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Berger JS, Cornwell MG, Xia Y, Muller MA, Smilowitz NR, Newman JD, Schlamp F, Rockman CB, Ruggles KV, Voora D, Hochman JS, Barrett TJ. A Platelet Reactivity ExpreSsion Score derived from patients with peripheral artery disease predicts cardiovascular risk. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6902. [PMID: 39164233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are key mediators of atherothrombosis, yet, limited tools exist to identify individuals with a hyperreactive platelet phenotype. In this study, we investigate the association of platelet hyperreactivity and cardiovascular events, and introduce a tool, the Platelet Reactivity ExpreSsion Score (PRESS), which integrates platelet aggregation responses and RNA sequencing. Among patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), those with a hyperreactive platelet response (>60% aggregation) to 0.4 µM epinephrine had a higher incidence of the 30 day primary cardiovascular endpoint (37.2% vs. 15.3% in those without hyperreactivity, adjusted HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.5-5.1, p = 0.002). PRESS performs well in identifying a hyperreactive phenotype in patients with PAD (AUC [cross-validation] 0.81, 95% CI 0.68 -0.94, n = 84) and in an independent cohort of healthy participants (AUC [validation] 0.77, 95% CI 0.75 -0.79, n = 35). Following multivariable adjustment, PAD individuals with a PRESS score above the median are at higher risk for a future cardiovascular event (adjusted HR 1.90, CI 1.07-3.36; p = 0.027, n = 129, NCT02106429). This study derives and validates the ability of PRESS to discriminate platelet hyperreactivity and identify those at increased cardiovascular risk. Future studies in a larger independent cohort are warranted for further validation. The development of a platelet reactivity expression score opens the possibility for a personalized approach to antithrombotic therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Berger
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Macintosh G Cornwell
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuhe Xia
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Muller
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathaniel R Smilowitz
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Health Care System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan D Newman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florencia Schlamp
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caron B Rockman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly V Ruggles
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepak Voora
- Department of Medicine, Duke Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Judith S Hochman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tessa J Barrett
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Nair L, Asuzu P, Dagogo-Jack S. Ethnic Disparities in the Risk Factors, Morbidity, and Mortality of Cardiovascular Disease in People With Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae116. [PMID: 38911352 PMCID: PMC11192623 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. Compared with European Americans, African Americans have more favorable lipid profiles, as indicated by higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower triglycerides, and less dense low-density lipoprotein particles. The less atherogenic lipid profile translates to lower incidence and prevalence of CVD in African Americans with diabetes, despite higher rates of hypertension and obesity. However, African Americans with CVD experience worse clinical outcomes, including higher mortality, compared with European Americans. This mini-review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, mechanisms, and management of CVD in people with diabetes, focusing on possible factors underlying the "African American CVD paradox" (lower CVD incidence/prevalence but worse outcomes). Although the reasons for the disparities in CVD outcomes remain to be fully elucidated, we present a critical appraisal of the roles of suboptimal control of risk factors, inequities in care delivery, several biological factors, and psychosocial stress. We identify gaps in current knowledge and propose areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi Nair
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Peace Asuzu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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3
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Ren F, Fei Q, Qiu K, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sun L. Liquid biopsy techniques and lung cancer: diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:96. [PMID: 38561776 PMCID: PMC10985944 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer globally, posing a significant threat to human well-being. Due to the lack of effective and accurate early diagnostic methods, many patients are diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Although surgical resection is still a potential means of eradicating lung cancer, patients with advanced lung cancer usually miss the best chance for surgical treatment, and even after surgical resection patients may still experience tumor recurrence. Additionally, chemotherapy, the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced lung cancer, has the potential to be chemo-resistant, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. The emergence of liquid biopsies has garnered considerable attention owing to their noninvasive nature and the ability for continuous sampling. Technological advancements have propelled circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), tumor metabolites, tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), and tumor-associated antigens (TAA) to the forefront as key liquid biopsy biomarkers, demonstrating intriguing and encouraging results for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of lung cancer. This review provides an overview of molecular biomarkers and assays utilized in liquid biopsies for lung cancer, encompassing CTCs, ctDNA, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), EVs, tumor metabolites, TAAs and TEPs. Furthermore, we expound on the practical applications of liquid biopsies, including early diagnosis, treatment response monitoring, prognostic evaluation, and recurrence monitoring in the context of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Qian Fei
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Kun Qiu
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Yuanjie Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China.
| | - Lei Sun
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China.
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Nakayama T, Nakamura Y, Shikata F, Ushijima M, Yasumoto Y, Yoshiyama D, Kuroda M, Sawa S, Tsuruta R, Furutachi A, Narita T, Ito Y. Thrombocytopenia Following Perceval Sutureless Aortic Valve Replacement in Asian Patients. Circ J 2024; 88:549-558. [PMID: 36709983 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the safety and performance of the Perceval valve for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients at 1 year after undergoing aortic stenosis (AS) treatment, and its effect on significant declines in the platelet count during the immediate postoperative period. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were collected retrospectively for the initial 121 patients (median age 77 years; 47.1% females) who underwent Perceval sutureless AVR between May 2019 and July 2022. Implantation was successful in all (100%), with median cross-clamp and CPB times of 59 and 100 min, respectively. Postoperative thrombocytopenia (platelet count <50×103/μL) was noted in 80 (66.1%) patients. Multivariate analysis showed advanced age (>80 years), preoperative low platelet count (<200×103/μL), and a sternotomy approach as significant risk factors for postoperative thrombocytopenia. One (0.8%) patient died within 30 days after the procedure. The 2-year site-reported event rate was 14% (n=17) for all-cause mortality, 0.8% (n=1) for cardiac mortality, 4.1% (n=5) for stroke, and 1.7% (n=2) for endocarditis and valve-related reoperation; there were no instances of paravalvular leakage or structural valve deterioration. CONCLUSIONS Thrombocytopenia was common after Perceval sutureless AVR, although its impact was not significant. Although Perceval sutureless AVR was found to be a safe and effective option, preoperative assessment of potential bleeding should be performed and the Perceval valve should not be used for patients with a high bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Nakayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | | | - Fumiaki Shikata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Masaki Ushijima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Yuto Yasumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Daiki Yoshiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Miho Kuroda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Shintaro Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Ryo Tsuruta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Akira Furutachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Takuya Narita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
| | - Yujiro Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba-Nishi General Hospital
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Thomas S, Kelliher S, Krishnan A. Heterogeneity of platelets and their responses. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102356. [PMID: 38666061 PMCID: PMC11043642 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing recognition of heterogeneity in blood platelets and their responses, particularly in recent years, where next-generation technologies and advanced bioinformatic tools that interrogate "big data" have enabled large-scale studies of RNA and protein expression across a growing list of disease states. However, pioneering platelet biologists and clinicians were already hypothesizing upon and investigating heterogeneity in platelet (and megakaryocyte) activity and platelet metabolism and aggregation over half a century ago. Building on their foundational hypotheses, in particular Professor Marian A. Packham's pioneering work and a State of the Art lecture in her memoriam at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress by Anandi Krishnan, this review outlines the key features that contribute to the heterogeneity of platelets between and within individuals. Starting with important epidemiologic factors, we move stepwise through successively smaller scales down to heterogeneity revealed by single-cell technologies in health and disease. We hope that this overview will urge future scientific and clinical studies to recognize and account for heterogeneity of platelets and aim to apply methods that capture that heterogeneity. Finally, we summarize other exciting new data presented on this topic at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Thomas
