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Mattison DR, Momoli F, Alyanak C, Aschner M, Baker M, Cashman N, Dydak U, Farhat N, Guilarte TR, Karyakina N, Ramoju S, Shilnikova N, Taba P, Krewski D. Diagnosis of manganism and manganese neurotoxicity: A workshop report. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:11. [PMID: 38410758 PMCID: PMC10895461 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
With declining exposures to manganese (Mn) in occupational settings, there is a need for more sensitive exposure assessments and clinical diagnostic criteria for manganism and Mn neurotoxicity. To address this issue, a workshop was held on November 12-13, 2020, with international experts on Mn toxicity. The workshop discussions focused on the history of the diagnostic criteria for manganism, including those developed by the Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST) in Quebec in 2005 and criteria developed by the Chinese government in 2002 and updated in 2006; the utility of biomarkers of exposure; recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing Mn accumulation in the brain and diagnosing manganism; and potential future applications of metabolomics. The suggestions of the participants for updating manganism diagnostic criteria included the consideration of: i) A history of previous occupational and environmental exposure to Mn; ii) relevant clinical symptoms such as dystonia; iii) MRI imaging to document Mn accumulation in the neural tissues, including the basal ganglia; and iv) criteria for the differential diagnosis of manganism and other neurological conditions. Important research gaps include the characterization of Mn exposure and other co-exposures, exploration of the roles of different brain regions with MRI, understanding the complexity of metal ion transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, and a need for information on other neurotransmitter systems and brain regions underlying the pathophysiology of manganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R. Mattison
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Franco Momoli
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Cemil Alyanak
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marissa Baker
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Neil Cashman
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- ProMIS Neurosciences, Inc., Toronto, ON M4S 3E2, Canada
| | - Ulrike Dydak
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nawal Farhat
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Tomás R. Guilarte
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | - Siva Ramoju
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Natalia Shilnikova
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- R. Samuel McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Pille Taba
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
- Neurology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daniel Krewski
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
- R. Samuel McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
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Friedman A, Schildroth S, Bauer JA, Coull BA, Smith DR, Placidi D, Cagna G, Krengel MH, Tripodis Y, White RF, Lucchini RG, Wright RO, Horton M, Austin C, Arora M, Claus Henn B. Early-life manganese exposure during multiple developmental periods and adolescent verbal learning and memory. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2023; 100:107307. [PMID: 37832858 PMCID: PMC10834060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) is both an essential and toxic metal, and associations with neurodevelopment depend on exposure timing. Prospective data examining early life Mn with adolescent cognition are sparse. METHODS We enrolled 140 Italian adolescents (10-14 years old) from the Public Health Impact of Metals Exposure study. Mn in deciduous teeth was measured using laser ablation-mass spectrometry to represent prenatal, postnatal and early childhood exposure. The California Verbal Learning Test for Children (CVLT-C) was administered to assess adolescent verbal learning and memory. Multivariable regression models estimated changes in CVLT-C scores and the odds of making an error per doubling in dentine Mn in each exposure period. Multiple informant models tested for differences in associations across exposure periods. RESULTS A doubling in prenatal dentine Mn levels was associated with lower odds of making an intrusion error (OR = 0.23 [95% CI: 0.09, 0.61]). This beneficial association was not observed in other exposure periods. A doubling in childhood Mn was beneficially associated with short delay free recall: (ß = 0.47 [95% CI: -0.02, 0.97]), which was stronger in males (ß = 0.94 [95% CI: 0.05, 1.82]). Associations were null in the postnatal period. CONCLUSION Exposure timing is critical for understanding Mn-associated changes in cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Friedman
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Julia A Bauer
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Darmouth, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maxine H Krengel
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Roberta F White
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Lucchini R, Tieu K. Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1190. [PMID: 37627255 PMCID: PMC10452806 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure has evolved from acute, high-level exposure causing manganism to low, chronic lifetime exposure. In this latter scenario, the target areas extend beyond the globus pallidus (as seen with manganism) to the entire basal ganglia, including the substantia nigra pars compacta. This change of exposure paradigm has prompted numerous epidemiological investigations of the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD), or parkinsonism, due to the long-term impact of Mn. In parallel, experimental research has focused on the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of Mn and its interactions with genetic susceptibility. In this review, we provide evidence from both types of studies, with the aim to link the epidemiological data with the potential mechanistic interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Kim Tieu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Association between Blood Manganese Levels and Visceral Adipose Tissue in the United States: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224770. [PMID: 36432456 PMCID: PMC9697925 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element with a narrow toxic margin for human health. The association between Mn exposure and adverse visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation is unclear. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the associations of blood Mn levels with VAT mass or visceral obesity in the general population in the United States. Method: This cross-sectional study included data of 7297 individuals released by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). VAT was quantified with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood Mn was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The generalized linear model and generalized additive model (GAM) were applied to estimate the linear and non-linear associations between Mn levels and VAT mass, respectively. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between blood Mn levels and the risk of visceral obesity. Results: Fully adjusted generalized linear regression revealed that individuals in the higher quantile of Mn had increased VAT mass compared with those in the lower quantile (β per quantile change = 0.025; 95% CI of 0.017, 0.033; p < 0.001). Positive associations were also observed in males and females (males: β per quantile change = 0.012, 95% CI of 0.002, 0.022 (p = 0.020); female: β per quantile change = 0.036; 95% CI of 0.023, 0.048 (p < 0.001)). The GAM illustrated that the non-linear associations between blood Mn levels and VAT mass were in U-shape patterns (effective degree of freedom >1 in total participants, males, and females). A stratified analysis found significant interactions between Mn and the family income-to-poverty ratio (PIR) in males, with stronger associations in males with a PIR < 1.3 (β = 0.109; 95% CI of 0.048, 0.170). Additional analyses revealed that individuals in the highest quantile of Mn had a 39% higher risk of visceral obesity (OR = 1.39; 95% CI of 1.15−1.69; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Higher blood Mn levels were positively associated with increased VAT mass and visceral obesity risk. The adverse VAT phenotype associated with excessive blood Mn levels should be further investigated.
