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Aslandukova A, Aslandukov A, Akbar FI, Yin Y, Trybel F, Hanfland M, Pakhomova A, Chariton S, Prakapenka V, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L. High-Pressure oC16-YBr 3 Polymorph Recoverable to Ambient Conditions: From 3D Framework to Layered Material. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38953784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Exfoliation of graphite and the discovery of the unique properties of graphene─graphite's single layer─have raised significant attention to layered compounds as potential precursors to 2D materials with applications in optoelectronics, spintronics, sensors, and solar cells. In this work, a new orthorhombic polymorph of yttrium bromide, oC16-YBr3 was synthesized from yttrium and CBr4 in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 45 GPa and 3000 K. The structure of oC16-YBr3 was solved and refined using in situ synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction. At high pressure, it can be described as a 3D framework of YBr9 polyhedra, but upon decompression below 15 GPa, the structure motif changes to layered, with layers comprising edge-sharing YBr8 polyhedra weakly bonded by van der Waals interactions. The layered oC16-YBr3 material can be recovered to ambient conditions, and according to Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof-density functional theory calculations, it exhibits semiconductor properties with a band gap that is highly sensitive to pressure. This polymorph possesses a low exfoliation energy of 0.30 J/m2. Our results expand the list of layered trivalent rare-earth metal halides and provide insights into how high pressure alters their structural motifs and physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Aslandukova
- Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andrey Aslandukov
- Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fariia Iasmin Akbar
- Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Florian Trybel
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Anna Pakhomova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics (BGI), University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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2
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Yu C, Cao J, Zhu S, Dai Z. Preparation and Modeling of Graphene Bubbles to Obtain Strain-Induced Pseudomagnetic Fields. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2889. [PMID: 38930258 PMCID: PMC11204662 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
It has been both theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated that strain can effectively modulate the electronic states of graphene sheets through the creation of a pseudomagnetic field (PMF). Pressurizing graphene sheets into bubble-like structures has been considered a viable approach for the strain engineering of PMFs. However, the bubbling technique currently faces limitations such as long manufacturing time, low durability, and challenges in precise control over the size and shape of the pressurized bubble. Here, we propose a rapid bubbling method based on an oxygen plasma chemical reaction to achieve rapid induction of out-of-plane deflections and in-plane strains in graphene sheets. We introduce a numerical scheme capable of accurately resolving the strain field and resulting PMFs within the pressurized graphene bubbles, even in cases where the bubble shape deviates from perfect spherical symmetry. The results provide not only insights into the strain engineering of PMFs in graphene but also a platform that may facilitate the exploration of the strain-mediated electronic behaviors of a variety of other 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Yu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (C.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiacong Cao
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (C.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Shuze Zhu
- Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China;
| | - Zhaohe Dai
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (C.Y.); (J.C.)
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3
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Bouaamlat H, Seitsonen AP, Bussetti G, Yivlialin R, De Rosa S, Branchini P, Tortora L. Nano-protrusions in intercalated graphite: understanding the structural and electronic effects through DFT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12269-12281. [PMID: 38445340 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05706b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Complex phenomena characterize the intercalation of ions inside stratified crystals. Their comprehension is crucial in view of exploiting the intercalation mechanism to change the transport properties of the crystal or obtaining a fine control of crystal delamination. In particular, the relationship between the concentration and nature of intercalated ions and surface structural modifications of the host stratified crystal is still under debate. Here, we discuss a theoretical effort to provide a rationale for some structural changes observed on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface after electrochemical treatment in perchloric and sulphuric acid solutions. The formation of the so-called nano-protrusions on the basal plane of intercalated graphite was previously observed with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In this work, we employed both STM and density functional theory (DFT) simulations to elucidate the physical and chemical mechanisms driving the emergence of these nano-protrusions. The DFT results show that, in a bilayer graphene system, the presence of a single ion can generate a nano-protrusion with 2.49 Å height and 21.27 Å width. In the deformed area, the C-C bond length is stretched by about 2.5% more than the normal graphene bond. These values are of the same dimensional scale as those reported in previous STM experimental results.25 However, the simulated STM images obtained by increasing the amount of intercalated ions per area suggest that the presence of more than one ion is needed for the deformation of the uppermost graphite layer during the early stages of intercalation. In contrast, in a multilayer graphene system, no significant surface deformation is detected when ions are intercalated between the third and fourth layers. Charge analysis indicates an altered distribution of the charges as a consequence of the intercalation. The charge transfer from graphene layers to the intercalated ions results in a surface layer more prone to oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Bouaamlat
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics - Roma Tre Division, via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome I-00146, Italy.
