1
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Peng J, Zou WW, Wang XL, Zhang ZG, Huo R, Yang L. Viral-mediated gene therapy in pediatric neurological disorders. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:533-555. [PMID: 36607547 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the broad application of next-generation sequencing, the molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders in pediatric neurology is no longer an unachievable goal. However, treatments for neurological genetic disorders in children remain primarily symptomatic. On the other hand, with the continuous evolution of therapeutic viral vectors, gene therapy is becoming a clinical reality. From this perspective, we wrote this review to illustrate the current state regarding viral-mediated gene therapy in childhood neurological disorders. DATA SOURCES We searched databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keywords "adenovirus vector," "lentivirus vector," and "AAV" for gene therapy, and "immunoreaction induced by gene therapy vectors," "administration routes of gene therapy vectors," and "gene therapy" with "NCL," "SMA," "DMD," "congenital myopathy," "MPS" "leukodystrophy," or "pediatric metabolic disorders". We also screened the database of ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords "gene therapy for children" and then filtered the results with the ones aimed at neurological disorders. The time range of the search procedure was from the inception of the databases to the present. RESULTS We presented the characteristics of commonly used viral vectors for gene therapy for pediatric neurological disorders and summarized their merits and drawbacks, the administration routes of each vector, the research progress, and the clinical application status of viral-mediated gene therapy on pediatric neurological disorders. CONCLUSIONS Viral-mediated gene therapy is on the brink of broad clinical application. Viral-mediated gene therapy will dramatically change the treatment pattern of childhood neurological disorders, and many children with incurable diseases will meet the dawn of a cure. Nevertheless, the vectors must be optimized for better safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center for Chidren Neurodevelopmental disablities of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center for Chidren Neurodevelopmental disablities of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Wright K, Han DJ, Song R, de Silva K, Plain KM, Purdie AC, Shepherd A, Chin M, Hortle E, Wong JJL, Britton WJ, Oehlers SH. Zebrafish tsc1 and cxcl12a increase susceptibility to mycobacterial infection. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302523. [PMID: 38307625 PMCID: PMC10837051 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulation of host miRNA expression is a contested node that controls the host immune response to mycobacterial infection. The host must counter subversive efforts of pathogenic mycobacteria to launch a protective immune response. Here, we examine the role of miR-126 in the zebrafish-Mycobacterium marinum infection model and identify a protective role for infection-induced miR-126 through multiple effector pathways. We identified a putative link between miR-126 and the tsc1a and cxcl12a/ccl2/ccr2 signalling axes resulting in the suppression of non-tnfa expressing macrophage accumulation at early M. marinum granulomas. Mechanistically, we found a detrimental effect of tsc1a expression that renders zebrafish embryos susceptible to higher bacterial burden and increased cell death via mTOR inhibition. We found that macrophage recruitment driven by the cxcl12a/ccl2/ccr2 signalling axis was at the expense of the recruitment of classically activated tnfa-expressing macrophages and increased cell death around granulomas. Together, our results delineate putative pathways by which infection-induced miR-126 may shape an effective immune response to M. marinum infection in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Wright
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Directed Evolution Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Darryl Jy Han
- https://ror.org/036wvzt09 A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Renhua Song
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Epigenetics and RNA Biology Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Kumudika de Silva
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karren M Plain
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Auriol C Purdie
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ava Shepherd
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Directed Evolution Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Maegan Chin
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Directed Evolution Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Elinor Hortle
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Justin J-L Wong
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Epigenetics and RNA Biology Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Stefan H Oehlers
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/0384j8v12 Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- https://ror.org/036wvzt09 A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Kumar SRP, Biswas M, Cao D, Arisa S, Muñoz-Melero M, Lam AK, Piñeros AR, Kapur R, Kaisho T, Kaufman RJ, Xiao W, Shayakhmetov DM, Terhorst C, de Jong YP, Herzog RW. TLR9-independent CD8 + T cell responses in hepatic AAV gene transfer through IL-1R1-MyD88 signaling. Mol Ther 2024; 32:325-339. [PMID: 38053332 PMCID: PMC10861967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon viral infection of the liver, CD8+ T cell responses may be triggered despite the immune suppressive properties that manifest in this organ. We sought to identify pathways that activate responses to a neoantigen expressed in hepatocytes, using adeno-associated viral (AAV) gene transfer. It was previously established that cooperation between plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which sense AAV genomes by Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), and conventional DCs promotes cross-priming of capsid-specific CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, we find local initiation of a CD8+ T cell response against antigen expressed in ∼20% of murine hepatocytes, independent of TLR9 or type I interferons and instead relying on IL-1 receptor 1-MyD88 signaling. Both IL-1α and IL-1β contribute to this response, which can be blunted by IL-1 blockade. Upon AAV administration, IL-1-producing pDCs infiltrate the liver and co-cluster with XCR1+ DCs, CD8+ T cells, and Kupffer cells. Analogous events were observed following coagulation factor VIII gene transfer in hemophilia A mice. Therefore, pDCs have alternative means of promoting anti-viral T cell responses and participate in intrahepatic immune cell networks similar to those that form in lymphoid organs. Combined TLR9 and IL-1 blockade may broadly prevent CD8+ T responses against AAV capsid and transgene product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep R P Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Moanaro Biswas
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Di Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sreevani Arisa
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maite Muñoz-Melero
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anh K Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Annie R Piñeros
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Center for Genetic Disorders and Aging Research, Samford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dmitry M Shayakhmetov
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cox Terhorst
- Division of Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ype P de Jong
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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4
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Guo X, He C, Xin S, Gao H, Wang B, Liu X, Zhang S, Gong F, Yu X, Pan L, Sun F, Xu J. Current perspective on biological properties of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and dysfunction in gut. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1005. [PMID: 37773693 PMCID: PMC10510335 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a subtype of DC, possess unique developmental, morphological, and functional traits that have sparked much debate over the years whether they should be categorized as DCs. The digestive system has the greatest mucosal tissue overall, and the pDC therein is responsible for shaping the adaptive and innate immunity of the gastrointestinal tract, resisting pathogen invasion through generating type I interferons, presenting antigens, and participating in immunological responses. Therefore, its alleged importance in the gut has received a lot of attention in recent years, and a fresh functional overview is still required. Here, we summarize the current understanding of mouse and human pDCs, ranging from their formation and different qualities compared with related cell types to their functional characteristics in intestinal disorders, including colon cancer, infections, autoimmune diseases, and intestinal graft-versus-host disease. The purpose of this review is to convey our insights, demonstrate the limits of existing research, and lay a theoretical foundation for the rational development and use of pDCs in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing An Zhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Boya Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fengrong Gong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Luming Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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5
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Campbell ESB, Goens MM, Cao W, Thompson B, Susta L, Banadyga L, Wootton SK. Recent Advancements in AAV-Vectored Immunoprophylaxis in the Nonhuman Primate Model. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2223. [PMID: 37626720 PMCID: PMC10452516 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are important treatment modalities for preventing and treating infectious diseases, especially for those lacking prophylactic vaccines or effective therapies. Recent advances in mAb gene cloning from naturally infected or immunized individuals has led to the development of highly potent human mAbs against a wide range of human and animal pathogens. While effective, the serum half-lives of mAbs are quite variable, with single administrations usually resulting in short-term protection, requiring repeated doses to maintain therapeutic concentrations for extended periods of time. Moreover, due to their limited time in circulation, mAb therapies are rarely given prophylactically; instead, they are generally administered therapeutically after the onset of symptoms, thus preventing mortality, but not morbidity. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have an established record of high-efficiency in vivo gene transfer in a variety of animal models and humans. When delivered to post-mitotic tissues such as skeletal muscle, brain, and heart, or to organs in which cells turn over slowly, such as the liver and lungs, AAV vector genomes assume the form of episomal concatemers that direct transgene expression, often for the lifetime of the cell. Based on these attributes, many research groups have explored AAV-vectored delivery of highly potent mAb genes as a strategy to enable long-term expression of therapeutic mAbs directly in vivo following intramuscular or intranasal administration. However, clinical trials in humans and studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs) indicate that while AAVs are a powerful and promising platform for vectored immunoprophylaxis (VIP), further optimization is needed to decrease anti-drug antibody (ADA) and anti-capsid antibody responses, ultimately leading to increased serum transgene expression levels and improved therapeutic efficacy. The following review will summarize the current landscape of AAV VIP in NHP models, with an emphasis on vector and transgene design as well as general delivery system optimization. In addition, major obstacles to AAV VIP, along with implications for clinical translation, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie M. Goens
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Wenguang Cao
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | | | - Leonardo Susta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Logan Banadyga
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Sarah K. Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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6
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Laura Francés J, Pagiatakis C, Di Mauro V, Climent M. Therapeutic Potential of EVs: Targeting Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1907. [PMID: 37509546 PMCID: PMC10377624 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their different biological functions, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have great potential from a therapeutic point of view. They are released by all cell types, carrying and delivering different kinds of biologically functional cargo. Under pathological events, cells can increase their secretion of EVs and can release different amounts of cargo, thus making EVs great biomarkers as indicators of pathological progression. Moreover, EVs are also known to be able to transport and deliver cargo to different recipient cells, having an important role in cellular communication. Interestingly, EVs have recently been explored as biological alternatives for the delivery of therapeutics, being considered natural drug delivery carriers. Because cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, in this review, we will discuss the up-to-date knowledge regarding the biophysical properties and biological components of EVs, focusing on myocardial infarction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, three very different types of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Pagiatakis
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Vittoria Di Mauro
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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7
