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Tsota M, Giardoglou P, Mentsiou-Nikolaou E, Symianakis P, Kalafati IP, Kyriazopoulou-Korovesi AA, Angelidakis L, Papaioannou M, Konstantaki C, Stamatelopoulos K, Dedoussis GV. Investigation of Antihypertensive Properties of Chios Mastic via Monitoring microRNA-21 Expression Levels in the Plasma of Well-Controlled Hypertensive Patients. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:33. [PMID: 38921830 PMCID: PMC11207086 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic, multifactorial disease, leading to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the advantages of pharmaceutical treatments, natural products have gained scientific interest due to their emerging phytotherapeutic properties. Chios mastic is a natural Greek product, consisting of bioactive compounds which modify microRNAs' (small, expression-regulating molecules) expression. In this study, we investigated the antihypertensive properties of Chios mastic through the assessment of miR-21 levels. Herein, plasma samples of 57 individuals with hypertension, recruited for the purposes of the HYPER-MASTIC study, were analyzed. This was a clinical trial with Chios mastic supplements in which the patients were divided into groups receiving high and low mastic doses and placebo supplements, respectively. miR-21 was significantly upregulated in patients compared to normotensive individuals. Mean changes in miR-21 levels were statistically significant, after adjusting for sex and age, between the placebo and low-dose group and between the low- and high-dose group. Post-intervention miR-21 levels were positively associated with night-time systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and central systolic mean arterial pressure and negatively associated with night-time pulse wave velocity in the low-dose group. Our findings suggest a potential implication of miR-21 in the association of Chios mastic with night-time blood pressure measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsota
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Panagiota Giardoglou
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Evangelia Mentsiou-Nikolaou
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Panagiotis Symianakis
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | | | - Lasthenis Angelidakis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - Maria Papaioannou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - Christina Konstantaki
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - HYPER-MASTIC Consortium
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
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Marketou M, Kontaraki J, Zacharis E, Maragkoudakis S, Fragkiadakis K, Kampanieris E, Plevritaki A, Savva E, Malikides O, Chlouverakis G, Kochiadakis G. Peripheral Blood MicroRNA-21 as a Predictive Biomarker for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Old Hypertensives. Am J Hypertens 2024; 37:298-305. [PMID: 37976292 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major health issue with high morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology and the factors that cause HFpEF have not been fully clarified, while accurate predictive biomarkers are lacking. Our aim was to determine whether levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in peripheral blood monocytes, which play a critical role in many pathophysiological pathways of hypertensive heart disease, can predict the occurrence of HFpEF in older hypertensives, as well as the associated mortality and morbidity. METHODS We enrolled 151 elderly patients >60 years old with essential hypertension but without HF at baseline. miRs expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells had been quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 56 patients (37%) had an event. Levels of miR-21 in peripheral mononuclear blood cells proved to be significantly associated with the occurrence of HFpEF. More specifically, the median HFpEF-free period was 110 months for those with miR-21 >2.1 and 114 months for those with miR-21 <2.1. In addition, multivariate analysis showed that miR-21 (hazard ratio 11.14), followed by hemoglobin (Hg) (hazard ratio 0.56 for Hg >13.6 g/dl, a 45% risk reduction), were independent and the most significant predictors of HFpEF events. CONCLUSIONS miR-21 levels in peripheral blood monocytes are associated with the development of future HFpEF. Our findings may alter the risk models of HFpEF and support the rationale for further research into the modulation of miRs as biomarkers and treatment targets for HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marketou
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
- Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Joanna Kontaraki
- Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelos Zacharis
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Eirini Savva
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Gregory Chlouverakis
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - George Kochiadakis
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
- Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
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3
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Zhang X, Sun S, Ren G, Liu W, Chen H. Advances in Intercellular Communication Mediated by Exosomal ncRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16197. [PMID: 38003385 PMCID: PMC10671547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of worldwide mortality, and exosomes have recently gained attention as key mediators of intercellular communication in these diseases. Exosomes are double-layered lipid vesicles that can carry biomolecules such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, and the content of exosomes is dependent on the cell they originated from. They can be involved in the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases and hold potential as diagnostic and monitoring tools. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication, stimulate or inhibit the activity of target cells, and affect myocardial hypertrophy, injury and infarction, ventricular remodeling, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis. Exosomes can be released from various types of cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, adipocytes, immune cells, and stem cells. In this review, we highlight the communication between different cell-derived exosomes and cardiovascular cells, with a focus on the roles of RNAs. This provides new insights for further exploring targeted therapies in the clinical management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Shengjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Gang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Wujun Liu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
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4
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Babadag S, Çelebi-Saltik B. A cellular regulator of the niche: telocyte. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2131955. [PMID: 36218299 PMCID: PMC10606812 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2131955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cells are present in the environment of stem cells in order to increase stem cell proliferation and differentiation and they are important to increase the efficiency of their transplantation. Telocytes (TCs) play an important role both in the preservation of tissue organ integrity and in the pathophysiology of many diseases, especially cancer. They make homo- or heterocellular contacts to form the structure of 3D network through their telopodes and deliver signaling molecules via a juxtacrine and/or paracrine association by budding shed vesicles into the vascular, nervous and endocrine systems. During this interaction, along with organelles, mRNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and genomic DNA are transferred. This review article not only specifies the properties of TCs and their roles in the tissue organ microenvironment but also gives information about the factors that play a role in the transport of epigenetic information by TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Babadag
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
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Mengozzi A, Costantino S, Mongelli A, Mohammed SA, Gorica E, Delfine V, Masi S, Virdis A, Ruschitzka F, Paneni F. Epigenetic Signatures in Arterial Hypertension: Focus on the Microvasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054854. [PMID: 36902291 PMCID: PMC10003673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension (AH) is a multifaceted disease characterized by accelerated vascular aging and high cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. Despite extensive work in the field, the pathogenesis of AH is still incompletely understood, and its treatment remains challenging. Recent evidence has shown a deep involvement of epigenetic signals in the regulation of transcriptional programs underpinning maladaptive vascular remodeling, sympathetic activation and cardiometabolic alterations, all factors predisposing to AH. After occurring, these epigenetic changes have a long-lasting effect on gene dysregulation and do not seem to be reversible upon intensive treatment or the control of cardiovascular risk factors. Among the factors involved in arterial hypertension, microvascular dysfunction plays a central role. This review will focus on the emerging role of epigenetic changes in hypertensive-related microvascular disease, including the different cell types and tissues (endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and perivascular adipose tissue) as well as the involvement of mechanical/hemodynamic factors, namely, shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mengozzi
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Mongelli
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq A. Mohammed
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Era Gorica
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Delfine
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology (CTEC), Zurich University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: or francesco.paneni@uzh; Tel.: +41-44-6355096
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6
