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Amroodi MN, Maghsoudloo M, Amiri S, Mokhtari K, Mohseni P, Pourmarjani A, Jamali B, Khosroshahi EM, Asadi S, Tabrizian P, Entezari M, Hashemi M, Wan R. Unraveling the molecular and immunological landscape: Exploring signaling pathways in osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116954. [PMID: 38906027 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by compromised bone density and microarchitecture, represents a significant global health challenge, particularly in aging populations. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, providing valuable insights into the pivotal role of signal transduction in maintaining bone homeostasis. The exploration encompasses cellular signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and TGF-β, all of which play crucial roles in bone remodeling. The dysregulation of these pathways is a contributing factor to osteoporosis, necessitating a profound understanding of their complexities to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying bone loss. The review highlights the pathological significance of disrupted signaling in osteoporosis, emphasizing how these deviations impact the functionality of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, ultimately resulting in heightened bone resorption and compromised bone formation. A nuanced analysis of the intricate crosstalk between these pathways is provided to underscore their relevance in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the study addresses some of the most crucial long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with osteoporosis, adding an additional layer of academic depth to the exploration of immune system involvement in various types of osteoporosis. Finally, we propose that SKP1 can serve as a potential biomarker in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Nakhaei Amroodi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Maghsoudloo
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parnaz Mohseni
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Pourmarjani
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Behdokht Jamali
- Department of microbiology and genetics, kherad Institute of higher education, Busheher, lran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Tabrizian
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, department of orthopedic, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Casey-Clyde T, Liu SJ, Serrano JAC, Teng C, Jang YG, Vasudevan HN, Bush JO, Raleigh DR. Eed controls craniofacial osteoblast differentiation and mesenchymal proliferation from the neural crest. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.13.584903. [PMID: 38558995 PMCID: PMC10979956 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.584903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The histone methyltransferase Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is required for specification of the neural crest, and mis-regulation of neural crest development can cause severe congenital malformations. PRC2 is necessary for neural crest induction, but the embryonic, cellular, and molecular consequences of PRC2 activity after neural crest induction are incompletely understood. Here we show that Eed, a core subunit of PRC2, is required for craniofacial osteoblast differentiation and mesenchymal proliferation after induction of the neural crest. Integrating mouse genetics with single-cell RNA sequencing, our results reveal that conditional knockout of Eed after neural crest cell induction causes severe craniofacial hypoplasia, impaired craniofacial osteogenesis, and attenuated craniofacial mesenchymal cell proliferation that is first evident in post-migratory neural crest cell populations. We show that Eed drives mesenchymal differentiation and proliferation in vivo and in primary craniofacial cell cultures by regulating diverse transcription factor programs that are required for specification of post-migratory neural crest cells. These data enhance understanding of epigenetic mechanisms that underlie craniofacial development, and shed light on the embryonic, cellular, and molecular drivers of rare congenital syndromes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Casey-Clyde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S John Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juan Antonio Camara Serrano
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camilla Teng
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoon-Gu Jang
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harish N Vasudevan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey O Bush
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David R Raleigh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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3
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Zhong Y, Zhou X, Pan Z, Zhang J, Pan J. Role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in age-related bone homeostasis imbalance. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23642. [PMID: 38690719 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302665r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Alterations to the human organism that are brought about by aging are comprehensive and detrimental. Of these, an imbalance in bone homeostasis is a major outward manifestation of aging. In older adults, the decreased osteogenic activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the inhibition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation lead to decreased bone mass, increased risk of fracture, and impaired bone injury healing. In the past decades, numerous studies have reported the epigenetic alterations that occur during aging, such as decreased core histones, altered DNA methylation patterns, and abnormalities in noncoding RNAs, which ultimately lead to genomic abnormalities and affect the expression of downstream signaling osteoporosis treatment and promoter of fracture healing in older adults. The current review summarizes the impact of epigenetic regulation mechanisms on age-related bone homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yi SJ, Lim J, Kim K. Exploring epigenetic strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:398. [PMID: 38453825 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide trend toward an aging population has resulted in a higher incidence of chronic conditions, such as osteoporosis. Osteoporosis, a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk, encompasses primary and secondary forms, each with distinct etiologies. Mechanistically, osteoporosis involves an imbalance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Current pharmacological interventions for osteoporosis, such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide, aim to modulate bone turnover and preserve bone density. Hormone replacement therapy and lifestyle modifications are also recommended to manage the condition. While current medications offer therapeutic options, they are not devoid of limitations. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, in regulating gene expression during bone remodeling. The use of epigenetic drugs, or epidrugs, to target these mechanisms offers a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in osteoporosis. In this review, we comprehensively examine the recent advancements in the application of epidrugs for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ju Yi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Y, Yang C, Wan J, Liu P, Yu H, Yang X, Ma D. Bone marrow adipocyte: Origin, biology and relationship with hematological malignancy. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:10-19. [PMID: 37926488 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has been histologically recognized for decades. In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis to quantitatively analyze the clusters of keywords of BMAT and hematopoiesis to better understand BMAT and hematopoiesis. Starting with conclusive keywords, our results demonstrated that BMAds is distinct from extramedullary adipose tissues and maintains a routine but dynamic accumulation throughout an individual's life. Various pathophysiological factors take part in dysregulation of the adipose-osteogenic balance throughout life. Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are also contradictorily involved in normal hematopoiesis, and positively participate in the occurrence and progression of hematologic malignancies, exerting a chemoprotective role in tumor treatment. Mechanically, metabolic reprogramming and abnormal secretory profile of BMAds and tumor cells play a critical role in the chemotherapy resistance. Overall, we hope that this work will provide new ideas for relevant future research on BMAds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
- School for Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pediatrics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junzhao Wan
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
| | - Hantao Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Pediatrics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hematological Malignancies, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Zhao Y, Xu Z, Zhang R, Liu M, Lu C, Fan C, Wang J. Integrated scRNAseq analyses of mouse cochlear supporting cells reveal the involvement of Ezh2 in hair cell regeneration. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:217. [PMID: 38281217 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In lower vertebrates like fish, the inner ear and lateral line hair cells (HCs) can regenerate after being damaged by proliferation/differentiation of supporting cells (SCs). However, the HCs of mouse cochlear could only regenerate within one to two weeks after birth but not for adults. METHODS AND RESULTS To better understand the molecular foundations, we collected several public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data of mouse cochleae from E14 to P33 and extracted the prosensory and supporting cells specifically. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) results revealed a down-regulation of genes in Notch signaling pathway during postnatal stages (P7 and P33). We also identified 107 time-course co-expression genes correlated with developmental stage and predicated that EZH2 and KLF15 may be the key transcriptional regulators for these genes. Expressions of candidate target genes of EZH2 and KLF15 were also found in supporting cells of the auditory epithelia in chick and the neuromasts in zebrafish. Furthermore, inhibiting EZH2 suppressed regeneration of hair cells in zebrafish neuromasts and altered expressions of some developmental stage correlated genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results extended the understanding for molecular basis of hair cell regeneration ability and revealed the potential role of Ezh2 in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengcheng Lu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Horizon Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxin Fan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute for Marine Biosystem and Neuroscience, International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lingang New Area, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Ghanbari M, Khosroshahi NS, Alamdar M, Abdi A, Aghazadeh A, Feizi MAH, Haghi M. An Updated Review on the Significance of DNA and Protein Methyltransferases and De-methylases in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanism to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3550-3587. [PMID: 37287285 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230607124803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in regulating gene expression. These mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, like methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation. DNA methylation is associated with gene expression suppression; however, histone methylation can stimulate or repress gene expression depending on the methylation pattern of lysine or arginine residues on histones. These modifications are key factors in mediating the environmental effect on gene expression regulation. Therefore, their aberrant activity is associated with the development of various diseases. The current study aimed to review the significance of DNA and histone methyltransferases and demethylases in developing various conditions, like cardiovascular diseases, myopathies, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, aging, and central nervous system conditions. A better understanding of the epigenetic roles in developing diseases can pave the way for developing novel therapeutic approaches for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Sadi Khosroshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Alamdar
