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Bian M, Zhu C, Nie A, Zhou Z. Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Decoction ameliorates gouty arthritis in rats via altering gut microbiota and improving metabolic profile. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155800. [PMID: 38851098 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of gouty arthritis (GA) has gradually increased, and modern drug therapies have obvious side effects. Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Decoction (GSZD), a classic prescription in Traditional Chinese Medicine for treating various osteoarthritis, has shown significant advantages in curing GA. PURPOSE To verify the therapeutic effect of GSZD on GA and investigate its potential pharmacological mechanism via integrated analysis of the gut microbiota and serum metabolites for the first time. METHODS The chemical composition of GSZD was determined using UPLC-MS. The GA rat model was established by the induction of a high-purine diet combined with local injection. We examined the effects and mechanisms of GSZD after 21 d using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, 16S rRNA, and non-targeted metabolomics. Finally, correlation analysis and validation experiment were performed to explore the association among the gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and GA-related clinical indices. RESULTS In total, 19 compounds were identified as GSZD. High-purine feedstuff with local injection-induced arthroceles were significantly attenuated after GSZD treatment. GSZD improved bone erosion and reduced the serum levels of inflammatory factors (lipopolysaccharide, tumor cell necrosis factor-α, and interleukin) and key indicators of GA (uric acid). 16S rRNA analysis indicated that GSZD-treated GA rats exhibited differences in the composition of the gut microbiota. The abundance of flora involved in uric acid transport, including Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, and Turicibacter, was elevated to various degrees, whereas the abundance of bacteria involved in inflammatory responses, such as Blautia, was markedly reduced after treatment. Moreover, serum metabolite profiles revealed 27 different metabolites associated with the amelioration of GA, which primarily included fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, purine metabolism, amino acids, and bile acids, as well as primary metabolic pathways, such as glycerophospholipid metabolism and alanine. Finally, correlation analysis of the heat maps and validation experiment demonstrated a close relationship among inflammatory cytokines, gut microbial phylotypes, and metabolic parameters. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that GSZD could modulate the gut microbiota and serum metabolic homeostasis to treat GA. In addition, the application of gut microbiota and serum metabolomics correlation analyses sheds light on the mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine compounds in the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Bian
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chunsheng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Anzheng Nie
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Chen K, Li T, Diao H, Wang Q, Zhou X, Huang Z, Wang M, Mao Z, Yang Y, Yu W. SIRT7 knockdown promotes gemcitabine sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell via upregulation of GLUT3 expression. Cancer Lett 2024:217109. [PMID: 39002692 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine serves as a first-line chemotherapeutic treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC), but it is prone to rapid drug resistance. Increasing the sensitivity of PC to gemcitabine has long been a focus of research. Fasting interventions may augment the effects of chemotherapy and present new options. SIRT7 is known to link metabolism with various cellular processes through post-translational modifications. We found upregulation of SIRT7 in PC cells is associated with poor prognosis and gemcitabine resistance. Cross-analysis of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data suggested that GLUT3 might be a downstream target gene of SIRT7. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that SIRT7 directly interacts with the enhancer region of GLUT3 to desuccinylate H3K122. Our group's another study revealed that GLUT3 can transport gemcitabine in breast cancer cells. Here, we found GLUT3 KD reduces the sensitivity of PC cells to gemcitabine, and SIRT7 KD-associated gemcitabine-sensitizing could be reversed by GLUT3 KD. While fasting mimicking induced upregulation of SIRT7 expression in PC cells, knocking down SIRT7 enhanced sensitivity to gemcitabine through upregulating GLUT3 expression. We further confirmed the effect of SIRT7 deficiency on the sensitivity of gemcitabine under fasting conditions using a mouse xenograft model. In summary, our study demonstrates that SIRT7 can regulate GLUT3 expression by binding to its enhancer and altering H3K122 succinylation levels, thus affecting gemcitabine sensitivity in PC cells. Additionally, combining SIRT7 knockdown with fasting may improve the efficacy of gemcitabine. This unveils a novel mechanism by which SIRT7 influences gemcitabine sensitivity in PC and offer innovative strategies for clinical combination therapy with gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tiane Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Honglin Diao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qikai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zebin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yinmo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Wenhua Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Zeng L, Shali S, Gao Y, Du X, Zhu X, Li L, Dai Y, Zhou P. CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Deletion of the Uox Gene Generates a Mouse Model of Hyperuricemia with Multiple Complications. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10526-6. [PMID: 38856882 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic disorder with severe complications. We aimed to develop a mouse model for spontaneous hyperuricemia. Uox-/- mouse model was generated on C57BL/6J background by deleting exon 2-4 of Uox using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The prototypic Uox -/-mice had 5.5-fold increased serum uric acid (1351.04±276.58μmol/L) as compared to the wild type mice (P<0.0001), but died by 4 weeks. After allopurinol (3ug/g) intervention, they all survived > 8 weeks. The serum uric acid was 612.55±146.98μmol/L in the 8-week-old allopurinol-rescued Uox -/-mice, which manifested multiple complications including severe renal insufficiency, hypertension, left ventricular remodeling and systolic dysfunction, aortic endothelial dysfunction, hepatic steatosis and elevated liver enzymes, as well as hyperglycemia and hypercholesteremia. The present Uox-/- mice developed spontaneous hyperuricemia complicated with urate nephropathy, cardiovascular disease and cardiometabolic disorders, and may provide a novel tool to study hyperuricemia associated early-onset cardiovascular disorders in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzi Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shalaimaiti Shali
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yabiao Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchen Du
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Tan J, Zhu C, Li L, Wang J, Xia XH, Wang C. Engineering Cell Membranes: From Extraction Strategies to Emerging Biosensing Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7880-7894. [PMID: 38272835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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Han QQ, Ren QD, Guo X, Farag MA, Zhang YH, Zhang MQ, Chen YY, Sun ST, Sun JY, Li NY, Liu C. Punicalagin attenuates hyperuricemia via restoring hyperuricemia-induced renal and intestinal dysfunctions. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00129-2. [PMID: 38609050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is estimated that 90% of hyperuricemia cases are attributed to the inability to excrete uric acid (UA). The two main organs in charge of excreting UA are the kidney (70%) and intestine (30%). Previous studies have reported that punicalagin (PU) could protect against kidney and intestinal damages, which makes it a potential candidate for alleviating hyperuricemia. However, the effects and deeper action mechanisms of PU for managing hyperuricemia are still unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and action mechanisms of PU for ameliorating hyperuricemia. METHODS The effects and action mechanisms of PU on hyperuricemia were assessed using a hyperuricemia mice model. Phenotypic parameters, metabolomics analysis, and 16S rRNA sequencing were applied to explore the effect and fundamental action mechanisms inside the kidney and intestine of PU for improving hyperuricemia. RESULTS PU administration significantly decreased elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels in hyperuricemia mice, and effectively alleviated the kidney and intestinal damage caused by hyperuricemia. In the kidney, PU down-regulated the expression of UA resorption protein URAT1 and GLUT9, while up-regulating the expression of UA excretion protein ABCG2 and OAT1 as mediated via the activation of MAKP/NF-κB in hyperuricemia mice. Additionally, PU attenuated renal glycometabolism disorder, which contributed to improving kidney dysfunction and inflammation. Similarly, PU increased UA excretion protein expression via inhibiting MAKP/NF-κB activation in the intestine of hyperuricemia mice. Furthermore, PU restored gut microbiota dysbiosis in hyperuricemia mice. CONCLUSION This research revealed the ameliorating impacts of PU on hyperuricemia by restoring kidney and intestine damage in hyperuricemia mice, and to be considered for the development of nutraceuticals used as UA-lowering agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Qi-Dong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yu-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Meng-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shu-Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jin-Yue Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Ning-Yang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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Feng ZP, Wang XY, Xin HY, Huang SL, Huang HY, Xin Q, Zhang XH, Xin HW. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in gout. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38629677 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of social economy, the incidence of gout is increasing, which is closely related to people's increasingly rich diet. Eating a diet high in purine, fat, sugar and low-fibre for a long time further aggravates gout by affecting uric acid metabolism. The renal metabolism mechanism of uric acid has been thoroughly studied. To find a new treatment method for gout, increasing studies have recently been conducted on the mechanism of intestinal excretion, metabolism and absorption of uric acid. The most important research is the relationship between intestinal microbiota and the risk of gout. Gut microbiota represent bacteria that reside in a host's gastrointestinal tract. The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with protection against pathogen colonization and disease occurrence. This review focuses on how gut microbiota affects gout through uric acid and discusses the types of bacteria that may be involved in the occurrence and progression of gout. We also describe potential therapy for gout by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis and reducing uric acid levels. We hold the perspective that changing intestinal microbiota may become a vital method for effectively preventing or treating gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Research on Human Genetic Diseases Research at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Basic Medicine, Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region 024000, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, PR China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Xin
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Shao-Li Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Qiang Xin
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, PR China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulanqab General Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mongolian Medicine, Hugeji Street South, Industry and Agriculture Street West, Jining New District, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 012000, PR China
| | - Xi-He Zhang
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, PR China
- The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, PR China
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, PR China
