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Jin Q, Men K, Li G, Ou T, Lian Z, Deng X, Zhao H, Zhang Q, Ming A, Wei Q, Wei F, Tu H. Ultrasensitive Graphene Field-Effect Biosensors Based on Ferroelectric Polarization of Lithium Niobate for Breast Cancer Marker Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28896-28904. [PMID: 38770712 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present a novel ultrasensitive graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor based on lithium niobate (LiNbO3) ferroelectric substrate for the application of breast cancer marker detection. The electrical properties of graphene are varied under the electrostatic field, which is generated through the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric substrate. It is demonstrated that the properties of interface between graphene and solution are also altered due to the interaction between the electrostatic field and ions. Compared with the graphene field-effect biosensor based on the conventional Si/SiO2 gate structure, our biosensor achieves a higher sensitivity to 64.7 mV/decade and shows a limit of detection down to 1.7 fM (equivalent to 12 fg·mL-1) on the detection of microRNA21 (a breast cancer marker). This innovative design combining GFETs with ferroelectric substrates holds great promise for developing an ultrahigh-sensitivity biosensing platform based on graphene that enables rapid and early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Kuo Men
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Gangrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Tianlang Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ziwei Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anjie Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qianhui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Feng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hailing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
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2
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Yu X, Ji Y, Shen X, Le X. Progress in Advanced Infrared Optoelectronic Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:845. [PMID: 38786801 PMCID: PMC11123936 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Infrared optoelectronic sensors have attracted considerable research interest over the past few decades due to their wide-ranging applications in military, healthcare, environmental monitoring, industrial inspection, and human-computer interaction systems. A comprehensive understanding of infrared optoelectronic sensors is of great importance for achieving their future optimization. This paper comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in infrared optoelectronic sensors. Firstly, their working mechanisms are elucidated. Then, the key metrics for evaluating an infrared optoelectronic sensor are introduced. Subsequently, an overview of promising materials and nanostructures for high-performance infrared optoelectronic sensors, along with the performances of state-of-the-art devices, is presented. Finally, the challenges facing infrared optoelectronic sensors are posed, and some perspectives for the optimization of infrared optoelectronic sensors are discussed, thereby paving the way for the development of future infrared optoelectronic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xinyi Shen
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyun Le
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Jorudas J, Rehman H, Cojocari M, Pashnev D, Urbanowicz A, Kašalynas I, Bertoni B, Vicarelli L, Pitanti A, Malykhin S, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P, Fedorov G. Ultra-broadband absorbance of nanometer-thin pyrolyzed-carbon film on silicon nitride membrane. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:305705. [PMID: 38648779 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Fifty percents absorption by thin film, with thickness is much smaller than the skin depth and optical thickness much smaller than the wavelength, is a well-known concept of classical electrodynamics. This is a valuable feature that has been numerously widely explored for metal films, while chemically inert nanomembranes are a real fabrication challenge. Here we report the 20 nm thin pyrolyzed carbon film (PyC) placed on 300 nm thick silicon nitride (Si3N4) membrane demonstrating an efficient broadband absorption in the terahertz and near infrared ranges. While the bare Si3N4membrane is completely transparent in the THz range, the 20 nm thick PyC layer increases the absorption of the PyC coated Si3N4membrane to 40%. The reflection and transmission spectra in the near infrared region reveal that the PyC film absorption persists to a level of at least 10% of the incident power. Such a broadband absorption of the PyC film opens new pathways toward broadband bolometric radiation detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justinas Jorudas
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
- Department of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Hamza Rehman
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Maria Cojocari
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Daniil Pashnev
- Department of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrzej Urbanowicz
- Department of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- UAB 'TERAVIL', Savanoriu av. 235, LT-02300, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Irmantas Kašalynas
- Department of Optoelectronics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Benedetta Bertoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Vicarelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pitanti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze, piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergei Malykhin
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Georgy Fedorov
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Center of Photonics Research, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
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Patel M, Park HH, Bhatnagar P, Kumar N, Lee J, Kim J. Transparent integrated pyroelectric-photovoltaic structure for photo-thermo hybrid power generation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3466. [PMID: 38658539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermal losses in photoelectric devices limit their energy conversion efficiency, and cyclic input of energy coupled with pyroelectricity can overcome this limit. Here, incorporating a pyroelectric absorber into a photovoltaic heterostructure device enables efficient electricity generation by leveraging spontaneous polarization based on pulsed light-induced thermal changes. The proposed pyroelectric-photovoltaic device outperforms traditional photovoltaic devices by 2.5 times due to the long-range electric field that occurs under pulse illumination. Optimization of parameters such as pulse frequency, scan speed, and illumination wavelength enhances power harvesting, as demonstrated by a power conversion efficiency of 11.9% and an incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 200% under optimized conditions. This breakthrough enables reconfigurable electrostatic devices and presents an opportunity to accelerate technology that surpasses conventional limits in energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malkeshkumar Patel
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd., Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Ho Park
- Optical Device Lab., Device Technology Division, Korea Advanced Nanofab Center (KANC), 109 Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16229, Republic of South Korea
| | - Priyanka Bhatnagar
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd., Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd., Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
| | - Junsik Lee
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd., Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea
| | - Joondong Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), 119 Academy Rd. Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Rd., Yeonsu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of South Korea.
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Fu J, Nie C, Sun F, Li G, Shi H, Wei X. Bionic visual-audio photodetectors with in-sensor perception and preprocessing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk8199. [PMID: 38363832 PMCID: PMC10871537 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk8199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Serving as the "eyes" and "ears" of the Internet of Things, optical and acoustic sensors are the fundamental components in hardware systems. Nowadays, mainstream hardware systems, often comprising numerous discrete sensors, conversion modules, and processing units, tend to result in complex architectures that are less efficient compared to human sensory pathways. Here, a visual-audio photodetector inspired by the human perception system is proposed to enable all-in-one visual and acoustic signal detection with computing capability. This device not only captures light but also optically records sound waves, thus achieving "watching" and "listening" within a single unit. The gate-tunable positive, negative, and zero photoresponses lead to highly programmable responsivities. This programmability enables the execution of diverse functions, including visual feature extraction, object classification, and sound wave manipulation. These results showcase the potential of expanding perception approaches in neuromorphic devices, opening up new possibilities to craft intelligent and compact hardware systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Fu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changbin Nie
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feiying Sun
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Genglin Li
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haofei Shi
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Xingzhan Wei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
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6
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Kim J, Lee J, Lee JM, Facchetti A, Marks TJ, Park SK. Recent Advances in Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Photodetectors. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300246. [PMID: 37203281 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
New emerging low-dimensional such as 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interests in various fields of state-of-the-art electronics, optoelectronics, and photonic applications due to their unique structural features and associated electronic, mechanical, and optical properties as well as high-throughput fabrication for large-area and low-cost production and integration. Particularly, photodetectors which transform light to electrical signals are one of the key components in modern optical communication and developed imaging technologies for whole application spectrum in the daily lives, including X-rays and ultraviolet biomedical imaging, visible light camera, and infrared night vision and spectroscopy. Today, diverse photodetector technologies are growing in terms of functionality and performance beyond the conventional silicon semiconductor, and low-dimensional nanomaterials have been demonstrated as promising potential platforms. In this review, the current states of progress on the development of these nanomaterials and their applications in the field of photodetectors are summarized. From the elemental combination for material design and lattice structure to the essential investigations of hybrid device architectures, various devices and recent developments including wearable photodetectors and neuromorphic applications are fully introduced. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of the low-dimensional nanomaterials based photodetectors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Junho Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sung Kyu Park
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
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Bogatskaya AV, Klenov NV, Popov AM, Schegolev AE, Titovets PA, Tereshonok MV, Yakovlev DS. Multilayer Bolometric Structures for Efficient Wideband Communication Signal Reception. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:141. [PMID: 38251106 PMCID: PMC10818736 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
It is known that the dielectric layer (resonator) located behind the conducting plate of the bolometer system can significantly increase its sensitivity near the resonance frequencies. In this paper, the possibility of receiving broadband electromagnetic signals in a multilayer bolometric meta-material made of alternating conducting (e.g., silicon semiconductor) and dielectric layers is demonstrated both experimentally and numerically. It is shown that such a multilayer structure acts as a lattice of resonators and can significantly increase the width of the frequency band of efficient electromagnetic energy absorption. The parameters of the dielectric and semiconductor layers determine the frequency bands. Numerical modeling of the effect has been carried out under the conditions of our experiment. The numerical results show acceptable qualitative agreement with the experimental data. This study develops the previously proposed technique of resonant absorption of electromagnetic signals in bolometric structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Bogatskaya
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (A.M.P.)
