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Aparo A, Bonnici V, Avesani S, Cascione L, Giugno R. DiGAS: Differential gene allele spectrum as a descriptor in genetic studies. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108924. [PMID: 39067286 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Diagnosing individuals with complex genetic diseases is a challenging task. Computational methodologies exploit information at the genotype level by taking into account single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) leveraging the results of genome-wide association studies analysis to assign a statistical significance to each SNP. Recent methodologies extend such an approach by aggregating SNP significance at the genetic level to identify genes that are related to the condition under study. However, such methodologies still suffer from the initial SNP analysis limitations. Here, we present DiGAS, a tool for diagnosing genetic conditions by computing significance, by means of SNP information, directly at the complex level of genetic regions. Such an approach is based on a generalized notion of allele spectrum, which evaluates the complete genetic alterations of the SNP set belonging to a genetic region at the population level. The statistical significance of a region is then evaluated through a differential allele spectrum analysis between the conditions of individuals belonging to the population. Tests, performed on well-established datasets regarding Alzheimer's disease, show that DiGAS outperforms the state of the art in distinguishing between sick and healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Aparo
- University of Verona, Strada le Grazie, 15, Verona, 37134, Italy; Research Center LURM (Interdepartmental Laboratory of Medical Research), University of Verona, Ple. L.A. Scuro 10, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bonnici
- University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 53/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Simone Avesani
- University of Verona, Strada le Grazie, 15, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona, 6500, Switzerland
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- University of Verona, Strada le Grazie, 15, Verona, 37134, Italy.
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2
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Erb ML, Sipple K, Levine N, Chen X, Moore DJ. Adult-onset deletion of ATP13A2 in mice induces progressive nigrostriatal pathway dopaminergic degeneration and lysosomal abnormalities. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:133. [PMID: 39030200 PMCID: PMC11271504 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although most cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) are sporadic, mutations in over 20 genes are known to cause heritable forms of the disease. Recessive loss-of-function mutations in ATP13A2, a lysosomal transmembrane P5B-type ATPase and polyamine exporter, can cause early-onset familial PD. Familial ATP13A2 mutations are also linked to related neurodegenerative diseases, including Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, hereditary spastic paraplegias, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Despite the severe effects of ATP13A2 mutations in humans, ATP13A2 knockout (KO) mice fail to exhibit neurodegeneration even at advanced ages, making it challenging to study the neuropathological effects of ATP13A2 loss in vivo. Germline deletion of ATP13A2 in rodents may trigger the upregulation of compensatory pathways during embryonic development that mask the full neurotoxic effects of ATP13A2 loss in the brain. To explore this idea, we selectively deleted ATP13A2 in the adult mouse brain by the unilateral delivery of an AAV-Cre vector into the substantia nigra of young adult mice carrying conditional loxP-flanked ATP13A2 KO alleles. We observe a progressive loss of striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals at 3 and 10 months after AAV-Cre delivery. Cre-injected mice also exhibit robust dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra at 10 months. Adult-onset ATP13A2 KO also recreates many of the phenotypes observed in aged germline ATP13A2 KO mice, including lysosomal abnormalities, p62-positive inclusions, and neuroinflammation. Our study demonstrates that the adult-onset homozygous deletion of ATP13A2 in the nigrostriatal pathway produces robust and progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration that serves as a useful in vivo model of ATP13A2-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalynn L Erb
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Kayla Sipple
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Nathan Levine
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Darren J Moore
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Wani WY, Zunke F, Belur NR, Mazzulli JR. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway rescues lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease patient iPSC derived midbrain neurons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5206. [PMID: 38897986 PMCID: PMC11186828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Disrupted glucose metabolism and protein misfolding are key characteristics of age-related neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease, however their mechanistic linkage is largely unexplored. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway utilizes glucose and uridine-5'-triphosphate to generate N-linked glycans required for protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we find that Parkinson's patient midbrain cultures accumulate glucose and uridine-5'-triphosphate, while N-glycan synthesis rates are reduced. Impaired glucose flux occurred by selective reduction of the rate-limiting enzyme, GFPT2, through disrupted signaling between the unfolded protein response and the hexosamine pathway. Failure of the unfolded protein response and reduced N-glycosylation caused immature lysosomal hydrolases to misfold and accumulate, while accelerating glucose flux through the hexosamine pathway rescued hydrolase function and reduced pathological α-synuclein. Our data indicate that the hexosamine pathway integrates glucose metabolism with lysosomal activity, and its failure in Parkinson's disease occurs by uncoupling of the unfolded protein response-hexosamine pathway axis. These findings offer new methods to restore proteostasis by hexosamine pathway enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willayat Y Wani
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Friederike Zunke
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nandkishore R Belur
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joseph R Mazzulli
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Wang X, Xu P, Bentley-DeSousa A, Hancock-Cerutti W, Cai S, Johnson BT, Tonelli F, Talaia G, Alessi DR, Ferguson SM, De Camilli P. Lysosome damage triggers acute formation of ER to lysosomes membrane tethers mediated by the bridge-like lipid transport protein VPS13C. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.08.598070. [PMID: 38895395 PMCID: PMC11185796 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.08.598070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Based on genetic studies, lysosome dysfunction is thought to play a pathogenetic role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we show that VPS13C, a bridge-like lipid transport protein and a PD gene, is a sensor of lysosome stress/damage. Upon lysosome membrane perturbation, VPS13C rapidly relocates from the cytosol to the surface of lysosomes where it tethers their membranes to the ER. This recruitment depends on Rab7 and requires release of a brake, most likely an intramolecular interaction within VPS13C, which hinders access of its VAB domain to lysosome-bound Rab7. While another PD protein, LRRK2, is also recruited to stressed/damaged lysosomes, its recruitment occurs at much later stages and by different mechanisms. Given the putative role of VPS13 proteins in bulk lipid transport, these findings suggest lipid delivery to lysosomes by VPS13C is part of an early response to lysosome damage.
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Azami M, Moradkhani A, Afraie M, Khateri S, Sharifian E, Zamani K, Moradi Y. The risk of Parkinson's disease in diabetic people: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Belg 2024; 124:775-790. [PMID: 37982931 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been linked in previous studies. But the outcomes are still up for debate. This meta-analysis examined how DM affected the likelihood of developing PD. METHODS A comprehensive search of international databases, including Medline (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Scopus, and EMBASE until January 2023, was conducted to assess the relationship between DM and PD. Cohort and case-control studies were included. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on the duration of PD, continent, age, PD criteria, DM criteria, and effect size. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, 25 studies encompassing a total of 39,209,316 participants were incorporated. The collective estimation of the relative risk concerning the association between Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) yielded a value of 1.22 (95% CI 1.08-1.37). Subsequent subgroup analyses unveiled a heightened risk of DM among patients in the Asian demographic, particularly those of a younger age and a longer duration of PD. The findings from our comprehensive meta-analysis underscore a potentially emerging connection between DM and PD. CONCLUSION These results showed that people with DM are more susceptible to developing other neurological diseases, such as PD, indicating that efforts are required to prevent the progression of such diseases among individuals with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobin Azami
- Student of the Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asra Moradkhani
- Student of the Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Afraie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sorour Khateri
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Sina (Farshchian) Educational and Medical Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Erfan Sharifian
- Student of the Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Zamani
- Student of the Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of the Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK, S A. Therapeutic implications of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in Alzheimer's disease: a novel therapeutic target. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:603-619. [PMID: 36178363 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2130297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an extremely popular neurodegenerative condition associated with dementia, responsible for around 70% of the cases. There are presently 50 million people living with dementia in the world, but this number is anticipated to increase to 152 million by 2050, posing a substantial socioeconomic encumbrance. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms that cause AD remain unidentified, and currently, no therapy is available. Numerous signalling paths related to AD neuropathology, including glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK-3β), have been investigated as potential targets for the treatment of AD in current years.GSK-3β is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase that is linked to a variety of biological activities, comprising glycogen metabolism to gene transcription. GSK-3β is also involved in the pathophysiology of sporadic as well as familial types of AD, which has led to the development of the GSK3 theory of AD. GSK-3β is a critical performer in the pathology of AD because dysregulation of this kinase affects all the main symbols of the disease such as amyloid formation, tau phosphorylation, neurogenesis and synaptic and memory function. The current review highlights present-day knowledge of GSK-3β-related neurobiology, focusing on its role in AD pathogenesis signalling pathways. It also explores the possibility of targeting GSK-3β for the management of AD and offers an overview of the present research work in preclinical and clinical studies to produce GSK-3β inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandawane, Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandawane, Pune, India
| | - Arulmozhi S
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandawane, Pune, India
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Feng S, Gui J, Qin B, Ye J, Zhao Q, Guo A, Sang M, Sun X. Resveratrol Inhibits VDAC1-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Mitigate Pathological Progression in Parkinson's Disease Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04234-0. [PMID: 38819635 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