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Wen S, Arakawa H, Tamai I. Uric acid in health and disease: From physiological functions to pathogenic mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108615. [PMID: 38382882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Owing to renal reabsorption and the loss of uricase activity, uric acid (UA) is strictly maintained at a higher physiological level in humans than in other mammals, which provides a survival advantage during evolution but increases susceptibility to certain diseases such as gout. Although monosodium urate (MSU) crystal precipitation has been detected in different tissues of patients as a trigger for disease, the pathological role of soluble UA remains controversial due to the lack of causality in the clinical setting. Abnormal elevation or reduction of UA levels has been linked to some of pathological status, also known as U-shaped association, implying that the physiological levels of UA regulated by multiple enzymes and transporters are crucial for the maintenance of health. In addition, the protective potential of UA has also been proposed in aging and some diseases. Therefore, the role of UA as a double-edged sword in humans is determined by its physiological or non-physiological levels. In this review, we summarize biosynthesis, membrane transport, and physiological functions of UA. Then, we discuss the pathological involvement of hyperuricemia and hypouricemia as well as the underlying mechanisms by which UA at abnormal levels regulates the onset and progression of diseases. Finally, pharmacological strategies for urate-lowering therapy (ULT) are introduced, and current challenges in UA study and future perspectives are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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Qi X, Ma Y, Guan K, Zhao L, Ma Y, Wang R. Whey Protein Peptide Pro-Glu-Trp Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Enhancing Intestinal Uric Acid Excretion, Modulating the Gut Microbiota, and Protecting the Intestinal Barrier in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2573-2584. [PMID: 38240209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in the concentrations of uric acid (UA) in the bloodstream, intricately linked to the onset and progression of numerous chronic diseases. The tripeptide Pro-Glu-Trp (PEW) was identified as a xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory peptide derived from whey protein, which was previously shown to mitigate HUA by suppressing UA synthesis and enhancing renal UA excretion. However, the effects of PEW on the intestinal UA excretion pathway remain unclear. This study investigated the impact of PEW on alleviating HUA in rats from the perspective of intestinal UA transport, gut microbiota, and intestinal barrier. The results indicated that PEW inhibited the XOD activity in the serum, jejunum, and ileum, ameliorated intestinal morphology changes and oxidative stress, and upregulated the expression of ABCG2 and GLUT9 in the small intestine. PEW reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis by decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, and Desulfovibrio) and increasing the abundance of beneficial microbes (e.g., Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus) and elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids. PEW upregulated the expression of occludin and ZO-1 and decreased serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. Our findings suggested that PEW supplementation ameliorated HUA by enhancing intestinal UA excretion, modulating the gut microbiota, and restoring the intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yanfeng Ma
- Mengniu Hi-tech Dairy (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 101107, China
| | - Kaifang Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Le Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
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Zhang Y, Sun J, Wasserman HD, Adams JA, Higgins CB, Kelly SC, Lantier L, DeBosch BJ. A Structure-function Analysis of Hepatocyte Arginase 2 Reveals Mitochondrial Ureahydrolysis as a Determinant of Glucose Oxidation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:801-820. [PMID: 38280549 PMCID: PMC10966292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Restoring hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity is critical to prevent or reverse metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Glucose homeostasis comprises in part the complex regulation of hepatic glucose production and insulin-mediated glucose uptake and oxidation in peripheral tissues. We previously identified hepatocyte arginase 2 (Arg2) as an inducible ureahydrolase that improves glucose homeostasis and enhances glucose oxidation in multiple obese, insulin-resistant models. We therefore examined structure-function determinants through which hepatocyte Arg2 governs systemic insulin action and glucose oxidation. METHODS To do this, we generated mice expressing wild-type murine Arg2, enzymatically inactive Arg2 (Arg2H160F) and Arg2 lacking its putative mitochondrial targeting sequence (Arg2Δ1-22). We expressed these hepatocyte-specific constructs in obese, diabetic (db/db) mice and performed genetic complementation analyses in hepatocyte-specific Arg2-deficent (Arg2LKO) mice. RESULTS We show that Arg2 attenuates hepatic steatosis, independent of mitochondrial localization or ureahydrolase activity, and that enzymatic arginase activity is dispensable for Arg2 to augment total body energy expenditure. In contrast, mitochondrial localization and ureahydrolase activity were required for Arg2-mediated reductions in fasting glucose and insulin resistance indices. Mechanistically, Arg2Δ1-22 and Arg2H160F failed to suppress glucose appearance during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamping. Quantification of heavy-isotope-labeled glucose oxidation further revealed that mistargeting or ablating Arg2 enzymatic function abrogates Arg2-induced peripheral glucose oxidation. CONCLUSION We conclude that the metabolic effects of Arg2 extend beyond its enzymatic activity, yet hepatocyte mitochondrial ureahydrolysis drives hepatic and peripheral oxidative metabolism. The data define a structure-based mechanism mediating hepatocyte Arg2 function and nominate hepatocyte mitochondrial ureahydrolysis as a key determinant of glucose oxidative capacity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jiameng Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Henry D Wasserman
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joshua A Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cassandra B Higgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shannon C Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Louise Lantier
- Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brian J DeBosch
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Packer M. Hyperuricemia and Gout Reduction by SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetes and Heart Failure: JACC Review Topic of the Week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:371-381. [PMID: 38199714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Gout is characterized by increased production of purines (through the pentose phosphate pathway), which is coupled with reduced renal or intestinal excretion of urate. Concurrent upregulation of nutrient surplus signaling (mammalian target of rapamycin and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a) and downregulation of nutrient deprivation signaling (sirtuin-1 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) redirects glucose toward anabolic pathways (rather than adenosine triphosphate production), thus promoting heightened oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte and proximal tubular dysfunction, leading to cardiomyopathy and kidney disease. Hyperuricemia is a marker (rather than a driver) of these cellular stresses. By inducing a state of starvation mimicry in a state of nutrient surplus, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors decrease flux through the pentose phosphate pathway (thereby attenuating purine and urate synthesis) while promoting renal urate excretion. These convergent actions exert a meaningful effect to lower serum uric acid by ≈0.6 to 1.5 mg/dL and to reduce the risk of gout by 30% to 50% in large-scale clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
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11
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Tang Y, Du Y, Ye J, Deng L, Cui W. Intestine-Targeted Explosive Hydrogel Microsphere Promotes Uric Acid Excretion for Gout Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310492. [PMID: 37997010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid metabolism disorder triggers metabolic diseases, especially gout. However, increasing uric acid excretion remains a challenge. Here, an accelerative uric acid excretion pathway via an oral intestine-explosive hydrogel microsphere merely containing uricase and dopamine is reported. After oral administration, uricase is exposed and immobilized on intestinal mucosa along with an in situ dopamine polymerization via a cascade reaction triggered by the intestinal specific environment. By this means, trace amount of uricase is required to in situ up-regulate uric acid transporter proteins of intestinal epithelial cells, causing accelerated intestinal uric acid excretion. From in vitro data, the uric acid in fecal samples from gout patients could be significantly reduced by up to 37% by the mimic mucosa-immobilized uricase on the isolated porcine tissues. Both hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis in vivo mouse models confirm the uric acid excretion efficacy of intestine-explosive hydrogel microspheres. Fecal uric acid excretion is increased around 30% and blood uric acid is reduced more than 70%. In addition, 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that the microspheres optimized intestinal flora composition as well. In conclusion, a unique pathway via the intestine in situ regulation to realize an efficient uric acid intestinal excretion for gout therapy is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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Lin X, Zou X, Hu B, Sheng D, Zhu T, Yin M, Xia H, Hu H, Liu H. Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin decoction alleviates potassium oxonate and adenine induced-hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116022. [PMID: 38147734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin (BXFQY) decoction on hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN). Using an HN mouse model induced by oral gavage of potassium oxonate and adenine, we found that BXFQY significantly reduced plasma uric acid levels and improved renal function. Further study shows that BXFQY suppressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and decreased the mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory and fibrosis-associated factors in renal tissues of HN mice. Also, BXFQY prevented the damage to intestinal tissues of HN mice, indicative of suppressed colonic inflammation and increased gut barrier integrity. By 16 S rDNA sequencing, BXFQY significantly improved gut microbiota dysbiosis of HN mice. On the one hand, BXFQY down-regulated the abundance of some harmful bacteria, like Desulfovibrionaceae, Enterobacter, Helicobacter, and Desulfovibrio. On the other hand, BXFQY up-regulated the contents of several beneficial microbes, such as Ruminococcaceae, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Streptococcus. Using gas or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/LC-MS) analysis, BXFQY reversed the changes in intestinal bacterial metabolites of HN mice, including indole and BAs. The depletion of intestinal flora from HN or HN plus BXFQY mice confirmed the significance of gut microbiota in BXFQY-initiated treatment of HN. In conclusion, BXFQY can alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis of HN mice by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites. This study provides new insight into the underlying mechanism of BXFQY against HN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghao Lin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Avenue 88, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Zou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Baifei Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Dongyun Sheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of China Resources WISCO, Metallurgy Avenue 29, Wuhan 430080, PR China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Haiming Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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Xu G, Wu L, Yang H, Liu T, Tong Y, Wan J, Han B, Zhou L, Hu X. Eupatilin inhibits xanthine oxidase in vitro and attenuates hyperuricemia and renal injury in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 183:114307. [PMID: 38052408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is the final metabolite of purines in the liver that can cause hyperuricemia at high levels. The kidneys are the main excretory organs for UA. The excessive accumulation of UA in the kidneys causes the development of hyperuricemia that often leads to renal injury. Eupatilin (Eup) is a flavonoid natural product that possesses various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. We were interested in exploring the potential role of Eup in lowering UA and nephroprotective. We initially investigated the effects of Eup on xanthin oxidase (XOD) activity in vitro, followed by investigating its ability to lower UA levels, anti-inflammatory effects, nephroprotective effects, and the underlying mechanisms using hyperuricemia rats sustained at high UA level. The results showed that Eup had an inhibitory effect on XOD activity in vitro and significantly reduced serum UA, creatinine, BUN, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in hyperuricemic rats, ameliorating inflammation, renal oxidative stress and pathological injury. Furthermore, Eup inhibited ADA and XOD enzyme activities in the liver and serum and modulated GLUT9, URAT1 and ABCG2 protein expression in the kidneys and ileum. Our findings provide a scientific basis for suggesting Eup as an option for a potential treatment for hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guitao Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lele Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hongxuan Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ying Tong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiliang Wan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xuguang Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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14