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, National Health Services, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Kelliher
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anandi Krishnan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Li L, Stegner D. Immunothrombosis versus thrombo-inflammation: platelets in cerebrovascular complications. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102344. [PMID: 38433977 PMCID: PMC10907225 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A State-of-the Art lecture titled "Thrombo-Neuroinflammatory Disease" was presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress in 2023. First, we would like to advocate for discrimination between immunothrombosis and thrombo-inflammation, as immunothrombosis describes an overshooting inflammatory reaction that results in detrimental thrombotic activity. In contrast, thrombo-inflammation describes the interplay of platelets and coagulation with the immunovascular system, resulting in the recruitment of immune cells and loss of barrier function (hence, hallmarks of inflammation). Both processes can be observed in the brain, with cerebral venous thrombosis being a prime example of immunothrombosis, while infarct progression in response to ischemic stroke is a paradigmatic example of thrombo-inflammation. Here, we review the pathomechanisms underlying cerebral venous thrombosis and ischemic stroke from a platelet-centric perspective and discuss translational implications. Finally, we summarize relevant new data on this topic presented during the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexiao Li
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Würzburg, Germany
- University Hospital Würzburg, Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Stegner
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Würzburg, Germany
- University Hospital Würzburg, Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Stanger L, Yamaguchi A, Holinstat M. Antiplatelet strategies: past, present, and future. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3317-3328. [PMID: 38000851 PMCID: PMC10683860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of major cardiovascular diseases triggered by thrombosis. Since the 1900s, significant progress in reducing morbidity and death caused by cardiovascular diseases has been made. However, despite the development and approval of drugs that specifically target the platelet, including inhibitors for cycloxygenase-1, P2Y12 receptor, integrin αIIbβ3, phosphodiesterases, and protease-activated receptor 1, the risk of recurrent thrombotic events remains high, and the increased risk of bleeding is a major concern. Scientific advances in our understanding of the role of platelets in haemostasis and thrombosis have revealed novel targets, such as protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4), glycoprotein Ib (GPIb)-V-IX complex, glycoprotein VI, and 12-lipoxygenase. The antithrombotic effects and safety of the pharmacologic inhibition of these targets are currently under investigation in clinical studies. This review provides an overview of drugs in early development to target the platelet and those in current use in clinical practice. Furthermore, it describes the emerging drug targets being developed and studied to reduce platelet activity and outlines potential novel therapeutic targets in the platelet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Stanger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adriana Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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8
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Soslau G. Platelet protein synthesis, regulation, and post-translational modifications: mechanics and function. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 58:99-117. [PMID: 37347996 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2224532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Dogma had been firmly entrenched in the minds of the scientific community that the anucleate mammalian platelet was incapable of protein biosynthesis since their identification in the late 1880s. These beliefs were not challenged until the 1960s when several reports demonstrated that platelets possessed the capacity to biosynthesize proteins. Even then, many still dismissed the synthesis as trivial and unimportant for at least another two decades. Research in the field expanded after the 1980s and numerous reports have since been published that now clearly demonstrate the potential significance of platelet protein synthesis under normal, pathological, and activating conditions. It is now clear that the platelet proteome is not a static entity but can be altered slowly or rapidly in response to external signals to support physiological requirements to maintain hemostasis and other biological processes. All the necessary biological components to support protein synthesis have been identified in platelets along with post-transcriptional processing of mRNAs, regulators of translation, and post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. The last comprehensive review of the subject appeared in 2009 and much work has been conducted since that time. The current review of the field will briefly incorporate the information covered in earlier reviews and then bring the reader up to date with more recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Soslau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Nersisyan S, Montenont E, Loher P, Middleton EA, Campbell R, Bray P, Rigoutsos I. Characterization of all small RNAs in and comparisons across cultured megakaryocytes and platelets of healthy individuals and COVID-19 patients. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3252-3267. [PMID: 37558133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets are not well characterized. Neither is the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the sncRNAs of platelets. OBJECTIVES To investigate the sorting of MK sncRNAs into platelets, and the differences in the platelet sncRNAomes of healthy donors (HDs) and COVID-19 patients. METHODS We comprehensively profiled sncRNAs from MKs cultured from cord blood-derived CD34+ cells, platelets from HDs, and platelets from patients with moderate and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also comprehensively profiled Argonaute (AGO)-bound sncRNAs from the cultured MKs. RESULTS We characterized the sncRNAs in MKs and platelets and can account for ∼95% of all sequenced reads. We found that MKs primarily comprise microRNA isoforms (isomiRs), tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), rRNA-derived fragments (rRFs), and Y RNA-derived fragments (yRFs) in comparable abundances. The platelets of HDs showed a skewed distribution by comparison: 56.7% of all sncRNAs are yRFs, 34.4% are isomiRs, and <2.0% are tRFs and rRFs. Most isomiRs in MKs and platelets are either noncanonical, nontemplated, or both. When comparing MKs and platelets from HDs, we found numerous isomiRs, tRFs, rRFs, and yRFs showing opposite enrichments or depletions, including molecules from the same parental miRNA arm, tRNA, rRNA, or Y RNA. The sncRNAome of platelets from patients with COVID-19 is skewed compared to that of HDs with only 19.8% of all sncRNAs now being yRFs, isomiRs increasing to 63.6%, and tRFs and rRFs more than tripling their presence to 6.1%. CONCLUSION The sncRNAomes of MKs and platelets are very rich and more complex than it has been believed. The evidence suggests complex mechanisms that sort MK sncRNAs into platelets. SARS-CoV-2 infection acutely alters the contents of platelets by changing the relative proportions of their sncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Nersisyan
- Computational Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emilie Montenont
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Phillipe Loher
- Computational Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Middleton
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Robert Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paul Bray
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Isidore Rigoutsos
- Computational Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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10
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Barrett TJ. Targeting PAR4 to Reduce Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2179-2182. [PMID: 37767705 PMCID: PMC10772896 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J Barrett
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, New York
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11
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Thibord F, Johnson AD. Sources of variability in the human platelet transcriptome. Thromb Res 2023; 231:255-263. [PMID: 37357099 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are anucleated cells produced by megakaryocytes, from which they inherit all the components necessary to carry their functions. They circulate in blood vessels where they play essential roles in coagulation, wound repair or inflammation, and have been implicated in various pathological conditions such as thrombosis, viral infection or cancer progression. The importance of these cells has been established over a century ago, and effective anti-platelet medications with different mechanisms of action have since been developed. However, these therapies are not always effective and can incur adverse events, thus a better understanding of platelets molecular processes is needed to address these issues and improve our understanding of platelet functions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have leveraged OMICs technologies to analyze their content and identify molecular signatures and mechanisms associated with platelet functions and platelet related disorders. In particular, the increased accessibility of microarrays and RNA sequencing opened the way for studies of the platelet transcriptome under a wide array of conditions. These studies revealed distinct expression profiles in diverse pathologies, which could lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and suggests a dynamic transcriptome that could influence platelet mechanisms. In this review, we highlight the different sources of transcript level variability in platelets while summarizing recent advances and discoveries from this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Thibord
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 73 Mt. Wayte, Suite #2, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University and NHLBI, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Suite #2, Framingham, MA 01702, USA.
