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Doll L, Welte K, Skokowa J, Bajoghli B. A JAGN1-associated severe congenital neutropenia zebrafish model revealed an altered G-CSFR signaling and UPR activation. Blood Adv 2024; 8:4050-4065. [PMID: 38739706 PMCID: PMC11342096 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT A variety of autosomal recessive mutations in the JAGN1 gene cause severe congenital neutropenia (CN). However, the underlying pathomechanism remains poorly understood, mainly because of the limited availability of primary hematopoietic stem cells from JAGN1-CN patients and the absence of animal models. In this study, we aimed to address these limitations by establishing a zebrafish model of JAGN1-CN. We found 2 paralogs of the human JAGN1 gene, namely jagn1a and jagn1b, which play distinct roles during zebrafish hematopoiesis. Using various approaches such as morpholino-based knockdown, CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing, and misexpression of a jagn1b harboring a specific human mutation, we successfully developed neutropenia while leaving other hematopoietic lineages unaffected. Further analysis of our model revealed significant upregulation of apoptosis and genes involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, neither UPR nor apoptosis is the primary mechanism that leads to neutropenia in zebrafish. Instead, Jagn1b has a critical role in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling and steady-state granulopoiesis, shedding light on the pathogenesis of neutropenia associated with JAGN1 mutations. The establishment of a zebrafish model for JAGN1-CN represents a significant advancement in understanding the specific pathologic pathways underlying the disease. This model provides a valuable in vivo tool for further investigation and exploration of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Doll
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Gene and RNA Therapy Center, Tuebingen University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajoghli
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Austrian BioImaging/CMI, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Shaikh I, Bhatt LK. Targeting Adipokines: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04219-4. [PMID: 39060767 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy affects 65 million people globally and causes neurobehavioral, cognitive, and psychological defects. Although research on the disease is progressing and a wide range of treatments are available, approximately 30% of people have refractory epilepsy that cannot be managed with conventional medications. This underlines the importance of further understanding the condition and exploring cutting-edge targets for treatment. Adipokines are peptides secreted by adipocyte's white adipose tissue, involved in controlling food intake and metabolism. Their regulatory functions in the central nervous system (CNS) are multifaceted and identified in several physiology and pathologies. Adipokines play a role in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation which are associated with brain degeneration and connected neurological diseases. This review aims to highlight the potential impacts of leptin, adiponectin, apelin, vaspin, visfatin, and chimerin in the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqraa Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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3
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Thind MK, Miraglia E, Ling C, Khan MA, Glembocki A, Bourdon C, ChenMi Y, Palaniyar N, Glogauer M, Bandsma RHJ, Farooqui A. Mitochondrial perturbations in low-protein-diet-fed mice are associated with altered neutrophil development and effector functions. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114493. [PMID: 39028622 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe malnutrition is associated with infections, namely lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), diarrhea, and sepsis, and underlies the high risk of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age. Dysregulations in neutrophil responses in the acute phase of infection are speculated to underlie these severe adverse outcomes; however, very little is known about their biology in this context. Here, in a lipopolysaccharide-challenged low-protein diet (LPD) mouse model, as a model of malnutrition, we show that protein deficiency disrupts neutrophil mitochondrial dynamics and ATP generation to obstruct the neutrophil differentiation cascade. This promotes the accumulation of atypical immature neutrophils that are incapable of optimal antimicrobial response and, in turn, exacerbate systemic pathogen spread and the permeability of the alveolocapillary membrane with the resultant lung damage. Thus, this perturbed response may contribute to higher mortality risk in malnutrition. We also offer a nutritional therapeutic strategy, nicotinamide, to boost neutrophil-mediated immunity in LPD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehakpreet K Thind
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emiliano Miraglia
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Catriona Ling
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meraj A Khan
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aida Glembocki
- Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Celine Bourdon
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - YueYing ChenMi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nades Palaniyar
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert H J Bandsma
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Amber Farooqui
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya.
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Huang Y, Niu Y, Wang X, Li X, He Y, Liu X. Identification of novel biomarkers related to neutrophilic inflammation in COPD. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1410158. [PMID: 38873611 PMCID: PMC11169582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1410158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases and the fourth cause of mortality globally. Neutrophilic inflammation has a vital role in the occurrence and progression of COPD. This study aimed to identify the novel hub genes involved in neutrophilic inflammation in COPD through bioinformatic prediction and experimental validation. Methods Both the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset (GSE173896) and the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) dataset (GSE57148) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Seurat package was used for quality control, dimensions reduction, and cell identification of scRNA-seq. The irGSEA package was used for scoring individual cells. The Monocle2 package was used for the trajectory analysis of neutrophils. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used for analysis of immune cell infiltration in the lungs of COPD patients and controls in RNA-seq dataset, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) correlated gene modules with neutrophil infiltration. The Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis explored the causal relationship between feature DEGs and COPD. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of novel hub genes was constructed, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate novel hub genes in clinical specimens. Results In scRNA-seq, the gene sets upregulated in COPD samples were related to the neutrophilic inflammatory response and TNF-α activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In RNA-seq, immune infiltration analysis showed neutrophils were upregulated in COPD lung tissue. We combined data from differential and modular genes and identified 51 differential genes associated with neutrophilic inflammation. Using MR analysis, 6 genes were explored to be causally associated with COPD. Meanwhile, 11 hub genes were identified by PPI network analysis, and all of them were upregulated. qRT-PCR experiments validated 9 out of 11 genes in peripheral blood leukocytes of COPD patients. Furthermore, 5 genes negatively correlated with lung function in COPD patients. Finally, a network of transcription factors for NAMPT and PTGS2 was constructed. Conclusion This study identified nine novel hub genes related to the neutrophilic inflammation in COPD, and two genes were risk factors of COPD, which may serve as potential biomarkers for the clinical severity of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanzhou He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of National Health Commission, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Semerena E, Nencioni A, Masternak K. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: role in disease pathophysiology and as a biomarker. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268756. [PMID: 37915565 PMCID: PMC10616597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a central role in mammalian cell metabolism by contributing to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. However, NAMPT activity is not limited to the intracellular compartment, as once secreted, the protein accomplishes diverse functions in the extracellular space. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT, also called visfatin or pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor) has been shown to possess adipocytokine, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Numerous studies have reported the association between elevated levels of circulating eNAMPT and various inflammatory and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung injury and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on eNAMPT biology, proposed roles in disease pathogenesis, and its potential as a disease biomarker. We also briefly discuss the emerging therapeutic approaches for eNAMPT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Semerena
- Light Chain Bioscience - Novimmune SA, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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Fajardo-Orduña GR, Ledesma-Martínez E, Aguiñiga-Sanchez I, Weiss-Steider B, Santiago-Osorio E. Role of SIRT1 in Chemoresistant Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14470. [PMID: 37833921 PMCID: PMC10573076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemias of the AML, CML, and CLL types are the most common blood cancers worldwide, making them a major global public health problem. Furthermore, less than 24% of patients treated with conventional chemotherapy (low-risk patients) and 10-15% of patients ineligible for conventional chemotherapy (high-risk patients) survive five years. The low levels of survival are mainly due to toxicity and resistance to chemotherapy or other medication, the latter leading to relapse of the disease, which is the main obstacle to the treatment of leukemia. Drug resistance may include different molecular mechanisms, among which epigenetic regulators are involved. Silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is an epigenetic factor belonging to the sirtuin (SIRT) family known to regulate aspects of chromatin biology, genome stability, and metabolism, both in homeostasis processes and in different diseases, including cancer. The regulatory functions of SIRT1 in different biological processes and molecular pathways are dependent on the type and stage of the neoplasia; thus, it may act as both an oncogenic and tumor suppressor factor and may also participate in drug resistance. In this review, we explore the role of SIRT1 in drug-resistant leukemia and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Rosario Fajardo-Orduña
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.R.F.-O.)
| | - Edgar Ledesma-Martínez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.R.F.-O.)
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sanchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.R.F.-O.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 56410, Mexico
| | - Benny Weiss-Steider
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.R.F.-O.)
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.R.F.-O.)