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Akbar N, Braithwaite AT, Corr EM, Koelwyn GJ, van Solingen C, Cochain C, Saliba AE, Corbin A, Pezzolla D, Møller Jørgensen M, Bæk R, Edgar L, De Villiers C, Gunadasa-Rohling M, Banerjee A, Paget D, Lee C, Hogg E, Costin A, Dhaliwal R, Johnson E, Krausgruber T, Riepsaame J, Melling GE, Shanmuganathan M, Bock C, Carter DRF, Channon KM, Riley PR, Udalova IA, Moore KJ, Anthony DC, Choudhury RP. Rapid neutrophil mobilization by VCAM-1+ endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:236-251. [PMID: 35134856 PMCID: PMC10022859 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Acute myocardial infarction rapidly increases blood neutrophils (<2 h). Release from bone marrow, in response to chemokine elevation, has been considered their source, but chemokine levels peak up to 24 h after injury, and after neutrophil elevation. This suggests that additional non-chemokine-dependent processes may be involved. Endothelial cell (EC) activation promotes the rapid (<30 min) release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which have emerged as an important means of cell-cell signalling and are thus a potential mechanism for communicating with remote tissues. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that injury to the myocardium rapidly mobilizes neutrophils from the spleen to peripheral blood and induces their transcriptional activation prior to arrival at the injured tissue. Time course analysis of plasma-EV composition revealed a rapid and selective increase in EVs bearing VCAM-1. These EVs, which were also enriched for miRNA-126, accumulated preferentially in the spleen where they induced local inflammatory gene and chemokine protein expression, and mobilized splenic-neutrophils to peripheral blood. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated VCAM-1-deficient EC-EVs and showed that its deletion removed the ability of EC-EVs to provoke the mobilization of neutrophils. Furthermore, inhibition of miRNA-126 in vivo reduced myocardial infarction size in a mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show a novel EV-dependent mechanism for the rapid mobilization of neutrophils to peripheral blood from a splenic reserve and establish a proof of concept for functional manipulation of EV-communications through genetic alteration of parent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Akbar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Adam T Braithwaite
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Emma M Corr
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 435 E 30th St. New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Graeme J Koelwyn
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 435 E 30th St. New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Coen van Solingen
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 435 E 30th St. New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Clément Cochain
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wurzburg, Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts Josef-Schneider-Straße 2 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alastair Corbin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Daniela Pezzolla
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Malene Møller Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Urbansgade 32-36, DK-9000, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rikke Bæk
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Laurienne Edgar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Carla De Villiers
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building Parks Road, OX1 3PT, Oxford, UK
| | - Mala Gunadasa-Rohling
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building Parks Road, OX1 3PT, Oxford, UK
| | - Abhirup Banerjee
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Daan Paget
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eleanor Hogg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Adam Costin
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Raman Dhaliwal
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Errin Johnson
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joey Riepsaame
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Genevieve E Melling
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mayooran Shanmuganathan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- The OxAMI Study is detailed in the Supplementary Acknowledgments
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, BT88 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - David R F Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- The OxAMI Study is detailed in the Supplementary Acknowledgments
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building Parks Road, OX1 3PT, Oxford, UK
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- NYU Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 435 E 30th St. New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Robin P Choudhury
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Level 6, West Wing John Radcliffe Hospital Headington Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- The OxAMI Study is detailed in the Supplementary Acknowledgments
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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8
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Longitudinal single-cell profiling of chemotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1285. [PMID: 36890137 PMCID: PMC9995364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia may be characterized by a fraction of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that sustain disease propagation eventually leading to relapse. Yet, the contribution of LSCs to early therapy resistance and AML regeneration remains controversial. We prospectively identify LSCs in AML patients and xenografts by single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with functional validation by a microRNA-126 reporter enriching for LSCs. Through nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutation calling or chromosomal monosomy detection in single-cell transcriptomes, we discriminate LSCs from regenerating hematopoiesis, and assess their longitudinal response to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy induced a generalized inflammatory and senescence-associated response. Moreover, we observe heterogeneity within progenitor AML cells, some of which proliferate and differentiate with expression of oxidative-phosphorylation (OxPhos) signatures, while others are OxPhos (low) miR-126 (high) and display enforced stemness and quiescence features. miR-126 (high) LSCs are enriched at diagnosis in chemotherapy-refractory AML and at relapse, and their transcriptional signature robustly stratifies patients for survival in large AML cohorts.
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9
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Exosomal MicroRNA Levels Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030801. [PMID: 36979782 PMCID: PMC10045368 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown high efficiency in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment. However, the response to therapy among patients varies greatly. Modern studies demonstrate the high potential of exosomal miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers in oncopathology. This study aimed to evaluate exosomal miRNA expression profiles of miRNAs-144, -146a, -149, -126, and -155 in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study included 35 patients whose venous blood samples were taken before and after ICI therapy. Expression analysis was performed using real-time quantitative PCR. It was demonstrated that the level of microRNA-146a increased after therapy (median(IQR) 12.92(4.06–18.90)) compared with the level before it (median(IQR) 7.15(1.90–10.50); p-value = 0.006). On the contrary, microRNA-126 was reduced after therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (median(IQR) 0.85(0.55–1.03) vs. 0.48(0.15–0.68) before and after therapy, respectively; p-value = 0.0001). In addition, miRNA-146a expression was shown to be reduced in patients with a higher grade of immune-related adverse events (p-value = 0.020). The AUC value for the miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 combination was 0.752 (95% CI 0.585–0.918), with the sensitivity at 64.3% and the specificity at 78.9%. Thus, while it can be assumed that miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 can be used as predictors for ICI therapy effectiveness, additional in-depth studies are required.
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10
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Abel T, Moodley J, Khaliq OP, Naicker T. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Potential in Preeclampsia Comorbidity with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213752. [PMID: 36430232 PMCID: PMC9691176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review explored the role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in the synergy of preeclampsia (PE), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Downregulation of VEGFR-2 in PE promotes endothelial dysfunction and prevents endothelial cell (EC) migration, proliferation, and differentiation. The HIV-1 accessory protein, tat (trans-activator of transcription), prevents VEGFR-2 signaling via the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) ligand. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) may cause immune reconstitution, impaired decidualization, and endothelial injury, thus may be a risk factor for PE development. The VEGF/VEGFR-2 interaction may be associated with SARS-CoV-2-related pulmonary oedema. Endothelial dysfunction and heightened inflammation are both associated with PE, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2 infection; therefore, it is plausible that both characteristics may be exacerbated in the synergy of these events. In addition, this review explored microRNAs (miR) regulating VEGFR-2. An overexpression of miR-126 is evident in PE, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2 infection; thus, modulating the expression of miR-126 may be a therapeutic strategy. However, the involvement of microRNAs in PE, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2 infection needs further investigating. Since these conditions have been evaluated independently, this review attempts to predict their clinical manifestations in their synergy, as well as independently; thereby providing a platform for early diagnosis and therapeutic potential in PE, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashlen Abel
- Women’s Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women’s Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Olive P. Khaliq
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institution, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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11
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Simoes DCM, Paschalidis N, Kourepini E, Panoutsakopoulou V. An integrin axis induces IFN-β production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213363. [PMID: 35878016 PMCID: PMC9354318 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) has been mainly studied in the context of Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. In the current report, we reveal that, in the absence of TLR activation, the integrin-binding SLAYGLR motif of secreted osteopontin (sOpn) induces IFN-β production in murine pDCs. This process is mediated by α4β1 integrin, indicating that integrin triggering may act as a subtle danger signal leading to IFN-β induction. The SLAYGLR-mediated α4 integrin/IFN-β axis is MyD88 independent and operates via a PI3K/mTOR/IRF3 pathway. Consequently, SLAYGLR-treated pDCs produce increased levels of type I IFNs following TLR stimulation. Intratumoral administration of SLAYGLR induces accumulation of IFN-β-expressing pDCs and efficiently suppresses melanoma tumor growth. In this process, pDCs are crucial. Finally, SLAYGLR enhances pDC development from bone marrow progenitors. These findings open new questions on the roles of sOpn and integrin α4 during homeostasis and inflammation. The newly identified integrin/IFN-β axis may be implicated in a wide array of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davina Camargo Madeira Simoes
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kourepini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vily Panoutsakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory of Vily Panoutsakopoulou, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Joshi N, Chandane Tak M, Mukherjee A. The involvement of microRNAs in HCV and HIV infection. Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother 2022; 10:25151355221106104. [PMID: 35832725 PMCID: PMC9272158 DOI: 10.1177/25151355221106104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 2.3 million people are suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection worldwide. Faster disease progression and increased mortality rates during the HIV/HCV co-infection have become global health concerns. Effective therapeutics against co-infection and complete infection eradication has become a mandatory requirement. The study of small non-coding RNAs in cellular processes and viral infection has so far been beneficial in various terms. Currently, microRNAs are an influential candidate for disease diagnosis and treatment. Dysregulation in miRNA expression can lead to unfavorable outcomes; hence, this exact inevitable nature has made various studies a focal point. A considerable improvement in comprehending HIV and HCV mono-infection pathogenesis is seen using miRNAs. The prominent reason behind HIV/HCV co-infection is seen to be their standard route of transmission, while some pieces of evidence also suspect viral interplay between having a role in increased viral infection. This review highlights the involvement of microRNAs in HIV/HCV co-infection, along with their contribution in HIV mono- and HCV mono-infection. We also discuss miRNAs that carry the potentiality of becoming a biomarker for viral infection and early disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Joshi
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | | | - Anupam Mukherjee
- Scientist D & RAMANUJAN Fellow, Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Plot No. 73, 'G' Block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune 411026, Maharashtra, India
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13