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay V. Klenov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (A.M.P.)
- Superconducting Quantum Computing Lab, Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow, Russia
- D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander M. Popov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (A.M.P.)
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey E. Schegolev
- D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Science and Research Department, Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, 111024 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.T.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Pavel A. Titovets
- Science and Research Department, Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, 111024 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.T.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Maxim V. Tereshonok
- Science and Research Department, Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, 111024 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.T.); (M.V.T.)
| | - Dmitry S. Yakovlev
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France
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Kumar P, Singh G, Guan X, Lee J, Bahadur R, Ramadass K, Kumar P, Kibria MG, Vidyasagar D, Yi J, Vinu A. Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7602-7664. [PMID: 37830178 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, etc. To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in synthetic approaches of CN, its physicochemical properties, and band gap engineering, with a focus on its exclusive usage in a variety of catalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reactions, overall water splitting, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions, pollutant degradation, and organocatalysis. While the structural design and band gap engineering of catalysts are elaborated, the surface chemistry is dealt with in detail to demonstrate efficient catalytic performances. Burning challenges in catalytic design and future outlook are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jangmee Lee
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rohan Bahadur
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Devthade Vidyasagar
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Wu B, Zhang Z, Chen B, Zheng Z, You C, Liu C, Li X, Wang J, Wang Y, Song E, Cui J, An Z, Huang G, Mei Y. One-step rolling fabrication of VO 2 tubular bolometers with polarization-sensitive and omnidirectional detection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi7805. [PMID: 37851806 PMCID: PMC10584336 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Uncooled infrared detection based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) radiometer is highly demanded in temperature monitoring and security protection. The key to its breakthrough is to fabricate bolometer arrays with great absorbance and excellent thermal insulation using a straightforward procedure. Here, we show a tubular bolometer by one-step rolling VO2 nanomembranes with enhanced infrared detection. The tubular geometry enhances the thermal insulation, light absorption, and temperature sensitivity of freestanding VO2 nanomembranes. This tubular VO2 bolometer exhibits a detectivity of ~2 × 108 cm Hz1/2 W-1 in the ultrabroad infrared spectrum, a response time of ~2.0 ms, and a calculated noise-equivalent temperature difference of 64.5 mK. Furthermore, our device presents a workable structural paradigm for polarization-sensitive and omnidirectional light coupling bolometers. The demonstrated overall characteristics suggest that tubular bolometers have the potential to narrow performance and cost gap between photon detectors and thermal detectors with low cost and broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binmin Wu
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu You
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Wang
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enming Song
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jizhai Cui
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghua An
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoshan Huang
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People’s Republic of China
- International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Zhao N, Zhang H, Yang S, Sun Y, Zhao G, Fan W, Yan Z, Lin J, Wan C. Direct Induction of Porous Graphene from Mechanically Strong and Waterproof Biopaper for On-Chip Multifunctional Flexible Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300242. [PMID: 37381614 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Graphene with a 3D porous structure is directly laser-induced on lignocellulosic biopaper under ambient conditions and is further explored for multifunctional biomass-based flexible electronics. The mechanically strong, flexible, and waterproof biopaper is fabricated by surface-functionalizing cellulose with lignin-based epoxy acrylate (LBEA). This composite biopaper shows as high as a threefold increase in tensile strength and excellent waterproofing compared with pure cellulose one. Direct laser writing (DLW) rapidly induces porous graphene from the biopaper in a single step. The porous graphene shows an interconnected carbon network, well-defined graphene domains, and high electrical conductivity (e.g., ≈3 Ω per square), which can be tuned by lignin precursors and loadings as well as lasing conditions. The biopaper in situ embedded with porous graphene is facilely fabricated into flexible electronics for on-chip and paper-based applications. The biopaper-based electronic devices, including the all-solid-state planer supercapacitor, electrochemical and strain biosensors, and Joule heater, show great performances. This study demonstrates the facile, versatile, and low-cost fabrication of multifunctional graphene-based electronics from lignocellulose-based biopaper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Blvd, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Shuhong Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yisheng Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ganggang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Zheng Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, 416 South 6th Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 East Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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11
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Zeng X, Liu Y, Weng W, Hua L, Tang L, Guo W, Chen Y, Yang T, Xu H, Luo J, Sun Z. A molecular pyroelectric enabling broadband photo-pyroelectric effect towards self-driven wide spectral photodetection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5821. [PMID: 37726264 PMCID: PMC10509268 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Broadband spectral photoresponse has shown bright prospects for various optoelectronic devices, while fulfilling high photoactivity beyond the material bandgap is a great challenge. Here, we present a molecular pyroelectric, N-isopropylbenzylaminium trifluoroacetate (N-IBATFA), of which the broadband photo-pyroelectric effects allow for self-driven wide spectral photodetection. As a simple organic binary salt, N-IBATFA possesses a large polarization (~9.5 μC cm-2), high pyroelectric coefficient (~6.9 μC cm-2 K-1) and figures-of-merits (FV = 187.9 × 10-2 cm2 μC-1; FD = 881.5 × 10-5 Pa-0.5) comparable to the state-of-art pyroelectric materials. Particularly, such intriguing attributes endow broadband photo-pyroelectric effect, namely, transient currents covering ultraviolet (UV, 266 nm) to near-infrared (NIR, 1950 nm) spectral regime, which breaks the restriction of its optical absorption and thus allows wide UV-NIR spectral photodetection. Our finding highlights the potential of molecular system as high-performance candidates toward self-powered wide spectral photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wen Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Lina Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Liwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wuqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Haojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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12
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Kwak D, Polyushkin DK, Mueller T. In-sensor computing using a MoS 2 photodetector with programmable spectral responsivity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4264. [PMID: 37460605 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical spectroscopy is an indispensable technique in almost all areas of scientific research and industrial applications. After its acquisition, an optical spectrum is usually further processed using a mathematical algorithm to classify or quantify the measurement results. Here we present the design and realization of a smart photodetector that provides such information directly without the need to explicitly record a spectrum. This is achieved by tailoring the spectral responsivity of the device to a specific purpose. In-sensor computation is performed at the lowest possible level of the sensor system hierarchy - the physical level of photon detection - and does not require any external processing of the measurement data. The device can be programmed to cover different types of spectral regression or classification tasks. We present the analysis of spectral mixtures as an example, but the scheme can also be applied to any other algorithm that can be represented by a linear operator. Our prototype physical implementation utilizes an ensemble of optical cavity-enhanced MoS2 photodetectors with different center wavelengths and individually adjustable peak responsivities. This spectroscopy method represents a significant advance in miniaturized and energy-efficient optical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Kwak
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photonics, Gußhausstraße 27-29, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dmitry K Polyushkin