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Nunzio AD, Giarra A, Toscanesi M, Amoresano A, Piscopo M, Ceretti E, Zani C, Lorenzetti S, Trifuoggi M, Montano L. Comparison between Macro and Trace Element Concentrations in Human Semen and Blood Serum in Highly Polluted Areas in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811635. [PMID: 36141930 PMCID: PMC9517217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Macro and trace elements are important regulators of biological processes, including those ones linked to reproduction. Among them, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, and Zn ensure normal spermatic functions. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of 26 macro and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, U, V, and Zn) in blood serum and also in semen of healthy young men, homogeneous for age, anthropometric characteristics, and lifestyle, living in three highly polluted areas in Italy. Furthermore, a comparison among three geographical areas was performed to highlight any difference in the investigated parameters and, overall, to speculate any correlations between chemical elements and semen quality. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among the three areas were found for each investigated element, in both semen and serum samples, where inter-area differences were more evident in semen than in blood serum, suggesting human semen as an early environmental marker. Considering the homogeneity of three cohorts, these differences could be due more to environmental conditions in the recruiting areas, suggesting that variations in those involved in reproductive-associated pathways can have an impact on male fertility. Nevertheless, more research is needed to evaluate threshold values for sperm dysfunction and male infertility. Actually, the role of different dietary intake and environmental exposure underlying the observed differences in the recruiting areas is under further investigation for the same cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Di Nunzio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi-Consorzio Interuniversitario, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ceretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Zani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, Coordination Unit of the Network for Environmental and Reproductive Health (EcoFoodFertility Project), Italy “Oliveto Citra Hospital”, Oliveto Citra, 84020 Salerno, Italy
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Hamid E, Payandeh K, Karimi Nezhad MT, Saadati N. Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (trace elements) in coastal soils of southwest Iran. Front Public Health 2022; 10:889130. [PMID: 36159236 PMCID: PMC9491490 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.889130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most important threats that can endanger the health of animals, the environment, and humans. The present study was performed to investigate the potential ecological risk (PER) of heavy metals [zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se)] in the coastal soils of southwest Iran in 2019. The samples were collected from six soil sites and three depth intervals (0-15, 15-30, and 30-45 cm) among bare and vegetated coastal soils. The soil samples to study the soil properties (soil grain size, pH, EC, and soil organic carbon) and metal contamination were taken from soil (36 samples), water (6 samples), and plants (24 samples). The soil ecological risk (ER), the pollution load index (PLI), contamination degree (Cdeg), modified contamination degree (mCdeg) for heavy metal contamination in the soil, and enrichment factor (EF index) indicate the origin of metals entering the environment, and hence these parameters were investigated. The results of this study showed that the levels of Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Se, and Mo were in the range of low-risk contaminants in this region. According to the results of the study, the risk index (RI) for metals was in the range of 1.296-3.845, which is much lower than 150, and therefore the ecological risk potential calculated in this study was in the low-risk category for toxic elements. Based on the results, it was found that agricultural, industrial, and human activities played an effective role in the accumulation of Zn, Cu, Co, Se, and Mo in the soil. In addition, the main source of Mn metal is believed to be natural due to geological activities in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtessam Hamid
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Khoshnaz Payandeh
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran,*Correspondence: Khoshnaz Payandeh ;
| | | | - Naghmeh Saadati
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Olowoyo JO, Lion N, Unathi T, Oladeji OM. Concentrations of Pb and Other Associated Elements in Soil Dust 15 Years after the Introduction of Unleaded Fuel and the Human Health Implications in Pretoria, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10238. [PMID: 36011873 PMCID: PMC9408104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaded fuel has been reported to contain certain amounts of toxic trace metals such as Pb and Cadmium (Cd), which may have negative impacts on humans and the environment. Unleaded fuel was introduced to South Africa in 2006 with the aim of reducing and eventually eliminating the negative impact of leaded fuel on the environment. However, trace metals are usually nonbiodegradable, and it may therefore be necessary to monitor their presence in the environment so as to evaluate their possible impact on human health. The present study evaluated the levels of Pb and other heavy metals in soil samples collected from petrol (gas) filling stations and from busy roads just around the filling stations in Pretoria, South Africa, fifteen years after the introduction of unleaded fuel. A total of twenty-four (24) soil samples were analysed for lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and cadmium (Cd) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the concentrations of the trace metals were in the following ranges: Pb, 0.08 ± 0.02−188.36 ± 15.32 ug/g; Mn, 5.35 ± 0.34−6842.43 ± 1.35 ug/g; Zn, 1.82 ± 0.22−9814.89 ± 22.32 ug/g; As, 0.21 ± 0.00−8.42 ± 2.44 ug/g; Cu, 10.51 ± 3.41−859 ± 0.09 ug/g; Cr, 5.80 ± 2.21−417.70 ± 9.08 ug/g; Ti, 19.94 ± 4.99−1036.12 ± 1.49 ug/g; and Fe, 3.06 ± 7.87−674.07 ± 12.22 mg/g. The highest concentrations from all the elements were recorded for Fe in all the collected soil samples. The concentrations of Pb in the soils collected from sites associated with high traffic and industrial areas were higher than for those from all other sites, and the differences were significant (p < 0.05). The pollution index (PI), which is the anthropogenic influence of the trace metals, and the geoaccumulation (Igeo), which allows for the removal of possible variations as regards the studied element in the soil due to the possible differences in the background value, showed that some samples were enriched anthropogenically. The PI for Ni, Pb, Cu, and Cr indicated highly anthropogenically contaminated soils, especially at sites associated with high traffic volumes and in industrial areas. The Igeo showed moderately polluted areas for Pb and Cu in high-traffic areas. The exposure routes for the toxic trace metals that were of concern in the study were either through ingestion or dermal contact. The calculated hazard quotient showed both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for Fe and Mn via ingestion and through dermal contact for both children and adults, respectively. The concentrations of Pb were high and similar to those that were previously reported in the study and pointed to vehicular emission as one of the contributors. The study also noticed an increase in the presence of Mn and Fe in all soil samples.
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Environmental Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Using Pollution Indices and Data-Driven Modeling in Surface Sediment of the Littoral Shelf of the Mediterranean Sea Coast and Gamasa Estuary, Egypt. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10060816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coastal environmental assessment techniques have evolved into one of the most important fields for the long-term development and management of coastal zones. So, the overall aim of the present investigation was to provide effective approaches for making informed decisions about the Gamasa coast sediment quality. Over a two-year investigation, sediment samples were meticulously collected from the Gamasa estuary and littoral shelf. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectra (ICP-MS) was used to the total concentrations of Al, Fe, Ti, Mg, Mn, Cu, P, V, Ba, Cr, Sr, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Zr, and Ce. Single elements environmental pollution indices including the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and enrichment factor (EF), as well as multi-elements pollution indices comprising the potential ecological risk index (RI), degree of contamination (Dc), and pollution load index (PLI) were used to assess the sediment and the various geo-environmental variables affecting the Mediterranean coastal system. Furthermore, the Dc, PLI, and RI were estimated using the random forest (RF) and Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) depending on the selected elements. According to the Dc results, all the investigated sediment samples categories were considerably contaminated. Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, V, Zn, P, and Mn showed remarkable enrichment in sediment samples and were originated from anthropogenic sources based on the CF, EF, and Igeo data. Moreover, the RI findings revealed that all the samples tested pose a low ecologically risk. Meanwhile, based on PLI, 70% of the Gamasa estuary samples were polluted, while 93.75% of littoral shelf sediment was unpolluted. The BPNNs -PCs-CD-17 model performed the best and demonstrated a better association between exceptional qualities and CD. With R2 values of 1.00 for calibration (Cal.) and 1.00 for validation (Val.). The BPNNs -PCs-PLI-17 models performed the best in terms of measuring PLI with respective R2 values of 1.00 and 0.98 for the Cal. and Val. datasets. The findings showed that the RF and BPNN models may be used to precisely quantify the pollution indices (Dc, PLI, and RI) in calibration (Cal.) and validation (Val.) datasets utilizing potentially toxic elements of surface sediment.
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Belingheri M, Chiu YHM, Renzetti S, Bhasin D, Wen C, Placidi D, Oppini M, Covolo L, Padovani A, Lucchini RG. Relationships of Nutritional Factors and Agrochemical Exposure with Parkinson's Disease in the Province of Brescia, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3309. [PMID: 35328997 PMCID: PMC8954923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposures to agrochemicals and nutritional factors may be associated with Parkinson's Disease (PD). None of the studies to date has examined the combined effects of diet and agricultural chemical exposure together. To address these research gaps, we aimed to assess the association of nutritional factors and agrochemical exposure with the risk of PD. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate the association of nutritional and agrochemical exposures with PD, adjusting for gender, age, socio-economic status, head injury, family history, smoking, metals exposure, and α-synuclein gene polymorphism. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression was applied to examine the effect of dietary components as a mixture. We recruited 347 cases and 389 controls. Parent history of PD (OR = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.10, 8.20), metals exposure (OR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.61-3.89), SNCA rs356219 polymorphism (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.04-1.87 for TC vs. TT; OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.43-3.28 for CC vs. TT), agrochemical exposures (OR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.41-3.16), and being born in the Brescia province (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.17-2.90) were significantly associated with PD. Conversely, fish intake and coffee consumption had a protective effect. The study confirmed the role of environmental exposures in the genesis of PD. Fish intake and coffee consumption are protective factors even when agricultural chemical exposures exist. Genetic factors and metals exposure were confirmed as risk factors for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Belingheri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20090 Monza, Italy
| | - Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Deepika Bhasin
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Chi Wen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Loredana Covolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.R.); (D.P.); (M.O.); (L.C.); (R.G.L.)