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Hansen SG, Hancock MH, Malouli D, Marshall EE, Hughes CM, Randall KT, Morrow D, Ford JC, Gilbride RM, Selseth AN, Trethewy RE, Bishop LM, Oswald K, Shoemaker R, Berkemeier B, Bosche WJ, Hull M, Silipino L, Nekorchuk M, Busman-Sahay K, Estes JD, Axthelm MK, Smedley J, Shao D, Edlefsen PT, Lifson JD, Früh K, Nelson JA, Picker LJ. Myeloid cell tropism enables MHC-E-restricted CD8 + T cell priming and vaccine efficacy by the RhCMV/SIV vaccine. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn9301. [PMID: 35714200 PMCID: PMC9387538 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn9301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The strain 68-1 rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV)-based vaccine for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can stringently protect rhesus macaques (RMs) from SIV challenge by arresting viral replication early in primary infection. This vaccine elicits unconventional SIV-specific CD8+ T cells that recognize epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II and MHC-E instead of MHC-Ia. Although RhCMV/SIV vaccines based on strains that only elicit MHC-II- and/or MHC-Ia-restricted CD8+ T cells do not protect against SIV, it remains unclear whether MHC-E-restricted T cells are directly responsible for protection and whether these responses can be separated from the MHC-II-restricted component. Using host microRNA (miR)-mediated vector tropism restriction, we show that the priming of MHC-II and MHC-E epitope-targeted responses depended on vector infection of different nonoverlapping cell types in RMs. Selective inhibition of RhCMV infection in myeloid cells with miR-142-mediated tropism restriction eliminated MHC-E epitope-targeted CD8+ T cell priming, yielding an exclusively MHC-II epitope-targeted response. Inhibition with the endothelial cell-selective miR-126 eliminated MHC-II epitope-targeted CD8+ T cell priming, yielding an exclusively MHC-E epitope-targeted response. Dual miR-142 + miR-126-mediated tropism restriction reverted CD8+ T cell responses back to conventional MHC-Ia epitope targeting. Although the magnitude and differentiation state of these CD8+ T cell responses were generally similar, only the vectors programmed to elicit MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T cell responses provided protection against SIV challenge, directly demonstrating the essential role of these responses in RhCMV/SIV vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott G. Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Meaghan H. Hancock
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Daniel Malouli
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Emily E. Marshall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Colette M. Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Kurt T. Randall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - David Morrow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Julia C. Ford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Roxanne M. Gilbride
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Andrea N. Selseth
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Renee Espinosa Trethewy
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Lindsey M Bishop
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Kelli Oswald
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Rebecca Shoemaker
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Brian Berkemeier
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - William J. Bosche
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Michael Hull
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Lorna Silipino
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Michael Nekorchuk
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Jacob D. Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Danica Shao
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Paul T. Edlefsen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Jeffrey D. Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Jay A. Nelson
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Louis J. Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
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14
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Baldominos P, Barbera-Mourelle A, Barreiro O, Huang Y, Wight A, Cho JW, Zhao X, Estivill G, Adam I, Sanchez X, McCarthy S, Schaller J, Khan Z, Ruzo A, Pastorello R, Richardson ET, Dillon D, Montero-Llopis P, Barroso-Sousa R, Forman J, Shukla SA, Tolaney SM, Mittendorf EA, von Andrian UH, Wucherpfennig KW, Hemberg M, Agudo J. Quiescent cancer cells resist T cell attack by forming an immunosuppressive niche. Cell 2022; 185:1694-1708.e19. [PMID: 35447074 PMCID: PMC11332067 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but patients relapse, highlighting the need to understand the mechanisms of resistance. We discovered that in primary breast cancer, tumor cells that resist T cell attack are quiescent. Quiescent cancer cells (QCCs) form clusters with reduced immune infiltration. They also display superior tumorigenic capacity and higher expression of chemotherapy resistance and stemness genes. We adapted single-cell RNA-sequencing with precise spatial resolution to profile infiltrating cells inside and outside the QCC niche. This transcriptomic analysis revealed hypoxia-induced programs and identified more exhausted T cells, tumor-protective fibroblasts, and dysfunctional dendritic cells inside clusters of QCCs. This uncovered differential phenotypes in infiltrating cells based on their intra-tumor location. Thus, QCCs constitute immunotherapy-resistant reservoirs by orchestrating a local hypoxic immune-suppressive milieu that blocks T cell function. Eliminating QCCs holds the promise to counteract immunotherapy resistance and prevent disease recurrence in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Baldominos
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alex Barbera-Mourelle
- Center for Cancer Research at Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew Wight
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jae-Won Cho
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Guillem Estivill
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Isam Adam
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xavier Sanchez
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shannon McCarthy
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Biological Sciences in Public Health PhD Program, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julien Schaller
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zara Khan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Albert Ruzo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ricardo Pastorello
- Division of Breast Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Breast Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edward T Richardson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Deborah Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Juliet Forman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sachet A Shukla
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Lab, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Division of Breast Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Breast Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kai W Wucherpfennig
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Martin Hemberg
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Judith Agudo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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15
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Zhang Y, Brekken RA. Direct and indirect regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by VEGF. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 111:1269-1286. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru0222-082r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Department of Surgery UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Current affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Rolf A. Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Department of Surgery UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
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16
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Zhang Y, Brekken RA. Are TEMs Canceled? Questioning the Functional Relevance of Tie2-Expressing Macrophages. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1172-1173. [PMID: 35373288 PMCID: PMC9145315 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cells are a vital component of the tumor stroma and, of these, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are the major cell type. TAMs are recruited early in tumorigenesis and generally promote metastasis, stimulate tumor angiogenesis, and drive immunosuppression. TAMs have been shown to express the endothelial cell markers that enable chemotaxis and proangiogenic capacity. In this issue of Cancer Research, Jakab and colleagues challenge the functional significance of Tie2-expressing monocytes/macrophages (TEM) in the context of tumor growth and progression. By employing myeloid-specific deletion of the angiopoietin receptor Tie2 and comprehensive analysis of myeloid cell single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, they provide compelling data that Tie2-positive macrophages do not contribute to tumor angiogenesis or relapse after chemotherapy, two major biologic processes previously attributed to tumor-associated TEMs. The study highlights that the concept of macrophage-expressed Tie2 as a therapeutic target or prognostic indicator needs reconsideration. See related article by Jakab et al., p. 1353.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery and Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Rolf A. Brekken
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery and Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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17
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Varco-Merth BD, Brantley W, Marenco A, Duell DD, Fachko DN, Richardson B, Busman-Sahay K, Shao D, Flores W, Engelman K, Fukazawa Y, Wong SW, Skalsky RL, Smedley J, Axthelm MK, Lifson JD, Estes JD, Edlefsen PT, Picker L, Cameron CM, Henrich TJ, Okoye AA. Rapamycin limits CD4+ T cell proliferation in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques on antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:156063. [PMID: 35316218 PMCID: PMC9106346 DOI: 10.1172/jci156063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of latently infected CD4+ T cells with replication-competent proviruses is an important mechanism contributing to HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART). One approach to targeting this latent cell expansion is to inhibit mTOR, a regulatory kinase involved with cell growth, metabolism, and proliferation. Here, we determined the effects of chronic mTOR inhibition with rapamycin with or without T cell activation in SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) on ART. Rapamycin perturbed the expression of multiple genes and signaling pathways important for cellular proliferation and substantially decreased the frequency of proliferating CD4+ memory T cells (TM cells) in blood and tissues. However, levels of cell-associated SIV DNA and SIV RNA were not markedly different between rapamycin-treated RMs and controls during ART. T cell activation with an anti-CD3LALA antibody induced increases in SIV RNA in plasma of RMs on rapamycin, consistent with SIV production. However, upon ART cessation, both rapamycin and CD3LALA–treated and control-treated RMs rebounded in less than 12 days, with no difference in the time to viral rebound or post-ART viral load set points. These results indicate that, while rapamycin can decrease the proliferation of CD4+ TM cells, chronic mTOR inhibition alone or in combination with T cell activation was not sufficient to disrupt the stability of the SIV reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Varco-Merth
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - William Brantley
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Alejandra Marenco
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Derick D Duell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Devin N Fachko
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Brian Richardson
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Danica Shao
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Walter Flores
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Engelman
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Yoshinori Fukazawa
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Scott W Wong
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L Skalsky
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Michael K Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, United States of America
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Paul T Edlefsen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Louis Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Ma Cameron
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Henrich
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Afam A Okoye
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, United States of America
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18
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Li Y, Jia P, Yu F, Li W, Mao C, Yi M, Gu Q, Jia K. Establishment and characterization of a liver cell line, ALL, derived from yellowfin sea bream, Acanthopagrus latus, and its application to fish virology. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:141-151. [PMID: 34624134 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Yellowfin sea bream (Acanthopagrus latus) is an important economic fish, which is seriously threatened by various fish viruses. In this study, a cell line designated as ALL derived from the liver of yellowfin sea bream was developed and characterized. The cell line grew well in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10%-20% foetal bovine serum at 28°C. Amplification of the cytochrome B gene indicated that ALL cells originated from yellowfin sea bream. The modal chromosome number of ALL cells was 48. ALL cells were efficiently transfected with pEGFP-N3 plasmids, indicating the potential application of ALL cells in exogenous gene manipulation studies. ALL cells were susceptive to three main fish viruses, including viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) and largemouth bass virus (LMBV). The replication of VHSV, RGNNV and LMBV in ALL cells was confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, virus titre and transmission electron microscopy assays. Moreover, ALL cells could respond to VHSV, RGNNV and LMBV infections, as indicated by the differential expression of antiviral genes involving in the innate immune response. In conclusion, the newly established ALL cell line will be an excellent in vitro platform for the study of the virus-yellowfin sea bream interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangzhao Yu
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wangdong Li
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China
| | - Can Mao
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China
| | - Meisheng Yi
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunhong Gu
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kuntong Jia
