1
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Ryan N, Lamenza F, Shrestha S, Upadhaya P, Springer A, Jordanides P, Pracha H, Roth P, Kumar R, Wang Y, Vilgelm AE, Satoskar A, Oghumu S. Host derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor expression attenuates anti-tumoral immune cell accumulation and promotes immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167345. [PMID: 38992847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant public health concern worldwide. Immunomodulatory targets in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment are crucial to enhance the efficacy of HNSCC immunotherapy. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been linked to poor prognosis in many cancers, but the mechanistic role of MIF in HNSCC remains unclear. Using a murine orthotopic oral cancer model in Mif+/+ or Mif-/- mice, we determined the function of host derived MIF in HNSCC tumor development, metastasis as well as localized and systemic tumor immune responses. We observed that Mif-/- mice have decreased tumor growth and tumor burden compared to their wild-type counterparts. Flow cytometric analysis of immune populations within the primary tumor site revealed increased Th1 and cytotoxic T cell recruitment to the HNSCC tumor microenvironment. Within the tumors of Mif-/- mice, MIF deletion also enhanced the effector function of anti-tumoral effector CD8+ T cells as well as Th1 cells and decreased the accumulation of granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (g-MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, MDSCs isolated from tumor bearing mice chemotactically respond to MIF in a dose dependent manner. Taken together, our results demonstrate a chemotactic and immunomodulatory role for host derived MIF in promoting HNSCC and suggest that MIF targeted immunomodulation is a promising approach for HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Ryan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Felipe Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Suvekshya Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anna Springer
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Pete Jordanides
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hasan Pracha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peyton Roth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rathan Kumar
- Department of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medial Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yinchong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anna E Vilgelm
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abhay Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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2
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Molero-Glez P, Azpilikueta A, Mosteo L, Glez-Vaz J, Palencia B, Melero I. CD137 (4-1BB) and T-Lymphocyte Exhaustion. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:3971-3973. [PMID: 39120463 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB) costimulation results in the potent activation of antitumor T lymphocytes and elicits antitumor efficacy that is synergistic with anti-PD(L)1 checkpoint inhibitors, especially when using bispecific constructs. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that 4-1BB ligation prevents and may revert T-cell exhaustion. See related article by Jeon et al., p. 4155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Molero-Glez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Mosteo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Glez-Vaz
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Belen Palencia
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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3
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Wang K, Coutifaris P, Brocks D, Wang G, Azar T, Solis S, Nandi A, Anderson S, Han N, Manne S, Kiner E, Sachar C, Lucas M, George S, Yan PK, Kier MW, Laughlin AI, Kothari S, Giles J, Mathew D, Ghinnagow R, Alanio C, Flowers A, Xu W, Tenney DJ, Xu X, Amaravadi RK, Karakousis GC, Schuchter LM, Buggert M, Oldridge D, Minn AJ, Blank C, Weber JS, Mitchell TC, Farwell MD, Herati RS, Huang AC. Combination anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapy generates waves of clonal responses that include progenitor-exhausted CD8 + T cells. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1582-1597.e10. [PMID: 39214097 PMCID: PMC11387127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Combination checkpoint blockade with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies has shown promising efficacy in melanoma. However, the underlying mechanism in humans remains unclear. Here, we perform paired single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing across time in 36 patients with stage IV melanoma treated with anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, or combination therapy. We develop the algorithm Cyclone to track temporal clonal dynamics and underlying cell states. Checkpoint blockade induces waves of clonal T cell responses that peak at distinct time points. Combination therapy results in greater magnitude of clonal responses at 6 and 9 weeks compared to single-agent therapies, including melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells and exhausted CD8+ T cell (TEX) clones. Focused analyses of TEX identify that anti-CTLA-4 induces robust expansion and proliferation of progenitor TEX, which synergizes with anti-PD-1 to reinvigorate TEX during combination therapy. These next generation immune profiling approaches can guide the selection of drugs, schedule, and dosing for novel combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paulina Coutifaris
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Guanning Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tarek Azar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sabrina Solis
- Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ajeya Nandi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shaneaka Anderson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas Han
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Minke Lucas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Sangeeth George
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patrick K Yan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Melanie W Kier
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy I Laughlin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shawn Kothari
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Josephine Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Reem Ghinnagow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cecile Alanio
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm U932, Immunity and Cancer, 75005 Paris, France; Clinical Immunology and Immunomonitoring Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ahron Flowers
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Xiaowei Xu
- Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Giorgos C Karakousis
- Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lynn M Schuchter
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marcus Buggert
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Derek Oldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andy J Minn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christian Blank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Clinic of Regensburg (UKR), 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jeffrey S Weber
- Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tara C Mitchell
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael D Farwell
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ramin S Herati
- Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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4
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King HAD, Lewin SR. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in infectious disease. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39248154 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Following success in cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade is emerging as an exciting potential treatment for some infectious diseases, specifically two chronic viral infections, HIV and hepatitis B. Here, we will discuss the function of immune checkpoints, their role in infectious disease pathology, and the ability of immune checkpoint blockade to reinvigorate the immune response. We focus on blockade of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) to induce durable immune-mediated control of HIV, given that anti-PD-1 can restore function to exhausted HIV-specific T cells and also reverse HIV latency, a long-lived form of viral infection. We highlight several key studies and future directions of research in relation to anti-PD-1 and HIV persistence from our group, including the impact of immune checkpoint blockade on the establishment (AIDS, 2018, 32, 1491), maintenance (PLoS Pathog, 2016, 12, e1005761; J Infect Dis, 2017, 215, 911; Cell Rep Med, 2022, 3, 100766) and reversal of HIV latency (Nat Commun, 2019, 10, 814; J Immunol, 2020, 204, 1242), enhancement of HIV-specific T cell function (J Immunol, 2022, 208, 54; iScience, 2023, 26, 108165), and investigating the effects of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 in vivo in people with HIV on ART with cancer (Sci Transl Med, 2022, 14, eabl3836; AIDS, 2021, 35, 1631; Clin Infect Dis, 2021, 73, e1973). Our future work will focus on the impact of anti-PD-1 in vivo in people with HIV on ART without cancer and potential combinations of anti-PD-1 with other interventions, including therapeutic vaccines or antibodies and less toxic immune checkpoint blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A D King
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon R Lewin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Li X, Liu Y, Gui J, Gan L, Xue J. Cell Identity and Spatial Distribution of PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Responders. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400702. [PMID: 39248327 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis inhibits T cell activity, impairing anti-tumor immunity. Blocking this axis with therapeutic antibodies is one of the most promising anti-tumor immunotherapies. It has long been recognized that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade reinvigorates exhausted T (TEX) cells already present in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, recent advancements in high-throughput gene sequencing and bioinformatic tools have provided researchers with a more granular and dynamic insight into PD-1/PD-L1 blockade-responding cells, extending beyond the TME and TEX populations. This review provides an update on the cell identity, spatial distribution, and treatment-induced spatiotemporal dynamics of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade responders. It also provides a synopsis of preliminary reports of potential PD-1/PD-L1 blockade responders other than T cells to depict a panoramic picture. Important questions to answer in further studies and the translational and clinical potential of the evolving understandings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Li
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuanxin Liu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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6
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Im SJ, Lee K, Ha SJ. Harnessing IL-2 for immunotherapy against cancer and chronic infection: a historical perspective and emerging trends. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01301-3. [PMID: 39218982 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-2 therapy, which enhances the function of CD8 + T cells, was initially employed as the cornerstone of immunotherapy against cancer. However, the impact of this therapy extends beyond CD8 + T cells to cells expressing IL-2R, such as endothelial cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in various side effects. Consequently, IL-2 therapy has taken a step back from the forefront of treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and CTLA-4 antibodies, are used because of their durable therapeutic responses and the reduced incidence of side effects. Nevertheless, only a small fraction of cancer patients respond to ICIs, and research on IL-2 as a combination treatment to improve the efficacy of these ICIs is ongoing. To mitigate side effects, efforts have focused on developing IL-2 variants that do not strongly bind to cells expressing IL-2Rα and favor signaling through IL-2Rβγ. However, recent studies have suggested that, in the context of persistent antigen stimulation models, effective stimulation of antigen-specific exhausted CD8 + T cells in combination with PD-1 inhibitors requires either 1) binding to IL-2Rα or 2) delivery via a fusion with PD-1. This review explores the historical context of IL-2 as an immunotherapeutic agent and discusses future directions for its use in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Im
- Department of Immunology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Immunology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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7
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Zhang Y, Mi X, Zhang Y, Li J, Qin Y, He P, Zhao Y, Su B, He L. Immune checkpoint activity exacerbate renal interstitial fibrosis progression by enhancing PD-L1 expression in renal tubular epithelial cells. Transl Res 2024; 271:52-67. [PMID: 38723861 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is often associated with inflammatory cell infiltration and no effective therapy. Programmed death cell-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 were playing critical roles in T cell coinhibition and exhaustion, but the role in RIF is unclear. Here the data analyses of serum from 122 IgA nephrology (IgAN) patients showed that high level of soluble PD-1(sPD-1) was an independent risk factor for RIF and renal function progression. PD-L1 was also overexpressed in renal interstitial tissues from both IgAN patients with high level of sPD-1 and the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse. PD-L1 was significantly overexpressed in HK-2 cells with upregulated collagen and α-SMA when stimulated by inflammation or hypoxia in vitro. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2) could increase the level of sPD-1 in culture supernatant when added in co-culture system of HK-2 and jurkat cells, which implied serum sPD-1 of IgAN might be cleaved by MMP-2 from T cells infiltrated into the tubulointerstitial inflammatory microenvironment. Crucially, injection of PD-L1 fusion protein, the blocker of sPD-1, could ameliorate kidney fibrosis in UUO mice by increasing T cell coinhibition and exhaustion, suggesting the therapeutic potential of PD-L1 fusion targeting for renal fibrosis. Take together, it reveals a novel causal role of sPD-1 in serum and PD-L1 of renal interstitial tissues in the development of renal fibrosis of IgAN, and targeting sPD-1 in serum by PD-L1 fusion protein is a potential therapeutic approach to prevent renal fibrosis of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Mi