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 11200, USA
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Haque E, Moran ME, Wang H, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS. Validation of blood arsenic and manganese assessment from archived clotted erythrocyte fraction in an urban cohort of mother-child dyads. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152320. [PMID: 34915002 PMCID: PMC9709768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) from contaminated food, drinking water and dust are linked to a host of adverse health effects. The recent discovery of unmonitored community exposures to hazardous levels of metals, as seen in the Flint Water Crisis and East Chicago, have demonstrated a need for novel biomonitoring methods utilizing samples other than whole blood. Here, we present a method utilizing clotted erythrocyte fraction samples, a blood component commonly archived in biorepositories, to predict whole blood levels of As and Mn. This method would allow for innovative retrospective assessments of environmental exposures in previously unused samples. Whole blood and clotted erythrocyte fraction samples were simultaneously collected from 84 participants in the Airborne Exposure to Semivolatile Organic Pollutants (AESOP) cohort study of mother-child dyads in East Chicago. Clotted erythrocyte fraction samples were prepared by alkaline dilution and subsequently analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A strong linear relationship was observed between whole blood and clotted erythrocyte fraction with Pearson correlation coefficients (r, p < 0.001) of 0.74, and 0.82 for As and Mn, respectively. Modeled whole blood Mn levels predicted from clotted erythrocyte fractions evaluated at a test threshold representing the NHANES median of 9.7 μg/L, were found to have diagnostic sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 71%. Clotted erythrocyte partitioning of As was tested on a wide range of oral gavage doses using a rat model. Results from this investigation demonstrate clotted erythrocyte fraction samples are a viable alternative biological sample for retrospective public health surveillance of environmental exposure to As and Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezazul Haque
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, United States of America; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Margaret E Moran
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, United States of America
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, United States of America; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, United States of America.
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11
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Bauer JA, White RF, Coull BA, Austin C, Oppini M, Zoni S, Fedrighi C, Cagna G, Placidi D, Guazzetti S, Yang Q, Bellinger DC, Webster TF, Wright RO, Smith D, Horton M, Lucchini RG, Arora M, Claus Henn B. Critical windows of susceptibility in the association between manganese and neurocognition in Italian adolescents living near ferro-manganese industry. Neurotoxicology 2021; 87:51-61. [PMID: 34478771 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the neurodevelopmental effects of manganese (Mn) is complicated due to its essentiality for growth and development. While evidence exists for the harmful effects of excess Mn, pediatric epidemiologic studies have observed inconsistent associations between Mn and child cognition. OBJECTIVE We sought to estimate prospective associations between Mn measured in three different early-life time windows with adolescent cognition using deciduous teeth biomarkers. METHODS Deciduous teeth were collected from 195 participants (ages 10-14 years) of the Public Health Impact of Manganese Exposure (PHIME) study in Brescia, Italy. Measurements of tooth Mn represented prenatal (∼14 weeks gestation - birth), early postnatal (birth - 1.5 years) and childhood (∼1.5 - 6 years) time windows. Neuropsychologists administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 3rd edition (WISC-III), to obtain composite IQ and subtest scores. Associations between tooth Mn at each time window and adolescent WISC-III scores were estimated using multivariable linear regression. We tested differences in associations between Mn and outcomes across time windows using multiple informant models. Sex-specific associations were explored in stratified models. RESULTS Adjusted associations between tooth Mn and composite IQ scores were positive in the prenatal period and negative in the childhood period. Associations were strongest for subtest scores that reflect working memory, problem solving, visuospatial ability and attention: prenatal Mn was positively associated with Digits backward [SD change in score per interquartile range increase in Mn: β = 0.20 (95 % CI: 0.02, 0.38)] and Block design [β = 0.21 (0.01, 0.41)] and early postnatal Mn was positively associated with Digits forward [β = 0.24 (0.09, 0.40)], while childhood Mn was negatively associated with Coding [β = -0.14 (-0.28, -0.001)]. Sex-stratified analyses suggested different Mn-cognition associations for boys and girls and was also dependent on the time window of exposure. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that exposure timing is critical when evaluating Mn associations between Mn and cognition. Higher prenatal Mn was beneficial for adolescent cognition; however, these beneficial associations shifted towards harmful effects in later time windows. Cognitive domains most sensitive to Mn across time windows included visuospatial ability, working memory, attention and problem-solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Anglen Bauer
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Roberta F White
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Bellinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy; School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Haque E, Thorne PS, Nghiem AA, Yip CS, Bostick BC. Lead (Pb) concentrations and speciation in residential soils from an urban community impacted by multiple legacy sources. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125886. [PMID: 34492824 PMCID: PMC8666965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In many urban areas, elevated soil lead (Pb) concentrations are indicators of community-level Pb exposure. Here, we examine the spatial distribution and speciation of legacy soil Pb contamination in East Chicago, Ind., an industrial center with a wide range of Pb sources including a former lead smelter. In situ X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (n = 358) revealed widespread soil Pb contamination above the Environmental Protection Agency regulatory limit for soils. This soil contamination was heterogenous across all neighborhoods, and mostly uncorrelated with distance from the former smelting site. Soil Pb levels increased with decreasing median household income in East Chicago's nine neighborhoods (r = -0.73, p = 0.03). Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (n = 44) indicated that the soil Pb was primarily adsorbed to iron and manganese oxides or humic acids, and as Pb hydroxycarbonate regardless of contamination levels. Crystalline insoluble forms of Pb, like pyromorphite, were not detected in significant concentrations. Thus, the unique chemical forms of potential Pb sources to soil, such as paint, ore and slag are not persistent and instead are extensively repartitioned into acid-soluble forms of Pb with greater bioavailability. These findings have implications for remediation efforts and human health as blood Pb levels in this community are significantly elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezazul Haque
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Peter S Thorne
- Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, USA.
| | - Athena A Nghiem
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | - Caryn S Yip
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Benjamin C Bostick
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA.