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photonics, Gußhausstraße 27-29, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photonics, Gußhausstraße 27-29, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Chani MTS, Karimov KS, Kamal T, Fatima N, Rahman MM, Asiri AM. Shockproof Deformable Infrared Radiation Sensors Based on a Polymeric Rubber and Organic Semiconductor H 2Pc-CNT Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2691. [PMID: 37376337 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric rubber and organic semiconductor H2Pc-CNT-composite-based surface- and sandwich-type shockproof deformable infrared radiation (IR) sensors were fabricated using a rubbing-in technique. CNT and CNT-H2Pc (30:70 wt.%) composite layers were deposited on a polymeric rubber substrate as electrodes and active layers, respectively. Under the effect of IR irradiation (0 to 3700 W/m2), the resistance and the impedance of the surface-type sensors decreased up to 1.49 and 1.36 times, respectively. In the same conditions, the resistance and the impedance of the sandwich-type sensors decreased up to 1.46 and 1.35 times, respectively. The temperature coefficients of resistance (TCR) of the surface- and sandwich-type sensors are 1.2 and 1.1, respectively. The novel ratio of the H2Pc-CNT composite ingredients and comparably high value of the TCR make the devices attractive for bolometric applications meant to measure the intensity of infrared radiation. Moreover, given their easy fabrication and low-cost materials, the fabricated devices have great potential for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Saeed Chani
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khasan S Karimov
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Pakistan
- Center for Innovative Development of Science and Technologies of Academy of Sciences, Rudaki Ave., 33, Dushanbe 734025, Tajikistan
| | - Tahseen Kamal
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noshin Fatima
- Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Li X, Nie W, Ma X. Intersubband Transitions in Lead Halide Perovskite-Based Quantum Wells for Mid-Infrared Detectors. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4766-4774. [PMID: 37184992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to their excellent optical and electrical properties as well as versatile growth and fabrication processes, lead halide perovskites have been widely considered as promising candidates for green energy and applications related to optoelectronics. Here, we investigate their potential applications at infrared wavelengths by modeling the intersubband transitions in perovskite-based quantum well systems. Both single-well and double-well structures are studied, and their energy levels as well as the corresponding wave functions and intersubband transition energies are calculated by solving the one-dimensional Schrödinger equations. Via adjustment of the quantum well and barrier thicknesses, the intersubband transition energies can be tuned to cover a broad infrared wavelength range. We also find that the lead halide perovskite-based quantum wells possess high absorption coefficients. The widely tunable transition energies and high absorption coefficients of the perovskite-based quantum well systems, combined with their unique material and electrical properties, may enable an alternative material system for infrared photodetector applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wanyi Nie
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Xuedan Ma
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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15
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The development of ultrasensitive microcalorimeters for bioanalysis and energy balance monitoring. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
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16
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Bogatskaya AV, Klenov NV, Popov AM, Schegolev AE, Titovets PA, Tereshonok MV. Peculiarities of Resonant Absorption of Electromagnetic Signals in Multilayer Bolometric Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1549. [PMID: 36772589 PMCID: PMC9920303 DOI: 10.3390/s23031549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We examine the effect of resonant absorption of electromagnetic signals in a silicon semiconductor plasma layer when the dielectric plate is placed behind it both experimentally and numerically. It is shown that such plate acts as a dielectric resonator and can significantly increase the electromagnetic energy absorption in the semiconductor for certain frequencies determined by the dielectric plate parameters. Numerical modelling of the effect is performed under the conditions of conducted experiment. The numerical results are found to be in qualitative agreement with experimental ones. This study confirms the proposed earlier method of increasing the efficiency of bolometric-type detectors of electromagnetic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Bogatskaya
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay V. Klenov
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Popov
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey E. Schegolev
- D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Titovets
- Science and Research Department, Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, 111024 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Tereshonok
- Science and Research Department, Moscow Technical University of Communication and Informatics, 111024 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Guo W, Xu H, Weng W, Tang L, Ma Y, Liu Y, Hua L, Wang B, Luo J, Sun Z. Broadband Photoresponses from Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared (II) Region through Light-induced Pyroelectric Effects in a Hybrid Perovskite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213477. [PMID: 36326079 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Broadband photodetection has shown a great promise for diverse applications, while the realization of plateau photoresponse from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) spectral region is very challenging. Herein, we exploit photoexcited pyroelectric effect in a chiral hybrid perovskite, (N, N-dimethylcyclohexylammonium)PbBr3 (1), serving as a new pathway to drive broadband photoactivities. It is a room-temperature pyroelectric with large polarization of ≈6.4 μC cm-2 and high pyroelectric figure-of-merits (FV =1.0×10-2 cm2 μC-1 and FD =7.1×10-5 Pa-1/2 ). Strikingly, light-induced pyroelectric effect arising from spontaneous polarization is observed in 1, which cover UV (266 nm) to NIR-II (1950 nm) full spectral region. The broadband photoresponses actualized by pyroelectricity break the limit of optical band gap. As the first demonstration of photo-pyroelectricity covering UV-to-NIR spectral region in hybrid perovskites, this work paves a pathway to assemble high-performance smart devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lina Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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18
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Li N, Park I, Vella JH, Oh SJ, Azoulay JD, Leem DS, Ng TN. Contribution of Sub-Gap States to Broadband Infrared Response in Organic Bulk Heterojunctions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53111-53119. [PMID: 36395383 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work studied a series of infrared detectors comprised of organic bulk heterojunctions to explain the origin of their broadband spectral response from the visible to the infrared spanning 1 to 8 μm and the transition from photonic to bolometric operation. Through comparisons of the detector current and the sub-bandgap density of states, the mid- and long-wave infrared response was attributed to charge trap-and-release processes that impact thermal charge generation and the activation energy of charge mobility. We further demonstrate how the sub-bandgap characteristics, mobility activation energy, and effective bandgap are key design parameters for controlling the device temperature coefficient of resistance, which reached up to -7%/K, better than other thin-film materials such as amorphous silicon and vanadium oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California92093-0407, United States
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, CN210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Insun Park
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do16678, South Korea
| | - Jarrett H Vella
- Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton45433-7131, Ohio, United States
| | - Soong Ju Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jason D Azoulay
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5050, Hattiesburg, Mississippi39406, United States
| | - Dong-Seok Leem
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do16678, South Korea
| | - Tse Nga Ng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California92093-0407, United States
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19
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Shiraishi M, Noda D, Ohta R, Kan T. Room-temperature plasmonic mid-infrared photodetector based on PtSi/p-Si low Schottky-barrier junction. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:3987-3996. [PMID: 36256071 DOI: 10.1364/ao.457717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a low Schottky-barrier photodetector with a plasmonic assist using a two-dimensional (2D) nanohole array was demonstrated, which receives mid-infrared (MIR) light at room temperature. In the structural design, it was confirmed that the 2D nanohole-array photodetector has high absorbance in the MIR region using rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The result showed that the nanoholes formed in p-type silicon (p-Si), platinum silicide (PtSi), to form Schottky barriers, and gold (Au), for photocurrent extraction, had high absorbance in the MIR region along with the Fabry-Perot resonance mode toward the depth of the nanohole. The 2D nanohole array, with Au/PtSi/p-Si layers, has high absorbance for illuminating MIR light near 3.46 µm from the backside. The current-voltage characteristics indicated a low Schottky barrier of 0.32 eV, confirming the photoresponsive potential in the MIR photodetection. The photocurrent response to the modulation signal was obtained at room temperature. In addition, signal processing through transimpedance and lock-in amplifiers enabled us to obtain characteristics with high linearity for light intensities in milliwatts. Light acquisition for 2.5-3.8-µm-long MIR wavelength became possible, and applications in gas sensing, including vibrational absorption bands of alkane groups, are expected.