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Zhang Y, Huang H, Coleman M, Ziemys A, Gopal P, Kazmi SM, Brekken RA. VEGFR2 activity on myeloid cells mediates immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. JCI Insight 2021; 6:150735. [PMID: 34673569 PMCID: PMC8675197 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a hallmark of cancer, is induced by vascular endothelial growth factor–A (hereafter VEGF). As a result, anti-VEGF therapy is commonly used for cancer treatment. Recent studies have found that VEGF expression is also associated with immune suppression in patients with cancer. This connection has been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies by evaluating the therapeutic effect of combining antiangiogenic reagents with immune therapy. However, the mechanisms of how anti-VEGF strategies enhance immune therapy are not fully understood. We and others have shown selective elevation of VEGFR2 expression on tumor-associated myeloid cells in tumor-bearing animals. Here, we investigated the function of VEGFR2+ myeloid cells in regulating tumor immunity and found VEGF induced an immunosuppressive phenotype in VEGFR2+ myeloid cells, including directly upregulating the expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1. Moreover, we found that VEGF blockade inhibited the immunosuppressive phenotype of VEGFR2+ myeloid cells, increased T cell activation, and enhanced the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. This study highlights the function of VEGFR2 on myeloid cells and provides mechanistic insight on how VEGF inhibition potentiates immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Huocong Huang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Morgan Coleman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Arturas Ziemys
- Program of Mathematics in Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, United States of America
| | - Purva Gopal
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Syed M Kazmi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Rolf A Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, United States of America
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20
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Association between miR-126, miR-21, inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte apoptosis in septic rats. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:206. [PMID: 34462662 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) serve an important role in regulating expression levels of inflammatory factors but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study aimed to observe miR-126 and miR-21 expression and apoptosis in T lymphocytes and to analyze their association with cytokine release in septic rats. The septic model rats were given intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and divided into 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h groups. Peripheral blood was collected from each group to isolate T lymphocytes. The expression levels of miR-126 and miR-21 in T lymphocytes were observed, as well as cytokine release and apoptosis. Finally, the association between miR-126, miR-21, cytokines and apoptosis in T lymphocytes was analyzed. The release of TNF-α and IL-6 in septic rats was initially elevated but then decreased. miR-126 and miR-21 levels in T lymphocytes in septic rats were lower than those of NC rats. miR-126 and miR-21 initially decreased and then increased, whereas of apoptosis of T lymphocytes increased and then decreased, in septic rats. The expression of miR-126 was positively correlated with that of miR-21 (r=0.316; P=0.029) and negatively correlated with that of TNF-α (r=-0.480; P=0.001) and IL-6 (r=-0.626; P<0.001), as well as the apoptotic rate of T lymphocytes (r=-0.377; P=0.008). Furthermore, expression levels of miR-126 were negatively corrlated with caspase-3 expression levels (r=-0.606; P<0.001) and activity (r=-0.541; P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between miR-21 and levels of TNF-α (r=-0.311; P=0.032) and IL-6 (r=-0.439; P=0.002), as well as caspase-3 expression (r=-0.398; P=0.005) and activity (r=-0.378; P=0.008). However, there miR-126 expression was not correlated with apoptotic rate of T lymphocytes. Altered expression levels of miR-126 and miR-21 reflected the severity of inflammatory response and indicated levels of T lymphocyte apoptosis in septic rats.
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21
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Rose SA, Wroblewska A, Dhainaut M, Yoshida H, Shaffer JM, Bektesevic A, Ben-Zvi B, Rhoads A, Kim EY, Yu B, Lavin Y, Merad M, Buenrostro JD, Brown BD. A microRNA expression and regulatory element activity atlas of the mouse immune system. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:914-927. [PMID: 34099919 PMCID: PMC8480231 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To better define the control of immune system regulation, we generated an atlas of microRNA (miRNA) expression from 63 mouse immune cell populations and connected these signatures with assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) and nascent RNA profiles to establish a map of miRNA promoter and enhancer usage in immune cells. miRNA complexity was relatively low, with >90% of the miRNA compartment of each population comprising <75 miRNAs; however, each cell type had a unique miRNA signature. Integration of miRNA expression with chromatin accessibility revealed putative regulatory elements for differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-21a, miR-146a and miR-223. The integrated maps suggest that many miRNAs utilize multiple promoters to reach high abundance and identified dominant and divergent miRNA regulatory elements between lineages and during development that may be used by clustered miRNAs, such as miR-99a/let-7c/miR-125b, to achieve distinct expression. These studies, with web-accessible data, help delineate the cis-regulatory elements controlling miRNA signatures of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Rose
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandra Wroblewska
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maxime Dhainaut
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hideyuki Yoshida
- YCI Laboratory for Immunological Transcriptomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Anela Bektesevic
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Ben-Zvi
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Rhoads
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edy Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bingfei Yu
- Division of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yonit Lavin
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason D Buenrostro
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian D Brown
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Nazari N, Jafari F, Ghalamfarsa G, Hadinia A, Atapour A, Ahmadi M, Dolati S, Rostamzadeh D. The emerging role of microRNA in regulating the mTOR signaling pathway in immune and inflammatory responses. Immunol Cell Biol 2021; 99:814-832. [PMID: 33988889 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is considered to be an atypical protein kinase that plays a critical role in integrating different cellular and environmental inputs in the form of growth factors, nutrients and energy and, subsequently, in regulating different cellular events, including cell metabolism, survival, homeostasis, growth and cellular differentiation. Immunologically, mTOR is a critical regulator of immune function through integrating numerous signals from the immune microenvironment, which coordinates the functions of immune cells and T cell fate decisions. The crucial role of mTOR in immune responses has been lately even more appreciated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, noncoding single-stranded RNAs that act as molecular regulators involved in multiple processes during immune cells development, homeostasis, activation and effector polarization. Several studies have recently indicated that a range of miRNAs are involved in regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mTOR (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway by targeting multiple components of this signaling pathway and modulating the expression and function of these targets. Current evidence has revealed the interplay between miRNAs and the mTOR pathway circuits in various immune cell types. The expression of individual miRNA can affect the function of mTOR signaling to determine the cell fate decisions in immune responses through coordinating immune signaling and cell metabolism. Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway/miRNAs crosstalk has been reported in cancers and various immune-related diseases. Thus, expression profiles of dysregulated miRNAs could influence the mTOR pathway, resulting in the promotion of aberrant immunity. This review summarizes the latest information regarding the reciprocal role of the mTOR signaling pathway and miRNAs in orchestrating immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Nazari
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Jafari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Hadinia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amir Atapour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davood Rostamzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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23
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Sansonetti M, De Windt LJ. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac inflammation: key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2058-2073. [PMID: 34097013 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is among the most progressive diseases and a leading cause of morbidity. Despite several advances in cardiovascular therapies, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieve symptoms without curing cardiac injury. Multiple observations point to the involvement of immune cells as key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. In particular, there is a growing recognition that heart failure is related to a prolonged and insufficiently repressed inflammatory response leading to molecular, cellular, and functional cardiac alterations. Over the last decades, non-coding RNAs are recognized as prominent mediators of the cardiac inflammation, affecting the function of several immune cells. In the current review, we explore the contribution of the diverse immune cells in the progression of heart failure, revealing mechanistic functions for non-coding RNAs in cardiac immune cells as a new and exciting field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marida Sansonetti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon J De Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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24
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Bencze D, Fekete T, Pázmándi K. Type I Interferon Production of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells under Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084190. [PMID: 33919546 PMCID: PMC8072550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most powerful and multifaceted cytokines produced by immune cells are type I interferons (IFNs), the basal secretion of which contributes to the maintenance of immune homeostasis, while their activation-induced production is essential to effective immune responses. Although, each cell is capable of producing type I IFNs, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) possess a unique ability to rapidly produce large amounts of them. Importantly, type I IFNs have a prominent role in the pathomechanism of various pDC-associated diseases. Deficiency in type I IFN production increases the risk of more severe viral infections and the development of certain allergic reactions, and supports tumor resistance; nevertheless, its overproduction promotes autoimmune reactions. Therefore, the tight regulation of type I IFN responses of pDCs is essential to maintain an adequate level of immune response without causing adverse effects. Here, our goal was to summarize those endogenous factors that can influence the type I IFN responses of pDCs, and thus might serve as possible therapeutic targets in pDC-associated diseases. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the current therapeutic approaches targeting the pDC-type I IFN axis in viral infections, cancer, autoimmunity, and allergy, together with their limitations defined by the Janus-faced nature of pDC-derived type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-417-159
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25
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Papadaki C, Thomopoulou K, Monastirioti A, Koronakis G, Papadaki MA, Rounis K, Vamvakas L, Nikolaou C, Mavroudis D, Agelaki S. MicroRNAs Regulating Tumor and Immune Cell Interactions in the Prediction of Relapse in Early Stage Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040421. [PMID: 33924670 PMCID: PMC8069787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of immune response and hold an important role in tumor immune escape. We investigated the differential expression of the immunomodulatory miR-10b, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-126, and miR-155 in the plasma of healthy women and patients with early stage breast cancer and interrogated their role in the prediction of patients’ relapse. Blood samples were obtained from healthy women (n = 20) and patients with early stage breast cancer (n = 140) before adjuvant chemotherapy. Plasma miRNA expression levels were assessed by RT-qPCR. Relapse predicting models were developed using binary logistic regression and receiver operating curves (ROC) were constructed to determine miRNA sensitivity and specificity. Only miR-155 expression was lower in patients compared with healthy women (p = 0.023), whereas miR-155 and miR-10b were lower in patients who relapsed compared with healthy women (p = 0.039 and p = 0.002, respectively). MiR-155 expression combined with axillary lymph node infiltration and tumor grade demonstrated increased capability in distinguishing relapsed from non-relapsed patients [(area under the curve, (AUC = 0.861; p < 0.001)]. Combined miR-19a and miR-20a expression had the highest performance in discriminating patients with early relapse (AUC = 0.816; p < 0.001). Finally, miR-10b in combination with lymph node status and grade had the highest accuracy to discriminate patients with late relapse (AUC = 0.971; p < 0.001). The robustness of the relapse predicting models was further confirmed in a 10-fold cross validation. Deregulation of circulating miRNAs involved in tumor-immune interactions may predict relapse in early stage breast cancer. Their successful clinical integration could potentially address the significance challenge of treatment escalation or de-escalation according to the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chara Papadaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Crete, Greece; (C.P.); (A.M.); (M.A.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantina Thomopoulou
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Alexia Monastirioti
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Crete, Greece; (C.P.); (A.M.); (M.A.P.); (D.M.)
