1
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Hu HT, Hsueh YP. KLHL17 differentially controls the expression of AMPA- and KA-type glutamate receptors to regulate dendritic spine enlargement. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38898681 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Kelch-like family member 17 (KLHL17), an actin-associated adaptor protein, is linked to neurological disorders, including infantile spasms and autism spectrum disorders. The key morphological feature of Klhl17-deficient neurons is impaired dendritic spine enlargement, resulting in the amplitude of calcium events being increased. Our previous studies have indicated an involvement of F-actin and the spine apparatus in KLHL17-mediated dendritic spine enlargement. Here, we show that KLHL17 further employs different mechanisms to control the expression of two types of glutamate receptors, that is, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and kainate receptors (KARs), to regulate dendritic spine enlargement and calcium influx. We deployed proteomics to reveal that KLHL17 interacts with N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) in neurons, with this interaction of KLHL17 and NSF enhancing NSF protein levels. Consistent with the function of NSF in regulating the surface expression of AMPAR, Klhl17 deficiency limits the surface expression of AMPAR, but not its total protein levels. The NSF pathway also contributes to synaptic F-actin distribution and the dendritic spine enlargement mediated by KLHL17. KLHL17 is known to act as an adaptor mediating degradation of the KAR subunit GluK2 by the CUL3 ubiquitin ligase complex, and Klhl17 deficiency impairs activity-dependent degradation of GluK2. Herein, we further demonstrate that GluK2 is critical to the increased amplitude of calcium influx in Klhl17-deficient neurons. Moreover, GluK2 is also involved in KLHL17-regulated dendritic spine enlargement. Thus, our study reveals that KLHL17 controls AMPAR and KAR expression via at least two mechanisms, consequently regulating dendritic spine enlargement. The regulatory effects of KLHL17 on these two glutamate receptors likely contribute to neuronal features in patients suffering from certain neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Tang Hu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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2
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Pontifex CS, Zaman M, Fanganiello RD, Shutt TE, Pfeffer G. Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP): A Review of Its Diverse Molecular Functions and Clinical Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5633. [PMID: 38891822 PMCID: PMC11172259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review we examine the functionally diverse ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA-ATPase), valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), its molecular functions, the mutational landscape of VCP and the phenotypic manifestation of VCP disease. VCP is crucial to a multitude of cellular functions including protein quality control, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), autophagy, mitophagy, lysophagy, stress granule formation and clearance, DNA replication and mitosis, DNA damage response including nucleotide excision repair, ATM- and ATR-mediated damage response, homologous repair and non-homologous end joining. VCP variants cause multisystem proteinopathy, and pathology can arise in several tissue types such as skeletal muscle, bone, brain, motor neurons, sensory neurons and possibly cardiac muscle, with the disease course being challenging to predict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly S. Pontifex
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (C.S.P.); (M.Z.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Mashiat Zaman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (C.S.P.); (M.Z.); (T.E.S.)
- Alberta Child Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | - Timothy E. Shutt
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (C.S.P.); (M.Z.); (T.E.S.)
- Alberta Child Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (C.S.P.); (M.Z.); (T.E.S.)
- Alberta Child Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Heritage Medical Research Building 155, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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3
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Huang TN, Shih YT, Yen TL, Hsueh YP. Vcp overexpression and leucine supplementation extend lifespan and ameliorate neuromuscular junction phenotypes of a SOD1G93A-ALS mouse model. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:935-944. [PMID: 38382647 PMCID: PMC11102594 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Many genes with distinct molecular functions have been linked to genetically heterogeneous amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including SuperOxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP). SOD1 converts superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. VCP acts as a chaperon to regulate protein degradation and synthesis and various other cellular responses. Although the functions of these two genes differ, in the current report we show that overexpression of wild-type VCP in mice enhances lifespan and maintains the size of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of both male and female SOD1G93A mice, a well-known ALS mouse model. Although VCP exerts multiple functions, its regulation of ER formation and consequent protein synthesis has been shown to play the most important role in controlling dendritic spine formation and social and memory behaviors. Given that SOD1 mutation results in protein accumulation and aggregation, it may direct VCP to the protein degradation pathway, thereby impairing protein synthesis. Since we previously showed that the protein synthesis defects caused by Vcp deficiency can be improved by leucine supplementation, to confirm the role of the VCP-protein synthesis pathway in SOD1-linked ALS, we applied leucine supplementation to SOD1G93A mice and, similar to Vcp overexpression, we found that it extends SOD1G93A mouse lifespan. In addition, the phenotypes of reduced muscle strength and fewer NMJs of SOD1G93A mice are also improved by leucine supplementation. These results support the existence of crosstalk between SOD1 and VCP and suggest a critical role for protein synthesis in ASL. Our study also implies a potential therapeutic treatment for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzyy-Nan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec 2, Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Tzu Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec 2, Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tzu-Li Yen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec 2, Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec 2, Academia Rd, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
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4
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Van de Vondel L, De Winter J, Timmerman V, Baets J. Overarching pathomechanisms in inherited peripheral neuropathies, spastic paraplegias, and cerebellar ataxias. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:227-238. [PMID: 38360512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
International consortia collaborating on the genetics of rare diseases have significantly boosted our understanding of inherited neurological disorders. Historical clinical classification boundaries were drawn between disorders with seemingly different etiologies, such as inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs), spastic paraplegias, and cerebellar ataxias. These clinically defined borders are being challenged by the identification of mutations in genes displaying wide phenotypic spectra and by shared pathomechanistic themes, which are valuable indications for therapy development. We highlight common cellular alterations that underlie this genetic landscape, including alteration of cytoskeleton, axonal transport, mitochondrial function, and DNA repair response. Finally, we discuss venues for future research using the long axonopathies of the PNS as a model to explore other neurogenetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liedewei Van de Vondel
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan De Winter
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
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5
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Damiani D, Baggiani M, Della Vecchia S, Naef V, Santorelli FM. Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Preclinical Cellular Model for Studying Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2615. [PMID: 38473862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) comprise a family of degenerative diseases mostly hitting descending axons of corticospinal neurons. Depending on the gene and mutation involved, the disease could present as a pure form with limb spasticity, or a complex form associated with cerebellar and/or cortical signs such as ataxia, dysarthria, epilepsy, and intellectual disability. The progressive nature of HSPs invariably leads patients to require walking canes or wheelchairs over time. Despite several attempts to ameliorate the life quality of patients that have been tested, current therapeutical approaches are just symptomatic, as no cure is available. Progress in research in the last two decades has identified a vast number of genes involved in HSP etiology, using cellular and animal models generated on purpose. Although unanimously considered invaluable tools for basic research, those systems are rarely predictive for the establishment of a therapeutic approach. The advent of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells allowed instead the direct study of morphological and molecular properties of the patient's affected neurons generated upon in vitro differentiation. In this review, we revisited all the present literature recently published regarding the use of iPS cells to differentiate HSP patient-specific neurons. Most studies have defined patient-derived neurons as a reliable model to faithfully mimic HSP in vitro, discovering original findings through immunological and -omics approaches, and providing a platform to screen novel or repurposed drugs. Thereby, one of the biggest hopes of current HSP research regards the use of patient-derived iPS cells to expand basic knowledge on the disease, while simultaneously establishing new therapeutic treatments for both generalized and personalized approaches in daily medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devid Damiani
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Baggiani
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Della Vecchia
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Naef
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Via dei Giacinti 2, 56128 Pisa, Italy
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6
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Wang UTT, Tian X, Liou YH, Lee SP, Hu HT, Lu CH, Lin PT, Cheng YJ, Chen P, Chen BC. Protein and lipid expansion microscopy with trypsin and tyramide signal amplification for 3D imaging. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21922. [PMID: 38081848 PMCID: PMC10713663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Expansion microscopy, whereby the relative positions of biomolecules are physically increased via hydrogel expansion, can be used to reveal ultrafine structures of cells under a conventional microscope. Despite its utility for achieving super-resolution imaging, expansion microscopy suffers a major drawback, namely reduced fluorescence signals caused by excessive proteolysis and swelling effects. This caveat results in a lower photon budget and disfavors fluorescence imaging over a large field of view that can cover an entire expanded cell, especially in 3D. In addition, the complex procedures and specialized reagents of expansion microscopy hinder its popularization. Here, we modify expansion microscopy by deploying trypsin digestion to reduce protein loss and tyramide signal amplification to enhance fluorescence signal for point-scanning-based imaging. We name our new methodology TT-ExM to indicate dual trypsin and tyramide treatments. TT-ExM may be applied for both antibody and lipid staining. TT-ExM displayed enhanced protein retention for endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial markers in COS-7 cell cultures. Importantly, TT-ExM-based lipid staining clearly revealed the complex 3D membrane structures in entire expanded cells. Through combined lipid and DNA staining, our TT-ExM methodology highlighted mitochondria by revealing their DNA and membrane structures in cytoplasm, as well as the lipid-rich structures formed via phase separation in nuclei at interphase. We also observed lipid-rich chromosome matrices in the mitotic cells. These high-quality 3D images demonstrate the practicality of TT-ExM. Thus, readily available reagents can be deployed in TT-ExM to significantly enhance fluorescence signals and generate high-quality and ultrafine-resolution images under confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ueh-Ting Tim Wang
- Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106348, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Xuejiao Tian
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yae-Huei Liou
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Ping Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Tang Hu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Han Lu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Program, NPAS, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Chang Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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7