- Department of Genetics Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Abdi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Aghazadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Haghi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Ma Y, Wang S, Wang H, Chen X, Shuai Y, Wang H, Mao Y, He F. Mesenchymal stem cells and dental implant osseointegration during aging: from mechanisms to therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:382. [PMID: 38124153 PMCID: PMC10734190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to replace missing teeth, providing patients with unparalleled levels of effectiveness, convenience, and affordability. The biological basis for the clinical success of dental implants is osseointegration. Bone aging is a high-risk factor for the reduced osseointegration and survival rates of dental implants. In aged individuals, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow show imbalanced differentiation with a reduction in osteogenesis and an increase in adipogenesis. This leads to impaired osseointegration and implant failure. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysfunctional differentiation of aged MSCs, which primarily include autophagy, transcription factors, extracellular vesicle secretion, signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, this review addresses the pathological changes in MSCs that affect osseointegration and discusses potential therapeutic interventions to enhance osseointegration by manipulating the mechanisms underlying MSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital: East Region Military Command General Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yingjie Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fuming He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Sun Y, Zhang H, Qiu T, Liao L, Su X. Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal stem cell aging through histone modifications. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2443-2456. [PMID: 37554203 PMCID: PMC10404871 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell senescence and exhaustion, a hallmark of aging, lead to declines in tissue repair and regeneration in aged individuals. Emerging evidence has revealed that epigenetic regulation plays critical roles in the self-renew, lineage-commitment, survival, and function of stem cells. Moreover, epigenetic alterations are considered important drivers of stem cell dysfunction during aging. In this review, we focused on current knowledge of the histone modifications in the aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The aberrant epigenetic modifications on histones, including methylation and acetylation, have been found in aging MSCs. By disturbing the expression of specific genes, these epigenetic modifications affect the self-renew, survival, and differentiation of MSCs. A set of epigenetic enzymes that write or erase these modifications are critical in regulating the aging of MSCs. Furthermore, we discussed the rejuvenation strategies based on epigenetics to prevent stem cell aging and/or rejuvenate senescent MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoxia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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10
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Zhivodernikov IV, Kirichenko TV, Markina YV, Postnov AY, Markin AM. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15772. [PMID: 37958752 PMCID: PMC10648156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a widespread systemic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and an imbalance of the microarchitecture of bone tissue. Experimental and clinical studies devoted to investigating the main pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoporosis revealed the important role of estrogen deficiency, inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and epigenetic factors in the development of bone resorption due to osteoclastogenesis, and decreased mineralization of bone tissue and bone formation due to reduced function of osteoblasts caused by apoptosis and age-depended differentiation of osteoblast precursors into adipocytes. The current review was conducted to describe the basic mechanisms of the development of osteoporosis at molecular and cellular levels and to elucidate the most promising therapeutic strategies of pathogenetic therapy of osteoporosis based on articles cited in PubMed up to September 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuliya V. Markina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (T.V.K.); (A.Y.P.); (A.M.M.)
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11
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Yang S, Sun Y, Kapilevich L, Zhang X, Huang Y. Protective effects of curcumin against osteoporosis and its molecular mechanisms: a recent review in preclinical trials. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249418. [PMID: 37790808 PMCID: PMC10544586 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common metabolic skeletal disorders and is commonly seen in the elderly population and postmenopausal women. It is mainly associated with progressive loss of bone mineral density, persistent deterioration of bone microarchitecture, and increased fracture risk. To date, drug therapy is the primary method used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, long-term drug therapy inevitably leads to drug resistance and specific side effects. Therefore, researchers are constantly searching for new monomer compounds from natural plants. As a candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis, curcumin (CUR) is a natural phenolic compound with various pharmacological and biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory. This compound has gained research attention for maintaining bone health in various osteoporosis models. We reviewed preclinical and clinical studies of curcumin in preventing and alleviating osteoporosis. These results suggest that if subjected to rigorous pharmacological and clinical trials, naturally-derived curcumin could be used as a complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis by targeting osteoporosis-related mechanistic pathways. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications of curcumin in the prevention and mitigation of osteoporosis and provides reference for further research and development of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglei Yang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuying Sun
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, China
| | - Leonid Kapilevich
- Faculty of Physical Education, Nаtionаl Reseаrch Tomsk Stаte University, Tomsk, Russiа
| | - Xin’an Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Huang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Carrasco ME, Thaler R, Nardocci G, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ. Inhibition of Ezh2 redistributes bivalent domains within transcriptional regulators associated with WNT and Hedgehog pathways in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105155. [PMID: 37572850 PMCID: PMC10506106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalent epigenomic regulatory domains containing both activating histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and repressive lysine 27 (H3K27me3) trimethylation are associated with key developmental genes. These bivalent domains repress transcription in the absence of differentiation signals but maintain regulatory genes in a poised state to allow for timely activation. Previous studies demonstrated that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2), a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methyltransferase, suppresses osteogenic differentiation and that inhibition of Ezh2 enhances commitment of osteoblast progenitors in vitro and bone formation in vivo. Here, we examined the mechanistic effects of Tazemetostat (EPZ6438), an Food and Drug Administration approved Ezh2 inhibitor for epithelioid sarcoma treatment, because this drug could potentially be repurposed to stimulate osteogenesis for clinical indications. We find that Tazemetostat reduces H3K27me3 marks in bivalent domains in enhancers required for bone formation and stimulates maturation of MC3T3 preosteoblasts. Furthermore, Tazemetostat activates bivalent genes associated with the Wingless/integrated (WNT), adenylyl cyclase (cAMP), and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways based on transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and epigenomic (chromatin immunoprecipitation [ChIP]-seq) data. Functional analyses using selective pathway inhibitors and silencing RNAs demonstrate that the WNT and Hh pathways modulate osteogenic differentiation after Ezh2 inhibition. Strikingly, we show that loss of the Hh-responsive transcriptional regulator Gli1, but not Gli2, synergizes with Tazemetostat to accelerate osteoblast differentiation. These studies establish epigenetic cooperativity of Ezh2, Hh-Gli1 signaling, and bivalent regulatory genes in suppressing osteogenesis. Our findings may have important translational ramifications for anabolic applications requiring bone mass accrual and/or reversal of bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gino Nardocci
- Program in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
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13
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Ma Z, Chen L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zheng J, Luo Y, Wang C, Zeng H, Xue L, Tan Z, Wang D. Novel insights of EZH2-mediated epigenetic modifications in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102034. [PMID: 37597667 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases (Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, Degenerative Spinal Disease and Sarcopenia) are pathological conditions that affect the function and pain of tissues such as bone, cartilage, and muscles, and are closely associated with ageing and long-term degeneration. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an important epigenetic regulator, regulates gene expression mainly through the PRC2-dependent trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Increasing evidence suggests that EZH2 is involved in several biological processes closely related to degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoclast activation, chondrocyte functional status, and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation, mainly through epigenetic regulation (H3K27me3). Therefore, the synthesis and elucidation of the role of EZH2 in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases have attracted increasing attention. In addition, although EZH2 inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, whether they can be repurposed for the treatment of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases needs to be considered. Here, we reviewed the role of EZH2 in the development of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases and brought forward prospects of its pharmacological inhibitors in the improvement of the treatment of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Ma
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushun Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrui Zheng
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Luo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deli Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Wu Z, Wang X, Shi J, Gupta A, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Cao Y, Wang L. Identification of Functional Modules and Key Pathways Associated with Innervation in Graft Bone-CGRP Regulates the Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via p38 MAPK and Wnt6/ β-Catenin. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:1154808. [PMID: 37621747 PMCID: PMC10447124 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1154808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone resorption occurs after bone grafting, however, contemporaneous reconstruction of the innervation of the bone graft is a potential treatment to maintain the bone mass of the graft. The innervation of bone is an emerging research topic. To understand the potential molecular mechanisms of bone innervation after bone grafting, we collected normal iliac bone tissue as well as bone grafts with or without innervation from nine patients 1 year after surgery and performed RNA sequencing. We identified differentially expressed genes) from these samples and used the gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases for functional enrichment and signaling pathway analysis. In parallel, we established protein-protein interaction networks to screen functional modules. Based on bioinformatic results, we validated in vitro the osteogenic differentiation potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) after calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) stimulation and the expression of p38 MAPK and Wnt6/β-catenin pathways during osteogenesis. Our transcriptome analysis of bone grafts reveals functional modules and signaling pathways of innervation which play a vital role in the structural and functional integration of the bone graft. Simultaneously, we demonstrate that CGRP regulates the differentiation of BMMSCs through p38 MAPK and Wnt6/β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Oriental Hospital, Tongji University, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcun Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Anand Gupta