| | - George Koronakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Maria A. Papadaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Crete, Greece; (C.P.); (A.M.); (M.A.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Konstantinos Rounis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Lambros Vamvakas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Christoforos Nikolaou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Crete, Greece;
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Crete, Greece
- Biomedical Science Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Institute of Bioinnovation, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Crete, Greece; (C.P.); (A.M.); (M.A.P.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71003 Crete, Greece; (C.P.); (A.M.); (M.A.P.); (D.M.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Vassilika Vouton, 71110 Crete, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (K.R.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-281-039-2438
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26
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Bevacizumab regulates inflammatory cytokines and inhibits VEGFR2 signaling pathway in an ovalbumin-induced rat model of airway hypersensitivity. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:683-694. [PMID: 33742375 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bevacizumab with anti-angiogenesis properties reduces the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level and has widely been used to treat various diseases such as lung diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study, therefore, aimed to consider the effects of bevacizumab on VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and lung inflammation of the ovalbumin-induced rat model of airway hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 7 in each group): (1) control, (2) ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized, and (3) OVA-sensitized with bevacizumab (OVA + Bmab). Groups 2 and 3 were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide on days 1, 8 and challenged with OVA on day 15 by atomization for 10 days (inhalation). After OVA sensitization, the OVA + Bmab was treated with bevacizumab for 2 weeks. VEGFR2 was semiquantitatively analyzed in the lungs by immunohistochemistry. VEGF was measured in the lung tissue by ELISA method. The mRNA of IL-10 and IL-6 lung tissue were measured by real-time PCR. RESULTS Ovalbumin exposure promoted the expression of VEGF and resulted in inflammatory factors overexpression (p ≤ 0.05). However, rats in OVA + Bmab group showed significantly a decrease in VEGFR2 and IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and an increase in IL-10 (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION The results show that bevacizumab efficiently diminishes bronchial inflammation via reducing the expression of VEGFR2, and IL-6 genes and enhancing the expression of IL-10 gene. Hence, bevacizumab could be considered as a potential candidate drug to control pathological conditions relevant to airway hypersensitivity.
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27
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Implication of miR-126 and miR-139-5p in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dysregulation in Systemic Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030491. [PMID: 33573268 PMCID: PMC7866506 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence shows the involvement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis. This study investigated whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the dysregulation of pDCs in SSc patients already at early stages. RNA from circulating pDCs was isolated from two independent cohorts of SSc patients with different disease phenotypes, and individuals with Raynaud’s phenomenon, for microRNA profiling and RNA-sequencing analysis. Proteomic analysis was exploited to identify novel direct miRNA targets at the protein level. Twelve and fifteen miRNAs were differentially expressed in at least one group of patients compared to healthy controls in discovery cohort I and II, respectively. Of note, miR-126 and miR-139-5p were upregulated in both preclinical and definite SSc patients and correlated with the expression of type I interferon (IFN)-responsive genes. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) stimulation of healthy pDCs upregulated the expression of both miRNAs, similarly to what was observed in patients. The proteomic analysis identified USP24 as a novel target of miR-139-5p. The expression level of USP24 was inversely correlated with miR-139-5p expression in SSc patients and induced by TLR9 stimulation in healthy pDCs. These findings demonstrated that the miRNA profile is altered in pDCs of SSc patients already at early stages of the disease and indicate their potential contribution to pDC activation observed in patients.
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Liu J, Wei E, Wei J, Zhou W, Webster KA, Zhang B, Li D, Zhang G, Wei Y, Long Y, Qi X, Zhang Q, Xu D. MiR-126-HMGB1-HIF-1 Axis Regulates Endothelial Cell Inflammation during Exposure to Hypoxia-Acidosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:4933194. [PMID: 34970357 PMCID: PMC8714334 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4933194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between molecular regulators miR-126, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α), and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) contributes to the regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis in multiple physiological and pathophysiological settings. Here, we present evidence of an overriding role for miR-126 in the regulation of HMGB1 and its downstream proinflammatory effectors in endothelial cells subjected to hypoxia with concurrent acidosis (H/A). Methods. Primary mouse endothelial cells (PMEC) were exposed to hypoxia or H/A to simulate short or chronic low-flow ischemia, respectively. RT-qPCR quantified mRNA transcripts, and proteins were measured by western blot. ROS were quantified by fluorogenic ELISA and luciferase reporter assays employed to confirm an active miR-126 target in the HMGB1 3'UTR. Results. Enhanced expression of miR-126 in PMECs cultured under neutral hypoxia was suppressed under H/A, whereas the HMGB1 expression increased sequentially under both conditions. Enhanced expression of HMGB1 and downstream inflammation markers was blocked by the premiR-126 overexpression and optimized by antagomiR. Compared with neutral hypoxia, H/A suppressed the HIF-1α expression independently of miR-126. The results show that HMGB1 and downstream effectors are optimally induced by H/A relative to neutral hypoxia via crosstalk between hypoxia signaling, miR-126, and HIF-1α, whereas B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl2), a HIF-1α, and miR-126 regulated gene expressed optimally under neutral hypoxia. Conclusion. Inflammatory responses of ECs to H/A are dynamically regulated by the combined actions of hypoxia, miR-126, and HIF-1α on the master regulator HMGB1. The findings may be relevant to vascular diseases including atherosclerotic occlusion and interiors of plaque where coexisting hypoxia and acidosis promote inflammation as a defining etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Eileen Wei
- Gulliver High School, Miami, FL 33156, USA
| | - Jianqin Wei
- Department of Medicine Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Keith A. Webster
- Integene International, LLC, Miami, FL 33137, USA
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Everglades Biopharma, LLC, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit and Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Gaoxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen 529030, China
| | - Yidong Wei
- Department of Surgery, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Chengxiang Rd, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Yusheng Long
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiuyu Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qianhuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Chen Q, Chen S, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Xu L. MicroRNA-126: A new and promising player in lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:35. [PMID: 33262827 PMCID: PMC7693477 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors associated with cancer death; however, the mechanisms involved in lung tumor development have not been completely elucidated, which impedes the advancement of clinical diagnosis and therapy. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an important member of the microRNA family and is encoded by intron 7 of epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing gene 7. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that miR-126, as a distinct endothelial-enriched miRNA and new tumor suppressor gene, serves a promising role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of various types of cancer, including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma and lung cancer. In the present review, the current knowledge of the role of miR-126 in lung cancer growth, metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapy was summarized, which may provide new insights on the biological roles of miRNAsin lung cancer and facilitate the ultimate development of miRNA-based therapies in clinical patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Shuanghua Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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30
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Endothelial progenitor cells as the target for cardiovascular disease prediction, personalized prevention, and treatments: progressing beyond the state-of-the-art. EPMA J 2020; 11:629-643. [PMID: 33240451 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated by the leading mortalities of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), various types of cardiovascular biomaterials have been widely investigated in the past few decades. Although great therapeutic effects can be achieved by bare metal stents (BMS) and drug-eluting stents (DES) within months or years, the long-term complications such as late thrombosis and restenosis have limited their further applications. It is well accepted that rapid endothelialization is a promising approach to eliminate these complications. Convincing evidence has shown that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could be mobilized into the damaged vascular sites systemically and achieve endothelial repair in situ, which significantly contributes to the re-endothelialization process. Therefore, how to effectively capture EPCs via specific molecules immobilized on biomaterials is an important point to achieve rapid endothelialization. Further, in the context of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (PPPM), the abnormal number alteration of EPCs in circulating blood and certain inflammation responses can also serve as important indicators for predicting and preventing early cardiovascular disease. In this contribution, we mainly focused on the following sections: the definition and classification of EPCs, the mechanisms of EPCs in treating CVDs, the potential diagnostic role of EPCs in predicting CVDs, as well as the main strategies for cardiovascular biomaterials to capture EPCs.