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Mah-Som AY, Daw J, Huynh D, Wu M, Creekmore BC, Burns W, Skinner SA, Holla ØL, Smeland MF, Planes M, Uguen K, Redon S, Bierhals T, Scholz T, Denecke J, Mensah MA, Sczakiel HL, Tichy H, Verheyen S, Blatterer J, Schreiner E, Thies J, Lam C, Spaeth CG, Pena L, Ramsey K, Narayanan V, Seaver LH, Rodriguez D, Afenjar A, Burglen L, Lee EB, Chou TF, Weihl CC, Shinawi MS. An autosomal-dominant childhood-onset disorder associated with pathogenic variants in VCP. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:1959-1975. [PMID: 37883978 PMCID: PMC10645565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is an AAA+ ATPase that plays critical roles in multiple ubiquitin-dependent cellular processes. Dominant pathogenic variants in VCP are associated with adult-onset multisystem proteinopathy (MSP), which manifests as myopathy, bone disease, dementia, and/or motor neuron disease. Through GeneMatcher, we identified 13 unrelated individuals who harbor heterozygous VCP variants (12 de novo and 1 inherited) associated with a childhood-onset disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, and macrocephaly. Trio exome sequencing or a multigene panel identified nine missense variants, two in-frame deletions, one frameshift, and one splicing variant. We performed in vitro functional studies and in silico modeling to investigate the impact of these variants on protein function. In contrast to MSP variants, most missense variants had decreased ATPase activity, and one caused hyperactivation. Other variants were predicted to cause haploinsufficiency, suggesting a loss-of-function mechanism. This cohort expands the spectrum of VCP-related disease to include neurodevelopmental disease presenting in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Y Mah-Som
- Genetics Training Program, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jil Daw
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Diana Huynh
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Mengcheng Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Benjamin C Creekmore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Øystein L Holla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Marie F Smeland
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway and the Arctic, University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marc Planes
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, and Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles, Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Brest, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Kevin Uguen
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, and Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles, Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Sylvia Redon
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, and Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles, Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Tatjana Bierhals
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tasja Scholz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Denecke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin A Mensah
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; RG Development and Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrike L Sczakiel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; RG Development and Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heidelis Tichy
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Verheyen
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jasmin Blatterer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schreiner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jenny Thies
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Christina Lam
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Christine G Spaeth
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Loren Pena
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Keri Ramsey
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Vinodh Narayanan
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Laurie H Seaver
- Corewell Health Helen Devos Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- Departement of Pediatric Neurology & Reference Centre for Congenital Malformations and Diseases of the Cerebellum, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université - Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Cerebellar Malformations and Congenital Diseases Reference Center and Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Genetics, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Cerebellar Malformations and Congenital Diseases Reference Center and Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Genetics, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Conrad C Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Marwan S Shinawi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Chu S, Xie X, Payan C, Stochaj U. Valosin containing protein (VCP): initiator, modifier, and potential drug target for neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:52. [PMID: 37545006 PMCID: PMC10405438 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The AAA+ ATPase valosin containing protein (VCP) is essential for cell and organ homeostasis, especially in cells of the nervous system. As part of a large network, VCP collaborates with many cofactors to ensure proteostasis under normal, stress, and disease conditions. A large number of mutations have revealed the importance of VCP for human health. In particular, VCP facilitates the dismantling of protein aggregates and the removal of dysfunctional organelles. These are critical events to prevent malfunction of the brain and other parts of the nervous system. In line with this idea, VCP mutants are linked to the onset and progression of neurodegeneration and other diseases. The intricate molecular mechanisms that connect VCP mutations to distinct brain pathologies continue to be uncovered. Emerging evidence supports the model that VCP controls cellular functions on multiple levels and in a cell type specific fashion. Accordingly, VCP mutants derail cellular homeostasis through several mechanisms that can instigate disease. Our review focuses on the association between VCP malfunction and neurodegeneration. We discuss the latest insights in the field, emphasize open questions, and speculate on the potential of VCP as a drug target for some of the most devastating forms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chu
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Carla Payan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada.
- Quantitative Life Sciences Program, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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9
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Hu HT, Lin YJ, Wang UTT, Lee SP, Liou YH, Chen BC, Hsueh YP. Autism-related KLHL17 and SYNPO act in concert to control activity-dependent dendritic spine enlargement and the spine apparatus. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002274. [PMID: 37651441 PMCID: PMC10499226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines, the tiny and actin-rich protrusions emerging from dendrites, are the subcellular locations of excitatory synapses in the mammalian brain that control synaptic activity and plasticity. Dendritic spines contain a specialized form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), i.e., the spine apparatus, required for local calcium signaling and that is involved in regulating dendritic spine enlargement and synaptic plasticity. Many autism-linked genes have been shown to play critical roles in synaptic formation and plasticity. Among them, KLHL17 is known to control dendritic spine enlargement during development. As a brain-specific disease-associated gene, KLHL17 is expected to play a critical role in the brain, but it has not yet been well characterized. In this study, we report that KLHL17 expression in mice is strongly regulated by neuronal activity and KLHL17 modulates the synaptic distribution of synaptopodin (SYNPO), a marker of the spine apparatus. Both KLHL17 and SYNPO are F-actin-binding proteins linked to autism. SYNPO is known to maintain the structure of the spine apparatus in mature spines and contributes to synaptic plasticity. Our super-resolution imaging using expansion microscopy demonstrates that SYNPO is indeed embedded into the ER network of dendritic spines and that KLHL17 is closely adjacent to the ER/SYNPO complex. Using mouse genetic models, we further show that Klhl17 haploinsufficiency and knockout result in fewer dendritic spines containing ER clusters and an alteration of calcium events at dendritic spines. Accordingly, activity-dependent dendritic spine enlargement and neuronal activation (reflected by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and C-FOS expression) are impaired. In addition, we show that the effect of disrupting the KLHL17 and SYNPO association is similar to the results of Klhl17 haploinsufficiency and knockout, further strengthening the evidence that KLHL17 and SYNPO act together to regulate synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, our findings unravel a role for KLHL17 in controlling synaptic plasticity via its regulation of SYNPO and synaptic ER clustering and imply that impaired synaptic plasticity contributes to the etiology of KLHL17-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Tang Hu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jui Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ueh-Ting Tim Wang
- Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Ping Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yae-Huei Liou
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Chang Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Yen TL, Huang TN, Lin MH, Hsu TT, Lu MH, Shih PY, Ellegood J, Lerch J, Hsueh YP. Sex bias in social deficits, neural circuits and nutrient demand in Cttnbp2 autism models. Brain 2023; 146:2612-2626. [PMID: 36385662 PMCID: PMC10232293 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders caused by both genetic and environmental factors are strongly male-biased neuropsychiatric conditions. However, the mechanism underlying the sex bias of autism spectrum disorders remains elusive. Here, we use a mouse model in which the autism-linked gene Cttnbp2 is mutated to explore the potential mechanism underlying the autism sex bias. Autism-like features of Cttnbp2 mutant mice were assessed via behavioural assays. C-FOS staining identified sex-biased brain regions critical to social interaction, with their roles and connectivity then validated by chemogenetic manipulation. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses established sex-biased molecular deficits at synapses, prompting our hypothesis that male-biased nutrient demand magnifies Cttnbp2 deficiency. Accordingly, intakes of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and zinc were experimentally altered to assess their effect on autism-like behaviours. Both deletion and autism-linked mutation of Cttnbp2 result in male-biased social deficits. Seven brain regions, including the infralimbic area of the medial prefrontal cortex (ILA), exhibit reduced neural activity in male mutant mice but not in females upon social stimulation. ILA activation by chemogenetic manipulation is sufficient to activate four of those brain regions susceptible to Cttnbp2 deficiency and consequently to ameliorate social deficits in male mice, implying an ILA-regulated neural circuit is critical to male-biased social deficits. Proteomics analysis reveals male-specific downregulated proteins (including SHANK2 and PSD-95, two synaptic zinc-binding proteins) and female-specific upregulated proteins (including RRAGC) linked to neuropsychiatric disorders, which are likely relevant to male-biased deficits and a female protective effect observed in Cttnbp2 mutant mice. Notably, RRAGC is an upstream regulator of mTOR that senses BCAA, suggesting that mTOR exerts a beneficial effect on females. Indeed, increased BCAA intake activates the mTOR pathway and rescues neuronal responses and social behaviours of male Cttnbp2 mutant mice. Moreover, mutant males exhibit greatly increased zinc demand to display normal social behaviours. Mice carrying an autism-linked Cttnbp2 mutation exhibit male-biased social deficits linked to specific brain regions, differential synaptic proteomes and higher demand for BCAA and zinc. We postulate that lower demand for zinc and BCAA are relevant to the female protective effect. Our study reveals a mechanism underlying sex-biased social defects and also suggests a potential therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Li Yen
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzyy-Nan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hui Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsan-Ting Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pu-Yun Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jason Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
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11
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Columbres RCA, Chin Y, Pratti S, Quinn C, Gonzalez-Cuyar LF, Weiss M, Quintero-Rivera F, Kimonis V. Novel Variants in the VCP Gene Causing Multisystem Proteinopathy 1. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030676. [PMID: 36980948 PMCID: PMC10048343 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene mutations have been associated with a rare autosomal dominant, adult-onset progressive disease known as multisystem proteinopathy 1 (MSP1), or inclusion body myopathy (IBM), Paget's disease of bone (PDB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), (IBMPFD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We report the clinical and genetic analysis findings in five patients, three from the same family, with novel VCP gene variants: NM_007126.5 c.1106T>C (p.I369T), c.478G>A (p.A160T), and c.760A>T (p.I254F), associated with cardinal MSP1 manifestations including myopathy, PDB, and FTD. Our report adds to the spectrum of heterozygous pathogenic variants found in the VCP gene and the high degree of clinical heterogeneity. This case series prompts increased awareness and early consideration of MSP1 in the differential diagnosis of myopathies and/or PDB, dementia, or ALS to improve the diagnosis and early management of clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rod Carlo Agram Columbres