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College & Hospital, 160030, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Stomatology, Fengcheng Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201411, China
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15
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Yalaev BI, Khusainova RI. Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and its role in the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:401-410. [PMID: 37465189 PMCID: PMC10350859 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery of molecular mechanisms of primary osteoporosis development is fundamental to understand the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal diseases in general and for identifying key links in the genetic and epigenetic regulation of bone remodelling genes. The number of identified molecular genetic markers for osteoporosis is increasing but there is a need to describe their functional interactions. These interactions have been determined to be associated with the control of expression of a number of transcription factors and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through the pathway of osteoblastogenesis or adipogenesis, and monocytic precursors through the pathway of osteoclastogenesis. The results of epigenetic studies have significantly increased the understanding of the role of post-translational modifications of histones, DNA methylation and RNA interference in the osteoporosis pathogenesis and in bone remodelling. However, the knowledge should be systematised and generalised according to the results of research on the role of epigenetic modifiers in the development of osteoporosis, and the influence of each epigenetic mechanism on the individual links of bone remodelling during ontogenesis of humans in general, including the elderly, should be described. Understanding which mechanisms and systems are involved in the development of this nosology is of interest for the development of targeted therapies, as the possibility of using microRNAs to regulate genes is now being considered. Systematisation of these data is important to investigate the differences in epigenetic marker arrays by race and ethnicity. The review article analyses references to relevant reviews and original articles, classifies information on current advances in the study of epigenetic mechanisms in osteoporosis and reviews the results of studies of epigenetic mechanisms on individual links of bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- B I Yalaev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - R I Khusainova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia
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16
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Li Y, Hu M, Xie J, Li S, Dai L. Dysregulation of histone modifications in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells during skeletal ageing: roles and therapeutic prospects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:166. [PMID: 37357311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated bone diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) are common in the elderly due to skeletal ageing. The process of skeletal ageing can be accelerated by reduced proliferation and osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Senescence of BM-MSCs is a main driver of age-associated bone diseases, and the fate of BM-MSCs is tightly regulated by histone modifications, such as methylation and acetylation. Dysregulation of histone modifications in BM-MSCs may activate the genes related to the pathogenesis of skeletal ageing and age-associated bone diseases. Here we summarize the histone methylation and acetylation marks and their regulatory enzymes that affect BM-MSC self-renewal, differentiation and senescence. This review not only describes the critical roles of histone marks in modulating BM-MSC functions, but also underlines the potential of epigenetic enzymes as targets for treating age-associated bone diseases. In the future, more effective therapeutic approaches based on these epigenetic targets will be developed and will benefit elderly individuals with bone diseases, such as OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinwei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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17
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la Torre A, Lo Vecchio F, Greco A. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081163. [PMID: 37190071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable outcome of life, characterized by a progressive decline in tissue and organ function. At a molecular level, it is marked by the gradual alterations of biomolecules. Indeed, important changes are observed on the DNA, as well as at a protein level, that are influenced by both genetic and environmental parameters. These molecular changes directly contribute to the development or progression of several human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders and others aging-related diseases. Additionally, they increase the risk of mortality. Therefore, deciphering the hallmarks of aging represents a possibility for identifying potential druggable targets to attenuate the aging process, and then the age-related comorbidities. Given the link between aging, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, and given the reversible nature of epigenetic mechanisms, the precisely understanding of these factors may provide a potential therapeutic approach for age-related decline and disease. In this review, we center on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and their aging-associated changes, highlighting their inferences in age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria la Torre
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Lo Vecchio
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
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18
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Smith N, Shirazi S, Cakouros D, Gronthos S. Impact of Environmental and Epigenetic Changes on Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076499. [PMID: 37047469 PMCID: PMC10095074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Many crucial epigenetic changes occur during early skeletal development and throughout life due to aging, disease and are heavily influenced by an individual’s lifestyle. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression as the result of changes in the environment without any mutation in the underlying DNA sequence. The epigenetic profiles of cells are dynamic and mediated by different mechanisms, including histone modifications, non-coding RNA-associated gene silencing and DNA methylation. Given the underlining role of dysfunctional mesenchymal tissues in common age-related skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, investigations into skeletal stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and their functional deregulation during aging has been of great interest and how this is mediated by an evolving epigenetic landscape. The present review describes the recent findings in epigenetic changes of MSCs that effect growth and cell fate determination in the context of aging, diet, exercise and bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Smith
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Suzanna Shirazi
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Dimitrios Cakouros
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (S.G.); Tel.: +61-8-8128-4395 (S.G.)
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (S.G.); Tel.: +61-8-8128-4395 (S.G.)
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19
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Zhang Y, Zhou L, Fu Q, Liu Z. ANKRD1 activates the Wnt signaling pathway by modulating CAV3 expression and thus promotes BMSC osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in ovariectomized mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166693. [PMID: 36958710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are considered promising materials for treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis (OP). This research explored the functions and molecular mechanism of ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) in BMSC osteogenesis. An OP model in mice was established by bilateral ovariectomy. Manipulation of ANKRD1 expression in BMSCs or femurs was achieved by lentivirus infection. Increased ANKRD1 expression was observed in BMSCs during osteogenic induction. Silencing of ANKRD1 impaired the osteogenesis of BMSCs, as shown by the decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteogenic gene (Runx2, Col1a1, Bglap, and Spp1) expression, and mineralized formation. ANKRD1-mediated promotion of osteogenesis was also reproduced in mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a well-known osteogenic stimulus, was also impaired in ANKRD1-silenced BMSCs. Overexpression of ANKRD1 resulted in the opposite effects on osteogenesis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mechanistic studies revealed that ANKRD1 modulated caveolin-3 (CAV3) expression by reducing CAV3 ubiquitination, and the knockdown of CAV3 impaired the functions of ANKRD1. Additionally, a very low level of ANKRD1 was observed in the BMSCs from OP mice. Rescue of ANKRD1 significantly restored osteogenic differentiation and Wnt signaling activation in BMSCs from ovariectomized mice. The results of micro-CT, H&E staining, and IHC staining showed that ANKRD1 also promoted bone formation and Wnt activation and ameliorated pathological alterations in the femurs of OP mice. Collectively, this study demonstrated that ANKRD1 plays an important role in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and is a promising target for the treatment of OP and other bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Qin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ziyun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Yin P, Xue Y. CircRNA hsa_circ_0006859 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and aggravates osteoporosis by targeting miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p and upregulating EFNA2/DOCK3. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109844. [PMID: 36764273 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Hsa_circ_0006859 has been found as a possible biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) with an effect on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify dysregulated RNAs involved in osteoporosis based on public datasets. Function assays were used to determine the functions of hsa_circ_0006859 on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. It was found that hsa_circ_0006859 was upregulated in OVX mice-derived BMSCs, but lowly expressed during osteogenic differentiation. Overexpressing hsa_circ_0006859 inhibited the cell proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs and hFOB 1.19 cells, vice versa. Bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) was used to induce PMOP in mice. The interactions among circ_0006859, miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p, and EFNA2/DOCK3 were determined using the RIP assay. Silencing circ_0006859 relieved PMOP in mice. Mechanistically, circ_0006859 bound to miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p directly, while miR-642b-5p and miR-483-3p respectively targeted EFNA2 and DOCK3. Hsa_circ_0006859 downregulated the expression of miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p to upregulate EFNA2/DOCK3. Additionally, miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p targeted EFNA2/DOCK3 to inhibit BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and facilitate osteoporosis progression by inactivating the Wnt signaling. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0006859 is involved in PMOP by targeting miR-642b-5p/EFNA2 and miR-483-3p/DOCK3 axes to maintain the Wnt-signaling pathway, which may be a novel possible therapeutic targets and biomarkers for PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
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21