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Perticone M, Maio R, Shehaj E, Gigliotti S, Caroleo B, Suraci E, Sciacqua A, Andreozzi F, Perticone F. Sex-related differences for uric acid in the prediction of cardiovascular events in essential hypertension. A population prospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:298. [PMID: 37915077 PMCID: PMC10621159 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) is an independent prognostic factor for cardiovascular events, but there are no data demonstrating a different risk profile between women and men. Thus, we tested whether UA is associated with a possible sex-related difference in fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. METHODS In this prospective population-based study we enrolled 1,650 never-treated Caucasian hypertensive outpatients referred to Catanzaro University Hospital (Italy). Inclusion criteria were newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, aged 20 years or more. Exclusion criteria were secondary form of hypertension, previous cardiovascular events, rheumatic and non-rheumatic valvular heart disease, prosthetic valves, cardiomyopathies, type-2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, malignant diseases, gout arthritis and secondary forms of hyperuricemia, liver diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, and heart failure. Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters were measured. UA prognostic role was investigated by Cox regression analyses. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses and area under the curve were used to determine the predictive validity and the optimal cut-off point of UA. We investigated following endpoints: coronary events (fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, coronary revascularization procedures, coronary death); fatal and nonfatal stroke; all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). RESULTS We enrolled 830 males and 820 females aged 52.2 ± 11.3 years. During 9.5 ± 3.1 years follow-up, there were 424 new clinical events (2.71%): 250 coronary (1.59%), 118 (0.75%) cerebrovascular, and 56 (0.40%) deaths. Comparison between groups demonstrated a higher and significant difference in incidence rate in females for MACE (3.08 vs 2.33%, P = 0.001), coronary (1.82 vs 1.36%, P = 0.014) and cerebrovascular events (0.93 vs 0.57%, P = 0.006). UA at multiple Cox regression analysis resulted a strong and significant predictor of coronary events (HR = 1.493;95% CI 1.375-1.621), cerebrovascular events (HR = 1.256;95% CI 1.109-1.423), MACE (HR = 1.415;95% CI 1.328- 53 1.508), and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.469;95% CI 1.237-1.745) in the whole population and in both groups with a HR higher in females. The best estimated cut-off values of uric acid for males and females predicted these endpoints equally well, but it was always lower in females than males. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate, that UA operates with a sex-related impact and best cut-off value in predicting cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality, reflecting a possible sex difference in disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaele Maio
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria R. Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ermal Shehaj
- Cardiology and CICU Unit, Giovanni Paolo II Hospital, Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simona Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Benedetto Caroleo
- Internal Medicine Unit, Basso Ionio Hospital, Soverato, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Edoardo Suraci
- Internal Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria R. Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Ueda M, Fukui K, Kamatani N, Kamitsuji S, Matsuo A, Sasase T, Nishiu J, Matsushita M. GLUT9 as a potential drug target for chronic kidney disease: Drug target validation by a Mendelian randomization study. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:699-704. [PMID: 37308567 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a major public health concern, effective treatment strategies have yet to be developed. Identification and validation of drug targets are key issues in the development of therapeutic agents for CKD. Uric acid (UA), a major risk factor for gout, has also been suggested to be a risk factor for CKD, but the efficacy of existing urate-lowering therapies for CKD is controversial. We focused on five uric acid transporters (ABCG2, SLC17A1, SLC22A11, SLC22A12, SLC2A9) as potential drug targets and evaluated the causal association between serum UA levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using single-SNP Mendelian Randomization. The results showed a causal association between genetically predicted changes in serum UA levels and eGFR when genetic variants were selected from the SLC2A9 locus. Estimation based on a loss-of-function mutation (rs16890979) showed that the changes in eGFR per unit increase in serum UA level was -0.0082 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI -0.014 to -0.0025, P = 0.0051). These results indicate that SLC2A9 may be a novel drug target for CKD that preserves renal function through its urate-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ueda
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kenji Fukui
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Akira Matsuo
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sasase
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Nishiu
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Osaka, Japan
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Xiao Y, Miao Z, Sun J, Xing W, Wei Y, Bai J, Ye H, Si Y, Cai L. Allisartan Isoproxil Promotes Uric Acid Excretion by Interacting with Intestinal Urate Transporters in Hyperuricemic Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:638-643. [PMID: 37853267 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05917-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the urate-lowering effect and potential drug targets of antihypertensive agent allisartan isoproxil (ALI) and its bioactive metabolite EXP3174, we developed an acute hyperuricemic zebrafish model using potassium oxonate and xanthine sodium salt. Losartan potassium served as the positive control (reference drug). In this model, ALI and losartan potassium exerted a greater urate-lowering effect than EXP3174 indicating that the latter is not the critical substance for elimination of uric acid. The quantitative real-time PCR showed that ALI upregulates the expression of intestinal urate transporters genes ABCG2, PDZK1, and SLC2A9 (p<0.01). Thus, we can suggest that this substance promotes uric acid excretion mainly by interacting with intestinal urate transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiao
- Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Z Miao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J Sun
- Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - W Xing
- Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J Bai
- Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - H Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Si
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - L Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Yuan Z, Liu H, Zhou R, Gu S, Wu K, Huang Z, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Chen H, Wu X. Association of serum uric acid and fasting plasma glucose with cognitive function: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:271. [PMID: 37142950 PMCID: PMC10161633 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined effect of serum uric acid (SUA) and blood glucose on cognition has not been explored. This study aimed to examine the separate and combined association of SUA and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or diabetes mellitus (DM) with cognition in a sample of Chinese middle-aged and elderly population. METHODS A total of 6,509 participants aged 45 years or older who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011) were included. The three cognitive domains assessed were episodic memory, mental status, and global cognition (the sum of the first two terms). Higher scores indicated better cognition. SUA and FPG were measured. The participants were grouped based on SUA and FPG quartiles to evaluate their combined associations of cognition with SUA Q1-Q3 only (Low SUA), with FPG Q4 only (High FPG), without low SUA and high FPG levels (Non), and with low SUA and high FPG levels (Both), multivariate linear regression models were used to analyze their association. RESULTS Lower SUA quartiles were associated with poorer performance in global cognition and episodic memory compared with the highest quartile. Although no association was found between FPG or DM and cognition, high FPG or DM combined with low SUA levels in women (βFPG = -0.983, 95% CI: -1.563--0.402; βDM = -0.800, 95% CI: -1.369--0.232) had poorer cognition than those with low SUA level only (βFPG = -0.469, 95% CI: -0.926--0.013; βDM = -0.667, 95% CI: -1.060--0.275). CONCLUSION Maintaining an appropriate level of SUA may be important to prevent cognitive impairment in women with high FPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyuan Gu
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Psychiatric Rehabilitation Hospital, No.2 Helong Five Road, Guangzhou, 510445, Guangdong, China
| | - Keyi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Tian X, Chen S, Wang P, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wu S, Luo Y, Wang A. Temporal relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension and its impact on future risk of cardiovascular disease. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 111:82-89. [PMID: 36890009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hyperuricemia and hypertension are significantly correlated, their temporal relationship and whether this relationship is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are largely unknown. This study aimed to examine temporal relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension, and its association with future risk of CVD. METHODS This study included 60,285 participants from the Kailuan study. Measurement of serum uric acid (SUA), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were obtained twice at 2006 (baseline) and 2010. Cross-lagged and mediation analysis were used to examine the temporal relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension, and the association of this temporal relationship with CVD events risk after 2010. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, the cross-lagged path coefficients (β1) from baseline SUA to follow-up SBP and DBP were significantly greatly than path coefficients (β2) from baseline SBP and DBP to follow-up SUA (β1=0.041 versus β2=0.003; Pdifference<0.0001 for SBP; β1=0.040 versus β2=0.000; Pdifference<0.0001 for DBP). The path coefficients from baseline SUA to follow-up SBP and DBP in group with incident CVD were significantly greatly than that in group without incident CVD (Pdifference of β1 in the two groups was 0.0018 for SBP and 0.0340 for DBP). Furthermore, SBP and DBP partially mediated the effect of SUA on incident CVD, the mediation effect was 57.64% for SBP and 46.27% for DBP. Similar mediated results were observed for stroke and myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION Increased SUA levels probably precede elevated BP, and BP partially mediates the pathway from SUA to incident CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Penglian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