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DÜZGÜN Z, KAYIKÇIOĞLU M, AKTAN Ç, BARA B, EROĞLU Z, YAĞMUR B, BOZOK ÇETİNTAŞ V, BAYINDIR M, NALBANTGİL S, ı TETİK VARDARLI A. Decreased circulating microRNA-21 and microRNA-143 are associated to pulmonary hypertension. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:130-141. [PMID: 36945942 PMCID: PMC10388131 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by maladaptation of pulmonary vasculature which is leading to right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. miRNAs play a crucial role in the regulation of many diseases such as viral infection, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression pattern of eight human plasma miRNAs (hsa-miR-21-3p, hsa-miR-143- 3p, hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-190a, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsamiR-206, hsa-miR-210-3p) in mild-to-severe PH patients and healthy controls. METHODS : miRNAs were extracted from the peripheral plasma of the PH patients (n: 44) and healthy individuals (n: 30) by using the miRNA Isolation Kit. cDNA was synthesized using All in-One First strand cDNA Synthesis Kit. Expression of the human plasma hsa-miR- 21-3p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-190a, hsa-miR-204- 3p, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR210-3p, and miRNAs were analyzed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS According to our results, in PH patients hsa-miR-21-3p and hsa-miR-143-3p expression levels were decreased by 4.7 and 2.3 times, respectively. No significant changes were detected in hsa-miR-138-5p, hsa-miR-145-3p, hsa-miR-190a, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsamiR-206, and hsa-miR-210-3p expression levels between PH and control groups. In addition, considering the severity of the disease, it was observed that the decrease in miR-138, miR-143, miR-145, miR-190, mir-204, mir-206 and miR-208 expressions was significant in patients with severe PH. DISCUSSION : In the early diagnosis of PAH, hsa-miR-21-3p and especially hsa-miR-143-3p in peripheral plasma can be considered as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekeriya DÜZGÜN
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun,
Turkey
| | - Meral KAYIKÇIOĞLU
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Çağdaş AKTAN
- Department of Medical Biology, Beykent University School of Medicine, İstanbul,
Turkey
| | - Busra BARA
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Zuhal EROĞLU
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Burcu YAĞMUR
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | | | - Melike BAYINDIR
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - Sanem NALBANTGİL
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
| | - As ı TETİK VARDARLI
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir,
Turkey
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7
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Vallée A. Arterial Stiffness and the Canonical WNT/β-catenin Pathway. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:499-507. [PMID: 35727523 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arterial stiffness (AS) was mainly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a hypertensive patient. Some risk factors contribute to the development of AS, such as aging, high blood pressure, vascular calcification, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. The WNT/β-catenin pathway is implicated in numerous signaling and regulating pathways, including embryogenesis, cell proliferation, migration and polarity, apoptosis, and organogenesis. The activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway is associated with the development of these risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is measured to determine AS, and in peripheral artery disease patients, PWV is higher than controls. An augmentation in PWV by 1 m/s has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular events by 14%. AS measured by PWV is characterized by the deregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway by the inactivation of its two inhibitors, i.e., DKK1 and sclerostin. Thus, this review focuses on the role of the WNT/β-catenin pathway which contributes to the development of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology - Data - Biostatistics, Delegation of Clinical Research and Innovation, Foch Hospital, 92150, Suresnes, France.
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8
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Samsami M. The key roles of non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175220. [PMID: 35995213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial condition in which several genetic and environmental elements contribute. Recent investigations have revealed contribution of non-coding region of the transcriptome in this trait. CDKN2B-AS1, AK098656, MEG3, H19, PAXIP1-AS1, TUG1, GAS5, CASC2 and CPS1-IT are among long non-coding RNAs participating in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Several miRNAs have also been found to be implicated in this disorder. miR-296, miR-637, miR-296, miR-637, hsa-miR-361-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-223-5p and miR-140-5p are among dysregulated miRNAs in this condition whose application as diagnostic biomarkers for hypertension has been evaluated. Finally, hsa-circ-0005870, hsa_circ_0037911 and hsa_circ_0014243 are examples of dysregulated circular RNAs in hypertensive patients. In the current review, we describe the role of these non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Barutta F, Bellini S, Guarrera S, Matullo G, Schalkwijk C, Stehouwer CD, Chaturvedi N, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Durazzo M, Gruden G. Association of serum MicroRNA-145-5p levels with microvascular complications of type 1 Diabetes: The EURODIAB prospective complications study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 190:109987. [PMID: 35820565 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether serum miR-145-5p levels were associated with micro-macrovascular chronic complications in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). METHODS A nested case-control study from the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study was performed. Cases (n = 289) had one or more complications of diabetes, whereas controls (n = 153) did not have any complication. We measured miR-145-5p levels by qPCR and investigated the association with diabetes complications. RESULTS Mean miR-145-5p levels were significantly lower in cases with microangiopathy [2.12 (0.86-4.94)] compared to controls [3.15 (1.21-7.36), P < 0.05] even after adjustment for age, gender, and diabetes duration. In logistic regression analysis, miR-145-5p levels in the lowest tertile were associated with an over three-fold increased odds ratio (OR) of albuminuria [3.22 (1.17-8.81)], independently of both demographic and diabetes-related factors. In addition, mir145-5p levels in the lowest tertile were independently and inversely associated with arterial hypertension [1.96 (1.08-3.56)] and hypertension was the mediator of the relationship between miR-145-5p and albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of DM1 patients, we found an inverse association between miR-145-5p and albuminuria that was mediated by systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simonetta Guarrera
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, IIGM, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Casper Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, the Netherlands; Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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10
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Rozhkov AN, Shchekochikhin DY, Ashikhmin YI, Mitina YO, Evgrafova VV, Zhelankin AV, Gognieva DG, Akselrod AS, Kopylov PY. The Profile of Circulating Blood microRNAs in Outpatients with Vulnerable and Stable Atherosclerotic Plaques: Associations with Cardiovascular Risks. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040047. [PMID: 35893230 PMCID: PMC9326687 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs reflect many biological processes in the human body, including athero-sclerosis. In a cardiology outpatient department cohort (N = 83), we aimed to compare the levels of circulating microRNAs in groups with vulnerable plaques (N = 22), stable plaques (N = 23) and plaque-free (N = 17) depending on coronary computed tomography angiography and to evaluate associations of microRNA levels with calculated cardiovascular risks (CVR), based on the SCORE2 (+OP), ACC/AHA, ATP-III and MESA scales. Coronary computed tomography was performed on a 640-slice computed tomography scanner. Relative plasma levels of microRNA were assessed via a real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found significant differences in miR-143-3p levels (p = 0.0046 in plaque-free vs. vulnerable plaque groups) and miR-181b-5p (p = 0.0179 in stable vs. vulnerable plaques groups). Analysis of microRNA associations with CVR did not show significant differences for SCORE2 (+OP) and ATPIII scales. MiR-126-5p and miR-150-5p levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with ACC/AHA risk >10% and miR-145-5p had linear relationships with ACC/AHA score (adjusted p = 0.0164). The relative plasma level of miR-195 was higher (p < 0.05) in patients with MESA risk > 7.5% and higher (p < 0.05) in patients with zero coronary calcium index (p = 0.036). A linear relationship with coronary calcium was observed for miR-126-3p (adjusted p = 0.0484). A positive correlation with high coronary calcium levels (> 100 Agatson units) was found for miR-181-5p (p = 0.036). Analyzing the biological pathways of these microRNAs, we suggest that miR-143-3p and miR-181-5p can be potential markers of the atherosclerosis process. Other miRNAs (miR-126-3p, 126-5p, 145-5p, 150-5p, 195-5p) can be considered as potential cardiovascular risk modifiers, but it is necessary to validate our results in a large prospective trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Rozhkov
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-915-085-32-95
| | - Dmitry Yu. Shchekochikhin
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Yaroslav I. Ashikhmin
- International Medical Cluster, 40 Bolshoy Boulevard Skolkovo Innovation Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yulia O. Mitina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Veronika V. Evgrafova
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Andrey V. Zhelankin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Daria G. Gognieva
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Anna S. Akselrod
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Philippe Yu. Kopylov
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.G.G.); (P.Y.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.Y.S.); (V.V.E.); (A.S.A.)