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Ghorbaninejad M, Khademi-Shirvan M, Hosseini S, Meyfour A, Shahhoseini M, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Effective role of Curcumin on expression regulation of EZH2 histone methyltransferase as a dynamic epigenetic factor in osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194903. [PMID: 36538966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into a desired cell lineage remains challenging in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine. Numerous efforts have been made to efficiently promote differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast lineage. Accordingly, epigenetic signatures emerge as a key conductor of cell differentiation. Among them, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), a histone methyltransferase appears to suppress osteogenesis. Curcumin is an osteoinductive natural polyphenol compound which supposedly modulates epigenetic mechanisms. Hence, the current study aims to address the role of the EZH2 epigenetic factor in osteogenic activity of MSCs after Curcumin treatment. METHODS The effect of Curcumin on viability and osteogenic differentiation was evaluated at different time points in vitro. The expression level of EZH2 was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) after 14 and 21 days. RESULTS MTT results showed no cytotoxic effects at concentrations of 10 and 15 μM of Curcumin and cells survived up to 70 % at all time-points. qRT-PCR results demonstrated that Curcumin significantly enhanced the expression levels of osteogenic markers that included Runx2, Osterix, Collagen type I, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin at day 21. CONCLUSIONS Interestingly, we observed that the expression level of the EZH2 gene was downregulated in the presence of Curcumin compared to the control group during osteogenesis. This study confirmed that Curcumin acts as an epigenetic switch to regulate osteoblast differentiation specifically through the EZH2 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ghorbaninejad
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Khademi-Shirvan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahhoseini
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Chen L, Yu C, Xu W, Xiong Y, Cheng P, Lin Z, Zhang Z, Knoedler L, Panayi AC, Knoedler S, Wang J, Mi B, Liu G. Dual-Targeted Nanodiscs Revealing the Cross-Talk between Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Macrophages. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3153-3167. [PMID: 36715347 PMCID: PMC9933878 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing research has highlighted the significance of the cross-play of macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Lysine-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) has been shown to control osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by depleting trimethylated histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3). However, to date, the role of KDM6B in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) remains controversial. Here, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) proved that KDM6B derived from osteogenic-induced BMSCs could bind to the promoter region of BMDMs' brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein-1 (BMAL1) gene in a coculture system and activate BMAL1. Transcriptome sequencing and experiments in vitro showed that the overexpression of BMAL1 in BMDM could inhibit the TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway, reduce pyroptosis, and decrease the M1/M2 ratio, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, bone and macrophage dual-targeted GSK-J4 (KDM6B inhibitor)-loaded nanodiscs were synthesized via binding SDSSD-apoA-1 peptide analogs (APA) peptide, which indirectly proved the critical role of KDM6B in osteogenesis in vivo. Overall, we demonstrated that KDM6B serves as a positive circulation trigger during osteogenic differentiation by decreasing the ratio of M1/M2 both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these results provide insight into basic research in the field of osteoporosis and bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Chen
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chenyan Yu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wanting Xu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus
of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhenhe Zhang
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department
of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute of Immunotherapy, University of
Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Department
of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02152, United States
- Department
of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center,
BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University
of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse
13, Ludwigshafen/Rhine 67071, Germany
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Department
of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02152, United States
- Institute
of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz
Zentrum München, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Junqing Wang
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus
of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518100, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department
of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei
Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and
Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
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23
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ZDHHC16 restrains osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of CREB. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12788. [PMID: 36685387 PMCID: PMC9852670 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The osteogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) plays a critical role in fracture healing. Osteogenic differentiation is regulated by a variety of post-translational modifications, but the function of protein palmitoylation in osteogenesis remains largely unknown. Methods Osteogenic differentiation induction of hBMSCs was used in this study. RT‒qPCR and immunoblotting assays (WB) were used to test marker genes of osteogenic induction. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP staining and Alizarin red staining were performed to evaluate osteogenesis of hBMSCs. Signal finder pathway reporter array, co-immunoprecipitation and WB were applied to elucidate the molecular mechanism. A mouse fracture model was used to verify the in vivo function of the ZDHHC inhibitor. Key findings We revealed that palmitic acid inhibited Runx2 mRNA expression in hBMSCs and identified ZDHHC16 as a potential target palmitoyl acyltransferase. In addition, ZDHHC16 decreased during osteogenic induction. Next, we confirmed the inhibitory function of ZDHHC16 by its knockdown or overexpression during osteogenesis of hBMSCs. Moreover, we illustrated that ZDHHC16 inhibited the phosphorylation of CREB, thus inhibiting osteogenesis of hBMSCs by enhancing the palmitoylation of CREB. With a mouse femur fracture model, we found that 2-BP, a general inhibitor of ZDHHCs, promoted fracture healing in vivo. Thus, we clarified the inhibitory function of ZDHHC16 during osteogenic differentiation. Significance Collectively, these findings highlight the inhibitory function of ZDHHC16 in osteogenesis as a potential therapy method for fracture healing.
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24
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Wang Z, Wen S, Zhong M, Yang Z, Xiong W, Zhang K, Yang S, Li H, Guo S. Epigenetics: Novel crucial approach for osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231175364. [PMID: 37342486 PMCID: PMC10278427 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231175364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone has a robust regenerative potential, but its capacity to repair critical-sized bone defects is limited. In recent years, stem cells have attracted significant interest for their potential in tissue engineering. Applying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for enhancing bone regeneration is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, maintaining optimal cell efficacy or viability of MSCs is limited by several factors. Epigenetic modification can cause changes in gene expression levels without changing its sequence, mainly including nucleic acids methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. This modification is believed to be one of the determinants of MSCs fate and differentiation. Understanding the epigenetic modification of MSCs can improve the activity and function of stem cells. This review summarizes recent advances in the epigenetic mechanisms of MSCs differentiation into osteoblast lineages. We expound that epigenetic modification of MSCs can be harnessed to treat bone defects and promote bone regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Si Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiqi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ziming Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shude Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huizheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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25
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Fan D, Lu J, Yu N, Xie Y, Zhen L. Curcumin Prevents Diabetic Osteoporosis through Promoting Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis Coupling via NF- κB Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:4974343. [PMID: 36387354 PMCID: PMC9663221 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4974343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a metabolic disease which is characterized by impaired bone microarchitecture and reduced bone mineral density resulting from hyperglycemia. Curcumin, an effective component extracted from Curcuma longa, exhibits antioxidation, regulation of bone metabolism and hypoglycemic effects. The BMSC-mediated osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling seems to be important in bone formation and regeneration. We aimed to explore the effect of curcumin on BMSC-mediated osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling in high glucose conditions and underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that high glucose impaired the osteogenic and proangiogenic ability of BMSCs and that curcumin pretreatment rescued the BMSC dysfunction induced by high-concentration glucose. Inhibition of the high glucose-activated NF-κB signaling pathway has been found to contribute to the protective effects of curcumin on high glucose-inhibited coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in BMSCs. Furthermore, accelerated bone loss and decreased type H vessels were observed in diabetic osteoporosis mice models. However, curcumin treatment prevented bone loss and promoted vessel formation in diabetic osteoporosis mice. Based on these results, we concluded that curcumin ameliorated diabetic osteoporosis by recovering the osteogenesis and angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs in hyperglycemia, partly through inhibiting the high glucose-activated NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Fan
- Department of Pathology, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Jiuqing Lu
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Nijia Yu
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yajia Xie
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Lei Zhen
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
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26
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Kushwaha AC, Mohanbhai SJ, Sardoiwala MN, Jaganathan M, Karmakar S, Roy Choudhury S. Nanoemulsified Genistein and Vitamin D Mediated Epigenetic Regulation to Inhibit Osteoporosis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3810-3818. [PMID: 36005299 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance in the bone remodeling process with more bone resorption by osteoclasts compared to bone formation by osteoblasts results in a metabolic bone disorder known as osteoporosis. This condition reduces the bone mineral density and increases the risk of fractures due to low bone mass and disrupted bone microarchitecture. Osteoclastogenesis increases when the receptor activator NFκB ligand (RANKL) on the osteoblast surface binds to the receptor activator NFκB (RANK) on the osteoclast surface and the function of the decoy receptor of RANKL, osteoprotegrin, is compromised due to external stimuli such as heparin and lipopolysaccharides. The RANK/RANKL axis promotes the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) expression, which in turn increases the histone methyltransferase activity of EzH2 and EzH1 for the epigenetic regulation of osteoclastogenesis-related genes. Genistein counteracts NFκB-induced osteoclastogenesis and downstream signaling through the direct regulation of histone methyltransferase, EzH2 and EzH1, transcription. However, genistein possesses limitations like low bioavailability, low water solubility, high estrogen activity, and thyroid side effects, which obstruct its therapeutic usage. Here, the nanoemulsified formulation of genistein with vitamin D was utilized to circumvent the limitations of genistein so that it can be utilized for therapeutic purposes in osteoporosis management. The nanoemulsification of genistein and vitamin D was performed through the spontaneous emulsification using Tween 80 and medium chain triglyceride oil as an organic phase. The physiologically stable and biocompatible combination of the genistein and vitamin D nanoemulsion (GVNE) exhibited the controlled release pattern of genistein with Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models under different pH conditions (7.4, 6.5, and 1.2). The GVNE potentially enhanced the therapeutic efficacy under in vitro osteoporosis models and helped restore disease parameters like alkaline phosphatase activity, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, and the formation of multinuclear giant cells. Molecularly, the GVNE overturned the LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis by downregulation of NFκB expression along with its binding on EzH2 and EzH1 promoters. GVNE effects on the osteoporosis model established it as an efficient antiosteoporotic therapy. This nanonutraceutical-based formulation provides an epigenetic regulation of osteoporosis management and opens new avenues for alternate epigenetic therapies for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Chandra Kushwaha