| | - Yanxia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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20
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Cachau R, Shahsavari S, Cho SK. The in-silico evaluation of important GLUT9 residue for uric acid transport based on renal hypouricemia type 2. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110378. [PMID: 36736875 PMCID: PMC10596759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Uric acid transporters in the renal proximal tubule plays a key role in uric acid transport. Functional abnormalities in these transporters could lead to high or low levels of uric acid in the blood plasma, known as hyperuricemia and hypouricemia, respectively. GLUT9 has been reported as a key transporter for uric acid reuptake in renal proximal tubule. GLUT9 mutation is known as causal gene for renal hypouricemia due to defective uric acid uptake, with more severe cases resulting in urolithiasis and exercise induced acute kidney injury (EIAKI). However, the effect of mutation is not fully investigated and hard to predict the change of binding affinity. We comprehensively described the effect of GLUT9 mutation for uric acid transport using molecular dynamics and investigated the specific site for uric acid binding differences. R171C and R380W showed the significant disruption of the structure not affecting transport dynamics whereas L75R, G216R, N333S, and P412R showed the reduced affinity of the extracellular vestibular area towards urate. Interestingly, T125 M showed a significant increase in intracellular binding energy, associated with distorted geometries. We can use this classification to consider the effect mutations by comparing the transport profiles of mutants against those of chemical candidates for transport and providing new perspectives to urate lowering drug discovery using GLUT9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Cachau
- Integrated Data Science Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Sung Kweon Cho
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Department of Pharmacology Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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21
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Mandal AK, Leask MP, Sumpter NA, Choi HK, Merriman TR, Mount DB. Genetic and Physiological Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) on Human Urate Homeostasis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:451-466. [PMID: 36735516 PMCID: PMC10103387 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hyperinsulinemia induces hyperuricemia by activating net renal urate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. The basolateral reabsorptive urate transporter GLUT9a appears to be the dominant target for insulin. By contrast, IGF-1 infusion reduces serum urate (SU), through mechanisms unknown. Genetic variants of IGF1R associated with reduced SU have increased IGF-1R expression and interact with genes encoding the GLUT9 and ABCG2 urate transporters, in a sex-specific fashion, which controls the SU level. Activation of IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling in Xenopus oocytes modestly activates GLUT9a and inhibits insulin's stimulatory effect on the transporter, which also activates multiple secretory urate transporters-ABCG2, ABCC4, OAT1, and OAT3. The results collectively suggest that IGF-1 reduces SU by activating secretory urate transporters and inhibiting insulin's action on GLUT9a. BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome and hyperinsulinemia are associated with hyperuricemia. Insulin infusion in healthy volunteers elevates serum urate (SU) by activating net urate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule, whereas IGF-1 infusion reduces SU by mechanisms unknown. Variation within the IGF1R gene also affects SU levels. METHODS Colocalization analyses of a SU genome-wide association studies signal at IGF1R and expression quantitative trait loci signals in cis using COLOC2, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and urate transport assays in transfected HEK 293T cells and in Xenopus laevis oocytes. RESULTS Genetic association at IGF1R with SU is stronger in women and is mediated by control of IGF1R expression. Inheritance of the urate-lowering homozygous genotype at the SLC2A9 locus is associated with a differential effect of IGF1R genotype between men and women. IGF-1, through IGF-1R, stimulated urate uptake in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells and transfected HEK 293T cells, through activation of IRS1, PI3/Akt, MEK/ERK, and p38 MAPK; urate uptake was inhibited in the presence of uricosuric drugs, specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinase, PI3 kinase (PI3K), ERK, and p38 MAPK. In X. laevis oocytes expressing ten individual urate transporters, IGF-1 through endogenous IGF-1R stimulated urate transport mediated by GLUT9, OAT1, OAT3, ABCG2, and ABCC4 and inhibited insulin's stimulatory action on GLUT9a and OAT3. IGF-1 significantly activated Akt and ERK. Specific inhibitors of PI3K, ERK, and PKC significantly affected IGF-1 stimulation of urate transport in oocytes. CONCLUSIONS The combined results of infusion, genetics, and transport experiments suggest that IGF-1 reduces SU by activating urate secretory transporters and inhibiting insulin's action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim K. Mandal
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan P. Leask
- Biochemistry Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nicholas A. Sumpter
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hyon K. Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tony R. Merriman
- Biochemistry Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David B. Mount
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Renal Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Johnson RJ. Intestinal Hyperuricemia as a Driving Mechanism for CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2023; 81:127-130. [PMID: 36167757 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado; and Rocky Mountain VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado.
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23
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Yang B, Xin M, Liang S, Huang Y, Li J, Wang C, Liu C, Song X, Sun J, Sun W. Naringenin Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Regulating Renal Uric Acid Excretion via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Renal Inflammation through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1434-1446. [PMID: 36525382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia characterized by high serum levels of uric acid (UA, >6.8 mg/dL) is regarded as a common chronic metabolic disease. When used as a food supplement, naringenin might have various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, free-radical-scavenging, and inflammation-suppressing activities. However, the effects of naringenin on hyperuricemia and renal inflammation and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we comprehensively examined the effects of naringenin on hyperuricemia and the attenuation of renal impairment. Mice were injected with 250 mg/kg of potassium oxonate (PO) and given 5% fructose water to induce hyperuricemia. The pharmacological effects of naringenin (10 and 50 mg/kg) and benzbromarone (positive control group, 20 mg/kg) on hyperuricemic mice were evaluated in vivo. The disordered expression of urate transporters in HK-2 cells was stimulated by 8 mg/dL UA, which was used to determine the mechanisms underlying the effects of naringenin in vitro. Naringenin markedly reduced the serum UA level in a dose-dependent manner and improved renal dysfunction. Moreover, the increased elimination of UA in urine showed that the effects of naringenin were associated with the regulation of renal excretion. Further examination indicated that naringenin reduced the expression of GLUT9 by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and reinforced the expression of ABCG2 by increasing the abundance of PDZK1 in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, sirius red staining and western blotting indicated that naringenin plays a protective role in renal injury by suppressing increases in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, which contribute to the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Naringenin supplementation might be a potential therapeutic strategy to ameliorate hyperuricemia by promoting UA excretion in the kidney and attenuating the inflammatory response by decreasing the release of inflammatory cytokines. This study shows that naringenin could be used as a functional food or dietary supplement for hyperuricemia prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendong Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Xin
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufei Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingda Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Song
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Qingyujiangxing Biotechnology Company, Limited, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Management, Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, Shandong 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Qingyujiangxing Biotechnology Company, Limited, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
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Effects of a Macroporous Resin Extract of Dendrobium officinale Leaves in Rats with Hyperuricemia Induced by Anthropomorphic Unhealthy Lifestyle. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9990843. [PMID: 36644440 PMCID: PMC9839412 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9990843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aim Hyperuricemia (HUA) has received increased attention in the last few decades due to its global prevalence. Our previous study found that administration of a macroporous resin extract of Dendrobium officinale leaves (DoMRE) to rats with HUA that was induced by exposure to potassium oxazine combined with fructose and a high-purine diet led to a significant reduction in serum uric acid (SUA) levels. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of DoMRE on hyperuricemia induced by anthropomorphic unhealthy lifestyle and to elucidate its possible mechanisms of action. Methods Dosages (5.0 and 10.0 g/kg/day) of DoMRE were administered to rats daily after induction of HUA by anthropomorphic unhealthy lifestyle for 12 weeks. The levels of UA in the serum, urine, and feces; the levels of creatinine (Cr) in the serum and urine; and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum were all measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the serum, liver, and intestine tissue supernatant were measured using appropriate kits for each biological target. The expressions levels of UA transporters (ABCG2 and GLUT9), tight junction (TJ) proteins (ZO-1 and occludin), and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) in the intestine were assayed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess histological changes in the renal and intestinal tissues. Results DoMRE treatment significantly reduced SUA levels and concomitantly increased fecal UA (FUA) levels and the fractional excretion of UA (FEUA) in HUA rats. Furthermore, DoMRE significantly reduced both the XOD activity in the serum, liver, and intestine and the ADA activity in the liver and intestine. DoMRE also effectively regulated the expression of GLUT9 and ABCG2 in the intestine, and it significantly upregulated the expression of the intestinal TJ proteins ZO-1 and occludin. Therefore, DoMRE reduced the damage to the intestinal barrier function caused by the increased production of inflammatory factors due to HUA to ensure normal intestinal UA excretion. Conclusion DoMRE demonstrated anti-HUA effects in the HUA rat model induced by an anthropomorphic unhealthy lifestyle, and the molecular mechanism appeared to involve the regulation of urate transport-related transporters (ABCG2 and GLUT9) in the intestine, protection of the intestinal barrier function to promote UA excretion, and inhibition of XOD and ADA activity in the liver and intestine to inhibit UA production in the HUA-induced rats.
