [PMID: 35817273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Birds naturally have blood glucose concentrations that are nearly double levels measured for mammals of similar body size and studies have shown that birds are resistant to insulin-mediated glucose uptake into tissues. While a combination of high blood glucose and insulin resistance is associated with diabetes-related pathologies in mammals, birds do not develop such complications. Moreover, studies have shown that birds are resistant to oxidative stress and protein glycation and in fact, live longer than similar-sized mammals. This review seeks to explore how birds regulate blood glucose as well as various theories that might explain their apparent resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake and adaptations that enable them to thrive in a state of relative hyperglycemia.
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Zhao Y, Zhang D, Zhang X, Li F, Xu D, Zhao L, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang X, Wang W. Expression features of the ovine FTO gene and association between FTO polymorphism and tail fat deposition related-traits in Hu sheep. Gene X 2022; 826:146451. [PMID: 35358654 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene is a famous dominant predictor of obesity, and plays pivotal roles in the regulating fatty acid transport and fat metabolism. In the current study, the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), DNA-pooled sequencing and KAspar assay were performed to detect the expression features of FTO and the polymorphisms of FTO associated with the tail fat weight related-traits of Hu sheep. The results indicated that the expression of FTO gene is widely expressed in the tissues tested, and the expression level of FTO in tail fat tissue was evidently higher compared with that in the other tissues. In addition, FTO showed the highest expression level in tail fat tissue at three months. The expression of FTO mRNA was lower in the large-tail fat group compared with that in the small-tail fat group in 6 months old. Subsequently, the polymorphism loci g. 23704451C > A detected in the FTO gene was confirmed to be significantly related to the tail length and the weight of tail fat. These results suggested that the polymorphism might be regarded as novel molecular marker for the breeding of small tail sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Deyin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Fadi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sheep Breeding and Reproduction Biotechnology in Gansu Province, Minqin 733300, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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Basile AJ, Mohr AE, Jasbi P, Gu H, Deviche P, Sweazea KL. A four-week high fat diet does not alter plasma glucose or metabolic physiology in wild-caught mourning doves (Zenaida macroura). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 251:110820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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The role of m 6A modification in physiology and disease. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:960. [PMID: 33162550 PMCID: PMC7649148 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Similar to DNA epigenetic modifications, multiple reversible chemical modifications on RNAs have been uncovered in a new layer of epigenetic modification. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a modification that occurs in ~30% transcripts, is dynamically regulated by writer complex (methylase) and eraser (RNA demethylase) proteins, and is recognized by reader (m6A-binding) proteins. The effects of m6A modification are reflected in the functional modulation of mRNA splicing, export, localization, translation, and stability by regulating RNA structure and interactions between RNA and RNA-binding proteins. This modulation is involved in a variety of physiological behaviors, including neurodevelopment, immunoregulation, and cellular differentiation. The disruption of m6A modulations impairs gene expression and cellular function and ultimately leads to diseases such as cancer, psychiatric disorders, and metabolic disease. This review focuses on the mechanisms and functions of m6A modification in a variety of physiological behaviors and diseases.
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Wang S, Liu S, Yuan T, Sun X. Genetic effects of FTO gene insertion/deletion (InDel) on fat-tail measurements and growth traits in Tong sheep. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:229-239. [PMID: 31642366 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1680379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tong sheep is a kind of famous fat-tailed sheep in China, which no longer meets market demands because of the large amount of fat deposition in tail. Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene regulates fatty acid transport and fat metabolism to affect obesity and is also reported to regulate phenotypic traits in healthy animals. To identify the insertion/deletion (InDel) variations of the FTO gene and evaluate their effects on fat-tail measurements and growth traits, 166 healthy individuals from Tong sheep were identified and analyzed. Herein, 10 novel InDel polymorphisms were founded in the Tong sheep FTO gene, which displayed intermediate polymorphism (0.25 < PIC < 0.5) and were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > .05). Correlation analysis of 78 Tong sheep phenotypic traits data and InDel polymorphisms showed that eight InDel loci were significantly associated with partial growth traits (p < .05), four InDel loci were significantly correlated with fat-tail measurements (p < .05). In particular, individuals with genotype DD showed better phenotypic traits than individuals with other genotypes at male sheep InDel 5 and InDel 8 loci, which had small tail-fat dimensions while having good growth traits. These results confirmed potential usefulness of FTO gene in marker-assisted selection programs of Tong sheep breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shirong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuzhu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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9
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Quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for the economic traits in meat-type chicken. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933914000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Fat Mass and Obesity Associated ( FTO) Gene and Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111600. [PMID: 30388740 PMCID: PMC6266206 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Common genetic variants of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene are strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. FTO is ubiquitously expressed. Earlier studies have focused on the role of hypothalamic FTO in the regulation of metabolism. However, recent studies suggest that expression of hepatic FTO is regulated by metabolic signals, such as nutrients and hormones, and altered FTO levels in the liver affect glucose and lipid metabolism. This review outlines recent findings on hepatic FTO in the regulation of metabolism, with particular focus on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. It is proposed that abnormal activity of hepatic signaling pathways involving FTO links metabolic impairments such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, a better understanding of these pathways may lead to therapeutic approaches to treat these metabolic diseases by targeting hepatic FTO. The overall goal of this review is to place FTO within the context of hepatic regulation of metabolism.