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Willemsen M, Barber JS, Nieuwenhove EV, Staels F, Gerbaux M, Neumann J, Prezzemolo T, Pasciuto E, Lagou V, Boeckx N, Filtjens J, De Visscher A, Matthys P, Schrijvers R, Tousseyn T, O'Driscoll M, Bucciol G, Schlenner S, Meyts I, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. Homozygous DBF4 mutation as a cause of severe congenital neutropenia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:266-277. [PMID: 36841265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe congenital neutropenia presents with recurrent infections early in life as a result of arrested granulopoiesis. Multiple genetic defects are known to block granulocyte differentiation; however, a genetic cause remains unknown in approximately 40% of cases. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize a patient with severe congenital neutropenia and syndromic features without a genetic diagnosis. METHODS Whole exome sequencing results were validated using flow cytometry, Western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative PCR, cell cycle and proliferation analysis of lymphocytes and fibroblasts and granulocytic differentiation of primary CD34+ and HL-60 cells. RESULTS We identified a homozygous missense mutation in DBF4 in a patient with mild extra-uterine growth retardation, facial dysmorphism and severe congenital neutropenia. DBF4 is the regulatory subunit of the CDC7 kinase, together known as DBF4-dependent kinase (DDK), the complex essential for DNA replication initiation. The DBF4 variant demonstrated impaired ability to bind CDC7, resulting in decreased DDK-mediated phosphorylation, defective S-phase entry and progression and impaired differentiation of granulocytes associated with activation of the p53-p21 pathway. The introduction of wild-type DBF4 into patient CD34+ cells rescued the promyelocyte differentiation arrest. CONCLUSION Hypomorphic DBF4 mutation causes autosomal-recessive severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Willemsen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John S Barber
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Staels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margaux Gerbaux
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Pediatric Department, Academic Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julika Neumann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Teresa Prezzemolo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nancy Boeckx
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessica Filtjens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Amber De Visscher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuve, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Tousseyn
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Human DNA Damage Response Disorders Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven
| | - Susan Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven.
| | - Stephanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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Yang N, Sun R, Zhang X, Wang J, Wang L, Zhu H, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ge C, He J, Wang M. Alternative pathway of bile acid biosynthesis contributes to ameliorate NASH after induction of NAMPT/NAD +/SIRT1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114987. [PMID: 37315437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as a serious liver disorder characterized by hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT1, play important roles in lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their effects on liver inflammation and homeostasis of bile acids (BAs), the extensively proved pathophysiological actors in NASH, have not been fully understood. NASH animal model was induced by a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in C57BL/6J mice and intraperitoneally injected with NAD+ precursor, an agonist of upstream rate-limiting enzyme NAMPT or downstream SIRT1, or their vehicle solvents. Free fatty acid (FFA) was applied to HepG2 cells to construct the cell model. Induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis could remarkably alleviate the aggravated inflammation in the liver of NASH mice, accompanied by decreased levels of total BAs throughout the enterohepatic system and a switch of BA synthesis from the classic pathway to the alternative pathway, resulting in less production of pro-inflammatory 12-OH BAs. The expressions of key enzymes including cyp7a1, cyp8b1, cyp27a1 and cyp7b1 in BA synthesis were significantly modulated after NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis induction in both animal and cell models. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver were significantly negatively correlated with the intermediates in NAD+ metabolism, which may also be related to their regulation on BA homeostasis. Our results indicated that induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NASH or its complications related with BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun He
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Ni J, Zhang J, Liu J, Fan L, Lin X, Yu H, Sun G. Exosomal NAMPT from chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells orchestrate monocyte survival and phenotype under endoplasmic reticulum stress. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:61-70. [PMID: 36321597 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported to be transmitted from tumor cells to immune cells via exosome and implicated in immune escape. However, the influence of ER stress on monocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells is largely unknown. Here, we observed the expression of ER stress markers (GRP78, ATF6, PERK, IRE1a, and XBP1s) in CLL cells. The increasing mRNA expression of these ER stress response components was positively correlated with more aggressive disease. Exosome from ER stress inducer tunicamycin (TM)-primed CLL cells (ERS-exo) up-regulated the expression of ER stress marker on monocytes, indicating ER stress is transmissible in vitro via exosome. Treatment with ERS-exo promoted the survival of monocytes and induced phenotypic changes with a significantly larger percentage of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes. Finally, we identified exosome-mediated transfer of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) from ER stressed CLL cells into monocytes as a novel mechanism through which ERS-exo regulated monocytes. Exosomal eNAMPT up-regulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) production which subsequently activated SIRT1-C/EBPβ signaling pathway in monocytes. Our results suggest the role of ER stress in mediating immunological dysfunction in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lulu Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanqing Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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10
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Tribble JR, Hagström A, Jusseaume K, Lardner E, Wong RCB, Stålhammar G, Williams PA. NAD salvage pathway machinery expression in normal and glaucomatous retina and optic nerve. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:18. [PMID: 36681854 PMCID: PMC9867855 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and is a major health and economic burden. Current treatments do not address the neurodegenerative component of glaucoma. In animal models of glaucoma, the capacity to maintain retinal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pools declines early during disease pathogenesis. Treatment with nicotinamide, an NAD precursor through the NAD salvage pathway, robustly protects against neurodegeneration in a number of glaucoma models and improves vision in existing glaucoma patients. However, it remains unknown in humans what retinal cell types are able to process nicotinamide to NAD and how these are affected in glaucoma. To address this, we utilized publicly available RNA-sequencing data (bulk, single cell, and single nucleus) and antibody labelling in highly preserved enucleated human eyes to identify expression of NAD synthesizing enzyme machinery. This identifies that the neural retina favors expression of the NAD salvage pathway, and that retinal ganglion cells are particularly enriched for these enzymes. NMNAT2, a key terminal enzyme in the salvage pathway, is predominantly expressed in retinal ganglion cell relevant layers of the retina and declines in glaucoma. These findings suggest that human retinal ganglion cells can directly utilize nicotinamide and could maintain a capacity to do so in glaucoma, showing promise for ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Tribble
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Hagström
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenza Jusseaume
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Lardner
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raymond Ching-Bong Wong
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gustav Stålhammar
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pete A Williams
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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11
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Tumurkhuu G, Casanova NG, Kempf CL, Ercan Laguna D, Camp SM, Dagvadorj J, Song JH, Reyes Hernon V, Travelli C, Montano EN, Yu JM, Ishimori M, Wallace DJ, Sammani S, Jefferies C, Garcia JG. eNAMPT/TLR4 inflammatory cascade activation is a key contributor to SLE Lung vasculitis and alveolar hemorrhage. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 6:100181. [PMID: 36619655 PMCID: PMC9816774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Effective therapies to reduce the severity and high mortality of pulmonary vasculitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a serious unmet need. We explored whether biologic neutralization of eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase), a novel DAMP and Toll-like receptor 4 ligand, represents a viable therapeutic strategy in lupus vasculitis. Methods Serum was collected from SLE subjects (n = 37) for eNAMPT protein measurements. In the preclinical pristane-induced murine model of lung vasculitis/hemorrhage, C57BL/6 J mice (n = 5-10/group) were treated with PBS, IgG (1 mg/kg), or the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb (1 mg/kg, IP or subcutaneously (SQ). Lung injury evaluation (Day 10) included histology/immuno-histochemistry, BAL protein/cellularity, tissue biochemistry, RNA sequencing, and plasma biomarker assessment. Results SLE subjects showed highly significant increases in blood NAMPT mRNA expression and eNAMPT protein levels compared to healthy controls. Preclinical pristane-exposed mice studies showed significantly increased NAMPT lung tissue expression and increased plasma eNAMPT levels accompanied by marked increases in alveolar hemorrhage and lung inflammation (BAL protein, PMNs, activated monocytes). In contrast, ALT-100 mAb-treated mice showed significant attenuation of inflammatory lung injury, alveolar hemorrhage, BAL protein, tissue leukocytes, and plasma inflammatory cytokines (eNAMPT, IL-6, IL-8). Lung RNA sequencing showed pristane-induced activation of inflammatory genes/pathways including NFkB, cytokine/chemokine, IL-1β, and MMP signaling pathways, each rectified in ALT-100 mAb-treated mice. Conclusions These findings highlight the role of eNAMPT/TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling in the pathobiology of SLE pulmonary vasculitis and alveolar hemorrhage. Biologic neutralization of this novel DAMP appears to serve as a viable strategy to reduce the severity of SLE lung vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Duygu Ercan Laguna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Erica N. Montano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeong Min Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariko Ishimori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J. Wallace
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Caroline Jefferies
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
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12
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Wei Y, Xiang H, Zhang W. Review of various NAMPT inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970553. [PMID: 36160449 PMCID: PMC9490061 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway of mammalian cells and is overexpressed in numerous types of cancers. These include breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, and b-cell lymphoma. NAMPT is also known to impact the NAD and NADPH pool. Research has demonstrated that NAMPT can be inhibited. NAMPT inhibitors are diverse anticancer medicines with significant anti-tumor efficacy in ex vivo tumor models. A few notable NAMPT specific inhibitors which have been produced include FK866, CHS828, and OT-82. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence of the potential utility of NAMPT inhibitors in cancer models, early clinical trials have yielded only modest results, necessitating the adaptation of additional tactics to boost efficacy. This paper examines a number of cancer treatment methods which target NAMPT, including the usage of individual inhibitors, pharmacological combinations, dual inhibitors, and ADCs, all of which have demonstrated promising experimental or clinical results. We intend to contribute further ideas regarding the usage and development of NAMPT inhibitors in clinical therapy to advance the field of research on this intriguing target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wei