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20
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Li J, Zou Y, Hu D, Gu Y, Han Z, Liu J, Xu X. Enhanced room-temperature terahertz detection and imaging derived from anti-reflection 2D perovskite layer on MAPbI 3 single crystals. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6109-6117. [PMID: 35388868 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00497f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) detection technology is getting increasing attention from scientists and industries alike due to its superiority in imaging, communication, and defense. Unfortunately, the detection of THz electromagnetic waves under room temperature requires a complicated device architecture design or additional cryogenic cooling units, which increase the cost and complexity of devices, subsequently imposing an impediment in its universal application. In this work, THz detectors operated under room temperature are designed based on the thermoelectric effect with MAPbI3 single crystals (SCs) as active layers. With solution-processed molecular growth engineering, the anti-reflection 2D perovskite layers were constructed on SCs' surfaces to suppress THz reflection loss. Simultaneously, by finely regulating the main carrier types and the direction of the applied bias across the inclined energy level, the thermoelectric effect is further promoted. As a result, THz-induced ΔT in MAPbI3 SCs reaches 4.6 °C, while the enhancement in the bolometric and photothermoelectric effects reach ∼4.8 times and ∼16.9 times, respectively. Finally, the devices achieve responsivity of 88.8 μA W-1 at 0.1 THz under 60 V cm-1, noise equivalent power (NEP) less than 2.16 × 10-9 W Hz-1/2, and specific detectivity (D*) of 1.5 × 108 Jones, which even surpasses the performance of state-of-the-art graphene-based room-temperature THz thermoelectric devices. More importantly, proof-of-concept imaging gives direct evidence of perovskite-based THz sensing in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yousheng Zou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Dawei Hu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yu Gu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Zeyao Han
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Xiaobao Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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21
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Bartmann MG, Sistani M, Luhmann N, Schmid S, Bertagnolli E, Lugstein A, Smoliner J. Germanium nanowire microbolometer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:245201. [PMID: 35245911 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5aec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared detection is widely used for nondestructive and non-contact inspections in various areas, including thermography, environmental and chemical analysis as well as food and medical diagnoses. Common room temperature bolometer-type infrared sensors are based on architectures in theμm range, limiting miniaturization for future highly integrated 'More than Moore' concepts. In this work, we present a first principle study on a highly scalable and CMOS compatible bolometer-type detector utilizing Ge nanowires as the thermal sensitive element. For this approach, we implemented the Ge nanowires on top of a low thermal conducting and highly absorptive membrane as a near infrared (IR) sensor element. We adopted a freestanding membrane coated with an impedance matched platinum absorber demonstrating wavelength independent absorptivity of 50% in the near to mid IR regime. The electrical characteristics of the device were measured depending on temperature and biasing conditions. A strong dependence of the resistance on the temperature was shown with a maximum temperature coefficient of resistance of -0.07 K-1atT = 100 K. Heat transport simulations using COMSOL were used to optimize the responsivity and temporal response, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Further, lock-in measurements were used to benchmark the bolometer device at room temperature with respect to detectivity and noise equivalent power. Finally, we demonstrated that by operating the bolometer with a network of parallel nanowires, both detectivity and noise equivalent power can be effectively improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Bartmann
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Sistani
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Luhmann
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Schmid
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Bertagnolli
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Lugstein
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Smoliner
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Li J, Gu Y, Han Z, Liu J, Zou Y, Xu X. Further Advancement of Perovskite Single Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:274-290. [PMID: 34978435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskite (HP) single crystals (SCs) are garnering extensive attention as active materials to substitute polycrystalline counterparts in solar cells, photodiodes, and photodetectors, etc. Nevertheless, the large thickness and defect-rich surface results in severe carrier recombination and becomes the major bottleneck for augmented performance. In this perspective, we are looking forward to explaining in detail why the SCs hardly unleash their engrossing potential and introduce two parallel paths for further advancement. First is the modification of thick SCs by reducing the prepared thickness or surface passivation. Second is the large thickness that is conducive to the sufficient absorption of high-energy rays with strong penetrating ability and is beneficial to the thermoelectric effect due to the ultralow thermal conductivity of HPs. These applications provide a roundabout strategy to exploit freestanding SCs with a large thickness. Herein, direct modification and application of thick SCs are systematically introduced, expecting to give rise to the prosperity of HP SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Li
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zeyao Han
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yousheng Zou
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaobao Xu
- Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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23
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou Y, Lai H, Liu P, Chen H, Wang X, Xie W. Highly Sensitive and Ultra-Broadband VO 2(B) Photodetector Dominated by Bolometric Effect. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:485-493. [PMID: 34967644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Wadsley B phase vanadium oxide (VO2(B)) with broad-band photoabsorption ability, a large temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), and low noise was developed for uncooled broad-band detection. By using a freestanding structure and reducing the size of active area, the VO2(B) photodetector shows stable and excellent performances in the visible to the terahertz region (405 nm to 0.88 mm), with a peak TCR of -4.77% K-1 at 40 °C, a peak specific detectivity of 6.02 × 109 Jones, and a photoresponse time of 83 ms. A terahertz imaging ability with 30 × 30 pixels was demonstrated. Scanning photocurrent imaging and real-time temperature-photocurrent measurements confirm that a photothermal-type bolometric effect is the dominating mechanism. The study shows the potential of VO2(B) in applications as a new type of uncooled broad-band photodetection material and the potential to further raise the performance of broad-band photodetectors by structural design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Lai
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyi Liu
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomu Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Xie
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, People's Republic of China
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24
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Zhang D, Wu H, Bowen CR, Yang Y. Recent Advances in Pyroelectric Materials and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103960. [PMID: 34672078 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As one important subclass of piezoelectric materials, pyroelectric materials have caused increasing attention owing to the unique pyroelectric effect induced by spontaneous polarization, showing broad promising application prospects due to various electrical responses induced by time-dependent temperature variation. This review systematically introduces the pyroelectric effect and evaluation of pyroelectric materials and follows by analyzing and concluding the novel properties corresponding to four kinds of main pyroelectric materials. The emphasis of this review focuses on several significant and practical applications of pyroelectric materials in thermal energy harvesting from the external environment, pyroelectric sensing, and imaging, even some electrochemical applications including hydrogen generation, wastewater treatment, sterilization, and disinfection. Finally, the development direction of pyroelectric materials, potential challenges and opportunities in the future are all discussed and proposed. Through systematical conclusion and analysis of the latest research progress in the recent two decades, this review may provide significant guide and inspiration in the development of pyroelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Heting Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Somerset, BA2 7AK, UK
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
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25
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Asgari M, Riccardi E, Balci O, De Fazio D, Shinde SM, Zhang J, Mignuzzi S, Koppens FHL, Ferrari AC, Viti L, Vitiello MS. Chip-Scalable, Room-Temperature, Zero-Bias, Graphene-Based Terahertz Detectors with Nanosecond Response Time. ACS NANO 2021; 15:17966-17976. [PMID: 34706194 PMCID: PMC8613901 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The scalable synthesis and transfer of large-area graphene underpins the development of nanoscale photonic devices ideal for new applications in a variety of fields, ranging from biotechnology, to wearable sensors for healthcare and motion detection, to quantum transport, communications, and metrology. We report room-temperature zero-bias thermoelectric photodetectors, based on single- and polycrystal graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), tunable over the whole terahertz range (0.1-10 THz) by selecting the resonance of an on-chip patterned nanoantenna. Efficient light detection with noise equivalent powers <1 nWHz-1/2 and response time ∼5 ns at room temperature are demonstrated. This combination of specifications is orders of magnitude better than any previous CVD graphene photoreceiver operating in the sub-THz and THz range. These state-of-the-art performances and the possibility of upscaling to multipixel architectures on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor platforms are the starting points for the realization of cost-effective THz cameras in a frequency range still not covered by commercially available microbolometer arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Asgari
- NEST,
CNR - Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Riccardi
- NEST,
CNR - Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Osman Balci
- Cambridge
Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Domenico De Fazio
- ICFO-Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sachin M. Shinde
- Cambridge
Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Jincan Zhang
- Cambridge
Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Sandro Mignuzzi
- Cambridge
Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Frank H. L. Koppens
- ICFO-Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea C. Ferrari
- Cambridge
Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Viti
- NEST,
CNR - Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Miriam S. Vitiello
- NEST,
CNR - Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