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11
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Suzuki K, Yamada H, Fujii R, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Ohashi K, Ishikawa H, Mizuno G, Tsuboi Y, Hashimoto S, Hamajima N. Circulating microRNA-27a and -133a are negatively associated with incident hypertension: A five-year longitudinal population-based study. Biomarkers 2022; 27:496-502. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2070281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohiski Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Goody PR, Nachtsheim L, Hosen MR, von Krosigk M, Christmann D, Klussmann JP, Zietzer A, Breitrück N, Jansen F, Jansen S. Analysis of nocturnal, hypoxia-induced miRNAs in sleep apnea patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263747. [PMID: 35245292 PMCID: PMC8896679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNAs circulating in the blood that can be released into the bloodstream during hypoxia. In the present study, we investigate if OSAS-induced hypoxia results in a release of miRNAs that may mediate OSAS-associated cardiovascular damage. METHODS Blood was sampled from 23 OSAS patients before and after a polygraphically monitored night. Total circulating RNA was isolated from the plasma and quantified using real-time qPCR. Using a Taqman miRNA array, the levels of 384 different miRNAs were compared between evening and morning after polysomnography. The most highly upregulated miRNA (miRNA-505) and four additionally upregulated miRNAs (miRNA-127, miRNA-133a, miRNA-145, and miRNA-181a) were then quantified in a bigger patient cohort individually. RESULTS Apnea/Hypopnea-Index (AHI) was evaluated and averaged at 26 per hour on nocturnal polygraphy. In an initial miRNA array, a total of 4 miRNAs were significantly regulated. A significant increase of miRNA-145 was observed in the larger patient cohort. No significant changes in concentration were detected for miRNA-127, miRNA-133a, miRNA-181a, and miRNA-505 in this larger cohort. CONCLUSION OSAS results in the nocturnal release of miRNAs into the bloodstream. Our collected data may indicate a hypoxia-induced release of miRNAs into the bloodstream of OSAS-patients. In vitro experiments are needed to confirm the secretion of these miRNAs under hypoxia and evaluate the effect on the cardio vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Roger Goody
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Lisa Nachtsheim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Miriam von Krosigk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dominik Christmann
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Zietzer
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Breitrück
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Jansen
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Jansen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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13
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Krofta L. Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNA Dysregulation during the First Trimester of Gestation in Women with Chronic Hypertension and Normotensive Women Subsequently Developing Gestational Hypertension or Preeclampsia with or without Fetal Growth Restriction. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020256. [PMID: 35203467 PMCID: PMC8869238 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess if cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs would be able to predict during the early stages of gestation (within 10 to 13 weeks) subsequent onset of hypertensive pregnancy-related complications: gestational hypertension (GH) or preeclampsia (PE). Secondly, the goal of the study was to assess if cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs would be able to detect the presence of chronic hypertension in early pregnancies. The retrospective study was performed on whole peripheral blood samples collected from singleton Caucasian pregnancies within the period November 2012 to March 2020. The case control study, nested in a cohort, involved all women with chronic hypertension (n = 29), all normotensive women that later developed GH (n = 83) or PE with or without fetal growth restriction (FGR) (n = 66), and 80 controls selected on the base of equal sample storage time. Whole peripheral blood profiling was performed with the selection of 29 cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of miR-1-3p (51.72% at 10.0% FPR) was observed in patients with chronic hypertension only. Upregulation of miR-20a-5p (44.83% and 33.33% at 10.0% FPR) and miR-146a-5p (65.52% and 42.42% at 10.0% FPR) was observed in patients with chronic hypertension and normotensive women with later occurrence of PE. Upregulation of miR-181a-5p was detected in normotensive women subsequently developing GH (22.89% at 10.0% FPR) or PE (40.91% at 10.0% FPR). In a part of women with subsequent onset of PE, upregulation of miR-143-3p (24.24% at 10.0% FPR), miR-145-5p (21.21% at 10.0% FPR), and miR-574-3p (27.27% at 10.0% FPR) was also present. The combination of microRNA biomarkers (miR-20a-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-574-3p) can predict the later occurrence of PE in 48.48% of pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The combination of upregulated microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-146a-5p) is able to identify 72.41% of pregnancies with chronic hypertension at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising biomarkers with very good diagnostical potential to be implemented into the current first trimester screening program to predict later occurrence of PE with or without FGR. The comparison of the predictive results of the routine first trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation and the first trimester screening for PE wo/w FGR using a panel of six cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs only revealed that the detection rate of PE increased 1.45-fold (48.48% vs. 33.33%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296511336
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Yazdanpanah Z, Kazemipour N, Kalantar SM, Vahidi Mehrjardi MY. Plasma miR-21 as a potential predictor in prediabetic individuals with a positive family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15163. [PMID: 35076188 PMCID: PMC8787720 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heritable metabolic perturbation, rapidly growing across the world. Primary recognition of susceptible individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FHD) in the prediabetes stage could delay the onset of T2DM or reduce complications induced by diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the expression levels of miR-21, miR-126 as noninvasive predictive biomarkers in individuals with genetic predisposition and investigate the correlation of miRNAs and cardiometabolic risk factors. Our study demonstrated that miR-21 expression has a notable elevate in both groups of T2DM and pre-T2DM. miR-21 expression was distinguished in the pre-T2DM and T2DM from the nondiabetic individuals by ROC curve analysis with AUC of 0.77 (95% CI 0.65-0.90; p = 0.0004) and AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.64-0.92; p = 0.0042), respectively. The relative gene expression of miR-126 was nearly equal among groups. miR-21 expression was positively associated with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and triglyceride (TG) and might have diagnostic value for T2DM and pre-T2DM. This study has revealed that the expression level of miR-21 can be considered as a non-invasive and rapid tool for distinguishing pre-T2DM and T2DM counterparts from healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakieh Yazdanpanah
- Biochemistry DivisionDepartment of Basic ScienceSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Nasrin Kazemipour
- Biochemistry DivisionDepartment of Basic ScienceSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Department of Medical GeneticMedical SchoolShahid Sadoughi University of Medical ScienceYazdIran
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15
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Ali F, Shen A, Islam W, Saleem MZ, Muthu R, Xie Q, Wu M, Cheng Y, Chu J, Lin W, Peng J. Role of MicroRNAs and their corresponding ACE2/Apelin signaling pathways in hypertension. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105361. [PMID: 34919993 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is controlled via the alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs), their therapeutic targets angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) and cross talk of signaling pathways. The stimulation of the Ang II/AT1R pathway by deregulation of miRNAs, has also been linked to cardiac remodeling as well as the pathophysiology of high blood pressure. As miRNAs have been associated to ACE2/Apelin and Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling, it has revealed an utmost protective impact over hypertension and cardiovascular system. The ACE2-coupled intermodulation between RAAS, Apelin system, MAPK signaling pathways, and miRNAs reveal the practicalities of high blood pressure. The research of miRNAs may ultimately lead to the expansion of an innovative treatment strategy for hypertension, which indicates the need to explore them further at the molecular level. Therefore, here we have focused on the mechanistic importance of miRNAs in hypertension, ACE2/Apelin signaling as well as their biological functions, with a focus on interplay and crosstalk between ACE2/Apelin signaling, miRNAs, and hypertension, and the progress in miRNA-based diagnostic techniques with the goal of facilitating the development of new hypertension-controlling therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ali
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Ragunath Muthu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Xie
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jiangfeng Chu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
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16
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Improta-Caria AC, Aras MG, Nascimento L, De Sousa RAL, Aras-Júnior R, Souza BSDF. MicroRNAs Regulating Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Sympathetic Nervous System and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Systemic Arterial Hypertension. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121771. [PMID: 34944415 PMCID: PMC8698399 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene and protein expression. MicroRNAs also regulate several cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, apoptosis, among others. In this context, they play important roles in the human body and in the pathogenesis of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. In hypertension, microRNAs act on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system and left ventricular hypertrophy, however the signaling pathways that interact in these processes and are regulated by microRNAs inducing hypertension and the worsening of the disease still need to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the pattern of expression of microRNAs in these processes and the possible associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil;
- Department of Physical Education in Cardiology of the State of Bahia, Brazilian Society of Cardiology, Salvador 41170-130, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.I.-C.); (B.S.d.F.S.)
| | - Marcela Gordilho Aras
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Luca Nascimento
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | | | - Roque Aras-Júnior
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil;
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador 22281-100, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.I.-C.); (B.S.d.F.S.)