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haotian Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenqiu Zhang,
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13
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Neves D, Goodfellow BJ, Vieira SI, Silva RM. The role of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation. Neurochem Int 2022; 159:105402. [PMID: 35843422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism is involved in redox and non-redox reactions that regulate several processes including differentiation of cells of different origins. Here, the role of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation, which remains elusive so far, was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A protein-protein interaction network between neurotrophin signaling and NAD metabolic pathways was built. Expression of NAD biosynthetic enzymes in SH-SY5Y cells during retinoic acid (RA)/brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) differentiation, was evaluated. The effects of NAD biosynthetic enzymes QPRT and NAPRT inhibition in neurite outgrowth, cell viability, NAD availability and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, were analysed in RA- and BDNF-differentiated cells. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed the interaction between NAD biosynthetic enzyme NMNAT1 and NTRK2, a receptor activated by RA/BDNF sequential treatment. Differences were found in the expression of NAD biosynthetic enzymes during neuronal differentiation, namely, increased QPRT gene expression along the course of RA/BDNF treatment and NAPRT protein expression after a 5-day treatment with RA. QPRT inhibition in BDNF-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells resulted in less neuritic length per cell, decreased expression of the neuronal marker β-III Tubulin and also decreased NAD+ levels and HDAC activity. NAPRT inhibition had no effect in neuritic length per cell, NAD+ levels and HDAC activity. Of note, NAD supplementation along with RA, but not with BDNF, resulted in considerable cell death. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results show the involvement of NAD metabolism in neuronal differentiation, specifically, the importance of QPRT-mediated NAD biosynthesis in BDNF-associated SH-SY5Y differentiation and suggest additional roles for NAPRT beyond NAD production in RA-differentiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Neves
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | - Sandra I Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Médicas & Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Saúde, Viseu, Portugal
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14
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Drapela S, Ilter D, Gomes AP. Metabolic reprogramming: a bridge between aging and tumorigenesis. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3295-3318. [PMID: 35666002 PMCID: PMC9490145 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most robust risk factor for cancer development, with more than 60% of cancers occurring in those aged 60 and above. However, how aging and tumorigenesis are intertwined is poorly understood and a matter of significant debate. Metabolic changes are hallmarks of both aging and tumorigenesis. The deleterious consequences of aging include dysfunctional cellular processes, the build‐up of metabolic byproducts and waste molecules in circulation and within tissues, and stiffer connective tissues that impede blood flow and oxygenation. Collectively, these age‐driven changes lead to metabolic reprogramming in different cell types of a given tissue that significantly affects their cellular functions. Here, we put forward the idea that metabolic changes that happen during aging help create a favorable environment for tumorigenesis. We review parallels in metabolic changes that happen during aging and how these changes function both as adaptive mechanisms that enable the development of malignant phenotypes in a cell‐autonomous manner and as mechanisms that suppress immune surveillance, collectively creating the perfect environment for cancers to thrive. Hence, antiaging therapeutic strategies that target the metabolic reprogramming that occurs as we age might provide new opportunities to prevent cancer initiation and/or improve responses to standard‐of‐care anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Drapela
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Didem Ilter
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ana P Gomes
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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15
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Nutraceuticals/Drugs Promoting Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Biogenesis May Combat the Mitochondrial Dysfunction Driving Progression of Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091985. [PMID: 35565950 PMCID: PMC9104458 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the crucial retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are characterized by mitochondria that are structurally and functionally defective. Moreover, deficient expression of the mRNA-editing enzyme Dicer is noted specifically in these cells. This Dicer deficit up-regulates expression of Alu RNA, which in turn damages mitochondria—inducing the loss of membrane potential, boosting oxidant generation, and causing mitochondrial DNA to translocate to the cytoplasmic region. The cytoplasmic mtDNA, in conjunction with induced oxidative stress, triggers a non-canonical pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to the production of interleukin-18 that acts in an autocrine manner to induce apoptotic death of RPE cells, thereby driving progression of dry AMD. It is proposed that measures which jointly up-regulate mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), by replacing damaged mitochondria with “healthy” new ones, may lessen the adverse impact of Alu RNA on RPE cells, enabling the prevention or control of dry AMD. An analysis of the molecular biology underlying mitophagy/MB and inflammasome activation suggests that nutraceuticals or drugs that can activate Sirt1, AMPK, Nrf2, and PPARα may be useful in this regard. These include ferulic acid, melatonin urolithin A and glucosamine (Sirt1), metformin and berberine (AMPK), lipoic acid and broccoli sprout extract (Nrf2), and fibrate drugs and astaxanthin (PPARα). Hence, nutraceutical regimens providing physiologically meaningful doses of several or all of the: ferulic acid, melatonin, glucosamine, berberine, lipoic acid, and astaxanthin, may have potential for control of dry AMD.
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16
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Gasparrini M, Audrito V. NAMPT: A critical driver and therapeutic target for cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 145:106189. [PMID: 35219878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) possesses a vital role in mammalian cells due to its activity as a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinamide. NAD is an essential redox cofactor, but it also functions as a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes, regulating multiple cellular processes such as DNA repair and gene expression, fundamental to sustain tumor growth and survival and energetic needs. A common strategy that several tumor types adopt to sustain NAD synthesis is to over-express NAMPT. However, beside its intracellular functions, this enzyme has a second life outside of cells exerting cytokine-like functions and mediating pro-inflammatory conditions activating signaling pathways. While the effects of NAMPT/NAD axis on energetic metabolism in tumors has been well-established, increasing evidence demonstrated the impact of NAMPT over-expression (intra-/extra-cellular) on several tumor cellular processes, including DNA repair, gene expression, signaling pathways, proliferation, invasion, stemness, phenotype plasticity, metastatization, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and drug resistance. For all these reasons, NAMPT targeting has emerged as promising anti-cancer strategy to deplete NAD and impair cellular metabolism, but also to counteract the other NAMPT-related functions. In this review, we summarize the key role of NAMPT in multiple biological processes implicated in cancer biology and the impact of NAMPT inhibition as therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gasparrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences & Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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17
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DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty MF, Assanga SI, Lujan LL, O'Keefe JH. Ferulic acid and berberine, via Sirt1 and AMPK, may act as cell cleansing promoters of healthy longevity. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2021-001801. [PMID: 35301252 PMCID: PMC8932268 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid, a bacterial metabolite of anthocyanins, seems likely to be a primary mediator of the health benefits associated with anthocyanin-rich diets, and has long been employed in Chinese cardiovascular medicine. In rodent studies, it has exerted wide-ranging antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, the molecular basis of which remains rather obscure. However, recent studies indicate that physiologically relevant concentrations of ferulic acid can boost expression of Sirt1 at mRNA and protein levels in a range of tissues. Sirt1, a class III deacetylase, functions to detect a paucity of oxidisable substrate, and in response works in various ways to promote cellular survival and healthful longevity. Sirt1 promotes ‘cell cleansing’ and cell survival by boosting autophagy, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, phase 2 induction of antioxidant enzymes via Nrf2, and DNA repair—while inhibiting NF-kB-driven inflammation, apoptosis, and cellular senescence, and boosting endothelial expression of the protective transcription factor kruppel-like factor 2. A deficit of the latter appears to mediate the endothelial toxicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Ferulic acid also enhances the activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) by increasing expression and activity of its activating kinase LKB1—whereas AMPK in turn amplifies Sirt1 activity by promoting induction of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltranferase, rate-limiting for generation of Sirt1’s obligate substrate NAD+. Curiously, AMPK acts by independent mechanisms to potentiate many of the effects mediated by Sirt1. Hence, it is proposed that ferulic acid may exert complementary or synergistic health-promoting effects when used in conjunction with clinically useful AMPK activators, such as the nutraceutical berberine. Additional nutraceuticals which might have potential for amplifying certain protective effects of ferulic acid/berberine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Simon Iloki Assanga
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food Science, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Lidianys Lewis Lujan
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food Science, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Charles and Barbara Duboc Cardio Health & Wellness Center, St Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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18
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SIRT1-SIRT7 Expression in Patients with Lymphoproliferative Disorders Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051213. [PMID: 35267521 PMCID: PMC8909005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are involved in the fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), including their metabolism, stress response, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to explore SIRT1-7 expression during HSC mobilization. The study included 50 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (39 multiple myeloma, 11 lymphoma). Samples were taken before mobilization (day 0) and on the day of first apheresis (day A). The sirtuin expression was evaluated by the Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) method. A significant increase of the SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, SIRT5, SIRT6, and SIRT7 levels measured at day A as compared to baseline was observed. The study revealed a positive correlation between SIRT5, SIRT6, and SIRT7 expression and the CD34+ peak value in peripheral blood and the number of CD34+ cells collected on day A. Patients from the SIRT7 “high expressors” group collected more CD34+ cells on day A than “low expressors”. Upregulated expressions of SIRT3 and SIRT7 on the day of first apheresis were observed in patients in complete remission status (CR) as compared to the non-CR group. Our results suggest that the investigated sirtuins may influence the HSC migration and hematopoietic landscape during mobilization. SIRT5, SIRT6, and SIRT7 may be associated with the efficacy of HSC mobilization.