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Soni Jignesh Mohanbhai
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mohammed Nadim Sardoiwala
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mahendran Jaganathan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Surajit Karmakar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Subhasree Roy Choudhury
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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27
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He M, Lei H, He X, Liu Y, Wang A, Ren Z, Liu X, Yan G, Wang W, Wang Y, Li G, Wang T, Pu J, Shen Z, Wang Y, Xie J, Du W, Yuan Y, Yang L. METTL14 Regulates Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Inducing Autophagy Through m6A/IGF2BPs/Beclin-1 Signal Axis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:987-1001. [PMID: 35980318 PMCID: PMC9492283 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of osteoporosis is often accompanied by autophagy disturbance, which also causes new osteoblast defects from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) is the main enzyme for N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs, and it has been implicated in many bioprocesses. Herein, we demonstrate that METTL14 plays a critical role in autophagy induction and hinders osteoporosis process whose expression is decreased both in human osteoporosis bone tissue and ovariectomy (OVX) mice. In vivo, METTL14+/− knockdown mice exhibit elevated bone loss and impaired autophagy similar to the OVX mice, while overexpression of METTL14 significantly promotes bone formation and inhibits the progression of osteoporosis caused by OVX surgery. In vitro, METTL14 overexpression significantly enhances the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs through regulating the expression of beclin-1 depending on m6A modification and inducing autophagy; the opposite is true with METTL14 silencing. Subsequently, m6A-binding proteins IGF2BP1/2/3 recognize m6A-methylated beclin-1 mRNA and promote its translation via mediating RNA stabilization. Furthermore, METTL14 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, our study reveals the METTL14/IGF2BPs/beclin-1 signal axis in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and highlights the critical roles of METTL14-mediated m6A modification in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gege Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Pu
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanquan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Xie
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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28
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Abstract
Over the course of a human lifespan, genome integrity erodes, leading to an increased abundance of several types of chromatin changes. The abundance of DNA lesions (chemical perturbations to nucleotides) increases with age, as does the number of genomic mutations and transcriptional disruptions caused by replication or transcription of those lesions, respectively. At the epigenetic level, precise DNA methylation patterns degrade, likely causing increasingly stochastic variations in gene expression. Similarly, the tight regulation of histone modifications begins to unravel. The genomic instability caused by these mechanisms allows transposon element reactivation and remobilization, further mutations, gene dysregulation, and cytoplasmic chromatin fragments. This cumulative genomic instability promotes cell signaling events that drive cell fate decisions and extracellular communications known to disrupt tissue homeostasis and regeneration. In this Review, we focus on age-related epigenetic changes and their interactions with age-related genomic changes that instigate these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Soto-Palma
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics
| | - Christopher D. Faulk
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism
- Department of Animal Science, and
| | - Xiao Dong
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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29
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Dudakovic A, Jerez S, Deosthale PJ, Denbeigh JM, Paradise CR, Gluscevic M, Zan P, Begun DL, Camilleri ET, Pichurin O, Khani F, Thaler R, Lian JB, Stein GS, Westendorf JJ, Plotkin LI, van Wijnen AJ. MicroRNA-101a enhances trabecular bone accrual in male mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13361. [PMID: 35922466 PMCID: PMC9349183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput microRNA sequencing was performed during differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to develop working hypotheses for specific microRNAs that control osteogenesis. The expression data show that miR-101a, which targets the mRNAs for the epigenetic enzyme Ezh2 and many other proteins, is highly upregulated during osteoblast differentiation and robustly expressed in mouse calvaria. Transient elevation of miR-101a suppresses Ezh2 levels, reduces tri-methylation of lysine 27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3; a heterochromatic mark catalyzed by Ezh2), and accelerates mineralization of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. We also examined skeletal phenotypes of an inducible miR-101a transgene under direct control of doxycycline administration. Experimental controls and mir-101a over-expressing mice were exposed to doxycycline in utero and postnatally (up to 8 weeks of age) to maximize penetrance of skeletal phenotypes. Male mice that over-express miR-101a have increased total body weight and longer femora. MicroCT analysis indicate that these mice have increased trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number and trabecular thickness with reduced trabecular spacing as compared to controls. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in osteoid volume to bone volume and osteoid surface to bone surface. Remarkably, while female mice also exhibit a significant increase in bone length, no significant changes were noted by microCT (trabecular bone parameters) and histomorphometry (osteoid parameters). Hence, miR-101a upregulation during osteoblast maturation and the concomitant reduction in Ezh2 mediated H3K27me3 levels may contribute to the enhanced trabecular bone parameters in male mice. However, the sex-specific effect of miR-101a indicates that more intricate epigenetic mechanisms mediate physiological control of bone formation and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Sofia Jerez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Padmini J Deosthale
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Janet M Denbeigh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christopher R Paradise
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Martina Gluscevic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pengfei Zan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dana L Begun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Oksana Pichurin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Farzaneh Khani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jane B Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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30
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Mi J, Wang S, Liu P, Liu C, Zhuang D, Leng X, Zhang Q, Bai F, Feng Q, Wu X. CUL4B Upregulates RUNX2 to Promote the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Epigenetically Repressing the Expression of miR-320c and miR-372/373-3p. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:921663. [PMID: 35784474 PMCID: PMC9243338 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.921663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within the periodontal ligament (PDL), termed periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), have a self-renewing capability and a multidirectional differentiation potential. The molecular mechanisms that regulate multidirectional differentiation, such as the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, remain to be elucidated. Cullin 4B (CUL4B), which assembles the CUL4B-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL4B) complex, is involved in regulating a variety of developmental and physiological processes including the skeletal development and stemness of cancer stem cells. However, nothing is known about the possible role of CUL4B in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Here, we found that knockdown of CUL4B decreased the proliferation, migration, stemness and osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CUL4B cooperates with the PRC2 complex to repress the expression of miR-320c and miR-372/373-3p, which results in the upregulation of RUNX2, a master transcription factor (TF) that regulates osteogenic differentiation. In brief, the present study reveals the role of CUL4B as a new regulator of osteogenic differentiation in PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Mi, ; Xunwei Wu,
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Dexuan Zhuang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Leng
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Fuxiang Bai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xunwei Wu
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University and Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration, Ningbo Stomatology Hospital, Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Ningbo, China
- Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Mi, ; Xunwei Wu,
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Allegra A, Casciaro M, Barone P, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Epigenetic Crosstalk between Malignant Plasma Cells and the Tumour Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112597. [PMID: 35681577 PMCID: PMC9179362 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma, cells of the bone marrow microenvironment have a relevant responsibility in promoting the growth, survival, and drug resistance of multiple myeloma plasma cells. In addition to the well-recognized role of genetic lesions, microenvironmental cells also present deregulated epigenetic systems. However, the effect of epigenetic changes in reshaping the tumour microenvironment is still not well identified. An assortment of epigenetic regulators, comprising histone methyltransferases, histone acetyltransferases, and lysine demethylases, are altered in bone marrow microenvironmental cells in multiple myeloma subjects participating in disease progression and prognosis. Aberrant epigenetics affect numerous processes correlated with the tumour microenvironment, such as angiogenesis, bone homeostasis, and extracellular matrix remodelling. This review focuses on the interplay between epigenetic alterations of the tumour milieu and neoplastic cells, trying to decipher the crosstalk between these cells. We also evaluate the possibility of intervening specifically in modified signalling or counterbalancing epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Paola Barone
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
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Epigenetic therapy targeting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for age-related bone diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:201. [PMID: 35578312 PMCID: PMC9109405 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02852-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As global aging accelerates, the prevention and treatment of age-related bone diseases are becoming a critical issue. In the process of senescence, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) gradually lose the capability of self-renewal and functional differentiation, resulting in impairment of bone tissue regeneration and disorder of bone tissue homeostasis. Alteration in epigenetic modification is an essential factor of BMSC dysfunction during aging. Its transferability and reversibility provide the possibility to combat BMSC aging by reversing age-related modifications. Emerging evidence demonstrates that epigenetic therapy based on aberrant epigenetic modifications could alleviate the senescence and dysfunction of stem cells. This review summarizes potential therapeutic targets for BMSC aging, introduces some potential approaches to alleviating BMSC aging, and analyzes its prospect in the clinical application of age-related bone diseases.