An increase in α-synuclein (α-syn) levels and mutations in proteins associated with mitochondria contribute to the development of familial Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the involvement of α-syn and mitochondria in idiopathic PD remains incompletely understood. The voltage-dependent anion channel I (VDAC1) protein, which serves as a crucial regulator of mitochondrial function and a gatekeeper, plays a pivotal role in governing cellular destiny through the control of ion and respiratory metabolite flux. The ability of resveratrol (RES), which is a potent phytoalexin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, to regulate VDAC1 in PD is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of VDAC1 in the pathological process of PD and to explore the mechanism by which resveratrol protects dopaminergic neurons by regulating VDAC1 to maintain the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and calcium ion balance. The effects of RES on the motor and cognitive abilities of A53T mice were evaluated by using small animal behavioral tests. Various techniques, including immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunoadsorption, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blotting, among others, were employed to assess the therapeutic impact of RES on neuropathy associated with PD and its potential in regulating mitochondrial VDAC1. The findings showed that RES significantly improved motor and cognitive dysfunction and restored mitochondrial function, thus reducing oxidative stress levels in A53T mice. A significant positive correlation was observed between the protein expression level of VDAC1 and mitochondrial α-syn expression, as well as disease progression, whereas no such correlation was found in VDAC2 and VDAC3. Administration of RES resulted in a significant decrease in the protein expression of VDAC1 and in the protein expression of α-syn both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, we found that RES prevents excessive opening of the mPTP in dopaminergic neurons. This may prevent the abnormal aggregation of α-syn in mitochondria and the release of mitochondrial apoptosis signals. Furthermore, the activation of VDAC1 reversed the resveratrol-induced decrease in the accumulation of α-syn in the mitochondria. These findings highlight the potential of VDAC1 as a therapeutic target for PD and identify the mechanism by which resveratrol alleviates PD-related pathology by modulating mitochondrial VDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Feng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Jianjun Gui
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Bingqing Qin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Junjie Ye
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Ai Guo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Ming Sang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons Disease at Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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8
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Kakinen A, Jiang Y, Davis TP, Teesalu T, Saarma M. Brain Targeting Nanomedicines: Pitfalls and Promise. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4857-4875. [PMID: 38828195 PMCID: PMC11143448 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s454553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain diseases are the most devastating problem among the world's increasingly aging population, and the number of patients with neurological diseases is expected to increase in the future. Although methods for delivering drugs to the brain have advanced significantly, none of these approaches provide satisfactory results for the treatment of brain diseases. This remains a challenge due to the unique anatomy and physiology of the brain, including tight regulation and limited access of substances across the blood-brain barrier. Nanoparticles are considered an ideal drug delivery system to hard-to-reach organs such as the brain. The development of new drugs and new nanomaterial-based brain treatments has opened various opportunities for scientists to develop brain-specific delivery systems that could improve treatment outcomes for patients with brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke and brain tumors. In this review, we discuss noteworthy literature that examines recent developments in brain-targeted nanomedicines used in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Kakinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuhao Jiang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas Paul Davis
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Mart Saarma
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Sequeira L, Benfeito S, Fernandes C, Lima I, Peixoto J, Alves C, Machado CS, Gaspar A, Borges F, Chavarria D. Drug Development for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Where Do We Go Now? Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:708. [PMID: 38931832 PMCID: PMC11206728 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a set of progressive, chronic, and incurable diseases characterized by the gradual loss of neurons, culminating in the decline of cognitive and/or motor functions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common NDs and represent an enormous burden both in terms of human suffering and economic cost. The available therapies for AD and PD only provide symptomatic and palliative relief for a limited period and are unable to modify the diseases' progression. Over the last decades, research efforts have been focused on developing new pharmacological treatments for these NDs. However, to date, no breakthrough treatment has been discovered. Hence, the development of disease-modifying drugs able to halt or reverse the progression of NDs remains an unmet clinical need. This review summarizes the major hallmarks of AD and PD and the drugs available for pharmacological treatment. It also sheds light on potential directions that can be pursued to develop new, disease-modifying drugs to treat AD and PD, describing as representative examples some advances in the development of drug candidates targeting oxidative stress and adenosine A2A receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS—Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP-IMS—Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Peng KY, Liemisa B, Pasato J, D'Acunzo P, Pawlik M, Heguy A, Penikalapati SC, Labuza A, Pidikiti H, Alldred MJ, Ginsberg SD, Levy E, Mathews PM. Apolipoprotein E2 Expression Alters Endosomal Pathways in a Mouse Model With Increased Brain Exosome Levels During Aging. Traffic 2024; 25:e12937. [PMID: 38777335 PMCID: PMC11141728 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The polymorphic APOE gene is the greatest genetic determinant of sporadic Alzheimer's disease risk: the APOE4 allele increases risk, while the APOE2 allele is neuroprotective compared with the risk-neutral APOE3 allele. The neuronal endosomal system is inherently vulnerable during aging, and APOE4 exacerbates this vulnerability by driving an enlargement of early endosomes and reducing exosome release in the brain of humans and mice. We hypothesized that the protective effects of APOE2 are, in part, mediated through the endosomal pathway. Messenger RNA analyses showed that APOE2 leads to an enrichment of endosomal pathways in the brain when compared with both APOE3 and APOE4. Moreover, we show age-dependent alterations in the recruitment of key endosomal regulatory proteins to vesicle compartments when comparing APOE2 to APOE3. In contrast to the early endosome enlargement previously shown in Alzheimer's disease and APOE4 models, we detected similar morphology and abundance of early endosomes and retromer-associated vesicles within cortical neurons of aged APOE2 targeted-replacement mice compared with APOE3. Additionally, we observed increased brain extracellular levels of endosome-derived exosomes in APOE2 compared with APOE3 mice during aging, consistent with enhanced endosomal cargo clearance by exosomes to the extracellular space. Our findings thus demonstrate that APOE2 enhances an endosomal clearance pathway, which has been shown to be impaired by APOE4 and which may be protective due to APOE2 expression during brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Braison Liemisa
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Pasato
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Monika Pawlik
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Genome Technology Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sai C Penikalapati
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Amanda Labuza
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Harshitha Pidikiti
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Melissa J Alldred
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Efrat Levy
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul M Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Hull A, Atilano ML, Gergi L, Kinghorn KJ. Lysosomal storage, impaired autophagy and innate immunity in Gaucher and Parkinson's diseases: insights for drug discovery. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220381. [PMID: 38368939 PMCID: PMC10874704 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Impairment of autophagic-lysosomal pathways is increasingly being implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA1 mutations cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease (GD) and are the commonest known genetic risk factor for PD. GBA1 mutations have been shown to cause autophagic-lysosomal impairment. Defective autophagic degradation of unwanted cellular constituents is associated with several pathologies, including loss of normal protein homeostasis, particularly of α-synuclein, and innate immune dysfunction. The latter is observed both peripherally and centrally in PD and GD. Here, we will discuss the mechanistic links between autophagy and immune dysregulation, and the possible role of these pathologies in communication between the gut and brain in these disorders. Recent work in a fly model of neuronopathic GD (nGD) revealed intestinal autophagic defects leading to gastrointestinal dysfunction and immune activation. Rapamycin treatment partially reversed the autophagic block and reduced immune activity, in association with increased survival and improved locomotor performance. Alterations in the gut microbiome are a critical driver of neuroinflammation, and studies have revealed that eradication of the microbiome in nGD fly and mouse models of PD ameliorate brain inflammation. Following these observations, lysosomal-autophagic pathways, innate immune signalling and microbiome dysbiosis are discussed as potential therapeutic targets in PD and GD. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Understanding the endo-lysosomal network in neurodegeneration'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hull
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Magda L Atilano
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Laith Gergi
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kerri J Kinghorn
- Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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12
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Li W, Li JY. Overlaps and divergences between tauopathies and synucleinopathies: a duet of neurodegeneration. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:16. [PMID: 38528629 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteinopathy, defined as the abnormal accumulation of proteins that eventually leads to cell death, is one of the most significant pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. Tauopathies, represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD), and synucleinopathies, represented by Parkinson's disease (PD), show similarities in multiple aspects. AD manifests extrapyramidal symptoms while dementia is also a major sign of advanced PD. We and other researchers have sequentially shown the cross-seeding phenomenon of α-synuclein (α-syn) and tau, reinforcing pathologies between synucleinopathies and tauopathies. The highly overlapping clinical and pathological features imply shared pathogenic mechanisms between the two groups of disease. The diagnostic and therapeutic strategies seemingly appropriate for one distinct neurodegenerative disease may also apply to a broader spectrum. Therefore, a clear understanding of the overlaps and divergences between tauopathy and synucleinopathy is critical for unraveling the nature of the complicated associations among neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the shared and diverse characteristics of tauopathies and synucleinopathies from aspects of genetic causes, clinical manifestations, pathological progression and potential common therapeutic approaches targeting the pathology, in the aim to provide a timely update for setting the scheme of disease classification and provide novel insights into the therapeutic development for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Health Sciences Institute, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, BMC A10, 22184, Lund, Sweden.