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Abdalla BA, Li Z, Ouyang H, Jebessa E, Sun T, Yu JA, Cai B, Chen B, Nie Q, Zhang X. A Novel Dnmt3a1 Transcript Inhibits Adipogenesis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1270. [PMID: 30333755 PMCID: PMC6176318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups to specific CpG forms in DNA. In mammals, two variant transcripts of Dnmt3a have been successfully identified. To the best of our knowledge, no Dnmt3a transcripts in an avian have been successfully identified. This study was performed to detect different transcripts of Dnmt3a in chickens and to examine whether a novel Dnmt3a transcript named Dnmt3a1 may regulate adipogenesis. In addition to cloning, sequencing, transcript detection, and expression studies, a novel Dnmt3a1 transcript overexpression and knockdown were conducted to explore the potential role of Dnmt3a1 in preadipocyte proliferation and the early stage of adipocyte differentiation. In chicken abdominal fat tissue, we detected a novel Dnmt3a1 transcript that differs from Dnmt3a by lacking 23 amino acids at the exon-1/exon-2 border. Dnmt3a1 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed in a variety of tissues or cells and highly expressed in chicken adipose tissue/cells. The expression of Dnmt3a1 was regulated under different physiological conditions including aging, fasting, and high-fat diet. In addition, overexpression of Dnmt3a1 significantly decreased preadipocyte proliferation and induced cell-cycle arrest while its inhibition increased cell proliferation and S-phase cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of Dnmt3a1 significantly upregulated the mRNA level of cell-cycle-related genes, such as CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CCNB3, CCND2, CCNG2, CDKN2B, and CDK9, or the protein level of CDKN1A, CDKN1B, and CCNG2. Conversely, the knockdown of Dnmt3a1 by siRNA had the opposite effects. Moreover, during early adipocyte differentiation, the overexpression of Dnmt3a1 significantly decreased the mRNA and the protein levels of PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, ADIPOR1, and STAT3, and the mRNA levels of FAS, LEPR, LPL, PRKAB2, and ATGL. In contrast, their expression was significantly increased after the knockdown of Dnmt3a1. Taken together, we identified a novel transcript of Dnmt3a, and it played a potential role in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareldin A Abdalla
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjia Ouyang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Endashaw Jebessa
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianhao Sun
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ao Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolin Cai
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, the Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Abdalla BA, Chen J, Nie Q, Zhang X. Genomic Insights Into the Multiple Factors Controlling Abdominal Fat Deposition in a Chicken Model. Front Genet 2018; 9:262. [PMID: 30073018 PMCID: PMC6060281 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic selection for an increased growth rate in meat-type chickens has been accompanied by excessive fat accumulation particularly in abdominal cavity. These progressed to indirect and often unhealthy effects on meat quality properties and increased feed cost. Advances in genomics technology over recent years have led to the surprising discoveries that the genome is more complex than previously thought. Studies have identified multiple-genetic factors associated with abdominal fat deposition. Meanwhile, the obesity epidemic has focused attention on adipose tissue and the development of adipocytes. The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of genetic/epigenetic factors associated with abdominal fat deposition, or as it relates to the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in chicken. The results discussed here have been identified by different genomic approaches, such as QTL-based studies, the candidate gene approach, epistatic interaction, copy number variation, single-nucleotide polymorphism screening, selection signature analysis, genome-wide association studies, RNA sequencing, and bisulfite sequencing. The studies mentioned in this review have described multiple-genetic factors involved in an abdominal fat deposition. Therefore, it is inevitable to further study the multiple-genetic factors in-depth to develop novel molecular markers or potential targets, which will provide promising applications for reducing abdominal fat deposition in meat-type chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareldin A. Abdalla
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Qiu F, Xie L, Ma JE, Luo W, Zhang L, Chao Z, Chen S, Nie Q, Lin Z, Zhang X. Lower Expression of SLC27A1 Enhances Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Chicken via Down-Regulated Fatty Acid Oxidation Mediated by CPT1A. Front Physiol 2017; 8:449. [PMID: 28706492 PMCID: PMC5489693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is recognized as the predominant factor affecting meat quality due to its positive correlation with tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. Chicken IMF deposition depends on the balance among lipid synthesis, transport, uptake, and subsequent metabolism, involving a lot of genes and pathways, however, its precise molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, the breast muscle tissue of female Wenchang chickens (WC) (higher IMF content, 1.24 in D120 and 1.62 in D180) and female White Recessive Rock chickens (WRR; lower IMF content, 0.53 in D120 and 0.90 in D180) were subjected to RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. Results showed that many genes related to lipid catabolism, such as SLC27A1, LPL, ABCA1, and CPT1A were down-regulated in WC chickens, and these genes were involved in the PPAR signaling pathway and formed an IPA® network related to lipid metabolism. Furthermore, SLC27A1 was more down-regulated in WRR.D180.B than in WRR.D120.B. Decreased cellular triglyceride (TG) and up-regulated CPT1A were observed in the SLC27A1 overexpression QM-7 cells, and increased cellular triglyceride (TG) and down-regulated CPT1A were observed in the SLC27A1 knockdown QM-7 cells. These results suggest that lower lipid catabolism exists in WC chickens but not in WRR chickens, and lower expression of SLC27A1 facilitate IMF deposition in chicken via down-regulated fatty acid oxidation mediated by CPT1A. These findings indicate that reduced lipid catabolism, rather than increased lipid anabolism, contributes to chicken IMF deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China.,School of Chemistry, Biology and Material Science, East China University of TechnologyNanchang, China
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Poultry Science, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Hainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHaikou, China
| | - Jing-E Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Chao
- Department of Poultry Science, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Hainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHaikou, China
| | - Shaohao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhemin Lin
- Department of Poultry Science, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Hainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHaikou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
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Stainton JJ, Charlesworth B, Haley CS, Kranis A, Watson K, Wiener P. Use of high-density SNP data to identify patterns of diversity and signatures of selection in broiler chickens. J Anim Breed Genet 2017; 134:87-97. [PMID: 27349343 PMCID: PMC5363361 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of broiler chickens over the last 70 years has been accompanied by large phenotypic changes, so that the resulting genomic signatures of selection should be detectable by current statistical techniques with sufficiently dense genetic markers. Using two approaches, this study analysed high-density SNP data from a broiler chicken line to detect low-diversity genomic regions characteristic of past selection. Seven regions with zero diversity were identified across the genome. Most of these were very small and did not contain many genes. In addition, fifteen regions were identified with diversity increasing asymptotically from a low level. These regions were larger and thus generally included more genes. Several candidate genes for broiler traits were found within these 'regression regions', including IGF1, GPD2 and MTNR1AI. The results suggest that the identification of zero-diversity regions is too restrictive for characterizing regions under selection, but that regions showing patterns of diversity along the chromosome that are consistent with selective sweeps contain a number of genes that are functional candidates for involvement in broiler development. Many regions identified in this study overlap or are close to regions identified in layer chicken populations, possibly due to their shared precommercialization history or to shared selection pressures between broilers and layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Stainton
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - B Charlesworth
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C S Haley
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Kranis
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Aviagen Ltd, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - P Wiener
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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A short insertion mutation disrupts genesis of miR-16 and causes increased body weight in domesticated chicken. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36433. [PMID: 27808177 PMCID: PMC5093740 DOI: 10.1038/srep36433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Body weight is one of the most important quantitative traits with high heritability in chicken. We previously mapped a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for body weight by genome-wide association study (GWAS) in an F2 chicken resource population. To identify the causal mutations linked to this QTL, expression profiles were determined on livers of high-weight and low-weight chicken lines by microarray. Combining the expression pattern with SNP effects by GWAS, miR-16 was identified as the most likely potential candidate with a 3.8-fold decrease in high-weight lines. Re-sequencing revealed that a 54-bp insertion mutation in the upstream region of miR-15a-16 displayed high allele frequencies in high-weight commercial broiler line. This mutation resulted in lower miR-16 expression by introducing three novel splicing sites instead of the missing 5′ terminal splicing of mature miR-16. Elevating miR-16 significantly inhibited DF-1 chicken embryo cell proliferation, consistent with a role in suppression of cellular growth. The 54-bp insertion was significantly associated with increased body weight, bone size and muscle mass. Also, the insertion mutation tended towards fixation in commercial broilers (Fst > 0.4). Our findings revealed a novel causative mutation for body weight regulation that aids our basic understanding of growth regulation in birds.