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17
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Gharipour M, Mani A, Amini Baghbahadorani M, de Souza Cardoso CK, Jahanfar S, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9949. [PMID: 34576113 PMCID: PMC8470616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular function. In this regard, several CVD risk factors, such as lifestyle and environmental factors, have emerged as key factors in epigenetic modifications within the cardiovascular system. In this study, we attempted to summarized recent evidence related to epigenetic modification, inflammation response, and CVD in older adults as well as the effect of lifestyle modification as a preventive strategy in this age group. Recent evidence showed that lifestyle and environmental factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNA expression. Several substances or nutrients such as selenium, magnesium, curcumin, and caffeine (present in coffee and some teas) could regulate epigenetics. Similarly, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, air pollutants, psychological stress, and shift working are well-known modifiers of epigenetic patterns. Understanding the exact ways that lifestyle and environmental factors could affect the expression of genes could help to influence the time of incidence and severity of aging-associated diseases. This review highlighted that a healthy lifestyle throughout the life course, such as a healthy diet rich in fibers, vitamins, and essential elements, and specific fatty acids, adequate physical activity and sleep, smoking cessation, and stress control, could be useful tools in preventing epigenetic changes that lead to impaired cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Arya Mani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Mona Amini Baghbahadorani
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso
- School of Social Sciences and Health, Nutrition Course, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-010, Brazil;
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MI 02111, USA;
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
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18
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Golonka RM, Cooper JK, Issa R, Devarasetty PP, Gokula V, Busken J, Zubcevic J, Hill J, Vijay-Kumar M, Menon B, Joe B. Impact of Nutritional Epigenetics in Essential Hypertension: Targeting microRNAs in the Gut-Liver Axis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:28. [PMID: 33961141 PMCID: PMC8105193 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current knowledge on interactions between dietary factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) in essential hypertension (EH) pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS There exists an integration of maintenance signals generated by genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental (e.g., dietary) factors that work to sustain balance in the gut-liver axis. It is well established that an imbalance in this complex, intertwined system substantially increases the risk for EH. As such, pertinent research has been taken to decipher how each signal operates in isolation and together in EH progression. Recent literature indicates that both macro- and micronutrients interrupt regulatory miRNA expressions and thus, alter multiple cellular processes that contribute to EH and its comorbidities. We highlight how carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, salt, and potassium modify miRNA signatures during EH. The disruption in miRNA expression can negatively impact communication systems such as over activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype, and promoting angiogenesis to favor EH. We also delineate the prognostic value of miRNAs in EH and discuss the pros and cons of surgical vs dietary prophylactic approaches in EH prevention. We propose that dietary-dependent perturbation of the miRNA profile is one mechanism within the gut-liver axis that dictates EH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Golonka
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | | | - Rochell Issa
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Veda Gokula
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Busken
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jennifer Hill
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Bindu Menon
- Department of Medical Education, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Room 3105B, CCE Bldg, 2920 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Bina Joe
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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19
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The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094762. [PMID: 33946230 PMCID: PMC8124994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
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20
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Matshazi DM, Weale CJ, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Davids SFG, Raghubeer S, Hector S, Davison GM, Matsha TE. MicroRNA Profiles in Normotensive and Hypertensive South African Individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:645541. [PMID: 33937359 PMCID: PMC8085261 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.645541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has a complex pathogenesis and symptoms appear in advanced disease. Dysregulation of gene expression regulatory factors like microRNAs has been reported in disease development. Identifying biomarkers which could help understand the pathogenesis and prognosis of hypertension is essential. The study's objective was to investigate microRNA expression profiles according to participant blood pressure status. Next generation sequencing was used to identify microRNAs in the whole blood of 48 body mass index-, smoking- and age-matched normotensive (n = 12), screen-detected hypertensive (n = 16) and known hypertensive (n = 20) female participants. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the next generation sequencing findings in a larger, independent sample of 84 men and 179 women. Using next generation sequencing, 30 dysregulated microRNAs were identified and miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p were the most significantly differentially expressed. Both microRNAs were upregulated in known hypertensives or screen-detected hypertensives compared to the normotensives. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated possible involvement of platelet activation, calcium signaling and aldosterone synthesis pathways. Further validation of miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed sequencing results while yielding new findings. These findings demonstrate microRNA dysregulation in hypertension and their expression may be related to genes and biological pathways essential for blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don M Matshazi
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecil J Weale
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saarah F G Davids
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shanel Raghubeer
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanton Hector
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenda M Davison
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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Tao Z, Zheng S, He X, Sun J, He C, Zhang L. Hsa_circ_0037897 may be a risk factor for essential hypertension via hsa-miR-145-5p. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:281-286. [PMID: 33307836 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2020.1860081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between hsa_circ_0037897 and essential hypertension (EH) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of biomarker hsa_circ_0037897 in EH. Methods: This study included 92 EH patients and 92 sex- and age- (±3 years) matched subjects as control. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression level of circRNA and miRNA. Logistic regression analysis model was used to assess independent association between hsa_circ_0037897 and EH. Results: The expression level of hsa_circ_0037897 in EH patients was significantly higher (p < .001) compared to the control group, while hsa-miR-145-5p had significantly lower expression(p = .002) than the control group. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of hsa_circ_0037897 was 0.656. Furthermore, the AUC increased to 0.714 when hsa_circ_0037897 was combined with hsa-miR-145-5p, BMI and smoking. Conclusion: The present results suggested that the high expression of hsa_circ_0037897 may be a risk factor for EH, and hsa_circ_0037897 has certain diagnostic value for EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Tao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
| | - Shuying Zheng
- Department of Health Monitoring, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Ningbo, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
| | - Jihan Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medicine School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
| | - Canxia He
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
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22
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Ma J, Cao X, Chen F, Ye Q, Qin R, Cheng Y, Zhu X, Xu Y. Exosomal MicroRNAs Contribute to Cognitive Impairment in Hypertensive Patients by Decreasing Frontal Cerebrovascular Reactivity. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:614220. [PMID: 33732103 PMCID: PMC7957933 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.614220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment (CI) in hypertensive patients remain relatively unclear. The present study aimed to explore the relationship among serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and cognitive function in hypertensive patients. Seventy-three hypertensive patients with CI (HT-CI), 67 hypertensive patients with normal cognition (HT-NC), and 37 healthy controls underwent identification of exosomal miRNA, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and neuropsychological tests. CVR mapping was investigated based on resting-state functional MRI data. Compared with healthy subjects and HT-NC subjects, HT-CI subjects displayed decreased serum exosomal miRNA-330-3p. The group difference of CVR was mainly found in the left frontal lobe and demonstrated that HT-CI group had a lower CVR than both HT-NC group and control group. Furthermore, both the CVR in the left medial superior frontal gyrus and the miRNA-330-3p level were significantly correlated with executive function (r = -0.275, P = 0.021, and r = -0.246, P = 0.04, respectively) in HT-CI subjects, and the CVR was significantly correlated with the miRNA-330-3p level (r = 0.246, P = 0.040). Notably, path analysis showed that the CVR mediated the association between miRNA-330-3p and executive function. In conclusion, decreased miRNA-330-3p might contribute to CI in hypertensive patients by decreasing frontal CVR and could be a biomarker of early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruomeng Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
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23