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China; Medical School of Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yunchao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jipeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunlong Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Binxiao Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lijie He
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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8
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Sacristán C, Youngblood BA, Lu P, Bally APR, Xu JX, McGary K, Hewitt SL, Boss JM, Skok JA, Ahmed R, Dustin ML. Chronic viral infection alters PD-1 locus subnuclear localization in cytotoxic CD8 + T cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114547. [PMID: 39083377 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
During chronic infection, virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) progressively lose their ability to mount effective antiviral responses. This "exhaustion" is coupled to persistent upregulation of inhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) (Pdcd1)-key in suppressing antiviral CTL responses. Here, we investigate allelic Pdcd1 subnuclear localization and transcription during acute and chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice. Pdcd1 alleles dissociate from transcriptionally repressive chromatin domains (lamin B) in virus-specific exhausted CTLs but not in naive or effector CTLs. Relative to naive CTLs, nuclear positioning and Pdcd1-lamina dissociation in exhausted CTLs reflect loss of Pdcd1 promoter methylation and greater PD-1 upregulation, although a direct correlation is not observed in effector cells, 8 days post-infection. Genetic deletion of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1) enhances Pdcd1-lamina dissociation in effector CTLs, suggesting that Blimp-1 contributes to maintaining Pdcd1 localization to repressive lamina. Our results identify mechanisms governing Pdcd1 subnuclear localization and the broader role of chromatin dynamics in T cell exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Sacristán
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben A Youngblood
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Immunology Department, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Peiyuan Lu
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alexander P R Bally
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jean Xiaojin Xu
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Katelyn McGary
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susannah L Hewitt
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy M Boss
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jane A Skok
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Emory Vaccine Center and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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9
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Keam S, Turner N, Kugeratski FG, Rico R, Colunga-Minutti J, Poojary R, Alekseev S, Patel AB, Li YJ, Sheshadri A, Loghin ME, Woodman K, Aaroe AE, Hamidi S, Iyer PC, Palaskas NL, Wang Y, Nurieva R. Toxicity in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1447021. [PMID: 39247203 PMCID: PMC11377343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1447021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) reinvigorate anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4). Although ICIs have had unprecedented success and have become the standard of care for many cancers, they are often accompanied by off-target inflammation that can occur in any organ system. These immune related adverse events (irAEs) often require steroid use and/or cessation of ICI therapy, which can both lead to cancer progression. Although irAEs are common, the detailed molecular and immune mechanisms underlying their development are still elusive. To further our understanding of irAEs and develop effective treatment options, there is pressing need for preclinical models recapitulating the clinical settings. In this review, we describe current preclinical models and immune implications of ICI-induced skin toxicities, colitis, neurological and endocrine toxicities, pneumonitis, arthritis, and myocarditis along with their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synat Keam
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Naimah Turner
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fernanda G Kugeratski
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rene Rico
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jocelynn Colunga-Minutti
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Sayan Alekseev
- College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- The Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT)-CURE Summer Undergraduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anisha B Patel
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuanteng Jeff Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Monica E Loghin
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Karin Woodman
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ashley E Aaroe
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sarah Hamidi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and HD, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyanka Chandrasekhar Iyer
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and HD, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roza Nurieva
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
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10
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Hashimoto-Tane A, Bowman EP, Sakuma M, Yoneda N, Yugi K, de Waal Malefyt R, Saito T. Dissociation of LAG-3 inhibitory cluster from TCR microcluster by immune checkpoint blockade. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444424. [PMID: 39234253 PMCID: PMC11371725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte activation gene (Lag)-3 is an inhibitory co-receptor and target of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for cancer. The dynamic behavior of Lag-3 was analyzed at the immune synapse upon T-cell activation to elucidate the Lag-3 inhibitory mechanism. Lag-3 formed clusters and co-localized with T-cell receptor microcluster (TCR-MC) upon T-cell activation similar to PD-1. Lag-3 blocking antibodies (Abs) inhibited the co-localization between Lag-3 and TCR-MC without inhibiting Lag-3 cluster formation. Lag-3 also inhibited MHC-II-independent stimulation and Lag-3 Ab, which did not block MHC-II binding could still block Lag-3's inhibitory function, suggesting that the Lag-3 Ab blocks the Lag-3 inhibitory signal by dissociating the co-assembly of TCR-MC and Lag-3 clusters. Consistent with the combination benefit of PD-1 and Lag-3 Abs to augment T-cell responses, bispecific Lag-3/PD-1 antagonists effectively inhibited both cluster formation and co-localization of PD-1 and Lag-3 with TCR-MC. Therefore, Lag-3 inhibits T-cell activation at TCR-MC, and the target of Lag-3 ICI is to dissociate the co-localization of Lag-3 with TCR-MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hashimoto-Tane
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Edward P Bowman
- Department of Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, United States
| | - Machie Sakuma
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Natsumi Yoneda
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Yugi
- Laboratory of Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Immunology Frontier of Immunology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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11
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Karim A, Garg R, Saikia B, Tiwari A, Sahu S, Malhotra M, Minz RW, Rawat A, Singh S, Suri D. Unraveling the unphosphorylated STAT3-unphosphorylated NF-κB pathway in loss of function STAT3 Hyper IgE syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1332817. [PMID: 39229272 PMCID: PMC11369709 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1332817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with loss of function signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-related Hyper IgE Syndrome (LOF STAT3 HIES) present with recurrent staphylococcal skin and pulmonary infections along with the elevated serum IgE levels, eczematous rashes, and skeletal and facial abnormalities. Defective STAT3 signaling results in reduced Th17 cells and an impaired IL-17/IL-22 response primarily due to a compromised canonical Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway that involves STAT3 phosphorylation, dimerization, nuclear translocation, and gene transcription. The non-canonical pathway involving unphosphorylated STAT3 and its role in disease pathogenesis, however, is unexplored in HIES. Objective This study aims to elucidate the role of unphosphorylated STAT3-unphosphorylated NF-κB (uSTAT3-uNF-κB) activation pathway in LOF STAT3 HIES patients. Methodology The mRNA expression of downstream molecules of unphosphorylated STAT3-unphosphorylated NF-κB pathway was studied in five LOF STAT3 HIES patients and transfected STAT3 mutants post-IL-6 stimulation. Immunoprecipitation assays were performed to assess the binding of STAT3 and NF-κB to RANTES promoter. Results A reduced expression of the downstream signaling molecules of the uSTAT3-uNF-κB complex pathway, viz., RANTES, STAT3, IL-6, IL-8, ICAM1, IL-8, ZFP36L2, CSF1, MRAS, and SOCS3, in LOF STAT3 HIES patients as well as the different STAT3 mutant plasmids was observed. Immunoprecipitation studies showed a reduced interaction of STAT3 and NF-κB to RANTES in HIES patients. Conclusion The reduced expression of downstream signaling molecules, specially RANTES and STAT3, confirmed the impaired uSTAT3-uNF-κB pathway in STAT3 LOF HIES. Decreased levels of RANTES and STAT3 could be a significant component in the disease pathogenesis of Hyper IgE Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Karim
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashi Garg
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Biman Saikia
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abha Tiwari
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Smrity Sahu
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mehak Malhotra
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjana W. Minz
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Surjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepti Suri
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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12
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Abdolmohammadi-Vahid S, Baradaran B, Adcock IM, Mortaz E. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and SARS-CoV2 infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112419. [PMID: 38865755 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) triggers coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which predominantly targets the respiratory tract. SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially severe COVID-19, is associated with dysregulated immune responses against the virus, including exaggerated inflammatory responses known as the cytokine storm, together with lymphocyte and NK cell dysfunction known as immune cell exhaustion. Overexpression of negative immune checkpoints such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 plays a considerable role in the dysfunction of immune cells upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blockade of these checkpoints has been suggested to improve the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients by promoting potent immune responses against the virus. In the current review, we provide an overview of the potential of checkpoint inhibitors to induce potent immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and improving the clinical outcome of severe COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Respiratory Section, Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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13
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Gavil NV, Cheng K, Masopust D. Resident memory T cells and cancer. Immunity 2024; 57:1734-1751. [PMID: 39142275 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells positively correlate with cancer survival, but the anti-tumor mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood. This review reconciles these observations, summarizing concepts of T cell immunosurveillance, fundamental TRM cell biology, and clinical observations on the role of TRM cells in cancer and immunotherapy outcomes. We also discuss emerging strategies that utilize TRM-phenotype cells for patient diagnostics, staging, and therapy. Current challenges are highlighted, including a lack of standardized T cell nomenclature and our limited understanding of relationships between T cell markers and underlying tumor biology. Existing findings are integrated into a summary of the field while emphasizing opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Veis Gavil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Katarina Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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14