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 73 Mt. Wayte, Suite #2, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University and NHLBI, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave, Suite #2, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
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12
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Siebert AE, Brake MA, Verbeek SC, Johnston AJ, Morgan AP, Cleuren AC, Jurek AM, Schneider CD, Germain DM, Battistuzzi FU, Zhu G, Miller DR, Johnsen JM, Pardo-Manuel de Villena F, Rondina MT, Westrick RJ. Identification of genomic loci regulating platelet plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in mice. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:2917-2928. [PMID: 37364776 PMCID: PMC10826891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, Serpine1) is an important circulating fibrinolysis inhibitor. PAI-1 exists in 2 pools, packaged within platelet α-granules and freely circulating in plasma. Elevated plasma PAI-1 levels are associated with cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the regulation of platelet PAI-1 (pPAI-1). OBJECTIVES We investigated the genetic control of pPAI-1 levels in mice and humans. METHODS We measured pPAI-1 antigen levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in platelets isolated from 10 inbred mouse strains, including LEWES/EiJ (LEWES) and C57BL/6J (B6). LEWES and B6 were crossed to produce the F1 generation, B6LEWESF1. B6LEWESF1 mice were intercrossed to produce B6LEWESF2 mice. These mice were subjected to genome-wide genetic marker genotyping followed by quantitative trait locus analysis to identify pPAI-1 regulatory loci. RESULTS We identified differences in pPAI-1 between several laboratory strains, with LEWES having pPAI-1 levels more than 10-fold higher than those in B6. Quantitative trait locus analysis of B6LEWESF2 offspring identified a major pPAI-1 regulatory locus on chromosome 5 from 136.1 to 137.6 Mb (logarithm of the odds score, 16.2). Significant pPAI-1 modifier loci on chromosomes 6 and 13 were also identified. CONCLUSION Identification of pPAI-1 genomic regulatory elements provides insights into platelet/megakaryocyte-specific and cell type-specific gene expression. This information can be used to design more precise therapeutic targets for diseases where PAI-1 plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Siebert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Marisa A Brake
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephanie C Verbeek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Andrew P Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Audrey C Cleuren
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adrianna M Jurek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Caitlin D Schneider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Derrik M Germain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Fabia U Battistuzzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA; Centers for Data Science and Big Data Analytics and Biomedical Research, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Guojing Zhu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Darla R Miller
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jill M Johnsen
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, and Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- Molecular Medicine Program, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; The George E. Wahlen Department of Medical Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Randal J Westrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA; Centers for Data Science and Big Data Analytics and Biomedical Research, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA; Eye Research Center and Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA.
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13
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Seetharam SM, Liu Y, Wu J, Fechter L, Murugesan K, Maecker H, Gotlib J, Zehnder J, Paulmurugan R, Krishnan A. Enkurin: a novel marker for myeloproliferative neoplasms from platelet, megakaryocyte, and whole blood specimens. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5433-5445. [PMID: 37315179 PMCID: PMC10509670 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired protein homeostasis, though well established in age-related disorders, has been recently linked with the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). However, little is known about MPN-specific modulators of proteostasis, thus impeding our ability for increased mechanistic understanding and discovery of additional therapeutic targets. Loss of proteostasis, in itself, is traced to dysregulated mechanisms in protein folding and intracellular calcium signaling at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, using ex vivo and in vitro systems (including CD34+ cultures from patient bone marrow and healthy cord/peripheral blood specimens), we extend our prior data from platelet RNA sequencing in patients with MPN and discover select proteostasis-associated markers at RNA and/or protein levels in each of platelet, parent megakaryocyte, and whole blood specimens. Importantly, we identify a novel role in MPNs for enkurin (ENKUR), a calcium mediator protein originally implicated only in spermatogenesis. Our data reveal consistent ENKUR downregulation at both RNA and protein levels across specimens from patients with MPN and experimental models (including upon treatment with thapsigargin, an agent that causes protein misfolding in the ER by selective loss of calcium), with a concomitant upregulation of a cell cycle marker, CDC20. Silencing of ENKUR using short hairpin RNA in CD34+-derived megakaryocytes further confirms this association with CDC20 at both RNA and protein levels and indicates a likely role for the PI3K/Akt pathway. Together, our work sheds light on enkurin as a novel marker of MPN pathogenesis and indicates further mechanistic investigation into a role for dysregulated calcium homeostasis and ER and protein folding stress in MPN transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason Wu
- High-Throughput Bioscience Center and Stanford Genomics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Lenn Fechter
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Holden Maecker
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - James Zehnder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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14
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Denorme F, Armstrong ND, Stoller ML, Portier I, Tugolukova EA, Tanner RM, Montenont E, Bhatlekar S, Cody M, Rustad JL, Ajanel A, Tolley ND, Murray DC, Boyle JL, Nieman MT, McKenzie SE, Yost CC, Lange LA, Cushman M, Irvin MR, Bray PF, Campbell RA. The predominant PAR4 variant in individuals of African ancestry worsens murine and human stroke outcomes. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e169608. [PMID: 37471144 PMCID: PMC10503801 DOI: 10.1172/jci169608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) (gene F2RL3) harbors a functional dimorphism, rs773902 A/G (encoding Thr120/Ala120, respectively) and is associated with greater platelet aggregation. The A allele frequency is more common in Black individuals, and Black individuals have a higher incidence of ischemic stroke than White individuals. However, it is not known whether the A allele is responsible for worse stroke outcomes. To directly test the in vivo effect of this variant on stroke, we generated mice in which F2rl3 was replaced by F2RL3, thereby expressing human PAR4 (hPAR4) with either Thr120 or Ala120. Compared with hPAR4 Ala120 mice, hPAR4 Thr120 mice had worse stroke outcomes, mediated in part by enhanced platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil interactions. Analyses of 7,620 Black subjects with 487 incident ischemic strokes demonstrated the AA genotype was a risk for incident ischemic stroke and worse functional outcomes. In humanized mice, ticagrelor with or without aspirin improved stroke outcomes in hPAR4 Ala120 mice, but not in hPAR4 Thr120 mice. P selectin blockade improved stroke outcomes and reduced platelet-neutrophil interactions in hPAR4 Thr120 mice. Our results may explain some of the racial disparity in stroke and support the need for studies of nonstandard antiplatelet therapies for patients expressing PAR4 Thr120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Denorme
- Program in Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Neurology, Division of Vascular Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nicole D. Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rikki M. Tanner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julie L. Boyle
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marvin T. Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven E. McKenzie
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christian Con Yost
- Program in Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Neurology, Division of Vascular Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paul F. Bray
- Program in Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, and
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- Program in Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, and
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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15
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Zapata-Martínez L, Águila S, de los Reyes-García AM, Carrillo-Tornel S, Lozano ML, González-Conejero R, Martínez C. Inflammatory microRNAs in cardiovascular pathology: another brick in the wall. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196104. [PMID: 37275892 PMCID: PMC10233054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) is mainly mediated by their effect on protein expression and is recognized in a multitude of pathophysiological processes. In recent decades, accumulating evidence has interest in these factors as modulatory elements of cardiovascular pathophysiology. Furthermore, additional biological processes have been identified as new components of cardiovascular disease etiology. In particular, inflammation is now considered an important cardiovascular risk factor. Thus, in the present review, we will focus on the role of a subset of miRNAs called inflamma-miRs that may regulate inflammatory status in the development of cardiovascular pathology. According to published data, the most representative candidates that play functional roles in thromboinflammation are miR-21, miR-33, miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223. We will describe the functions of these miRNAs in several cardiovascular pathologies in depth, with specific emphasis on the molecular mechanisms related to atherogenesis. We will also discuss the latest findings on the role of miRNAs as regulators of neutrophil extracellular traps and their impact on cardiovascular diseases. Overall, the data suggest that the use of miRNAs as therapeutic tools or biomarkers may improve the diagnosis or prognosis of adverse cardiovascular events in inflammatory diseases. Thus, targeting or increasing the levels of adequate inflamma-miRs at different stages of disease could help mitigate or avoid the development of cardiovascular morbidities.