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Stolfi A, Fulk F, Reponen T, Hilbert TJ, Brown D, Haynes EN. AERMOD modeling of ambient manganese for residents living near a ferromanganese refinery in Marietta, OH, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:419. [PMID: 34120251 PMCID: PMC8569639 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elevated exposure to ambient manganese (Mn) is associated with adverse health outcomes. In Marietta, Ohio, the primary source of ambient Mn exposure is from the longest operating ferromanganese refinery in North America. In this study, the US EPA air dispersion model, AERMOD, was used to estimate ambient air Mn levels near the refinery for the years 2008-2013. Modeled air Mn concentrations for 2009-2010 were compared to concentrations obtained from a stationary air sampler. Census block population data were used to estimate population sizes exposed to an annual average air Mn > 50 ng/m3, the US EPA guideline for chronic exposure, for each year. Associations between modeled air Mn, measured soil Mn, and measured indoor dust Mn in the modeled area were also examined. Median modeled air Mn concentrations ranged from 6.3 to 43 ng/m3 across the years. From 12,000-56,000 individuals, including over 2000 children aged 0-14 years, were exposed to respirable annual average ambient air Mn levels exceeding 50 ng/m3 in five of the six years. For 2009-2010, the median modeled air Mn concentration at the stationary site was 20 ng/m3, compared to 18 ng/m3 measured with the stationary air sampler. All model performance measures for monthly modeled concentrations compared to measured concentrations were within acceptable limits. The study shows that AERMOD modeling of ambient air Mn is a viable method for estimating exposure from refinery emissions and that the Marietta area population was at times exposed to Mn levels that exceeded US EPA guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Stolfi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
| | - Florence Fulk
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Timothy J Hilbert
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David Brown
- Department of Biology & Environmental Science, Marietta College, Marietta, OH, USA
| | - Erin N Haynes
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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14
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Qi T, Huang Y, Li S, Ying Q, Jiang Z, Ma L, Li C, Chen P, Xu W, Lan Y, Chu K, Xu L, Lou J, Yu W, Zhou J. Associations of age at natural menopause and occupations in Chinese female workers: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110776. [PMID: 33516685 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the impact of occupation types on age at natural menopause. METHODS This is a nation-wide cross-sectional study based on 17,948 female workers aged over 40, who come from different industries or organizations. A face-to-face standardized questionnaire was conducted in all participants with the help of occupational hygienists. Occupational titles were coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (2008) (ISCO08). Cox regression model was used to assess the association between each independent occupation and menopausal timing. Models were adjusted for marriage, education, average annual family income, parity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption. RESULTS Higher risks of earlier age at natural menopause was found among legislators and senior officials (ISCO Minor group:111, HR = 2.328, P < 0.001), among other health associated professionals (ISCO Minor group: 325, HR = 1.477, P = 0.003), the workers involved in mining and mineral processing (ISCO Minor group: 811, HR = 1.515, P = 0.048) and metal processing and finishing (ISCO Minor group: 812, HR = 1.722, P < 0.001). Reduced risks of earlier age at natural menopause, including: finance professionals (ISCO Minor group: 241, HR = 0.751, P = 0.021), manufacturing and construction supervisors (ISCO Minor group: 312, HR = 0.477, P = 0.002), administrative and specialized secretaries (ISCO Minor group: 334, HR = 0.788, P = 0.045), cleaners and helpers (ISCO Minor group: 911, HR = 0.633, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to address the influence of occupation types on reproductive aging, showing some specific occupations could be associated with age at natural menopause. Further investigations are necessary to clarify whether it is chance finding or a true association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyun Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Saisai Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ying
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqiang Jiang
- Institute of Occupational Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqiong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Lan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ketan Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Zhejiang Maternal and Child Care and Reproductive Health Center, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Lou
- Institute of Occupational Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenlan Yu
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Peli M, Bostick BC, Barontini S, Lucchini RG, Ranzi R. Profiles and species of Mn, Fe and trace metals in soils near a ferromanganese plant in Bagnolo Mella (Brescia, IT). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:143123. [PMID: 33160660 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For the last forty-five years (from 1974 to present) ferroalloy production in Bagnolo Mella, Northern Italy, has generated particulate emissions enriched in potentially toxic metals and metalloids including arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn). Of these, Mn is unique in that it has a significant background concentration and is seldom studied as a contaminant but is potentially a significant toxin derived from dusts regionally. Here we examine the distribution, redistribution, speciation and bioavailability of the Mn-contaminated top soils affected by atmospheric emissions adjacent to the ferroalloy plant. Four sites, variably located in the study area in terms of both distance and direction from the plant, were considered as representative of increasing levels of industrial influence. Soil profiles showed that metal concentrations (measured by X-ray fluorescence) varied considerably by location, i.e. higher in the sites closer to the plant and also at the surface level, although distributed throughout the top 15 cm, suggesting appreciable redistribution possibly due to soil mixing or infiltration. Most metal concentrations were correlated, except Mn which was independent and more variable across the sites than the other elements. Sequential chemical extractions indicated that Pb was primarily associated with Mn oxides, while As was most significantly associated with iron oxides. When Mn concentration significantly exceeded background levels, it was present in phases that were resistant to acid dissolution, very different from typical uncontaminated soils. X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) analyses suggested this recalcitrant Mn phase is likely a Mn-bearing spinel such as magnetite, that can be particularly toxic if ingested or inhaled. These first results highlight the legacy of ferroalloy production on surrounding soils, as well as the importance of Mn speciation for soil apportionment evaluation and human exposure estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Peli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio, Ambiente e di Matematica, DICATAM - Università degli Studi di Brescia; via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
| | - Benjamin C Bostick
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University; 61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, USA.
| | - Stefano Barontini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio, Ambiente e di Matematica, DICATAM - Università degli Studi di Brescia; via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Dipartimento di Specialità Medico Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, DSMC - Università dezgli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102 St Floor Third - West Tower, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Roberto Ranzi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio, Ambiente e di Matematica, DICATAM - Università degli Studi di Brescia; via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
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16
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Lucchini RG, Guazzetti S, Renzetti S, Broberg K, Caci M, Covolo L, Crippa P, Gelatti U, Hashim D, Oppini M, Pepe F, Pilotto A, Passeri C, Placidi D, Rizzetti MC, Turla M, Wahlberg K, Padovani A. Metal Exposure and SNCA rs356219 Polymorphism Associated With Parkinson Disease and Parkinsonism. Front Neurol 2020; 11:556337. [PMID: 33362685 PMCID: PMC7755861 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.556337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In the province of Brescia, Italy, historical neurotoxic metal exposure has occurred for several decades. This study aimed to explore the role of metal exposure and genetics on Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Parkinsonism. Methods: Cases were enrolled from four local clinics for movement disorders. Randomly selected controls non-affected by neurological or psychiatric conditions were enrolled from the same health centers keeping a similar gender ratio and age distribution as for cases. Data on sociodemographic variables, clinical onset and life habits were collected besides accurate occupational and residential history. Blood samples were collected from all participants for genotyping of target polymorphisms in genes linked to PD and/or metal transport. Results: A total number of 432 cases and 444 controls were enrolled in the study, with average age of 71 years (72.2 for cases and 70 for controls). The average age at diagnosis was 65.9 years (SD 9.9). Among the potential risk factors, family history of PD or Parkinsonism showed the strongest association with the diseases (OR = 4.2, 95% CI 2.3, 7.6 on PD; OR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.9, 9.5 for Parkinsonism), followed by polymorphism rs356219 in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.3, 3.3 for CC vs. TT on PD; OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.1, 5.3 for CC vs. TT on Parkinsonism), exposure to metals (OR = 2.4;, 95% CI 1.3, 4.2 on PD), being born in a farm (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.1, 2.8 on PD; OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.4, 4.9 on Parkinsonism) and being born in the province of Brescia (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.0, 2.9 on PD). Conditional OR of having PD depending by SNCA polymorphism and metal exposure highlights higher risk of PD among CC SNCA carriers and being exposed to metals. However, the interaction term was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Lifetime exposure to metals and genetic variation in SNCA gene are relevant determinants of PD and Parkinsonism in the highly industrialized area of Brescia, Italy. The lack of evidence of statistical interaction between environmental and genetic factors may be due to the low frequencies of subjects representing the exposure categories and the polymorphism variants and does not rule out the biological interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G. Lucchini