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31
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Batra SK, Heier CR, Diaz-Calderon L, Tully CB, Fiorillo AA, van den Anker J, Conklin LS. Serum miRNAs Are Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers Associated With Therapeutic Response in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1597-1606. [PMID: 32793975 PMCID: PMC7500519 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with response to anti-TNF-α or glucocorticoids in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to generate candidate pharmacodynamic and monitoring biomarkers. METHODS Clinical response was assessed by Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index and Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction via Taqman Low-Density Array cards were used to identify miRNAs in a discovery cohort of responders (n = 11) and nonresponders (n = 8). Seven serum miRNAs associated with clinical response to treatment, along with 4 previously identified (miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-320a, miR-486), were selected for further study. Candidates were assessed in a validation cohort of serum samples from IBD patients pre- and post-treatment and from healthy controls. Expression of miRNA was also analyzed in inflamed mucosal biopsies from IBD patients and non-IBD controls. RESULTS Discovery cohort analysis identified 7 miRNAs associated with therapeutic response: 5 that decreased (miR-126, miR-454, miR-26b, miR-26a, let-7c) and 2 that increased (miR-636, miR-193b). In the validation cohort, 7 of 11 candidate miRNAs changed in the same direction with response to anti-TNF-α therapies, glucocorticoids, or both. In mucosal biopsies, 7 out of 11 miRNAs were significantly increased in IBD vs healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Five candidate miRNAs associated with clinical response and mucosal inflammation in pediatric IBD patients were identified (miR-126, let-7c, miR-146a, miR-146b, and miR-320a). These miRNAs may be further developed as pharmacodynamic and response monitoring biomarkers for use in clinical care and trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi K Batra
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher R Heier
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lina Diaz-Calderon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher B Tully
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alyson A Fiorillo
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA,Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John van den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laurie S Conklin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA,Address correspondence to: Laurie S. Conklin, MD, Children’s National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA. E-mail:
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32
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Zhang X, Wang X, Fan M, Tu F, Yang K, Ha T, Liu L, Kalbfleisch J, Williams D, Li C. Endothelial HSPA12B Exerts Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Severe Cardiomyopathy via Suppression of Adhesion Molecule Expression by miR-126. Front Immunol 2020; 11:566. [PMID: 32411123 PMCID: PMC7201039 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B) is predominately expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and has been reported to protect against cardiac dysfunction from endotoxemia or myocardial infarction. This study investigated the mechanisms by which endothelial HSPA12B protects polymicrobial sepsis–induced cardiomyopathy. Wild-type (WT) and endothelial HSPA12B knockout (HSPA12B–/–) mice were subjected to polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Cecal ligation and puncture sepsis accelerated mortality and caused severe cardiac dysfunction in HSPA12B–/– mice compared with WT septic mice. The levels of adhesion molecules and the infiltrated immune cells in the myocardium of HSPA12B–/– septic mice were markedly greater than in WT septic mice. The levels of microRNA-126 (miR-126), which targets adhesion molecules, in serum exosomes from HSPA12B–/– septic mice were significantly lower than in WT septic mice. Transfection of ECs with adenovirus expressing HSPA12B significantly increased miR-126 levels. Increased miR-126 levels in ECs prevented LPS-stimulated expression of adhesion molecules. In vivo delivery of miR-126 carried by exosomes into the myocardium of HSPA12B–/– mice significantly attenuated CLP sepsis increased levels of adhesion molecules, and improved CLP sepsis–induced cardiac dysfunction. The data suggest that HSPA12B protects against sepsis-induced severe cardiomyopathy via regulating miR-126 expression which targets adhesion molecules, thus decreasing the accumulation of immune cells in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Min Fan
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Fei Tu
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Tuanzhu Ha
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - John Kalbfleisch
- The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,Biometry and Medical Computing, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - David Williams
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,The Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
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Ekiz HA, Ramstead AG, Lee SH, Nelson MC, Bauer KM, Wallace JA, Hu R, Round JL, Rutter J, Drummond MJ, Rao DS, O'Connell RM. T Cell-Expressed microRNA-155 Reduces Lifespan in a Mouse Model of Age-Related Chronic Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:2064-2075. [PMID: 32161096 PMCID: PMC7325601 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related chronic inflammation is a risk factor for many human disorders through incompletely understood mechanisms. Aged mice deficient in microRNA (miRNA/miR)-146a succumb to life-shortening chronic inflammation. In this study, we report that miR-155 in T cells contributes to shortened lifespan of miR-146a-/- mice. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry, we found that miR-155 promotes the activation of effector T cell populations, including T follicular helper cells, and increases germinal center B cells and autoantibodies in mice aged over 15 months. Mechanistically, aerobic glycolysis genes are elevated in T cells during aging, and upon deletion of miR-146a, in a T cell miR-155-dependent manner. Finally, skewing T cell metabolism toward aerobic glycolysis by deleting mitochondrial pyruvate carrier recapitulates age-dependent T cell phenotypes observed in miR-146a-/- mice, revealing the sufficiency of metabolic reprogramming to influence immune cell functions during aging. Altogether, these data indicate that T cell-specific miRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating lifespan through their influences on inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Atakan Ekiz
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Andrew G Ramstead
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Soh-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Morgan C Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Kaylyn M Bauer
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Jared A Wallace
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Ruozhen Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - June L Round
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Jared Rutter
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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ElShelmani H, Wride MA, Saad T, Rani S, Kelly DJ, Keegan D. Identification of Novel Serum MicroRNAs in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:28. [PMID: 32818115 PMCID: PMC7396178 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify circulating microRNAs (miRNA) associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus differentially expressed serum miRNA could be used as AMD biomarkers. Methods This study involved total RNA isolation from sera from patients with atrophic AMD (n = 10), neovascular AMD (n = 10), and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 10). A total of 377 miRNAs were coanalyzed using array technologies, and differentially regulated miRNAs were determined. Extensive validation studies (n = 90) of serum from AMD patients and controls confirmed initial results. Total RNA isolation was carried out from sera from patients with atrophic AMD (n = 30), neovascular AMD (n = 30), and controls (n = 30). Fourteen miRNAs from the discovery dataset were coanalyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to validate their presence. Results Unsupervised hierarchical clustering indicated that AMD serum specimens have a different miRNA profile to healthy controls. We successfully identified and validated the differentially regulated miRNAs in serum from AMD patients versus controls. The biomarker potential of three miRNAs (miR-126, miR-19a, and miR-410) was confirmed by qRT-PCR, with significantly increased quantities in serum of AMD patients compared with healthy controls. Conclusions Increased quantities of miR-126, miR-410, and miR-19a in serum from AMD patients indicate that these miRNAs could potentially serve as diagnostic AMD biomarkers. All three miRNAs significantly correlated with AMD pathogenesis. Translational Relevance The discovery of new AMD miRNA may act as biomarkers in evaluating AMD diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan ElShelmani
- Ocular Development and Neurobiology Research Group, Zoology Department, School of Natural Sciences, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael A Wride
- Ocular Development and Neurobiology Research Group, Zoology Department, School of Natural Sciences, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tahira Saad
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sweta Rani
- Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - David J Kelly
- Zoology Department, School of Natural Sciences, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Keegan
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Du X, Liu L, Li Q, Zhang L, Pan Z, Li Q. NORFA, long intergenic noncoding RNA, maintains sow fertility by inhibiting granulosa cell death. Commun Biol 2020; 3:131. [PMID: 32188888 PMCID: PMC7080823 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been proved to be involved in regulating female reproduction. However, to what extent lincRNAs are involved in ovarian functions and fertility is incompletely understood. Here we show that a lincRNA, NORFA is involved in granulosa cell apoptosis, follicular atresia and sow fertility. We found that NORFA was down-regulated during follicular atresia, and inhibited granulosa cell apoptosis. NORFA directly interacted with miR-126 and thereby preventing it from binding to TGFBR2 3'-UTR. miR-126 enhanced granulosa cell apoptosis by attenuating NORFA-induced TGF-β signaling pathway. Importantly, a breed-specific 19-bp duplication was detected in NORFA promoter, which proved association with sow fertility through enhancing transcription activity of NORFA by recruiting transcription factor NFIX. In summary, our findings identified a candidate lincRNA for sow prolificacy, and provided insights into the mechanism of follicular atresia and female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
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Abstract
Several viral vector-based gene therapy drugs have now received marketing approval. A much larger number of additional viral vectors are in various stages of clinical trials for the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases, with many more in pre-clinical testing. Efficiency of gene transfer and ability to provide long-term therapy make these vector systems very attractive. In fact, viral vector gene therapy has been able to treat or even cure diseases for which there had been no or only suboptimal treatments. However, innate and adaptive immune responses to these vectors and their transgene products constitute substantial hurdles to clinical development and wider use in patients. This review provides an overview of the type of immune responses that have been documented in animal models and in humans who received gene transfer with one of three widely tested vector systems, namely adenoviral, lentiviral, or adeno-associated viral vectors. Particular emphasis is given to mechanisms leading to immune responses, efforts to reduce vector immunogenicity, and potential solutions to the problems. At the same time, we point out gaps in our knowledge that should to be filled and problems that need to be addressed going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Shirley
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts, Worchester, MA, USA
| | - Ype P de Jong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cox Terhorst
- Division of Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Liang H, Xu Y. Overexpression of microRNA-216a-3p Accelerates the Inflammatory Response in Cardiomyocytes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Targeting IFN-α2. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:522340. [PMID: 33329376 PMCID: PMC7729074 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.522340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, hyperglycemia-associated, metabolic disorder. Heart disease is a major complication of T2DM. The present study aimed to explore the effects of miR-216a-3p on cardiomyocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation in T2DM through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway involving interferon-α2 (IFN-α2) mediation. Methods: T2DM was induced in rats by a high-fat diet, in combination with an intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin. ELISAs were conducted to measure inflammatory-related factors in serum. Next, isolated cardiomyocytes were used in loss- and gain-of-function experiments, followed by MTT and flow cytometry assays, conducted to evaluate cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Results: Our results revealed an increase in the inflammatory response in T2DM rat models, accompanied by significantly increased expression of miR-216a-3p and TLR pathway-related genes. However, a decrease in the expression of IFN-α2 was observed. Moreover, the presence of an miR-216a-3p inhibitor and si-IFN-α2 increased the expression of TLR pathway-related genes and cell apoptosis, whereas cell proliferation was significantly decreased in the cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: We found that in T2DM, miR-216a-3p inhibited the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and generated an inflammatory response through activation of the TLR pathway and targeting of IFN-α2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Liu