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13
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Basavarajappa BS, Subbanna S. Unlocking the epigenetic symphony: histone acetylation's impact on neurobehavioral change in neurodegenerative disorders. Epigenomics 2024; 16:331-358. [PMID: 38321930 PMCID: PMC10910622 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent genomics and epigenetic advances have empowered the exploration of DNA/RNA methylation and histone modifications crucial for gene expression in response to stress, aging and disease. Interest in understanding neuronal plasticity's epigenetic mechanisms, influencing brain rewiring amid development, aging and neurodegenerative disorders, continues to grow. Histone acetylation dysregulation, a commonality in diverse brain disorders, has become a therapeutic focus. Histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases have emerged as promising targets for neurodegenerative disorder treatment. This review delves into histone acetylation regulation, potential therapies and future perspectives for disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's. Exploring genetic-environmental interplay through models and studies reveals molecular changes, behavioral insights and early intervention possibilities targeting the epigenome in at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balapal S Basavarajappa
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shivakumar Subbanna
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
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14
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Zalon AJ, Quiriconi DJ, Pitcairn C, Mazzulli JR. α-Synuclein: Multiple pathogenic roles in trafficking and proteostasis pathways in Parkinson's disease. Neuroscientist 2024:10738584241232963. [PMID: 38420922 DOI: 10.1177/10738584241232963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. A hallmark of both familial and sporadic PD is the presence of Lewy body inclusions composed mainly of aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn), a presynaptic protein encoded by the SNCA gene. The mechanisms driving the relationship between α-syn accumulation and neurodegeneration are not completely understood, although recent evidence indicates that multiple branches of the proteostasis pathway are simultaneously perturbed when α-syn aberrantly accumulates within neurons. Studies from patient-derived midbrain cultures that develop α-syn pathology through the endogenous expression of PD-causing mutations show that proteostasis disruption occurs at the level of synthesis/folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), downstream ER-Golgi trafficking, and autophagic-lysosomal clearance. Here, we review the fundamentals of protein transport, highlighting the specific steps where α-syn accumulation may intervene and the downstream effects on proteostasis. Current therapeutic efforts are focused on targeting single pathways or proteins, but the multifaceted pathogenic role of α-syn throughout the proteostasis pathway suggests that manipulating several targets simultaneously will provide more effective disease-modifying therapies for PD and other synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie J Zalon
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Drew J Quiriconi
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Caleb Pitcairn
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph R Mazzulli
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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15
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Shiraishi T, Bono K, Hiraki H, Manome Y, Oka H, Iguchi Y, Okano HJ. The impact of VPS35 D620N mutation on alternative autophagy and its reversal by estrogen in Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:103. [PMID: 38409392 PMCID: PMC10896810 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
VPS35 plays a key role in neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Many genetic studies have shown a close relationship between autophagy and PD pathophysiology, and specifically, the PD-causing D620N mutation in VPS35 has been shown to impair autophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death and impaired autophagy in PD are debated. Notably, increasing evidence suggests that Rab9-dependent "alternative" autophagy, which is driven by a different molecular mechanism that driving ATG5-dependent "conventional" autophagy, also contributes to neurodegenerative process. In this study, we investigated the relationship between alternative autophagy and VPS35 D620N mutant-related PD pathogenesis. We isolated iPSCs from the blood mononuclear cell population of two PD patients carrying the VPS35 D620N mutant. In addition, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate SH-SY5Y cells carrying the D620N variant of VPS35. We first revealed that the number of autophagic vacuoles was significantly decreased in ATG5-knockout Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast or ATG5-knockdown patient-derived dopaminergic neurons carrying the VPS35 D620N mutant compared with that of the wild type VPS35 control cells. Furthermore, estrogen, which activates alternative autophagy pathways, increased the number of autophagic vacuoles in ATG5-knockdown VPS35 D620N mutant dopaminergic neurons. Estrogen induces Rab9 phosphorylation, mediated through Ulk1 phosphorylation, ultimately regulating alternative autophagy. Moreover, estrogen reduced the apoptosis rate of VPS35 D620N neurons, and this effect of estrogen was diminished under alternative autophagy knockdown conditions. In conclusion, alternative autophagy might be important for maintaining neuronal homeostasis and may be associated with the neuroprotective effect of estrogen in PD with VPS35 D620N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Shiraishi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Keiko Bono
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hiraki
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Yoko Manome
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Oka
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Hirotaka James Okano
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan.
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16
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Wang F, Cheng XY, Zhang YT, Bai QR, Zhang XQ, Sun XC, Ma QH, Zhao XF, Liu CF. Transplantation of human neural stem cell prevents symptomatic motor behavior disability in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220834. [PMID: 38465343 PMCID: PMC10921471 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a ubiquitous brain cell degeneration disease and presents a significant therapeutic challenge. By injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the left medial forebrain bundle, rats were made to exhibit PD-like symptoms and treated by intranasal administration of a low-dose (2 × 105) or high-dose (1 × 106) human neural stem cells (hNSCs). Apomorphine-induced rotation test, stepping test, and open field test were implemented to evaluate the motor behavior and high-performance liquid chromatography was carried out to detect dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in the striatum of rats. Animals injected with 6-OHDA showed significant motor function deficits and damaged dopaminergic system compared to the control group, which can be restored by hNSCs treatment. Treatment with hNSCs significantly increased the tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cell count in the substantia nigra of PD animals. Moreover, the levels of neurotransmitters exhibited a significant decline in the striatum tissue of animals injected with 6-OHDA when compared to that of the control group. However, transplantation of hNSCs significantly elevated the concentration of DA and DOPAC in the injured side of the striatum. Our study offered experimental evidence to support prospects of hNSCs for clinical application as a cell-based therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou215004, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou215004, China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou215004, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qing-Ran Bai
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Shanghai Angecon Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xi-Cai Sun
- Shanghai Angecon Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou215004, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Zhao
- Shanghai Angecon Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou215004, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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17
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Yi YS. MicroRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of inflammasomes in inflammatory responses and immunopathologies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:227-238. [PMID: 36437174 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation represents the first-line defense mechanism of the host against pathogens and cellular stress. One of the most critical inflammatory responses is characterized by the activation of inflammasomes, intracellular multiprotein complexes that induce inflammatory signaling pathways in response to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns or danger-associated molecular patterns under physiological and pathological conditions. Inflammasomes are tightly regulated in normal cells, and dysregulation of these complexes is observed in various pathological conditions, especially inflammatory diseases and cancers. Epigenetic regulation has been suggested as a key mechanism in modulating inflammasome activity, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of inflammasomes. Therefore, miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of inflammasomes in pathological conditions has received considerable attention, and current strategies for targeting inflammasomes have been shown to be effective in the treatment of diseases associated with inflammasome activation. This review summarizes recent studies suggesting the roles of miRNAs in the epigenetic control of inflammasomes and highlights the potential of miRNAs as a therapeutic tool for treating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Life Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea.
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18
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Kim MJ, Kim S, Reinheckel T, Krainc D. Inhibition of cysteine protease cathepsin L increases the level and activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e169594. [PMID: 38329128 PMCID: PMC10967467 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The glucocerebrosidase (GCase) encoded by the GBA1 gene hydrolyzes glucosylceramide (GluCer) to ceramide and glucose in lysosomes. Homozygous or compound heterozygous GBA1 mutations cause the lysosomal storage disease Gaucher disease (GD) due to severe loss of GCase activity. Loss-of-function variants in the GBA1 gene are also the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Restoring lysosomal GCase activity represents an important therapeutic approach for GBA1-associated diseases. We hypothesized that increasing the stability of lysosomal GCase protein could correct deficient GCase activity in these conditions. However, it remains unknown how GCase stability is regulated in the lysosome. We found that cathepsin L, a lysosomal cysteine protease, cleaves GCase and regulates its stability. In support of these data, GCase protein was elevated in the brain of cathepsin L-KO mice. Chemical inhibition of cathepsin L increased both GCase levels and activity in fibroblasts from patients with GD. Importantly, inhibition of cathepsin L in dopaminergic neurons from a patient GBA1-PD led to increased GCase levels and activity as well as reduced phosphorylated α-synuclein. These results suggest that targeting cathepsin L-mediated GCase degradation represents a potential therapeutic strategy for GCase deficiency in PD and related disorders that exhibit decreased GCase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Soojin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Sun X, Feng S, Qin B, Ye J, Xie L, Gui J, Sang M. Integrated multi-omics profiling highlights the benefits of resveratrol hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex for A53T transgenic mice through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Food Funct 2024; 15:1489-1512. [PMID: 38227477 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03667g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by motor and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytoalexin known for its health-promoting benefits. However, little is known about its potential in treating PD by modulating the microbial gut-brain axis, and its clinical application has been limited due to poor water solubility, rapid metabolism, and limited systemic bioavailability. Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of RHSD, a resveratrol-cyclodextrin inclusion complex, in treating PD through the gut-brain axis in human SNCA-transgenic (A53T) mice PD models. Building on our previous study, we prepared RHSD and compared its efficacy with uncoated resveratrol for PD treatment. The study results demonstrated that RHSD exhibited several advantages in improving motor function, alleviating cognitive impairment, restoring intestinal barrier function, and inhibiting neuropathy. Subsequently, a series of analyses, including fecal microbiota metagenomic sequencing, non-target metabolic assays, host transcriptome sequencing, and integrative analysis were performed to reveal the potential therapeutic pathways of RHSD in A53T mice. The metagenomic sequencing results indicated a significant increase in the levels of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Enterorhabduscaecimuris, Lactobacillus taiwanensis, and Lactobacillus animals following RHSD administration. Furthermore, metabolomics profiling showed that the levels of gut microbiome metabolites were reversed after RHSD treatment, and differential metabolites were significantly correlated with motor function and intestinal function in PD mice. The integrated analysis of microbial metabolites and host transcriptomics suggested that abnormal amino acid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the PD model were associated with the diffusion of abnormal metabolites. This study illustrates the profound impact of RHSD administration on rectifying gut microbiota dysbiosis and improving the A53T mouse model. Notably, we observed significant alterations in the proliferation and metabolism of multiple probiotic strains of Lactobacillus. Furthermore, our research supports the hypothesis that microbiota-related metabolites may regulate the transcription of host genes, including dopamine receptors and calcium stabilization. Consequently, our findings underscore the potential of RHSD as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of PD through the modulation of several signaling pathways within the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
| | - Shenglan Feng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
| | - Bingqing Qin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
| | - Junjie Ye
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
- Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lixia Xie
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
| | - Jianjun Gui
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
| | - Ming Sang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson's Disease at Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, China.