| | - Ari Paavo Seitsonen
- Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Gianlorenzo Bussetti
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, p.za Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Rossella Yivlialin
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, p.za Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Stefania De Rosa
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Paolo Branchini
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics - Roma Tre Division, via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome I-00146, Italy.
| | - Luca Tortora
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics - Roma Tre Division, via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome I-00146, Italy.
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 84, Rome I-00146, Italy
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4
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Wang B, Li J, Fang Z, Jiang Y, Li S, Zhan F, Dai Z, Chen Q, Wei X. Large and Pressure-Dependent c-Axis Piezoresistivity of Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite near Zero Pressure. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38525903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The c-axis piezoresistivity is a fundamental and important parameter of graphite, but its value near zero pressure has not been well determined. Herein, a new method for studying the c-axis piezoresistivity of van der Waals materials near zero pressure is developed on the basis of in situ scanning electron microscopy and finite element simulation. The c-axis piezoresistivity of microscale highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is found to show a large value of 5.68 × 10-5 kPa-1 near zero pressure and decreases by 2 orders of magnitude to the established value of ∼10-7 kPa-1 when the pressure increases to 200 MPa. By modulating the serial tunneling barrier model on the basis of the stacking faults, we describe the c-axis electrical transport of HOPG under compression. The large c-axis piezoresistivity near zero pressure and its large decrease in magnitude with pressure are attributed to the rapid stiffening of the electromechanical properties under compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Juyao Li
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaohe Dai
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianlong Wei
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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5
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Martin-Calle D, Pierre-Louis O. Domain convexification: A simple model for invasion processes. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:044108. [PMID: 37978705 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.044108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose an invasion model where domains grow up to their convex hulls and merge when they overlap. This model can be seen as a continuum and isotropic counterpart of bootstrap percolation models. From numerical investigations of the model starting with randomly deposited overlapping disks on a plane, we find an invasion transition that occurs via macroscopic avalanches. The disk concentration threshold and the width of the transition are found to decrease as the system size is increased. Our results are consistent with a vanishing threshold in the limit of infinitely large system sizes. However, this limit could not be investigated by simulations. For finite initial concentrations of disks, the cluster size distribution presents a power-law tail characterized by an exponent that varies approximately linearly with the initial concentration of disks. These results at finite initial concentration open novel directions for the understanding of the transition in systems of finite size. Furthermore, we find that the domain area distribution has oscillations with discontinuities. In addition, the deviation from circularity of large domains is constant. Finally, we compare our results to experimental observations on de-adhesion of graphene induced by the intercalation of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martin-Calle
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5306, Campus de la Doua, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Pierre-Louis
- Institut Lumière Matière, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5306, Campus de la Doua, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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6
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He Y, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li H. Graphene Nano-Blister in Graphite for Future Cathode in Dual-Ion Batteries: Fundamentals, Advances, and Prospects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207426. [PMID: 36950760 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The intercalating of anions into cost-effective graphite electrode provides a high operating voltage, therefore, the dual-ion batteries (DIBs) as novel energy storage device has attracted much attention recently. The "graphene in graphite" has always existed in the graphite cathode of DIBs, but has rarely been researched. It is foreseeable that the graphene blisters with the intact lattice structure in the shell can utilize its ultra-high elastic stiffness and reversible lattice expansion for increasing the storage capacity of anions in the batteries. This review proposes an expected "blister model" by introducing the high elasticity of graphene blisters and its possible formation mechanism. The unique blisters composed of multilayer graphene that do not fall off on the graphite surface may become indispensable in nanotechnology in the future development of cathode materials for DIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao He
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Yujie Dong
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Yaohui Zhang