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Margherita Caci
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Loredana Covolo
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Gelatti
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dana Hashim
- Hematology & Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Pepe
- Neurology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Parkinson Rehabilitation Center, Ospedale S. Isidoro - FERB Onlus, Trescore Balneario, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Chiara Passeri
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maira Cristina Rizzetti
- Parkinson Rehabilitation Center, Ospedale S. Isidoro - FERB Onlus, Trescore Balneario, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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17
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Martins AC, Krum BN, Queirós L, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Manganese in the Diet: Bioaccessibility, Adequate Intake, and Neurotoxicological Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12893-12903. [PMID: 32298096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that participates in several biological processes. Mn serves as a cofactor for several enzymes, such as glutamine synthetase and oxidoreductases, that have an important role in the defense of the organisms against oxidative stress. The diet is the main source of Mn intake for humans, and adequate daily intake levels for this metal change with age. Moreover, in higher amounts, Mn may be toxic, mainly to the brain. Here, we provide an overview of Mn occurrence in food, addressing its bioaccessibility and discussing the dietary standard and recommended intake of Mn consumption. In addition, we review some mechanisms underlying Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Bárbara Nunes Krum
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Libânia Queirós
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- Department of Molecular of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg 460000, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl, 150003, Russia
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146, Russia
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Linhares D, Pimentel A, Borges C, Cruz JV, Garcia P, Dos Santos Rodrigues A. Cobalt distribution in the soils of São Miguel Island (Azores): From volcanoes to health effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 684:715-721. [PMID: 31174099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Volcanic soils cover only approximately 1% of the Earth's surface, yet they support 10% of the world's population due to their inherent fertility. However, deep magmatic processes may lead to depletion of certain elements in volcanic rocks. The imbalance of essential elements, such as cobalt, in soil parent materials can affect the health of plants and grazing animals and, thus, humans. Within the particular geological context of the Azores, the present study aims to assess cobalt concentration in volcanic soils to predict the risk of cobalt deficiency in animals and humans. Samples from agricultural topsoils and pasture grass were collected in six volcanic regions of São Miguel Island, and their physicochemical properties were measured, including selected transition metal element contents, such as iron, manganese and cobalt. The soil cobalt concentration was below 5 mg/kg in Povoação< Furnas/Congro< Sete Cidades< Fogo and was higher than 10 mg/kg in Picos< Nordeste. Cobalt concentrations were very low in pasture grass. Values below 0.1 mg/kg were observed in Furnas/Congro<Povoação<Fogo<Picos<Sete Cidades, and only the volcanic region of Nordeste had adequate values of cobalt (0.34 ± 0.19 mg/kg) in pasture grass to fulfill animal needs. The concentrations of iron and manganese were also significantly higher in the two latter volcanic regions. These differences result from the pedogenesis of volcanic rocks with distinct geochemical compositions related to different degrees of magmatic evolution. The results show that there is a significant lack of cobalt in agricultural soils on São Miguel and that it is important to predict the risk of cobalt deprivation due to its significant biological value. Soils deficient in cobalt can reduce plant growth, result in the impairment of vitamin B12 formation in animals, and consequently affect animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Linhares
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Adriano Pimentel
- IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; CIVISA, Centre for Information and Seismovolcanic Surveillance of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Borges
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - José Virgílio Cruz
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Garcia
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
| | - Armindo Dos Santos Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; IVAR, Institute of Volcanology and Risks Assessment, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
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19
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Butler L, Gennings C, Peli M, Borgese L, Placidi D, Zimmerman N, Hsu HHL, Coull BA, Wright RO, Smith DR, Lucchini RG, Claus Henn B. Assessing the contributions of metals in environmental media to exposure biomarkers in a region of ferroalloy industry. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2019; 29:674-687. [PMID: 30337680 PMCID: PMC6472994 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-018-0081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Residential proximity to ferroalloy production has been associated with increased manganese exposure, which can adversely affect health, particularly among children. Little is known, however, about which environmental samples contribute most to internal levels of manganese and other ferroalloy metals. We aimed to characterize sources of exposure to metals and evaluate the ability of internal biomarkers to reflect exposures from environmental media. In 717 Italian adolescents residing near ferromanganese industry, we examined associations between manganese, lead, chromium, and copper in environmental samples (airborne particles, surface soil, indoor/outdoor house dust) and biological samples (blood, hair, nails, saliva, urine). In multivariable regression analyses adjusted for child age and sex, a 10% increase in soil Mn was associated with increases of 3.0% (95% CI: 1.1%, 4.9%) in nail Mn and 1.6% (95% CI: -0.2%, 3.4%) in saliva Mn. Weighted-quantile-sum (WQS) regression estimated that higher soil and outdoor dust Mn accounted for most of the effect on nail Mn (WQS weights: 0.61 and 0.22, respectively, out of a total of 1.0). Higher air and soil Mn accounted for most of the effect on saliva Mn (WQS weights: 0.65 and 0.29, respectively). These findings can help inform biomarker selection in future epidemiologic studies and guide intervention strategies in exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Butler
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Peli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Borgese
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Neil Zimmerman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hsiao-Hsien L Hsu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Broberg K, Taj T, Guazzetti S, Peli M, Cagna G, Pineda D, Placidi D, Wright RO, Smith DR, Lucchini RG, Wahlberg K. Manganese transporter genetics and sex modify the association between environmental manganese exposure and neurobehavioral outcomes in children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104908. [PMID: 31233999 PMCID: PMC6682429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that environmental manganese (Mn) exposure early in life can have negative effects on children's neurodevelopment and increase the risk of behavioral problems, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Factors that may contribute to differences in sensitivity to Mn exposure are sex and genetic variation of proteins involved in the regulation of Mn concentrations. Here we investigate if sex and polymorphisms in Mn transporter genes SLC30A10 and SLC39A8 influence the association between Mn exposure and ADHD-related behavioral problems in children. The SNPs rs1776029 and rs12064812 in SLC30A10, and rs13107325 in SLC39A8 were genotyped by TaqMan PCR or pyrosequencing in a population of Italian children (aged 11-14 years; n = 645) with a wide range of environmental Mn exposure. Mn in surface soil was measured in situ using XRF technology or modeled by geospatial analysis. Linear regression models or generalized additive models (GAM) were used for analyzing associations between soil Mn and neurobehavioral problems assessed by the Conners' behavior rating scales (self-, and parent-reported). Gene-environment interactions (Mn transporter genotype x soil Mn) were evaluated using a genetic score in which genotypes for the three SNPs were combined based on their association with blood Mn, as an indication of their influence on Mn regulation. We observed differences in associations between soil Mn and neurobehavior between sexes. For several self-reported Conners' scales, girls showed U-shaped relationships with higher (worse) Conners' scoring at higher soil Mn levels, and several parent-reported scales showed positive linear relationships between increasing soil Mn and higher Conner's scores. For boys, we observed a positive linear relationship with soil Mn for one Conner's outcome only (hyperactivity, parent-reported). We also observed some interactions between soil Mn and the genetic score on Conner's scales in girls and girls with genotypes linked to high blood Mn showed particularly strong positive associations between soil Mn and parent-reported Conners' scales. Our results indicate that sex and polymorphisms in Mn transporter genes contribute to differences in sensitivity to Mn exposure from the environment and that girls that are genetically less efficient at regulating Mn, may be a particularly vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 21, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Tahir Taj
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Marco Peli
- Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy
| | - Daniela Pineda
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 21, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy
| | - Robert O Wright
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 21, 221 85 Lund, Sweden.