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
| | - Yue Chin
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
| | - Sanjana Pratti
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
| | - Colin Quinn
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luis F Gonzalez-Cuyar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Michael Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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12
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Wang YL, Wang JG, Guo S, Guo FL, Liu EJ, Yang X, Feng B, Wang JZ, Vreugdenhil M, Lu CB. Oligomeric β-Amyloid Suppresses Hippocampal γ-Oscillations through Activation of the mTOR/S6K1 Pathway. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0123. [PMID: 37163441 PMCID: PMC10389838 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal synchronization at gamma frequency (30-100 Hz: γ) is impaired in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and AD models. Oligomeric Aβ1-42 caused a concentration-dependent reduction of γ-oscillation strength and regularity while increasing its frequency. The mTOR1 inhibitor rapamycin prevented the Aβ1-42-induced suppression of γ-oscillations, whereas the mTOR activator leucine mimicked the Aβ1-42-induced suppression. Activation of the downstream kinase S6K1, but not inhibition of eIF4E, was required for the Aβ1-42-induced suppression. The involvement of the mTOR/S6K1 signaling in the Aβ1-42-induced suppression was confirmed in Aβ-overexpressing APP/PS1 mice, where inhibiting mTOR or S6K1 restored degraded γ-oscillations. To assess the network changes that may underlie the mTOR/S6K1 mediated γ-oscillation impairment in AD, we tested the effect of Aβ1-42 on IPSCs and EPSCs recorded in pyramidal neurons. Aβ1-42 reduced EPSC amplitude and frequency and IPSC frequency, which could be prevented by inhibiting mTOR or S6K1. These experiments indicate that in early AD, oligomer Aβ1-42 impairs γ-oscillations by reducing inhibitory interneuron activity by activating the mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway, which may contribute to early cognitive decline and provides new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian-Gang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuling Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Luminghu District, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Fang-Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, Anyang District Hospital of Puyang City, Anyang, China
| | - En-Jie Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bingyan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Martin Vreugdenhil
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cheng-Biao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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13
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Zhang G, Feng Y, Wang M, Liu X. ATL1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells via inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23237. [PMID: 36193555 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major cause of hypertension in maternal and fetal. Atlastin-1 (ATL1), one regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology, participates in tubular ER formation and protein synthesis. The objective of this study is to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of ATL1 in PE. GEO databases showed that ATL1 was upregulated in PE patients. Our data also found that ATL1 was highly expressed in PE placental tissues. The cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells increased/decreased after the downregulation/upregulation of ATL1. The mTOR pathway is the downstream pathway of ATL1. The levels of p-p70S6K and p-mTOR were increased/decreased after the downregulation/upregulation of ATL1. Moreover, rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR pathway, reversed the promotive effect of siATL1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion in HTR-8/SVneo cells. In conclusion, ATL1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells via the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway in HTR-8/SVneo cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanli Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Obstetrics, Liaocheng Dongchangfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Liaocheng Dongchangfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Liaocheng Dongchangfu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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14
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Konietzny A, Wegmann S, Mikhaylova M. The endoplasmic reticulum puts a new spin on synaptic tagging. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:32-44. [PMID: 36428191 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) makes it a versatile platform for a broad range of homeostatic processes, ranging from calcium regulation to synthesis and trafficking of proteins and lipids. It is not surprising that neurons use this organelle to fine-tune synaptic properties and thereby provide specificity to synaptic inputs. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that enable activity-dependent ER recruitment into dendritic spines, with a focus on molecular mechanisms that mediate transport and retention of the ER in spines. The role of calcium signaling in spine ER, synaptopodin 'tagging' of active synapses, and the formation of the spine apparatus (SA) are highlighted. Finally, we discuss the role of liquid-liquid phase separation as a possible driving force in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Konietzny
- AG Optobiology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Guest Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- AG Optobiology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Guest Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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15
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Otero PA, Fricklas G, Nigam A, Lizama BN, Wills ZP, Johnson JW, Chu CT. Endogenous PTEN-Induced Kinase 1 Regulates Dendritic Architecture and Spinogenesis. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7848-7860. [PMID: 36414008 PMCID: PMC9581559 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0785-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) contribute to autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease with cognitive and neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Disturbances in dendritic and spine architecture are hallmarks of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions, but little is known of the impact of PINK1 on these structures. We used Pink1 -/- mice to study the role of endogenous PINK1 in regulating dendritic architecture, spine density, and spine maturation. Pink1 -/- cortical neurons of unknown sex showed decreased dendritic arborization, affecting both apical and basal arbors. Dendritic simplification in Pink1 -/- neurons was primarily driven by diminished branching with smaller effects on branch lengths. Pink1 -/- neurons showed reduced spine density with a shift in morphology to favor filopodia at the expense of mushroom spines. Electrophysiology revealed significant reductions in miniature EPSC (mEPSC) frequency in Pink1 -/- neurons, consistent with the observation of decreased spine numbers. Transfecting with human PINK1 rescued changes in dendritic architecture, in thin, stubby, and mushroom spine densities, and in mEPSC frequency. Diminished spine density was also observed in Golgi-Cox stained adult male Pink1 -/- brains. Western blot study of Pink1 -/- brains of either sex revealed reduced phosphorylation of NSFL1 cofactor p47, an indirect target of PINK1. Transfection of Pink1 -/- neurons with a phosphomimetic p47 plasmid rescued dendritic branching and thin/stubby spine density with a partial rescue of mushroom spines, implicating a role for PINK1-regulated p47 phosphorylation in dendrite and spine development. These findings suggest that PINK1-dependent synaptodendritic alterations may contribute to the risk of cognitive and/or neuropsychiatric pathologies observed in PINK1-mutated families.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Loss of PINK1 function has been implicated in both familial and sporadic neurodegenerative diseases. Yet surprisingly little is known of the impact of PINK1 loss on the fine structure of neurons. Neurons receive excitatory synaptic signals along a complex network of projections that form the dendritic tree, largely at tiny protrusions called dendritic spines. We studied cortical neurons and brain tissues from mice lacking PINK1. We discovered that PINK1 deficiency causes striking simplification of dendritic architecture associated with reduced synaptic input and decreased spine density and maturation. These changes are reversed by reintroducing human PINK1 or one of its downstream mediators into PINK1-deficient mouse neurons, indicating a conserved function, whose loss may contribute to neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Anthony Otero
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Gabriella Fricklas
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Aparna Nigam
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Britney N Lizama
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Zachary P Wills
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Jon W Johnson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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16
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Gelon PA, Dutchak PA, Sephton CF. Synaptic dysfunction in ALS and FTD: anatomical and molecular changes provide insights into mechanisms of disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1000183. [PMID: 36263379 PMCID: PMC9575515 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic loss is a pathological feature of all neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). ALS is a disease of the cortical and spinal motor neurons resulting in fatal paralysis due to denervation of muscles. FTD is a form of dementia that primarily affects brain regions controlling cognition, language and behavior. Once classified as two distinct diseases, ALS and FTD are now considered as part of a common disease spectrum based on overlapping clinical, pathological and genetic evidence. At the cellular level, aggregation of common proteins and overlapping gene susceptibilities are shared in both ALS and FTD. Despite the convergence of these two fields of research, the underlying disease mechanisms remain elusive. However, recent discovers from ALS and FTD patient studies and models of ALS/FTD strongly suggests that synaptic dysfunction is an early event in the disease process and a unifying hallmark of these diseases. This review provides a summary of the reported anatomical and cellular changes that occur in cortical and spinal motor neurons in ALS and FTD tissues and models of disease. We also highlight studies that identify changes in the proteome and transcriptome of ALS and FTD models and provide a conceptual overview of the processes that contribute to synaptic dysfunction in these diseases. Due to space limitations and the vast number of publications in the ALS and FTD fields, many articles have not been discussed in this review. As such, this review focuses on the three most common shared mutations in ALS and FTD, the hexanucleuotide repeat expansion within intron 1 of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72), transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TARDBP or TDP-43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS), with the intention of highlighting common pathways that promote synaptic dysfunction in the ALS-FTD disease spectrum.
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17
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Compounds activating VCP D1 ATPase enhance both autophagic and proteasomal neurotoxic protein clearance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4146. [PMID: 35842429 PMCID: PMC9288506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31905-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the removal of aggregate-prone toxic proteins is a rational therapeutic strategy for a number of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Huntington's disease and various spinocerebellar ataxias. Ideally, such approaches should preferentially clear the mutant/misfolded species, while having minimal impact on the stability of wild-type/normally-folded proteins. Furthermore, activation of both ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome routes may be advantageous, as this would allow effective clearance of both monomeric and oligomeric species, the latter which are inaccessible to the proteasome. Here we find that compounds that activate the D1 ATPase activity of VCP/p97 fulfill these requirements. Such effects are seen with small molecule VCP activators like SMER28, which activate autophagosome biogenesis by enhancing interactions of PI3K complex components to increase PI(3)P production, and also accelerate VCP-dependent proteasomal clearance of such substrates. Thus, this mode of VCP activation may be a very attractive target for many neurodegenerative diseases.