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Rummukainen P, Tarkkonen K, Dudakovic A, Al-Majidi R, Nieminen-Pihala V, Valensisi C, Hawkins RD, van Wijnen AJ, Kiviranta R. Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) epigenetically controls osteoblast differentiation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265027. [PMID: 35255108 PMCID: PMC8901060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms regulate osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Histone methylation is controlled by multiple lysine demethylases and is an important step in controlling local chromatin structure and gene expression. Here, we show that the lysine-specific histone demethylase Kdm1A/Lsd1 is abundantly expressed in osteoblasts and that its suppression impairs osteoblast differentiation and bone nodule formation in vitro. Although Lsd1 knockdown did not affect global H3K4 methylation levels, genome-wide ChIP-Seq analysis revealed high levels of Lsd1 at gene promoters and its binding was associated with di- and tri-methylation of histone 3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). Lsd1 binding sites in osteoblastic cells were enriched for the Runx2 consensus motif suggesting a functional link between the two proteins. Importantly, inhibition of Lsd1 activity decreased osteoblast activity in vivo. In support, mesenchymal-targeted knockdown of Lsd1 led to decreased osteoblast activity and disrupted primary spongiosa ossification and reorganization in vivo. Together, our studies demonstrate that Lsd1 occupies Runx2-binding cites at H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 and its activity is required for proper bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kati Tarkkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Rana Al-Majidi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Cristina Valensisi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - R. David Hawkins
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AJW); (RK)
| | - Riku Kiviranta
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail: (AJW); (RK)
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Hu CH, Sui BD, Liu J, Dang L, Chen J, Zheng CX, Shi S, Zhao N, Dang MY, He XN, Zhang LQ, Gao PP, Chen N, Kuang HJ, Chen K, Xu XL, Yu XR, Zhang G, Jin Y. Sympathetic Neurostress Drives Osteoblastic Exosomal MiR-21 Transfer to Disrupt Bone Homeostasis and Promote Osteopenia. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2100763. [PMID: 35312228 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Innervation and extracellular vesicle secretion co-exist in the local tissue microenvironment for message transfer, but whether they are interconnected to regulate organ homeostasis remains unknown. Sympatho-adrenergic activation is implicated in stress-induced depression and leads to bone loss, but the mechanisms and therapeutics are incompletely elucidated. Here, it is revealed that sympathetic neurostress through the β1/2 -adrenergic receptor (β1/2-AR) signaling triggers the transcription response of a microRNA, miR-21, in osteoblasts, which is transferred to osteoclast progenitors via exosomes for dictating osteoclastogenesis. After confirming that miR-21 deficiency retards the β1/2-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO)-induced osteopenia, it is shown that the pharmacological inhibition of exosome release by two clinically-relevant drugs, dimethyl amiloride and omeprazole, suppresses osteoblastic miR-21 transfer and ameliorates bone loss under both ISO and chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced depression conditions. A targeted delivery approach to specifically silence osteoblastic miR-21 is further applied, which is effective in rescuing the bone remodeling balance and ameliorating ISO- and CVS-induced osteopenias. These results decipher a previously unrecognized paradigm that neural cues drive exosomal microRNA communication to regulate organ homeostasis and help to establish feasible strategies to counteract bone loss under psychological stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Lei Dang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Min-Yan Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ping-Ping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hui-Juan Kuang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Xu
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterised by low bone mass, poor bone structure, and an increased risk of fracture, is a major public health problem. There is increasing evidence that the influence of the environment on gene expression, through epigenetic processes, contributes to variation in BMD and fracture risk across the lifecourse. Such epigenetic processes include DNA methylation, histone and chromatin modifications and non-coding RNAs. Examples of associations with phenotype include DNA methylation in utero linked to maternal vitamin D status, and to methylation of target genes such as OPG and RANKL being associated with osteoporosis in later life. Epigenome-wide association studies and multi-omics technologies have further revealed susceptibility loci, and histone acetyltransferases, deacetylases and methylases are being considered as therapeutic targets. This review encompasses recent advances in our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of bone mass and osteoporosis development, and outlines possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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36
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Teng JW, Bian SS, Kong P, Chen YG. Icariin triggers osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells by up-regulating miR-335–5p. Exp Cell Res 2022; 414:113085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Truong VA, Lin YH, Nguyen NTK, Hsu MN, Pham NN, Chang YH, Chang CW, Shen CC, Lee HS, Lai PL, Parfyonova YV, Menshikov M, Wu JC, Chang YH, Hu YC. Bi-directional gene activation and repression promote ASC differentiation and enhance bone healing in osteoporotic rats. Mol Ther 2022; 30:92-104. [PMID: 34450254 PMCID: PMC8753367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calvarial bone healing is challenging, especially for individuals with osteoporosis because stem cells from osteoporotic patients are highly prone to adipogenic differentiation. Based on previous findings that chondrogenic induction of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can augment calvarial bone healing, we hypothesized that activating chondroinductive Sox Trio genes (Sox5, Sox6, Sox9) and repressing adipoinductive genes (C/ebp-α, Ppar-γ) in osteoporotic ASCs can reprogram cell differentiation and improve calvarial bone healing after implantation. However, simultaneous gene activation and repression in ASCs is difficult. To tackle this problem, we built a CRISPR-BiD system for bi-directional gene regulation. Specifically, we built a CRISPR-AceTran system that exploited both histone acetylation and transcription activation for synergistic Sox Trio activation. We also developed a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system that exploited DNA methylation for repression of adipoinductive genes. We combined CRISPR-AceTran and CRISPRi to form the CRISPR-BiD system, which harnessed three mechanisms (transcription activation, histone acetylation, and DNA methylation). After delivery into osteoporotic rat ASCs, CRISPR-BiD significantly enhanced chondrogenesis and in vitro cartilage formation. Implantation of the engineered osteoporotic ASCs into critical-sized calvarial bone defects significantly improved bone healing in osteoporotic rats. These results implicated the potential of the CRISPR-BiD system for bi-directional regulation of cell fate and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nam Ngoc Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Sheng Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yelena V. Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jaw-Ching Wu
- Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Corresponding author: Yu-Chen Hu, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Corresponding author: Yu-Han Chang, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
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38
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Epigenetic modifications of histones during osteoblast differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194780. [PMID: 34968769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In bone biology, epigenetics plays a key role in mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) commitment towards osteoblasts. It involves gene regulatory mechanisms governed by chromatin modulators. Predominant epigenetic mechanisms for efficient osteogenic differentiation include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. Among these mechanisms, histone modifications critically contribute to altering chromatin configuration. Histone based epigenetic mechanisms are an essential mediator of gene expression during osteoblast differentiation as it directs the bivalency of the genome. Investigating the importance of histone modifications in osteogenesis may lead to the development of epigenetic-based remedies for genetic disorders of bone. Hence, in this review, we have highlighted the importance of epigenetic modifications such as post-translational modifications of histones, including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and their role in the activation or suppression of gene expression during osteoblast differentiation. Further, we have emphasized the future advancements in the field of epigenetics towards orthopaedical therapeutics.