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Haijin Li
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, China
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7
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Xiao Y, Pang YX, Yan Y, Qian P, Zhao H, Manickam S, Wu T, Pang CH. Synthesis and Functionalization of Graphene Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205292. [PMID: 36658693 PMCID: PMC10037997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene is increasingly applied in various fields owing to its unique properties. Graphene application in the biomedical domain is promising and intriguing as an emerging 2D material with a high surface area, good mechanical properties, and unrivalled electronic and physical properties. This review summarizes six typical synthesis methods to fabricate pristine graphene (p-G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by characterization techniques to examine the obtained graphene materials. As bare graphene is generally undesirable in vivo and in vitro, functionalization methods to reduce toxicity, increase biocompatibility, and provide more functionalities are demonstrated. Subsequently, in vivo and in vitro behaviors of various bare and functionalized graphene materials are discussed to evaluate the functionalization effects. Reasonable control of dose (<20 mg kg-1 ), sizes (50-1000 nm), and functionalization methods for in vivo application are advantageous. Then, the key biomedical applications based on graphene materials are discussed, coupled with the current challenges and outlooks of this growing field. In a broader sense, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis, characterization, functionalization, evaluation, and application of p-G, GO, and rGO in the biomedical field, highlighting their recent advances and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Yoong Xin Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Yan
- College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310027P. R. China
| | - Ping Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringBeijing100083P. R. China
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Materials Interfaces CenterShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri BegawanBE1410Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tao Wu
- New Materials InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNingbo315100P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and ProcessIntensification Research of Zhejiang ProvinceUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Conversion TechnologiesUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100P. R. China
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8
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Nguyen DD, Megra YT, Lim T, Suk JW. Tunable Interlayer Interactions in Reduced Graphene Oxide Paper. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7627-7634. [PMID: 36700883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing graphene-based paper-like materials have garnered significant interest for various applications because of their tunable physical and chemical properties, along with unique multilayered structures. Because of the layered configuration of graphene paper, characterization of the interactions between graphene sheets is critical for understanding its fundamental properties and applications. We investigate the interlayer cohesion energies in graphene papers using the mode I fracture concept with double cantilever beam specimens. Mechanical separation along the middle of the graphene paper thickness enables the evaluation of interlayer bonding strength in the paper. Starting from graphene oxide paper, the chemical reduction using hydroiodic acid tunes the interlayer cohesion energy from 11.30 ± 0.25 to 4.78 ± 0.18 J/m2 as the reduction time increases. The interlayer cohesion energy is correlated with the oxygen content, interlayer spacing, and electrical conductivity of graphene papers. This work provides a fundamental characterization of the interlayer cohesion energy of graphene paper and establishes the potential for tunability of the interlayer interactions in graphene paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Du Nguyen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonas Tsegaye Megra
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Fab. Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - TaeGyeong Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Suk
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Fab. Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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9
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Fang Z, Dai Z, Wang B, Tian Z, Yu C, Chen Q, Wei X. Pull-to-Peel of Two-Dimensional Materials for the Simultaneous Determination of Elasticity and Adhesion. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:742-749. [PMID: 36472369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The flexible and clinging nature of ultrathin films requires an understanding of their elastic and adhesive properties in a wide range of circumstances from fabrications to applications. Simultaneously measuring both properties, however, is extremely difficult as the film thickness diminishes to the nanoscale. Here we address such difficulties through peeling by pulling thin films off from the substrates (we thus refer to it as "pull-to-peel"). Particularly, we perform in situ pull-to-peel of graphene and MoS2 films in a scanning electron microscope and achieve simultaneous determination of their Young's moduli and adhesions to gold substrates. This is in striking contrast to other conceptually similar tests available in the literature, including indentation tests (only measuring elasticity) and spontaneous blisters (only measuring adhesion). Furthermore, we show a weakly nonlinear Hooke's relation for the pull-to-peel response of two-dimensional materials, which may be harnessed for the design of nanoscale force sensors or exploited in other thin-film systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohe Dai