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Si X, Dai S, Fang Y, Tang J, Wang Z, Li Y, Song Z, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhao G, Zhang B, Pu J. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibition prevents aquaporin-4 depolarization-mediated glymphatic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. J Adv Res 2024; 56:125-136. [PMID: 36940850 PMCID: PMC10834796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The glymphatic system offers a perivascular pathway for the clearance of pathological proteins and metabolites to optimize neurological functions. Glymphatic dysfunction plays a pathogenic role in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the molecular mechanism of glymphatic dysfunction in PD remains elusive. OBJECTIVE To explore whether matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)-mediated β-dystroglycan (β-DG) cleavage is involved in the regulation of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarity-mediated glymphatic system in PD. METHODS 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD and A53T mice were used in this study. The glymphatic function was evaluated using ex vivo imaging. TGN-020, an AQP4 antagonist, was administered to investigate the role of AQP4 in glymphatic dysfunction in PD. GM6001, an MMP-9 antagonist, was administered to investigate the role of the MMP-9/β-DG pathway in regulating AQP4. The expression and distribution of AQP4, MMP-9, and β-DG were assessed using western blotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation. The ultrastructure of basement membrane (BM)-astrocyte endfeet was detected using transmission electron microscopy. Rotarod and open-field tests were performed to evaluate motor behavior. RESULTS Perivascular influx and efflux of cerebral spinal fluid tracers were reduced in MPTP-induced PD mice with impaired AQP4 polarization. AQP4 inhibition aggravated reactive astrogliosis, glymphatic drainage restriction, and dopaminergic neuronal loss in MPTP-induced PD mice. MMP-9 and cleaved β-DG were upregulated in both MPTP-induced PD and A53T mice, with reduced polarized localization of β-DG and AQP4 to astrocyte endfeet. MMP-9 inhibition restored BM-astrocyte endfeet-AQP4 integrity and attenuated MPTP-induced metabolic perturbations and dopaminergic neuronal loss. CONCLUSION AQP4 depolarization contributes to glymphatic dysfunction and aggravates PD pathologies, and MMP-9-mediated β-DG cleavage regulates glymphatic function through AQP4 polarization in PD, which may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Si
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Shaobing Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jiahui Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Yaolin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Zhe Song
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
| | - Jiali Pu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
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21
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Mazzetti S, Giampietro F, Calogero AM, Isilgan HB, Gagliardi G, Rolando C, Cantele F, Ascagni M, Bramerio M, Giaccone G, Isaias IU, Pezzoli G, Cappelletti G. Linking acetylated α-Tubulin redistribution to α-Synuclein pathology in brain of Parkinson's disease patients. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:2. [PMID: 38167511 PMCID: PMC10761989 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Highly specialized microtubules in neurons are crucial to both health and disease of the nervous system, and their properties are strictly regulated by different post-translational modifications, including α-Tubulin acetylation. An imbalance in the levels of acetylated α-Tubulin has been reported in experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD) whereas pharmacological or genetic modulation that leads to increased acetylated α-Tubulin successfully rescues axonal transport defects and inhibits α-Synuclein aggregation. However, the role of acetylation of α-Tubulin in the human nervous system is largely unknown as most studies are based on in vitro evidence. To capture the complexity of the pathological processes in vivo, we analysed post-mortem human brain of PD patients and control subjects. In the brain of PD patients at Braak stage 6, we found a redistribution of acetylated α-Tubulin, which accumulates in the neuronal cell bodies in subcortical structures but not in the cerebral cortex, and decreases in the axonal compartment, both in putamen bundles of fibres and in sudomotor fibres. High-resolution and 3D reconstruction analysis linked acetylated α-Tubulin redistribution to α-Synuclein oligomerization and to phosphorylated Ser 129 α-Synuclein, leading us to propose a model for Lewy body (LB) formation. Finally, in post-mortem human brain, we observed threadlike structures, resembling tunnelling nanotubes that contain α-Synuclein oligomers and are associated with acetylated α-Tubulin enriched neurons. In conclusion, we support the role of acetylated α-Tubulin in PD pathogenesis and LB formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Mazzetti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandra Maria Calogero
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gloria Gagliardi
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Rolando
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cantele
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Ascagni
- Unitech NOLIMITS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Bramerio
- S. C. Divisione Oncologia Falck and S. C. Divisione Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Unit of Neuropathology and Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ioannis Ugo Isaias
- Parkinson Institute, ASST G. Pini-CTO, Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg and the Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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22
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Bu M, Follett J, Deng I, Tatarnikov I, Wall S, Guenther D, Maczis M, Wimsatt G, Milnerwood A, Moehle MS, Khoshbouei H, Farrer MJ. Inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity rescues deficits in striatal dopamine physiology in VPS35 p.D620N knock-in mice. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:167. [PMID: 38110354 PMCID: PMC10728137 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of dopamine neurotransmission profoundly affects motor, motivation and learning behaviors, and can be observed during the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanism underlying these pathophysiological changes remains to be elucidated. Mutations in vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) both lead to autosomal dominant PD, and VPS35 and LRRK2 may physically interact to govern the trafficking of synaptic cargos within the endo-lysosomal network in a kinase-dependent manner. To better understand the functional role of VPS35 and LRRK2 on dopamine physiology, we examined Vps35 haploinsufficient (Haplo) and Vps35 p.D620N knock-in (VKI) mice and how their behavior, dopamine kinetics and biochemistry are influenced by LRRK2 kinase inhibitors. We found Vps35 p.D620N significantly elevates LRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of Rab10, Rab12 and Rab29. In contrast, Vps35 haploinsufficiency reduces phosphorylation of Rab12. While striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) expression and function is similarly impaired in both VKI and Haplo mice, that physiology is normalized in VKI by treatment with the LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, MLi-2. As a corollary, VKI animals show a significant increase in amphetamine induced hyperlocomotion, compared to Haplo mice, that is also abolished by MLi-2. Taken together, these data show Vps35 p.D620N confers a gain-of-function with respect to LRRK2 kinase activity, and that VPS35 and LRRK2 functionally interact to regulate DAT function and striatal dopamine transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Bu
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jordan Follett
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Isaac Deng
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Igor Tatarnikov
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shannon Wall
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dylan Guenther
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melissa Maczis
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Genevieve Wimsatt
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Austen Milnerwood
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark S Moehle
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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23
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Zhu J, Xu F, Lai H, Yuan H, Li XY, Hu J, Li W, Liu L, Wang C. ACO2 deficiency increases vulnerability to Parkinson's disease via dysregulating mitochondrial function and histone acetylation-mediated transcription of autophagy genes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1201. [PMID: 38007539 PMCID: PMC10676364 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by α-synuclein aggregation in dopaminergic (DA) neurons, which are sensitive to oxidative stress. Mitochondria aconitase 2 (ACO2) is an essential enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle that orchestrates mitochondrial and autophagic functions to energy metabolism. Though widely linked to diseases, its relation to PD has not been fully clarified. Here we revealed that the peripheral ACO2 activity was significantly decreased in PD patients and associated with their onset age and disease durations. The knock-in mouse and Drosophila models with the A252T variant displayed aggravated motor deficits and DA neuron degeneration after 6-OHDA and rotenone-induction, and the ACO2 knockdown or blockade cells showed features of mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction. Moreover, the transcription of autophagy-related genes LC3 and Atg5 was significantly downregulated via inhibited histone acetylation at the H3K9 and H4K5 sites. These data provided multi-dimensional evidences supporting the essential roles of ACO2, and as a potential early biomarker to be used in clinical trials for assessing the effects of antioxidants in PD. Moreover, ameliorating energy metabolism by targeting ACO2 could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for PD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junge Zhu
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Fanxi Xu
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Huiyao Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University; School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xu-Ying Li
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Junya Hu
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
- Department of Stroke Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University; School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology & Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China.