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26
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Sun Y, Niu G, Ren W, Meng X, Zhao J, Luo W, Ye ZG, Xie YH. Hybrid System Combining Two-Dimensional Materials and Ferroelectrics and Its Application in Photodetection. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10982-11013. [PMID: 34184877 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodetectors are one of the most important components for a future "Internet-of-Things" information society. Compared to the mainstream semiconductor-based photodetectors, emerging devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and ferroelectrics as well as their hybrid systems have been extensively studied in recent decades due to their outstanding performances and related interesting physical, electrical, and optoelectronic phenomena. In this paper, we review the photodetection based on 2D materials and ferroelectric hybrid systems. The fundamentals of 2D and ferroelectric materials as well as the interaction in the hybrid system will be introduced. Ferroelectricity modulated optoelectronic properties in the hybrid system will be discussed in detail. After the basics and figures of merit of photodetectors are summarized, the 2D-ferroelectrics devices with different structures including p-n diodes, Schottky diodes, and field-effect transistors will be reviewed and compared. The polarization of ferroelectrics offers the possibility of the modulation and enhancement of the photodetection in the hybrid detectors, which will be discussed in depth. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the photodetectors based on 2D ferroelectrics will be proposed. This Review outlines the important aspects of the recent development of the hybrid system of 2D and ferroelectric materials, which could interact with each other and thus lead to photodetectors with higher performances. Such a Review will be helpful for the research of emerging physical phenomena and for the design of multifunctional nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Sun
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Gang Niu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ren
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Meng
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhao
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Guang Ye
- Department of Chemistry and 4D Laboratories, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby V5A 1S6, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ya-Hong Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90024, California, United States
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27
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Lou C, Chen H, Li X, Yang X, Zhang Y, Yao J, Ma Y, Chang C, Liu X. Graphene oxide and polydimethylsiloxane coated quartz tuning fork for improved sensitive near- and mid-infrared detection. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:20190-20204. [PMID: 34266113 DOI: 10.1364/oe.428003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and broadband infrared sensors are required for security and medical applications, as few can rapidly and sensitively detect infrared without uncooled devices. Here, we report a wideband optical-detection strategy based on the thermoelastic effect of a coating-enhanced quartz tuning fork (QTF) and study the feasibility of using an atomic force probe operating in contact mode to monitor the vibration. Graphene oxide (GO) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating were applied on the QTF's surface to improve the light absorption and the thermal-mechanical conversion efficiency. Experimental results showed that the bi-layer coatings yielded a maximum gain factor of 8 in response amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than that of a bare QTF, respectively. Lasers with wavelengths of 1512 nm and 10.6 µm were used as the typical representative light source to test the photoresponse of the QTF detector. The device displays a broadband photoresponse covering the near-infrared to mid-infrared range at room temperature, high performance with the maximum photoresponsivity of 85.76 V·mW-1, and 1σ detection limit of 0.056 µW; the lowest noise equivalent power (NEP) of 1.35 nW·Hz-1/2 and 43.9 ms response speed is also achieved. The preparation process of detector is simple and easy to implement; the resulting device exhibits high responsivity and wide wavelength response ranging at least from 1512 to 10600 nm, compared with custom QTF; and the surface coating strategy potentially enables the construction of a new class of low-cost photodetection sensors operated at room temperature.
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28
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Optoelectronic mixing with high-frequency graphene transistors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2728. [PMID: 33980859 PMCID: PMC8115296 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene is ideally suited for optoelectronics. It offers absorption at telecom wavelengths, high-frequency operation and CMOS-compatibility. We show how high speed optoelectronic mixing can be achieved with high frequency (~20 GHz bandwidth) graphene field effect transistors (GFETs). These devices mix an electrical signal injected into the GFET gate and a modulated optical signal onto a single layer graphene (SLG) channel. The photodetection mechanism and the resulting photocurrent sign depend on the SLG Fermi level (EF). At low EF (<130 meV), a positive photocurrent is generated, while at large EF (>130 meV), a negative photobolometric current appears. This allows our devices to operate up to at least 67 GHz. Our results pave the way for GFETs optoelectronic mixers for mm-wave applications, such as telecommunications and radio/light detection and ranging (RADAR/LIDARs.).
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29
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Hasan MAM, Wang Y, Bowen CR, Yang Y. 2D Nanomaterials for Effective Energy Scavenging. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:82. [PMID: 34138309 PMCID: PMC8006560 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of a nation is deeply related to its energy consumption. 2D nanomaterials have become a spotlight for energy harvesting applications from the small-scale of low-power electronics to a large-scale for industry-level applications, such as self-powered sensor devices, environmental monitoring, and large-scale power generation. Scientists from around the world are working to utilize their engrossing properties to overcome the challenges in material selection and fabrication technologies for compact energy scavenging devices to replace batteries and traditional power sources. In this review, the variety of techniques for scavenging energies from sustainable sources such as solar, air, waste heat, and surrounding mechanical forces are discussed that exploit the fascinating properties of 2D nanomaterials. In addition, practical applications of these fabricated power generating devices and their performance as an alternative to conventional power supplies are discussed with the future pertinence to solve the energy problems in various fields and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al Mahadi Hasan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- SUSTech Engineering Innovation Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA27AK, UK
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Briones E. Collective input impedance of micro-antenna based infrared detectors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:5819-5832. [PMID: 33726114 DOI: 10.1364/oe.414230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the author leverages the concept of "input impedance" to determine in a proper manner the collective resonances of infrared devices based on square arrays of micro-dipoles, commonly obtained by the scattered field of devices under illumination. With the aid of finite-element simulations, the resistive and capacitive nature of the odd and even resonant modes of individual micro-dipoles is first unveiled. Subsequently, the micro-dipoles are incorporated into an array with lattice parameters (ax, ay), and the dependence of the emerging collective odd and even resonant modes, on the transverse and longitudinal dipolar interaction, is evaluated. The opposite wavelength shift of these modes is unveiled and the physical mechanisms behind their behavior are discussed. By analyzing the absorbance spectra of the micro-antenna arrays, the equivalence of optical resonances counterpart, in the short and open-circuit configurations, with the odd and even modes is presented. Finally, the effect on the array's performance that results from introducing highly resistive nano-bolometers is optimized by exploiting the natural high-resistance of the collective even modes.
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31
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Castilla S, Vangelidis I, Pusapati VV, Goldstein J, Autore M, Slipchenko T, Rajendran K, Kim S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Martín-Moreno L, Englund D, Tielrooij KJ, Hillenbrand R, Lidorikis E, Koppens FHL. Plasmonic antenna coupling to hyperbolic phonon-polaritons for sensitive and fast mid-infrared photodetection with graphene. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4872. [PMID: 32978380 PMCID: PMC7519130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18544-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating and manipulating the nano-optoelectronic properties of Van der Waals heterostructures can enable unprecedented platforms for photodetection and sensing. The main challenge of infrared photodetectors is to funnel the light into a small nanoscale active area and efficiently convert it into an electrical signal. Here, we overcome all of those challenges in one device, by efficient coupling of a plasmonic antenna to hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in hexagonal-BN to highly concentrate mid-infrared light into a graphene pn-junction. We balance the interplay of the absorption, electrical and thermal conductivity of graphene via the device geometry. This approach yields remarkable device performance featuring room temperature high sensitivity (NEP of 82 pW[Formula: see text]) and fast rise time of 17 nanoseconds (setup-limited), among others, hence achieving a combination currently not present in the state-of-the-art graphene and commercial mid-infrared detectors. We also develop a multiphysics model that shows very good quantitative agreement with our experimental results and reveals the different contributions to our photoresponse, thus paving the way for further improvement of these types of photodetectors even beyond mid-infrared range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Castilla
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Ioannis Vangelidis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Varun-Varma Pusapati
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Jordan Goldstein
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Marta Autore
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Tetiana Slipchenko
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Khannan Rajendran
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Seyoon Kim
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Material Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Material Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Luis Martín-Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Dirk Englund
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Klaas-Jan Tielrooij
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Rainer Hillenbrand
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Elefterios Lidorikis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece. .,University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Institute of Materials Science and Computing, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.
| | - Frank H L Koppens
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain. .,ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, 08010, Spain.