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongzheng Tian
- School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanli Yu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianlong Wei
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing100871, People's Republic of China
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10
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Agrawal A, Gravelle S, Kamal C, Botto L. Viscous peeling of a nanosheet. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3967-3980. [PMID: 35551304 PMCID: PMC9131316 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01743h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combining molecular dynamics (MD) and continuum simulations, we study the dynamics of propagation of a peeling front in a system composed of multilayered graphene nanosheets completely immersed in water. Peeling is induced by lifting one of the nanosheet edges with an assigned pulling velocity normal to the flat substrate. Using MD, we compute the pulling force as a function of the pulling velocity, and quantify the viscous resistance to the advancement of the peeling front. We compare the MD results to a 1D continuum model of a sheet loaded with modelled hydrodynamic loads. Our results show that the viscous dependence of the force on the velocity is negligible below a threshold velocity. Above this threshold, the hydrodynamics is mainly controlled by the viscous resistance associated to the flow near the crack opening, while lubrication forces are negligible owing to the large hydrodynamic slip at the liquid-solid boundary. Two dissipative mechanisms are identified: a drag resistance to the upward motion of the edge, and a resistance to the gap opening associated to the curvature of the flow streamlines near the entrance. Surprisingly, the shape of the sheet was found to be approximately independent of the pulling velocity even for the largest velocities considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adyant Agrawal
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Simon Gravelle
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Catherine Kamal
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Botto
- Process and Energy Department, 3ME Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands.
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11
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Bykov M, Fedotenko T, Chariton S, Laniel D, Glazyrin K, Hanfland M, Smith JS, Prakapenka VB, Mahmood MF, Goncharov AF, Ponomareva AV, Tasnádi F, Abrikosov AI, Bin Masood T, Hotz I, Rudenko AN, Katsnelson MI, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Abrikosov IA. High-Pressure Synthesis of Dirac Materials: Layered van der Waals Bonded BeN_{4} Polymorph. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:175501. [PMID: 33988447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.175501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure chemistry is known to inspire the creation of unexpected new classes of compounds with exceptional properties. Here, we employ the laser-heated diamond anvil cell technique for synthesis of a Dirac material BeN_{4}. A triclinic phase of beryllium tetranitride tr-BeN_{4} was synthesized from elements at ∼85 GPa. Upon decompression to ambient conditions, it transforms into a compound with atomic-thick BeN_{4} layers interconnected via weak van der Waals bonds and consisting of polyacetylene-like nitrogen chains with conjugated π systems and Be atoms in square-planar coordination. Theoretical calculations for a single BeN_{4} layer show that its electronic lattice is described by a slightly distorted honeycomb structure reminiscent of the graphene lattice and the presence of Dirac points in the electronic band structure at the Fermi level. The BeN_{4} layer, i.e., beryllonitrene, represents a qualitatively new class of 2D materials that can be built of a metal atom and polymeric nitrogen chains and host anisotropic Dirac fermions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Bykov
- The Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. 20015, USA
- College of Arts and Science, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, USA
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Dominique Laniel
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Konstantin Glazyrin
- Photon Sciences, Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hanfland
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jesse S Smith
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Mohammad F Mahmood
- College of Arts and Science, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, USA
| | - Alexander F Goncharov
- The Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. 20015, USA
| | - Alena V Ponomareva
- Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS," 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ferenc Tasnádi
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexei I Abrikosov
- Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Talha Bin Masood
- Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Hotz
- Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Alexander N Rudenko
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail I Katsnelson
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Igor A Abrikosov
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
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12
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Effect of the External Velocity on the Exfoliation Properties of Graphene from Amorphous SiO2 Surface. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