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Ngiow SF, Manne S, Huang YJ, Azar T, Chen Z, Mathew D, Chen Q, Khan O, Wu JE, Alcalde V, Flowers AJ, McClain S, Baxter AE, Kurachi M, Shi J, Huang AC, Giles JR, Sharpe AH, Vignali DAA, Wherry EJ. LAG-3 sustains TOX expression and regulates the CD94/NKG2-Qa-1b axis to govern exhausted CD8 T cell NK receptor expression and cytotoxicity. Cell 2024; 187:4336-4354.e19. [PMID: 39121847 PMCID: PMC11337978 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells in chronic viral infection and cancer have sustained co-expression of inhibitory receptors (IRs). Tex cells can be reinvigorated by blocking IRs, such as PD-1, but synergistic reinvigoration and enhanced disease control can be achieved by co-targeting multiple IRs including PD-1 and LAG-3. To dissect the molecular changes intrinsic when these IR pathways are disrupted, we investigated the impact of loss of PD-1 and/or LAG-3 on Tex cells during chronic infection. These analyses revealed distinct roles of PD-1 and LAG-3 in regulating Tex cell proliferation and effector functions, respectively. Moreover, these studies identified an essential role for LAG-3 in sustaining TOX and Tex cell durability as well as a LAG-3-dependent circuit that generated a CD94/NKG2+ subset of Tex cells with enhanced cytotoxicity mediated by recognition of the stress ligand Qa-1b, with similar observations in humans. These analyses disentangle the non-redundant mechanisms of PD-1 and LAG-3 and their synergy in regulating Tex cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Foong Ngiow
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinghui Jane Huang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tarek Azar
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qingzhou Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Omar Khan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victor Alcalde
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ahron J Flowers
- Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sean McClain
- Tara Miller Melanoma Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makoto Kurachi
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dario A A Vignali
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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15
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Chen H, Wei J, Zhu Z, Hou Y. Multifaceted roles of PD-1 in tumorigenesis: From immune checkpoint to tumor cell-intrinsic function. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1436-1448. [PMID: 38751009 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), a key immune checkpoint receptor, has been extensively studied for its role in regulating immune responses in cancer. However, recent research has unveiled a complex and dual role for PD-1 in tumorigenesis. While PD-1 is traditionally associated with immune cells, this article explores its expression in various cancer cells and its impact on cancer progression. PD-1's functions extend beyond immune regulation, as it has been found to both promote and suppress tumor growth, depending on the cancer type. These findings have significant implications for the future of cancer treatment and our understanding of the immune response in the context of cancer. This article calls for further research into the multifaceted roles of PD-1 to optimize its therapeutic potential and improve patient outcomes in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiayu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Zhenjiang Stomatological Hospital, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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16
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Zebley CC, Zehn D, Gottschalk S, Chi H. T cell dysfunction and therapeutic intervention in cancer. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1344-1354. [PMID: 39025962 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have affirmed the curative potential of T cell-based approaches for treating relapsed and refractory cancers. However, the therapeutic efficacy is limited in part owing to the ability of cancers to evade immunosurveillance and adapt to immunological pressure. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of cancer-mediated immunosuppressive mechanisms with a specific focus on the repression of the surveillance and effector function of T cells. We discuss CD8+ T cell exhaustion and functional heterogeneity and describe strategies for targeting the molecular checkpoints that restrict T cell differentiation and effector function to bolster immunotherapeutic effects. We also delineate the emerging contributions of the tumor microenvironment to T cell metabolism and conclude by highlighting discovery-based approaches for developing future cellular therapies. Continued exploration of T cell biology and engineering hold great promise for advancing therapeutic interventions for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Zebley
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan and Center for Infection Prevention (ZIP), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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17
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Gao Z, Xu G, Wang S, Guo N, Yu Y, Wang X. Unusual presentation of PD-1 inhibitors in people living with HIV with advanced gastric cancer: Case report. Int J STD AIDS 2024; 35:733-738. [PMID: 38644514 DOI: 10.1177/09564624241248676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This paper seeks to determine the effect of combination anti-PD-1 and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on people living with HIV (PLWH) with advanced gastric cancer. In our case, a PLWH with recurrent locally advanced gastric cancer was treated with anti-PD-1 inhibitor and ART. A significant reduction in tumor lesions (as demonstrated by contrast-enhanced CT imaging) and a better quality of life were achieved following treatment. There have been limited studies on the treatment of PLWH with advanced gastric cancer. Chemotherapy is most often used, however, with unsatisfactory outcomes. to date, there have been no published reports on the use of PD-1 inhibitors in PLWH with advanced gastric cancer. Our report provides a valuable reference for future management of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidi Gao
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Branch of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao Branch of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hiser Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Branch of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Branch of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoni Wang
- Imaging Department, Qingdao Branch of Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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18
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Li TW, Park Y, Watters EG, Wang X, Zhou D, Fiches GN, Wu Z, Badley AD, Sacha JB, Ho WZ, Santoso NG, Qi J, Zhu J. KDM5A/B contribute to HIV-1 latent infection and survival of HIV-1 infected cells. Antiviral Res 2024; 228:105947. [PMID: 38925368 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Combinational antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral replication and pathogenesis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. However, HIV-1 remains in the latent stage of infection by suppressing viral transcription, which hinders an HIV-1 cure. One approach for an HIV-1 cure is the "shock and kill" strategy. The strategy focuses on reactivating latent HIV-1, inducing the viral cytopathic effect and facilitating the immune clearance for the elimination of latent HIV-1 reservoirs. Here, we reported that the H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3)-specific demethylase KDM5A/B play a role in suppressing HIV-1 Tat/LTR-mediated viral transcription in HIV-1 latent cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential of KDM5-specific inhibitor JQKD82 as an HIV-1 "shock and kill" agent. Our results showed that JQKD82 increases the H3K4me3 level at HIV-1 5' LTR promoter regions, HIV-1 reactivation, and the cytopathic effects in an HIV-1-latent T cell model. In addition, we identified that the combination of JQKD82 and AZD5582, a non-canonical NF-κB activator, generates a synergistic impact on inducing HIV-1 lytic reactivation and cell death in the T cell. The latency-reversing potency of the JQKD82 and AZD5582 pair was also confirmed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from HIV-1 aviremic patients and in an HIV-1 latent monocyte. In latently infected microglia (HC69) of the brain, either deletion or inhibition of KDM5A/B results in a reversal of the HIV-1 latency. Overall, we concluded that KDM5A/B function as a host repressor of the HIV-1 lytic reactivation and thus promote the latency and the survival of HIV-1 infected reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Youngmin Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Emily G Watters
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Dawei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Guillaume N Fiches
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Andrew D Badley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Wen-Zhe Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Netty G Santoso
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jun Qi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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19
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Nennig K, Murthy S, Maloney S, Shaw TM, Sharobim M, Matkovic E, Fadiran S, Larsen M, Ramuta MD, Kim AS, Teijaro JR, Grove J, Stremlau M, Sharma H, Trivedi S, Blum MJ, O’Connor DH, Hyde JL, Stapleton JT, Kapoor A, Bailey AL. Determinants of pegivirus persistence, cross-species infection, and adaptation in the laboratory mouse. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012436. [PMID: 39196893 PMCID: PMC11355568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses capable of causing persistent infection have developed sophisticated mechanisms for evading host immunity, and understanding these processes can reveal novel features of the host immune system. One such virus, human pegivirus (HPgV), infects ~15% of the global human population, but little is known about its biology beyond the fact that it does not cause overt disease. We passaged a pegivirus isolate of feral brown rats (RPgV) in immunodeficient laboratory mice to develop a mouse-adapted virus (maPgV) that established persistent high-titer infection in a majority of wild-type laboratory mice. maRPgV viremia was detected in the blood of mice for >300 days without apparent disease, closely recapitulating the hallmarks of HPgV infection in humans. We found a pro-viral role for type-I interferon in chronic infection; a lack of PD-1-mediated tolerance to PgV infection; and multiple mechanisms by which PgV immunity can be achieved by an immunocompetent host. These data indicate that the PgV immune evasion strategy has aspects that are both common and unique among persistent viral infections. The creation of maPgV represents the first PgV infection model in wild-type mice, thus opening the entire toolkit of the mouse host to enable further investigation of this persistent RNA virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Nennig
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Satyapramod Murthy
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sara Maloney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Teressa M. Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark Sharobim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Eduard Matkovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Simi Fadiran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Malorie Larsen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mitchell D. Ramuta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Arthur S. Kim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - John R. Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Joe Grove
- MRC-University of Glasgow Center for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Stremlau
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sheetal Trivedi
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Blum
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David H. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Hyde
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jack T. Stapleton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa and Iowa City Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Amit Kapoor
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Adam L. Bailey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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20
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Zhang W, Zeng M, Li Y, Yu L. Leveraging oncovirus-derived antigen against the viral malignancies in adoptive cell therapies. Biomark Res 2024; 12:71. [PMID: 39075601 PMCID: PMC11287861 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, prompting exploration into their application against oncoviruses. Oncoviruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) contribute significantly (12-25%) to human malignancies through direct or indirect oncogenic mechanisms. These viruses persistently or latently infect cells, disrupt cellular homeostasis and pathways, challenging current antiviral treatment paradigms. Moreover, viral infections pose additional risks in the setting of long-term cancer therapy and lead to morbidity and mortality. Virally encoded oncoproteins, which are tumor-restricted, immunologically foreign, and even uniformly expressed, represent promising targets for patient-tailored ACTs. This review elucidates the rationale for leveraging viral antigen-specific ACTs in combating viral-associated malignancies. On this basis, ongoing preclinical studies consolidate our understanding of harnessing ACTs against viral malignancies, underscoring their potential to eradicate viruses implicated in cancer progression. Furthermore, we scrutinize the current landscape of clinical trials focusing on virus-specific ACTs and discuss their implications for therapeutic advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical school, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical school, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yisheng Li