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19
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Cox SL, O'Siorain JR, Fagan LE, Curtis AM, Carroll RG. Intertwining roles of circadian and metabolic regulation of the innate immune response. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:225-237. [PMID: 35022891 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-021-00905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has emerged that an interconnected relationship exists between metabolism, circadian rhythms, and the immune system. The relationship between metabolism and circadian rhythms is not that surprising given the necessity to align rhythms of feeding/fasting with activity/rest. Recently, our understanding of the importance of metabolic pathways in terms of immune function, termed immunometabolism, has grown exponentially. It is now appreciated that the time of day during which the innate immune system is challenged strongly conditions the subsequent response. Recent observations have found that many individual components that make up the circadian clock also control aspects of metabolism in innate immune cells to modulate inflammation. This circadian/metabolic axis may be a key factor driving rhythmicity of immune function and circadian disruption is associated with a range of chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, obesity, and diabetes. The field of "circadian immunometabolism" seeks to reveal undiscovered circadian controlled metabolic pathways that in turn regulate immune responses. The innate immune system has been intricately linked to chronic inflammatory diseases, and within the immune system, individual cell types carry out unique roles in inflammation. Therefore, circadian immunometabolism effects are unique to each innate immune cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Cox
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. .,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - James R O'Siorain
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lauren E Fagan
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annie M Curtis
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard G Carroll
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. .,Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
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20
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Abstract
The development of therapies to eliminate the latent HIV-1 reservoir is hampered by our incomplete understanding of the biomolecular mechanism governing HIV-1 latency. To further complicate matters, recent single cell RNA-seq studies reported extensive heterogeneity between latently HIV-1-infected primary T cells, implying that latent HIV-1 infection can persist in greatly differing host cell environments. We here show that transcriptomic heterogeneity is also found between latently infected T cell lines, which allowed us to study the underlying mechanisms of intercell heterogeneity at high signal resolution. Latently infected T cells exhibited a de-differentiated phenotype, characterized by the loss of T cell-specific markers and gene regulation profiles reminiscent of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). These changes had functional consequences. As reported for stem cells, latently HIV-1 infected T cells efficiently forced lentiviral superinfections into a latent state and favored glycolysis. As a result, metabolic reprogramming or cell re-differentiation destabilized latent infection. Guided by these findings, data-mining of single cell RNA-seq data of latently HIV-1 infected primary T cells from patients revealed the presence of similar dedifferentiation motifs. >20% of the highly detectable genes that were differentially regulated in latently infected cells were associated with hematopoietic lineage development (e.g. HUWE1, IRF4, PRDM1, BATF3, TOX, ID2, IKZF3, CDK6) or were hematopoietic markers (SRGN; hematopoietic proteoglycan core protein). The data add to evidence that the biomolecular phenotype of latently HIV-1 infected cells differs from normal T cells and strategies to address their differential phenotype need to be considered in the design of therapeutic cure interventions. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 persists in a latent reservoir in memory CD4 T cells for the lifetime of a patient. Understanding the biomolecular mechanisms used by the host cells to suppress viral expression will provide essential insights required to develop curative therapeutic interventions. Unfortunately, our current understanding of these control mechanisms is still limited. By studying gene expression profiles, we demonstrated that latently HIV-1-infected T cells have a de-differentiated T cell phenotype. Software-based data integration allowed for the identification of drug targets that would re-differentiate viral host cells and, in extension, destabilize latent HIV-1 infection events. The importance of the presented data lies within the clear demonstration that HIV-1 latency is a host cell phenomenon. As such, therapeutic strategies must first restore proper host cell functionality to accomplish efficient HIV-1 reactivation.
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21
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Connelly JA. Diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making for the neutropenic patient. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2021; 2021:492-503. [PMID: 34889413 PMCID: PMC8791128 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2021000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Determining the cause of a low neutrophil count in a pediatric or adult patient is essential for the hematologist's clinical decision-making. Fundamental to this diagnostic process is establishing the presence or lack of a mature neutrophil storage pool, as absence places the patient at higher risk for infection and the need for supportive care measures. Many diagnostic tests, eg, a peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy, remain important tools, but greater understanding of the diversity of neutropenic disorders has added new emphasis on evaluating for immune disorders and genetic testing. In this article, a structure is provided to assess patients based on the mechanism of neutropenia and to prioritize testing based on patient age and hypothesized pathophysiology. Common medical quandaries including fever management, need for growth factor support, risk of malignant transformation, and curative options in congenital neutropenia are reviewed to guide medical decision-making in neutropenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Connelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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22
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Tsui M, Min W, Ng S, Dobbs K, Notarangelo LD, Dror Y, Grunebaum E. The Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Study the Effects of Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency on Human Neutrophil Development. Front Immunol 2021; 12:748519. [PMID: 34777360 PMCID: PMC8582638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.748519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited defects that abrogate the function of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme and consequently lead to the accumulation of toxic purine metabolites cause profound lymphopenia and severe combined immune deficiency. Additionally, neutropenia and impaired neutrophil function have been reported among ADA-deficient patients. However, due to the rarity of the disorder, the neutrophil developmental abnormalities and the mechanisms contributing to them have not been characterized. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) generated from two unrelated ADA-deficient patients and from healthy controls were differentiated through embryoid bodies into neutrophils. ADA deficiency led to a significant reduction in the number of all early multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. At later stages of differentiation, ADA deficiency impeded the formation of granulocyte colonies in methylcellulose cultures, leading to a significant decrease in the number of neutrophils generated from ADA-deficient iPSCs. The viability and apoptosis of ADA-deficient neutrophils isolated from methylcellulose cultures were unaffected, suggesting that the abnormal purine homeostasis in this condition interferes with differentiation or proliferation. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the percentage of hyperlobular ADA-deficient neutrophils, and these neutrophils demonstrated significantly reduced ability to phagocytize fluorescent microspheres. Supplementing iPSCs and methylcellulose cultures with exogenous ADA, which can correct adenosine metabolism, reversed all abnormalities, cementing the critical role of ADA in neutrophil development. Moreover, chemical inhibition of the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme, using hydroxyurea or a combination of nicotinamide and trichostatin A in iPSCs from healthy controls, led to abnormal neutrophil differentiation similar to that observed in ADA deficiency, implicating RNR inhibition as a potential mechanism for the neutrophil abnormalities. In conclusion, the findings presented here demonstrate the important role of ADA in the development and function of neutrophils while clarifying the mechanisms responsible for the neutrophil abnormalities in ADA-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tsui
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Weixian Min
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Ng
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yigal Dror
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Marrow Failure and Myelodysplasia Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eyal Grunebaum
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Enhanced NAMPT-Mediated NAD Salvage Pathway Contributes to Psoriasis Pathogenesis by Amplifying Epithelial Auto-Inflammatory Circuits. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136860. [PMID: 34202251 PMCID: PMC8267663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated cross-talk between immune cells and epithelial compartments is responsible for the onset and amplification of pathogenic auto-inflammatory circuits occurring in psoriasis. NAMPT-mediated NAD salvage pathway has been recently described as an immunometabolic route having inflammatory function in several disorders, including arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. To date, the role of NAD salvage pathway has not been explored in the skin of patients affected by psoriasis. Here, we show that NAD content is enhanced in lesional skin of psoriatic patients and is associated to high NAMPT transcriptional levels. The latter are drastically reduced in psoriatic skin following treatment with the anti-IL-17A biologics secukinumab. We provide evidence that NAMPT-mediated NAD+ metabolism fuels the immune responses executed by resident skin cells in psoriatic skin. In particular, intracellular NAMPT, strongly induced by Th1/Th17-cytokines, acts on keratinocytes by inducing hyper-proliferation and impairing their terminal differentiation. Furthermore, NAMPT-mediated NAD+ boosting synergizes with psoriasis-related cytokines in the upregulation of inflammatory chemokines important for neutrophil and Th1/Th17 cell recruitment. In addition, extracellular NAMPT, abundantly released by keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, acts in a paracrine manner on endothelial cells by inducing their proliferation and migration, as well as the expression of ICAM-1 membrane molecule and chemokines important for leukocyte recruitment into inflamed skin. In conclusion, our results showed that NAMPT-mediated NAD salvage pathway contributes to psoriasis pathogenic processes by amplifying epithelial auto-inflammatory responses in psoriasis.