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Tan PPS, Hall D, Chilian WM, Chia YC, Mohd Zain S, Lim HM, Kumar DN, Ching SM, Low TY, Md Noh MF, Pung YF. Exosomal microRNAs in the development of essential hypertension and its potential as biomarkers. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1486-H1497. [PMID: 33577433 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00888.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory molecules that are involved in posttranscriptional modifications. These noncoding RNAs are usually ferried by extracellular carriers such as exosomes or other protein and lipid carriers inside a range of body fluids including plasma and urine. Due to their ability to withstand harsh external conditions, exosomal miRNAs possess enormous potential as noninvasive disease biomarkers for, notably hypertension, whereby exosomal miRNAs have been implicated in its pathophysiological processes. More importantly, alterations in the microenvironment as a result of disease progression can induce active and selective loading of miRNAs into exosomes. In this paper, we first review the mechanisms of miRNA loading into exosomes, followed by the roles of exosomal miRNAs in the development of hypertension, and the potentials of exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers in comparison with other free circulating miRNAs. Finally, challenges and future research surrounding exosomal miRNAs will also be discussed. This review will aid in the understanding of noninvasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of hypertension and for probing therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Pei Suu Tan
- Division of Biomedical Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Deborah Hall
- University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - William M Chilian
- Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Mohd Zain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Min Lim
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Devaraj Navin Kumar
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mooi Ching
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuh-Fen Pung
- Division of Biomedical Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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24
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Role of Bioinformatics in MicroRNA Analysis. Adv Bioinformatics 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6191-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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25
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Sawant D, Lilly B. MicroRNA-145 targets in cancer and the cardiovascular system: evidence for common signaling pathways. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R115-R128. [PMID: 33283158 PMCID: PMC7709916 DOI: 10.1530/vb-20-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs which govern gene expression post-transcriptionally by primarily binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA target genes. miR-145 is a well-studied miRNA that has been implicated in controlling a range of biological processes. miR-145 is expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types and acts as a tumor-suppressor by regulating target gene signaling pathways involved in different aspects of tumor growth and progression. There is also strong evidence that highlights the important functions of miR-145 in the cardiovascular system. Here, we review the mechanisms of miR-145 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and compare and contrast with the roles of miR-145 in cardiovascular development and disease. We discuss the important targets of miR-145 in cancer and their possible link to the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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26
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Koval SM, Snihurska IO, Yushko KO, Mysnychenko OV, Penkova MY, Lytvynova OM, Berezin AE, Lytvynov VS. Circulating microRNA-133a in Patients With Arterial Hypertension, Hypertensive Heart Disease, and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:104. [PMID: 32733920 PMCID: PMC7358430 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the work was to study the circulating microRNA-133a levels in blood plasma of patients with arterial hypertension (AH), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), and left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (DD). Materials and Methods: A total of 48 patients with grade 2-3 AH and HHD at the age of 52.23 ± 7.26 (23 patients had LV DD [main group] and 25 patients had normal LV diastolic function [comparison group]) and 21 practically healthy individuals of comparable gender and age were examined. Diagnosis of AH and HHD was carried out according to the 2018 ESC/ESH recommendations. LV DD was determined according to the 2016 ASE/EACVI recommendations. Plasma microRNA-133a level was obtained by polymerase chain reaction using the CFX96 Touch System (BioRad), ≪TaqMan microRNA Assay≫ and ≪TaqMan® Universal PCR Master Mix≫ reagent kits (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Results: We have found that in patients from the main and comparison groups plasma microRNA-133a levels were significantly lower than in practically healthy individuals (0.094 [0.067, 0.147]) and (0.182 [0.102, 0.301]) vs. (0.382 [0.198,0.474]), p = 0.002 and p = 0.04, respectively. In all this among patients with AH, HHD, and LV DD, plasma microRNA-133a levels were significantly lower than in patients with AH, HHD, and normal diastolic function (p = 0.03). In the main and comparison groups there was a statistically significant negative relationship between plasma microRNA-133a level and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (R = -0.40, p = 0.003 and R = -0.35, p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusions: The findings suggest the significant role of decreased microRNA-133a levels in blood plasma of patients with AH in the pathogenesis and development of both HHD and LV DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy M Koval
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Prevention of Its Complications, Government Institution "L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, " Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna O Snihurska
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Prevention of Its Complications, Government Institution "L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, " Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Kostiantyn O Yushko
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Prevention of Its Complications, Government Institution "L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, " Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olga V Mysnychenko
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Prevention of Its Complications, Government Institution "L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, " Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Marina Yu Penkova
- Department of Arterial Hypertension and Prevention of Its Complications, Government Institution "L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, " Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olga M Lytvynova
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander E Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, Zaporizhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Vadym S Lytvynov
- Department of Therapy, Rheumatology and Clinical Pharmacology, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education (KhMAPE), Kharkiv, Ukraine
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27
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Peters LJF, Biessen EAL, Hohl M, Weber C, van der Vorst EPC, Santovito D. Small Things Matter: Relevance of MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32733281 PMCID: PMC7358539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of non-coding RNA that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and thereby in many physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs are released in the extracellular space, for example in vesicles, and are detectable in various biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Over the last years, it has been shown that miRNAs are crucial in the development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review discusses the (patho)physiological implications of miRNAs in CVD, ranging from cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia), to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, the intriguing possibility of their use as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVDs will be discussed in detail. Finally, as several approaches have been developed to alter miRNA expression and function (i.e., mimics, antagomirs, and target-site blockers), we will highlight the miRNAs with the most promising therapeutic potential that may represent suitable candidates for therapeutic intervention in future translational studies and ultimately in clinical trials. All in all, this review gives a comprehensive overview of the most relevant miRNAs in CVD and discusses their potential use as biomarkers and even therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey J. F. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mathias Hohl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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28
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An Overview of Non-coding RNAs and Cardiovascular System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:3-45. [PMID: 32285403 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease management and timely diagnosis remain a major dilemma. Delineating molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases is opening horizon in the field of molecular medicines and in the development of early diagnostic markers. Non-coding RNAs are the highly functional and vibrant nucleic acids and are known to be involved in the regulation of endothelial cells, vascular and smooth muscles cells, cardiac metabolism, ischemia, inflammation and many processes in cardiovascular system. This chapter is comprehensively focusing on the overview of the non-coding RNAs including their discovery, generation, classification and functional regulation. In addition, overview regarding different non-coding RNAs as long non-coding, siRNAs and miRNAs involvement in the cardiovascular diseases is also addressed. Detailed functional analysis of this vast group of highly regulatory molecules will be promising for shaping future drug discoveries.
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29
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Oxidative Stress and New Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061995. [PMID: 32630452 PMCID: PMC7355625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis is a trigger, or consequence, of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is defined as a diminished production/availability of nitric oxide, with or without an imbalance between endothelium-derived contracting, and relaxing factors associated with a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status. Endothelial dysfunction-induced phenotypic changes include up-regulated expression of adhesion molecules and increased chemokine secretion, leukocyte adherence, cell permeability, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inflammation-induced oxidative stress results in an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly derived from mitochondria. Excessive ROS production causes oxidation of macromolecules inducing cell apoptosis mediated by cytochrome-c release. Oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin loosens cytochrome-c binding, thus, favoring its cytosolic release and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Oxidative stress increases vascular permeability, promotes leukocyte adhesion, and induces alterations in endothelial signal transduction and redox-regulated transcription factors. Identification of new endothelial dysfunction-related oxidative stress markers represents a research goal for better prevention and therapy of CVD. New-generation therapeutic approaches based on carriers, gene therapy, cardiolipin stabilizer, and enzyme inhibitors have proved useful in clinical practice to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Experimental studies are in continuous development to discover new personalized treatments. Gene regulatory mechanisms, implicated in endothelial dysfunction, represent potential new targets for developing drugs able to prevent and counteract CVD-related endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to overcome before these technologies and personalized therapeutic strategies can be used in CVD management.