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39
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Cao X, He W, Rong K, Xu S, Chen Z, Liang Y, Han S, Zhou Y, Yang X, Ma H, Qin A, Zhao J. DZNep promotes mouse bone defect healing via enhancing both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:605. [PMID: 34930462 PMCID: PMC8686256 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a novel oncogene that can specifically trimethylate the histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) to transcriptionally inhibit the expression of downstream tumor-suppressing genes. As a small molecular inhibitor of EZH2, 3-Deazaneplanocin (DZNep) has been widely studied due to the role of tumor suppression. With the roles of epigenetic regulation of bone cells emerged in past decades, the property and molecular mechanism of DZNep on enhancing osteogenesis had been reported and attracted a great deal of attention recently. This study aims to elucidate the role of DZNep on EZH2-H3K27me3 axis and downstream factors during both osteoclasts and osteoblasts formation and the therapeutic possibility of DZNep on bone defect healing. Methods Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) cells were cultured, and their responsiveness to DZNep was evaluated by cell counting kit-8, TRAP staining assay, bone resorption assay, podosome actin belt. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) were cultured and their responsiveness to DZNep was evaluated by cell counting kit-8, ALP and AR staining assay. The expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt signaling pathway was determined by qPCR and western blotting. Mouse bone defect models were created, rescued by DZNep injection, and the effectiveness was evaluated by X-ray and micro-CT and histological staining. Results Consistent with the previous study that DZNep enhances osteogenesis via Wnt family member 1(Wnt1), Wnt6, and Wnt10a, our results showed that DZNep also promotes osteoblasts differentiation and mineralization through the EZH2-H3K27me3-Wnt4 axis. Furthermore, we identified that DZNep promoted the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation via facilitating the phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκB, and subsequently NF-κB nuclear translocation, which credit to the EZH2-H3K27me3-Foxc1 axis. More importantly, the enhanced osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis result in accelerated mice bone defect healing in vivo. Conclusion DZNep targeting EZH2-H3K27me3 axis facilitated the healing of mice bone defect via simultaneously enhancing osteoclastic bone resorption and promoting osteoblastic bone formation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02670-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankun Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Rong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenggui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, 355000, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Han
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, GuangxiASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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EZH2 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Proliferation and Osteogenesis through TLR4/MyD88/NF- κB Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:7625134. [PMID: 34899921 PMCID: PMC8654561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7625134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis induced by bacteria especially Gram-negative bacteria is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory disease worldwide. Emerging evidence supported that EZH2 plays a significant role in the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues. However, little information is available regarding the underlying mechanism of EZH2 in periodontitis. This study is aimed at determining the potential role and underlying mechanism of EZH2 in periodontitis. Methods The protein levels of EZH2, H3K27ME, p-p65, p-IKB, TLR4, MyD88, Runx2, and OCN were examined by western blot assay. Proliferation was evaluated by CCK8 assay. The levels of TNFα, IL1β, and IL6 were detected by ELISA assay. Migration was detected by wound healing assay. The distribution of p65 was detected by immunofluorescence. The formation of mineralized nodules was analyzed using alizarin red staining. Results LPS stimulation significantly promoted EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression in primary human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Targeting EZH2 prevented LPS-induced upregulation of the inflammatory cytokines and inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, EZH2 knockdown attenuated the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling to facilitate PDLSC osteogenesis. Conclusions Modulation of the NF-κB pathway through the inhibition of EZH2 may offer a new perspective on the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis.
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Su X, Zhang H, Lei F, Wang R, Lin T, Liao L. Epigenetic therapy attenuates oxidative stress in BMSCs during ageing. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:375-384. [PMID: 34874118 PMCID: PMC8743666 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a hallmark of ageing, inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in long bone. The dysfunction of the cellular antioxidant defence system is a critical cause of oxidative stress, but the mechanism of the decline of antioxidant defence in senescent stem cells remains elusive. Here, we found that EZH2, an epigenetic regulator of histone methylation, acted as a suppressor of the antioxidative defence system in BMSCs from the femur. The increased EZH2 led to a decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes and exaggerated oxidative damage in aged BMSCs, resulting in the defect of bone formation and regeneration. Mechanistically, EZH2 enhanced the modification of H3K27me3 on the promoter of Foxo1 and suppressed its function to activate the downstream genes in antioxidant defence. Moreover, epigenetic therapy targeting EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 modification largely recovered the antioxidant defence in BMSCs and attenuate oxidative damage, leading to the recovery of the osteogenesis in old BMSCs. Taken together, our findings revealed novel crosstalk between histone epigenetic modification and oxidative stress during stem cell ageing, suggesting a possibility of epigenetic therapy in the recovery of BMSCs senescence and treatment of age-related bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengzhen Lei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu Z, Jia Y, Guo Y, Wang H, Fu R. Role of EZH2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and immune-cancer interactions. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 169:103547. [PMID: 34843930 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, methylation modification has been determined to be vital for the biological regulation of normal cells, tumor cells, and tumor microenvironment immune cells. Enhancer of zeste homology 2 (EZH2), a component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), catalyzes the trimethylation of the downstream gene in the tri-methylates histone three lysine 27 (H3K27me3) position, which causes chromatin pyknosis, and thus, silences the expression of related genes. In this paper, we reviewed the role of EZH2 in regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and the immune cell function in tumor microenvironment, summarized all types of existing EZH2 inhibitors and the main clinical trials, and proposed relevant ideas for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
| | - Yue Jia
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
| | - Yixuan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.
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Li J, Lu L, Liu Y, Yu X. Bone marrow adiposity during pathologic bone loss: molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular events. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:167-183. [PMID: 34751809 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) is a heterogeneous niche where bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, adipocytes, hematopoietic cells, and immune cells coexist. The cellular composition of BM changes with various pathophysiological states. A reduction in osteoblast number and a concomitant increase in adipocyte number in aging and pathological conditions put bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) into spotlight. Accumulating evidence strongly supports that an overwhelming production of BMAT is a major contributor to bone loss disorders. Therefore, BMAT-targeted therapy can be an efficient and feasible intervention for osteoporosis. However, compared to blocking bone-destroying molecules produced by BMAT, suppressing BMAT formation is theoretically a more effective and fundamental approach in treating osteoporotic bone diseases. Thus, a deep insight into the molecular basis underlying increased BM adiposity during pathologic bone loss is critical to formulate strategies for therapeutically manipulating BMAT. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs as well as the interaction between bone marrow adipocytes and osteoclasts. More importantly, we further discuss the potential clinical implications of therapeutically targeting the upstream of BMAT formation in bone loss diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Xu Y, Ma J, Xu G, Ma D. Recent advances in the epigenetics of bone metabolism. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:914-924. [PMID: 34250565 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common form of metabolic bone disease that is costly to treat and is primarily diagnosed on the basis of bone mineral density. As the influences of genetic lesions and environmental factors are increasingly studied in the pathological development of osteoporosis, regulated epigenetics are emerging as the important pathogenesis mechanisms in osteoporosis. Recently, osteoporosis genome-wide association studies and multi-omics technologies have revealed that susceptibility loci and the misregulation of epigenetic modifiers are key factors in osteoporosis. Over the past decade, extensive studies have demonstrated epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone/chromatin modifications, and non-coding RNAs, as potential contributing factors in osteoporosis that affect disease initiation and progression. Herein, we review recent advances in epigenetics in osteoporosis, with a focus on exploring the underlying mechanisms and potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarker applications for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, ENT Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Spine Surgical Center, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 20000, China.
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Paradise CR, De La Vega RE, Galvan ML, Carrasco ME, Thaler R, van Wijnen AJ, Dudakovic A. Brd4 Inactivation Increases Adenoviral Delivery of BMP2 for Paracrine Stimulation of Osteogenic Differentiation as a Gene Therapeutic Concept to Enhance Bone Healing. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10520. [PMID: 34693189 PMCID: PMC8520065 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain (BRD) proteins are histone code interpreters that recognize acetylated lysines and link the dynamic state of chromatin with the transcriptional machinery. Here, we demonstrate that ablation of the Brd4 gene in primary mouse bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells via a conditional Brd4fl/fl allele suppresses osteogenic lineage commitment. Remarkably, loss of Brd4 function also enhances expression of genes in engineered adenoviral vectors, including Cre recombinase and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Similarly, vector‐based expression of BMP2 mRNA and protein levels are enhanced upon Brd4 depletion in cells transduced with an adenoviral vector that expresses BMP2 (Ad‐BMP2). Importantly, Brd4 depletion in MC3T3‐E1 and human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) transduced with Ad‐BMP2 enhances osteogenic differentiation of naïve MC3T3‐E1 cells via paracrine mechanisms based on transwell and conditioned medium studies. Our studies indicate that Brd4 depletion enhances adenoviral transgene expression in mammalian cells, which can be leveraged as a therapeutic strategy to improve viral vector‐based gene therapies. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Paradise
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Rodolfo E De La Vega
- Musculosketal Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.,Department IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - M Lizeth Galvan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | | | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
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Karadeniz F, Oh JH, Jo HJ, Seo Y, Kong CS. Myricetin 3- O-β-D-Galactopyranoside Exhibits Potential Anti-Osteoporotic Properties in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Stimulation of Osteoblastogenesis and Suppression of Adipogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:2690. [PMID: 34685670 PMCID: PMC8534343 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive substances are promising lead compounds with beneficial effects on various health problems including osteoporosis. In this context, the goal of this study was to investigate the effect of myricetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (M3G), a glycoside of a known bioactive phytochemical myricetin, on bone formation via osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs). The hBM-MSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes in the presence or absence of M3G and the differentiation markers were analyzed. Osteoblastogenesis-induced cells treated with M3G exhibited stimulated differentiation markers: cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and extracellular mineralization. In terms of intracellular signaling behind the stimulatory effect of M3G, the expression of RUNX2 and osteopontin transcription factors were upregulated. It has been shown that M3G treatment increased the activation of Wnt and BMP as a suggested mechanism of action for its effect. On the other hand, M3G treatment during adipogenesis-inducement of hBM-MSCs hindered the adipogenic differentiation shown as decreased lipid accumulation and expression of PPARγ, SREBP1c, and C/EBPα, adipogenic transcription factors. In conclusion, M3G treatment stimulated osteoblast differentiation and inhibited adipocyte differentiation in induced hBM-MSCs. Osteoblast formation was stimulated via Wnt/BMP and adipogenesis was inhibited via the PPARγ pathway. This study provided necessary data for further studies to utilize the therapeutic potential of M3G against osteoporosis via regulation of bone marrow stromal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea; (F.K.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Jung Hwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea; (F.K.); (J.H.O.)