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16
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Fradin J, Kim FJ, Lu-Yao GL, Storozynsky E, Kelly WK. Review of Cardiovascular Risk of Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Influence of Race in Men with Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2316. [PMID: 37190244 PMCID: PMC10136828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy is the cornerstone of prostate cancer therapy. Recent studies have revealed an association between androgen deprivation therapy and cardiovascular adverse effects such as myocardial infarction and stroke. This review summarizes the available research on the cardiovascular risk of men using androgen deprivation therapy. We also discuss racial disparities surrounding both prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease, emphasizing the importance of biological/molecular and socioeconomic factors in assessing baseline risk in patients beginning androgen ablation. Based on the literature, we provide recommendations for monitoring patients who are at high risk for a cardiovascular adverse event while being treated on androgen deprivation therapy. This review aims to present the current research on androgen deprivation therapy and cardiovascular toxicity with an emphasis on racial disparities and provides a framework for clinicians to decrease the cardiovascular morbidity in men that are being treated with hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Fradin
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Felix J. Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Grace L. Lu-Yao
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Jefferson College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Eugene Storozynsky
- Jefferson Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel School of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - William K. Kelly
- Department of Medical Oncology and Urology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel School of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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17
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Liefaard MC, Moore KS, Mulder L, van den Broek D, Wesseling J, Sonke GS, Wessels LFA, Rookus M, Lips EH. Tumour-educated platelets for breast cancer detection: biological and technical insights. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1572-1581. [PMID: 36765174 PMCID: PMC10070267 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that blood platelets contain tumour-specific mRNA profiles tumour-educated platelets (TEPs). Here, we aim to train a TEP-based breast cancer detection classifier. METHODS Platelet mRNA was sequenced from 266 women with stage I-IV breast cancer and 212 female controls from 6 hospitals. A particle swarm optimised support vector machine (PSO-SVM) and an elastic net-based classifier (EN) were trained on 71% of the study population. Classifier performance was evaluated in the remainder (29%) of the population, followed by validation in an independent set (37 cases and 36 controls). Potential confounding was assessed in post hoc analyses. RESULTS Both classifiers reached an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 upon internal validation. Reproducibility in the independent validation set was poor with an AUC of 0.55 and 0.54 for the PSO-SVM and EN classifier, respectively. Post hoc analyses indicated that 19% of the variance in gene expression was associated with hospital. Genes related to platelet activity were differentially expressed between hospitals. CONCLUSIONS We could not validate two TEP-based breast cancer classifiers in an independent validation cohort. The TEP protocol is sensitive to within-protocol variation and revision might be necessary before TEPs can be reconsidered for breast cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte C Liefaard
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kat S Moore
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart Mulder
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van den Broek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gabe S Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk F A Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Rookus
- Department of Psychosocial and Epidemiology Research, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther H Lips
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Konstorum A, Mohanty S, Zhao Y, Melillo A, Vander Wyk B, Nelson A, Tsang S, Blevins TP, Belshe R, Chawla DG, Rondina MT, Gill TM, Montgomery RR, Allore HG, Kleinstein SH, Shaw AC. Platelet response to influenza vaccination reflects effects of aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13749. [PMID: 36656789 PMCID: PMC9924941 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are uniquely positioned as mediators of not only hemostasis but also innate immunity. However, how age and geriatric conditions such as frailty influence platelet function during an immune response remains unclear. We assessed the platelet transcriptome at baseline and following influenza vaccination in Younger (age 21-35) and Older (age ≥65) adults (including community-dwelling individuals who were largely non-frail and skilled nursing facility (SNF)-resident adults who nearly all met criteria for frailty). Prior to vaccination, we observed an age-associated increase in the expression of platelet activation and mitochondrial RNAs and decrease in RNAs encoding proteins mediating translation. Age-associated differences were also identified in post-vaccination response trajectories over 28 days. Using tensor decomposition analysis, we found increasing RNA expression of genes in platelet activation pathways in young participants, but decreasing levels in (SNF)-resident adults. Translation RNA trajectories were inversely correlated with these activation pathways. Enhanced platelet activation was found in community-dwelling older adults at the protein level, compared to young individuals both prior to and post-vaccination; whereas SNF residents showed decreased platelet activation compared to community-dwelling older adults that could reflect the influence of decreased translation RNA expression. Our results reveal alterations in the platelet transcriptome and activation responses that may contribute to age-associated chronic inflammation and the increased incidence of thrombotic and pro-inflammatory diseases in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Konstorum
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Subhasis Mohanty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Yujiao Zhao
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Anthony Melillo
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Brent Vander Wyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Allison Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Sui Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Tamara P. Blevins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineSaint Louis University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Robert B. Belshe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineSaint Louis University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Daniel G. Chawla
- Program in Computational Biology and BioinformaticsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Matthew T. Rondina
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, and the Molecular Medicine ProgramUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Medicine and the GRECCGeorge E. Wahlen VAMCSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Thomas M. Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Heather G. Allore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Program in Computational Biology and BioinformaticsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Albert C. Shaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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19
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Mosale Seetharam S, Liu Y, Wu J, Fechter L, Murugesan K, Maecker H, Gotlib J, Zehnder J, Paulmurugan R, Krishnan A. Enkurin: A novel marker for myeloproliferative neoplasms from platelet, megakaryocyte, and whole blood specimens. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.07.523111. [PMID: 36712071 PMCID: PMC9881897 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.07.523111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired protein homeostasis, though well established in age-related disorders, has been linked in recent research with the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). As yet, however, little is known about MPN-specific modulators of proteostasis, thus impeding our ability for increased mechanistic understanding and discovery of additional therapeutic targets. Loss of proteostasis, in itself, is traced to dysregulated mechanisms in protein folding and intracellular calcium signaling at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, using ex vivo and in vitro systems (including CD34 + cultures from patient bone marrow, and healthy cord/peripheral blood specimens), we extend our prior data from MPN patient platelet RNA sequencing, and discover select proteostasis-associated markers at RNA and/or protein levels in each of platelets, parent megakaryocytes, and whole blood specimens. Importantly, we identify a novel role in MPNs for enkurin ( ENKUR ), a calcium mediator protein, implicated originally only in spermatogenesis. Our data reveal consistent ENKUR downregulation at both RNA and protein levels across MPN patient specimens and experimental models, with a concomitant upregulation of a cell cycle marker, CDC20 . Silencing of ENKUR by shRNA in CD34 + derived megakaryocytes further confirm this association with CDC20 at both RNA and protein levels; and indicate a likely role for the PI3K/Akt pathway. The inverse association of ENKUR and CDC20 expression was further confirmed upon treatment with thapsigargin (an agent that causes protein misfolding in the ER by selective loss of calcium) in both megakaryocyte and platelet fractions at RNA and protein levels. Together, our work sheds light on enkurin as a novel marker of MPN pathogenesis beyond the genetic alterations; and indicates further mechanistic investigation into a role for dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and ER and protein folding stress in MPN transformation. VISUAL ABSTRACT Key Points Enkurin, a calcium adaptor protein, is identified as a novel marker of pathogenesis in MPNs.MPN megakaryocyte and platelet expression of enkurin at RNA and protein levels is inversely associated with a cell differentiation cycle gene, CDC20.Likely role for dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and ER and protein folding stress in MPN transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason Wu