External action has a significant influence on the formation of high-quality graphene and the adhesion of graphene on the surface of the MEMS/NEMS device. The atomic-scale simulation and calculation can further study the exfoliation process of graphene by external actions. In multilayer graphene systems where graphene layers were simulated weakly contacted with SiO2 substrate, a constant vertical upward velocity (Vup) was applied to the topmost layer. Then two critical velocities were found, and three kinds of distinct exfoliation processes determined by critical upward velocities were observed in multilayer graphene systems. The first critical velocities are in the range of 0.5 Å/ps–3.18 Å/ps, and the second critical velocities are in the range of 9.5 Å/ps–12.1 Å/ps. When the Vup is less than the first critical velocity, all graphene layers will not be exfoliated. When Vup is between the first and second critical Vup, all layers can be exfoliated almost synchronously at last. When Vup is larger than the second critical Vup, the topmost layer can be exfoliated alone, transferring energy to the underlying layers, and the underlying layers are slowly exfoliated. The maximum exfoliation force to exfoliate the topmost layer of graphene is 3200 times larger than that of all graphene layers. Moreover, it is required 149.26 mJ/m2 to get monolayer graphene from multilayers, while peeling off all layers without effort. This study explains the difficulty to get monolayer graphene and why graphene falls off easily during the transfer process.
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13
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Tian Y, Zeng G, Rutt A, Shi T, Kim H, Wang J, Koettgen J, Sun Y, Ouyang B, Chen T, Lun Z, Rong Z, Persson K, Ceder G. Promises and Challenges of Next-Generation "Beyond Li-ion" Batteries for Electric Vehicles and Grid Decarbonization. Chem Rev 2020; 121:1623-1669. [PMID: 33356176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tremendous improvement in performance and cost of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have made them the technology of choice for electrical energy storage. While established battery chemistries and cell architectures for Li-ion batteries achieve good power and energy density, LIBs are unlikely to meet all the performance, cost, and scaling targets required for energy storage, in particular, in large-scale applications such as electrified transportation and grids. The demand to further reduce cost and/or increase energy density, as well as the growing concern related to natural resource needs for Li-ion have accelerated the investigation of so-called "beyond Li-ion" technologies. In this review, we will discuss the recent achievements, challenges, and opportunities of four important "beyond Li-ion" technologies: Na-ion batteries, K-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries, and multivalent batteries. The fundamental science behind the challenges, and potential solutions toward the goals of a low-cost and/or high-energy-density future, are discussed in detail for each technology. While it is unlikely that any given new technology will fully replace Li-ion in the near future, "beyond Li-ion" technologies should be thought of as opportunities for energy storage to grow into mid/large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosen Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Guobo Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ann Rutt
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tan Shi
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Haegyeom Kim
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jingyang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Julius Koettgen
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yingzhi Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tina Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhengyan Lun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ziqin Rong
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kristin Persson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Gerbrand Ceder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Tan BH, Zhang J, Jin J, Ooi CH, He Y, Zhou R, Ostrikov K, Nguyen NT, An H. Direct Measurement of the Contents, Thickness, and Internal Pressure of Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoblisters. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3478-3484. [PMID: 32271023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoblisters have attracted attention due to their ability to controllably modulate the properties of two-dimensional materials. The accurate measurement or estimation of their properties is nontrivial and largely based on Hencky's theory. However, these estimates require a priori knowledge of material properties and propagate large errors. Here we show, through a systematic atomic force microscopy study, several strategies that lead to vastly enhanced characterization of nanoblisters. First, we find that nanoblisters may contain both liquid and gas, resolving an ongoing debate in the literature. Second, we demonstrate how to definitively determine the membrane thickness of a nanoblister and show that Hencky's theory can only reliably predict membrane thicknesses for small aspect ratios and small membrane thicknesses. Third, we develop a novel technique to measure the internal pressures of nanoblisters, which quantitatively agrees with Hencky's theory but carries a 1 order smaller propagated error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beng Hau Tan
- Low Energy Electronic Systems, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 1 Create Way, 138602 Singapore
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jing Jin
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Chin Hong Ooi
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yi He
- School of National Defence Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Renwu Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kostya Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Hongjie An