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Johnson RJ, Sanchez Lozada LG, Lanaspa MA, Piani F, Borghi C. Uric Acid and Chronic Kidney Disease: Still More to Do. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 8:229-239. [PMID: 36815099 PMCID: PMC9939362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout and hyperuricemia are present in 25% and 60% of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), respectively. Despite the common association, the role of uric acid in the progression of kidney disease and in metabolic complications remains contested. Some authorities argue that the treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in CKD is not indicated, and some have even suggested hyperuricemia may be beneficial. Here, we review the various arguments both for and against treatment. The weight of the evidence suggests asymptomatic hyperuricemia is likely injurious, but it may primarily relate to subgroups, those who have systemic crystal deposits, those with frequent urinary crystalluria or kidney stones, and those with high intracellular uric acid levels. We recommend carefully designed clinical trials to test if lowering uric acid in hyperuricemic subjects with cardiometabolic complications is protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Correspondence: Richard J. Johnson, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19th Avenue, RC-2 Research Building, Room 7012, Mail Stop C281, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
| | - Laura G. Sanchez Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chavez,” , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Lanaspa
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Federica Piani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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26
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Liu L, Shao Y, Li X, Sun J, Xing D. Individual and combined relationship of serum uric acid and alanine aminotransferase on metabolic syndrome in adults in Qingdao, China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2822-2829. [PMID: 36180297 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Associations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum uric acid (SUA) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain controversial. We aimed to explore individual and combined effects of ALT and SUA on MetS in community residents. METHODS AND RESULTS A population-based cross-sectional survey involving randomly selected Chinese adults aged 35-74 years was conducted in 2009 in Qingdao, China, and 4642 participants were included in the current study. Based on a combination of SUA and ALT levels in the tertile, subjects were grouped into Group 1-9. The individual and combined relations of SUA and ALT to MetS were analyzed by logistic regression models. The prevalence of MetS was 28.50% in males and 22.30% in females. ALT and SUA were independently associated with MetS and ORs (95% CIs) were 1.55 (1.42-1.70) and 1.92 (1.72-2.14), respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. With the elevation of ALT and SUA levels, the risk of developing MetS increased. Compared to Group 1, ORs (95% CIs) of combined ALT and SUA for MetS were 2.21 (1.70-2.88), 4.02 (3.10-5.21), 2.19 (1.62-2.97), 2.53 (1.91-3.34), 4.69 (3.60-6.12), 1.76 (1.17-2.64), 3.65 (2.63-5.06) and 7.15 (5.41-9.46) in Group 2-9, respectively. CONCLUSIONS ALT and SUA were both related to MetS independently. Combined elevation of ALT and SUA levels could increase the risk of MetS and its components than an elevation in SUA and ALT alone. Therefore, measures should be taken to lower SUA and ALT levels to reduce the risk of having MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266033, China
| | - Yuhan Shao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266033, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266033, China
| | - Jianping Sun
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266033, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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27
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver secretome. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:938-963. [PMCID: PMC9703441 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Yang B, Xin M, Liang S, Xu X, Cai T, Dong L, Wang C, Wang M, Cui Y, Song X, Sun J, Sun W. New insight into the management of renal excretion and hyperuricemia: Potential therapeutic strategies with natural bioactive compounds. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1026246. [PMID: 36483739 PMCID: PMC9723165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1026246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is the result of increased production and/or underexcretion of uric acid. Hyperuricemia has been epidemiologically associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, gout with long-term systemic inflammation, chronic kidney disease, urolithiasis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia, diabetes/insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress. Dysregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOD), the enzyme that catalyzes uric acid biosynthesis primarily in the liver, and urate transporters that reabsorb urate in the renal proximal tubules (URAT1, GLUT9, OAT4 and OAT10) and secrete urate (ABCG2, OAT1, OAT3, NPT1, and NPT4) in the renal tubules and intestine, is a major cause of hyperuricemia, along with variations in the genes encoding these proteins. The first-line therapeutic drugs used to lower serum uric acid levels include XOD inhibitors that limit uric acid biosynthesis and uricosurics that decrease urate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules and increase urate excretion into the urine and intestine via urate transporters. However, long-term use of high doses of these drugs induces acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease and liver toxicity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new nephroprotective drugs with improved safety profiles and tolerance. The current systematic review summarizes the characteristics of major urate transporters, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia, and the regulation of uric acid biosynthesis and transport. Most importantly, this review highlights the potential mechanisms of action of some naturally occurring bioactive compounds with antihyperuricemic and nephroprotective potential isolated from various medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendong Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- Shandong Qingyujiangxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zibo, China
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- Shandong Qingyujiangxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zibo, China
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29
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Zhu J, Li Y, Chen Z, Gao K, Lin G, Chen S, Li L, Ge H. Screening of lactic acid bacteria strains with urate-lowering effect from fermented dairy products. J Food Sci 2022; 87:5118-5127. [PMID: 36250495 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a well-known cause of gout and also a risk factor for various comorbidities. Current agents like xanthine oxidase inhibitors prevent hyperuricemia, but usually induce severe side effects. Alternative strategies, such as novel dietary supplementations, are necessary for the management of hyperuricemia. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used in human diet for a long time with a good safety record. In this study, 345 LAB strains isolated from traditional fermented dairy products were tested for assimilating abilities of guanosine. Two LAB strains, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 1155 (LR1155) and Limosilactobacillus fermentum 2644 (LF2644), showing great capacities of guanosine transformation and degradation were selected. Compared to LR1155, LF2644 showed a better effect with 100.00% transforming rate and 55.10% degrading rate. In an in vivo test, a hyperuricemic rat model was established and the results showed that administration of LR1155 (p < 0.01) or LF2644 (p < 0.01) prevented the rise of serum uric acid with more than 20% decrease when compared with the hyperuricemia rats. In addition, an increased fecal uric acid level was observed in LF2644 or LR1155 treated rats (LR1155-M p < 0.05, others p < 0.01). This study proved that LR1155 and LF2644 can be promising candidates of dietary supplements for prevention or improvement of hyperuricemia. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The LAB strains tested in this study could be considered as good potential probiotic candidates for dietary supplements because of their urate-lowering effects, which provide a novel antihyperuricemic strategy with advantages of safety and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zuoguo Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kan Gao
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Lin
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Su Chen
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Ge
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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30
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Johnson RJ, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Nakagawa T, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Tolan D, Gaucher EA, Andrews P, Lanaspa MA. Do thrifty genes exist? Revisiting uricase. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1917-1926. [PMID: 36150210 PMCID: PMC9512363 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sixty years ago, the geneticist James Neel proposed that the epidemics of obesity and diabetes today may have evolutionary roots. Specifically, he suggested that our ancestors may have accumulated mutations during periods of famine that provided a survival advantage at that time. However, the presence of this "thrifty genotype" in today's world, where food is plentiful, would predispose us to obesity and diabetes. The "thrifty gene" hypothesis, attractive to some, has been challenged over the years. The authors have previously postulated that the loss of the uricase gene, resulting in a rise in serum and intracellular uric acid levels, satisfies the criteria of a thrifty genotype mutation. This paper reviews and brings up-to-date the evidence supporting the hypothesis and discusses the current arguments that challenge this hypothesis. Although further studies are needed to test the hypothesis, the evidence supporting a loss of uricase as a thrifty gene is substantial and supports a role for evolutionary biology in the pathogenesis of the current obesity and diabetes epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | - Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico and INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dean Tolan
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston MA
| | - Eric A. Gaucher
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Peter Andrews
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Division of Nephrology, Oregon Health Sciences University
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31
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Li Y, Zhu J, Lin G, Gao K, Yu Y, Chen S, Chen L, Chen Z, Li L. Probiotic effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 1155 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum 2644 on hyperuricemic rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:993951. [PMID: 36245501 PMCID: PMC9562091 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.993951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is the main cause of gout and involved in the occurrence of multiple diseases, such as hypertension, metabolic disorders and chronic kidney disease. Emerging evidence suggests that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have shown the beneficial effects on the prevention or treatment of hyperuricemia. In this study, the urate-lowering effect of two LAB strains, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 1155 (LR1155) and Limosilactobacillus fermentum 2644 (LF2644) on hyperuricemic rats were investigated. A hyperuricemic rat model was induced by the intragastric treatment of potassium oxonate, combined with a high purine diet. The oral administration of LR1155, LF2644, or a combination of LR1155 and LF2644 for 4 weeks significantly prevented the rise of the serum uric acid (UA) induced by hyperuricemia. LR1155 and LF2644 significantly elevated the fecal UA levels, increased the UA content and up-regulated gene expression of UA transporter, ATP-binding cassette subfamily G-2 (ABCG2), in colon and jejunum tissues, suggesting the accelerated UA excretion from the intestine. Besides, LR1155 significantly inhibited the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in liver and serum, benefited the reduce of UA production. In addition, LF2644 strengthened the gut barrier functions through an up-regulation of the gene expressions for occluding and mucin2, accompanied with the reduced inflammatory indicators of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in hyperuricemic rat. Moreover, using 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing of feces, LR1155 was shown to improve the hyperuricemia induced gut microbial dysbiosis. The genera Roseburia, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, Oscillibacter, and Bifidobacterium may associate with the effect of LR1155 on microbiota in hyperuricemic rats. Collectively, the results indicated that LR1155 and LF2644 exhibit urate-lowering effects and could be used alone or in combination as a new adjuvant treatment for hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Zhu,
| | - Guodong Lin
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kan Gao
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Yu
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuoguo Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Research and Development, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Food and Biological Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Li J, Li J, Fan L. Recent Advances in Alleviating Hyperuricemia Through Dietary Sources: Bioactive Ingredients and Structure–activity Relationships. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Processing Technology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborat Innovat Ctr Food Safety & Qual Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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33