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24
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Preet G, Haj Hasan A, Ramlagan P, Fawdar S, Boulle F, Jaspars M. Anti-Neurodegenerating Activity: Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis of Flavonoids. Molecules 2023; 28:7188. [PMID: 37894669 PMCID: PMC10609304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An anti-neurodegeneration activity study was carried out for 80 flavonoid compounds. The structure-activity analysis of the structures was carried out by performing three different anti-neurodegeneration screening tests, showing that in these structures, the presence of a hydroxy substituent group at position C3' as well as C5' of ring B and a methoxy substituent group at the C7 position of ring A play a vital role in neuroprotective and antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory activity. Further, we found structure (5) was the top-performing active structure out of 80 structures. Subsequently, a molecular docking study was carried out for the 3 lead flavonoid compounds (4), (5), and (23) and 21 similar hypothetical proposed structures to estimate the binding strength between the tested compounds and proteins potentially involved in disease causation. Ligand-based pharmacophores were generated to guide future drug design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Preet
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Ahlam Haj Hasan
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Shameem Fawdar
- Axonova Ltd., Grand Port 51405, Mauritius; (P.R.); (S.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabien Boulle
- Axonova Ltd., Grand Port 51405, Mauritius; (P.R.); (S.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Marcel Jaspars
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
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25
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Ahn S, Suh JS, Jang YK, Kim H, Han K, Lee Y, Choi G, Kim TJ. TAUCON and TAUCOM: A novel biosensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer for detecting tau hyperphosphorylation-associated cellular pathologies. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115533. [PMID: 37517333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal conformational changes in tau protein. Early hyperphosphorylation-induced conformational changes are considered a hallmark of tauopathy, but real-time tracking methods are lacking. Here, we present two novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tau biosensors that detect such changes with high spatiotemporal resolution at the single-cell level. The TAUCON biosensor measures instantaneous conformational changes in hyperphosphorylated tau within 20 min, while the TAUCOM biosensor detects changes in the paper-clip structure of microtubule-associated tau. Our biosensors provide faster and more precise detection than conventional methods and can serve as valuable tools for investigating the initial causes, mechanisms, progression, and treatment of tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heonsu Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiseok Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuho Choi
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Institute of System Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Mack KL, Kim H, Barbieri EM, Lin J, Braganza S, Jackrel ME, DeNizio JE, Yan X, Chuang E, Tariq A, Cupo RR, Castellano LM, Caldwell KA, Caldwell GA, Shorter J. Tuning Hsp104 specificity to selectively detoxify α-synuclein. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3314-3332.e9. [PMID: 37625404 PMCID: PMC10530207 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Hsp104 is an AAA+ protein disaggregase that solubilizes and reactivates proteins trapped in aggregated states. We have engineered potentiated Hsp104 variants to mitigate toxic misfolding of α-synuclein, TDP-43, and FUS implicated in fatal neurodegenerative disorders. Though potent disaggregases, these enhanced Hsp104 variants lack substrate specificity and can have unfavorable off-target effects. Here, to lessen off-target effects, we engineer substrate-specific Hsp104 variants. By altering Hsp104 pore loops that engage substrate, we disambiguate Hsp104 variants that selectively suppress α-synuclein toxicity but not TDP-43 or FUS toxicity. Remarkably, α-synuclein-specific Hsp104 variants emerge that mitigate α-synuclein toxicity via distinct ATPase-dependent mechanisms involving α-synuclein disaggregation or detoxification of soluble α-synuclein conformers. Importantly, both types of α-synuclein-specific Hsp104 variant reduce dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a C. elegans model of Parkinson's disease more effectively than non-specific variants. We suggest that increasing the substrate specificity of enhanced disaggregases could be applied broadly to tailor therapeutics for neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korrie L Mack
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hanna Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Edward M Barbieri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - JiaBei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sylvanne Braganza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meredith E Jackrel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jamie E DeNizio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Edward Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amber Tariq
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ryan R Cupo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura M Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kim A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Guy A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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27
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Angelopoulou E, Pyrgelis ES, Ahire C, Suman P, Mishra A, Piperi C. Functional Implications of Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) in Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1257. [PMID: 37759656 PMCID: PMC10525691 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
During the aging of the global population, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases will be continuously growing. Although each disorder is characterized by disease-specific protein accumulations, several common pathophysiological mechanisms encompassing both genetic and environmental factors have been detected. Among them, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which catalyze the methylation of arginine of various substrates, have been revealed to regulate several cellular mechanisms, including neuronal cell survival and excitability, axonal transport, synaptic maturation, and myelination. Emerging evidence highlights their critical involvement in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS) spectrum, Huntington's disease (HD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Underlying mechanisms include the regulation of gene transcription and RNA splicing, as well as their implication in various signaling pathways related to oxidative stress responses, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, vacuole degeneration, abnormal protein accumulation and neurotransmission. The targeting of PRMTs is a therapeutic approach initially developed against various forms of cancer but currently presents a novel potential strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the accumulating evidence on the role of PRMTs in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, enlightening their pathogenesis and stimulating future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (E.-S.P.)
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios-Stylianos Pyrgelis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (E.-S.P.)
| | - Chetana Ahire
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup 781101, Assam, India; (C.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Prachi Suman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup 781101, Assam, India; (C.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup 781101, Assam, India; (C.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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28
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Zhang D, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang G, Tang P, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang L. Targeting epigenetic modifications in Parkinson's disease therapy. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1748-1777. [PMID: 37119043 DOI: 10.1002/med.21962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease due to a complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors. Recent efforts shed new light on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in regulating pathways related to the development of PD, including DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications of histones, and the presence of microRNA (miRNA or miR). Epigenetic regulators are potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders. In the review, we aim to summarize mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in PD, and describe how the DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, and histone acetyltransferases that mediate the key processes of PD are attractive therapeutic targets. We discuss the use of inhibitors and/or activators of these regulators in PD models or patients, and how these small molecule epigenetic modulators elicit neuroprotective effects. Further more, given the importance of miRNAs in PD, their contributions to the underlying mechanisms of PD will be discussed as well, together with miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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29
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Fischetti F, Poli L, De Tommaso M, Paolicelli D, Greco G, Cataldi S. The role of exercise parameters on small extracellular vesicles and microRNAs cargo in preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241010. [PMID: 37654673 PMCID: PMC10466047 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA), which includes exercise, can reduce the risk of developing various non-communicable diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and mitigate their adverse effects. However, the mechanisms underlying this ability are not yet fully understood. Among several possible mechanisms proposed, such as the stimulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), the possible involvement of particular vesicular structures enclosed in lipid membranes known as extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently been investigated. These EVs would appear to exert a paracrine and systemic action through their ability to carry various molecules, particularly so-called microRNAs (miRNAs), performing a function as mediators of intercellular communication. Interestingly, EVs and miRNAs are differentially expressed following PA, but evidence on how different exercise parameters may differentially affect EVs and the miRNAs they carry is still scarce. In this review we summarized the current human findings on the effects of PA and different exercise parameters exerted on EVs and their cargo, focusing on miRNAs molecules, and discussing how this may represent one of the biological mechanisms through which exercise contributes to preventing and slowing NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Poli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marina De Tommaso
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Policlinico General Hospital, University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Damiano Paolicelli
- Neurophysiology Operative Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Policlinico General Hospital, University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Kaya I, Nilsson A, Luptáková D, He Y, Vallianatou T, Bjärterot P, Svenningsson P, Bezard E, Andrén PE. Spatial lipidomics reveals brain region-specific changes of sulfatides in an experimental MPTP Parkinson's disease primate model. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 37495571 PMCID: PMC10372136 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism of MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) to the neurotoxin MPP+ in the brain causes permanent Parkinson's disease-like symptoms by destroying dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra in humans and non-human primates. However, the complete molecular pathology underlying MPTP-induced parkinsonism remains poorly understood. We used dual polarity matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to thoroughly image numerous glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in coronal brain tissue sections of MPTP-lesioned and control non-human primate brains (Macaca mulatta). The results revealed specific distributions of several sulfatide lipid molecules based on chain-length, number of double bonds, and importantly, hydroxylation stage. More specifically, certain long-chain hydroxylated sulfatides with polyunsaturated chains in the molecular structure were depleted within motor-related brain regions in the MPTP-lesioned animals, e.g., external and internal segments of globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata. In contrast, certain long-chain non-hydroxylated sulfatides were found to be elevated within the same brain regions. These findings demonstrate region-specific dysregulation of sulfatide metabolism within the MPTP-lesioned macaque brain. The depletion of long-chain hydroxylated sulfatides in the MPTP-induced pathology indicates oxidative stress and oligodendrocyte/myelin damage within the pathologically relevant brain regions. Hence, the presented findings improve our current understanding of the molecular pathology of MPTP-induced parkinsonism within primate brains, and provide a basis for further research regarding the role of dysregulated sulfatide metabolism in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Kaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dominika Luptáková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yachao He