- Shenzhen Haoshi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, No. 155 Hongtian Road, Xinqiao Street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518125, China
- Haoshi Cell Therapy Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Haoshi Cell Therapy Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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21
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Mon HC, Lee PC, Hung YP, Hung YW, Wu CJ, Lee CJ, Chi CT, Lee IC, Hou MC, Huang YH. Functional cure of hepatitis B in patients with cancer undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)02425-5. [PMID: 39084471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can restore exhausted T cell immunity not only for cancer treatment but also potentially for curing chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The impact of ICIs on Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance in cancer patients was unclear. METHODS Consecutive cancer patients from 2016 to 2020 (Cohort 1, n=118), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients from 2020 to 2022 (Cohort 2, n=44, as validation) receiving ICIs and positive for HBsAg were retrospectively recruited. An additional hepatitis B virus (HBV)-HCC cohort (Cohort 3, n=85) without ICI served as a control group. Factors associated with HBsAg loss or combining HBsAg decline >1 log were analyzed. RESULTS With median follow-up of 17.5 months, 8 (6.8%) in cohort 1 and 4 (9.1%) in cohort 2 achieved HBsAg seroclearance, and additional 4 in cohort 1 and 1 in cohort 2 had HBsAg decline >1 log. In multivariate analysis, HBsAg <100 IU/mL was associated with HBsAg seroclearance (HR=6.274, p=0.028). In the validation cohort, the cumulative incidence of HBsAg loss at months 12 and 24 was 13.0% and 38.4% for baseline HBsAg <100 IU/ml, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (p=0.0267). While no case in cohort 3 achieved HBsAg within 24 months. Of the 17 cases achieved HBsAg loss and decline >1 log, 16 (94.1%) had nucleos(t)ide analogs treatment. The median time to HBsAg loss or HBsAg decline was 16.5 months (ranged 9.6 to 27.5). CONCLUSIONS ICIs may accelerate HBsAg seroclearance in cancer patients with baseline HBsAg <100 IU/ml. This finding provides important information for the design of future ICI trials to achieve functional cure in patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chen Mon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chang Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hung
- Health Examination Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ju Lee
- Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ta Chi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Cheng Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Kang Q, He L, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Tan W. Immune-inflammatory modulation by natural products derived from edible and medicinal herbs used in Chinese classical prescriptions. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155684. [PMID: 38788391 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible and medicinal herbs1 (EMHs) refer to a class of substances with dual attribution of food and medicine. These substances are traditionally used as food and also listed in many international pharmacopoeias, including the European Pharmacopoeia, the United States Pharmacopoeia, and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Some classical formulas that are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine include a series of EMHs, which have been shown to be effective with obvious characteristics and advantages. Notably, these EMHs and Chinese classical prescriptions2 (CCPs) have also attracted attention in international herbal medicine research because of their low toxicity and high efficiency as well as the rich body of experience for their long-term clinical use. PURPOSE Our purpose is to explore the potential therapeutic effect of EMHs with immune-inflammatory modulation for the study of modern cancer drugs. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, we present a detailed account of some EMHs used in CCPs that have shown considerable research potential in studies exploring modern drugs with immune-inflammatory modulation. METHODS Approximately 500 publications in the past 30 years were collected from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using the keywords, such as natural products, edible and medicinal herbs, Chinese medicine, classical prescription, immune-inflammatory, tumor microenvironment and some related synonyms. The active ingredients instead of herbal extracts or botanical mixtures were focused on and the research conducted over the past decade were discussed emphatically and analyzed comprehensively. RESULTS More than ten natural products derived from EMHs used in CCPs are discussed and their immune-inflammatory modulation activities, including enhancing antitumor immunity, regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, lowering the proportion of immunosuppressive cells, inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, immunosuppressive factors, and inflammatory mediators, are summarized. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the immune-inflammatory modulating role of those EMHs used in CCPs and provide new ideas for cancer treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianming Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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23
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Chen Y, Zhao R, Fan Q, Liu M, Huang Y, Shi G. Enhancing the activation of T cells through anti-CD3/CD28 magnetic beads by adjusting the antibody ratio. IUBMB Life 2024. [PMID: 39046102 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of anti-CD3/CD28 magnetic beads for T cell expansion in vitro has been investigated for adoptive cell transfer therapy. However, the impact of the CD3/CD28 antibody ratio on T cell differentiation and function remains incompletely elucidated. This study seeks to address this knowledge gap. To begin with, CD3 antibodies with a relatively low avidity for Jurkat cells (Kd = 13.55 nM) and CD28 antibodies with a relatively high avidity (Kd = 5.79 nM) were prepared. Afterwards, anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies with different mass ratios were attached to magnetic beads to examine the impacts of different antibody ratios on T cell capture, and proliferation. The research demonstrated that the most significant expansion of T cells was stimulated by the anti-CD3/CD28 magnetic beads with a mass ratio of 2:1 for CD3 antibodies and CD28 antibodies. Moreover, CD25 and PD1 expression of expanded T cells increased and then decreased, with lower CD25 and PD1 expression in the later stages of expansion indicating that T cells were not depleted. These T cells, which are massively expanded in vitro and have excellent expansion potential, can be infused back into the patient to treat tumor patients. This study shows that altering the ratio of anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies can control the strength of T cell stimulation, thereby leading to the improvement of T cell activation. This discovery can be utilized as a guide for the creation of other T cell stimulation approaches, which is beneficial for the further development of tumor immunotherapy technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Qi Fan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Beijing Scipromed Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Guoqing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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24
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Hirsch T, Neyens D, Duhamel C, Bayard A, Vanhaver C, Luyckx M, Sala de Oyanguren F, Wildmann C, Dauguet N, Squifflet JL, Montiel V, Deschamps M, van der Bruggen P. IRF4 impedes human CD8 T cell function and promotes cell proliferation and PD-1 expression. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114401. [PMID: 38943641 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Human CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with impaired effector functions and PD-1 expression are categorized as exhausted. However, the exhaustion-like features reported in TILs might stem from their activation rather than the consequence of T cell exhaustion itself. Using CRISPR-Cas9 and lentiviral overexpression in CD8 T cells from non-cancerous donors, we show that the T cell receptor (TCR)-induced transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) promotes cell proliferation and PD-1 expression and hampers effector functions and expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-regulated genes. While CD8 TILs with impaired interferon γ (IFNγ) production exhibit activation markers IRF4 and CD137 and exhaustion markers thymocyte selection associated high mobility group box (TOX) and PD-1, activated T cells in patients with COVID-19 do not demonstrate elevated levels of TOX and PD-1. These results confirm that IRF4+ TILs are exhausted rather than solely activated. Our study indicates, however, that PD-1 expression, low IFNγ production, and active cycling in TILs are all influenced by IRF4 upregulation after T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Hirsch
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Damien Neyens
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Duhamel
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Bayard
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Mathieu Luyckx
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Département de Gynécologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Claude Wildmann
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Dauguet
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Squifflet
- Département de Gynécologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Montiel
- Unité de Soins Intensifs, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Deschamps
- Unité de Soins Intensifs, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre van der Bruggen
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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25
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Hu B, Zou B, Xu Y. Advancements in nanomedicine delivery systems: unraveling immune regulation strategies for tumor immunotherapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39011582 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2374230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the significant role of nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) in enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Focusing on the integration of NDDS with immune regulation strategies, it explores their transformative impacts on the tumor microenvironment and immune response dynamics. Key advancements include the optimization of drug delivery through NDDS, targeting mechanisms like immune checkpoint blockade and modulating the immunosuppressive tumor environment. Despite the progress, challenges such as limited clinical efficacy and complex manufacturing processes persist. The review emphasizes the need for further research to optimize these systems, potentially revolutionizing cancer treatment by improving delivery efficiency, reducing toxicity and overcoming immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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26
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Li Y, Xiao J, Li C, Yang M. Memory inflation: Beyond the acute phase of viral infection. Cell Prolif 2024:e13705. [PMID: 38992867 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory inflation is confirmed as the most commonly dysregulation of host immunity with antigen-independent manner in mammals after viral infection. By generating large numbers of effector/memory and terminal differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells with diminished naïve subsets, memory inflation is believed to play critical roles in connecting the viral infection and the onset of multiple diseases. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of memory inflated CD8+ T cells in their distinct phenotypic features that different from exhausted subsets; the intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating the formation of memory inflation; and the key proteins in maintaining the expansion and proliferation of inflationary populations. More importantly, based on the evidences from both clinic and animal models, we summarized the potential mechanisms of memory inflation to trigger autoimmune neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis; the correlations of memory inflation between tumorigenesis and resistance of tumour immunotherapies; as well as the effects of memory inflation to facilitate vascular disease progression. To sum up, better understanding of memory inflation could provide us an opportunity to beyond the acute phase of viral infection, and shed a light on the long-term influences of CD8+ T cell heterogeneity in dampen host immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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27