- High-Throughput Bioscience Center (HTBC), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Lenn Fechter
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Holden Maecker
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - James Zehnder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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20
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Zhang H, Zhang K, Liu T, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Dong J, Wang F. The characterization and expression analysis under stress conditions of PCST1 in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2134675. [PMID: 36281762 PMCID: PMC9601564 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2134675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of PCST1 expression characteristics and the role of PCST1 in response to osmotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. The structure of PCST1 was analyzed using Bioinformatics method. Real-time PCR, GUS tissue localization and subcellular localization were adopted to analyze the expression pattern of PCST1 in Arabidopsis. To validate the transgenic positive strain of PCST1 using Real-time PCR, overexpression experiments were performed in wild type. Full-length cDNA was cloned and connected into a binary vector with 35S promoter, and the construction was transformed into wild type. With NaCl and mannitol treatments, the germination rate, green leaves rate, physiological indexes were carried out and counted in Arabidopsis with overexpression of PCST1 and T-DNA insertion mutants. The molecular mechanism of PCST1 in response to osmotic stress in Arabidopsis was analyzed. Based on the bioinformatic analysis, PCST1 is a hydrophobin with 403 amino acids, and the molecular weight is 45.3236 KDa. It contains only the START (the lipid/sterol - binding StAR - related lipid transfer protein domains) conservative domain. PCST1 possesses phosphatidylcholine binding sites and transmembrane region. Expression pattern analysis showed that expression of PCST1 increased with time. The PCST1 widely expressed in Arabidopsis, including roots, axils of stem leaves, flowers (sepal, conductive tissue of the petal, thrum, anther and stigmas), and the top and basal parts of the siliquas. It mainly localized in cell membrane. The overexpression of PCST1 enhanced the sensitivity to osmotic stress in Arabidopsis based on the germination rate. While expression of PCST1 decreased, and the sensitivity to osmotic stress had no obvious change in Arabidopsis. Its molecular mechanism study showed, that PCST1 response to osmotic stress resistance by regulating the proline, betaine synthesis, as well as the expression of key genes SOS, NCED, CIPK. PCST1 is composed of 403 amino acids. The START conservative domain, a transmembrane structure, the phosphatidyl choline binding sites are contained in PCST1. It is localized in cytoplasmic membrane. The PCST1 widely expressed in the root, leaf, flower and siliquas. NaCl and mannitol suppressed the expression of PCST1 and PCST1 can negatively control action of Arabidopsis in the osmotic stress. PCST1 regulates the synthetic pathway of proline, betaine and the expression of SOS, NCED and CIPK in response to the osmotic stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Pear Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jingao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Fengru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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21
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Manne BK, Campbell RA, Bhatlekar S, Ajanel A, Denorme F, Portier I, Middleton EA, Tolley ND, Kosaka Y, Montenont E, Guo L, Rowley JW, Bray PF, Jacob S, Fukanaga R, Proud C, Weyrich AS, Rondina MT. MAPK-interacting kinase 1 regulates platelet production, activation, and thrombosis. Blood 2022; 140:2477-2489. [PMID: 35930749 PMCID: PMC9918849 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022015568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The MAPK-interacting kinase (Mnk) family includes Mnk1 and Mnk2, which are phosphorylated and activated in response to extracellular stimuli. Mnk1 contributes to cellular responses by regulating messenger RNA (mRNA) translation, and mRNA translation influences platelet production and function. However, the role of Mnk1 in megakaryocytes and platelets has not previously been studied. The present study investigated Mnk1 in megakaryocytes and platelets using both pharmacological and genetic approaches. We demonstrate that Mnk1, but not Mnk2, is expressed and active in human and murine megakaryocytes and platelets. Stimulating human and murine megakaryocytes and platelets induced Mnk1 activation and phosphorylation of eIF4E, a downstream target of activated Mnk1 that triggers mRNA translation. Mnk1 inhibition or deletion significantly diminished protein synthesis in megakaryocytes as measured by polysome profiling and [35S]-methionine incorporation assays. Depletion of Mnk1 also reduced megakaryocyte ploidy and proplatelet forming megakaryocytes in vitro and resulted in thrombocytopenia. However, Mnk1 deletion did not affect the half-life of circulating platelets. Platelets from Mnk1 knockout mice exhibited reduced platelet aggregation, α granule secretion, and integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Ribosomal footprint sequencing indicated that Mnk1 regulates the translation of Pla2g4a mRNA (which encodes cPLA2) in megakaryocytes. Consistent with this, Mnk1 ablation reduced cPLA2 activity and thromboxane generation in platelets and megakaryocytes. In vivo, Mnk1 ablation protected against platelet-dependent thromboembolism. These results provide previously unrecognized evidence that Mnk1 regulates mRNA translation and cellular activation in platelets and megakaryocytes, endomitosis and thrombopoiesis, and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Seema Bhatlekar
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Abigail Ajanel
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Frederik Denorme
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Irina Portier
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Elizabeth A. Middleton
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Neal D. Tolley
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yasuhiro Kosaka
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Emilie Montenont
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Li Guo
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jesse W. Rowley
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Paul F. Bray
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Shancy Jacob
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Rikiro Fukanaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Christopher Proud
- Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Weyrich
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Matthew T. Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Salt Lake City, UT
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22
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Cofer LB, Barrett TJ, Berger JS. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Time for a Platelet-Guided Approach. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:1207-1216. [PMID: 36047408 PMCID: PMC9484763 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin protects against atherothrombosis while increasing the risk of major bleeding. Although it is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), its benefit does not outweigh its risk for primary CVD prevention in large population settings. The recent United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines on aspirin use to prevent CVD reflect this clinical tradeoff as well as the persistent struggle to define a population that would benefit from prophylactic aspirin therapy. Past clinical trials of primary CVD prevention with aspirin have not included consideration of a biomarker relevant to aspirin's mechanism of action, platelet inhibition. This approach is at odds with the paradigm used in other key areas of pharmacological CVD prevention, including antihypertensive and statin therapy, which combine cardiovascular risk assessment with the measurement of mechanistic biomarkers (eg, blood pressure and LDL [low-density lipoprotein]-cholesterol). Reliable methods for quantifying platelet activity, including light transmission aggregometry and platelet transcriptomics, exist and should be considered to identify individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk due to a hyperreactive platelet phenotype. Therefore, we propose a new, platelet-guided approach to the study of prophylactic aspirin therapy. We think that this new approach will reveal a population with hyperreactive platelets who will benefit most from primary CVD prevention with aspirin and usher in a new era of precision-guided antiplatelet therapy.