- Section of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theodosia Vallianatou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Bjärterot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Section of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erwan Bezard
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Per E Andrén
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Spatial Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Miller GK, Kuruvilla S, Jacob B, LaFranco-Scheuch L, Bakthavatchalu V, Flor J, Flor K, Ziegler J, Reichard C, Manfre P, Firner S, McNutt T, Quay D, Bellum S, Doto G, Ciaccio PJ, Pearson K, Valentine J, Fuller P, Fell M, Tsuchiya T, Williamson T, Wollenberg G. Effects of LRRK2 Inhibitors in Nonhuman Primates. Toxicol Pathol 2023; 51:232-245. [PMID: 37916535 DOI: 10.1177/01926233231205895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Toxicology studies in nonhuman primates were conducted to evaluate selective, brain penetrant inhibitors of LRRK2. GNE 7915 was limited to 7-day administration in cynomolgus monkeys at 65 mg/kg/day or limited to 14 days in rhesus at 22.5 mg/kg b.i.d. due to physical signs. Compound 25 demonstrated acceptable tolerability at 50 and 225 mg/kg b.i.d. for 7 days in rhesus monkeys. MK-1468 was tolerated during 7-day administration at 100, 200 or 800 mg/kg/day or for 30-day administration at 30, 100, or 500 mg/kg b.i.d. in rhesus monkeys. The lungs revealed hypertrophy of type 2 pneumocytes, with accumulation of intra-alveolar macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed increased lamellar structures within hypertrophic type 2 pneumocytes. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of type 2 pneumocytes with accumulation of intra-alveolar macrophages admixed with neutrophils were prominent at peripheral lungs of animals receiving compound 25 or MK-1468. Affected type 2 pneumocytes were immuno-positive for pro-surfactant C, but negative for CD11c, a marker for intra-alveolar macrophages. Accumulation of collagen within alveolar walls, confirmed by histochemical trichrome stain, accompanied changes described for compound 25 and MK-1468. Following a 12-week treatment-free interval, animals previously receiving MK-1468 for 30 days exhibited remodeling of alveolar structure and interstitial components that did not demonstrate reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jason Flor
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diane Quay
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Greg Doto
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matt Fell
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
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Peng JY, Liu X, Zeng XT, Hao Y, Zhang JH, Li Q, Tong XJ. Early pheromone perception remodels neurodevelopment and accelerates neurodegeneration in adult C. elegans. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112598. [PMID: 37289584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases are mainly caused by protein aggregation. The etiologies of these neurodegenerative diseases share a chemical environment. However, how chemical cues modulate neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here, we found that in Caenorhabditis elegans, exposure to pheromones in the L1 stage accelerates neurodegeneration in adults. Perception of pheromones ascr#3 and ascr#10 is mediated by chemosensory neurons ASK and ASI. ascr#3 perceived by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) DAF-38 in ASK activates glutamatergic transmission into AIA interneurons. ascr#10 perceived by GPCR STR-2 in ASI activates the secretion of neuropeptide NLP-1, which binds to the NPR-11 receptor in AIA. Activation of both ASI and ASK is required and sufficient to remodel neurodevelopment via AIA, which triggers insulin-like signaling and inhibits autophagy in adult neurons non-cell-autonomously. Our work reveals how pheromone perception at the early developmental stage modulates neurodegeneration in adults and provides insights into how the external environment impacts neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Peng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuqing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xian-Ting Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yue Hao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qian Li
- Songjiang Institute and Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China; Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia-Jing Tong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Drobny A, Boros FA, Balta D, Prieto Huarcaya S, Caylioglu D, Qazi N, Vandrey J, Schneider Y, Dobert JP, Pitcairn C, Mazzulli JR, Zunke F. Reciprocal effects of alpha-synuclein aggregation and lysosomal homeostasis in synucleinopathy models. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:31. [PMID: 37312133 PMCID: PMC10262594 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysosomal dysfunction has been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Various molecular, clinical and genetic studies have highlighted a central role of lysosomal pathways and proteins in the pathogenesis of PD. Within PD pathology the synaptic protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) converts from a soluble monomer to oligomeric structures and insoluble amyloid fibrils. The aim of this study was to unravel the effect of αSyn aggregates on lysosomal turnover, particularly focusing on lysosomal homeostasis and cathepsins. Since these enzymes have been shown to be directly involved in the lysosomal degradation of αSyn, impairment of their enzymatic capacity has extensive consequences. METHODS We used patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and a transgenic mouse model of PD to examine the effect of intracellular αSyn conformers on cell homeostasis and lysosomal function in dopaminergic (DA) neurons by biochemical analyses. RESULTS We found impaired lysosomal trafficking of cathepsins in patient-derived DA neurons and mouse models with αSyn aggregation, resulting in reduced proteolytic activity of cathepsins in the lysosome. Using a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, which boosts hydrolase transport via activation of the SNARE protein ykt6, we enhanced the maturation and proteolytic activity of cathepsins and thereby decreased αSyn protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a strong interplay between αSyn aggregation pathways and function of lysosomal cathepsins. It appears that αSyn directly interferes with the enzymatic function of cathepsins, which might lead to a vicious cycle of impaired αSyn degradation. Lysosomal trafficking of cathepsin D (CTSD), CTSL and CTSB is disrupted when alpha-synuclein (αSyn) is aggregated. This results in a decreased proteolytic activity of cathepsins, which directly mediate αSyn clearance. Boosting the transport of the cathepsins to the lysosome increases their activity and thus contributes to efficient αSyn degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Drobny
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fanni Annamária Boros
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denise Balta
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susy Prieto Huarcaya
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Deniz Caylioglu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niyeti Qazi
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Vandrey
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yanni Schneider
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Dobert
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caleb Pitcairn
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Joseph Robert Mazzulli
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Goldstein O, Gana-Weisz M, Banfi S, Nigro V, Bar-Shira A, Thaler A, Gurevich T, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Alcalay RN, Orr-Urtreger A. Novel variants in genes related to vesicle-mediated-transport modify Parkinson's disease risk. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107608. [PMID: 37201419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES VPS35 and VPS13 have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and their shared phenotype in yeast when reduced in function is abnormal vacuolar transport. We aim to test if additional potentially deleterious variants in other genes that share this phenotype can modify the risk for PD. METHODS 77 VPS and VPS-related genes were analyzed using whole-genome-sequencing data from 202 PD patients of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) ancestry. Filtering was done based on quality and functionality scores. Ten variants in nine genes were further genotyped in 1200 consecutively recruited unrelated AJ-PD patients, and allele frequencies and odds ratio calculated compared to gnomAD-AJ-non-neuro database, in un-stratified (n = 1200) and stratified manner (LRRK2-G2019S-PD patients (n = 145), GBA-PD patients (n = 235), and non-carriers of these mutations (NC, n = 787)). RESULTS Five variants in PIK3C3, VPS11, AP1G2, HGS and VPS13D were significantly associated with PD-risk. PIK3C3-R768W showed a significant association in an un-stratified (all PDs) analysis, as well as in stratified (LRRK2, GBA, and NC) analyses (Odds ratios = 2.71, 5.32, 3.26. and 2.19 with p = 0.0015, 0.002, 0.0287, and 0.0447, respectively). AP1G2-R563W was significantly associated in LRRK2-carriers (OR = 3.69, p = 0.006) while VPS13D-D2932N was significantly associated in GBA-carriers (OR = 5.45, p = 0.0027). VPS11-C846G and HGS-S243Y were significantly associated in NC (OR = 2.48 and 2.06, with p = 0.022 and 0.0163, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Variants in genes involved in vesicle-mediated protein transport and recycling pathways, including autophagy and mitophagy, may differentially modify PD-risk in LRRK2-carriers, GBA carriers, or NC. Specifically, PIK3C3-R768W is a PD-risk allele, with the highest effect size in LRRK2-G2019S carriers. These results suggest oligogenic effect that may depends on the genetic background of the patient. An unbiased burden of mutations approach in these genes should be evaluated in additional PD and control groups. The mechanisms by which these novel variants interact and increase PD-risk should be researched in depth for better tailoring therapeutic intervention for PD prevention or slowing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orly Goldstein
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mali Gana-Weisz
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Anat Bar-Shira
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tanya Gurevich
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Movement disorders Division, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avi Orr-Urtreger
- Laboratory of Biomarkers and Genomics of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Semwal P, Rauf A, Olatunde A, Singh P, Zaky MY, Islam MM, Khalil AA, Aljohani ASM, Al Abdulmonem W, Ribaudo G. The medicinal chemistry of Urtica dioica L.: from preliminary evidence to clinical studies supporting its neuroprotective activity. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:16. [PMID: 37171512 PMCID: PMC10176313 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Urtica dioica is a perennial herb from the family of Urticaceae that is commonly known as stinging nettle. This plant is widespread in Europe, Africa, America, and a part of Asia, as it adapts to different environments and climatic conditions. The leaves, stalk, and bark of U. dioica found applications in the field of nutrition, cosmetics, textile, pest control and pharmacology. In this connection, bioactive chemical constituents such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, carotenoids, and fatty acids have been isolated from the plant. With this review, we aim at providing an updated and comprehensive overview of the contributions in literature reporting computational, in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical data supporting the therapeutic applications of U. dioica. Experimental evidence shows that U. dioica constituents and extracts can provide neuroprotective effects by acting through a combination of different molecular mechanisms, that are discussed in the review. These findings could lay the basis for the identification and design of more effective tools against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, 566/6 Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehra Dun, India.