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Zhang Y, Guo F, Zhao R. Hepatic expression of FTO and fatty acid metabolic genes changes in response to lipopolysaccharide with alterations in m 6A modification of relevant mRNAs in the chicken. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:628-635. [PMID: 27398647 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1201199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene, which encodes a demethylase of m6A, has been reported to respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to serve as a link between inflammation and metabolic responses. The objective of this study was to determine whether LPS-induced changes in the expression of FTO and metabolic genes are associated with alterations of m6A in relevant mRNAs. LPS challenge significantly decreased hepatic mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) and CPT2, which coincided with a tendency of higher triglyceride accumulation in the liver. LPS significantly down-regulated the full length cFTO1, yet up-regulated the truncated cFTO4 protein in the liver nuclear extracts. Nuclear protein content of cFTO4 in the liver was negatively correlated with the mRNA abundances of CPT1 (r = 0.629) and CPT2 (r = 0.622). Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the m6A level around the translation start site of CPT1 was markably decreased in the liver of LPS-treated chickens. These results indicate that LPS-induced changes in FTO protein expression are associated with alteration of mRNA m6A modification in chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - F Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - R Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control , Nanjing , China
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Characterization of miR-206 Promoter and Its Association with Birthweight in Chicken. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:559. [PMID: 27089330 PMCID: PMC4849015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have been widely investigated in terms of cell proliferation and differentiation. However, little is known about their effects on bird growth. Here we characterized the promoter of miR-206 in chicken and found that the preferable promoter was located in 1200 bp upstream of pri-miR-206. In this region, many key transcription factors, including MyoD, c-Myb, CEBPα/β, AP-4, RAP1, Brn2, GATA-1/2/3, E47, Sn, upstream stimulatory factor (USF) and CdxA, were predicted to bind and interact with miR-206 promoter. Overexpression of MyoD sharply increased miR-206 expression in both fibroblast and myoblast cells, and also the regulation in the myoblast cells was much stronger, indicating that miR-206 was regulated by MyoD combined with other muscle specific transcriptional factors. Aiming to further investigate the relationship between miR-206 mutation and transcriptional expression, total of 23 SNPs were identified in the two distinct bird lines by sequencing. Interestingly, the motif bound by MyoD was individually destroyed by G-to-C mutation located at 419 bp upstream of miR-206 precursor. Co-transfecting MyoD and miR-206 promoter in DF-1 cells, the luciferase activity of promoter containing homozygous GG types was significantly higher than CC ones (p < 0.05). Thus, this mutation caused low expression of miR-206. Consistently, eight variants including G-419C mutation exhibited a great effect on birthweight through maker-trait association analysis in F2 population (p < 0.05). Additionally, the regulation of miR-206 on embryo muscle mass mainly by increasing MyoG and muscle creatine kinase (MCK) expression (p < 0.05) with little change in MyoD, TMEM8C and myosin heavy chain (MHC). In conclusion, our findings provide a novel mutation destroying the promoter activity of miR-206 in birds and shed new light to understand the regulation mechanism of miR-206 on the embryonic muscle growth.