- The 2nd Ward, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Imaging Center, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Department of Health Care, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- The 2nd Ward, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
- *Correspondence: Yanchao Xu
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Fuchs SP, Martinez-Navio JM, Rakasz EG, Gao G, Desrosiers RC. Liver-Directed but Not Muscle-Directed AAV-Antibody Gene Transfer Limits Humoral Immune Responses in Rhesus Monkeys. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 16:94-102. [PMID: 31890736 PMCID: PMC6923507 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A number of publications have described the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) for the delivery of anti-HIV and anti-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to rhesus monkeys. Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) have been frequently observed, and long-term AAV-mediated delivery has been inconsistent. Here, we investigated different AAV vector strategies and delivery schemes to rhesus monkeys using the rhesus monkey mAb 4L6. We compared 4L6 immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) delivery using the AAV1 versus the AAV8 serotype with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter and the use of a muscle-specific versus a liver-specific promoter. Long-term expression levels of 4L6 IgG1 following AAV8-mediated gene transfer were comparable to those following AAV1-mediated gene transfer. AAV1-mediated gene transfer, using a muscle-specific promoter, showed robust ADAs and transiently low 4L6 IgG1 levels that ultimately declined to below detectable levels. Intravenous AAV8-mediated gene transfer, using a liver-specific promoter, also resulted in low levels of delivered 4L6 IgG1, but those low levels were maintained in the absence of any detectable ADAs. Booster injections using AAV1-CMV allowed for increased 4L6 IgG1 serum levels in animals that were primed with AAV8 but not with AAV1. Our results suggest that liver-directed expression may help to limit ADAs and that re-administration of AAV of a different serotype can result in successful long-term delivery of an immunogenic antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Fuchs
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - José M Martinez-Navio
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Eva G Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ronald C Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Amon L, Lehmann CHK, Baranska A, Schoen J, Heger L, Dudziak D. Transcriptional control of dendritic cell development and functions. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 349:55-151. [PMID: 31759434 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are major regulators of adaptive immunity, as they are not only capable to induce efficient immune responses, but are also crucial to maintain peripheral tolerance and thereby inhibit autoimmune reactions. DCs bridge the innate and the adaptive immune system by presenting peptides of self and foreign antigens as peptide MHC complexes to T cells. These properties render DCs as interesting target cells for immunomodulatory therapies in cancer, but also autoimmune diseases. Several subsets of DCs with special properties and functions have been described. Recent achievements in understanding transcriptional programs on single cell level, together with the generation of new murine models targeting specific DC subsets, advanced our current understanding of DC development and function. Thus, DCs arise from precursor cells in the bone marrow with distinct progenitor cell populations splitting the monocyte populations and macrophage populations from the DC lineage, which upon lineage commitment can be separated into conventional cDC1, cDC2, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). The DC populations harbor intrinsic programs enabling them to react for specific pathogens in dependency on the DC subset, and thereby orchestrate T cell immune responses. Similarities, but also varieties, between human and murine DC subpopulations are challenging, and will require further investigation of human specimens under consideration of the influence of the tissue micromilieu and DC subset localization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Baranska
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Martinez-Navio JM, Fuchs SP, Pantry SN, Lauer WA, Duggan NN, Keele BF, Rakasz EG, Gao G, Lifson JD, Desrosiers RC. Adeno-Associated Virus Delivery of Anti-HIV Monoclonal Antibodies Can Drive Long-Term Virologic Suppression. Immunity 2019; 50:567-575.e5. [PMID: 30850342 PMCID: PMC6457122 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Long-term delivery of anti-HIV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors holds promise for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection. We describe a therapy trial in which four rhesus monkeys were infected with SHIV-AD8 for 86 weeks before receiving the AAV-encoded mAbs 3BNC117, 10-1074, and 10E8. Although anti-drug antibody (ADA) responses restricted mAb delivery, one monkey successfully maintained 50-150 μg/mL of 3BNC117 and 10-1074 for over 2 years. Delivery of these two mAbs to this monkey resulted in an abrupt decline in plasma viremia, which remained undetectable for 38 successive measurements over 3 years. We generated two more examples of virologic suppression using AAV delivery of a cocktail of four mAbs in a 12-monkey study. Our results provide proof of concept for AAV-delivered mAbs to produce a "functional cure." However, they also serve as a warning that ADAs may be a problem for practical application of this approach in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Martinez-Navio
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sebastian P Fuchs
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shara N Pantry
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - William A Lauer
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Natasha N Duggan
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Brandon F Keele
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Eva G Rakasz
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald C Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
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Zhou Q, Yu B, Anderson C, Huang ZP, Hanus J, Zhang W, Han Y, Bhattacharjee PS, Srinivasan S, Zhang K, Wang DZ, Wang S. LncEGFL7OS regulates human angiogenesis by interacting with MAX at the EGFL7/miR-126 locus. eLife 2019; 8:e40470. [PMID: 30741632 PMCID: PMC6370342 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to identify human endothelial cell (EC)-enriched lncRNAs,~500 lncRNAs were shown to be highly restricted in primary human ECs. Among them, lncEGFL7OS, located in the opposite strand of the EGFL7/miR-126 gene, is regulated by ETS factors through a bidirectional promoter in ECs. It is enriched in highly vascularized human tissues, and upregulated in the hearts of dilated cardiomyopathy patients. LncEGFL7OS silencing impairs angiogenesis as shown by EC/fibroblast co-culture, in vitro/in vivo and ex vivo human choroid sprouting angiogenesis assays, while lncEGFL7OS overexpression has the opposite function. Mechanistically, lncEGFL7OS is required for MAPK and AKT pathway activation by regulating EGFL7/miR-126 expression. MAX protein was identified as a lncEGFL7OS-interacting protein that functions to regulate histone acetylation in the EGFL7/miR-126 promoter/enhancer. CRISPR-mediated targeting of EGLF7/miR-126/lncEGFL7OS locus inhibits angiogenesis, inciting therapeutic potential of targeting this locus. Our study establishes lncEGFL7OS as a human/primate-specific EC-restricted lncRNA critical for human angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbo Zhou
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Chastain Anderson
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of CardiologyBoston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jakub Hanus
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Computer ScienceXavier UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Yu Han
- Aab Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterUnited States
| | | | - Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahomaUnited States
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Computer ScienceXavier UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Da-zhi Wang
- Department of CardiologyBoston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
- Department of OphthalmologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
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Xu H, Xu SJ, Xie SJ, Zhang Y, Yang JH, Zhang WQ, Zheng MN, Zhou H, Qu LH. MicroRNA-122 supports robust innate immunity in hepatocytes by targeting the RTKs/STAT3 signaling pathway. eLife 2019; 8:41159. [PMID: 30735121 PMCID: PMC6389286 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is the most abundant microRNA in hepatocytes and a central player in liver biology and disease. Herein, we report a previously unknown role for miR-122 in hepatocyte intrinsic innate immunity. Restoration of miR-122 levels in hepatoma cells markedly enhanced the activation of interferons (IFNs) in response to a variety of viral nucleic acids or simulations, especially in response to hepatitis C virus RNA and poly (I:C). Mechanistically, miR-122 downregulated the phosphorylation (Tyr705) of STAT3, thereby removing the negative regulation of STAT3 on IFN-signaling. STAT3 represses IFN expression by inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), whereas miR-122 targets MERTK, FGFR1 and IGF1R, three receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that directly promote STAT3 phosphorylation. This work identifies a miR-122–RTKs/STAT3–IRF1–IFNs regulatory circuitry, which may play a pivotal role in regulating hepatocyte innate immunity. These findings renewed our knowledge of miR-122’s function and have important implications for the treatment of hepatitis viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Juan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man-Ni Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Hu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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43
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Merlin S, Follenzi A. Transcriptional Targeting and MicroRNA Regulation of Lentiviral Vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 12:223-232. [PMID: 30775404 PMCID: PMC6365353 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression regulation is the result of complex interactions between transcriptional and post-transcriptional controls, resulting in cell-type-specific gene expression patterns that are determined by the developmental and differentiation stage of pathophysiological conditions. Understanding the complexity of gene expression regulatory networks is fundamental to gene therapy, an approach which has the potential to treat and cure inherited disorders by delivering the correct gene to patient specific cells or tissues by means of both viral and non-viral vectors. Besides the issues of biosafety, in recent years efforts have focused on achieving a robust and sustained transgene expression, which attains a phenotypic correction in several diseases, while avoiding transgene-related adverse effects, such as overexpression-associated cytotoxicity and/or immune responses to the transgene. In this sense, the use of cell-type-specific promoters and microRNA target sequences (miRTs) in gene transfer expression cassettes have allowed for a restricted expression after gene transfer in several studies. This review will focus on the use of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation to achieve a highly specific and safe transgene expression, as well as their application in ex vivo and in vivo gene therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Merlin
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Antonia Follenzi
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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44
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Reis M, Mavin E, Nicholson L, Green K, Dickinson AM, Wang XN. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Dendritic Cell Maturation and Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2538. [PMID: 30473695 PMCID: PMC6237916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are potent regulators of immune responses largely through paracrine signaling. MSC secreted extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are increasingly recognized as the key paracrine factors responsible for the biological and therapeutic function of MSCs. We report the first comprehensive study demonstrating the immunomodulatory effect of MSC-EVs on dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function. MSC-EVs were isolated from MSC conditioned media using differential ultracentrifugation. Human monocyte-derived DCs were generated in the absence or presence of MSC-EVs (20 ug/ml) then subjected to phenotypic and functional analysis in vitro. MSC-EV treatment impaired antigen uptake by immature DCs and halted DC maturation resulting in reduced expression of the maturation and activation markers CD83, CD38, and CD80, decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12p70 and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β. MSC-EV treated DCs also demonstrated a diminished CCR 7 expression after LPS stimulation, coupled with a significantly reduced ability to migrate toward the CCR7-ligand CCL21, although they were still able to stimulate allogeneic T cell proliferation in vitro. Through microRNA profiling we have identified 49 microRNAs, which were significantly enriched in MSC-EVs compared to their parent MSCs. MicroRNAs with known effect on DC maturation and functions, including miR-21-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-223-3p, and miR-126-3p, were detected within the top 10 most enriched miRNAs in MSC-EVs, with MiR-21-5p as the third highest expressed miRNA in MSC-EVs. In silico analysis revealed that miR-21-5p targets the CCR7 gene for degradation. To verify these observations, DCs were transfected with miR-21-5p mimics and analyzed for their ability to migrate toward the CCR7-ligand CCL21 in vitro. MiR-21-5p mimic transfected DCs showed a clear trend of reduced CCR7 expression and a significantly decreased migratory ability toward the CCL21. Our findings suggest that MSC-EVs are able to recapitulate MSC mediated DC modulation and MSC-EV enclosed microRNAs may represent a novel mechanism through which MSCs modulate DC functions. As MSCs are currently used in clinical trials to treat numerous diseases associated with immune dysregulation, such as graft-versus-host disease and inflammatory bowel disease, our data provide novel evidence to inform potential future application of MSC-EVs as a cell-free therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Reis