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32
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Kim J, Cui T. Graphene-based temperature sensors suspended by anodic aluminum oxide. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:084701. [PMID: 32872850 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the substrate effect in graphene temperature sensors. Recently, there have been many research studies done on temperature sensors using the nanofabrication technique. However, the sensitivity and response time need to be improved. In this study, we propose a new type of temperature sensor that consists of graphene and Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO). In this device, graphene and AAO are used as the sensing material and the substrate, respectively. We characterize the sensitivity and the response time using the experimental results and simulation data. The real-time resistance change of graphene is monitored depending on the temperature, and the response time is also analyzed by COMSOL Multiphysics. To confirm the porous substrate effect, we compare the device performance of the AAO substrate to the performance of the glass substrate. From these results, the suspended graphene on the AAO substrate shows about two times higher sensitivity and a much faster response time than the glass substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, 111 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - T Cui
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, 111 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Zhao H, Ouyang B, Han L, Mishra YK, Zhang Z, Yang Y. Conjuncted photo-thermoelectric effect in ZnO-graphene nanocomposite foam for self-powered simultaneous temperature and light sensing. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11864. [PMID: 32681111 PMCID: PMC7368035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-powered sensors are more and more important in current society. However, detecting both light and temperature signals simultaneously without energy waste and signal interference is still a challenge. Here, we report a ZnO/graphene nanocomposite foam-based self-powered sensor, which can realize the simultaneous detection of light and temperature by using the conjuncted photo-thermoelectric effect in ZnO-graphene nanocomposite foam sensor. The output current under light, heating and cooling of the device with the best ZnO/graphene ratio (8:1) for the foam can reach 1.75 µA, 1.02 µA and 0.70 µA, respectively, which are approximately three fold higher than them of devices with other ZnO/graphene ratios. The ZnO-graphene nanocomposite foam device also possesses excellent thermoelectric and photoelectric performances for conjuncted lighting and heating detection without mutual interference. The ZnO-graphene nanocomposite foam device exhibits a new designation on the road towards the fabrication of low cost and one-circuit-based multifunction sensors and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqi Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangsen Ouyang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshan Zhong Road, Anshan, 114051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshan Zhong Road, Anshan, 114051, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Center On Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Infrared photodetector sensitized by InAs quantum dots embedded near an Al 0.3Ga 0.7As/GaAs heterointerface. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11628. [PMID: 32669650 PMCID: PMC7363919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mid-infrared sensors detect infrared radiation emitted from objects, and are actually widely used for monitoring gases and moisture as well as for imaging objects at or above room temperature. Infrared photodetectors offer fast detection, but many devices cannot provide high responsivity at room temperature. Here we demonstrate infrared sensing with high responsivity at room temperature. The central part of our device is an Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs heterostructure containing InAs quantum-dot (QD) layer with a 10-nm-thick GaAs spacer. In this device, the electrons that have been accumulated at the heterointerface are transferred to the conduction band of the Al0.3Ga0.7As barrier by absorbing infrared photons and the following drift due to the electric field at the interface. These intraband transitions at the heterointerface are sensitized by the QDs, suggesting that the presence of the QDs increases the strength of the intraband transition near the heterointerface. The room-temperature responsivity spectrum exhibits several peaks in the mid-infrared wavelength region, corresponding to transitions from the InAs QD and wetting layer states as well as the transition from the quantized state of the triangular potential well at the two-dimensional heterointerface. We find that the responsivity is almost independent of the temperature and the maximum value at 295 K is 0.8 A/W at ~ 6.6 µm for a bias of 1 V, where the specific detectivity is \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$1.8\times {10}^{10}$$\end{document}1.8×1010 cmHz1/2/W.
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Chen X, Shehzad K, Gao L, Long M, Guo H, Qin S, Wang X, Wang F, Shi Y, Hu W, Xu Y, Wang X. Graphene Hybrid Structures for Integrated and Flexible Optoelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902039. [PMID: 31282020 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene (Gr) has many unique properties including gapless band structure, ultrafast carrier dynamics, high carrier mobility, and flexibility, making it appealing for ultrafast, broadband, and flexible optoelectronics. To overcome its intrinsic limit of low absorption, hybrid structures are exploited to improve the device performance. Particularly, van der Waals heterostructures with different photosensitive materials and photonic structures are very effective for improving photodetection and modulation efficiency. With such hybrid structures, Gr hybrid photodetectors can operate from ultraviolet to terahertz, with significantly improved R (up to 109 A W-1 ) and bandwidth (up to 128 GHz). Furthermore, integration of Gr with silicon (Si) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits, the human body, and soft tissues is successfully demonstrated, opening promising opportunities for wearable sensors and biomedical electronics. Here, the recent progress in using Gr hybrid structures toward high-performance photodetectors and integrated optoelectronic applications is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xian, 710071, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Khurram Shehzad
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, College of Microelectronics, ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Li Gao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Mingsheng Long
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xian, 710071, China
| | - Shuchao Qin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaomu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Fengqiu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Weida Hu
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, College of Microelectronics, ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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36
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Gosciniak J, Khurgin JB. On-Chip Ultrafast Plasmonic Graphene Hot Electron Bolometric Photodetector. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14711-14719. [PMID: 32596608 PMCID: PMC7315610 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigate a waveguide-integrated plasmonic graphene photodetector operating based on the hot carrier photo-bolometric effect, which is characterized simultaneously by high responsivity on the scale of hundreds of A/W and high speed on the scale of 100's of GHz that is limited only by the product of the electronic heat capacitance and thermal resistance. We develop a theory of the bolometric effect originating from the band nonparabolicity of graphene and estimate responsivity due to the bolometric effect, which is shown to significantly surpass the responsivity of the coexisting photoconductive effect, thus convincingly demonstrating the dominance of the bolometric effect. Based on the theory, we propose a novel detector configuration based on a hybrid waveguide that allows for efficient absorption in graphene over a short distance and subsequently a large change of conductivity. The results demonstrate the potential of graphene for high-speed communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Gosciniak
- New York University
Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi 307501, UAE
| | - Jacob B. Khurgin
- John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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37
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Wang Q, Zhou C, Chai Y. Breaking symmetry in device design for self-driven 2D material based photodetectors. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8109-8118. [PMID: 32236235 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The advent of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials offers great potential for optoelectronic applications. Various device structures and novel mechanisms have been proposed to realize photodetectors with unique detecting properties. In this minireview, we focus on a self-driven photodetector that has great potential for low-power or even powerless operation required in the internet of things and wearable electronics. To address the general principle of self-driven properties, we propose and elaborate the concept of symmetry breaking in 2D material based self-driven photodetectors. We discuss various mechanisms of breaking symmetry for self-driven photodetectors, including asymmetrical contact engineering, field-induced asymmetry, PN homojunctions, and PN heterostructures. Typical device examples based on these mechanisms are reviewed and compared. The performance of current self-driven photodetectors is critically assessed and future directions are discussed towards the target application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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38
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Chai J, Mu X, Li J, Zhu L, Zhai K, Sun M, Li Y. Photoninduced charge redistribution of graphene determined by edge structures in the infrared region. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 229:117858. [PMID: 31813728 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By using the ab initio density-functional theory method, we investigated the charge redistribution of monolayer graphene with ZigZag and/or ArmChair edges upon infrared excitation. The photoinduced charge redistribution is strongly dependent on edge types. The priority of electrons transfer has been revealed by charge density difference. To further investigate the influence of edge types on optical properties, the dielectric constants and absorption coefficient of graphene with various edge types have been calculated. The edge types have a non-negligible influence on optical properties of graphene, and the Zigzag edge graphene owns stronger optical absorption in infrared region. Our results are potentially beneficial for designing graphene nanodevices in the infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chai
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Xijiao Mu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liangxin Zhu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, China.