| | - Hyun Jin Jo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea;
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Marine Bioscience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea;
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea; (F.K.); (J.H.O.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea;
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Wruck W, Graffmann N, Spitzhorn LS, Adjaye J. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Acquire Rejuvenation and Reduced Heterogeneity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717772. [PMID: 34604216 PMCID: PMC8481886 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the uniform selection criteria for the isolation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), considerable heterogeneity exists which reflects the distinct tissue origins and differences between individuals with respect to their genetic background and age. This heterogeneity is manifested by the variabilities seen in the transcriptomes, proteomes, secretomes, and epigenomes of tissue-specific MSCs. Here, we review literature on different aspects of MSC heterogeneity including the role of epigenetics and the impact of MSC heterogeneity on therapies. We then combine this with a meta-analysis of transcriptome data from distinct MSC subpopulations derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, cruciate, tonsil, kidney, umbilical cord, fetus, and induced pluripotent stem cells derived MSCs (iMSCs). Beyond that, we investigate transcriptome differences between tissue-specific MSCs and pluripotent stem cells. Our meta-analysis of numerous MSC-related data sets revealed markers and associated biological processes characterizing the heterogeneity and the common features of MSCs from various tissues. We found that this heterogeneity is mainly related to the origin of the MSCs and infer that microenvironment and epigenetics are key drivers. The epigenomes of MSCs alter with age and this has a profound impact on their differentiation capabilities. Epigenetic modifications of MSCs are propagated during cell divisions and manifest in differentiated cells, thus contributing to diseased or healthy phenotypes of the respective tissue. An approach used to reduce heterogeneity caused by age- and tissue-related epigenetic and microenvironmental patterns is the iMSC concept: iMSCs are MSCs generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). During iMSC generation epigenetic and chromatin remodeling result in a gene expression pattern associated with rejuvenation thus allowing to overcome age-related shortcomings (e.g., limited differentiation and proliferation capacity). The importance of the iMSC concept is underlined by multiple clinical trials. In conclusion, we propose the use of rejuvenated iMSCs to bypass tissue- and age-related heterogeneity which are associated with native MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasco Wruck
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Graffmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Downregulated fat mass and obesity-associated protein inhibits bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis by nuclear factor-kappa B inactivation. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110137. [PMID: 34469786 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During osteoporosis, fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) promotes the shift of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes and represses osteoblast activity. However, the role and mechanisms of FTO on osteoclast formation and bone resorption remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of FTO on RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow monocytes (BMMs)-derived osteoclasts in vitro and observed the influence of FTO on ovariectomized (OVX) mice model to mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis in vivo. Results found that FTO was up-regulated in BMMs from OVX mice. Double immunofluorescence assay showed co-localization of FTO with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in femurs of OVX mice. FTO overexpression enhanced TRAP-positive osteoclasts and F-actin ring formation in RAW264.7 cells upon RANKL stimulation. The expression of osteoclast differentiation-related genes, including nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) and c-FOS, was upregulated in BMMs and RAW264.7 cells after FTO overexpression. FTO overexpression induced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in BMMs and RAW264.7 cells exposed to RANKL. ChIP and dual-luciferase assays revealed that FTO overexpression contributed to RANKL-induced binding of NF-κB to NFATc1 promoter. Rescue experiments suggested that FTO overexpression-mediated osteoclast differentiation was suppressed after intervention with a NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Further in vivo evidence revealed that FTO knockdown increased bone trabecula and bone mineral density, inhibited bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis in osteoporotic mice. Collectively, our research demonstrates that downregulated FTO inhibits bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB inactivation, which provides a novel reference for osteoporosis treatment.
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Galvan ML, Paradise CR, Kubrova E, Jerez S, Khani F, Thaler R, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ. Multiple pharmacological inhibitors targeting the epigenetic suppressor enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2) accelerate osteoblast differentiation. Bone 2021; 150:115993. [PMID: 33940225 PMCID: PMC8217219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal development and bone formation are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms that either repress or enhance osteogenic commitment of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and osteoblasts. The transcriptional suppressive trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) hinders differentiation of pre-committed osteoblasts. Osteoblast maturation can be stimulated by genetic loss of the H3K27 methyltransferase Ezh2 which can also be mimicked pharmacologically using the classical Ezh2 inhibitor GSK126. Identification of other Ezh2 inhibitors (iEzh2) that enhance osteogenic potential would increase chemical options for developing new bone stimulatory compounds. In this study, we examined a panel of iEzh2s and show that all eight inhibitors we tested are capable of accelerating osteoblast differentiation to different degrees at concentrations that are well below cytotoxic concentrations. Inhibition of Ezh2 is commensurate with loss of cellular H3K27me3 levels while forced expression of Ezh2 reverses the effect of Ezh2 suppression. Reduced Ezh2 function by siRNA depletion of Ezh2 mRNA and protein levels also stimulates osteoblastogenesis, consistent with the specificity of iEzh2 to target the active site of Ezh2. Diminished Ezh2 levels preempt the effects of iEzh2s on H3K27me3. GSK126, EPZ-6438 and siRNA depletion of Ezh2 each are effective in reducing H3K27me3 levels. However, EPZ-6438 is more potent than GSK126 in stimulating osteoblastogenesis, as reflected by increased extracellular matrix mineralization. Collectively, our data indicate that Ezh2 inhibitors properly target Ezh2 consistent with their biochemical affinities. The range of compounds capable of promoting osteogenesis presented in this study offers the opportunity to develop diverse bone anabolic strategies for distinct clinical scenarios, including spine fusion, non-union of bone and dental implant enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lizeth Galvan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Christopher R Paradise
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eva Kubrova
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Sofia Jerez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Farzaneh Khani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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50
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Gao X, Xue Y, Yang K. LINC00899 promotes osteogenic differentiation by targeting miR-374a and RUNX2 expression. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1071. [PMID: 34447464 PMCID: PMC8355664 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating researches indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) osteogenic differentiation. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 899 (LINC00899) in osteoporosis. Therefore, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of LINC00899, microRNA (miR)-374a and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in clinical tissues and hBMSCs. The potential interaction between miR-374a and LINC00899 or RUNX2 was predicted utilizing the StarBase software and verified by luciferase reporter and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity and Alizarin Red S staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic potential of hBMSCs. The results showed that the expression levels of LINC00899 were gradually increased, whilst those of miR-374a were decreased as the osteogenic induction process progresses. Additionally, the expression of LINC00899 was downregulated in the bone tissues of patients with osteoporosis, where LINC00899 knockdown reduced the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and RUNX2 in hBMSCs. LINC00899 was also found to directly target miR-374a, thereby inhibiting its expression. Finally, it was predicted that RUNX2 could be directly targeted by miR-374a, such that miR-374a silencing partially abolished the inhibitory effect of LINC00899 knockdown on the expression of RUNX2, OPN and OCN. Overall, findings of the present study suggested that LINC00899 could facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and prevent osteoporosis by sponging miR-374a to enhance the expression of RUNX2, which provide a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
| | - Kechun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, P.R. China
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