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Liang L, Yang Y, Deng K, Wu Y, Li Y, Bai L, Wang Y, Lu C. Type I Interferon Activates PD-1 Expression through Activation of the STAT1-IRF2 Pathway in Myeloid Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1163. [PMID: 38995014 PMCID: PMC11240780 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) regulates the metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and myeloid cell differentiation, as well as the type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway in myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. PD-1, therefore, is a key inhibitory receptor in myeloid cells. However, the regulation of PD-1 expression in myeloid cells is unknown. We report that the expression level of PDCD1, the gene that encodes the PD-1 protein, is positively correlated with the levels of IFNB1 and IFNAR1 in myeloid cells in human colorectal cancer. Treatment of mouse myeloid cell lines with recombinant IFNβ protein elevated PD-1 expression in myeloid cells in vitro. Knocking out IFNAR1, the gene that encodes the IFN-I-specific receptor, diminished the inductive effect of IFNβ on PD-1 expression in myeloid cells in vitro. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated IFNβ-encoding plasmid (IFNBCOL01) increased IFNβ expression, resulting in elevated PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. At the molecular level, we determined that IFNβ activates STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) and IRFs (interferon regulatory factors) in myeloid cells. Analysis of the cd279 promoter identified IRF2-binding consensus sequence elements. ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) analysis determined that the pSTAT1 directly binds to the irf2 promoter and that IRF2 directly binds to the cd279 promoter in myeloid cells in vitro and in vivo. In colon cancer patients, the expression levels of STAT1, IRF2 and PDCD1 are positively correlated in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. Our findings determine that IFNβ activates PD-1 expression at least in part by an autocrine mechanism via the stimulation of the pSTAT1-IRF2 axis in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingcui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kaidi Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanmin Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (L.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yinsong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (L.B.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chunwan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (K.D.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
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Wei J, Mayberry CL, Lv X, Hu F, Khan T, Logan NA, Wilson JJ, Sears JD, Chaussabel D, Chang CH. IL3-Driven T Cell-Basophil Crosstalk Enhances Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:822-839. [PMID: 38739030 PMCID: PMC11219266 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are pivotal in combating cancer, yet their efficacy is often hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, resulting in CTL exhaustion. This study investigates the role of interleukin-3 (IL3) in orchestrating antitumor immunity through CTL modulation. We found that intratumoral CTLs exhibited a progressive decline in IL3 production, which was correlated with impaired cytotoxic function. Augmenting IL3 supplementation, through intraperitoneal administration of recombinant IL3, IL3-expressing tumor cells, or IL3-engineered CD8+ T cells, conferred protection against tumor progression, concomitant with increased CTL activity. CTLs were critical for this therapeutic efficacy as IL3 demonstrated no impact on tumor growth in Rag1 knockout mice or following CD8+ T-cell depletion. Rather than acting directly, CTL-derived IL3 exerted its influence on basophils, concomitantly amplifying antitumor immunity within CTLs. Introducing IL3-activated basophils retarded tumor progression, whereas basophil depletion diminished the effectiveness of IL3 supplementation. Furthermore, IL3 prompted basophils to produce IL4, which subsequently elevated CTL IFNγ production and viability. Further, the importance of basophil-derived IL4 was evident from the absence of benefits of IL3 supplementation in IL4 knockout tumor-bearing mice. Overall, this research has unveiled a role for IL3-mediated CTL-basophil cross-talk in regulating antitumor immunity and suggests harnessing IL3 sustenance as a promising approach for optimizing and enhancing cancer immunotherapy. See related Spotlight, p. 798.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
| | - Colleen L. Mayberry
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
| | - Xiaoting Lv
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fangyan Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Taushif Khan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Natalie A. Logan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John J. Wilson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
| | - John D. Sears
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Damien Chaussabel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, Maine, ME 04609, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Dahlquist KJV, Huggins MA, Yousefzadeh MJ, Soto-Palma C, Cholensky SH, Pierson M, Smith DM, Hamilton SE, Camell CD. PD1 blockade improves survival and CD8 + cytotoxic capacity, without increasing inflammation, during normal microbial experience in old mice. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:915-925. [PMID: 38689133 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
By 2030, individuals 65 years of age or older will make up approximately 20% of the world's population1. Older individuals are at the highest risk for mortality from infections, largely due to the pro-inflammatory, dysfunctional immune response, which is collectively known as immunosenescence2. During aging, CD8+ T cells acquire an exhausted phenotype, including increased expression of inhibitory receptors, such as programmed cell death 1 (PD1), a decline in effector function and elevated expression of inflammatory factors3-7. PD1 reduces T cell receptor activity via SHP2-dependent dephosphorylation of multiple pathways; accordingly, inhibiting PD1 activity through monoclonal antibodies increases CD8+ T cell effector response in young mice8-11. Attempts to improve CD8+ T cell responses by blocking inhibitory receptors are attractive; however, they can lead to adverse immune events due to overamplification of T cell receptor signaling and T cell activation12,13. Here we investigated the effect of monoclonal anti-PD1 immunotherapy during normal microbial experience, otherwise known as exposure to dirty mice, to determine whether it either improves exhausted CD8+ T cell responses in old mice or leads to a heightened inflammatory response and increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbyn J V Dahlquist
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics Graduate Program, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew A Huggins
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia Center for Healthy Longevity, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carolina Soto-Palma
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephanie H Cholensky
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark Pierson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Declan M Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sara E Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christina D Camell
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics Graduate Program, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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30
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Kitamura W, Asada N, Ikegawa S, Fujiwara H, Kamoi C, Ennishi D, Nishimori H, Fujii K, Fujii N, Matsuoka KI, Maeda Y. Activated CD4 + T Cell Proportion in the Peripheral Blood Correlates with the Duration of Cytokine Release Syndrome and Predicts Clinical Outcome after Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy. Intern Med 2024; 63:1863-1872. [PMID: 38945932 PMCID: PMC11272506 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2556-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an emerging and effective therapy for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). The characteristic toxicities of CAR T cell therapy include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and prolonged cytopenia. We investigated the factors associated with these complications after CAR T cell therapy by analyzing lymphocyte subsets following CAR T cell infusion. Methods We retrospectively analyzed peripheral blood samples on days 7, 14, and 28 after tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) infusion by flow cytometry at our institution between June 2020 and September 2022. Patients Thirty-five patients with R/R DLBCL who received tisa-cel therapy were included. Results A flow cytometry-based analysis of blood samples from these patients revealed that the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127+ T cells (hereafter referred to as "activated CD4+ T cells" ) among the total CD4+ T cells on day 7 after tisa-cel infusion correlated with the duration of CRS (r=0.79, p<0.01). In addition, a prognostic analysis of the overall survival (OS) using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves indicated a significantly more favorable OS and progression-free survival of patients with a proportion of activated CD4+ T cells among the total CD4+ T cells <0.73 (p=0.01, and p<0.01, respectively). Conclusion These results suggest that the proportion of activated CD4+ T cells on day 7 after tisa-cel infusion correlates with the CRS duration and predicts clinical outcomes after CAR T cell therapy. Further studies with a larger number of patients are required to validate these observations.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Male
- Female
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/blood
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/etiology
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/therapy
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/adverse effects
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Middle Aged
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/blood
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Aged
- Retrospective Studies
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Adult
- Treatment Outcome
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kitamura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Noboru Asada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ikegawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kamoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ennishi
- Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Nishimori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Keiko Fujii
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan
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31
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Lee J, Whitney JB. Immune checkpoint inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for HIV eradication: current insights and future directions. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2024; 19:179-186. [PMID: 38747727 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV-1 infection contributes substantially to global morbidity and mortality, with no immediate promise of an effective prophylactic vaccine. Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV replication, but latent viral reservoirs allow the virus to persist and reignite active replication if ART is discontinued. Moreover, inflammation and immune disfunction persist despite ART-mediated suppression of HIV. Immune checkpoint molecules facilitate immune dysregulation and viral persistence. However, their therapeutic modulation may offer an avenue to enhance viral immune control for patients living with HIV-1 (PLWH). RECENT FINDINGS The success of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in oncology suggests that targeting these same immune pathways might be an effective therapeutic approach for treating PLWH. Several ICIs have been evaluated for their ability to reinvigorate exhausted T cells, and possibly reverse HIV latency, in both preclinical and clinical HIV-1 studies. SUMMARY Although there are very encouraging findings showing enhanced CD8 + T-cell function with ICI therapy in HIV infection, it remains uncertain whether ICIs alone could demonstrably impact the HIV reservoir. Moreover, safety concerns and significant clinical adverse events present a hurdle to the development of ICI approaches. This review provides an update on the current knowledge regarding the development of ICIs for the remission of HIV-1 in PWH. We detail recent findings from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaque models, clinical trials in PLWH, and the role of soluble immune checkpoint molecules in HIV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Lee
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
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32
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Sabag B, Puthenveetil A, Levy M, Joseph N, Doniger T, Yaron O, Karako-Lampert S, Lazar I, Awwad F, Ashkenazi S, Barda-Saad M. Dysfunctional natural killer cells can be reprogrammed to regain anti-tumor activity. EMBO J 2024; 43:2552-2581. [PMID: 38637625 PMCID: PMC11217363 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are critical to the innate immune system, as they recognize antigens without prior sensitization, and contribute to the control and clearance of viral infections and cancer. However, a significant proportion of NK cells in mice and humans do not express classical inhibitory receptors during their education process and are rendered naturally "anergic", i.e., exhibiting reduced effector functions. The molecular events leading to NK cell anergy as well as their relation to those underlying NK cell exhaustion that arises from overstimulation in chronic conditions, remain unknown. Here, we characterize the "anergic" phenotype and demonstrate functional, transcriptional, and phenotypic similarities to the "exhausted" state in tumor-infiltrating NK cells. Furthermore, we identify zinc finger transcription factor Egr2 and diacylglycerol kinase DGKα as common negative regulators controlling NK cell dysfunction. Finally, experiments in a 3D organotypic spheroid culture model and an in vivo tumor model suggest that a nanoparticle-based delivery platform can reprogram these dysfunctional natural killer cell populations in their native microenvironment. This approach may become clinically relevant for the development of novel anti-tumor immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batel Sabag
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Abhishek Puthenveetil
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Moria Levy
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Noah Joseph
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Tirtza Doniger
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Orly Yaron
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Sarit Karako-Lampert
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Itay Lazar
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Fatima Awwad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Shahar Ashkenazi
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Mira Barda-Saad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel.