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18
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Pfeffer G, Lee G, Pontifex CS, Fanganiello RD, Peck A, Weihl CC, Kimonis V. Multisystem Proteinopathy Due to VCP Mutations: A Review of Clinical Heterogeneity and Genetic Diagnosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060963. [PMID: 35741724 PMCID: PMC9222868 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we review clinical features and genetic diagnosis of diseases caused by mutations in the gene encoding valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), the functionally diverse AAA-ATPase. VCP is crucial to a multitude of cellular functions including protein quality control, stress granule formation and clearance, and genomic integrity functions, among others. Pathogenic mutations in VCP cause multisystem proteinopathy (VCP-MSP), an autosomal dominant, adult-onset disorder causing dysfunction in several tissue types. It can result in complex neurodegenerative conditions including inclusion body myopathy, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or combinations of these. There is also an association with other neurodegenerative phenotypes such as Alzheimer-type dementia and Parkinsonism. Non-neurological presentations include Paget disease of bone and may also include cardiac dysfunction. We provide a detailed discussion of genotype-phenotype correlations, recommendations for genetic diagnosis, and genetic counselling implications of VCP-MSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Pfeffer
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- Alberta Child Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Grace Lee
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; (G.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Carly S. Pontifex
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
| | - Roberto D. Fanganiello
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Allison Peck
- Cure VCP Disease, Inc., Americus, GA 31709, USA;
| | - Conrad C. Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; (G.L.); (V.K.)
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19
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Stress vulnerability shapes disruption of motor cortical neuroplasticity. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:91. [PMID: 35246507 PMCID: PMC8897461 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a major cause of neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression. Stress vulnerability varies individually in mice and humans, measured by behavioral changes. In contrast to affective symptoms, motor retardation as a consequence of stress is not well understood. We repeatedly imaged dendritic spines of the motor cortex in Thy1-GFP M mice before and after chronic social defeat stress. Susceptible and resilient phenotypes were discriminated by symptom load and their motor learning abilities were assessed by a gross and fine motor task. Stress phenotypes presented individual short- and long-term changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as well as distinct patterns of altered motor learning. Importantly, stress was generally accompanied by a marked reduction of spine density in the motor cortex and spine dynamics depended on the stress phenotype. We found astrogliosis and altered microglia morphology along with increased microglia-neuron interaction in the motor cortex of susceptible mice. In cerebrospinal fluid, proteomic fingerprints link the behavioral changes and structural alterations in the brain to neurodegenerative disorders and dysregulated synaptic homeostasis. Our work emphasizes the importance of synaptic integrity and the risk of neurodegeneration within depression as a threat to brain health.
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20
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Disruption of Alternative Splicing in the Amygdala of Pigs Exposed to Maternal Immune Activation. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response of gestating females to infection or stress can disrupt gene expression in the offspring’s amygdala, resulting in lasting neurodevelopmental, physiological, and behavioral disorders. The effects of maternal immune activation (MIA) can be impacted by the offspring’s sex and exposure to additional stressors later in life. The objectives of this study were to investigate the disruption of alternative splicing patterns associated with MIA in the offspring’s amygdala and characterize this disruption in the context of the second stress of weaning and sex. Differential alternative splicing was tested on the RNA-seq profiles of a pig model of viral-induced MIA. Compared to controls, MIA was associated with the differential alternative splicing (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.1) of 292 and 240 genes in weaned females and males, respectively, whereas 132 and 176 genes were differentially spliced in control nursed female and male, respectively. The majority of the differentially spliced (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.001) genes (e.g., SHANK1, ZNF672, KCNA6) and many associated enriched pathways (e.g., Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cGMP-PKG signaling) have been reported in MIA-related disorders including autism and schizophrenia in humans. Differential alternative splicing associated with MIA was detected in the gene MAG across all sex-stress groups except for unstressed males and SLC2A11 across all groups except unstressed females. Precise understanding of the effect of MIA across second stressors and sexes necessitates the consideration of splicing isoform profiles.
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21
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Sun X, Zhou N, Ma B, Wu W, Stoll S, Lai L, Qin G, Qiu H. Functional Inhibition of Valosin-Containing Protein Induces Cardiac Dilation and Dysfunction in a New Dominant-Negative Transgenic Mouse Model. Cells 2021; 10:2891. [PMID: 34831118 PMCID: PMC8616236 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP) was found to play a vital protective role against cardiac stresses. Genetic mutations of VCP are associated with human dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the essential role of VCP in the heart during the physiological condition remains unknown since the VCP knockout in mice is embryonically lethal. We generated a cardiac-specific dominant-negative VCP transgenic (DN-VCP TG) mouse to determine the effects of impaired VCP activity on the heart. Using echocardiography, we showed that cardiac-specific overexpression of DN-VCP induced a remarkable cardiac dilation and progressively declined cardiac function during the aging transition. Mechanistically, DN-VCP did not affect the endogenous VCP (EN-VCP) expression but significantly reduced cardiac ATPase activity in the DN-VCP TG mouse hearts, indicating a functional inhibition. DN-VCP significantly impaired the aging-related cytoplasmic/nuclear shuffling of EN-VCP and its co-factors in the heart tissues and interrupted the balance of the VCP-cofactors interaction between the activating co-factors, ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 1 (UFD-1)/nuclear protein localization protein 4 (NPL-4) complex, and its inhibiting co-factor P47, leading to the binding preference with the inhibitory co-factor, resulting in functional repression of VCP. This DN-VCP TG mouse provides a unique functional-inactivation model for investigating VCP in the heart in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Sun
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (B.M.); (W.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92318, USA; (N.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Ben Ma
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (B.M.); (W.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Wenqian Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (B.M.); (W.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Shaunrick Stoll
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92318, USA; (N.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Lo Lai
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (B.M.); (W.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (B.M.); (W.W.); (L.L.)
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92318, USA; (N.Z.); (S.S.)
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22
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Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP)/p97: A Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810177. [PMID: 34576340 PMCID: PMC8469696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, a member of the AAA+ ATPase family, is a molecular chaperone recruited to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by binding to membrane adapters (nuclear protein localization protein 4 (NPL4), p47 and ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein 1 (UBXD1)), where it is involved in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). However, VCP/p97 interacts with many cofactors to participate in different cellular processes that are critical for cancer cell survival and aggressiveness. Indeed, VCP/p97 is reported to be overexpressed in many cancer types and is considered a potential cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. This review summarizes the role of VCP/p97 in different cancers and the advances in the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors with therapeutic potential, focusing on the challenges associated with cancer-related VCP mutations in the mechanisms of resistance to inhibitors.
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23
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Wani A, Zhu J, Ulrich JD, Eteleeb A, Sauerbeck AD, Reitz SJ, Arhzaouy K, Ikenaga C, Yuede CM, Pittman SK, Wang F, Li S, Benitez BA, Cruchaga C, Kummer TT, Harari O, Chou TF, Schröder R, Clemen CS, Weihl CC. Neuronal VCP loss of function recapitulates FTLD-TDP pathology. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109399. [PMID: 34289347 PMCID: PMC8383344 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic mechanism by which dominant mutations in VCP cause multisystem proteinopathy (MSP), a rare neurodegenerative disease that presents as fronto-temporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP), remains unclear. To explore this, we inactivate VCP in murine postnatal forebrain neurons (VCP conditional knockout [cKO]). VCP cKO mice have cortical brain atrophy, neuronal loss, autophago-lysosomal dysfunction, and TDP-43 inclusions resembling FTLD-TDP pathology. Conditional expression of a single disease-associated mutation, VCP-R155C, in a VCP null background similarly recapitulates features of VCP inactivation and FTLD-TDP, suggesting that this MSP mutation is hypomorphic. Comparison of transcriptomic and proteomic datasets from genetically defined patients with FTLD-TDP reveal that progranulin deficiency and VCP insufficiency result in similar profiles. These data identify a loss of VCP-dependent functions as a mediator of FTLD-TDP and reveal an unexpected biochemical similarity with progranulin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Wani
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason D Ulrich
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abdallah Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew D Sauerbeck
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sydney J Reitz
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Khalid Arhzaouy
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chiseko Ikenaga
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carla M Yuede
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sara K Pittman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Bruno A Benitez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Terrance T Kummer
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany; Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Conrad C Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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24
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Vcp Overexpression and Leucine Supplementation Increase Protein Synthesis and Improve Fear Memory and Social Interaction of Nf1 Mutant Mice. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107835. [PMID: 32610136 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a dominant genetic disorder manifesting, in part, as cognitive defects. Previous study indicated that neurofibromin (NF1 protein) interacts with valosin-containing protein (VCP)/P97 to control dendritic spine formation, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, using Nf1+/- mice and transgenic mice overexpressing wild-type Vcp/p97, we demonstrate that neurofibromin acts with VCP to control endoplasmic reticulum (ER) formation and consequent protein synthesis and regulates dendritic spine formation, thereby modulating contextual fear memory and social interaction. To validate the role of protein synthesis, we perform leucine supplementation in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that leucine can effectively enter the brain and increase protein synthesis and dendritic spine density of Nf1+/- neurons. Contextual memory and social behavior of Nf1+/- mice are also restored by leucine supplementation. Our study suggests that the "ER-protein synthesis" pathway downstream of neurofibromin and VCP is a critical regulator of dendritic spinogenesis and brain function.