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39
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Yu T, Hu Y, Feng G, Hu K. A Graphene‐Based Flexible Device as a Specific Far‐Infrared Emitter for Noninvasive Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- Department of Medical GeneticsSchool of Basic Medical Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of XenotransplantationNanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Yimin Hu
- Grahope New Materials Technologies Inc. Shenzhen 518063 China
| | - Guanping Feng
- Grahope New Materials Technologies Inc. Shenzhen 518063 China
| | - Ke Hu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical and Medical EngineeringDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and InformaticsNanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
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40
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Nandi S, Misra A. Spray Coating of Two-Dimensional Suspended Film of Vanadium Oxide-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Fabrication of a Large Volume Infrared Bolometer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1315-1321. [PMID: 31823606 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel spray coating and transfer method is developed for fabricating a suspended bolometer of vanadium oxide-coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VCNTs). A parametric study was performed to evaluate the effect of the substrate, modulation frequency, and temperature on the bolometric performance and revealed that the performance of the bolometer solely does not depend on the substrate parameter but modulation frequency and bias current as a function of temperature also play a key attribute. The TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance) of the suspended VCNT bolometer is ∼-0.41%/K which is ∼486% higher than the reported suspended multiwalled CNTs at 300 K. Moreover, the suspended bolometer has a voltage responsivity of ∼67.42 ± 5.46 V/W (∼7.68 times that of unsuspended) at 200 K. Thus, the study presents an efficient method to develop the suspended bolometer that has not been realized so far to obtain much higher TCR and responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Nandi
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , Karnataka 560012 , India
| | - Abha Misra
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , Karnataka 560012 , India
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41
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Liu A, Ni Z, Chen J, Huang Y. Highly Sensitive Graphene/Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Films near the Threshold Concentration with Biaxial Stretching. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010071. [PMID: 31906508 PMCID: PMC7023675 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uniformly dispersed graphene effectively improves the strain-sensing capability of the composite film under a low graphene load in nanocomposites prepared with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and graphene (GNP) monolayer powder. The threshold concentration of graphene was determined by loading nanocomposites at different temperatures. For different concentrations, when using traditional uniaxial stretching, the rate of resistance change of films near the threshold concentration is five times higher than the rate of films with a high concentration. Compared with traditional uniaxial stretching, the biaxial stretching we introduced can effectively improve the sensitivity of the film by an order of magnitude. The change in the resistance of the film near the threshold concentration is due to the change of the tunnel length and the cross-section of the tunnel, whereas the high concentration of the film is due to the change of the conductive path inside the film. Biaxial stretching has different effects on films with different concentrations, but the final effect of increasing sensitivity is the same. This study provides guidance for improving the strain-sensing sensitivity of GNP/PDMS composite films and the application of biaxial tension in detecting human motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liu
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (A.L.); (Z.N.); (J.C.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhengji Ni
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (A.L.); (Z.N.); (J.C.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Institute of Optical Instruments, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (A.L.); (Z.N.); (J.C.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yuanshen Huang
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (A.L.); (Z.N.); (J.C.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Institute of Optical Instruments, Shanghai 200093, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-133-0190-9205
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42
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Zhang M, Ban D, Xu C, Yeow JTW. Large-Area and Broadband Thermoelectric Infrared Detection in a Carbon Nanotube Black-Body Absorber. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13285-13292. [PMID: 31715095 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature mid- and far-infrared photodetectors and energy harvesters meet diverse upcoming demands including health condition monitoring, industrial inspection, and miniaturized power-source for Internet of Things. However, the cryogenic cooling requirement for III-V semiconductors and the inefficient light absorption in two-dimensional (2D) materials, for example, graphene (2.3%) and black phosphorus (∼3%), have hindered mid- and far-infrared optoelectronics from widespread applications. Here, we demonstrate a self-powered infrared photodetector as well as energy harvester via employing vertical photothermoelectric (PTE) effect of a carbon nanotube forest (CNTF). In the self-assembled anti-reflecting CNTF, 99.4% reflection suppression is observed, resulting in a broadband detectivity of 1.9 × 107 cm Hz1/2 in 2.5-25 μm spectral range and peak detectivity of 2.3 × 109 cm Hz1/2 at 4.3 THz via nonlithography fabrication. By virtue of vertical architecture, this photodetector exhibits enhanced sensitivity to weak and unfocused infrared illumination, which mitigates the high actuating power density in conventional PTE or field-effect detectors and renders practical infrared detection in the real life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Advanced Micro-/Nano-Devices Lab, Department of Systems Design Engineering , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Dayan Ban
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Chao Xu
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - John T W Yeow
- Advanced Micro-/Nano-Devices Lab, Department of Systems Design Engineering , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
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43
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Guo J, Liu Y, Lin Y, Tian Y, Zhang J, Gong T, Cheng T, Huang W, Zhang X. Simulation of tuning graphene plasmonic behaviors by ferroelectric domains for self-driven infrared photodetector applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20868-20875. [PMID: 31657407 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a tunable longwave infrared photodetector with ultra-high sensitivity based on graphene surface plasmon polaritons controlled by ferroelectric domains. The simulated results show that the photodetector shows a tunable absorption peak, modulated by periodically polarized ferroelectric domains at the nanoscale, with an ultra-high responsivity up to 7.62 × 106 A W-1 and a detectivity of ∼6.24 × 1013 Jones (Jones = cm Hz1/2 W-1) in the wavelengths ranging from 5 to 20 μm at room temperature. The potential mechanism for the prominent performances of the proposed photodetector can be attributed to the highly confined graphene surface plasmons excited by the local electrical field across the interface of the graphene and ferroelectric layer resonant to the incident wavelength, which could be easily controlled by the features of the ferroelectric domains. Compared with the silicon-based graphene plasmonic photodetector using a complex process of micro-nano fabrication, the proposed photodetector provides the advantages of a more convenient and controllable technique without the need for patterning graphene, and lower energy consumption due to the non-volatile properties of the ferroelectrics without an additional contact electrode. The tunable spectral response and the ultra-high responsivity make the graphene plasmonic photodetector tuned by the ferroelectric domains promising in practical applications of micro-spectrometers and other light sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinxing Zhang
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tianxun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Tiedong Cheng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Electronic Science and Engineering (National Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
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44
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Muench JE, Ruocco A, Giambra MA, Miseikis V, Zhang D, Wang J, Watson HFY, Park GC, Akhavan S, Sorianello V, Midrio M, Tomadin A, Coletti C, Romagnoli M, Ferrari AC, Goykhman I. Waveguide-Integrated, Plasmonic Enhanced Graphene Photodetectors. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7632-7644. [PMID: 31536362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a micrometer-scale, on-chip integrated, plasmonic enhanced graphene photodetector (GPD) for telecom wavelengths operating at zero dark current. The GPD is designed to directly generate a photovoltage by the photothermoelectric effect. It is made of chemical vapor deposited single layer graphene, and has an external responsivity ∼12.2 V/W with a 3 dB bandwidth ∼42 GHz. We utilize Au split-gates to electrostatically create a p-n-junction and simultaneously guide a surface plasmon polariton gap-mode. This increases the light-graphene interaction and optical absorption and results in an increased electronic temperature and steeper temperature gradient across the GPD channel. This paves the way to compact, on-chip integrated, power-efficient graphene based photodetectors for receivers in tele- and datacom modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob E Muench
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Alfonso Ruocco
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Marco A Giambra
- Consorzio Nazionale per le Telecomunicazioni , 56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Vaidotas Miseikis
- Consorzio Nazionale per le Telecomunicazioni , 56124 Pisa , Italy
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 56127 Pisa , Italy
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Dengke Zhang
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Junjia Wang
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Hannah F Y Watson
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Gyeong C Park
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Shahab Akhavan
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Vito Sorianello
- Consorzio Nazionale per le Telecomunicazioni , 56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Michele Midrio
- Consorzio Nazionale per le Telecomunicazioni , University of Udine , 33100 Udine , Italy
| | - Andrea Tomadin
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università di Pisa , Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3 , 56127 Pisa , Italy
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 56127 Pisa , Italy
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Marco Romagnoli