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33
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Zak J, Pratumchai I, Marro BS, Marquardt KL, Zavareh RB, Lairson LL, Oldstone MBA, Varner JA, Hegerova L, Cao Q, Farooq U, Kenkre VP, Bachanova V, Teijaro JR. JAK inhibition enhances checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Science 2024; 384:eade8520. [PMID: 38900864 PMCID: PMC11283877 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade8520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Unleashing antitumor T cell activity by checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy is effective in cancer patients, but clinical responses are limited. Cytokine signaling through the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway correlates with checkpoint immunotherapy resistance. We report a phase I clinical trial of the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib with anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab in Hodgkin lymphoma patients relapsed or refractory following checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. The combination yielded a best overall response rate of 53% (10/19). Ruxolitinib significantly reduced neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and percentages of myeloid suppressor cells but increased numbers of cytokine-producing T cells. Ruxolitinib rescued the function of exhausted T cells and enhanced the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in preclinical solid tumor and lymphoma models. This synergy was characterized by a switch from suppressive to immunostimulatory myeloid cells, which enhanced T cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Zak
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Isaraphorn Pratumchai
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Brett S. Marro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Kristi L. Marquardt
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Luke L. Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Michael B. A. Oldstone
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Judith A. Varner
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Livia Hegerova
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Qing Cao
- Biostatistics Core, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Umar Farooq
- Division of Hematology and Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | | | - Veronika Bachanova
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - John R. Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA
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Schlegel LS, Werbrouck C, Boettcher M, Schlegel P. Universal CAR 2.0 to overcome current limitations in CAR therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383894. [PMID: 38962014 PMCID: PMC11219820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has effectively complemented the treatment of advanced relapsed and refractory hematological cancers. The remarkable achievements of CD19- and BCMA-CAR T therapies have raised high expectations within the fields of hematology and oncology. These groundbreaking successes are propelling a collective aspiration to extend the reach of CAR therapies beyond B-lineage malignancies. Advanced CAR technologies have created a momentum to surmount the limitations of conventional CAR concepts. Most importantly, innovations that enable combinatorial targeting to address target antigen heterogeneity, using versatile adapter CAR concepts in conjunction with recent transformative next-generation CAR design, offer the promise to overcome both the bottleneck associated with CAR manufacturing and patient-individualized treatment regimens. In this comprehensive review, we delineate the fundamental prerequisites, navigate through pivotal challenges, and elucidate strategic approaches, all aimed at paving the way for the future establishment of multitargeted immunotherapies using universal CAR technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Sophie Schlegel
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Coralie Werbrouck
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Schlegel
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Westmead Children’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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35
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Chung YR, Awakoaiye B, Dangi T, Irani N, Fourati S, Penaloza-MacMaster P. An attenuated lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus vector enhances tumor control in mice partly via IFN-I. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e178945. [PMID: 38861331 PMCID: PMC11290963 DOI: 10.1172/jci178945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors are being used for the treatment of cancer. Yet, their efficacy varies among tumors and their use poses challenges in immunosuppressed patients, underscoring the need for alternatives. We report striking antitumoral effects by a nonlytic viral vector based on attenuated lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (r3LCMV). We show in multiple tumor models that injection of tumor-bearing mice with this vector results in improved tumor control and survival. Importantly, r3LCMV improved tumor control in immunodeficient Rag1-/- mice and MyD88-/- mice, suggesting that multiple pathways contributed to the antitumoral effects. The antitumoral effects of r3LCMV were also observed when this vector was administered several weeks before tumor challenges, suggesting the induction of trained immunity. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses, antibody blockade experiments, and knockout models revealed a critical role for host-intrinsic IFN-I in the antitumoral efficacy of r3LCMV vectors. Collectively, these data demonstrate potent antitumoral effects by r3LCMV vectors and unveil multiple mechanisms underlying their antitumoral efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Rock Chung
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and
| | - Bakare Awakoaiye
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and
| | - Tanushree Dangi
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and
| | - Nahid Irani
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine and Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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36
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Musial SC, Kleist SA, Degefu HN, Ford MA, Chen T, Isaacs JF, Boussiotis VA, Skorput AGJ, Rosato PC. Alarm functions of PD-1+ brain resident memory T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597370. [PMID: 38895249 PMCID: PMC11185697 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (T RM ) have been described in barrier tissues as having a 'sensing and alarm' function where, upon sensing cognate antigen, they alarm the surrounding tissue and orchestrate local recruitment and activation of immune cells. In the immunologically unique and tightly restricted CNS, it remains unclear if and how brain T RM , which express the inhibitory receptor PD-1, alarm the surrounding tissue during antigen re-encounter. Here, we reveal that T RM are sufficient to drive the rapid remodeling of the brain immune landscape through activation of microglia, DCs, NK cells, and B cells, expansion of Tregs, and recruitment of macrophages and monocytic dendritic cells. Moreover, we report that while PD-1 restrains granzyme B expression by reactivated brain T RM , it has no effect on cytotoxicity or downstream alarm responses. We conclude that T RM are sufficient to trigger rapid immune activation and recruitment in the CNS and may have an unappreciated role in driving neuroinflammation.
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37
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Sharma S, Sharma K, Kumar R, Dayal D, Dhanda S, Kumar N, Chaubey KK, Singh SV, Banger S, Sharma V. Evaluation of Immune Exhaustion and Co-Inhibitory Receptor Expression in Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) Seropositive Diarrhoeic Bovines. Pathogens 2024; 13:473. [PMID: 38921771 PMCID: PMC11206971 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection leads to chronic, persistent granulomatous enteritis, causing prolonged diarrhoea and emaciation. The disease is managed using medications such as antibiotics, live vaccines, mycobacteriophage therapies and other treatments; however, a notable proportion of affected animals do not show improvement with this approach. We hypothesise that immunoinhibitory receptors TIM-3 (T cell immunoglobulin mucin protein-3) and PD-1 (Programmed death receptor 1) may be upregulated on Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MAP-seropositive bovines, potentially contributing to immune exhaustion. Samples (blood and faeces) were collected from 32 diarrhoeic bovines suspected of MAP infection; eight apparently healthy buffaloes from the dairy farm at Hisar, Haryana and from 14 cows (suffering from chronic diarrhoea, weakness and emaciation) housed in stray cattle shed. MAP infection was estimated using indigenous ELISA (i-ELISA), faecal IS900 PCR, culture and acid-fast staining. TIM-3 and PD-1 gene expression on PBMCs were determined using qRT-PCR. TIM3 expression was relatively higher (~400-fold, 330-fold, 112-fold, 65-fold and 16-fold) in 5 chronically diarrhoeic PBMCs samples (MAP-seropositive), and higher PD-1 expression (around ~7-fold, 1.75-fold, 2.5-fold, 7.6-fold) was recorded in 4 diarrhoeic MAP-seropositive animals, compared to apparently healthy and other MAP-seronegative diarrhoeic animals. High co-expression of TIM-3 and PD-1 levels was also recorded in chronically diarrhoeic, emaciated stray cattle. Understanding immune responses in field conditions might aid in the therapeutic management of paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Khushbu Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Ram Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-NRC on Equines Sirsa Road, Hisar 125001, India; (R.K.); (S.D.); (N.K.)
| | - Deen Dayal
- Department of Bio-Technology, GLA University, Post-Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, India; (D.D.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Shweta Dhanda
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-NRC on Equines Sirsa Road, Hisar 125001, India; (R.K.); (S.D.); (N.K.)
| | - Naveen Kumar
- National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-NRC on Equines Sirsa Road, Hisar 125001, India; (R.K.); (S.D.); (N.K.)
| | - Kundan Kumar Chaubey
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sanskriti University, Mathura 281401, India;
| | - Shoor Vir Singh
- Department of Bio-Technology, GLA University, Post-Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, India; (D.D.); (S.V.S.)