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Haueisen Sander Diniz MDF, M R Beleigoli A, Isabel Rodrigues Galvão A, Weiss Telles R, Inês Schmidt M, B Duncan B, M Benseñor I, Luiz P Ribeiro A, Vidigal PG, Maria Barreto S. Serum uric acid is a predictive biomarker of incident metabolic syndrome at the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult Health (ELSA - Brasil). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 191:110046. [PMID: 36028067 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether serum uric acid (SUA) levels and hyperuricemia can be predictive biomarkers of incident metabolic syndrome(MS) among different body mass index(BMI) categories, and to investigate SUA cutoffs that best discriminate individuals with incident MS. METHODS We analyzed 7,789 participants without MS at baseline of ELSA-Brasil study. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate associations between incident MS and SUA levels/hyperuricemia, expressed by odds ratios(ORs) and confidence intervals(95 % CI). RESULTS We found 1,646 incident MS cases after a median follow-up of 3.8[3.5-4.1] years. Incident MS was present among 8.3 % (n = 290) of participants with normal weight, 28.3 % (n = 850) with overweight, 39.8 % (n = 506) with obesity. Among incident MS participants of total sample, 33.0 % had hyperuricemia [SUA > 6.0 mg/dL (356.9 μmol/L)]. After all adjustments, SUA was independently prognostic of incident MS: for each 1 mg/dL increase in SUA the odds of incident MS were 45 % higher (OR1.45[CI95 %1.34-1.55 p <.01]). Associations were found for those presenting normal weight, overweight and obesity (OR1.43[CI95 %1.31-1.57 p <.01; OR1.22[CI95 %1.13-1.32 p <.01]; and OR1.16[CI95 %1.04-1.29 p <.05]) respectively. Hyperuricemia was independently associated with incident MS (OR1.88[CI95 %1.49-0.2.36 p <.01]). The SUA cut point level maximizing sensitivity and specificity in the discrimination of incident MS was 5.0 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS SUA level is an independent predictive biomarker of incident MS at all BMI categories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rosa Weiss Telles
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Schmidt
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruce B Duncan
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Luiz P Ribeiro
- Telehealth Center and Cardiology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, and Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pedro G Vidigal
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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34
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, Huang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Tang J. Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935723. [PMID: 36034697 PMCID: PMC9399429 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout continuously increases and has become a major public health problem. The gut microbiota, which colonizes the human intestine, has a mutually beneficial and symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a vital role in the host’s metabolism and immune regulation. Structural changes or imbalance in the gut microbiota could cause metabolic disorders and participate in the synthesis of purine-metabolizing enzymes and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of the metabolic immune disease HUA and gout. The gut microbiota as an entry point to explore the pathogenesis of HUA and gout has become a new research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with HUA and gout. Meanwhile, the influence of different dietary structures on the gut microbiota, the effect of the gut microbiota on purine and uric acid metabolism, and the internal relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia/inflammatory factors are explored. Moreover, the intervention effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation on HUA and gout are also systematically reviewed to provide a gut flora solution for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
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35
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Zhang N, Zhou J, Zhao L, Wang O, Zhang L, Zhou F. Dietary Ferulic Acid Ameliorates Metabolism Syndrome-Associated Hyperuricemia in Rats via Regulating Uric Acid Synthesis, Glycolipid Metabolism, and Hepatic Injury. Front Nutr 2022; 9:946556. [PMID: 35845766 PMCID: PMC9280472 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid is a well-known phenolic acid compound and possesses multiple health-promoting and pharmacological effects. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperuricemia (HUA) have become health problems worldwide and are closely connected. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of ferulic acid on MetS-related HUA and its underlying mechanisms. Rats were administered high-fructose and high-fat diet (HFFD) with or without ferulic acid (0.05 and 0.1%) for 20 weeks. Intake of HFFD resulted in obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, which were alleviated by ferulic acid consumption. Treatment of rats with ferulic acid diminished the levels of lipids and inflammatory cytokines and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver caused by HFFD. Additionally, administration of ferulic acid blocked a HFFD-induced elevation in activities and mRNA expression of enzymes involving in uric acid (UA) synthesis. Molecular docking analysis denoted that ferulic acid bound to the active center of these enzymes, indicative of the potential interaction with each other. These two aspects might partially be responsible for the decrement in serum UA content after ferulic acid ingestion. In conclusion, ferulic acid supplementation ameliorated lipid and glucose metabolic abnormalities, hepatic damage, and UA formation in MetS rats. There was a dose correlation between lipid deposition and UA synthesis-related indicators. These findings implied that ferulic acid could be applied as a promising dietary remedy for the management of MetS-associated HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhou,
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36
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Fang XY, Qi LW, Chen HF, Gao P, Zhang Q, Leng RX, Fan YG, Li BZ, Pan HF, Ye DQ. The Interaction Between Dietary Fructose and Gut Microbiota in Hyperuricemia and Gout. Front Nutr 2022; 9:890730. [PMID: 35811965 PMCID: PMC9257186 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.890730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the worldwide epidemics of hyperuricemia and associated gout, the diseases with purine metabolic disorders have become a serious threat to human public health. Accumulating evidence has shown that they have been linked to increased consumption of fructose in humans, we hereby made a timely review on the roles of fructose intake and the gut microbiota in regulating purine metabolism, together with the potential mechanisms by which excessive fructose intake contributes to hyperuricemia and gout. To this end, we focus on the understanding of the interaction between a fructose-rich diet and the gut microbiota in hyperuricemia and gout to seek for safe, cheap, and side-effect-free clinical interventions. Furthermore, fructose intake recommendations for hyperuricemia and gout patients, as well as the variety of probiotics and prebiotics with uric acid-lowering effects targeting the intestinal tract are also summarized to provide reference and guidance for the further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-yu Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Liang-wei Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-feng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Rui-xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Yin-guang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-zhu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Dong-qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Dong-qing Ye
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Yin H, Liu N, Chen J. The Role of the Intestine in the Development of Hyperuricemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:845684. [PMID: 35281005 PMCID: PMC8907525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.845684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposition of sodium urate crystals in the joints. Hyperuricemia is the fundamental factor of gout. The onset of hyperuricemia is related to purine metabolism disorders or uric acid excretion disorders. Current studies have shown that the intestine is an important potential organ for the excretion of uric acid outside the kidneys. The excretion of uric acid of gut is mainly achieved through the action of uric acid transporters and the catabolism of intestinal flora, which plays an important role in the body’s uric acid balance. Here we reviewed the effects of intestinal uric acid transporters and intestinal flora on uric acid excretion, and provide new ideas for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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38
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Cai JR, Chen XW, He YJ, Wu B, Zhang M, Wu LH. Washed microbiota transplantation reduces serum uric acid levels in patients with hyperuricaemia. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:3401-3413. [PMID: 35611199 PMCID: PMC9048544 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i11.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found that hyperuricaemia (HUA) is closely related to intestinal flora imbalance.
AIM The current study investigated the effects and safety of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) on serum uric acid (SUA) levels in different populations.
METHODS A total of 144 patients who received WMT from July 2016 to April 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and had SUA data before treatment were selected. Changes in SUA levels before and after treatment were retrospectively reviewed based on short-term and mid-term effects of WMT regimens. SUA levels measured in the last test within 3 mo after the first WMT represented the short-term effect, and SUA levels measured in the last test within 3-6 mo after the first WMT represented the mid-term effect. The patients were divided into an HUA group (SUA > 416 μM) and a normal uric acid (NUA) group (SUA ≥ 202 μM to ≤ 416 μM) based on pretreatment SUA levels.
RESULTS Average short-term SUA levels in the HUA group decreased after WMT (481.00 ± 99.85 vs 546.81 ± 109.64 μM, n = 32, P < 0.05) in 25/32 patients and returned to normal in 10/32 patients. The short-term level of SUA reduction after treatment moderately correlated with SUA levels before treatment (r = 0.549, R² = 0.300, P < 0.05). Average SUA levels decreased after the first and second courses of WMT (469.74 ± 97.68 vs 540.00 ± 107.16 μM, n = 35, and 465.57 ± 88.88 vs 513.19 ± 78.14 μM, n = 21, P < 0.05). Short-term and mid-term SUA levels after WMT and SUA levels after the first, second and third courses of WMT were similar to the levels before WMT in the NUA group (P > 0.05). Only 1/144 patients developed mild diarrhea after WMT.
CONCLUSION WMT reduces short-term SUA levels in patients with HUA with mild side effects but has no obvious effect on SUA levels in patients with NUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Rong Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Wen Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Jian He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
- Research Center, Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
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39
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Ho LJ, Lu CH, Su RY, Lin FH, Su SC, Kuo FC, Chu NF, Hung YJ, Liu JS, Hsieh CH. Association between glucokinase regulator gene polymorphisms and serum uric acid levels in Taiwanese adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5519. [PMID: 35365700 PMCID: PMC8975867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucokinase regulator gene (GCKR) is located on chromosome 2p23. It plays a crucial role in maintaining plasma glucose homeostasis and metabolic traits. Recently, genome-wide association studies have revealed a positive association between hyperuricemia and GCKR variants in adults. This study investigated this genetic association in Taiwanese adolescents. Data were collected from our previous cross-sectional study (Taipei Children Heart Study). The frequencies of various genotypes (CC, CT, and TT) or alleles (C and T) of the GCKR intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs780094 and the coding SNP rs1260326 (Pro446Leu, a common 1403C-T transition) were compared between a total of 968 Taiwanese adolescents (473 boys, 495 girls) with hyperuricemia or normal uric acid levels on the basis of gender differences. Logistic and linear regression analyses explored the role of GCKR in abnormal uric acid (UA) levels. Boys had higher UA levels than girls (6.68 ± 1.29 and 5.23 ± 0.95 mg/dl, respectively, p < 0.001). The analysis of both SNPs in girls revealed that the T allele was more likely to appear in patients with hyperuricemia than the C allele. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratio (OR) for hyperuricemia incidence in the TT genotype was 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–3.00), which was higher than that in the C allele carriers in rs1260326 in the girl population. Similarly, the TT genotypes had a higher risk of hyperuricemia, with an OR of 2.29 (95% CI 1.11–4.73) for rs1260326 and 2.28 (95% CI 1.09–4.75) for rs780094, than the CC genotype in girl adolescents. The T (Leu446) allele of GCKR rs1260326 polymorphism is associated with higher UA levels in Taiwanese adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ju Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chieh-Hua Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ruei-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Chiang Su
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Chih Kuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nain-Feng Chu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jhih-Syuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan, ROC.