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24
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MLKL promotes cellular differentiation in myeloid leukemia by facilitating the release of G-CSF. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3235-3250. [PMID: 34079078 PMCID: PMC8630008 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The blockade of cellular differentiation represents a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is largely attributed to the dysfunction of lineage-specific transcription factors controlling cellular differentiation. However, alternative mechanisms of cellular differentiation programs in AML remain largely unexplored. Here we report that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) contributes to the cellular differentiation of transformed hematopoietic progenitor cells in AML. Using gene-targeted mice, we show that MLKL facilitates the release of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) by controlling membrane permeabilization in leukemic cells. Mlkl−/− hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells released reduced amounts of G-CSF while retaining their capacity for CSF3 (G-CSF) mRNA expression, G-CSF protein translation, and G-CSF receptor signaling. MLKL associates with early endosomes and controls G-CSF release from intracellular storage by plasma membrane pore formation, whereas cell death remained unaffected by loss of MLKL. Of note, MLKL expression was significantly reduced in AML patients, specifically in those with a poor-risk AML subtype. Our data provide evidence that MLKL controls myeloid differentiation in AML by controlling the release of G-CSF from leukemic progenitor cells.
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25
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Qiu Y, Zhou X, Liu Y, Tan S, Li Y. The Role of Sirtuin-1 in Immune Response and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:632383. [PMID: 33981300 PMCID: PMC8110204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.632383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially fatal multisystem inflammatory chronic disorder, the etiology and pathogenesis of which remain unclear. The loss of immune tolerance in SLE patients contributes to the production of autoantibodies that attack multiple organs and tissues, such as the skin, joints, and kidneys. Immune cells play important roles in the occurrence and progression of SLE through amplified immune responses. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, has been shown to be a pivotal regulator in various physiological processes, including cell differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, aging, and immune responses, via modulation of different signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and activator protein 1 pathways. Recent studies have provided evidence that SIRT1 could be a regulatory element in the immune system, whose altered functions are likely relevant to SLE development. This review aims to illustrate the functions of SIRT1 in different types of immune cells and the potential roles of SIRT1 in the SLE pathogenesis and its therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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26
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Rydzynska Z, Pawlik B, Krzyzanowski D, Mlynarski W, Madzio J. Neutrophil Elastase Defects in Congenital Neutropenia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653932. [PMID: 33968054 PMCID: PMC8100030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare hematological condition with heterogenous genetic background. Neutrophil elastase (NE) encoded by ELANE gene is mutated in over half of the SCN cases. The role of NE defects in myelocytes maturation arrest in bone marrow is widely investigated; however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon has still remained unclear. In this review, we sum up the studies exploring mechanisms of neutrophil deficiency, biological role of NE in neutrophil and the effects of ELANE mutation and neutropenia pathogenesis. We also explain the hypotheses presented so far and summarize options of neutropenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Rydzynska
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Pawlik
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Krzyzanowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Madzio
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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27
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Xu Y, Nasri M, Dannenmann B, Mir P, Zahabi A, Welte K, Morishima T, Skokowa J. NAMPT/SIRT2-mediated inhibition of the p53-p21 signaling pathway is indispensable for maintenance and hematopoietic differentiation of human iPS cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:112. [PMID: 33546767 PMCID: PMC7863436 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) regulates cellular functions through the protein deacetylation activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent sirtuins (SIRTs). SIRTs regulate functions of histones and none-histone proteins. The role of NAMPT/SIRT pathway in the regulation of maintenance and differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is not fully elucidated. METHODS We evaluated the effects of specific inhibitors of NAMPT or SIRT2 on the pluripotency, proliferation, survival, and hematopoietic differentiation of human iPS cells. We also studied the molecular mechanism downstream of NAMPT/SIRTs in iPS cells. RESULTS We demonstrated that NAMPT is indispensable for the maintenance, survival, and hematopoietic differentiation of iPS cells. We found that inhibition of NAMPT or SIRT2 in iPS cells induces p53 protein by promoting its lysine acetylation. This leads to activation of the p53 target, p21, with subsequent cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in iPS cells. NAMPT and SIRT2 inhibition also affect hematopoietic differentiation of iPS cells in an embryoid body (EB)-based cell culture system. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the essential role of the NAMPT/SIRT2/p53/p21 signaling axis in the maintenance and hematopoietic differentiation of iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xu
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Masoud Nasri
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dannenmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Perihan Mir
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Azadeh Zahabi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Morishima
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- present address: International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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28
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Deordieva E, Shvets O, Voronin K, Maschan A, Welte K, Skokowa J, Novichkova G, Shcherbina A. Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) treatment improves response to G-CSF in severe congenital neutropenia patients. Br J Haematol 2021; 192:788-792. [PMID: 33471934 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Deordieva
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
| | - Oksana Shvets
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
| | - Kirill Voronin
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
| | - Alexei Maschan
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
| | - Karl Welte
- University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Galina Novichkova
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Oncology and Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Moskva, Russia
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29
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Wang C, Yang Y, Gao N, Lan J, Dou X, Li J, Shan A. L-Threonine upregulates the expression of β-defensins by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing SIRT1 expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:5821-5836. [PMID: 34047325 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00269d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of antimicrobial peptide (AMP), found in all forms of life and playing a pivotal role in the innate immune system, has been developed as a new strategy for maintaining intestinal health and reducing antibiotic usage due to its ability to resist pathogens and commensal microbes. The current study investigated the effects of l-threonine on β-defensin expression, the intestinal mucosal barrier and inflammatory cytokine expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cell lines (IPEC-J2). The results revealed that in IPEC-J2 cells, l-threonine significantly increased the expression of β-defensin (including pBD-1, pBD-2, and pBD-3) in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). By using different concentrations and treatment times of l-threonine, the results showed that the expression of β-defensin was upregulated to the greatest extent in IPEC-J2 cells cultured with 1 mM l-threonine for 24 h. Although the mRNA expression levels of β-defensins were markedly increased (P < 0.05), there was relatively little inducible pBD-1, pBD-2 and pBD-3 mRNA expression at the sub-confluent and confluent densities in comparison with post-confluent densities. Furthermore, we found that l-threonine enhanced the β-defensin expression by suppressing the expression of SIRT1, which increased acetylated p65 expression, and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, which induced the translocation of p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, l-threonine significantly prevented LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage by attenuating the decreasing tendency of the mRNA expression of Mucin1 and Mucin2 (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, l-threonine enhanced the expression of β-defensins upon LPS challenge in IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.05). l-Threonine obviously decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines compared to that in untreated cells (P < 0.05). In conclusion, l-threonine can upregulate β-defensin expression and reduce inflammatory cytokine expression in IPEC-J2 cells; meanwhile, l-threonine alleviates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. The l-threonine-mediated modulation of endogenous defensin expression may be a promising approach to reduce antibiotic use, enhance disease resistance and intestinal health in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Gao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Lan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiujing Dou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianping Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Navas LE, Carnero A. NAD + metabolism, stemness, the immune response, and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 33384409 PMCID: PMC7775471 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD+ levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD+ acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD+ also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD+ while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD+ is essential, the important role of NAD+ and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD+ and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain.