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21
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de Water E, Papazaharias DM, Ambrosi C, Mascaro L, Iannilli E, Gasparotti R, Lucchini RG, Austin C, Arora M, Tang CY, Smith DR, Wright RO, Horton MK. Early-life dentine manganese concentrations and intrinsic functional brain connectivity in adolescents: A pilot study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220790. [PMID: 31412061 PMCID: PMC6693851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturational processes in the developing brain are disrupted by exposure to environmental toxicants, setting the stage for deviant developmental trajectories. Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient that is neurotoxic at high levels of exposure, particularly affecting the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex. Both the intensity and timing of exposure matter; deciduous teeth can be used to retrospectively and objectively determine early-life windows of vulnerability. The aim of this pilot study was to examine associations between prenatal, early postnatal and childhood dentine Mn concentrations and intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of adolescents' brains. 14 adolescents (12-18 years; 6 girls) from northern Italian regions with either current, historic or no Mn contamination, completed a 10-minute resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan in an 1.5T MRI scanner. We estimated prenatal, early postnatal and childhood Mn concentrations in deciduous teeth using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. We performed seed-based correlation analyses, focusing on six subcortical seeds (left and right caudate, putamen, pallidum) and one cortical seed (bilateral middle frontal gyrus) from Harvard-Oxford atlases. We examined linear and quadratic correlations between log-transformed Mn concentrations and seed-based iFC (Bonferroni-corrected p<0.0023), controlling for either socio-economic status, sex or age. Dentine Mn concentrations (Mn:Calcium ratio) were highest during the prenatal period (median = 0.48) and significantly declined during the early postnatal (median = 0.14) and childhood periods (median = 0.006). Postnatal Mn concentrations were associated with: 1) increased iFC between the middle frontal gyrus and medial prefrontal cortex; 2) decreased iFC between the right putamen and pre- and postcentral gyrus. Together, these findings suggest that early postnatal Mn concentrations are associated with increased iFC within cognitive control brain areas, but decreased iFC between motor areas in adolescents. Future studies should replicate these findings in larger samples, and link brain connectivity measures to cognitive and motor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik de Water
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Christine Austin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Manish Arora
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Cheuk Y. Tang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Donald R. Smith
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Megan K. Horton
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
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22
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Bansal E, Placidi D, Carver S, Renzetti S, Giorgino A, Cagna G, Zoni S, Fedrighi C, Montemurro M, Oppini M, Conversano M, Guazzetti S, Wright RO, Smith D, Claudio L, Lucchini RG. Metabolic Outcomes in Southern Italian Preadolescents Residing Near an Industrial Complex: The Role of Residential Location and Socioeconomic Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2036. [PMID: 31181712 PMCID: PMC6603983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors may interact to produce metabolic changes in children. We assessed the influence of residential location and socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric body mass index (BMI) Z-score and fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentration. Participants included 214 children aged 6-11 years who live near a large industrial complex in Taranto, Italy. Participants were grouped into residential zones based on the distance between their home address and the complex periphery (Zone 1: 0.000-4.999 km, Zone 2: 5.000-9.999 km, Zone 3: 10.000-15.000 km). BMI Z-scores were calculated via World Health Organization (WHO) pediatric reference curves. FBG was obtained via venous blood sampling. Closer residential location to the industrial complex on the order of 5.000 km was significantly associated with worsened metabolic outcomes, particularly in female children. Zone 1 participants had higher BMI-adjusted FBG than Zone 2 and 3 participants (p < 0.05 versus Zone 2; p < 0.01 versus Zone 3). SES did not significantly influence BMI-adjusted FBG. Moreover, BMI Z-scores indicated high rates of overweight (22.0%) and obesity (22.9%) in the cohort. BMI Z-score was not significantly associated with SES or residential zone but was negatively associated with maternal education level (p < 0.05). These results offer new evidence that residing near industrial activity may predict adverse effects on child metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Bansal
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Shaye Carver
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Biology, Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, PA 02467, USA.
| | - Stefano Renzetti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Augusto Giorgino
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Miriana Montemurro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Manuela Oppini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Michele Conversano
- Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority of Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Stefano Guazzetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Donald Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Luz Claudio
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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23
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Wahlberg KE, Guazzetti S, Pineda D, Larsson SC, Fedrighi C, Cagna G, Zoni S, Placidi D, Wright RO, Smith DR, Lucchini RG, Broberg K. Polymorphisms in Manganese Transporters SLC30A10 and SLC39A8 Are Associated With Children's Neurodevelopment by Influencing Manganese Homeostasis. Front Genet 2018; 9:664. [PMID: 30619481 PMCID: PMC6307466 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Manganese (Mn) is an essential element but at excessive levels, it is neurotoxic. Even a moderate increase in Mn has been suggested to interfere with neurodevelopment in children. Genetics influencing Mn concentrations and toxicity is unclear. Objective: We assessed, in a cross-sectional study, whether common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the Mn transporters SLC39A8 (influx) and SLC30A10 (efflux) are associated with neurodevelopment in children. Design: We genotyped SLC39A8 (rs13107325 C/T) and SLC30A10 (rs1776029 G/A and rs12064812 T/C) in Italian children (n = 686, ages 11–14). We then used linear regression models to analyze associations between genotype, blood Mn concentrations, and neurodevelopmental outcomes including intelligence, behavior, motor function, and sway. Inferred causal relationships were evaluated using instrumental variables (IV) analysis. Results: For SLC30A10 rs1776029, the minor allele (A) was associated with increased average blood Mn of 41% (p < 0.001), whereas minor alleles for rs12064812 (C) and rs13107325 (T) were associated with reduced blood Mn of 7% (p = 0.002) and 15% (p < 0.001), respectively. For children carrying genotypes associated with high blood Mn, we observed lower performance for certain IQ subtests, increased sway, and increased scores for behavioral problems. High Mn genotypes showed odds ratios of 2–4 (p ≤ 0.01) for high scores in tests assessing ADHD-related behavior. IV analyses suggested that several of the associations were mediated by blood Mn. Conclusions: Our results suggest that common polymorphisms in SLC39A8 and SLC30A10 influence neurodevelopmental outcomes in children via differences in Mn homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Daniela Pineda
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Cagna
- Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Robert O Wright
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Donald R Smith
- Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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24
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Shao M, Zhu Y, Hao R, Yu Z, Song M. The health hazards of potentially toxic metals in the daily diets of adults and children from a mining and smelting region (Hezhang County) in southwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:432. [PMID: 29946858 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6816-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metals accumulated in the human body are predominantly absorbed by the digestive tract in non-occupationally exposed populations. In the current study, we collected plowed soil samples, and investigated the varied food compositions in a mining and smelting area in southwestern China, to measure the concentrations of ten potentially toxic metals-As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn. We collected information on the daily intakes of these metals to assess the health risks associated with their exposure among children and adults. The urine concentrations of the metals were also measured to obtain data on the amounts present in the body. The results showed that the hazard indexes (HIs) of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Sr were all larger than 1, for both adults and children; the Zn and Cu values were comparatively higher in children. The intake of staple foods of the region posed the greatest health risk, while drinking water only posed risks clearly associated with As exposure. The urine samples of local residents contained larger amounts of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, confirming the hazards in the health risk assessment. Obvious differences in the urine metal concentrations between men and women were confirmed. In conclusion, higher concentrations of metals in the surface soil and rain water were the predominant cause of elevated exposure through home-grown crops and produce to accumulate in local residents' bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Shao
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Rui Hao
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Minghan Song
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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25