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, 566/6 Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehra Dun, India
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Oncology Division, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Md Mozahidul Islam
- Department of Environmental Management, SESM, Independent University, Bangladesh, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Sanajou S, Erkekoğlu P, Şahin G, Baydar T. Role of aluminum exposure on Alzheimer's disease and related glycogen synthase kinase pathway. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:510-522. [PMID: 35443844 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2065291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an environmentally abundant metal that is not essential for life. There is considerable evidence that Al as a neurotoxic xenobiotic may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exposure to aluminum has been shown to cause neuronal damage that resembles the symptoms of AD. In this review, we will summarize recent data about Al as the possible risk of incidence of AD. Then glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) contributes to the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, the main component of neurofibrillary tangles, one of the hallmarks of AD as one of the mechanisms behind Al neurotoxicity will be covered. Overall, there is still a need for epidemiological studies and more in vivo and in vitro studies to determine the exact mechanisms of its neurotoxicity and the role of GSK3β in both Al toxic effect and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sanajou
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Pınar Erkekoğlu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gönül Şahin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Qiao C, Niu G, Zhao W, Quan W, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Li T, Zhou S, Huang W, Zhao L, Wu J, Cui C, Shen Y. RIPK1-Induced A1 Reactive Astrocytes in Brain in MPTP-Treated Murine Model of Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050733. [PMID: 37239205 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, including the massive activation of microglia and astrocytes and the release of inflammatory factors. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is reported to mediate cell death and inflammatory signaling, and is markedly elevated in the brain in PD mouse models. Here, we aim to explore the role of RIPK1 in regulating the neuroinflammation of PD. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 20 mg/kg four times/day), followed by necrostatin-1 treatment (Nec-1, RIPK1 inhibitor; 1.65 mg/kg once daily for seven days. Notably, the first Nec-1 was given 12 h before MPTP modeling). Behavioral tests indicated that inhibition of RIPK1 greatly relieved motor dysfunction and anxiety-like behaviors of PD mice. It also increased striatal TH expression, rescue the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and reduce activation of astrocytes in the striatum of PD mice. Furthermore, inhibition of RIPK1 expression reduced A1 astrocytes' relative gene expression (CFB, H2-T23) and inflammatory cytokine or chemokine production (CCL2, TNF-α, IL-1β) in the striatum of PD mice. Collectively, inhibition of RIPK1 expression can provide neuroprotection to PD mice, probably through inhibition of the astrocyte A1 phenotype, and thus RIPK1 might be an important target in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmeng Qiao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guyu Niu
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijiang Zhao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Quan
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Meixuan Zhang
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shengyang Zhou
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chun Cui
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanqin Shen
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi 214122, China
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Borgione E, Lo Giudice M, Santa Paola S, Giuliano M, Lanza G, Cantone M, Ferri R, Scuderi C. The Y831C Mutation of the POLG Gene in Dementia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041172. [PMID: 37189790 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The POLG gene encodes the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase γ, which is crucial for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) repair and replication. Gene mutation alters the stability of mtDNA and is associated with several clinical presentations, such as dysarthria and ophthalmoplegia (SANDO), progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), spinocerebellar ataxia and epilepsy (SCAE), Alpers syndrome, and sensory ataxic neuropathy. Recent evidence has also indicated that POLG mutations may be involved in some neurodegenerative disorders, although systematic screening is currently lacking. METHODS To investigate the frequency of POLG gene mutations in neurodegenerative disorders, we screened a group of 33 patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, some atypical parkinsonisms, and dementia of different types. RESULTS Mutational analysis revealed the presence of the heterozygous Y831C mutation in two patients, one with frontotemporal dementia and one with Lewy body dementia. The allele frequency of this mutation reported by the 1000 Genomes Project in the healthy population is 0.22%, while in our group of patients, it was 3.03%, thus showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results may expand the genotype-phenotype spectrum associated with mutations in the POLG gene and strengthen the hypothesis of a pathogenic role of the Y831C mutation in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Mariagiovanna Cantone
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", 95123 Catania, Italy
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39
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Zhang L, Wu J, Zhu Z, He Y, Fang R. Mitochondrion: A bridge linking aging and degenerative diseases. Life Sci 2023; 322:121666. [PMID: 37030614 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process, characterized by progressive loss of physiological integrity, impaired function, and increased vulnerability to death. For centuries, people have been trying hard to understand the process of aging and find effective ways to delay it. However, limited breakthroughs have been made in anti-aging area. Since the hallmarks of aging were summarized in 2013, increasing studies focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and aging-related degenerative diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that restoring mitochondrial function and biogenesis exerts beneficial effects in extending lifespan and promoting healthy aging. In this paper, we provide an overview of mitochondrial changes during aging and summarize the advanced studies in mitochondrial therapies for the treatment of degenerative diseases. Current challenges and future perspectives are proposed to provide novel and promising directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianlong Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziguan Zhu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchen He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Renpeng Fang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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40
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Palomba NP, Fortunato G, Pepe G, Modugno N, Pietracupa S, Damiano I, Mascio G, Carrillo F, Di Giovannantonio LG, Ianiro L, Martinello K, Volpato V, Desiato V, Acri R, Storto M, Nicoletti F, Webber C, Simeone A, Fucile S, Maglione V, Esposito T. Common and Rare Variants in TMEM175 Gene Concur to the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease in Italian Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2150-2173. [PMID: 36609826 PMCID: PMC9984355 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. We recently identified 16 novel genes associated with PD. In this study, we focused the attention on the common and rare variants identified in the lysosomal K+ channel TMEM175. The study includes a detailed clinical and genetic analysis of 400 cases and 300 controls. Molecular studies were performed on patient-derived fibroblasts. The functional properties of the mutant channels were assessed by patch-clamp technique and co-immunoprecipitation. We have found that TMEM175 was highly expressed in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and in microglia of the cerebral cortex of the human brain. Four common variants were associated with PD, including two novel variants rs2290402 (c.-10C > T) and rs80114247 (c.T1022C, p.M341T), located in the Kozak consensus sequence and TM3II domain, respectively. We also disclosed 13 novel highly penetrant detrimental mutations in the TMEM175 gene associated with PD. At least nine of these mutations (p.R35C, p. R183X, p.A270T, p.P308L, p.S348L, p. L405V, p.R414W, p.P427fs, p.R481W) may be sufficient to cause the disease, and the presence of mutations of other genes correlated with an earlier disease onset. In vitro functional analysis of the ion channel encoded by the mutated TMEM175 gene revealed a loss of the K+ conductance and a reduced channel affinity for Akt. Moreover, we observed an impaired autophagic/lysosomal proteolytic flux and an increase expression of unfolded protein response markers in patient-derived fibroblasts. These data suggest that mutations in TMEM175 gene may contribute to the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgio Fortunato
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council, Naples, Italy.,Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Immacolata Damiano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Federica Carrillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Viola Volpato
- Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Caleb Webber
- Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonio Simeone
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Fucile
- IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Esposito
- IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy. .,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council, Naples, Italy.
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41
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Zhang Y, Zhang C, He XZ, Li ZH, Meng JC, Mao RT, Li X, Xue R, Gui Q, Zhang GX, Wang LH. Interaction Between the Glymphatic System and α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2209-2222. [PMID: 36637746 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The glymphatic system contributes to the clearance of amyloid-β from the brain and is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease. However, whether the system is involved in the removal of α-synuclein (α-syn) and whether it is suppressed in Parkinson's disease (PD) remain largely unknown. In mice receiving the intranigral injection of recombinant human α-syn, we found that the glymphatic suppression via aquaporin-4 (AQP4) gene deletion or acetazolamide treatment reduced the clearance of injected α-syn from the brain. In mice overexpressing the human A53T-α-syn, we revealed that AQP4 deficiency accelerated the accumulation of α-syn, facilitated the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accelerated PD-like symptoms. We also found that the overexpression of A53T-α-syn reduced the expression/polarization of AQP4 and suppressed the glymphatic activity of mice. The study demonstrates a close interaction between the AQP4-mediated glymphatic system and parenchymal α-syn, indicating that restoring the glymphatic activity is a potential therapeutic target to delay PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Zhong He
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Cai Meng
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Ting Mao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xue
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gui
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 26 Dao-Qian Street, Suzhou, 215002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Xing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Sataer X, Qifeng Z, Yingying Z, Chunhua H, Bingzhenga F, Zhiran X, Wanli L, Yuwei Y, Shuangfeng C, Lingling W, Hongri H, Jibing C, Xiaoping R, Hongjun G. Exosomal microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurol Res 2023; 45:191-199. [PMID: 36184105 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2129768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
Abstract
Originating from slow irreversible and progressive loss and dysfunction of neurons and synapses in the nervous system, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) affect millions of people worldwide. Common NDDs include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Currently, no sensitive biomarkers are available to monitor the progression and treatment response of NDDs or to predict their prognosis. Exosomes (EXOs) are small bilipid layer-enclosed extracellular vesicles containing numerous biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Recent evidence indicates that EXOs are pathogenic participants in the spread of neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to disease progression and spread. EXOs are also important tools for diagnosis and treatment. Recently, studies have proposed exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) as the targets for therapies or biomarkers of NDDs. In this review, we outline the latest research on the roles of exosomal miRNAs in NDDs and their applications as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers, targets, and drugs for NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehereti Sataer
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China.,Department of Urology Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, China
| | - Zhu Qifeng
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Zhang Yingying
- Department of Foreign Language, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530200 Nanning, China
| | - He Chunhua
- Department of Urology Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, China
| | - Feng Bingzhenga
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Xu Zhiran
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Li Wanli
- Department of Foreign Language, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530200 Nanning, China
| | - Yang Yuwei
- Department of Foreign Language, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530200 Nanning, China
| | - Chen Shuangfeng
- Department of Urology Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054 Urumqi, China
| | - Wu Lingling
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Huang Hongri
- R & D Center, Guangxi Taimei Rensheng Biotechnology Co Ltd, 530006 Nanning, China
| | - Chen Jibing
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Ren Xiaoping
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
| | - Gao Hongjun
- Center for Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 530011 Nanning, China
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43
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Wilson DM, Cookson MR, Van Den Bosch L, Zetterberg H, Holtzman DM, Dewachter I. Hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Cell 2023; 186:693-714. [PMID: 36803602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 263.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research have identified genetic factors and biochemical pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). We present evidence for the following eight hallmarks of NDD: pathological protein aggregation, synaptic and neuronal network dysfunction, aberrant proteostasis, cytoskeletal abnormalities, altered energy homeostasis, DNA and RNA defects, inflammation, and neuronal cell death. We describe the hallmarks, their biomarkers, and their interactions as a framework to study NDDs using a holistic approach. The framework can serve as a basis for defining pathogenic mechanisms, categorizing different NDDs based on their primary hallmarks, stratifying patients within a specific NDD, and designing multi-targeted, personalized therapies to effectively halt NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Wilson
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; UW Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ilse Dewachter
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
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44
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Ho GPH, Wilkie EC, White AJ, Selkoe DJ. Palmitoylation of the Parkinson's disease-associated protein synaptotagmin-11 links its turnover to α-synuclein homeostasis. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadd7220. [PMID: 36787382 PMCID: PMC10150695 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.add7220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Synaptotagmin-11 (Syt11) is a vesicle-trafficking protein that is linked genetically to Parkinson's disease (PD). Likewise, the protein α-synuclein regulates vesicle trafficking, and its abnormal aggregation in neurons is the defining cytopathology of PD. Because of their functional similarities in the same disease context, we investigated whether the two proteins were connected. We found that Syt11 was palmitoylated in mouse and human brain tissue and in cultured cortical neurons and that this modification to Syt11 disrupted α-synuclein homeostasis in neurons. Palmitoylation of two cysteines adjacent to the transmembrane domain, Cys39 and Cys40, localized Syt11 to digitonin-insoluble portions of intracellular membranes and protected it from degradation by the endolysosomal system. In neurons, palmitoylation of Syt11 increased its abundance and enhanced the binding of α-synuclein to intracellular membranes. As a result, the abundance of the physiologic tetrameric form of α-synuclein was decreased, and that of its aggregation-prone monomeric form was increased. These effects were replicated by overexpression of wild-type Syt11 but not a palmitoylation-deficient mutant. These findings suggest that palmitoylation-mediated increases in Syt11 amounts may promote pathological α-synuclein aggregation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P. H. Ho
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Erin C. Wilkie
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Andrew J. White
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Dennis J. Selkoe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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45
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Boecker CA. The Role of LRRK2 in Intracellular Organelle Dynamics. J Mol Biol 2023:167998. [PMID: 36764357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.167998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene hyperactivate LRRK2 kinase activity and lead to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Membrane recruitment of LRRK2 and the identification of RAB GTPases as bona fide LRRK2 substrates strongly indicate that LRRK2 regulates intracellular trafficking. This review highlights the current literature on the role of LRRK2 in intracellular organelle dynamics. With a focus on the effects of LRRK2 on microtubule function, mitochondrial dynamics, the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, and synaptic vesicle trafficking, it summarizes our current understanding of how intracellular dynamics are altered upon pathogenic LRRK2 hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alexander Boecker
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.