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31
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Abduraman MA, Azizan NA, Teoh SH, Tan ML. Ketogenesis and SIRT1 as a tool in managing obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 15:10-18. [PMID: 33371997 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a serious chronic disease and a public health concern in both developing and developed countries. Managing obesity has been a great challenge for both health care professionals and patients alike. Among the various diet programs aimed at promoting weight loss, the ketogenic diet, a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates, has been at the forefront recently and its mechanism in weight loss is much debated. Activation of Sirtuin 1 or SIRT1 is able to circumvent various diseases, including metabolic syndrome and obesity and is thought to be a potentially reliable treatment target for both of them. Augmentation of SIRT1 may be carried out using dietary means such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) supplementation and/or ketogenic diet. Although ketogenic diet may augment SIRT1 activation in people affected by obesity, recent studies have indicated that the relationship between SIRT1 and ketogenesis is unpredictable. The exact circumstances and mechanisms of SIRT1, NAD and ketogenesis in the clinical setting as an intervention tool in managing obesity remained uncertain. Although several recent literatures have documented significant weight-loss following ketogenic diet interventions, there were limitations with regards to duration of trial, choice and the number of trial subjects. Studies investigating the safety of ketogenic diet in the long term, beyond 46 weeks and related mechanism and pathways are still lacking and the sustainability of this diet remains to be determined. This review explores the recent progress on ketogenic diet and its relationships with SIRT1 as a tool in managing obesity and relevant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asyraf Abduraman
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ain Azizan
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Center for Population Health, Dept. Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mei Lan Tan
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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32
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Implications of metabolism-driven myeloid dysfunctions in cancer therapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:829-841. [PMID: 33077904 PMCID: PMC7570408 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is maintained by an adequate balance of myeloid and lymphoid responses. In chronic inflammatory states, including cancer, this balance is lost due to dramatic expansion of myeloid progenitors that fail to mature to functional inflammatory neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), thus giving rise to a decline in the antitumor effector lymphoid response. Cancer-related inflammation orchestrates the production of hematopoietic growth factors and cytokines that perpetuate recruitment and activation of myeloid precursors, resulting in unresolved and chronic inflammation. This pathologic inflammation creates profound alterations in the intrinsic cellular metabolism of the myeloid progenitor pool, which is amplified by competition for essential nutrients and by hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring at the tumor site. Therefore, persistent myelopoiesis and metabolic dysfunctions contribute to the development of cancer, as well as to the severity of a broad range of diseases, including metabolic syndrome and autoimmune and infectious diseases. The aims of this review are to (1) define the metabolic networks implicated in aberrant myelopoiesis observed in cancer patients, (2) discuss the mechanisms underlying these clinical manifestations and the impact of metabolic perturbations on clinical outcomes, and (3) explore new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to restore immunometabolism and differentiation of myeloid cells towards an effector phenotype to increase host antitumor immunity. We propose that the profound metabolic alterations and associated transcriptional changes triggered by chronic and overactivated immune responses in myeloid cells represent critical factors influencing the balance between therapeutic efficacy and immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) for current therapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.
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Nicotinamide Inhibits Self-renewal and Induces Granulocyte Differentiation of Multipotent Progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:1335-1342. [PMID: 32789803 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide (NAM) a form of vitamin B3, is an essential precursor of NAD. This dinucleotide (pyridine nucleotide) participates in the regulation of fundamental processes including transcription, cell cycle progression and DNA repair. Here we assessed the effect of NAM on myeloid differentiation of the IL-3 dependent, multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell line FDCP-Mix. We found that NAM reduces the pSTAT5 signaling response, cell cycling and self-renewal potential. It initiates an atypical program of myeloid differentiation that results in the emergence of granulocytic cells in the absence of added myeloid differentiation factors. NAM did not affect the expression the of cell surface granulocyte marker GR1 but led to a strong downregulation of MHC-II molecules. Taken together our data show that NAM induces a differentiation program in hematopoietic progenitors prompting them to undergo differentiation along the granulocyte path without reaching the status of fully developed granulocytes. Graphical abstract.
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Congenital and Acquired Chronic Neutropenias: Challenges, Perspectives and Implementation of the EuNet-INNOCHRON Action. Hemasphere 2020; 4:e406. [PMID: 32647804 PMCID: PMC7306309 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Märklin M, Bugl S, Wirths S, Frick JS, Müller MR, Kopp HG, Schneidawind D. Oral intake of lipopolysaccharide regulates toll-like receptor 4-dependent granulopoiesis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1254-1259. [PMID: 32515223 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220931043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT In our present study, we investigated the impact of LPS on neutrophil homeostasis and found that oral intake is sufficient to induce hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell fate decisions towards the neutrophil lineage independent of G-CSF. In addition, TLR4 has been identified as the indispensable sensor for oral LPS-modulated steady-state granulopoiesis. We provide evidence that the gastrointestinal microbiome is critical for neutrophil homeostasis, which has implications for patients being treated with chemotherapy or antimicrobial therapy, since both are significantly influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Märklin
- Germany Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (iFIT), Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bugl
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirths
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Julia-Stefanie Frick
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
| | - Martin R Müller
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Klinikum Region Hannover, KRH Klinikum Siloah, Hannover 30459, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kopp
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,Department of Molecular Oncology and Thoracic Oncology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70376, Germany
| | - Dominik Schneidawind
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 'Image-guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy' (iFIT), Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany
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Audrito V, Messana VG, Deaglio S. NAMPT and NAPRT: Two Metabolic Enzymes With Key Roles in Inflammation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:358. [PMID: 32266141 PMCID: PMC7096376 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) are two intracellular enzymes that catalyze the first step in the biosynthesis of NAD from nicotinamide and nicotinic acid, respectively. By fine tuning intracellular NAD levels, they are involved in the regulation/reprogramming of cellular metabolism and in the control of the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins, PARPs, and NADases. However, during evolution they both acquired novel functions as extracellular endogenous mediators of inflammation. It is well-known that cellular stress and/or damage induce release in the extracellular milieu of endogenous molecules, called alarmins or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which modulate immune functions through binding pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and activate inflammatory responses. Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular (e)NAMPT and eNAPRT are novel soluble factors with cytokine/adipokine/DAMP-like actions. Elevated eNAMPT were reported in several metabolic and inflammatory disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer, while eNAPRT is emerging as a biomarker of sepsis and septic shock. This review will discuss available data concerning the dual role of this unique family of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Audrito
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gianluca Messana
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Hoffmann D, Kuehle J, Lenz D, Philipp F, Zychlinski D, Lachmann N, Moritz T, Steinemann D, Morgan M, Skokowa J, Klein C, Schambach A. Lentiviral gene therapy and vitamin B3 treatment enable granulocytic differentiation of G6PC3-deficient induced pluripotent stem cells. Gene Ther 2020; 27:297-306. [PMID: 32051561 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with genetic disorders are a valuable source for in vitro disease models, which enable drug testing and validation of gene and cell therapies. We generated iPSCs from a severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) patient, who presented with a nonsense mutation in the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 3 (G6PC3) gene causing profound defects in granulopoiesis, associated with increased susceptibility of neutrophils to apoptosis. Generated SCN iPSC clones exhibited the capacity to differentiate into hematopoietic cells of the myeloid lineage and we identified two cytokine conditions, i.e., using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in combination with interleukin-3, to model the SCN phenotype in vitro. Reduced numbers of granulocytes were produced by SCN iPSCs compared with control iPSCs in both settings, which reflected the phenotype in patients. Interestingly, our model showed increased monocyte/macrophage production from the SCN iPSCs. Most importantly, lentiviral genetic correction of SCN iPSCs with a codon-optimized G6PC3 transgene restored granulopoiesis and reduced apoptosis of in vitro differentiated myeloid cells. Moreover, addition of vitamin B3 clearly induced granulocytic differentiation of SCN iPSCs and increased the number of neutrophils to levels comparable with those obtained from healthy control iPSCs. In summary, we established an iPSC-derived in vitro disease model, which will serve as a tool to test the potency of alternative treatment options for SCN patients, such as small molecules and gene therapeutic vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Hoffmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Kuehle
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniela Lenz
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friederike Philipp
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniela Zychlinski
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH - Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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38
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AbdElMaksoud SS, ElGamal RAE, Pessar SA, Salem DDE, Abdelsamee HF, Agamy HS. Prognostic implications of IDH1rs11554137 and IDH2R140Q SNPs mutations in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-019-0012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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39
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Neutrophil Maturation and Survival Is Controlled by IFN-Dependent Regulation of NAMPT Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225584. [PMID: 31717318 PMCID: PMC6888478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) signaling has been shown to be crucial for the modulation of neutrophil development and functionality. As this signaling pathway is significantly suppressed by type I interferons (IFNs), we aimed to study how the regulation of neutrophil differentiation and phenotype is altered in IFN-deficient mice during granulopoiesis. The composition of bone marrow granulocyte progenitors and their Nampt expression were assessed in bone marrow of type I IFN receptor knockout (Ifnar1-/-) mice and compared to wild-type animals. The impact of NAMPT inhibition on the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of murine bone marrow progenitors, as well as of murine 32D and human HL-60 neutrophil-like cell lines, was estimated. The progressive increase of Nampt expression during neutrophil progenitor maturation could be observed, and it was more prominent in IFN-deficient animals. Altered composition of bone marrow progenitors in these mice correlated with the dysregulation of apoptosis and altered differentiation of these cells. We observed that NAMPT is vitally important for survival of early progenitors, while at later stages it delays the differentiation of neutrophils, with moderate effect on their survival. This study shows that IFN-deficiency leads to the elevated NAMPT expression in the bone marrow, which in turn modulates neutrophil development and differentiation, even in the absence of tumor-derived stimuli.