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Medina A, Bellec K, Polcowñuk S, Cordero JB. Investigating local and systemic intestinal signalling in health and disease with Drosophila. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:274860. [PMID: 35344037 PMCID: PMC8990086 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-body health relies on complex inter-organ signalling networks that enable organisms to adapt to environmental perturbations and to changes in tissue homeostasis. The intestine plays a major role as a signalling centre by producing local and systemic signals that are relayed to the body and that maintain intestinal and organismal homeostasis. Consequently, disruption of intestinal homeostasis and signalling are associated with systemic diseases and multi-organ dysfunction. In recent years, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a prime model organism to study tissue-intrinsic and systemic signalling networks of the adult intestine due to its genetic tractability and functional conservation with mammals. In this Review, we highlight Drosophila research that has contributed to our understanding of how the adult intestine interacts with its microenvironment and with distant organs. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding intestinal and whole-body pathophysiology, and how future Drosophila studies might advance our knowledge of the complex interplay between the intestine and the rest of the body in health and disease. Summary: We outline work in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster that has contributed knowledge on local and whole-body signalling coordinated by the adult intestine, and discuss its implications in intestinal pathophysiology and associated systemic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Medina
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.,CRUK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen Bellec
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Sofia Polcowñuk
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Julia B Cordero
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.,CRUK Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
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41
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Bao R, Chen Q, Li Z, Wang D, Wu Y, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wang T. Eurycomanol alleviates hyperuricemia by promoting uric acid excretion and reducing purine synthesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153850. [PMID: 34785103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated level of blood uric acid (UA) leads to serious damages to human health. In clinic, xanthine oxidase inhibitor is commonly used to reduce uric acid production. However, UA excretion promotion drug is rare. Our previous study demonstrated that the 70% ethanolic extract of stem of Eurycoma longifolia could effectively increase UA excretion and decrease blood level of UA in hyperuricemia animal model. In this paper, we tried to find active substance on UA regulation from E. longifolia. METHODS The constituents of stem from E. longifolia were isolated and analyzed by chemical and spectral methods. Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography was applied to measure the concentrations of UA in serum and urine. H&E staining was used to characterize renal histopathological changes. The protein and mRNA expressions of UA transporters were measured by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Ten kinds of quassinoids were isolated from stem of E. longifolia, and the structures were identified. Pharmacological research revealed the major component, eurycomanol (5-20 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased serum UA level and increased 24 h clearance of uric acid in potassium oxonate and adenine induced hyperuricemic mice. Eurycomanol ameliorated UA induced kidney histological injury, inhibited hepatic purine synthesis through decreasing phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase, promoted UA excretion by modulation of renal and intestinal urate transporters, such as GLUT9, ABCG2, OAT1, and NPT1. CONCLUSION The results showed eurycomanol from E. longifolia can promote UA excretion through kidney and intestine, decrease hepatic purine synthesis and further keep UA homeostasis, suggesting that eurycomanol has the potential to be developed into a novel drug for the treatment of under-excretion type hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuzheng Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
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He Q, Zhang Y, Ma D, Zhang W, Zhang H. Lactobacillus casei Zhang exerts anti-obesity effect to obese glut1 and gut-specific-glut1 knockout mice via gut microbiota modulation mediated different metagenomic pathways. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2003-2014. [PMID: 34984487 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases, including metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) impairment has been proposed as a mechanism of fat accumulation and glucose tolerance. Our aims were to determine the role of intestinal epithelial glut1 activity in obesity and the mechanism of anti-obesity effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (LCZ) intervention in the absence of gut villi-specific glut1 expression. METHODS This study compared the body weight, intestinal microbiota perturbations, fat mass accumulation, and glucose tolerance (by oral glucose tolerance test) between high-fat diet fed villi-specific glut1 knockout (KO) mice and control mice (glut1 flox/flox) with/without LCZ intervention. The intestinal microbiota was evaluated by metagenomic sequencing. RESULTS Our results showed that villi-specific glut1 KO mice had more fat deposition at the premetaphase stage, impaired glucose tolerance, and obvious alterations in gut microbiota compared to control mice. Probiotic administration significantly lowered the body weight, the weights of mesenteric and perirenal white adipose tissues (WAT), and mediated gut microbiota modulation in both types of KO and control mice. The species Barnesiella intestinihominis and Faecalibaculum rodentium might contribute to fasting fat mass accumulation associated with gut-specific glut1 inactivation, while the probiotic-mediated anti-obesity effect was linked to members of the Bacteroides genera, Odoribacter genera and Alistipes finegoldii. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that abrogating gut epithelial GLUT1 activity affected the gut microbiota, fat mass accumulation, and glucose tolerance; and LCZ administration reduced fat mass accumulation and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
| | - Da Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. .,Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
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43
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Zhao ZA, Jiang Y, Chen YY, Wu T, Lan QS, Li YM, Li L, Yang Y, Lin CT, Cao Y, Zhou PZ, Guo JY, Tian YX, Pang JX. CDER167, a dual inhibitor of URAT1 and GLUT9, is a novel and potent uricosuric candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:121-132. [PMID: 33767379 PMCID: PMC8724292 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) are important targets for the development of uric acid-lowering drugs. We previously showed that the flexible linkers of URAT1 inhibitors could enhance their potency. In this study we designed and synthesized CDER167, a novel RDEA3710 analogue, by introducing a linker (methylene) between the naphthalene and pyridine rings to increase flexibility, and characterized its pharmacological and pharmacokinetics properties in vitro and in vivo. We showed that CDER167 exerted dual-target inhibitory effects on both URAT1 and GLUT9: CDER167 concentration-dependently inhibited the uptake of [14C]-uric acid in URAT1-expressing HEK293 cells with an IC50 value of 2.08 ± 0.31 μM, which was similar to that of RDEA3170 (its IC50 value was 1.47 ± 0.23 μM). Using site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that CDER167 might interact with URAT1 at S35 and F365. In GLUT9-expressing HEK293T cells, CDER167 concentration-dependently inhibited GLUT9 with an IC50 value of 91.55 ± 15.28 μM, whereas RDEA3170 at 100 μM had no effect on GLUT9. In potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice, oral administration of CDER167 (10 mg·kg-1 · d-1) for 7 days was more effective in lowering uric acid in blood and significantly promoted uric acid excretion in urine as compared with RDEA3170 (20 mg·kg-1 · d-1) administered. The animal experiment proved the safety of CDER167. In addition, CDER167 displayed better bioavailability than RDEA3170, better metabolic stability and no hERG toxicity at 100 μM. These results suggest that CDER167 deserves further investigation as a candidate antihyperuricemic drug targeting URAT1 and GLUT9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-An Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Yu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qun-Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong-Mei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Cui-Ting Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ping-Zheng Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Yin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuan-Xin Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Ma W, Gao S, Huang S, Yuan J, Yu M. Hyperuricemia as a prognostic marker for long-term outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:107. [PMID: 34930343 PMCID: PMC8686602 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia (HUA) has been proved as a predictor of worse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of HUA in a distinct population with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Methods A total of 1179 MINOCA patients were enrolled and divided into HUA and non-HUA groups. HUA was defined as a serum uric acid level ≥ 420 μmol/L in men or ≥ 357 μmol/L in women. The primary study endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, revascularization, and hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure. Kaplan–Meier, Cox regression, and receiver-operating characteristic analyses were performed. Results Patients with HUA (prevalence of 23.5%) had a significantly higher incidence of MACE (18.7% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.015) than patients without during the median follow-up of 41.7 months. HUA was closely associated with an increased risk of MACE even after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio 1.498, 95% confidence interval: 1.080 to 2.077; p = 0.016). HUA remained a robust risk factor of MACE after propensity score matching analysis. Moreover, HUA showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.59 for predicting MACE. Incorporation of HUA to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) score yielded a significant improvement in discrimination for MACE. Conclusions HUA was independently associated with poor prognosis after MINOCA. Routine assessment of HUA may facilitate risk stratification in this specific population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-021-00636-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Side Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Bei Li Shi Rd 167, Beijing, 100037, PR China
| | - Sizhuang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Bei Li Shi Rd 167, Beijing, 100037, PR China
| | - Jiansong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Bei Li Shi Rd 167, Beijing, 100037, PR China.
| | - Mengyue Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Bei Li Shi Rd 167, Beijing, 100037, PR China.