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Guo F, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Wang S, Ni Y, Zhao R. Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene regulates gluconeogenesis in chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 179:149-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Molecular characterization and expression analysis of fat mass and obesity-associated gene in rabbit. J Genet 2014; 92:481-8. [PMID: 24371169 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-013-0298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene codes for a nuclear protein of the AlkB related nonhaem iron and 2-oxoglutaratedependent oxygenase superfamily, and is involved in animal fat deposition and human obesity. In this work, the molecular characterization and expression features of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) FTO cDNA were analysed. The rabbit FTO cDNA with a size of 2158 bp was cloned, including 1515 bp of the open reading frame that encoded a basic protein of 504 amino acids. Homologous comparison indicated that the rabbit FTO shared 36.36-91.88% identity with those from other species and phylogenetic analysis showed that the rabbit FTO is closely related to human, but more distantly related to zebrafish. The New Zealand rabbit FTO mRNA was detected in all tissues examined, with the highest levels found in the spleen and the lowest found in the kidney. However, no significant differences were seen in cerebellum, corpora quadrigemina, medulla oblongata and cerebral cortex of commercial adult rabbits. Moreover, mRNA levels of FTO in liver tissues were significantly increased in lactating New Zealand rabbits compared with 70-day-old, 90-day-old and gestating rabbits (P < 0.05). In contrast, FTO mRNA levels were significantly lower in longissimus dorsi muscle of 90-day-old New Zealand rabbits than in 70-day-old rabbits (P <0.05). However, the expression levels of FTO in mammary gland and ovary of gestating and lactating rabbits were not significantly different (P > 0.05).
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Expression of miR-33 from an SREBF2 intron targets the FTO gene in the chicken. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91236. [PMID: 24626192 PMCID: PMC3953336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) gene encodes a transcription factor that activates the expression of many genes involved in the synthesis and uptake of cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides, and phospholipids. Through bioinformatics, we found that intron 16 of the chicken SREBF2 gene might encode the chicken miR-33. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we detected the expression of miR-33 in a variety of chicken tissues including skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. Three hundred and seventy eight genes were predicted to be potential targets of miR-33 in chickens via miRNA target prediction programs “miRanda” and “TargetScan”. Among these targets, the gene FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) encodes a Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase that regulates lipid metabolism, and the possibility that its expression is negatively regulated by miR-33 in the chicken liver was therefore further studied. Co-transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that the expression of luciferase reporter gene linked to the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of the chicken FTO mRNA was down-regulated by overexpression of the chicken miR-33 in the C2C12 cells (P<0.05). Furthermore, this down-regulation was completely abolished when the predicted miR-33 target site in the FTO 3′UTR was mutated. In contrast, the expression of FTO mRNA in the primary chicken hepatocytes was up-regulated after transfection with the miR-33 inhibitor LNA-anti-miR-33. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we also found that the expression of miR-33 was increased in the chicken liver from day 0 to day 49 of age, whereas that of the FTO mRNA was decreased during the same age period. These data together suggest that miR-33 might play an important role in lipid metabolism in the chicken liver by negatively regulating the expression of the FTO gene.
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LPS-induced inflammation in the chicken is associated with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta-mediated fat mass and obesity associated gene down-regulation in the liver but not hypothalamus. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:257. [PMID: 24345215 PMCID: PMC3892065 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) is widely investigated in humans regarding its important roles in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Studies in mammals demonstrate that FTO is also associated with inflammation markers. However, the association of FTO with inflammation in chickens remains unclear. In this study, male chickens on day 28 posthatching were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline to investigate whether the FTO gene is involved in LPS-induced inflammation. Results We detected significant down-regulation of FTO mRNA in the liver (P < 0.01), but not in the hypothalamus, 2 and 24 h after LPS challenge. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 (P < 0.01) and TLR4 (P < 0.01) followed the same pattern as FTO, being suppressed significantly in liver but not in hypothalamus. IL-1β was dramatically up-regulated (P < 0.01) in both liver and hypothalamus 2 h after LPS challenge, while activation of IL-6 was observed in the liver (P < 0.01), but not in hypothalamus. The 5′-flanking sequence of the chicken FTO gene contains nine predicted binding sites for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP beta) and one for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Significant elevation of C/EBP beta was detected in the liver (P < 0.01), but not in the hypothalamus, 2 h after LPS challenge. Lipopolysaccharide challenge increased the C/EBP beta binding to FTO promoter in the liver (P < 0.01 for fragment 1, P < 0.05 for fragment 2), although the protein content of C/EBP beta was not altered. Moreover, injection of LPS resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of liver STAT3, a downstream transcription factor in IL-6 signaling. Although phosphorylated STAT3 was not detected to directly bind to FTO promoter, it was found to interact with C/EBP beta. Conclusion Our results reveal that FTO expression in liver, but not in hypothalamus, is affected by the i.p. injection of LPS, which may be mediated through tissue-specific FTO transcriptional regulation by C/EBP beta and STAT3 interaction.
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