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25
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Lu MH, Hsueh YP. Protein synthesis as a modifiable target for autism-related dendritic spine pathophysiologies. FEBS J 2021; 289:2282-2300. [PMID: 33511762 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly recognized as a condition of altered brain connectivity. As synapses are fundamental subcellular structures for neuronal connectivity, synaptic pathophysiology has become one of central themes in autism research. Reports disagree upon whether the density of dendritic spines, namely excitatory synapses, is increased or decreased in ASD and whether the protein synthesis that is critical for dendritic spine formation and function is upregulated or downregulated. Here, we review recent evidence supporting a subgroup of ASD models with decreased dendritic spine density (hereafter ASD-DSD), including Nf1 and Vcp mutant mice. We discuss the relevance of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) insufficiency in relation to unmet protein synthesis demand in ASD-DSD. In contrast to ASD-DSD, ASD models with hyperactive mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) may represent the opposite end of the disease spectrum, often characterized by increases in protein synthesis and dendritic spine density (denoted ASD-ISD). Finally, we propose personalized dietary leucine as a strategy tailored to balancing protein synthesis demand, thereby ameliorating dendritic spine pathophysiologies and autism-related phenotypes in susceptible patients, especially those with ASD-DSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Medical Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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26
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Joglekar A, Prjibelski A, Mahfouz A, Collier P, Lin S, Schlusche AK, Marrocco J, Williams SR, Haase B, Hayes A, Chew JG, Weisenfeld NI, Wong MY, Stein AN, Hardwick SA, Hunt T, Wang Q, Dieterich C, Bent Z, Fedrigo O, Sloan SA, Risso D, Jarvis ED, Flicek P, Luo W, Pitt GS, Frankish A, Smit AB, Ross ME, Tilgner HU. A spatially resolved brain region- and cell type-specific isoform atlas of the postnatal mouse brain. Nat Commun 2021; 12:463. [PMID: 33469025 PMCID: PMC7815907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Splicing varies across brain regions, but the single-cell resolution of regional variation is unclear. We present a single-cell investigation of differential isoform expression (DIE) between brain regions using single-cell long-read sequencing in mouse hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in 45 cell types at postnatal day 7 ( www.isoformAtlas.com ). Isoform tests for DIE show better performance than exon tests. We detect hundreds of DIE events traceable to cell types, often corresponding to functionally distinct protein isoforms. Mostly, one cell type is responsible for brain-region specific DIE. However, for fewer genes, multiple cell types influence DIE. Thus, regional identity can, although rarely, override cell-type specificity. Cell types indigenous to one anatomic structure display distinctive DIE, e.g. the choroid plexus epithelium manifests distinct transcription-start-site usage. Spatial transcriptomics and long-read sequencing yield a spatially resolved splicing map. Our methods quantify isoform expression with cell-type and spatial resolution and it contributes to further our understanding of how the brain integrates molecular and cellular complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoushka Joglekar
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrey Prjibelski
- Center for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, The Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 XE, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Collier
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Katharina Schlusche
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan Marrocco
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Bettina Haase
- The Vertebrate Genomes Lab, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Man Ying Wong
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Appel Alzheimer's Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Simon A Hardwick
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Toby Hunt
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Qi Wang
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, University Hospital, 96120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, University Hospital, 96120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Fedrigo
- The Vertebrate Genomes Lab, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven A Sloan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Davide Risso
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erich D Jarvis
- The Vertebrate Genomes Lab, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Appel Alzheimer's Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Pitt
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Frankish
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Elizabeth Ross
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hagen U Tilgner
- Brain and Mind Research Institute and Center for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Alcântara-Neto AS, Fernandez-Rufete M, Corbin E, Tsikis G, Uzbekov R, Garanina AS, Coy P, Almiñana C, Mermillod P. Oviduct fluid extracellular vesicles regulate polyspermy during porcine in vitro fertilisation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:409-418. [PMID: 31775998 DOI: 10.1071/rd19058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High polyspermy is one of the major limitations of porcine invitro fertilisation (IVF). The addition of oviductal fluid (OF) during IVF reduces polyspermy without decreasing the fertilisation rate. Because extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been described as important OF components, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of porcine oviductal EVs (poEVs) on IVF efficiency compared with porcine OF (fresh and lyophilised). OF was collected from abattoir oviducts by phosphate-buffered saline flush, and poEVs were isolated by serial ultracentrifugation. Four IVF treatments were conducted: poEVs (0.2mgmL-1), OF (10%), lyophilized and reconstituted pure OF (LOF; 1%) and IVF without supplementation (control). Penetration, monospermy and IVF efficiency were evaluated. Transmission electron microscopy showed an EVs population primarily composed of exosomes (83%; 30-150nm). Supplementation with poEVs during IVF increased monospermy compared with control (44% vs 17%) while maintaining an acceptable penetration rate (61% vs 78% respectively) in a similar way to OF and LOF. Western blotting revealed poEVs proteins involved in early reproductive events, including zona pellucida hardening. In conclusion, our finding show that poEVs are key components of porcine OF and may play roles in porcine fertilisation and polyspermy regulation, suggesting that supplementation with poEVs is a reliable strategy to decrease porcine polyspermy and improve invitro embryo production outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Alcântara-Neto
- Unité Mixte de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - M Fernandez-Rufete
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, IMIB-Arixaca, Spain
| | - E Corbin
- Unité Mixte de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - G Tsikis
- Unité Mixte de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - R Uzbekov
- Laboratoire Biologie Cellulaire et Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37000 Tours, France; and Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, 119992, Leninskye gory 73, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A S Garanina
- Laboratoire Biologie Cellulaire et Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37000 Tours, France; and Present address: National University of Science and Technology 'MISiS', 119049, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - P Coy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, IMIB-Arixaca, Spain
| | - C Almiñana
- Unité Mixte de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 37380 Nouzilly, France; and Present address: University of Zurich, Genetics and Functional Genomics Group, Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Farm Animals, VetSuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Mermillod
- Unité Mixte de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 37380 Nouzilly, France; and Corresponding author:
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28
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Huang TN, Shih YT, Lin SC, Hsueh YP. Social behaviors and contextual memory of Vcp mutant mice are sensitive to nutrition and can be ameliorated by amino acid supplementation. iScience 2020; 24:101949. [PMID: 33437936 PMCID: PMC7786123 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both genetic variations and nutritional deficiency are associated with autism spectrum disorders and other neurological disorders. However, it is less clear whether or how nutritional deficiency and genetic variations influence each other under pathogenic conditions. "Valosin-containing protein" (VCP, also known as p97) is associated with multiple neurological disorders and regulates dendritic spine formation by controlling endoplasmic reticulum formation and protein synthesis efficiency. Increased protein synthesis ameliorates the dendritic spine defects of Vcp-deficient neurons. Therefore, we investigated if Vcp-deficient mice are sensitive to nutritional conditions. Here, we show that social interaction and contextual memory of Vcp-deficient mice are indeed influenced by different dietary protein levels. Moreover, leucine supplementation ameliorates the behavioral deficits and dendritic spine density of Vcp-deficient mice, strengthening evidence for the role of protein synthesis in VCP function. Our study illustrates that genetic variation and nutrient factors cross-talk to influence neuronal and behavioral phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzyy-Nan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tzu Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Si-Cih Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China
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29
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Qamar AY, Mahiddine FY, Bang S, Fang X, Shin ST, Kim MJ, Cho J. Extracellular Vesicle Mediated Crosstalk Between the Gametes, Conceptus, and Female Reproductive Tract. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:589117. [PMID: 33195625 PMCID: PMC7661581 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.589117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediated intracellular communication plays an imperative role in the proper completion of different physiological events. Most of the bio-fluids are enriched with several subpopulations of EVs including exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), with the capacity of transferring different functional molecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) to target cells. Recipient cells upon receiving the signal molecules undergo different changes that positively affect the structural and functional integrity of the cells. This article was aimed to highlight the role of EVs secreted by gametes, the female reproductive tract, and the growing conceptus in the successful completion of different reproductive events related to gestation. EVs associated with the reproductive system are actively involved in the regulation of different physiological events including gamete maturation, fertilization, and embryo and fetal development. In the reproductive system, EVs mediated intracellular communication is not unidirectional but is rather regulated through crosstalk between the reproductive tract and the growing conceptus. These vesicles are secreted from the ovary, oviductal epithelium, endometrium, developing embryo, and the placenta. The cargo inside these vesicles exerts pleiotropic effects on both maternal and embryonic environments. A better understanding of the EVs-mediated crosstalk will be helpful in the development of useful tools serving both the diagnostic as well as therapeutic needs related to female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Yar Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Feriel Yasmine Mahiddine
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Xun Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang Tae Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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31
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Valosin-Containing Protein, a Calcium-Associated ATPase Protein, in Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrial Function and Its Implications for Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113842. [PMID: 32481679 PMCID: PMC7312078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrion are the key organelles in mammal cells and play crucial roles in a variety of biological functions in both physiological and pathological conditions. Valosin-containing protein (VCP), a newly identified calcium-associated ATPase protein, has been found to be involved in both ER and mitochondrial function. Impairment of VCP, caused by structural mutations or alterations of expressions, contributes to the development of various diseases, through an integrating effect on ER, mitochondria and the ubiquitin–proteasome system, by interfering with protein degradation, subcellular translocation and calcium homeostasis. Thus, understanding the role and the molecular mechanisms of VCP in these organelles brings new insights to the pathogenesis of the associated diseases, and leads to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarized the progress of studies on VCP, in terms of its regulation of ER and mitochondrial function and its implications for the associated diseases, focusing on the cancers, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Rigby MJ, Ding Y, Farrugia MA, Feig M, Cortese GP, Mitchell H, Burger C, Puglielli L. The endoplasmic reticulum acetyltransferases ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8 are differentially regulated to adjust engagement of the secretory pathway. J Neurochem 2020; 154:404-423. [PMID: 31945187 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nε-lysine acetylation of nascent glycoproteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen regulates the efficiency of the secretory pathway. The ER acetylation machinery consists of the membrane transporter, acetyl-CoA transporter 1 (AT-1/SLC33A1), and two acetyltransferases, ATase1/NAT8B and ATase2/NAT8. Dysfunctional ER acetylation is associated with severe neurological diseases with duplication of AT-1/SLC33A1 being associated with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and dysmorphism. Neuron-specific AT-1 over-expression in the mouse alters neuron morphology and function, causing an autism-like phenotype, indicating that ER acetylation plays a key role in neurophysiology. As such, characterizing the molecular mechanisms that regulate the acetylation machinery could reveal critical information about its biology. By using structure-biochemistry approaches, we discovered that ATase1 and ATase2 share enzymatic properties but differ in that ATase1 is post-translationally regulated via acetylation. Furthermore, gene expression studies revealed that the promoters of AT-1, ATase1, and ATase2 contain functional binding sites for the neuron-related transcription factors cAMP response element-binding protein and the immediate-early genes c-FOS and c-JUN, and that ATase1 and ATase2 exhibit additional modes of transcriptional regulation relevant to aging and Alzheimer's disease. In vivo rodent gene expression experiments revealed that Atase2 is specifically induced following activity-dependent events. Finally, over-expression of either ATase1 or ATase2 was sufficient to increase the engagement of the secretory pathway in PC12 cells. Our results indicate important regulatory roles for ATase1 and ATase2 in neuron function with induction of ATase2 expression potentially serving as a critical event that adjusts the efficiency of the secretory pathway for activity-dependent neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yun Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark A Farrugia
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael Feig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Giuseppe P Cortese
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Corinna Burger
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Madison, WI, USA
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Complexity of Generating Mouse Models to Study the Upper Motor Neurons: Let Us Shift Focus from Mice to Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163848. [PMID: 31394733 PMCID: PMC6720674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron circuitry is one of the most elaborate circuitries in our body, which ensures voluntary and skilled movement that requires cognitive input. Therefore, both the cortex and the spinal cord are involved. The cortex has special importance for motor neuron diseases, in which initiation and modulation of voluntary movement is affected. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is defined by the progressive degeneration of both the upper and lower motor neurons, whereas hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) are characterized mainly by the loss of upper motor neurons. In an effort to reveal the cellular and molecular basis of neuronal degeneration, numerous model systems are generated, and mouse models are no exception. However, there are many different levels of complexities that need to be considered when developing mouse models. Here, we focus our attention to the upper motor neurons, which are one of the most challenging neuron populations to study. Since mice and human differ greatly at a species level, but the cells/neurons in mice and human share many common aspects of cell biology, we offer a solution by focusing our attention to the affected neurons to reveal the complexities of diseases at a cellular level and to improve translational efforts.