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46
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Weng YT, Chang YM, Chern Y. The Impact of Dysregulated microRNA Biogenesis Machinery and microRNA Sorting on Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043443. [PMID: 36834853 PMCID: PMC9959302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-nucleotide noncoding RNAs involved in the differentiation, development, and function of cells in the body by targeting the 3'- untranslated regions (UTR) of mRNAs for degradation or translational inhibition. miRNAs not only affect gene expression inside the cells but also, when sorted into exosomes, systemically mediate the communication between different types of cells. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are age-associated, chronic neurological diseases characterized by the aggregation of misfolded proteins, which results in the progressive degeneration of selected neuronal population(s). The dysregulation of biogenesis and/or sorting of miRNAs into exosomes was reported in several NDs, including Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many studies support the possible roles of dysregulated miRNAs in NDs as biomarkers and therapeutic treatments. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulated miRNAs in NDs is therefore timely and important for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this review, we focus on the dysregulated miRNA machinery and the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in NDs. The tools that are available to identify the target miRNA-mRNA axes in NDs in an unbiased manner are also discussed.
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47
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Tan S, Lu R, Yao D, Wang J, Gao P, Xie G, Liu H, Yao X. Identification of LRRK2 Inhibitors through Computational Drug Repurposing. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:481-493. [PMID: 36649061 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than ten million people worldwide. However, the current PD treatments are still limited and alternative treatment strategies are urgently required. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been recognized as a promising target for PD treatment. However, there are no approved LRRK2 inhibitors on the market. To rapidly identify potential drug repurposing candidates that inhibit LRRK2 kinase, we report a structure-based drug repurposing workflow that combines molecular docking, recursive partitioning model, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) calculation. Thirteen compounds screened from our drug repurposing workflow were further evaluated through the experiment. The experimental results showed six drugs (Abivertinib, Aumolertinib, Encorafenib, Bosutinib, Rilzabrutinib, and Mobocertinib) with IC50 less than 5 μM that were identified as potential LRRK2 kinase inhibitors. The most potent compound Abivertinib showed potent inhibitions with IC50 toward G2019S mutation and wild-type LRRK2 of 410.3 nM and 177.0 nM, respectively. Our combination screening strategy had a 53% hit rate in this repurposing task. MD simulations and MM-GBSA free energy analysis further revealed the atomic binding mechanism between the identified drugs and G2019S LRRK2. In summary, the results showed that our drug repurposing workflow could be used to identify potent compounds for LRRK2. The potent inhibitors discovered in our work can be a starting point to develop more effective LRRK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyan Tan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Ruiqiang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Dahong Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Ping An Healthcare Technology, Beijing100000, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Ping An Healthcare Technology, Beijing100000, China
| | - Guotong Xie
- Ping An Healthcare Technology, Beijing100000, China
| | - Huanxiang Liu
- Faculty of Applied Science, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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48
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Jiang H, Wei H, Zhou Y, Xiao X, Zhou C, Ji X. Overview of the meningeal lymphatic vessels in aging and central nervous system disorders. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:202. [PMID: 36528776 PMCID: PMC9759913 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the aging process and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, the functions of the meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are impaired. Alterations in MLVs have been observed in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and even cerebrovascular disease. These findings reveal a new perspective on aging and CNS disorders and provide a promising therapeutic target. Additionally, recent neuropathological studies have shown that MLVs exchange soluble components between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) and drain metabolites, cellular debris, misfolded proteins, and immune cells from the CSF into the deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs), directly connecting the brain with the peripheral circulation. Impairment and dysfunction of meningeal lymphatics can lead to the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain, exacerbating the progression of neurological disorders. However, for many CNS diseases, the causal relationship between MLVs and neuropathological changes is not fully clear. Here, after a brief historical retrospection, we review recent discoveries about the hallmarks of MLVs and their roles in the aging and CNS diseases, as well as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jiang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Huimin Wei
- grid.64939.310000 0000 9999 1211Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- grid.64939.310000 0000 9999 1211Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Chen Zhou
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Xunming Ji
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
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Huntingtin and Other Neurodegeneration-Associated Proteins in the Development of Intracellular Pathologies: Potential Target Search for Therapeutic Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415533. [PMID: 36555175 PMCID: PMC9779313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are currently incurable. Numerous experimental data accumulated over the past fifty years have brought us closer to understanding the molecular and cell mechanisms responsible for their development. However, these data are not enough for a complete understanding of the genesis of these diseases, nor to suggest treatment methods. It turns out that many cellular pathologies developing during neurodegeneration coincide from disease to disease. These observations give hope to finding a common intracellular target(s) and to offering a universal method of treatment. In this review, we attempt to analyze data on similar cellular disorders among neurodegenerative diseases in general, and polyglutamine neurodegenerative diseases in particular, focusing on the interaction of various proteins involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases with various cellular organelles. The main purposes of this review are: (1) to outline the spectrum of common intracellular pathologies and to answer the question of whether it is possible to find potential universal target(s) for therapeutic intervention; (2) to identify specific intracellular pathologies and to speculate about a possible general approach for their treatment.
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van den Hurk M, Lau S, Marchetto MC, Mertens J, Stern S, Corti O, Brice A, Winner B, Winkler J, Gage FH, Bardy C. Druggable transcriptomic pathways revealed in Parkinson's patient-derived midbrain neurons. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:134. [PMID: 36258029 PMCID: PMC9579158 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex genetic predispositions accelerate the chronic degeneration of midbrain substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Deciphering the human molecular makeup of PD pathophysiology can guide the discovery of therapeutics to slow the disease progression. However, insights from human postmortem brain studies only portray the latter stages of PD, and there is a lack of data surrounding molecular events preceding the neuronal loss in patients. We address this gap by identifying the gene dysregulation of live midbrain neurons reprogrammed in vitro from the skin cells of 42 individuals, including sporadic and familial PD patients and matched healthy controls. To minimize bias resulting from neuronal reprogramming and RNA-seq methods, we developed an analysis pipeline integrating PD transcriptomes from different RNA-seq datasets (unsorted and sorted bulk vs. single-cell and Patch-seq) and reprogramming strategies (induced pluripotency vs. direct conversion). This PD cohort’s transcriptome is enriched for human genes associated with known clinical phenotypes of PD, regulation of locomotion, bradykinesia and rigidity. Dysregulated gene expression emerges strongest in pathways underlying synaptic transmission, metabolism, intracellular trafficking, neural morphogenesis and cellular stress/immune responses. We confirmed a synaptic impairment with patch-clamping and identified pesticides and endoplasmic reticulum stressors as the most significant gene-chemical interactions in PD. Subsequently, we associated the PD transcriptomic profile with candidate pharmaceuticals in a large database and a registry of current clinical trials. This study highlights human transcriptomic pathways that can be targeted therapeutically before the irreversible neuronal loss. Furthermore, it demonstrates the preclinical relevance of unbiased large transcriptomic assays of reprogrammed patient neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark van den Hurk
- grid.430453.50000 0004 0565 2606South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Shong Lau
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Maria C. Marchetto
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Jerome Mertens
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Neural Aging Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology, CMBI, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol Austria
| | - Shani Stern
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.18098.380000 0004 1937 0562Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Corti
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU BioGeM, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- grid.425274.20000 0004 0620 5939Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, DMU BioGeM, Paris, France
| | - Beate Winner
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany ,grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fred H. Gage
- grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Cedric Bardy
- grid.430453.50000 0004 0565 2606South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA Australia ,grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA Australia
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