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30
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Prestes PR, Maier MC, Woods BA, Charchar FJ. A Guide to the Short, Long and Circular RNAs in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103666. [PMID: 32455975 PMCID: PMC7279167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults in developed countries. CVD encompasses many diseased states, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Studies in animal models and human studies have elucidated the contribution of many genetic factors, including non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs are RNAs not translated into protein, involved in gene expression regulation post-transcriptionally and implicated in CVD. Of these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs are relevant. CircRNAs are created by the back-splicing of pre-messenger RNA and have been underexplored as contributors to CVD. These circRNAs may also act as biomarkers of human disease, as they can be extracted from whole blood, plasma, saliva and seminal fluid. CircRNAs have recently been implicated in various disease processes, including hypertension and other cardiovascular disease. This review article will explore the promising and emerging roles of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CVD, in particular hypertension.
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31
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Arkorful MA, Noren Hooten N, Zhang Y, Hewitt AN, Barrientos Sanchez L, Evans MK, Dluzen DF. MicroRNA-1253 Regulation of WASF2 (WAVE2) and its Relevance to Racial Health Disparities. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E572. [PMID: 32443852 PMCID: PMC7288301 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension among African Americans (AAs) in the US is among the highest of any demographic and affects over two-thirds of AA women. Previous data from our laboratory suggest substantial differential gene expression (DGE) of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) exists within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from AA and white women with or without hypertension. We hypothesized that DGE by race may contribute to racial differences in hypertension. In a reanalysis of our previous dataset, we found that the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein Verprolin-homologous protein 2 (WASF2 (also known as WAVE2)) is differentially expressed in AA women with hypertension, along with several other members of the actin cytoskeleton signaling pathway that plays a role in cell shape and branching of actin filaments. We performed an in silico miRNA target prediction analysis that suggested miRNA miR-1253 regulates WASF2. Transfection of miR-1253 mimics into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) significantly repressed WASF2 mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.05), and a luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-1253 regulates the WASF2 3' UTR (p < 0.01). miR-1253 overexpression in HUVECs significantly increased HUVEC lamellipodia formation (p < 0.01), suggesting the miR-1253-WASF2 interaction may play a role in cell shape and actin cytoskeleton function. Together, we have identified novel roles for miR-1253 and WASF2 in a hypertension-related disparities context. This may ultimately lead to the discovery of additional actin-related genes which are important in the vascular-related complications of hypertension and influence the disproportionate susceptibility to hypertension among AAs in general and AA women in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy A. Arkorful
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | - Amirah N. Hewitt
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Lori Barrientos Sanchez
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (N.N.H.); (A.N.H.); (L.B.S.); (M.K.E.)
| | - Douglas F. Dluzen
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
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Paramasivam A, Vijayashree Priyadharsini J. MitomiRs: new emerging microRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:851-853. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Guarner-Lans V, Ramírez-Higuera A, Rubio-Ruiz ME, Castrejón-Téllez V, Soto ME, Pérez-Torres I. Early Programming of Adult Systemic Essential Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1203. [PMID: 32054074 PMCID: PMC7072742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are being included in the study of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) and essential systemic hypertension has also been added to this field. Epigenetic modifications are one of the main mechanisms leading to early programming of disease. Different environmental factors occurring during critical windows in the early stages of life may leave epigenetic cues, which may be involved in the programming of hypertension when individuals reach adulthood. Such environmental factors include pre-term birth, low weight at birth, altered programming of different organs such as the blood vessels and the kidney, and living in disadvantageous conditions in the programming of hypertension. Mechanisms behind these factors that impact on the programming include undernutrition, oxidative stress, inflammation, emotional stress, and changes in the microbiota. These factors and their underlying causes acting at the vascular level will be discussed in this paper. We also explore the establishment of epigenetic cues that may lead to hypertension at the vascular level such as DNA methylation, histone modifications (methylation and acetylation), and the role of microRNAs in the endothelial cells and blood vessel smooth muscle which participate in hypertension. Since epigenetic changes are reversible, the knowledge of this type of markers could be useful in the field of prevention, diagnosis or epigenetic drugs as a therapeutic approach to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - Abril Ramírez-Higuera
- Nutrition Biochemistry Laboratory, Research and Food Development Unit. Veracruz Technological Institute, National Technological of Mexico, Veracruz 91897, Mexico;
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - Vicente Castrejón-Téllez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - María Elena Soto
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico 14080, Mexico;
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico 14080, Mexico;
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34
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Khachigian LM. Transcription Factors Targeted by miRNAs Regulating Smooth Muscle Cell Growth and Intimal Thickening after Vascular Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215445. [PMID: 31683712 PMCID: PMC6861964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointima formation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a manifestation of “phenotype switching” by vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), a process that involves de-differentiation from a contractile quiescent phenotype to one that is richly synthetic. In response to injury, SMCs migrate, proliferate, down-regulate SMC-specific differentiation genes, and later, can revert to the contractile phenotype. The vascular response to injury is regulated by microRNAs (or miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression. Interactions between miRNAs and transcription factors impact gene regulatory networks. This article briefly reviews the roles of a range of miRNAs in molecular and cellular processes that control intimal thickening, focusing mainly on transcription factors, some of which are encoded by immediate-early genes. Examples include Egr-1, junB, KLF4, KLF5, Elk-1, Ets-1, HMGB1, Smad1, Smad3, FoxO4, SRF, Rb, Sp1 and c-Myb. Such mechanistic information could inform the development of strategies that block SMC growth, neointima formation, and potentially overcome limitations of lasting efficacy following PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
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35
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Mondejar-Parreño G, Callejo M, Barreira B, Morales-Cano D, Esquivel-Ruiz S, Filice M, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Perez-Vizcaino F. miR-1 induces endothelial dysfunction in rat pulmonary arteries. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:519-529. [PMID: 31432395 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-strand and non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene function by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of specific mRNAs. microRNA-1 (miR-1) is upregulated in plasma from idiopathic PAH patients and in lungs from an experimental model of PAH. However, the role of miRNA-1 on endothelial dysfunction is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of miR-1 on endothelial function in rat pulmonary arteries (PA). Endothelial function was studied in PA from PAH or healthy animals and mounted in a wire myograph. Some PA from control animals were transfected with miR-1 or scramble miR. Superoxide anion production by miR-1 was quantified by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence in rat PA smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Bioinformatic analysis identified superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), connexin-43 (Cx43), caveolin 2 (CAV2) and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as potential targets of miR-1. The expression of SOD1, Cx43, CAV2, and KLF4 was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot in PASMC. PA incubated with miR-1 presented decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. We also found an increase in the production of O2- and decreased expression of SOD1, Cx43, CAV2, and KLF4 in PASMC induced by miR-1, which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, these data indicate that miR-1 induces endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a pathophysiological role in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Mondejar-Parreño
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Callejo
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Morales-Cano
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Filice
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Departament of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- From the Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina (A.J.)
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (Y.D.)