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Wahlberg K, Arora M, Curtin A, Curtin P, Wright RO, Smith DR, Lucchini RG, Broberg K, Austin C. Polymorphisms in manganese transporters show developmental stage and sex specific associations with manganese concentrations in primary teeth. Neurotoxicology 2017; 64:103-109. [PMID: 28917719 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal that can become neurotoxic at elevated levels with negative consequences on neurodevelopment. We have evaluated the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Mn transporter genes SLC30A10 and SLC39A8 on Mn concentrations in dentine, a validated biomarker that reflects Mn tissue concentrations early in life. METHODS The study included 195 children with variable environmental Mn exposure. Mn concentrations in dentine representing fetal, early postnatal and early childhood developmental periods were measured using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. SLC30A10 rs12064812 (T/C) and SLC39A8 rs13107325 (C/T) were genotyped by TaqMan real time PCR and SLC30A10 rs1776029 (G/A) by pyrosequencing; and SNPs were analyzed in association with Mn in dentine. RESULTS SLC39A8 rs13107325 rare allele (T) carriers had significantly higher Mn concentrations in postnatal dentine (110%, p=0.008). For all SNPs we also observed non-significant associations with Mn concentrations in dentine in opposite directions for fetal and early postnatal periods. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the influence of SLC30A10 rs1776929 genotypes on Mn concentrations in dentine between sexes. DISCUSSION The findings from this study indicate that common SNPs in Mn transporters influence Mn homeostasis in early development and may therefore be important to consider in future studies of early life Mn exposure and health effects. Our results also suggest that the influence of these transporters on Mn regulation may differ by developmental stage, as well as between girls and boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wahlberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 21, 221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Austen Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Paul Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
| | - Donald R Smith
- Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, 156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA; Occupational Health Institute, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia BS, Italy
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Klinikgatan 21, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-5674, USA
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Hernández-Pellón A, Fernández-Olmo I, Ledoux F, Courcot L, Courcot D. Characterization of manganese-bearing particles in the vicinities of a manganese alloy plant. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:411-424. [PMID: 28237517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have associated air manganese (Mn) exposure with negative health effects, primarily neurotoxic disorders. Despite there is not a specific European regulation, institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) have proposed an annual average guideline value of 150 ng/m3. Bioaccessibility and toxicity mechanisms of Mn remain unclear, however it is generally agreed that adverse health effects are strongly linked to particle size and morphology, chemical composition and oxidation state. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the physico-chemical characteristics of PM10 and deposition samples collected in an urban area in the proximities of a ferromanganese alloy plant. Total Mn content was determined by ICP-MS after a microwave-assisted acid digestion. The size, morphology and chemical composition of individual particles were studied by SEM-EDX. XRD was used to identify the major crystalline phases. Most of the particles observed by SEM-EDX contain Mn. 60% of Mn-PM10 particles were spheres of small size and were attributed to condensation processes at the smelting unit. Mn-bearing particles present in deposition were characterized by irregular shapes and bigger sizes, most of them consisting of SiMn slags and Mn ores and alloys, and attributed to diffuse emissions from raw material and product handling and processing. Due to the differences in the characteristics of Mn-bearing particles found in the different matrices, further studies on the potential toxicity and health effects of these particles should be done, especially in relation with the small and spherical particles present in PM10, which are expected to be more problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hernández-Pellón
- Dpto. de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Fernández-Olmo
- Dpto. de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV, EA4492), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Lucie Courcot
- Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG, CNRS UMR8187), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Wimereux, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV, EA4492), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France
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Filippini T, Michalke B, Grill P, Malagoli C, Malavolti M, Vescovi L, Sieri S, Krogh V, Cherubini A, Maffeis G, Lucchini R, Ferrante M, Vinceti M. Determinants of serum manganese levels in an Italian population. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3340-3349. [PMID: 28339021 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is both essential and toxic for humans, mainly depending on the total levels and its species. Main sources of exposure include food and air pollution, particularly motorized traffic. We sought to determine the potential influence of these sources on serum total levels of Mn and Mn species. We selected a random sample of municipality residents from an Italian urban municipality, from whom we collected detailed personal information, dietary habits and a blood sample for serum Mn determination. We also assessed outdoor air Mn exposure, by modeling levels of particulate matter ≤10 µm (PM10) from motorized traffic at the residence of geocoded subjects. Serum Mn species generally showed higher levels in males and positive correlation with age, while no such differences were found according to smoking habits or use of dietary supplements. Among nutrients, only iron intake showed a relation with Mn [an inverse correlation with Mn‑ferritin (Mn‑Fer) and a direct one with inorganic‑Mn (Inorg‑Mn)]. Meat consumption directly correlated and fish and seafood inversely correlated with total Mn, Mn‑transferrin (Mn‑Tf) and Mn-citrate (Mn-Cit). Fruits and vegetables, including legumes and nuts, generally showed a positive correlation with all Mn species, especially Mn‑Cit, and an inverse one with Inorg‑Mn. Odds ratios (ORs) of having serum Mn levels above median value increased with increasing PM10 tertiles, with an OR for highest‑to‑lowest tertile of 7.40 (1.36‑40.25) in multivariate analysis. Analyses for Mn species did not highlight a clear comparable pattern. In conclusion, our results seem to demonstrate that PM10 exposure positively influences total Mn serum levels, while single Mn species show conflicting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, D‑85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter Grill
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, D‑85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luciano Vescovi
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, IREN, I-42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori I‑20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori I‑20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Lucchini
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, I‑25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, I‑95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I‑41125 Modena, Italy
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Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal that plays a fundamental role for brain development and functioning. Environmental exposure to Mn may lead to accumulation in the basal ganglia and development of Parkinson-like disorders. The most recent research is focusing on early-life overexposure to Mn and the potential vulnerability of younger individuals to Mn toxicity also in regard to cognitive and executive functions through the involvement of the frontal cortex.Neurodevelopmental disturbances are increasing in the society, and understanding the potential role of environmental determinants is a key for prevention. Therefore, assessing the environmental sources of Mn exposure and the mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity and defining appropriate biomarkers of exposure and early functional alterations represent key issues to improve and address preventive strategies. These themes will be reviewed in this chapter.
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Balabanova B, Stafilov T, Šajn R, Tănăselia C. Long-term Geochemical Evolution of Lithogenic Versus Anthropogenic Distribution of Macro and Trace Elements in Household Attic Dust. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 72:88-107. [PMID: 27900424 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-016-0336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Attic dusts were examined as historical archives of anthropogenic emissions, with the goal of elucidating the enrichment pathways associated with hydrothermal exploitation of Cu, Pb, and Zn minerals in the Bregalnica River basin in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia. Dust samples were collected from 84 settlements. Atomic emission spectrometry and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma were applied as analytical techniques for the determination of 69 element contents. Multivariate analysis was applied for the extraction of dominant geochemical markers. The lithogenic distribution was simplified to six dominant geochemical markers: F1: Ga-Nb-Ta-Y-(La-Gd)-(Eu-Lu); F2: Be-Cr-Li-Mg-Ni; F3: Ag-Bi-Cd-Cu-In-Mn-Pb-Sb-Te-W-Zn; F4: Ba-Cs-Hf-Pd-Rb-Sr-Tl-Zr; F5: As-Co-Ge-V; and F6: К-Na-Sc-Ti. The anthropogenic effects on the air pollution were marked by a dominance of F3 and secondary dominance of F5. The fifth factor also was determined as a lithogenic marker for the occurrence of the very old Rifeous shales. The first factor also presents a very unique association that despite the heterogeneity relays on natural phenomena of tracking the deposition in areas of Proterosoic gneisses; related to the distribution of fine particles was associated with carbonate-silicate volcanic rocks. Intensive poly-metallic dust depositions were recorded only in the surroundings of localities where the hydrothermal extractions are implemented. Long-term deposition can be considered as pollution indexes for these hot spots. This mainly affects the Cd, Pb, and Zn deposition that is as high as 25, 3900, and 3200 mg/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Balabanova
- Faculty of Agriculture, University "Goce Delčev", Krste Misirkov bb, Štip, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Trajče Stafilov
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, POB 162, 1000, Skopje, Macedonia.