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40
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Li H, Zhang L, Baines CP, Ding S. Subcellular NAMPT-mediated NAD + salvage pathways and their roles in bioenergetics and neuronal protection after ischemic injury. J Neurochem 2019; 151:732-748. [PMID: 31553812 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NAD+ is a cofactor required for glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and complex I enzymatic reaction. In mammalian cells, NAD+ is predominantly synthesized through the salvage pathway, where nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme. Previously, we demonstrated that NAMPT exerts a neuroprotective effect in ischemia through the suppression of mitochondrial dysfunction. Mammalian cells maintain distinct NAD+ pools in the cytosol, mitochondria, and nuclei. However, it is unknown whether mitochondria have an intact machinery for NAD+ salvage, and if so, whether it plays a dominant role in bioenergetics, mitochondrial function, and neuronal protection after ischemia. Here, using mouse primary cortical neuron and cortical tissue preparations, and multiple technologies including cytosolic and mitochondrial subfractionation, viral over-expression of transgenes, molecular biology, and confocal microscopy, we provided compelling evidence that neuronal mitochondria possess an intact machinery of NAMPT-mediated NAD+ salvage pathway, and that NAMPT and nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 3 (NMNAT3) are localized in the mitochondrial matrix. By knocking down NMNAT1-3 and NAMPT with siRNA, we found that NMNAT3 has a larger effect on basal and ATP production-related mitochondrial respiration than NMNAT1-2 in primary cultured neurons, while NMNAT1-2 have a larger effect on glycolytic flux than NMNAT3. Using an oxygen glucose deprivation model, we found that mitochondrial, cytoplasmic, and non-subcellular compartmental over-expressions of NAMPT have a comparable effect on neuronal protection and suppression of apoptosis-inducing factor translocation. The current study provides novel insights into the roles of subcellular compartmental NAD+ salvage pathways in NAD+ homeostasis, bioenergetics, and neuronal protection in ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowan Wang
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher P Baines
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Shinghua Ding
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Managò A, Audrito V, Mazzola F, Sorci L, Gaudino F, Gizzi K, Vitale N, Incarnato D, Minazzato G, Ianniello A, Varriale A, D'Auria S, Mengozzi G, Politano G, Oliviero S, Raffaelli N, Deaglio S. Extracellular nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase binds Toll like receptor 4 and mediates inflammation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4116. [PMID: 31511522 PMCID: PMC6739309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules that can be actively or passively released by injured tissues and that activate the immune system. Here we show that nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), detected by antibody-mediated assays and mass spectrometry, is an extracellular ligand for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and a critical mediator of inflammation, acting as a DAMP. Exposure of human and mouse macrophages to NAPRT activates the inflammasome and NF-κB for secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, NAPRT enhances monocyte differentiation into macrophages by inducing macrophage colony-stimulating factor. These NAPRT-induced effects are independent of NAD-biosynthetic activity, but rely on NAPRT binding to TLR4. In line with our finding that NAPRT mediates endotoxin tolerance in vitro and in vivo, sera from patients with sepsis contain the highest levels of NAPRT, compared to patients with other chronic inflammatory conditions. Together, these data identify NAPRT as a endogenous ligand for TLR4 and a mediator of inflammation. The enzyme nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) mediates the rate-limiting step in NAD salvage pathway starting from nicotinic acid. Here the authors show that NAPRT can be detected extracellularly, binds to Toll like receptor 4, and activates NF-kB signaling and cytokine production in macrophage via NAD synthesis-independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Mazzola
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Division of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Vitale
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Danny Incarnato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Minazzato
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alice Ianniello
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulio Mengozzi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Politano
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliviero
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Kong YY, Li GQ, Zhang WJ, Hua X, Zhou CC, Xu TY, Li ZY, Wang P, Miao CY. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase aggravates inflammation and promotes atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1184-1192. [PMID: 30833708 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is the rate-limiting enzyme of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage biosynthesis in mammals, and is involved in fundamental physiological processes and pathophysiology of many diseases. Thus far, however, the role of Nampt in atherosclerosis development is still in debate. In this study, we crossed global Nampt transgenic mice (Nampt-Tg) with a well-established atherosclerosis animal model (ApoE knockout mice, ApoE-/-) to generate ApoE-/-;Nampt-Tg mice and investigated the effects of Nampt overexpression on atherosclerosis development in ApoE-/- mice. Both ApoE-/- and ApoE-/-;Nampt-Tg mice were fed with a pro-atherosclerotic high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Their serum lipid contents and atherosclerotic lesion were assessed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in body weight or serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the two strains of mice, but ApoE-/-;Nampt-Tg mice had a significantly higher level of serum non-esterified fatty acid. Compared with ApoE-/- mice, ApoE-/-;Nampt-Tg mice displayed significantly increased atherosclerotic lesion area and thickness, lower collagen content, decreased collagen I/III ratio (collagen immaturation), increased number of apoptotic cells, and enhanced activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. Moreover, macrophage infiltration (F4/80 staining), tumor necrosis factor signaling, and chemokines expression (ICAM-1 and CXCR-4) were all activated in aortic atherosclerotic plaque of ApoE-/-;Nampt-Tg mice compared with ApoE-/- mice. Our results provide in vivo evidence that Nampt transgene aggravates atherosclerotic inflammation and promotes atherosclerosis development in ApoE-/- mice.
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LMO2 activation by deacetylation is indispensable for hematopoiesis and T-ALL leukemogenesis. Blood 2019; 134:1159-1175. [PMID: 31366618 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic transcription factor LIM domain only 2 (LMO2), a member of the TAL1 transcriptional complex, plays an essential role during early hematopoiesis and is frequently activated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients. Here, we demonstrate that LMO2 is activated by deacetylation on lysine 74 and 78 via the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) pathway. LMO2 deacetylation enables LMO2 to interact with LIM domain binding 1 and activate the TAL1 complex. NAMPT/SIRT2-mediated activation of LMO2 by deacetylation appears to be important for hematopoietic differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells and blood formation in zebrafish embryos. In T-ALL, deacetylated LMO2 induces expression of TAL1 complex target genes HHEX and NKX3.1 as well as LMO2 autoregulation. Consistent with this, inhibition of NAMPT or SIRT2 suppressed the in vitro growth and in vivo engraftment of T-ALL cells via diminished LMO2 deacetylation. This new molecular mechanism may provide new therapeutic possibilities in T-ALL and may contribute to the development of new methods for in vitro generation of blood cells.