| | - Sikander Banger
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Livestock Production Management, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar 125004, India;
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Luo J, Ng W, Liu Y, Wang L, Gong C, Zhou Y, Fang C, Zhu S, Yao C. Rocaglamide promotes infiltration and differentiation of T cells and coordinates with PD-1 inhibitor to overcome checkpoint resistance in multiple tumor models. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:137. [PMID: 38833034 PMCID: PMC11150362 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) deficiency is the most conspicuous obstacle to limit the cancer immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1 antibody, have achieved great success in clinical practice. However, due to the limitation of response rates of ICIs, some patients fail to benefit from monotherapy. Thus, novel combination therapy that could improve the response rates emerges as new strategies for cancer treatment. Here, we reported that the natural product rocaglamide (RocA) increased tumor-infiltrating T cells and promoted Th17 differentiation of CD4+ TILs. Despite RocA monotherapy upregulated PD-1 expression of TILs, which was considered as the consequence of T cell activation, combining RocA with anti-PD-1 antibody significantly downregulated the expression of PD-1 and promoted proliferation of TILs. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that RocA could fuel the T cell anti-tumor immunity and revealed the remarkable potential of RocA as a therapeutic candidate when combining with the ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Luo
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wanyi Ng
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yangli Liu
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenyuan Gong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yufu Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shiguo Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chao Yao
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Jin Y, Jiang J, Mao W, Bai M, Chen Q, Zhu J. Treatment strategies and molecular mechanism of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216858. [PMID: 38621460 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) remodels the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and modulates the immune response to indirectly destroy tumor cells, in addition to directly killing tumor cells. RT combined with immunotherapy may significantly enhance the efficacy of RT in colorectal cancer by modulating the microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms by which RT acts as an immunomodulator to modulate the immune microenvironment remain unclear. Further, the optimal modalities of RT combined with immunotherapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer, such as the time point of combining RT and immunization, the fractionation pattern and dosage of radiotherapy, and other methods to improve the efficacy, are also being explored parallelly. To address these aspects, in this review, we summarized the mechanisms by which RT modulates TIME and concluded the progress of RT combined with immunization in preclinical and clinical trials. Finally, we discussed heavy ion radiation therapy and the efficacy of prediction markers and other immune combination therapies. Overall, combining RT with immunotherapy to enhance antitumor effects will have a significant clinical implication and will help to facilitate individualized treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou, 310000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, 31400, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou, 310000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Minghua Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Qianping Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou, 310000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Ji Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China; Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou, 310000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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40
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Chen ACY, Jaiswal S, Martinez D, Yerinde C, Ji K, Miranda V, Fung ME, Weiss SA, Zschummel M, Taguchi K, Garris CS, Mempel TR, Hacohen N, Sen DR. The aged tumor microenvironment limits T cell control of cancer. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1033-1045. [PMID: 38745085 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The etiology and effect of age-related immune dysfunction in cancer is not completely understood. Here we show that limited priming of CD8+ T cells in the aged tumor microenvironment (TME) outweighs cell-intrinsic defects in limiting tumor control. Increased tumor growth in aging is associated with reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration and function. Transfer of T cells from young mice does not restore tumor control in aged mice owing to rapid induction of T cell dysfunction. Cell-extrinsic signals in the aged TME drive a tumor-infiltrating age-associated dysfunctional (TTAD) cell state that is functionally, transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct from canonical T cell exhaustion. Altered natural killer cell-dendritic cell-CD8+ T cell cross-talk in aged tumors impairs T cell priming by conventional type 1 dendritic cells and promotes TTAD cell formation. Aged mice are thereby unable to benefit from therapeutic tumor vaccination. Critically, myeloid-targeted therapy to reinvigorate conventional type 1 dendritic cells can improve tumor control and restore CD8+ T cell immunity in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Y Chen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sneha Jaiswal
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniela Martinez
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cansu Yerinde
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keely Ji
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Velita Miranda
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan E Fung
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah A Weiss
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Zschummel
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Taguchi
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher S Garris
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Debattama R Sen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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41
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Kinget L, Naulaerts S, Govaerts J, Vanmeerbeek I, Sprooten J, Laureano RS, Dubroja N, Shankar G, Bosisio FM, Roussel E, Verbiest A, Finotello F, Ausserhofer M, Lambrechts D, Boeckx B, Wozniak A, Boon L, Kerkhofs J, Zucman-Rossi J, Albersen M, Baldewijns M, Beuselinck B, Garg AD. A spatial architecture-embedding HLA signature to predict clinical response to immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma. Nat Med 2024; 30:1667-1679. [PMID: 38773341 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
An important challenge in the real-world management of patients with advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) is determining who might benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here we performed a comprehensive multiomics mapping of aRCC in the context of ICB treatment, involving discovery analyses in a real-world data cohort followed by validation in independent cohorts. We cross-connected bulk-tumor transcriptomes across >1,000 patients with validations at single-cell and spatial resolutions, revealing a patient-specific crosstalk between proinflammatory tumor-associated macrophages and (pre-)exhausted CD8+ T cells that was distinguished by a human leukocyte antigen repertoire with higher preference for tumoral neoantigens. A cross-omics machine learning pipeline helped derive a new tumor transcriptomic footprint of neoantigen-favoring human leukocyte antigen alleles. This machine learning signature correlated with positive outcome following ICB treatment in both real-world data and independent clinical cohorts. In experiments using the RENCA-tumor mouse model, CD40 agonism combined with PD1 blockade potentiated both proinflammatory tumor-associated macrophages and CD8+ T cells, thereby achieving maximal antitumor efficacy relative to other tested regimens. Thus, we present a new multiomics and spatial map of the immune-community architecture that drives ICB response in patients with aRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kinget
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeek
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenny Sprooten
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raquel S Laureano
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikolina Dubroja
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca M Bosisio
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Roussel
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Francesca Finotello
- Department of Molecular Biology, Digital Science Center (DiSC), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Ausserhofer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Digital Science Center (DiSC), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Johan Kerkhofs
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMRS-1138, Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress and Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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42
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Lan X, Mi T, Alli S, Guy C, Djekidel MN, Liu X, Boi S, Chowdhury P, He M, Zehn D, Feng Y, Youngblood B. Antitumor progenitor exhausted CD8 + T cells are sustained by TCR engagement. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1046-1058. [PMID: 38816618 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The durability of an antitumor immune response is mediated in part by the persistence of progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tpex). Tpex serve as a resource for replenishing effector T cells and preserve their quantity through self-renewal. However, it is unknown how T cell receptor (TCR) engagement affects the self-renewal capacity of Tpex in settings of continued antigen exposure. Here we use a Lewis lung carcinoma model that elicits either optimal or attenuated TCR signaling in CD8+ T cells to show that formation of Tpex in tumor-draining lymph nodes and their intratumoral persistence is dependent on optimal TCR engagement. Notably, attenuated TCR stimulation accelerates the terminal differentiation of optimally primed Tpex. This TCR-reinforced Tpex development and self-renewal is coupled to proximal positioning to dendritic cells and epigenetic imprinting involving increased chromatin accessibility at Egr2 and Tcf1 target loci. Collectively, this study highlights the critical function of TCR engagement in sustaining Tpex during tumor progression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Mice
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Mice, Knockout
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Cell Self Renewal
- Mice, Transgenic
- Early Growth Response Protein 2
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lan
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tian Mi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shanta Alli
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cliff Guy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Mathematics, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shannon Boi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Partha Chowdhury
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Minghong He
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yongqiang Feng
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ben Youngblood
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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43
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Lam B, Miller J, Kung YJ, Wu T, Hung CF, Roden R, Best SR. Profiling of VEGF Receptors and Immune Checkpoints in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2819-2825. [PMID: 38193541 PMCID: PMC11078620 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of the aerodigestive tract that significantly impacts quality-of-life including the ability to communicate and breathe. Treatment was traditionally limited to serial ablative procedures in the O.R. with possible local adjuvant therapy, but new systemic therapies, such as Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, are showing significant promise. This study aims to determine whether rationale exists for combination therapeutic approaches using VEGF inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint blockade. METHODS Using fresh specimens from the O.R., we performed flow cytometry on papilloma, normal adjacent tissue, and blood. Papilloma and surrounding tissue were examined for expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, Galectin-9, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3. CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were assayed for expression of PD-1, TIGIT, LAG3, and TIM3. RESULTS Our data shows that papilloma tissue exhibits significantly higher levels of PD-L1 and PD-L2 compared to adjacent tissue. Elevated levels of the VEGF receptor VEGFR3 were also observed in papilloma tissue. When examining T cells within the papilloma, elevated PD-1 and TIGIT expression was observed on CD8+ T cells, while levels of PD-1, TIGIT, and TIM3 were elevated on CD4+ T cells compared to PBMCs. Heterogenous marker expression was observed between individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis shows that RRP tissue shows elevated levels of multiple immune check point targets and VEGFR3, with varied patterns unique to each papilloma patient. Some of these immune checkpoint markers already have novel immunotherapies available or in development, providing molecular rationale to offer these systemic treatments to selected patients affected by RRP alongside VEGF inhibitors. Laryngoscope, 134:2819-2825, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Lam
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Stanford Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jonas Miller
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yu Jui Kung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - T.C. Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Simon R. Best
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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44
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Lin X, Kang K, Chen P, Zeng Z, Li G, Xiong W, Yi M, Xiang B. Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:108. [PMID: 38762484 PMCID: PMC11102195 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion contributes to cancer growth and progression. Cancer cells have the ability to activate different immune checkpoint pathways that harbor immunosuppressive functions. The programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligands (PD-Ls) are considered to be the major immune checkpoint molecules. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 negatively regulates adaptive immune response mainly by inhibiting the activity of effector T cells while enhancing the function of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), largely contributing to the maintenance of immune homeostasis that prevents dysregulated immunity and harmful immune responses. However, cancer cells exploit the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to cause immune escape in cancer development and progression. Blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 by neutralizing antibodies restores T cells activity and enhances anti-tumor immunity, achieving remarkable success in cancer therapy. Therefore, the regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers have attracted an increasing attention. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the roles of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in human autoimmune diseases and cancers. We summarize all aspects of regulatory mechanisms underlying the expression and activity of PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancers, including genetic, epigenetic, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulatory mechanisms. In addition, we further summarize the progress in clinical research on the antitumor effects of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies alone and in combination with other therapeutic approaches, providing new strategies for finding new tumor markers and developing combined therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Kuan Kang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Yi
- Department of Dermotology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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45
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Rao Y, Qiu K, Song Y, Mao M, Feng L, Cheng D, Li J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Shao X, Pang W, Wang Y, Chen X, Jiang C, Wu S, Yu S, Liu J, Wang H, Peng X, Yang L, Chen L, Mu X, Zheng Y, Xu W, Liu G, Chen F, Yu H, Zhao Y, Ren J. The diversity of inhibitory receptor co-expression patterns of exhausted CD8 + T cells in oropharyngeal carcinoma. iScience 2024; 27:109668. [PMID: 38655196 PMCID: PMC11035373 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Exhausted CD8+ T cells (Texs) are characterized by the expression of various inhibitory receptors (IRs), whereas the functional attributes of these co-expressed IRs remain limited. Here, we systematically characterized the diversity of IR co-expression patterns in Texs from both human oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) tissues and syngeneic OPSCC model. Nearly 60% of the Texs population co-expressed two or more IRs, and the number of co-expressed IRs was positively associated with superior exhaustion and cytotoxicity phenotypes. In OPSCC patients, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade significantly enhanced PDCD1-based co-expression with other IR genes, whereas dual blockades of PD-1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) significantly upregulated CTLA4-based co-expression with other IR genes. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that highly diverse IR co-expression is a leading feature of Texs and represents their functional states, which might provide essential clues for the rational selection of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Rao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Minzi Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danni Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuli Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wendu Pang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanhuan Jiang
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sisi Wu
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuaishuai Yu
- Research Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Yang
- MinSheng Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Chen
- MinSheng Ear-Nose-Throat Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaosong Mu
- Langzhong People’s Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongbo Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haopeng Yu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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46
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Qiu J, Cheng Z, Jiang Z, Gan L, Zhang Z, Xie Z. Immunomodulatory Precision: A Narrative Review Exploring the Critical Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5490. [PMID: 38791528 PMCID: PMC11122264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
An immune checkpoint is a signaling pathway that regulates the recognition of antigens by T-cell receptors (TCRs) during an immune response. These checkpoints play a pivotal role in suppressing excessive immune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis against viral or microbial infections. There are several FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, and avelumab. These ICIs target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Furthermore, ongoing efforts are focused on developing new ICIs with emerging potential. In comparison to conventional treatments, ICIs offer the advantages of reduced side effects and durable responses. There is growing interest in the potential of combining different ICIs with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapies. This article comprehensively reviews the classification, mechanism of action, application, and combination strategies of ICIs in various cancers and discusses their current limitations. Our objective is to contribute to the future development of more effective anticancer drugs targeting immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Qiu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zilin Cheng
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Luhan Gan
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
- Huan Kui School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (J.Q.); (Z.C.); (Z.J.); (L.G.); (Z.Z.)