- Consorzio Nazionale per le Telecomunicazioni , 56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Andrea C Ferrari
- Cambridge Graphene Centre , University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Ilya Goykhman
- Micro Nanoelectronics Research Center , Technion , Haifa 320000 , Israel
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45
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Xiao Z, Durkan C. Size effects in the resistivity of graphene nanoribbons. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:445203. [PMID: 31365905 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab374c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrical resistivity of single-layer graphene nanoribbons has been studied experimentally for ribbon widths from 16 to 320 nm and is shown to validate the expected quantum scattering model for conduction through confined graphene structures. The experimental findings are that the resistivity follows a more dramatic trend than that seen for metallic nanowires of similar dimensions, due to a combination of the nature of the charge carriers in this 2D material, surface scattering from the edges, bandgap related effects and shifts in the Fermi level due to edge effects. We show that the charge neutrality point switches polarity below a ribbon width of around 50 nm, and that at this point, the thermal coefficient of resistance is a maximum. The majority doping type therefore can be controlled by altering ribbon width below 100 nm. We also demonstrate that an alumina passivation layer has a significant effect on the mean free path of the charge carriers within the graphene, which can be probed directly via measurements of the width-dependent resistivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Xiao
- Nanoscience, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FF, United Kingdom
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46
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Yang H, Tan C, Deng C, Zhang R, Zheng X, Zhang X, Hu Y, Guo X, Wang G, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Peng G, Peng H, Zhang X, Qin S. Bolometric Effect in Bi 2 O 2 Se Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1904482. [PMID: 31512402 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bi2 O2 Se is emerging as a photosensitive functional material for optoelectronics, and its photodetection mechanism is mostly considered to be a photoconductive regime in previous reports. Here, the bolometric effect is discovered in Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors. The coexistence of photoconductive effect and bolometric effect is generally observed in multiwavelength photoresponse measurements and then confirmed with microscale local heating experiments. The unique photoresponse of Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors may arise from a change of hot electrons during temperature rises instead of photoexcited holes and electrons. Direct proof of the bolometric effect is achieved by real-time temperature tracking of Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors under time evolution after light excitation. Moreover, the Bi2 O2 Se bolometer shows a high temperature coefficient of resistance (-1.6% K-1 ), high bolometric coefficient (-31 nA K-1 ), and high bolometric responsivity (>320 A W-1 ). These findings offer a new approach to develop bolometric photodetectors based on Bi2 O2 Se layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Congwei Tan
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chuyun Deng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Renyan Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhe Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Hu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guang Wang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jiang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Gang Peng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Peng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xueao Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
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47
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Murali K, Abraham N, Das S, Kallatt S, Majumdar K. Highly Sensitive, Fast Graphene Photodetector with Responsivity >10 6 A/W Using a Floating Quantum Well Gate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:30010-30018. [PMID: 31347352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, owing to its zero-band-gap electronic structure, is promising as an absorption material for ultra-wideband photodetection applications. However, graphene-absorption-based detectors inherently suffer from poor responsivity because of weak absorption and fast photocarrier recombination, limiting their viability for low-intensity light detection. Here, we use a graphene/WS2/MoS2 vertical heterojunction to demonstrate a highly sensitive photodetector, where the graphene layer serves dual purposes, namely, as the light absorption layer and also as the carrier conduction channel, thus maintaining the broadband nature of the photodetector. A fraction of the photoelectrons in graphene encounter ultrafast interlayer transfer to a floating monolayer MoS2 quantum well, providing a strong quantum-confined photogating effect. The photodetector shows a responsivity of 4.4 × 106 A/W at 30 fW incident power, outperforming photodetectors reported till date where graphene is used as a light absorption material by several orders. In addition, the proposed photodetector exhibits an extremely low noise equivalent power of <4 fW/ Hz and a fast response (∼milliseconds) with zero reminiscent photocurrent. The findings are attractive toward the demonstration of a graphene-based highly sensitive, fast, broadband photodetection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Murali
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Nithin Abraham
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Sarthak Das
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Sangeeth Kallatt
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Kausik Majumdar
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
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48
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Gu Y, Zhang T, Chen H, Wang F, Pu Y, Gao C, Li S. Mini Review on Flexible and Wearable Electronics for Monitoring Human Health Information. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:263. [PMID: 31372771 PMCID: PMC6675826 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The application potential of wearable electronics in the healthcare field has been of great interest over the past several decades. Flexible and wearable devices based on skin-friendly soft elastic materials can be snugly attached to the surface of human skin, so that a series of vital health information such as wrist pulse, body temperature, and blood glucose can be extracted and analyzed to help the patient maintain physical fitness. Here, we outlined the most common types of wearable electronics for monitoring human health information, including force sensors, temperature sensors, physiological biochemical sensors, and multifunctional sensors. Their general working principles and structural innovations are reviewed. Then, we discussed two functional modules that make the wearable sensors more applicable in real life-self-powered module and signal processing module. The challenges and future research directions are also proposed to develop wearable electronics for monitoring human health information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Gu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yueming Pu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chunming Gao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Shibin Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
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49
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Gul HZ, Sakong W, Ji H, Torres J, Yi H, Ghimire MK, Yoon JH, Yun MH, Hwang HR, Lee YH, Lim SC. Semimetallic Graphene for Infrared Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:19565-19571. [PMID: 31045342 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Both photothermal and photovoltaic infrared (IR) detectors employ sensing materials that have an optical band gap. Different from these conventional materials, graphene has a conical band structure that imposes zero band gap. In this study, using the semimetallic multilayer graphene, IR detection at room temperature is realized. The relatively high Seebeck coefficient, ranging from 40 to 60 μV/K, compared to that of the metal, and the large optical absorption in the mid-IR region, in the wavelength range of 7-17 μm, enable graphene to detect IR without an absorber, which is essential for most IR detectors because the band gap of the sensing materials is much larger than the energy of IR and the incident IR can be absorbed directly by the sensing material. Thus, the incident IR can be absorbed directly by the sensing material in our device. The developed detector with a SiN membrane shows high responsivity and detectivity, which are 140 V/W and 5 × 108 cm·Hz1/2/W at 5 Hz, respectively. In addition, the IR sensor shows a response time of 600 μs. In the room-temperature operation of the IR sensor array without cooling, our sensors detect IR emitted from a human body and track the movement. The availability of large-area graphene in current technology opens new applications for metallic two-dimensional materials and a possibility for scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jorge Torres
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15261 , United States
| | | | | | - Jung Hyun Yoon
- R&D Division , WISE Control Inc. , 199, Sanggal-dong , Giheung-gu, Youngin-si , Gyeonggi-do 17097 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Yun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15261 , United States
| | - Ha Ryong Hwang
- R&D Division , WISE Control Inc. , 199, Sanggal-dong , Giheung-gu, Youngin-si , Gyeonggi-do 17097 , Republic of Korea
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50
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Near-zero temperature coefficient of resistance of hybrid resistor fabricated with carbon nanotube and metal alloy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7763. [PMID: 31123279 PMCID: PMC6533305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A hybrid resistor has been fabricated by parallely connecting carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber with negative temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and metal alloy with positive TCR to achieve near zero TCR. The CNT fibers were prepared by yarning CNTs grown on the silicone substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The CNT fiber resistors were fabricated by winding CNT fiber on the ceramic rod. Metal terminals were connected at both ends of the CNT fiber wound on the ceramic rod. The metal alloy resistors were fabricated with copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) with different weight compositions. Electrical resistance and thermal stability (in terms of TCR in this work) of the CNT fiber resistors, the metal alloy resistors, and the hybrid resistors were measured as 7.94 Ω and -870 ppm/°C, 7.94 Ω and 1100 ppm/°C, and 3.97 Ω and -2 ppm/°C, respectively. In case of parallelly connected resistors with suitable combination, the resistance was lower than that of resistor with lower value, and the TCR approached to near zero. Finally, we propose a theoretical approach for adjusting resistance and TCR of the hybrid resistor composed of metal alloy and CNT fibers.
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