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Jing D, Li D, Peng C, Chen Y, Behnisch T. Role of microtubules in late-associative plasticity of hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 163:107038. [PMID: 31278986 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule network represents a key scaffolding structure that forms part of the neuronal cytoskeleton and contributes to biomolecule exchange within neurons. However, researchers have not determined whether an intact microtubule network is required for late associative plasticity. Therefore, the late associative plasticity of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials from two synaptic inputs was analyzed. Synaptic potentiation was induced through alternating tetanization of hippocampal Schaffer-collateral CA1 synaptic populations in acute slices prepared from young-adult C57BL/6 mice. Vincristine was applied to depolymerize microtubules. Vincristine did not alter the phosphorylation levels of plasticity-related pre- or postsynaptic proteins but reduced the level of a protein marker of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC-53/p58). Vincristine did not alter the magnitude or maintenance of the synaptic potentiation evoked by repeated tetanization (3 × 100 stimuli at 100 Hz) of one synaptic population. However, this synaptic potentiation was sensitive to the coapplication of a protein synthesis inhibitor, such as rapamycin, anisomycin or cycloheximide, indicating that protein synthesis has become essential in depolymerized microtubules during the first hour of the synaptic potentiation. The application of vincristine up to a 70 stimuli, 100 Hz tetanization of a second synaptic input prevented the transformation of short-term potentiation into long-term potentiation (LTP), further indicating that intact microtubules are required for the late associative properties of synaptic plasticity. Therefore, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity does not rely on microtubules within the first two hours after tetanization; however, the associative interaction of independent synaptic inputs relies on their proper function. In addition, either new protein synthesis or microtubule-based processes are sufficient to stabilize LTP within the first 3 h after tetanization, and a deficit in synaptic plasticity is only observable when both processes are blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Jing
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxue Li
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Chen K, Zheng Y, Wei JA, Ouyang H, Huang X, Zhang F, Lai CSW, Ren C, So KF, Zhang L. Exercise training improves motor skill learning via selective activation of mTOR. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw1888. [PMID: 31281888 PMCID: PMC6609215 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise improves learning and memory, but little in vivo evidence has been provided to illustrate the molecular mechanisms. Here, we show that chronic treadmill exercise activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in mouse motor cortex. Both ex vivo and in vivo recordings suggest that mTOR activation leads to potentiated postsynaptic excitation and enhanced neuronal activity of layer 5 pyramidal neurons after exercise, in association with increased oligodendrogenesis and axonal myelination. Exercise training also increases dendritic spine formation and motor learning. Together, exercise activates mTOR pathway, which is necessary for spinogenesis, neuronal activation, and axonal myelination leading to improved motor learning. This model provides new insights for neural network adaptations through exercises and supports the intervention of cognitive deficits using exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Zheng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ji-an Wei
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Huan Ouyang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Feilong Zhang
- Peking University, Drug Discovery Center, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Cora Sau Wan Lai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chaoran Ren
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu 226019, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
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A Model of Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type 1 Reveals a Role of Glycosphingolipids in Neuronal Polarity. J Neurosci 2019; 39:5816-5834. [PMID: 31138658 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2541-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Type 1 (HSAN1) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited neuropathy, clinically characterized by a loss of distal peripheral sensory and motoneuronal function. Mutations in subunits of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) have been linked to the majority of HSAN1 cases. SPTs catalyze the condensation of l-serine with palmitoyl-CoA, the first committed and rate-limiting step in de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Despite extensive investigation, the molecular pathogenesis of HSAN1 remains controversial. Here, we established a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model of HSAN1 by generating a sptl-1(c363g) mutation, encoding SPTL-1(C121W) and equivalent to human SPTLC1C133W, at the C. elegans genomic locus through CRISPR. The sptl-1(c363g) homozygous mutants exhibited the same larval lethality and epithelial polarity defect as observed in sptl-1(RNAi) animals, suggesting a loss-of-function effect of the SPTL-1(C121W) mutation. sptl-1(c363g)/+ heterozygous mutants displayed sensory dysfunction with concomitant neuronal morphology and axon-dendrite polarity defects, demonstrating that the C. elegans model recapitulates characteristics of the human disease. sptl-1(c363g)-derived neuronal defects were copied in animals with defective sphingolipid biosynthetic enzymes downstream of SPTL-1, including ceramide glucosyltransferases, suggesting that SPTLC1C133W contributes to the HSAN1 pathogenesis by limiting the production of complex sphingolipids, including glucosylceramide. Overexpression of SPTL-1(C121W) led to similar epithelial and neuronal defects and to reduced levels of complex sphingolipids, specifically glucosylceramide, consistent with a dominant-negative effect of SPTL-1(C121W) that is mediated by loss of this downstream product. Genetic interactions between SPTL-1(C121W) and components of directional trafficking in neurons suggest that the neuronal polarity phenotype could be caused by glycosphingolipid-dependent defects in polarized vesicular trafficking.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The symptoms of inherited metabolic diseases are often attributed to the accumulation of toxic intermediates or byproducts, no matter whether the disease-causing enzyme participates in a biosynthetic or a degradation pathway. By showing that the phenotypes observed in a C. elegans model of HSAN1 disease could be caused by loss of a downstream product (glucosylceramide) rather than the accumulation of a toxic byproduct, our work provides new insights into the origins of the symptoms of inherited metabolic diseases while expanding the repertoire of sphingolipid functions, specifically, of glucosylceramides. These findings not only have their most immediate relevance for neuroprotective treatments for HSAN1, they may also have implications for a much broader range of neurologic conditions.