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Ye Y, Yang J, Lv W, Lu Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Musha Z, Fan P, Yang B, Zhou X, Tang B. Screening of differentially expressed microRNAs of essential hypertension in Uyghur population. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:98. [PMID: 30975221 PMCID: PMC6460779 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Essential hypertension can cause many kinds of cardiovascular diseases. The pathogenesis of essential hypertension is very complex, and the mechanism is still unclear. The microRNAs have been identified as novel biomarkers for pre-diagnosis and prognosis of hypertension. However, the kinds of microRNAs that can be used as specific biomarkers for hypertension are unknown. Methods and results Plasma samples were isolated from Uyghur subjects with essential hypertension and the healthy individuals. Microarray was used to identify differentially expressed microRNAs. The microarray data were clustered and annotated with online software. The target genes of differentially expressed microRNAs were also analyzed. The microarray results were further verified by quantitative real-time PCR. We identified 257 microRNAs that were differentially expressed between patients with essential hypertension and the healthy individuals. These microRNAs had a total of 6580 target genes. The 47 microRNAs that had target genes, including 24 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated microRNAs, were further screened out to construct a reference set of potential microRNA biomarkers. Most of the 47 microRNAs were located at chromosome 19 (40 microRNAs) and chromosome 1 (45 microRNAs). Their target genes were mainly enriched in metal ion binding, transcription regulation, cell adhesion and junction, indicating that these candidate microRNAs may regulate mineral ion binding and cell communication process of essential hypertension. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-198 and miR-1183 (which were the two most significantly up-regulated microRNAs by microarray), and, miR-30e-5p and miR-144-3p (which were the two most significantly down-regulated microRNAs by microarray) were consistent with the microarray results. Conclusions A reference set of potential microRNA biomarkers that may be involved in essential hypertension is constructed. Our study may provide experimental evidence for further studying the mechanism of essential hypertension. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-019-1028-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Ye
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Jianzhong Yang
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Wenkui Lv
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Yanmei Lu
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Zulifeiya Musha
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Xianhui Zhou
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
| | - Baopeng Tang
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China.
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Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM. Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1099-1113. [PMID: 30867575 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease of the cardiovascular system that is influenced by the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The molecular dynamics underlying EH etiopathogenesis is unknown; however, earlier studies have revealed EH-associated genetic variants. Nevertheless, this finding alone is not sufficient to explain the variability in blood pressure, suggesting that other risk factors are involved, such as epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the potential contribution of well-defined epigenetic mechanisms in EH, specifically, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize global and gene-specific DNA methylation as one of the most well-studied hallmarks among all epigenetic modifications in EH. In addition, post-translational histone modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are described as important epigenetic markers associated with EH. Finally, we discuss microRNAs that affect blood pressure by regulating master genes such as those implicated in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These epigenetic modifications, which appear to contribute to various cardiovascular diseases, including EH, may be a promising research area for the development of novel future strategies for EH prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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39
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Mondejar‐Parreño G, Callejo M, Barreira B, Morales‐Cano D, Esquivel‐Ruiz S, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Perez‐Vizcaino F. miR-1 is increased in pulmonary hypertension and downregulates Kv1.5 channels in rat pulmonary arteries. J Physiol 2019; 597:1185-1197. [PMID: 29717493 PMCID: PMC6375863 DOI: 10.1113/jp276054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The expression of miR-1 is increased in lungs from the Hyp/Su5416 PAH rat model. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from this animal model are more depolarized and show decreased expression and activity of voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv)1.5. miR-1 directly targets Kv1.5 channels, reduces Kv1.5 activity and induces membrane depolarization. Antagomir-1 prevents Kv1.5 channel downregulation and the depolarization induced by hypoxia/Su5416 exposition. ABSTRACT Impairment of the voltage-dependent potassium channel (Kv) plays a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region region of specific mRNAs. The present study aimed to analyse the effects of miR-1 on Kv channel function in pulmonary arteries (PA). Kv channel activity was studied in PA from healthy animals transfected with miR-1 or scrambled-miR. Kv currents were studied using the whole-cell configuration of the patch clamp technique. The characterization of the Kv1.5 currents was performed with the selective inhibitor DPO-1. miR-1 expression was increased and Kv1.5 channels were decreased in lungs from a rat model of PAH induced by hypoxia and Su5416. miR-1 transfection increased cell capacitance, reduced Kv1.5 currents and induced membrane depolarization in isolated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. A luciferase reporter assay indicated that KCNA5, which encodes Kv1.5 channels, is a direct target gene of miR-1. Incubation of PA with Su5416 and hypoxia (3% O2 ) increased miR-1 and induced a decline in Kv1.5 currents, which was prevented by antagomiR-1. In conclusion, these data indicate that miR-1 induces pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and reduces the activity and expression of Kv channels, suggesting a pathophysiological role in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Mondejar‐Parreño
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - María Callejo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Daniel Morales‐Cano
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Sergio Esquivel‐Ruiz
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
| | - Francisco Perez‐Vizcaino
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología. Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)MadridSpain
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40
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Halushka PV, Goodwin AJ, Halushka MK. Opportunities for microRNAs in the Crowded Field of Cardiovascular Biomarkers. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 14:211-238. [PMID: 30332561 PMCID: PMC6442682 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases exist across all developed countries. Biomarkers that can predict or diagnose diseases early in their pathogeneses can reduce their morbidity and mortality in afflicted individuals. microRNAs are small regulatory RNAs that modulate translation and have been identified as potential fluid-based biomarkers across numerous maladies. We describe the current state of cardiovascular disease biomarkers across a range of diseases, including myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, hypertension, heart failure, heart transplantation, aortic stenosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and sepsis. We present the current understanding of microRNAs as possible biomarkers in these categories and where their best opportunities exist to enter clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry V Halushka
- Department of Pharmacology, South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA;
- Department of Medicine, South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA;
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA;
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41
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Hung J, Miscianinov V, Sluimer JC, Newby DE, Baker AH. Targeting Non-coding RNA in Vascular Biology and Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1655. [PMID: 30524312 PMCID: PMC6262071 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Only recently have we begun to appreciate the importance and complexity of the non-coding genome, owing in some part to truly significant advances in genomic technology such as RNA sequencing and genome-wide profiling studies. Previously thought to be non-functional transcriptional “noise,” non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are now known to play important roles in many diverse biological pathways, not least in vascular disease. While microRNAs (miRNA) are known to regulate protein-coding gene expression principally through mRNA degradation, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can activate and repress genes by a variety of mechanisms at both transcriptional and translational levels. These versatile molecules, with complex secondary structures, may interact with chromatin, proteins, and other RNA to form complexes with an array of functional consequences. A body of emerging evidence indicates that both classes of ncRNAs regulate multiple physiological and pathological processes in vascular physiology and disease. While dozens of miRNAs are now implicated and described in relative mechanistic depth, relatively fewer lncRNAs are well described. However, notable examples include ANRIL, SMILR, and SENCR in vascular smooth muscle cells; MALAT1 and GATA-6S in endothelial cells; and mitochondrial lncRNA LIPCAR as a powerful biomarker. Due to such ubiquitous involvement in pathology and well-known biogenesis and functional genetics, novel miRNA-based therapies and delivery methods are now in development, including some early stage clinical trials. Although lncRNAs may hold similar potential, much more needs to be understood about their relatively complex molecular behaviours before realistic translation into novel therapies. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanism and function of ncRNA, focusing on miRNAs and lncRNAs in vascular disease and atherosclerosis. We discuss existing therapies and current delivery methods, emphasising the importance of miRNAs and lncRNAs as effectors and biomarkers in vascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hung
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Deanery of Clinical Sciences, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Vladislav Miscianinov
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - David E Newby
- Deanery of Clinical Sciences, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Exercise Training-Induced Changes in MicroRNAs: Beneficial Regulatory Effects in Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113608. [PMID: 30445764 PMCID: PMC6275070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are involved in the regulation of physiological processes, such as adaptation to physical exercise, and also in disease settings, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and obesity. In SAH, microRNAs play a significant role in the regulation of key signaling pathways that lead to the hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, proliferation, and phenotypic change in smooth muscle cells, and the hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. MicroRNAs are also involved in the regulation of insulin signaling and blood glucose levels in T2D, and participate in lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and adipocyte differentiation in obesity, with specific microRNA signatures involved in the pathogenesis of each disease. Many studies report the benefits promoted by exercise training in cardiovascular diseases by reducing blood pressure, glucose levels, and improving insulin signaling and lipid metabolism. The molecular mechanisms involved, however, remain poorly understood, especially regarding the participation of microRNAs in these processes. This review aimed to highlight microRNAs already known to be associated with SAH, T2D, and obesity, as well as their possible regulation by exercise training.