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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15
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Xia M, Liang C, Cheng Z, Hu R, Liu S. The adhesion energy measured by a stress accumulation-peeling mechanism in the exfoliation of graphite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:1217-1223. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06608f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A stress accumulation-peeling mechanism can be applied to measure the adhesion energy of graphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Xia
- Department of Photoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Nanostructure and Physics Properties
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Optoelectronic Quantum Devices
| | - Chunping Liang
- Department of Photoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofang Cheng
- Department of Photoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- School of Science
| | - Ruixue Hu
- Department of Photoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shiru Liu
- Department of Photoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Science
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- People's Republic of China
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16
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Weippert J, Hauns J, Bachmann J, Böttcher A, Yao X, Yang B, Narita A, Müllen K, Kappes MM. A TPD-based determination of the graphite interlayer cohesion energy. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:194701. [PMID: 30466281 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) spectroscopy was used to determine the binding energies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons C n H m (22 ≤ n ≤ 60) with highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. These energies were then used to estimate the dispersive graphite interlayer cohesion by means of a refined extrapolation method proposed by Björk et al. This yields a cohesion energy of 44.0 ± 3.8 meV per carbon atom. We discuss some limits of the TPD-based approach and contrast our values with previous determinations of the interlayer cohesion energy of graphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Weippert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jakob Hauns
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Julian Bachmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Artur Böttcher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xuelin Yao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bo Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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17
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Vorontsov AV, Tretyakov EV. Determination of graphene's edge energy using hexagonal graphene quantum dots and PM7 method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:14740-14752. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08411k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are important for a variety of applications and designs, and the shapes of GQDs rely on the energy of their boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Vorontsov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Altay State University
- Barnaul 656049
| | - Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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18
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van Engers CD, Cousens NEA, Babenko V, Britton J, Zappone B, Grobert N, Perkin S. Direct Measurement of the Surface Energy of Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:3815-3821. [PMID: 28481551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Graphene produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising candidate for implementing graphene in a range of technologies. In most device configurations, one side of the graphene is supported by a solid substrate, wheras the other side is in contact with a medium of interest, such as a liquid or other two-dimensional material within a van der Waals stack. In such devices, graphene interacts on both faces via noncovalent interactions and therefore surface energies are key parameters for device fabrication and operation. In this work, we directly measured adhesive forces and surface energies of CVD-grown graphene in dry nitrogen, water, and sodium cholate using a modified surface force balance. For this, we fabricated large (∼1 cm2) and clean graphene-coated surfaces with smooth topography at both macro- and nanoscales. By bringing two such surfaces into contact and measuring the force required to separate them, we measured the surface energy of single-layer graphene in dry nitrogen to be 115 ± 4 mJ/m2, which was similar to that of few-layer graphene (119 ± 3 mJ/m2). In water and sodium cholate, we measured interfacial energies of 83 ± 7 and 29 ± 6 mJ/m2, respectively. Our work provides the first direct measurement of graphene surface energy and is expected to have an impact both on the development of graphene-based devices and contribute to the fundamental understanding of surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D van Engers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Nico E A Cousens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Vitaliy Babenko
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
- Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics, Cambridge University , 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Jude Britton
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Zappone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Nanotecnologia (CNR-Nanotec), c/o Department of Physics, Università della Calabria , Rende (CS) 87036, Italy
| | - Nicole Grobert
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Perkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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