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Brody MJ, Vanhoutte D, Bakshi CV, Liu R, Correll RN, Sargent MA, Molkentin JD. Disruption of valosin-containing protein activity causes cardiomyopathy and reveals pleiotropic functions in cardiac homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8918-8929. [PMID: 31006653 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP), also known as p97, is an ATPase with diverse cellular functions, although the most highly characterized is targeting of misfolded or aggregated proteins to degradation pathways, including the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. However, how VCP functions in the heart has not been carefully examined despite the fact that human mutations in VCP cause Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia, an autosomal dominant multisystem proteinopathy that includes disease in the heart, skeletal muscle, brain, and bone. Here we generated heart-specific transgenic mice overexpressing WT VCP or a VCPK524A mutant with deficient ATPase activity. Transgenic mice overexpressing WT VCP exhibit normal cardiac structure and function, whereas mutant VCP-overexpressing mice develop cardiomyopathy. Mechanistically, mutant VCP-overexpressing hearts up-regulate ERAD complex components and have elevated levels of ubiquitinated proteins prior to manifestation of cardiomyopathy, suggesting dysregulation of ERAD and inefficient clearance of proteins targeted for proteasomal degradation. The hearts of mutant VCP transgenic mice also exhibit profound defects in cardiomyocyte nuclear morphology with increased nuclear envelope proteins and nuclear lamins. Proteomics revealed overwhelming interactions of endogenous VCP with ribosomal, ribosome-associated, and RNA-binding proteins in the heart, and impairment of cardiac VCP activity resulted in aggregation of large ribosomal subunit proteins. These data identify multifactorial functions and diverse mechanisms whereby VCP regulates cardiomyocyte protein and RNA quality control that are critical for cardiac homeostasis, suggesting how human VCP mutations negatively affect the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Brody
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039
| | - Davy Vanhoutte
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039
| | - Chinmay V Bakshi
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039
| | - Ruije Liu
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039.,the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401, and
| | - Robert N Correll
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039.,the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0344
| | - Michelle A Sargent
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, .,the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039
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Huang TN, Yen TL, Qiu LR, Chuang HC, Lerch JP, Hsueh YP. Haploinsufficiency of autism causative gene Tbr1 impairs olfactory discrimination and neuronal activation of the olfactory system in mice. Mol Autism 2019; 10:5. [PMID: 30792833 PMCID: PMC6371489 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-019-0257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) exhibit two clusters of core symptoms, i.e., social and communication impairment, and repetitive behaviors and sensory abnormalities. Our previous study demonstrated that TBR1, a causative gene of ASD, controls axonal projection and neuronal activation of amygdala and regulates social interaction and vocal communication in a mouse model. Behavioral defects caused by Tbr1 haploinsufficiency can be ameliorated by increasing neural activity via D-cycloserine treatment, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) coagonist. In this report, we investigate the role of TBR1 in regulating olfaction and test whether D-cycloserine can also improve olfactory defects in Tbr1 mutant mice. Methods We used Tbr1+/− mice as a model to investigate the function of TBR1 in olfactory sensation and discrimination of non-social odors. We employed a behavioral assay to characterize the olfactory defects of Tbr1+/− mice. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis were applied to characterize anatomical features. Immunostaining was performed to further analyze differences in expression of TBR1 subfamily members (namely TBR1, TBR2, and TBX21), interneuron populations, and dendritic abnormalities in olfactory bulbs. Finally, C-FOS staining was used to monitor neuronal activation of the olfactory system upon odor stimulation. Results Tbr1+/− mice exhibited smaller olfactory bulbs and anterior commissures, reduced interneuron populations, and an abnormal dendritic morphology of mitral cells in the olfactory bulbs. Tbr1 haploinsufficiency specifically impaired olfactory discrimination but not olfactory sensation. Neuronal activation upon odorant stimulation was reduced in the glomerular layer of Tbr1+/− olfactory bulbs. Furthermore, although the sizes of piriform and perirhinal cortices were not affected by Tbr1 deficiency, neuronal activation was reduced in these two cortical regions in response to odorant stimulation. These results suggest an impairment of neuronal activation in olfactory bulbs and defective connectivity from olfactory bulbs to the upper olfactory system in Tbr1+/− mice. Systemic administration of D-cycloserine, an NMDAR co-agonist, ameliorated olfactory discrimination in Tbr1+/− mice, suggesting that increased neuronal activity has a beneficial effect on Tbr1 deficiency. Conclusions Tbr1 regulates neural circuits and activity in the olfactory system to control olfaction. Tbr1+/− mice can serve as a suitable model for revealing how an autism causative gene controls neuronal circuits, neural activity, and autism-related behaviors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-019-0257-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzyy-Nan Huang
- 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Li Yen
- 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Lily R Qiu
- 2Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hsiu-Chun Chuang
- 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan.,4Present address: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Jason P Lerch
- 2Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,3Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- 1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
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Liu X, Guo X, Niu L, Li X, Sun F, Hu J, Wang X, Shen K. Atlastin-1 regulates morphology and function of endoplasmic reticulum in dendrites. Nat Commun 2019; 10:568. [PMID: 30718476 PMCID: PMC6362286 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is characterized by interconnected tubules and sheets. Neuronal ER adopts specific morphology in axons, dendrites and soma. Here we study mechanisms underlying ER morphogenesis in a C. elegans sensory neuron PVD. In PVD soma and dendrite branch points, ER tubules connect to form networks. ER tubules fill primary dendrites but only extend to some but not all dendritic branches. We find that the Atlastin-1 ortholog, atln-1 is required for neuronal ER morphology. In atln-1 mutants with impaired GTPase activity, ER networks in soma and dendrite branch points are reduced and replaced by tubules, and ER tubules retracted from high-order dendritic branches, causing destabilized microtubule in these branches. The abnormal ER morphology likely causes defects in mitochondria fission at dendritic branch points. Mutant alleles of Atlastin-1 found in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) patients show similar ER phenotypes, suggesting that neuronal ER impairment contributes to HSP disease pathogenesis. The molecular mechanisms that achieve ER morphology in neurites are not well understood. This study uses a forward genetic approach to demonstrate that atln-1 is required for neuronal ER morphology and that C. elegans atln-1 mutants exhibit defects in mitochondria fission at dendritic branch points and abnormalities in protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhuang Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liling Niu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xixia Li
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiangming Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Kang Shen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
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Wang KZQ, Steer E, Otero PA, Bateman NW, Cheng MH, Scott AL, Wu C, Bahar I, Shih YT, Hsueh YP, Chu CT. PINK1 Interacts with VCP/p97 and Activates PKA to Promote NSFL1C/p47 Phosphorylation and Dendritic Arborization in Neurons. eNeuro 2018; 5:ENEURO.0466-18.2018. [PMID: 30783609 PMCID: PMC6377406 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0466-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is well characterized for its role in mitochondrial homeostasis, much less is known concerning its ability to prevent synaptodendritic degeneration. Using unbiased proteomic methods, we identified valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a major PINK1-interacting protein. RNAi studies demonstrate that both VCP and its cofactor NSFL1C/p47 are necessary for the ability of PINK1 to increase dendritic complexity. Moreover, PINK1 regulates phosphorylation of p47, but not the VCP co-factor UFD1. Although neither VCP nor p47 interact directly with PKA, we found that PINK1 binds and phosphorylates the catalytic subunit of PKA at T197 [PKAcat(pT197)], a site known to activate the PKA holoenzyme. PKA in turn phosphorylates p47 at a novel site (S176) to regulate dendritic complexity. Given that PINK1 physically interacts with both the PKA holoenzyme and the VCP-p47 complex to promote dendritic arborization, we propose that PINK1 scaffolds a novel PINK1-VCP-PKA-p47 signaling pathway to orchestrate dendritogenesis in neurons. These findings highlight an important mechanism by which proteins genetically implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD; PINK1) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD; VCP) interact to support the health and maintenance of neuronal arbors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Z. Q. Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Erin Steer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - P. Anthony Otero
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Nicholas W. Bateman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Mary Hongying Cheng
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Ana Ligia Scott
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Christine Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Yu-Tzu Shih
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan 11529
| | - Charleen T. Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases and Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Pharmacological inhibition of 2-arachidonoilglycerol hydrolysis enhances memory consolidation in rats through CB2 receptor activation and mTOR signaling modulation. Neuropharmacology 2018; 138:210-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tlr7 deletion alters expression profiles of genes related to neural function and regulates mouse behaviors and contextual memory. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 72:101-113. [PMID: 29885943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal innate immune system recognizes endogenous danger signals and regulates neuronal development and function. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), one of the TLRs that trigger innate immune responses in neurons, controls neuronal morphology. To further assess the function of TLR7 in the brain, we applied next generation sequencing to investigate the effect of Tlr7 deletion on gene expression in hippocampal and cortical mixed cultures and on mouse behaviors. Since previous in vivo study suggested that TLR7 is more critical for neuronal morphology at earlier developmental stages, we analyzed two time-points (4 and 18 DIV) to represent young and mature neurons, respectively. At 4 DIV, Tlr7 KO neurons exhibited reduced expression of genes involved in neuronal development, synaptic organization and activity and behaviors. Some of these Tlr7-regulated genes are also associated with multiple neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. TLR7-regulated transcriptomic profiles differed at 18 DIV. Apart from neuronal genes, genes related to glial cell development and differentiation became sensitive to Tlr7 deletion at 18 DIV. Moreover, Tlr7 KO mice exhibited altered behaviors in terms of anxiety, aggression, olfaction and contextual fear memory. Electrophysiological analysis further showed an impairment of long-term potentiation in Tlr7 KO hippocampus. Taken together, these results indicate that TLR7 regulates neural development and brain function, even in the absence of infectious or pathogenic molecules. Our findings strengthen evidence for the role of the neuronal innate immune system in fine-tuning neuronal morphology and activity and implicate it in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Driven to decay: Excitability and synaptic abnormalities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:318-333. [PMID: 29870780 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron (MN) disease and is clinically characterised by the death of corticospinal motor neurons (CSMNs), spinal and brainstem MNs and the degeneration of the corticospinal tract. Degeneration of CSMNs and MNs leads inexorably to muscle wastage and weakness, progressing to eventual death within 3-5 years of diagnosis. The CSMNs, located within layer V of the primary motor cortex, project axons constituting the corticospinal tract, forming synaptic connections with brainstem and spinal cord interneurons and MNs. Clinical ALS may be divided into familial (∼10% of cases) or sporadic (∼90% of cases), based on apparent random incidence. The emergence of transgenic murine models, expressing different ALS-associated mutations has accelerated our understanding of ALS pathogenesis, although precise mechanisms remain elusive. Multiple avenues of investigation suggest that cortical electrical abnormalities have pre-eminence in the pathophysiology of ALS. In addition, glutamate-mediated functional and structural alterations in both CSMNs and MNs are present in both sporadic and familial forms of ALS. This review aims to promulgate debate in the field with regard to the common aetiology of sporadic and familial ALS. A specific focus on a nexus point in ALS pathogenesis, namely, the synaptic and intrinsic hyperexcitability of CSMNs and MNs and alterations to their structure are comprehensively detailed. The association of extramotor dysfunction with neuronal structural/functional alterations will be discussed. Finally, the implications of the latest research on the dying-forward and dying-back controversy are considered.