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Mavin
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay Nicholson
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kile Green
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anne M Dickinson
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Nong Wang
- Haematological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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45
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Driedonks TAP, van der Grein SG, Ariyurek Y, Buermans HPJ, Jekel H, Chow FWN, Wauben MHM, Buck AH, 't Hoen PAC, Nolte-'t Hoen ENM. Immune stimuli shape the small non-coding transcriptome of extracellular vesicles released by dendritic cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3857-3875. [PMID: 29808415 PMCID: PMC6154026 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The release and uptake of nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EV) is a highly conserved means of intercellular communication. The molecular composition of EV, and thereby their signaling function to target cells, is regulated by cellular activation and differentiation stimuli. EV are regarded as snapshots of cells and are, therefore, in the limelight as biomarkers for disease. Although research on EV-associated RNA has predominantly focused on microRNAs, the transcriptome of EV consists of multiple classes of small non-coding RNAs with potential gene-regulatory functions. It is not known whether environmental cues imposed on cells induce specific changes in a broad range of EV-associated RNA classes. Here, we investigated whether immune-activating or -suppressing stimuli imposed on primary dendritic cells affected the release of various small non-coding RNAs via EV. The small RNA transcriptomes of highly pure EV populations free from ribonucleoprotein particles were analyzed by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Immune stimulus-specific changes were found in the miRNA, snoRNA, and Y-RNA content of EV from dendritic cells, whereas tRNA and snRNA levels were much less affected. Only part of the changes in EV-RNA content reflected changes in cellular RNA, which urges caution in interpreting EV as snapshots of cells. By comprehensive analysis of RNA obtained from highly purified EV, we demonstrate that multiple RNA classes contribute to genetic messages conveyed via EV. The identification of multiple RNA classes that display cell stimulation-dependent association with EV is the prelude to unraveling the function and biomarker potential of these EV-RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom A P Driedonks
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne G van der Grein
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yavuz Ariyurek
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Genome Technology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk P J Buermans
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Genome Technology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henrike Jekel
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Franklin W N Chow
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marca H M Wauben
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amy H Buck
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biomolecular and Molecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Fischer T, Spohn M, Olearo F, Zinser ME, Kasonta R, Stubbe HC, Rechtien A, Ly ML, Schmiedel S, Lohse AW, Grundhoff A, Addo MM, Dahlke C. Dynamic changes of circulating miRNAs induced by the Ebola virus vaccine VSV-EBOV. Vaccine 2018; 36:7083-7094. [PMID: 30244872 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
VSV-EBOV is a replication-competent Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine, which was tested in clinical trials as response to the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak 2013-2016. It is the most advanced EBOV candidate currently in the licensure process. The experimental vaccine was again administered as response to outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo. However, underlying molecular mechanisms that convey protection remain incompletely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known key regulators that influence gene expression on a post-transcriptional level. The miRNA-mediated control has emerged as a critical regulatory principle in the immune system, which strongly influences the balance of innate and adaptive immune responses by modulation of signaling pathways critical for differentiation of immune cells. We investigated expression levels of circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) in plasma from healthy vaccinees, as they may reflect cellular dynamics following VSV-EBOV immunization and additionally may serve as potential biomarkers for vaccine efficacy. As part of the WHO-led VEBCON consortium, we investigated safety and immunogenicity of VSV-EBOV in a phase I trial. A comprehensive analysis of expression levels on c-miRNAs from plasma samples following VSV-EBOV immunization (day 0, 1, 3 post vaccination) was conducted using RT-qPCR assays. Potential biological relevance was assessed using in silico analyses. Additionally, we correlated dynamics of miRNA expressions with our previously reported data on vaccine-induced antibody and cytokine responses and finally evaluated the prognostic power by generating ROC curves. We identified four promising miRNAs (hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-126, hsa-miR-199a, hsa-miR-484), showing a strong association with adaptive immune responses, exhibited favourable prognostic performance and are implicated in immunology-related functions. Our results provide evidence that miRNAs may serve as useful biomarkers for prediction of vaccine-induced immunogenicity. Furthermore, our unique data set provides insight into molecular mechanisms that underlie VSV-EBOV-mediated protective immune responses, which may help to decipher VSV-EBOV immune signature and accelerate strategic vaccine design or personalized approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fischer
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - M Spohn
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Olearo
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M E Zinser
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Rahel Kasonta
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - H C Stubbe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - A Rechtien
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M L Ly
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Division of Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Schmiedel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Division of Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A W Lohse
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - A Grundhoff
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - M M Addo
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Division of Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - C Dahlke
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 1st Department of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Division of Infectious Diseases, Hamburg, Germany.
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47
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A Single Locus Controls Interferon Gamma-Independent Antiretroviral Neutralizing Antibody Responses. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00725-18. [PMID: 29875252 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00725-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential step in the development of effective antiviral humoral responses is cytokine-triggered class switch recombination resulting in the production of antibodies of a specific isotype. Most viral and parasitic infections in mice induce predominantly IgG2a-specific antibody responses that are stimulated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ). However, in some mice deficient in IFN-γ, class switching to IgG2a antibodies is relatively unaffected, indicating that another signal(s) can be generated upon viral or parasitic infections that trigger this response. Here, we found that a single recessive locus, provisionally called IFN-γ-independent IgG2a (Igii), confers the ability to produce IFN-γ-independent production of IgG2a antibodies upon retroviral infection. The Igii locus was mapped to chromosome 9 and was found to function in the radiation-resistant compartment. Thus, our data implicate nonhematopoietic cells in activation of antiviral antibody responses in the absence of IFN-γ.IMPORTANCE Understanding the signals that stimulate antibody production and class switch recombination to specific antibody isotypes is crucial for the development of novel vaccines and adjuvants. While an interferon gamma-mediated switch to the IgG2a isotype upon viral infection in mice has been well established, this investigation reveals a noncanonical, interferon gamma-independent pathway for antiretroviral antibody production and IgG2a class switch recombination that is controlled by a single recessive locus. Furthermore, this study indicates that the radiation-resistant compartment can direct antiviral antibody responses, suggesting that detection of infection by nonhematopoietic cells is involved is stimulating adaptive immunity.
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48
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MicroRNAs and immunity in periodontal health and disease. Int J Oral Sci 2018; 10:24. [PMID: 30078842 PMCID: PMC6080405 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-018-0025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of the host immune and inflammatory response against bacterial pathogens. In the present review, we discuss target genes, target gene functions, the potential regulatory role of miRNAs in periodontal tissues, and the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics. In periodontal disease, miRNAs exert control over all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity, including the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and T and B cells. Previous human studies have highlighted some key miRNAs that are dysregulated in periodontitis patients. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs that were altered in our reproducible periodontitis mouse model relative to control animals. The miRNAs that were upregulated as a result of periodontal disease in both human and mouse studies included miR-15a, miR-29b, miR-125a, miR-146a, miR-148/148a and miR-223, whereas miR-92 was downregulated. The association of individual miRNAs with unique aspects of periodontal disease and their stability in gingival crevicular fluid underscores their potential as markers for periodontal disease progression or healthy restitution. Moreover, miRNA therapeutics hold great promise for the future of periodontal therapy because of their ability to modulate the immune response to infection when applied in conjunction with synthetic antagomirs and/or relatively straightforward delivery strategies.
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49
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Epigenetic regulation of Toll-like receptors and its roles in type 1 diabetes. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:741-751. [PMID: 30003291 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The immune system can be divided into adaptive immunity and innate immunity. Adaptive immunity has been confirmed to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the role of innate immunity in T1D has only been studied recently. T1D is caused by selective autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet β cells. A series of studies have suggested that TLRs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of T1D. Aberrant TLR signaling will change immune homeostasis and result in immunopathological conditions such as endotoxin shock and autoimmune responses. Thus, TLR signaling pathways are supposed to be strictly and finely regulated. Epigenetics has recently been proven to be a new regulator of TLR expression. DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs are the three main epigenetic modifications. This review will mainly focus on these epigenetic mechanisms of regulation of TLRs and the role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of T1D.
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50
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The Involvement of MicroRNAs in Modulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4126106. [PMID: 29854836 PMCID: PMC5964414 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4126106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), represent a family of RNA molecules that do not translate into protein. Nevertheless, they have the ability to regulate gene expression and play an essential role in immune cell differentiation and function. MicroRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in various tissues, and changes in their expression have been associated with several pathological processes. Yet, their roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) remain to be elucidated. Both SLE and LN are characterized by a complex dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, significant findings have been made in understanding SLE through the use of genetic variant identification and expression pattern analysis and mouse models, as well as epigenetic analyses. Abnormalities in immune cell responses, cytokine and chemokine production, cell activation, and apoptosis have been linked to a unique expression pattern of a number of miRNAs that have been implicated in the immune pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease. The recent evidence that significantly increased the understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE drives a renewed interest in efficient therapy targets. This review aims at providing an overview of the current state of research on the expression and role of miRNAs in the immune pathogenesis of SLE and LN.
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