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Tin A, Schlosser P, Matias-Garcia PR, Thio CHL, Joehanes R, Liu H, Yu Z, Weihs A, Hoppmann A, Grundner-Culemann F, Min JL, Kuhns VLH, Adeyemo AA, Agyemang C, Ärnlöv J, Aziz NA, Baccarelli A, Bochud M, Brenner H, Bressler J, Breteler MMB, Carmeli C, Chaker L, Coresh J, Corre T, Correa A, Cox SR, Delgado GE, Eckardt KU, Ekici AB, Endlich K, Floyd JS, Fraszczyk E, Gao X, Gào X, Gelber AC, Ghanbari M, Ghasemi S, Gieger C, Greenland P, Grove ML, Harris SE, Hemani G, Henneman P, Herder C, Horvath S, Hou L, Hurme MA, Hwang SJ, Kardia SLR, Kasela S, Kleber ME, Koenig W, Kooner JS, Kronenberg F, Kühnel B, Ladd-Acosta C, Lehtimäki T, Lind L, Liu D, Lloyd-Jones DM, Lorkowski S, Lu AT, Marioni RE, März W, McCartney DL, Meeks KAC, Milani L, Mishra PP, Nauck M, Nowak C, Peters A, Prokisch H, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Ratliff SM, Reiner AP, Schöttker B, Schwartz J, Sedaghat S, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Stocker HR, Stringhini S, Sundström J, Swenson BR, van Meurs JBJ, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Venema A, Völker U, Winkelmann J, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Zhao W, Zheng Y, Loh M, Snieder H, Waldenberger M, Levy D, Akilesh S, Woodward OM, Susztak K, Teumer A, Köttgen A. Epigenome-wide association study of serum urate reveals insights into urate co-regulation and the SLC2A9 locus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7173. [PMID: 34887389 PMCID: PMC8660809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum urate levels, a complex trait and major risk factor for incident gout, are correlated with cardiometabolic traits via incompletely understood mechanisms. DNA methylation in whole blood captures genetic and environmental influences and is assessed in transethnic meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of serum urate (discovery, n = 12,474, replication, n = 5522). The 100 replicated, epigenome-wide significant (p < 1.1E-7) CpGs explain 11.6% of the serum urate variance. At SLC2A9, the serum urate locus with the largest effect in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), five CpGs are associated with SLC2A9 gene expression. Four CpGs at SLC2A9 have significant causal effects on serum urate levels and/or gout, and two of these partly mediate the effects of urate-associated GWAS variants. In other genes, including SLC7A11 and PHGDH, 17 urate-associated CpGs are associated with conditions defining metabolic syndrome, suggesting that these CpGs may represent a blood DNA methylation signature of cardiometabolic risk factors. This study demonstrates that EWAS can provide new insights into GWAS loci and the correlation of serum urate with other complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Tin
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 39216, MS, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pamela R Matias-Garcia
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Zhi Yu
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antoine Weihs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Grundner-Culemann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Josine L Min
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Family Medicine and Primary Care Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Nasir A Aziz
- Population Health Sciences, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Precision Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- Population Health Sciences, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristian Carmeli
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, 39216, MS, USA
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-UniversitätErlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Eliza Fraszczyk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xu Gao
- Laboratory of Environmental Precision Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xīn Gào
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Allan C Gelber
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Philip Greenland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Henneman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
- Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mikko A Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Division of Intramural Research, Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Southall, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dan Liu
- Population Health Sciences, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany
| | - Ake T Lu
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany
- Synlab Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim and Augsburg, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Karlijn A C Meeks
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Family Medicine and Primary Care Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Scott M Ratliff
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Ben Schöttker
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
| | - Hannah R Stocker
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brenton R Swenson
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, 98101, WA, USA
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Venema
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Chair Neurogenetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Bavaria, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Owen M Woodward
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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46
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Abstract
Circulation of urate levels is determined by the balance between urate production and excretion, homeostasis regulated by the function of urate transporters in key epithelial tissues and cell types. Our understanding of these physiological processes and identification of the genes encoding the urate transporters has advanced significantly, leading to a greater ability to predict risk for urate-associated diseases and identify new therapeutics that directly target urate transport. Here, we review the identified urate transporters and their organization and function in the renal tubule, the intestinal enterocytes, and other important cell types to provide a fuller understanding of the complicated process of urate homeostasis and its role in human diseases. Furthermore, we review the genetic tools that provide an unbiased catalyst for transporter identification as well as discuss the role of transporters in determining the observed significant gender differences in urate-associated disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Owen M Woodward
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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47
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Arends D, Kärst S, Heise S, Korkuc P, Hesse D, Brockmann GA. Transmission distortion and genetic incompatibilities between alleles in a multigenerational mouse advanced intercross line. Genetics 2021; 220:6428544. [PMID: 34791189 PMCID: PMC8733443 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While direct additive and dominance effects on complex traits have been mapped repeatedly, additional genetic factors contributing to the heterogeneity of complex traits have been scarcely investigated. To assess genetic background effects, we investigated transmission ratio distortions (TRDs) of alleles from parent to offspring using an advanced intercross line (AIL) of an initial cross between the mouse inbred strains C57BL/6NCrl (B6N) and BFMI860-12 [Berlin Fat Mouse Inbred (BFMI)]. A total of 341 males of generation 28 and their respective 61 parents and 66 grandparents were genotyped using Mega Mouse Universal Genotyping Arrays. TRDs were investigated using allele transmission asymmetry tests, and pathway overrepresentation analysis was performed. Sequencing data were used to test for overrepresentation of nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in TRD regions. Genetic incompatibilities were tested using the Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller two-locus model. A total of 62 TRD regions were detected, many in close proximity to the telocentric centromere. TRD regions contained 44.5% more nsSNPs than randomly selected regions (182 vs 125.9 ± 17.0, P < 1 × 10−4). Testing for genetic incompatibilities between TRD regions identified 29 genome-wide significant incompatibilities between TRD regions [P(BF) < 0.05]. Pathway overrepresentation analysis of genes in TRD regions showed that DNA methylation, epigenetic regulation of RNA, and meiotic/meiosis regulation pathways were affected independent of the parental origin of the TRD. Paternal BFMI TRD regions showed overrepresentation in the small interfering RNA biogenesis and in the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins. Maternal B6N TRD regions harbored genes involved in meiotic recombination, cell death, and apoptosis pathways. The analysis of genes in TRD regions suggests the potential distortion of protein–protein interactions influencing obesity and diabetic retinopathy as a result of disadvantageous combinations of allelic variants in Aass, Pgx6, and Nme8. Using an AIL significantly improves the resolution at which we can investigate TRD. Our analysis implicates distortion of protein–protein interactions as well as meiotic drive as the underlying mechanisms leading to the observed TRD in our AIL. Furthermore, genes with large amounts of nsSNPs located in TRD regions are more likely to be involved in pathways that are related to the phenotypic differences between the parental strains. Genes in these TRD regions provide new targets for investigating genetic adaptation, protein–protein interactions, and determinants of complex traits such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Arends
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kärst
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heise
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Korkuc
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Deike Hesse
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gudrun A Brockmann
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut für Agrar- und Gartenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Goldberg A, Garcia-Arroyo F, Sasai F, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Lanaspa MA, Johnson RJ. Mini Review: Reappraisal of Uric Acid in Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Nephrol 2021; 52:837-844. [PMID: 34673651 DOI: 10.1159/000519491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia predicts the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic complications, but whether it has a causal role has been controversial. This is especially true given the 2 recently conducted randomized controlled trials that failed to show a benefit of lowering uric acid in type 1 diabetes-associated CKD and subjects with stage 3-4 CKD. While these studies suggest that use of urate-lowering drugs in unselected patients is unlikely to slow the progression of CKD, there are subsets of subjects with CKD where reducing uric acid synthesis may be beneficial. This may be the case in patients with gout, hyperuricemia (especially associated with increased production), and urate crystalluria. Here, we discuss the evidence and propose that future clinical trials targeting these specific subgroups should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Goldberg
- Clalit Health Services, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Fumihiko Sasai
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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49
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Maternal Fructose Diet-Induced Developmental Programming. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093278. [PMID: 34579155 PMCID: PMC8467222 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental programming of chronic diseases by perinatal exposures/events is the basic tenet of the developmental origins hypothesis of adult disease (DOHaD). With consumption of fructose becoming more common in the diet, the effect of fructose exposure during pregnancy and lactation is of increasing relevance. Human studies have identified a clear effect of fructose consumption on maternal health, but little is known of the direct or indirect effects on offspring. Animal models have been utilized to evaluate this concept and an association between maternal fructose and offspring chronic disease, including hypertension and metabolic syndrome. This review will address the mechanisms of developmental programming by maternal fructose and potential options for intervention.
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50
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Zhou Z, Shu T, Sun Y, Si H, Peng P, Su L, Zhang X. Luminescent wearable biosensors based on gold nanocluster networks for "turn-on" detection of Uric acid, glucose and alcohol in sweat. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113530. [PMID: 34325319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the difficulty of awareness of abnormal concentrations of biochemical indexes in people's daily life come wearable sensing technologies. Recently, luminescent wearable biosensors are emerging with simple fabrication, easy use, cost-effectivity and reliability. But several challenges should be taken up, such as availability of varied analytes, high sensitivity, stability of enzymes, photostability, low signal noises and recyclability of sensors. Here, the Luminescent Wearable Sweat Tape (LWST) biosensor is developed via embedding multi-component nanoprobes onto microwell-patterned paper substrates of hollowed-out double-side tapes. The nanoprobes consist of responsive luminophores, enzyme-loaded gold nanocluster (AuNCs) nano-networks, which are wrapped by the switch, MnO2 nanosheets. The responsive luminophores are constructed by 3 substitutable components: enzymes (uricase, GOx and alcohol dehydrogenase) for molecular target recognition, glutathione-protected AuNCs (yellow, red and green) for luminescent signal output and polycations PAH for integration. MnO2 NSs as the switch can quench the emission of the AuNCs but degraded by the reductive product of incorporated enzymes. Thus, targeting analysts (uric acid, glucose and alcohol) can be dose-dependently detected through "turn-on" luminescence approach. After incorporating the nanoprobes into hollow-out tapes, the formed LWST biosensors can detect uric acid, glucose and alcohol in sweat with the help of a smartphone. Subsequently, we primarily apply them into human daily life scenario, sampling from dine parties, and the positive relationships of analyte intakes and the increase of analytes in sweat are significant with individual difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China; Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Tong Shu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China; Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518060, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yafang Sun
- Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Hongxin Si
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Peiwen Peng
- Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Lei Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
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