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44
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Hung YF, Chen CY, Shih YC, Liu HY, Huang CM, Hsueh YP. Endosomal TLR3, TLR7, and TLR8 control neuronal morphology through different transcriptional programs. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:2727-2742. [PMID: 29777026 PMCID: PMC6080926 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201712113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with diverse neurological disorders. Endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR3, TLR7, and TLR8 cell-autonomously regulate neuronal differentiation. However, the mechanisms by which these three TLRs affect neuronal morphology are unclear. In this study, we compare these TLRs in mouse neurons. By combining in vitro neuronal cultures, in utero electroporation, and transcriptomic profiling, we show that TLR8, TLR7, and TLR3 promote dendritic pruning via MYD88 signaling. However, they induce different transcriptomic profiles related to innate immunity, signaling, and neuronal development. The temporal expression patterns and the effects on neuronal morphology are not identical upon activation of these endosomal TLRs. Pathway analyses and in vitro studies specifically implicate mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in TLR8-mediated dendritic pruning. We further show that TLR8 is more critical for dendritic arborization at a late development stage in vivo. The activation of TLR8, TLR7, or TLR3 results in dendritic shortening, and TLR7 and TLR3 but not TLR8 also control axonal growth. In-depth transcriptomic analyses show that TLRs use different downstream pathways to control neuronal morphology, which may contribute to neuronal development and pathological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fen Hung
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ya Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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45
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Al-Tahan S, Al-Obeidi E, Yoshioka H, Lakatos A, Weiss L, Grafe M, Palmio J, Wicklund M, Harati Y, Omizo M, Udd B, Kimonis V. Novel valosin-containing protein mutations associated with multisystem proteinopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:491-501. [PMID: 29754758 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over fifty missense mutations in the gene coding for valosin-containing protein (VCP) are associated with a unique autosomal dominant adult-onset progressive disease associated with combinations of proximo-distal inclusion body myopathy (IBM), Paget's disease of bone (PDB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We report the clinical, histological, and molecular findings in four new patients/families carrying novel VCP mutations: c.474 G > A (p.M158I); c.478 G > C (p.A160P); c.383G > C (p.G128A); and c.382G > T (p.G128C). Clinical features included myopathy, PDB, ALS and Parkinson's disease though frontotemporal dementia was not an associated feature in these families. One of the patients was noted to have severe manifestations of PDB and was suspected of having neoplasia. There were wide inter- and intra-familial variations making genotype-phenotype correlations difficult between the novel mutations and frequency or age of onset of IBM, PDB, FTD, ALS and Parkinson's disease. Increasing awareness of the full spectrum of clinical presentations will improve diagnosis of VCP-related diseases and thus proactively manage or prevent associated clinical features such as PDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejad Al-Tahan
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Ebaa Al-Obeidi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Hiroshi Yoshioka
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Anita Lakatos
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Lan Weiss
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Marjorie Grafe
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Johanna Palmio
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University and University Hospital, Neurology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matt Wicklund
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Yadollah Harati
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Bjarne Udd
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University and University Hospital, Neurology, Tampere, Finland; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and the Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Neurology Department, Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA.
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46
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Shen L, Zhang K, Feng C, Chen Y, Li S, Iqbal J, Liao L, Zhao Y, Zhai J. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Protein Profile in Plasma from Children with Autism. Proteomics Clin Appl 2018; 12:e1700085. [PMID: 29274201 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autism is a childhood neurological disorder with poorly understood etiology and pathology. This study is designed to identify differentially expressed proteins that might serve as potential biomarkers for autism. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We perform iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) analysis for normal and autistic children's plasma of the same age group. RESULTS The results show that 24 differentially expressed proteins were identified between autistic subjects and controls. For the first time, differential expression of complement C5 (C5) and fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3) are related to autism. Five proteins, that is, complement C3 (C3), C5, integrin alpha-IIb (ITGA2B), talin-1 (TLN1), and vitamin D-binding protein (GC) were validated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). By ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis, combinations of these five proteins C3, C5, GC, ITGA2B, and TLN1 distinguished autistic children from healthy controls with a high AUC (area under the ROC curve) value (0.982, 95% CI, 0.957-1.000, p < 0.000). CONCLUSION These above described proteins are found involved in different pathways that have previously been linked to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The results strongly support that focal adhesions, acting cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, motility and migration, synaptogenesis, and complement system are involved in the pathogenesis of autism, and highlight the important role of platelet function in the pathophysiology of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Kaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Chengyun Feng
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Youjiao Chen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.,Xiang Ya Changde Hospital, Changde City, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Shuiming Li
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Javed Iqbal
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Liping Liao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhai
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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Shih YT, Hsueh YP. The involvement of endoplasmic reticulum formation and protein synthesis efficiency in VCP- and ATL1-related neurological disorders. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:2. [PMID: 29310658 PMCID: PMC5757295 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the biggest organelle in cells and is involved in versatile cellular processes. Formation and maintenance of ER morphology are regulated by a series of proteins controlling membrane fusion and curvature. At least six different ER morphology regulators have been demonstrated to be involved in neurological disorders-including Valosin-containing protein (VCP), Atlastin-1 (ATL1), Spastin (SPAST), Reticulon 2 (RTN2), Receptor expression enhancing protein 1 (REEP1) and RAB10-suggesting a critical role of ER formation in neuronal activity and function. Among these genes, mutations in VCP gene involve in inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). ATL1 is also one of causative genes of HSP. RAB10 is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). A recent study showed that VCP and ATL1 work together to regulate dendritic spine formation by controlling ER formation and consequent protein synthesis efficiency. RAB10 shares the same function with VCP and ATL1 to control ER formation and protein synthesis efficiency but acts independently. Increased protein synthesis by adding extra leucine to cultured neurons ameliorated dendritic spine deficits caused by VCP and ATL1 deficiencies, strengthening the significance of protein synthesis in VCP- and ATL1-regulated dendritic spine formation. These findings provide new insight into the roles of ER and protein synthesis in controlling dendritic spine formation and suggest a potential etiology of neurodegenerative disorders caused by mutations in VCP, ATL1 and other genes encoding proteins regulating ER formation and morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tzu Shih
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Hsueh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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48
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Cell-type-specific metabolic labeling of nascent proteomes in vivo. Nat Biotechnol 2017; 35:1196-1201. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt.4016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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49
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Sorafenib Impedes Rift Valley Fever Virus Egress by Inhibiting Valosin-Containing Protein Function in the Cellular Secretory Pathway. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.00968-17. [PMID: 28794043 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00968-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for therapeutic development to combat infections caused by Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), which causes devastating disease in both humans and animals. In an effort to repurpose drugs for RVFV treatment, our previous studies screened a library of FDA-approved drugs. The most promising candidate identified was the hepatocellular and renal cell carcinoma drug sorafenib. Mechanism-of-action studies indicated that sorafenib targeted a late stage in virus infection and caused a buildup of virions within cells. In addition, small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown studies suggested that nonclassical targets of sorafenib are important for the propagation of RVFV. Here we extend our previous findings to identify the mechanism by which sorafenib inhibits the release of RVFV virions from the cell. Confocal microscopy imaging revealed that glycoprotein Gn colocalizes and accumulates within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the transport of Gn from the Golgi complex to the host cell membrane is reduced. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that sorafenib caused virions to be present inside large vacuoles inside the cells. p97/valosin-containing protein (VCP), which is involved in membrane remodeling in the secretory pathway and a known target of sorafenib, was found to be important for RVFV egress. Knockdown of VCP resulted in decreased RVFV replication, reduced Gn Golgi complex localization, and increased Gn ER accumulation. The intracellular accumulation of RVFV virions was also observed in cells transfected with siRNA targeting VCP. Collectively, these data indicate that sorafenib causes a disruption in viral egress by targeting VCP and the secretory pathway, resulting in a buildup of virions within dilated ER vesicles.IMPORTANCE In humans, symptoms of RVFV infection mainly include a self-limiting febrile illness. However, in some cases, infected individuals can also experience hemorrhagic fever, neurological disorders, liver failure, and blindness, which could collectively be lethal. The ability of RVFV to expand geographically outside sub-Saharan Africa is of concern, particularly to the Americas, where native mosquito species are capable of virus transmission. Currently, there are no FDA-approved therapeutics to treat RVFV infection, and thus, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms by which the virus hijacks the host cell machinery to replicate. The significance of our research is in identifying the cellular target of sorafenib that inhibits RVFV propagation, so that this information can be used as a tool for the further development of therapeutics used to treat RVFV infection.
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50
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Itoh N, Nagai T, Watanabe T, Taki K, Nabeshima T, Kaibuchi K, Yamada K. Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is a novel IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1)-interacting protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1384-1389. [PMID: 28970065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Scaffold proteins play a pivotal role in making protein complexes, and organize binding partners into a functional unit to enhance specific signaling pathways. IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is an essential protein for spine formation due to its role in scaffolding multiple signal complexes. However, it remains unclear how IQGAP1 interacts within the brain. In the present study, we screened novel IQGAP1-interacting proteins by a proteomic approach. As a novel IQGAP1-interacting protein, we identified valosin-containing protein (VCP) which is a causative gene in patients with inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). The physiological interaction of IQGAP1 with VCP was confirmed by an immunoprecipitation assay. Both the N-terminal (N-half) and C-terminal (C-half) fragments of IQGAP1 interacted with the N-terminal region of VCP. Co-localization of IQGAP1 and VCP was observed in the growth corn, axonal shaft, cell body, and dendrites in cultured hippocampal neurons at 4 days in vitro (DIV4). In cultured neurons at DIV14, IQGAP1 co-localized with VCP in dendrites. When HEK293T cells were co-transfected with IQGAP1 and VCP, an immunoprecipitation assay revealed that binding of IQGAP1 with disease-related mutant (R155H or A232E) VCP was markedly reduced compared to wild-type (WT) VCP. These results suggest that reduction of IQGAP1 and VCP interaction may be associated with the pathophysiology of IBMPFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimichi Itoh
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan; Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kentaro Taki
- Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences and Aino University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan.
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