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miR-143 and miR-145 promote hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells through regulating ABCA1 expression. Cardiovasc Pathol 2018; 37:15-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology/Physiology.The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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Kontaraki JE, Marketou ME, Kochiadakis GE, Maragkoudakis S, Konstantinou J, Vardas PE, Parthenakis FI. The long non-coding RNAs MHRT
,FENDRR
and CARMEN
, their expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with essential hypertension and their relation to heart hypertrophy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:1213-1217. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E. Kontaraki
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory; School of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Maria E. Marketou
- Department of Cardiology; Heraklion University Hospital; Heraklion Greece
| | | | | | - John Konstantinou
- Department of Cardiology; Heraklion University Hospital; Heraklion Greece
| | - Panos E. Vardas
- Department of Cardiology; Heraklion University Hospital; Heraklion Greece
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46
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The diagnostic values of circulating miRNAs for hypertension and bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180525. [PMID: 29961674 PMCID: PMC6147777 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have compared the performances of those reported miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension in a same cohort, we aimed to comprehensively examine the performances of those reported miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension and identify the genes and pathways targetted by these miRNAs. Serum samples were collected from patients hospitalized for hypertension in Zhongshan Hospital. Gene expressions of 25 miRNAs were compared between hypertension and normal groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of those miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension. miRWALK2.0 and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed to predict the target genes and pathways of selected miRNAs. A total of 164 participants were enrolled, amongst which 53 were patients with hypertension, 111 were normal population. MiR-122-5p (area under curve (AUC): 0.750), miR-199a-3p (AUC: 0.744), miR-208a-3p (AUC: 0.743), miR-423-5p (AUC: 0.740), and miR-223-5p (AUC: 0.718) showed better performance than others, and the best performance was the combination of miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-223-3p (AUC: 0.80). Pathway analysis revealed that 94 pathways enriched with genes targetted by miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-223-5p. FoxO signaling was enriched with genes targetted by all the three miRNAs (miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p). The combination of miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-223-3p has a good diagnostic performance for hypertension, and multitudes of possible mechanisms/pathways through which dysregulation of these miRNAs may impact risk of hypertension.
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Chen L, He FJ, Dong Y, Huang Y, Harshfield GA, Zhu H. Sodium Reduction, miRNA Profiling and CVD Risk in Untreated Hypertensives: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12729. [PMID: 30143705 PMCID: PMC6109065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium reduction decreases blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that reduction of sodium intake would change miRNA expression in hypertensive patients, and those changes would be associated with improved cardiovascular phenotypes. A whole genome RNA sequencing was performed in paired serum samples collected at the end of usual sodium intake and reduced sodium intake periods from 10 (age 56.8 ± 8.9) untreated black male hypertensives, selected from a randomized crossover trial of sodium reduction as the discovery cohort. Validation was carried out by the PCR Serum/Plasma Focus panel profiling in paired samples in all 64 (50% males, age 50.2 ± 9.5) untreated black hypertensives from the same trial. Fifteen respondent miRNAs were identified in the discovery stage. miR-143-3p was replicated. Sodium reduction up-regulated miR-143-3p. The increase in miR-143-3p was associated with the reduction of BP and arterial stiffness and the increase in skin capillary density. In conclusion, dietary sodium reduction alters circulating miRNA expressions, and those miRNA changes are associated with reduced BP and improved arterial compliance in untreated black hypertensives, suggesting that miRNA regulation may be one of the underlying mechanisms that dietary sodium regulates cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Feng J He
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yanbin Dong
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory A Harshfield
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Haidong Zhu
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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Li X, Wei Y, Wang Z. microRNA-21 and hypertension. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:649-661. [PMID: 29973661 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension, a multifactorial disease, is a major risk factor for the development of stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and chronic renal failure. However, its underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. Numerous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and the development of diseases. microRNA-21 (miR-21), a conserved single-stranded non-coding RNA that is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides, is one of the most intensively studied miRNAs in recent years, and it can regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miR-21 is expressed in many kinds of tumors and in the cardiovascular system, and it plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, more and more evidence indicates that miR-21 plays an important role in hypertension. This article reviews the source, function, and altered levels of miR-21 in hypertension and the role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of hypertension and target organ damage (TOD). The potential role of miR-21 as a new target for predicting and treating hypertension is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Zuoguang Wang
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, Blood Vessel Diseases, 100029, Beijing, China.
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Interplay between the renin-angiotensin system, the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ in hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 20:62. [PMID: 29884931 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-018-0860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heterogeneous causes can determinate hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a major role in the pathophysiology of blood pressure. Angiotensin II and aldosterone are overexpressed during hypertension and lead to hypertension development and its cardiovascular complications. In several tissues, the overactivation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway leads to inactivation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), while PPARγ stimulation induces a decrease of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway. In hypertension, the WNT/β-catenin pathway is upregulated, whereas PPARγ is decreased. The WNT/β-catenin pathway and RAS regulate positively each other during hypertension, whereas PPARγ agonists can decrease the expression of both the WNT/β-catenin pathway and RAS. We focus this review on the hypothesis of an opposite interplay between PPARγ and both the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and RAS in regulating the molecular mechanism underlying hypertension. The interactions between PPARγ and the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway through the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in hypertension may be an interesting way to better understand the actions and the effects of PPARγ agonists as antihypertensive drugs.
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Relationship of cardiovascular disease risk factors and noncoding RNAs with hypertension: a case-control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:58. [PMID: 29609545 PMCID: PMC5880061 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study sought to explore the relationship of common cardiovascular disease risk factors and noncoding RNAs with essential hypertension (EH). Methods A total of 402 EH patients and 402 gender- and age-frequency matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Each participant received a questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to assess relative expression levels of six noncoding RNAs (NR_027032, NR_034083, NR_104181, miR-126, miR-143 and miR-145) in peripheral blood leucocytes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of having EH between hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients. Results Analysis showed that participants with anxiety, high body mass index, abdominal obesity and family history of hypertension had higher risk for EH, whereas those with bland diet and occupational physical activities had lower risk for EH. qPCR assays showed that NR_027032 (P = 0.015) and NR_034083 (P = 0.004) were significantly reduced in EH patients compared with controls, whereas NR_104181 (P = 0.007), miR-143 (P = 0.005) and miR-145 (P = 0.015) were significantly elevated. After controlling the cardiovascular risk factors, multivariate analysis showed that lower expression levels of NR_034083 and higher expression levels of NR_104181 and miR-143 were risk factors for EH. Conclusions EH is a result of environmental and epigenetic factors. Strikingly, NR_034083, NR_104181 and miR-143 may be correlated with the risk for EH development; therefore, epigenetic markers could be used to measure hypertension levels to help elucidate the pathogenesis of EH.
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