| | - Robert Šajn
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva ulica 14, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Claudiu Tănăselia
- INCDO-INOE 2000 Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation (ICIA), Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Rosa MJ, Benedetti C, Peli M, Donna F, Nazzaro M, Fedrighi C, Zoni S, Marcon A, Zimmerman N, Wright R, Lucchini R. Association between personal exposure to ambient metals and respiratory disease in Italian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16:6. [PMID: 26754125 PMCID: PMC4709999 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0173-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Release of ambient metals during ferroalloy production may be an important source of environmental exposure for nearby communities and exposure to these metals has been linked to adverse respiratory outcomes. We sought to characterize the association between personal air levels of metals and respiratory health in Italian adolescents living in communities with historic and current ferroalloy activity. Methods As part of a study in the industrial province of Brescia, Italy, 410 adolescents aged 11–14 years were recruited. Participants were enrolled from three different communities with varying manganese (Mn) levels: Bagnolo Mella which has current ferroalloy activity, Valcamonica, which has historic ferroalloy activity and Garda Lake which has no history of ferroalloy activity. Particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM10) was collected for 24 h in filters using personal sampling. Mn, nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) were measured in filters using x-ray fluorescence. Data on respiratory health was collected through questionnaire. Data for 280 adolescents were analyzed using a modified Poisson regression, and risk ratios were calculated for an interquartile (IQR) range increase in each pollutant. Results In adjusted models including PM10 as a co-pollutant, we found significant associations between concentrations of Mn (RR: 1.09, 95 % CI [1.00, 1.18] per 42 ng/m3 increase), Ni (RR: 1.11, 95 % CI [1.03, 1.21] per 4 ng/m3 increase) and Cr (RR: 1.08, 95 % CI [1.06, 1.11] per 9 ng/m3 increase) and parental report of asthma. We also found significant associations between increased Mn and Ni and increased risk of asthma medication use in the past 12 months (RR: 1.13, 95 % CI [1.04, 1.29] and (RR: 1.13, 95 % CI [1.01, 1.27] respectively). Conclusions Our findings suggest that exposure to ambient Mn, Ni and Cr may be associated with adverse respiratory outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-016-0173-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Rosa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Chiara Benedetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marco Peli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. .,Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics of the University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Filippo Donna
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marco Nazzaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Fedrighi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Marcon
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology & Medical Statistics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Neil Zimmerman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Rosalind Wright
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Icahn School of Medicine at 'Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Roberto Lucchini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Wahlberg K, Kippler M, Alhamdow A, Rahman SM, Smith DR, Vahter M, Lucchini RG, Broberg K. Common Polymorphisms in the Solute Carrier SLC30A10 are Associated With Blood Manganese and Neurological Function. Toxicol Sci 2015; 149:473-83. [PMID: 26628504 PMCID: PMC4725612 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient in humans, but excessive exposure to Mn may cause neurotoxicity. Despite homeostatic regulation, Mn concentrations in blood vary considerably among individuals. We evaluated if common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC30A10, which likely encodes an Mn transporter, influence blood Mn concentrations and neurological function. We measured blood Mn concentrations by ICP-MS or atomic absorption spectroscopy and genotyped 2 SLC30A10 non-coding SNPs (rs2275707 and rs12064812) by TaqMan PCR in cohorts from Bangladesh (N = 406), the Argentinean Andes (N = 198), and Italy (N = 238). We also measured SLC30A10 expression in whole blood by TaqMan PCR in a sub-group (N = 101) from the Andean cohort, and neurological parameters (sway velocity and finger-tapping speed) in the Italian cohort. The rs2275707 variant allele was associated with increased Mn concentrations in the Andes (8%, P = .027) and Italy (10.6%, P = .012), but not as clear in Bangladesh (3.4%, P = .21; linear regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, and plasma ferritin). This allele was also associated with increased sway velocity (15%, P = .033; adjusted for age and sex) and reduced SLC30A10 expression (−24.6%, P = .029). In contrast, the rs12064812 variant homozygous genotype was associated with reduced Mn concentrations, particularly in the Italian cohort (−18.4%, P = .04), and increased finger-tapping speed (8.7%, P = .025). We show that common SNPs in SLC30A10 are associated with blood Mn concentrations in 3 unrelated cohorts and that their influence may be mediated by altered SLC30A10 expression. Moreover, the SNPs appeared to influence neurological functions independent of blood Mn concentrations, suggesting that SLC30A10 could regulate brain Mn levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wahlberg
- *Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ayman Alhamdow
- *Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Donald R Smith
- Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Marie Vahter
- *Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York 10029-5674; and Occupational Health Institute, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia BS, Italy
| | - Karin Broberg
- *Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden;
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Fernández-Olmo I, Puente M, Irabien A. A comparative study between the fluxes of trace elements in bulk atmospheric deposition at industrial, urban, traffic, and rural sites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:13427-13441. [PMID: 25940474 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The input of trace elements via atmospheric deposition towards industrial, urban, traffic, and rural areas is quite different and depends on the intensity of the anthropogenic activity. A comparative study between the element deposition fluxes in four sampling sites (industrial, urban, traffic, and rural) of the Cantabria region (northern Spain) has been performed. Sampling was carried out monthly using a bulk (funnel bottle) sampler. The trace elements, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, Zn, and V, were determined in the water soluble and insoluble fractions of bulk deposition samples. The element deposition fluxes at the rural, urban, and traffic sites followed a similar order (Zn > Mn> > Cu ≈ Ti > Pb > V ≈ Cr > Ni> > As ≈ Mo > Cd). The most enriched elements were Cd, Zn, and Cu, while V, Ni, and Cr were less enriched. An extremely high deposition of Mn was found at the industrial site, leading to high enrichment factor values, resulting from the presence of a ferro-manganese/silico-manganese production plant in the vicinity of the sampling site. Important differences were found in the element solubilities in the studied sites; the element solubilities were higher at the traffic and rural sites, and lower at the urban and industrial sites. For all sites, Zn and Cd were the most soluble elements, whereas Cr and Ti were less soluble. The inter-site correlation coefficients for each element were calculated to assess the differences between the sites. The rural and traffic sites showed some similarities in the sources of trace elements; however, the sources of these elements at the industrial and rural sites were quite different. Additionally, the element fluxes measured in the insoluble fraction of the bulk atmospheric deposition exhibited a good correlation with the daily traffic volume at the traffic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fernández-Olmo
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Cantabria, Spain,
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Neurofunctional dopaminergic impairment in elderly after lifetime exposure to manganese. Neurotoxicology 2014; 45:309-17. [PMID: 24881811 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that can become neurotoxic through various exposure windows over the lifespan. While there is clear evidence of Mn neurotoxicity in pediatric and adult occupational populations, little is known about effects in the elderly who may exhibit enhanced susceptibilities due to compromised physiology compared to younger adults. In the province of Brescia, Italy, the Valcamonica area has been the site of three ferroalloy plants operating from 1902 to 2001. Metal emissions of Mn and to a lesser extent lead (Pb) have impacted the surrounding environment, where a high prevalence of Parkinsonism was previously observed. This study aimed to assess neurocognitive and motor functions in healthy elderly subjects residing for most of their lifetime in Valcamonica or in a reference area unimpacted by ferroalloy plant activity. METHODS Subjects were enrolled for extensive neurobehavioral assessment of motor, cognitive and sensory functions. Exposure was assessed with 24h personal air sampling for PM10 airborne particles, surface soil and tap water measurement at individual households, Mn levels in blood and urine and Pb in blood. Dose-response relationships between exposure indicators and biomarkers and health outcomes were analyzed with generalized (linear and logistic) additive models (GAM). RESULTS A total of 255 subjects (55% women) were examined; most (52.9%) were within the 65-70 years age class. Average airborne Mn was 26.41 ng/m(3) (median 18.42) in Valcamonica and 20.96 ng/m(3) (median 17.62) in the reference area. Average Mn in surface soil was 1026 ppm (median 923) in Valcamonica and 421 ppm (median 410) in the reference area. Manganese in drinking water was below the LDL of 1 μg/L. The GAM analysis showed significant association between airborne Mn (p=0.0237) and the motor coordination tests of the Luria Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery. The calculation of the Benchmark Dose using this dose-response relationship yielded a lower level confidence interval of 22.7 ng/m(3) (median 26.4). For the odor identification score of the Sniffin Stick test, an association was observed with soil Mn (p=0.0006) and with a significant interaction with blood Pb (p=0.0856). Significant dose-responses resulted also for the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices with the distance from exposure point source (p=0.0025) and Mn in soil (p=0.09), and for the Trail Making test, with urinary Mn (p=0.0074). Serum prolactin (PRL) levels were associated with air (p=0.061) and urinary (p=0.003) Mn, and with blood Pb (p=0.0303). In most of these associations age played a significant role as an effect modifier. CONCLUSION Lifelong exposure to Mn was significantly associated with changes in odor discrimination, motor coordination, cognitive abilities and serum PRL levels. These effects are consistent with the hypothesis of a specific mechanism of toxicity of Mn on the dopaminergic system. Lead co-exposure, even at very low levels, can further enhance Mn toxicity.
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