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44
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Audrito V, Managò A, Gaudino F, Sorci L, Messana VG, Raffaelli N, Deaglio S. NAD-Biosynthetic and Consuming Enzymes as Central Players of Metabolic Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1720. [PMID: 31402913 PMCID: PMC6671870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells, particularly in solid tumors, are surrounded by non-neoplastic elements, including endothelial and stromal cells, as well as cells of immune origin, which can support tumor growth by providing the right conditions. On the other hand, local hypoxia, and lack of nutrients induce tumor cells to reprogram their metabolism in order to survive, proliferate, and disseminate: the same conditions are also responsible for building a tumor-suppressive microenvironment. In addition to tumor cells, it is now well-recognized that metabolic rewiring occurs in all cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, affecting epigenetic regulation of gene expression and influencing differentiation/proliferation decisions of these cells. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential co-factor for energy transduction in metabolic processes. It is also a key component of signaling pathways, through the regulation of NAD-consuming enzymes, including sirtuins and PARPs, which can affect DNA plasticity and accessibility. In addition, both NAD-biosynthetic and NAD-consuming enzymes can be present in the extracellular environment, adding a new layer of complexity to the system. In this review we will discuss the role of the “NADome” in the metabolic cross-talk between cancer and infiltrating immune cells, contributing to cancer growth and immune evasion, with an eye to therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Audrito
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gianluca Messana
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
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45
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Pioli PD, Casero D, Montecino-Rodriguez E, Morrison SL, Dorshkind K. Plasma Cells Are Obligate Effectors of Enhanced Myelopoiesis in Aging Bone Marrow. Immunity 2019; 51:351-366.e6. [PMID: 31303400 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging results in increased myelopoiesis, which is linked to the increased incidence of myeloid leukemias and production of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Here, we examined the contribution of plasma cells (PCs) to age-related increases in myelopoiesis, as PCs exhibit immune regulatory function and sequester in bone marrow (BM). PC number was increased in old BM, and they exhibited high expression of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and pathogen sensors. Antibody-mediated depletion of PCs from old mice reduced the number of myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells and mature myeloid cells to levels in young animals, but lymphopoiesis was not rejuvenated, indicating that redundant mechanisms inhibit that process. PCs also regulated the production of inflammatory factors from BM stromal cells, and disruption of the PC-stromal cell circuitry with inhibitors of the cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α attenuated myelopoiesis in old mice. Thus, the age-related increase in myelopoiesis is driven by an inflammatory network orchestrated by PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Pioli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David Casero
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Sherie L Morrison
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kenneth Dorshkind
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Nasri M, Ritter M, Mir P, Dannenmann B, Aghaallaei N, Amend D, Makaryan V, Xu Y, Fletcher B, Bernhard R, Steiert I, Hahnel K, Berger J, Koch I, Sailer B, Hipp K, Zeidler C, Klimiankou M, Bajoghli B, Dale DC, Welte K, Skokowa J. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ELANE knockout enables neutrophilic maturation of primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells of severe congenital neutropenia patients. Haematologica 2019; 105:598-609. [PMID: 31248972 PMCID: PMC7049355 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.221804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A Autosomal-dominant ELANE mutations are the most common cause of severe congenital neutropenia. Although the majority of congenital neutropenia patients respond to daily granulocyte colony stimulating factor, approximately 15 % do not respond to this cytokine at doses up to 50 μg/kg/day and approximately 15 % of patients will develop myelodysplasia or acute myeloid leukemia. “Maturation arrest,” the failure of the marrow myeloid progenitors to form mature neutrophils, is a consistent feature of ELANE associated congenital neutropenia. As mutant neutrophil elastase is the cause of this abnormality, we hypothesized that ELANE associated neutropenia could be treated and “maturation arrest” corrected by a CRISPR/Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoprotein mediated ELANE knockout. To examine this hypothesis, we used induced pluripotent stem cells from two congenital neutropenia patients and primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from four congenital neutropenia patients harboring ELANE mutations as well as HL60 cells expressing mutant ELANE. We observed that granulocytic differentiation of ELANE knockout induced pluripotent stem cells and primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were comparable to healthy individuals. Phagocytic functions, ROS production, and chemotaxis of the ELANE KO (knockout) neutrophils were also normal. Knockdown of ELANE in the mutant ELANE expressing HL60 cells also allowed full maturation and formation of abundant neutrophils. These observations suggest that ex vivo CRISPR/Cas9 RNP based ELANE knockout of patients’ primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells followed by autologous transplantation may be an alternative therapy for congenital neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Nasri
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malte Ritter
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Perihan Mir
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dannenmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana Amend
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vahagn Makaryan
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Breanna Fletcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Regine Bernhard
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Steiert
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Hahnel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Iris Koch
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Sailer
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Hipp
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Zeidler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maksim Klimiankou
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajoghli
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David C Dale
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karl Welte
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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47
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Petin K, Weiss R, Müller G, Garten A, Grahnert A, Sack U, Hauschildt S. NAD metabolites interfere with proliferation and functional properties of THP-1 cells. Innate Immun 2019; 25:280-293. [PMID: 31053044 PMCID: PMC6830904 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919844587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years the NAD-related compounds nicotinamide (NAM),
nicotinamide riboside (NR) and 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) have been established
as important molecules in signalling pathways that contribute to metabolic
functions of many cells, including those of the immune system. Among immune
cells, monocytes/macrophages, which are the major players of inflammatory
processes, are especially susceptible to the anti-inflammatory action of NAM.
Here we asked whether NAM and the two other compounds have the potential to
regulate differentiation and LPS-induced biological answers of the monocytic
cell line THP-1. We show that treatment of THP-1 cells with NAM, NR and MNA
resulted in growth retardation accompanied by enrichment of cells in the
G0/G1-phase independent of p21 and p53. NAM and NR caused an increase in
intracellular NAD concentrations and SIRT1 and PARP1 mRNA expression was found
to be enhanced. The compounds failed to up-regulate the expression of the cell
surface differentiation markers CD38, CD11b and CD14. They modulated the
reactive oxygen species production and primed the cells to respond less
effectively to the LPS induced TNF-α production. Our data show that the NAD
metabolites interfere with early events associated with differentiation of THP-1
cells along the monocytic path and that they affect LPS-induced biological
responses of the cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Petin
- 1 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Ronald Weiss
- 1 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Gerd Müller
- 2 Department of Molecular Oncology, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- 3 Centre for Paediatric Research Leipzig (CPL), Leipzig University, Germany.,4 Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Anja Grahnert
- 1 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- 1 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Leipzig University, Germany
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Abstract
Macrophages are the primary targets of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; the early events of macrophage interaction with M. tuberculosis define subsequent progression and outcome of infection. M. tuberculosis can alter the innate immunity of macrophages, resulting in suboptimal Th1 immunity, which contributes to the survival, persistence, and eventual dissemination of the pathogen. Macrophages are the primary targets of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; the early events of macrophage interaction with M. tuberculosis define subsequent progression and outcome of infection. M. tuberculosis can alter the innate immunity of macrophages, resulting in suboptimal Th1 immunity, which contributes to the survival, persistence, and eventual dissemination of the pathogen. Recent advances in immunometabolism illuminate the intimate link between the metabolic states of immune cells and their specific functions. In this review, we describe the little-studied biphasic metabolic dynamics of the macrophage response during progression of infection by M. tuberculosis and discuss their relevance to macrophage immunity and M. tuberculosis pathogenicity. The early phase of macrophage infection, which is marked by M1 polarization, is accompanied by a metabolic switch from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)-mediated aerobic glycolysis (also known as the Warburg effect in cancer cells), as well as by an upregulation of pathways involving oxidative and antioxidative defense responses, arginine metabolism, and synthesis of bioactive lipids. These early metabolic changes are followed by a late adaptation/resolution phase in which macrophages transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, with a consequent dampening of macrophage proinflammatory and antimicrobial responses. Importantly, the identification of upregulated metabolic pathways and/or metabolic regulatory mechanisms with immunomodulatory functions during M1 polarization has revealed novel mechanisms of M. tuberculosis pathogenicity. These advances can lead to the development of novel host-directed therapies to facilitate bacterial clearance in tuberculosis by targeting the metabolic state of immune cells.
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49
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Human iPSC-based model of severe congenital neutropenia reveals elevated UPR and DNA damage in CD34+ cells preceding leukemic transformation. Exp Hematol 2019; 71:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Travelli C, Consonni FM, Sangaletti S, Storto M, Morlacchi S, Grolla AA, Galli U, Tron GC, Portararo P, Rimassa L, Pressiani T, Mazzone M, Trovato R, Ugel S, Bronte V, Tripodo C, Colombo MP, Genazzani AA, Sica A. Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Acts as a Metabolic Gate for Mobilization of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1938-1951. [PMID: 30777853 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer induces alteration of hematopoiesis to fuel disease progression. We report that in tumor-bearing mice the macrophage colony-stimulating factor elevates the myeloid cell levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway, which acts as negative regulator of the CXCR4 retention axis of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. NAMPT inhibits CXCR4 through a NAD/Sirtuin 1-mediated inactivation of HIF1α-driven CXCR4 gene transcription, leading to mobilization of immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and enhancing their production of suppressive nitric oxide. Pharmacologic inhibition or myeloid-specific ablation of NAMPT prevented MDSC mobilization, reactivated specific antitumor immunity, and enhanced the antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our findings identify NAMPT as a metabolic gate of MDSC precursor function, providing new opportunities to reverse tumor immunosuppression and to restore clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify NAMPT as a metabolic gate of MDSC precursor function, providing new opportunities to reverse tumor immunosuppression and to restore clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Consonni
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Storto
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Morlacchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra A Grolla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Ubaldina Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Portararo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pressiani
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Department of Oncology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Tumor and Microenvironment Histopathology Unit, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Medicine (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy. .,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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