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23
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Hadley JB, Kelher MR, Coleman JR, Kelly KK, Dumont LJ, Esparza O, Banerjee A, Cohen MJ, Jones K, Silliman CC. Hormones, age, and sex affect platelet responsiveness in vitro. Transfusion 2022; 62:1882-1893. [PMID: 35929193 PMCID: PMC9464702 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female sex confers a survival advantage following severe injury in the setting of trauma-induced coagulopathy, with female platelets having heightened responsiveness likely due to estrogen. The effects of testosterone on platelet biology are unknown, and platelets express both estradiol and androgen receptors on the plasma membrane. We hypothesize testosterone decreases platelet responses in vitro, and there are baseline differences in platelet function and metabolism stratified by sex/age. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Apheresis platelets were collected from: older males (OM) ≥45 years, younger males (YM) <45 years, older females (OF) ≥54 years, and younger females (YF) <54 years, and testosterone and estradiol were measured. Platelets were incubated with testosterone (5.31 ng/ml), estradiol (105 pg/ml) or vehicle and stimulated with buffer, adenosine diphosphate (20 μM), platelet activating factor (2 μM), or thrombin (0.3 U/ml). Aggregation, CD62P surface expression, fibrinogen receptor surface expression, and platelet mitochondrial metabolism were measured. RESULTS Testosterone significantly inhibited aggregation in OF and OM (p < .05), inhibited CD41a expression in YF, YM, and OM (p < .05), and affected a few of the baseline amounts of CD62P surface expression but not platelet activation to platelet-activating factor and adenosine diphosphate, and variably changed platelet metabolism. DISCUSSION Platelets have sex- and age-specific aggregation, receptor expression, and metabolism. Testosterone decreases platelet function dependent on the stimulus, age, and sex. Similarly, platelet metabolism has varying responses to sex hormones with baseline metabolic differences dependent upon sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie B Hadley
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marguerite R Kelher
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Julia R Coleman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Larry J Dumont
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
- The Department of Pathology School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Orlando Esparza
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mitchell J Cohen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth Jones
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Christopher C Silliman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
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24
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Sun Y, Liu R, Xia X, Xing L, Jiang J, Bian W, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhang C. Large-Scale Profiling on lncRNAs in Human Platelets: Correlation with Platelet Reactivity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142256. [PMID: 35883699 PMCID: PMC9319970 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been key regulators for both mRNAs and proteins in nucleated cells. However, the expression profiles of lncRNAs in non-nucleated cells such as platelets are currently unclear. In this study, we determined the expression profiles of lncRNAs in human platelets. We found that 6109 lncRNAs were expressed in human platelets. Interestingly, 338 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in hyperreactive and hyporeactive platelets. Bioinformatics’ analysis revealed that these aberrantly expressed lncRNAs might be related to platelet activity and other platelet functions. To provide a proof of concept, we measured the expression levels of PARLncRNA-1, a down-regulated lncRNA of hyperreactive platelets, in platelets from 12 patients with acute myocardial infarction and their controls. We found that the lncRNA was also significantly down-regulated in platelets from patients, which was partially reversed by treatment with aspirin a known antiplatelet drug. LncRNAs may represent a novel class of modulators for platelet functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeying Sun
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Rongrong Liu
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiangwen Xia
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Luchuan Xing
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Jing Jiang
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Weihua Bian
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Wendy Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Chunhua Wang
- US-China Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China; (Y.S.); (R.L.); (X.X.); (L.X.); (J.J.); (W.B.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-001-830-3162828
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25
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Merali S, Wang Z, Frost C, Callejo M, Hedrick M, Hui L, Meadows Shropshire S, Xu K, Bouvier M, DeSouza MM, Yang J. New oral protease-activated receptor 4 antagonist BMS-986120: tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and gene variant effects in humans. Platelets 2022; 33:969-978. [PMID: 35758258 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2088719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BMS-986120 is a novel first-in-class oral protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) antagonist exhibiting robust antithrombotic activity that has shown low bleeding risk in monkeys. We sought to assess pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerability of BMS-986120 in healthy participants and platelet responses to BMS-986120 in participants carrying PAR4 A120T variants. Phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled single-ascending-dose (SAD; N = 56) and multiple-ascending-dose (MAD; N = 32) studies were conducted. Exposure was approximately dose-proportional: maximum concentrations 27.3 and 1536 ng/mL, areas under the curve (AUC) to infinity of 164 and 15,603 h*ng/mL, and half-lives of 44.7 and 84.1 hours for 3.0 and 180 mg, respectively. The accumulation index suggested an ~2-fold AUC increase at steady state. Single doses of 75 and 180 mg BMS-986120 produced ≥80% inhibition of 12.5 μM PAR4 agonist peptide (AP)-induced platelet aggregation through at least 24 hours postdose, and doses ≥10 mg for ~7 days inhibited aggregation completely through 24 hours. No differences in PAR4-mediated platelet response were seen between AA120 versus TT120 PAR4 variants. In cells expressing A120 or T120 PAR4 proteins, no differences in half-maximal effective concentration in receptor activation by PAR4-AP were observed. BMS-986120 was well tolerated with dose-proportional pharmacokinetics and concentration-dependent pharmacodynamics in healthy participants over a wide dose range.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02208882.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Merali
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Zhaoqing Wang
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Charles Frost
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Mario Callejo
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Hedrick
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Lester Hui
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Ke Xu
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mary M DeSouza
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Research and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
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26
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Leng Q, Ding J, Dai M, Liu L, Fang Q, Wang DW, Wu L, Wang Y. Insights Into Platelet-Derived MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular and Oncologic Diseases: Potential Predictor and Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:879351. [PMID: 35757325 PMCID: PMC9218259 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.879351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), represented by cardiovascular diseases and cancer, have been the leading cause of death globally. Improvements in mortality from cardiovascular (CV) diseases (decrease of 14%/100,000, United States) or cancers (increase 7.5%/100,000, United States) seem unsatisfactory during the past two decades, and so the search for innovative and accurate biomarkers of early diagnosis and prevention, and novel treatment strategies is a valuable clinical and economic endeavor. Both tumors and cardiovascular system are rich in angiological systems that maintain material exchange, signal transduction and distant regulation. This pattern determines that they are strongly influenced by circulating substances, such as glycolipid metabolism, inflammatory homeostasis and cyclic non-coding RNA and so forth. Platelets, a group of small anucleated cells, inherit many mature proteins, mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs from their parent megakaryocytes during gradual formation and manifest important roles in inflammation, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, cancer, and many other diseases apart from its classical function in hemostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs containing ∼22 nucleotides that participate in many key cellular processes by pairing with mRNAs at partially complementary binding sites for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Platelets contain fully functional miRNA processors in their microvesicles and are able to transport their miRNAs to neighboring cells and regulate their gene expression. Therefore, the importance of platelet-derived miRNAs for the human health is of increasing interest. Here, we will elaborate systematically the roles of platelet-derived miRNAs in cardiovascular disease and cancer in the hope of providing clinicians with new ideas for early diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.