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47
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Casella V, Cebollada Rica P, Argilaguet J, Vidal E, González-Cao M, Güerri-Fernandez R, Bocharov G, Meyerhans A. Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy of Chronic Virus Infection Improves Virus Control without Augmenting Tissue Damage by Fibrosis. Viruses 2024; 16:799. [PMID: 38793680 PMCID: PMC11125757 DOI: 10.3390/v16050799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, albeit commonly used against tumors, is still at its infancy against chronic virus infections. It relies on the reinvigoration of exhausted T lymphocytes to eliminate virus-infected cells. Since T cell exhaustion is a physiological process to reduce immunopathology, the reinvigoration of these cells might be associated with an augmentation of pathological changes. To test this possibility, we here analyzed in the model system of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-infected mice whether treatment with the checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD-L1 antibody would increase CD8 T cell-dependent fibrosis. We show that pre-existing spleen fibrosis did not worsen under conditions that increase CD8 T cell functionality and reduce virus loads suggesting that the CD8 T cell functionality increase remained below its pathogenicity threshold. These promising findings should further encourage immunotherapeutic trials against chronic virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Casella
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paula Cebollada Rica
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Argilaguet
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (E.V.)
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- WOAH Collaborating Centre for Emerging and Re-Emerging Pig Diseases in Europe, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Vidal
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (E.V.)
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- WOAH Collaborating Centre for Emerging and Re-Emerging Pig Diseases in Europe, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María González-Cao
- Instituto Oncologico Dr. Rosell, Hospital Quiron-Dexeus Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Roberto Güerri-Fernandez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital del Mar, Institute of Medical Research (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Gennady Bocharov
- Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119635 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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48
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Ludwig SD, Meksiriporn B, Tan J, Kureshi R, Mishra A, Kaeo KJ, Zhu A, Stavrakis G, Lee SJ, Schodt DJ, Wester MJ, Kumar D, Lidke KA, Cox AL, Dooley HM, Nimmagadda S, Spangler JB. Multiparatopic antibodies induce targeted downregulation of programmed death-ligand 1. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:904-919.e11. [PMID: 38547863 PMCID: PMC11102303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) drives inhibition of antigen-specific T cell responses through engagement of its receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) on activated T cells. Overexpression of these immune checkpoint proteins in the tumor microenvironment has motivated the design of targeted antibodies that disrupt this interaction. Despite clinical success of these antibodies, response rates remain low, necessitating novel approaches to enhance performance. Here, we report the development of antibody fusion proteins that block immune checkpoint pathways through a distinct mechanism targeting molecular trafficking. By engaging multiple receptor epitopes on PD-L1, our engineered multiparatopic antibodies induce rapid clustering, internalization, and degradation in an epitope- and topology-dependent manner. The complementary mechanisms of ligand blockade and receptor downregulation led to more durable immune cell activation and dramatically reduced PD-L1 availability in mouse tumors. Collectively, these multiparatopic antibodies offer mechanistic insight into immune checkpoint protein trafficking and how it may be manipulated to reprogram immune outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Ludwig
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Bunyarit Meksiriporn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Jiacheng Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rakeeb Kureshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Akhilesh Mishra
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kyle J Kaeo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Angela Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Georgia Stavrakis
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stephen J Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - David J Schodt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Michael J Wester
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Keith A Lidke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Andrea L Cox
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Helen M Dooley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jamie B Spangler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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49
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Mierzwicka JM, Petroková H, Kafková LR, Kosztyu P, Černý J, Kuchař M, Petřík M, Bendová K, Krasulová K, Groza Y, Vaňková L, Bharadwaj S, Panova N, Křupka M, Škarda J, Raška M, Malý P. Engineering PD-1-targeted small protein variants for in vitro diagnostics and in vivo PET imaging. J Transl Med 2024; 22:426. [PMID: 38711085 PMCID: PMC11071268 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) belongs to immune checkpoint proteins ensuring negative regulation of the immune response. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the sensitivity to treatment with anti-PD-1 therapeutics, and its efficacy, mostly correlated with the increase of tumor infiltrating PD-1+ lymphocytes. Due to solid tumor heterogeneity of PD-1+ populations, novel low molecular weight anti-PD-1 high-affinity diagnostic probes can increase the reliability of expression profiling of PD-1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in tumor tissue biopsies and in vivo mapping efficiency using immune-PET imaging. METHODS We designed a 13 kDa β-sheet Myomedin scaffold combinatorial library by randomization of 12 mutable residues, and in combination with ribosome display, we identified anti-PD-1 Myomedin variants (MBA ligands) that specifically bound to human and murine PD-1-transfected HEK293T cells and human SUP-T1 cells spontaneously overexpressing cell surface PD-1. RESULTS Binding affinity to cell-surface expressed human and murine PD-1 on transfected HEK293T cells was measured by fluorescence with LigandTracer and resulted in the selection of most promising variants MBA066 (hPD-1 KD = 6.9 nM; mPD-1 KD = 40.5 nM), MBA197 (hPD-1 KD = 29.7 nM; mPD-1 KD = 21.4 nM) and MBA414 (hPD-1 KD = 8.6 nM; mPD-1 KD = 2.4 nM). The potential of MBA proteins for imaging of PD-1+ populations in vivo was demonstrated using deferoxamine-conjugated MBA labeled with 68Galium isotope. Radiochemical purity of 68Ga-MBA proteins reached values 94.7-99.3% and in vitro stability in human serum after 120 min was in the range 94.6-98.2%. The distribution of 68Ga-MBA proteins in mice was monitored using whole-body positron emission tomography combined with computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging up to 90 min post-injection and post mortem examined in 12 mouse organs. The specificity of MBA proteins was proven by co-staining frozen sections of human tonsils and NSCLC tissue biopsies with anti-PD-1 antibody, and demonstrated their potential for mapping PD-1+ populations in solid tumors. CONCLUSIONS Using directed evolution, we developed a unique set of small binding proteins that can improve PD-1 diagnostics in vitro as well as in vivo using PET/CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Petroková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Rašková Kafková
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Černý
- Laboratory of Structural Bioinformatics of Proteins, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kuchař
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Petřík
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bendová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Krasulová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vaňková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Natalya Panova
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Křupka
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raška
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Zdravotníků 248/7, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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50
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Kürten CHL, Ferris RL. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngorhinootologie 2024; 103:S167-S187. [PMID: 38697147 DOI: 10.1055/a-2183-5802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The neoadjuvant immunotherapy approach marks a significant shift in the treatment paradigm of potentially curable HNSCC. Here, current therapies, despite being highly individualized and advanced, often fall short in achieving satisfactory long-term survival rates and are frequently associated with substantial morbidity.The primary advantage of this approach lies in its potential to intensify and enhance treatment regimens, offering a distinct modality that complements the existing triad of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Checkpoint inhibitors have been at the forefront of this evolution. Demonstrating moderate yet significant survival benefits in the recurrent-metastatic setting with a relatively better safety profile compared to conventional treatments, these agents hold promise when considered for earlier stages of HNSCC.On the other hand, a significant potential benefit of introducing immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant phase is the possibility of treatment de-escalation. By reducing the tumor burden before surgery, this strategy could lead to less invasive surgical interventions. The prospect of organ-sparing protocols becomes a realistic and highly valued goal in this context. Further, the early application of immunotherapy might catalyze a more effective and durable immune response. The induction of an immune memory may potentially lead to a more effective surveillance of residual disease, decreasing the rates of local, regional, and distant recurrences, thereby enhancing overall and recurrence-free survival.However, neoadjuvant immunotherapy is not without its challenges. One of the primary concerns is the safety and adverse events profile. While data suggest that adverse events are relatively rare and manageable, the long-term safety profile in the neoadjuvant setting, especially in the context of curative intent, remains a subject for ongoing research. Another unsolved issue lies in the accurate assessment of treatment response. The discrepancy between radiographic assessment using RECIST criteria and histological findings has been noted, indicating a gap in current imaging techniques' ability to accurately reflect the true efficacy of immunotherapy. This gap underscores the necessity for improved imaging methodologies and the development of new radiologic and pathologic criteria tailored to evaluate the response to immunotherapy accurately.Treatment combinations and timing represent another layer of complexity. There is a vast array of possibilities in combining immunotherapy agents with conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation, and other experimental treatments. Determining the optimal treatment regimen for individual patients becomes an intricate task, especially when comparing small, single-arm, non-randomized trials with varying regimens and outcome measures.Moreover, one needs to consider the importance of pre- and intraoperative decision-making in the context of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. As experience with this treatment paradigm grows, there is potential for more tailored surgical approaches based on the patient's remaining disease post-neoadjuvant treatment. This consideration is particularly relevant in extensive surgeries, where organ-sparing protocols could be evaluated.In practical terms, the multi-modal nature of this treatment strategy introduces complexities, especially outside clinical trial settings. Patients face challenges in navigating the treatment landscape, which involves coordination across multiple medical disciplines, highlighting the necessity for streamlined care pathways at specialized centers to facilitate effective treatment management if the neoadjuvant approach is introduced to the real-world.These potential harms and open questions underscore the critical need for meticulously designed clinical trials and correlational studies to ensure patient safety and efficacy. Only these can ensure that this new treatment approach is introduced in a safe way and fulfils the promise it theoretically holds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius H L Kürten
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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