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Zwicker A, Fullerton JM, Mullins N, Rice F, Hafeman DM, van Haren NEM, Setiaman N, Merranko JA, Goldstein BI, Ferrera AG, Stapp EK, de la Serna E, Moreno D, Sugranyes G, Herrero SM, Roberts G, Toma C, Schofield PR, Edenberg HJ, Wilcox HC, McInnis MG, Powell V, Propper L, Denovan-Wright E, Rouleau G, Castro-Fornieles J, Hillegers MHJ, Birmaher B, Thapar A, Mitchell PB, Lewis CM, Alda M, Nurnberger JI, Uher R. Polygenic Scores and Onset of Major Mood or Psychotic Disorders Among Offspring of Affected Parents. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:285-293. [PMID: 36856707 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Family history is an established risk factor for mental illness. The authors sought to investigate whether polygenic scores (PGSs) can complement family history to improve identification of risk for major mood and psychotic disorders. METHODS Eight cohorts were combined to create a sample of 1,884 participants ages 2-36 years, including 1,339 offspring of parents with mood or psychotic disorders, who were prospectively assessed with diagnostic interviews over an average of 5.1 years. PGSs were constructed for depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, neuroticism, subjective well-being, p factor, and height (as a negative control). Cox regression was used to test associations between PGSs, family history of major mental illness, and onsets of major mood and psychotic disorders. RESULTS There were 435 onsets of major mood and psychotic disorders across follow-up. PGSs for neuroticism (hazard ratio=1.23, 95% CI=1.12-1.36), schizophrenia (hazard ratio=1.15, 95% CI=1.04-1.26), depression (hazard ratio=1.11, 95% CI=1.01-1.22), ADHD (hazard ratio=1.10, 95% CI=1.00-1.21), subjective well-being (hazard ratio=0.90, 95% CI=0.82-0.99), and p factor (hazard ratio=1.14, 95% CI=1.04-1.26) were associated with onsets. After controlling for family history, neuroticism PGS remained significantly positively associated (hazard ratio=1.19, 95% CI=1.08-1.31) and subjective well-being PGS remained significantly negatively associated (hazard ratio=0.89, 95% CI=0.81-0.98) with onsets. CONCLUSIONS Neuroticism and subjective well-being PGSs capture risk of major mood and psychotic disorders that is independent of family history, whereas PGSs for psychiatric illness provide limited predictive power when family history is known. Neuroticism and subjective well-being PGSs may complement family history in the early identification of persons at elevated risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Zwicker
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Niamh Mullins
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Frances Rice
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Danella M Hafeman
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Nikita Setiaman
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - John A Merranko
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Alessandra G Ferrera
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Emma K Stapp
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Dolores Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Sergio Mas Herrero
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Gloria Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Claudio Toma
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Holly C Wilcox
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Melvin G McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Victoria Powell
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Lukas Propper
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Eileen Denovan-Wright
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Guy Rouleau
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Anita Thapar
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - John I Nurnberger
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Department of Psychiatry (Zwicker, Propper, Denovan-Wright, Alda, Uher) and Department of Pharmacology (Denovan-Wright), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Health, Halifax (Zwicker, Alda, Uher); Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (Zwicker); Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia (Fullerton, Toma, Schofield); Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (Mullins); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Rice, Powell, Thapar); Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh (Hafeman, Merranko, Birmaher); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands (van Haren, Setiaman, Hillegers); Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Ontario (Goldstein); Department of Psychiatry (Ferrera, Nurnberger) and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute (Nurnberger), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Stapp); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain (de la Serna, Moreno, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain (de la Serna, Sugranyes, Castro-Fornieles); Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (Herrero); School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia (Roberts, Mitchell); Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/CSIC, Madrid (Toma); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis (Edenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child Psychiatry and Public Health, Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore (Wilcox); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McInnis); IWK Health Centre, Halifax (Propper); Montreal Neurological Institute and Department of Neurology, McGill University, Montreal (Rouleau); Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Castro-Fornieles); Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Lewis)
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