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27
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Matsuoka A, Koami H, Shinada K, Sasaki A, Yamazaki H, Mori K, Nakayama K, Asahi M, Yoshitake K, Narumi S, Koba M, Kawaguchi A, Sakamoto Y. Investigation of predictors of bleeding complications in COVID-19 using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM Ⓡ): A retrospective study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e655. [PMID: 35620542 PMCID: PMC9125870 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemorrhagic complications in patients with coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) are infrequent but associated with a prognosis. This study aimed to elucidate the risk factors for bleeding complications in patients with COVID-19 using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) parameters and blood tests performed at admission. Methods In total, 31 patients with severe COVID-19 treated intensively at Saga University Hospital were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of hemorrhagic complications. Results from the blood tests performed at admission and during hospitalization, and ROTEM values acquired upon admission, were compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in ROTEM values upon admission between the bleeding and non-bleeding groups. Receiver operating curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) and extrinsically-activated test with tissue factor (EXTEM) amplitude at 10 min (A10) were 0.82 (0.52-0.92) and 0.81 (0.58-0.93), respectively. Logistic regression analysis with PT-INR and EXTEM A10 as factors calculated an odds ratio of 1.94 (1.04-3.62) and EXTEM A10 0.86 (0.71-1.05) for bleeding complications occurrence. Conclusion ROTEM may be a sensitive predictor for bleeding complications in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Matsuoka
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Koami
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Kota Shinada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Hirotaka Yamazaki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Kosuke Mori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Kento Nakayama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Miho Asahi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Kunimasa Yoshitake
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Shogo Narumi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Mayuko Koba
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Education and Research Center for Community Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Sakamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of MedicineSaga UniversitySaga CitySagaJapan
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28
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Stoller ML, Basak I, Denorme F, Rowley JW, Alsobrooks J, Parsawar K, Nieman MT, Yost CC, Hamilton JR, Bray PF, Campbell RA. Neutrophil cathepsin G proteolysis of protease-activated receptor 4 generates a novel, functional tethered ligand. Blood Adv 2022; 6:2303-2308. [PMID: 34883511 PMCID: PMC9006282 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-neutrophil interactions regulate ischemic vascular injury. Platelets are activated by serine proteases that cleave protease-activated receptor (PAR) amino termini, resulting in an activating tethered ligand. Neutrophils release cathepsin G (CatG) at sites of injury and inflammation, which activates PAR4 but not PAR1, although the molecular mechanism of CatG-induced PAR4 activation is unknown. We show that blockade of the canonical PAR4 thrombin cleavage site did not alter CatG-induced platelet aggregation, suggesting CatG cleaves a different site than thrombin. Mass spectrometry analysis using PAR4 N-terminus peptides revealed CatG cleavage at Ser67-Arg68. A synthetic peptide, RALLLGWVPTR, representing the tethered ligand resulting from CatG proteolyzed PAR4, induced PAR4-dependent calcium flux and greater platelet aggregation than the thrombin-generated GYPGQV peptide. Mutating PAR4 Ser67or Arg68 reduced CatG-induced calcium flux without affecting thrombin-induced calcium flux. Dog platelets, which contain a conserved CatG PAR4 Ser-Arg cleavage site, aggregated in response to human CatG and RALLLGWVPTR, while mouse (Ser-Gln) and rat (Ser-Glu) platelets were unresponsive. Thus, CatG amputates the PAR4 thrombin cleavage site by cleavage at Ser67-Arg68 and activates PAR4 by generating a new functional tethered ligand. These findings support PAR4 as an important CatG signaling receptor and suggest a novel therapeutic approach for blocking platelet-neutrophil-mediated pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Stoller
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Indranil Basak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Frederik Denorme
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jesse W. Rowley
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - James Alsobrooks
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Krishna Parsawar
- Analytical and Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Marvin T. Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christian Con Yost
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Justin R. Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; and
| | - Paul F. Bray
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, and
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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29
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Apostolidis SA, Sarkar A, Giannini HM, Goel RR, Mathew D, Suzuki A, Baxter AE, Greenplate AR, Alanio C, Abdel-Hakeem M, Oldridge DA, Giles JR, Wu JE, Chen Z, Huang YJ, Belman J, Pattekar A, Manne S, Kuthuru O, Dougherty J, Weiderhold B, Weisman AR, Ittner CAG, Gouma S, Dunbar D, Frank I, Huang AC, Vella LA, Reilly JP, Hensley SE, Rauova L, Zhao L, Meyer NJ, Poncz M, Abrams CS, Wherry EJ. Signaling Through FcγRIIA and the C5a-C5aR Pathway Mediate Platelet Hyperactivation in COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:834988. [PMID: 35309299 PMCID: PMC8928747 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.834988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Thromboembolic events constitute a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Severe COVID-19 has been associated with hyperinflammation and pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Platelets are important mediators and sensors of inflammation and are directly affected by cardiovascular stressors. In this report, we found that platelets from severely ill, hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibited higher basal levels of activation measured by P-selectin surface expression and had poor functional reserve upon in vitro stimulation. To investigate this question in more detail, we developed an assay to assess the capacity of plasma from COVID-19 patients to activate platelets from healthy donors. Platelet activation was a common feature of plasma from COVID-19 patients and correlated with key measures of clinical outcome including kidney and liver injury, and APACHEIII scores. Further, we identified ferritin as a pivotal clinical marker associated with platelet hyperactivation. The COVID-19 plasma-mediated effect on control platelets was highest for patients that subsequently developed inpatient thrombotic events. Proteomic analysis of plasma from COVID-19 patients identified key mediators of inflammation and cardiovascular disease that positively correlated with in vitro platelet activation. Mechanistically, blocking the signaling of the FcγRIIa-Syk and C5a-C5aR pathways on platelets, using antibody-mediated neutralization, IgG depletion or the Syk inhibitor fostamatinib, reversed this hyperactivity driven by COVID-19 plasma and prevented platelet aggregation in endothelial microfluidic chamber conditions. These data identified these potentially actionable pathways as central for platelet activation and/or vascular complications and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, we reveal a key role of platelet-mediated immunothrombosis in COVID-19 and identify distinct, clinically relevant, targetable signaling pathways that mediate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis A. Apostolidis
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amrita Sarkar
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Heather M. Giannini
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rishi R. Goel
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Divij Mathew
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aae Suzuki
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amy E. Baxter
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Allison R. Greenplate
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Immune Health™, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cécile Alanio
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Hakeem
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Derek A. Oldridge
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Josephine R. Giles
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer E. Wu
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yinghui Jane Huang
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan Belman
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ajinkya Pattekar
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Immune Health™, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Oliva Kuthuru
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jeanette Dougherty
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Brittany Weiderhold
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ariel R. Weisman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Caroline A. G. Ittner
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sigrid Gouma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Debora Dunbar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ian Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alexander C. Huang
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Laura A. Vella
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John P. Reilly
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Scott E. Hensley
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lubica Rauova
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nuala J. Meyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mortimer Poncz
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles S. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - E. John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Immune Health™, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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30
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Bhatlekar S, Jacob S, Tugolukova E, Manne BK, Kosaka Y, Loher P, O'Connell RM, Planelles V, Rondina MT, Rigoutsos I, Bray PF. Interferon α-induced SAMHD1 regulates human cultured megakaryocyte apoptosis and proplatelet formation. Haematologica 2022; 107:558-561. [PMID: 34758609 PMCID: PMC8804568 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Bhatlekar
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Shancy Jacob
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Emilia Tugolukova
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Bhanu K Manne
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yasuhiro Kosaka
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Phillipe Loher
- Computational Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Vicente Planelles
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT and the George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Medicine and George E. Wahlen VAMC GRECC, Salt Lake City
| | - Isidore Rigoutsos
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT and the George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Medicine and George E. Wahlen VAMC GRECC, Salt Lake City
| | - Paul F Bray
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
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31
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Krishnan A, Thomas S. Toward platelet transcriptomics in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:316-322. [PMID: 34811507 PMCID: PMC8810955 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread adoption of next-generation techniques such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has enabled research examining the transcriptome of anucleate blood platelets in health and disease, thus revealing a rich platelet transcriptomic signature that is reprogrammed in response to disease. Platelet signatures not only capture information from parent megakaryocytes and progenitor hematopoietic stem cells but also the bone marrow microenvironment, and underlying disease states. In cancer, the substantive body of research in patients with solid tumours has identified distinct signatures in 'tumour-educated platelets', reflecting influences of the tumour, stroma and vasculature on splicing, sequestration of tumour-derived RNAs, and potentially cytokine and microvesicle influences on megakaryocytes. More recently, platelet RNA expression has emerged as a highly sensitive approach to profiling chronic progressive haematologic malignancies, where the combination of large data cohorts and machine-learning algorithms enables precise feature selection and potential prognostication. Despite these advances, however, our ability to translate platelet transcriptomics toward clinical diagnostic and prognostic efforts remains limited. In this Perspective, we present a few actionable steps for our basic, translational and clinical research communities in advancing the utility of the platelet transcriptome as a highly sensitive biomarker in cancer and collectively enable efforts toward clinical translation and patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sally Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
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32
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Sun SF, Hsu CW, Lin HS, Liou IH, Chou YC, Wu SY, Huang HY. A single intraarticular platelet-rich plasma improves pain and function for patients with early knee osteoarthritis: Analyses by radiographic severity and age. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:93-102. [PMID: 34092592 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies use platelet-rich plasma (PRP) requiring multiple intraarticular injections for knee osteoarthritis (OA). OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of a single intraarticular PRP injection for patients with early knee OA and consider subgroup analyses of radiographic severity and age, respectively. METHODS Forty-one patients with knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1-2) received a single PRP injection into the target knee and were assessed at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months postinjection. The primary outcome was the mean change from baseline in the visual analog scale (VAS) pain (0-100 mm) at 6 months postinjection. Secondary outcomes included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lequesne index, single leg stance test (SLS), use of rescue analgesics and patients' satisfaction. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients completed the study. The mean pain VAS decreased significantly from 45.6 ± 13.0 mm at baseline to 16.9 ± 13.4 mm, 14.0 ± 13.1 mm and 15.5 ± 14.0 mm at 1, 3 and 6-month follow-ups (p< 0.001 for all). Significant improvements in WOMAC, Lequesne index, SLS and consumption of analgesics from baseline (p< 0.001 for all) were noted at each follow-up. Patients' satisfaction was high. No serious adverse events occurred. Subgroup analyses revealed that patients with grade 1 OA showed significantly greater VAS pain reduction at 3 months (p= 0.006) and 6 months (p= 0.005) than patients with grade 2 OA. The older-age group (age > 60) showed significantly greater improvements in VAS pain, WOMAC function subscale scores and total scores at 6-month postinjection, compared with the younger age-group (age ≤ 60). The younger-age group reported better satisfaction at 1 and 3-month postinjection. CONCLUSIONS One injection of PRP improved pain and function for 6 months for patients with early knee OA. This study supports putting the one-injection regimen into clinical practice. Further research is needed for more definite conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Sun
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Hsu
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - I-Hsiu Liou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ya Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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33
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Wada A, Omae K, Yoshida K, Kondo T, Tanabe K, Takagi T. Comparison of surgical outcomes after robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy between patients continuing and discontinuing aspirin therapy: a Japanese single-centre study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:499-505. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the feasibility of continuing aspirin therapy in patients with renal tumours undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Methods
This retrospective, single-centre study included 106 patients receiving aspirin therapy who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The patients were divided into two groups, including those continuing and discontinuing aspirin therapy, and their surgical outcomes were compared. To minimise potential bias, variables including patient and tumour characteristics were adjusted using 1:1 propensity score matching.
Results
Aspirin therapy was used for ischaemic heart disease in 38 patients (36%), cerebrovascular disease in 21 (20%) and others in 47 (44%). Of the 106 patients, 49 were classified to the continuing group and 57 to the discontinuing group. After matching, 24 patients were included in each group. The surgical outcomes, such as changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, estimated blood loss, and surgical margin positivity rate, were not significantly different between the groups. In addition, no significant difference was observed in haemoglobin level changes during surgery (continuing: −2.3 g/dl; discontinuing: −1.7 g/dl, P = 0.0676) and haemorrhagic complications (continuing: 8%; discontinuing: 4%, P = 0.500). Multivariate analysis of predictors for haemoglobin level decrease >2 g/dl or haemorrhagic complications showed that, whereas tumour complexity was an independent predictor, continuation or discontinuation of aspirin therapy was not.
Conclusion
The surgical outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy between patients continuing and discontinuing aspirin therapy were not significantly different, thus suggesting the feasibility of continuing aspirin therapy in selected Japanese patients.
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34
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Selvadurai MV, Riaz M, Xie S, Tonkin A, McNeil JJ, Lacaze P, Hamilton J. The PAR4 platelet thrombin receptor variant rs773902 does not impact the incidence of thrombotic or bleeding events in a healthy older population. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:1130-1138. [PMID: 34852379 DOI: 10.1055/a-1711-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a platelet thrombin receptor important for thrombosis and a target of anti-platelet drug development. A frequently occurring single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs773902) causes a PAR4 sequence variant (NC_000019.10:p.Ala120Thr) whereby platelets from Thr120-expressing individuals are hyper-responsive to PAR4 agonists versus platelets from Ala120-expressing individuals. However, whether this enhanced platelet responsiveness translates to increased thrombotic risk or decreased bleeding risk remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To examine the association of rs773902 with adjudicated cardiovascular events and aspirin use in a randomized trial population of healthy older individuals. PATIENTS/METHODS We analyzed 13,547 participants in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial. Participants had no previous cardiovascular events at enrollment and were randomized to either 100 mg daily aspirin or placebo for a median follow-up of 4.7 years. Total genotypes were 8,761 (65%) GG (Ala120 variant), 4,303 (32%) heterozygotes, and 483 (4%) AA (Thr120 variant). Cox proportional hazard regression tested the relationship between rs773902 and thrombotic events (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE] and ischemic stroke [IS]) and bleeding (major hemorrhage [MHEM] and intracranial bleeding [ICB]). RESULTS No statistically significant association was observed overall or by treatment group between rs773902 and any thrombotic or bleeding event examined. Further, there was no significant interaction between rs773902 and treatment for any of MACE, IS, MHEM, or ICB. CONCLUSIONS This post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study suggests that, despite sensitizing platelet activation, the rs773902 PAR4 variant is not associated with thrombotic cardiovascular or bleeding events in a healthy older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Selvadurai
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Moeen Riaz
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sophia Xie
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Justin Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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35
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Lund M, Macwan AS, Tunströmer K, Lindahl TL, Boknäs N. Effects of Heparin and Bivalirudin on Thrombin-Induced Platelet Activation: Differential Modulation of PAR Signaling Drives Divergent Prothrombotic Responses. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:717835. [PMID: 34660719 PMCID: PMC8511449 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.717835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparin and bivalirudin are widely used as anticoagulants in the setting of acute thrombosis. In this study, we investigated how these drugs affect the ability of thrombin to generate a prothrombotic platelet response via activation of the protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 and 4. We examined the effects of heparin/antithrombin and bivalirudin on PAR1- and PAR4-mediated intracellular calcium mobilization, aggregation, α-granule release, and procoagulant membrane exposure in platelets exposed to thrombin concentrations likely to be encountered in the thrombus microenvironment during thrombosis. At physiological antithrombin levels, heparin treatment resulted in complete and sustained inhibition of thrombin-induced PAR4-mediated platelet activation, but transient PAR1 signaling was sufficient to elicit significant α-granule release and platelet aggregation. In contrast, bivalirudin treatment resulted in rapid and profound inhibition of signaling from both PAR receptors, followed by a delayed phase of PAR4-mediated platelet activation, resulting in a robust prothrombotic response. Combination treatment with bivalirudin and subtherapeutic concentrations of heparin completely inhibited the residual platelet activation observed with single drug treatment at all time-points. Our results show that heparin and bivalirudin have different and complementary inhibitory effects on the activation of PAR1 and PAR4 by thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Lund
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ankit S Macwan
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kjersti Tunströmer
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tomas L Lindahl
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Boknäs
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Hematology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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36
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Li S, Tarlac V, Christanto RBI, French SL, Hamilton JR. Determination of PAR4 numbers on the surface of human platelets: no effect of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs773902. Platelets 2021; 32:988-991. [PMID: 32819173 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1810654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The thrombin receptor, protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4), is important for platelet activation and is the target of emerging anti-thrombotic drugs. A frequently occurring single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs773902) causes a function-altering PAR4 sequence variant (NC_000019.10:p.Ala120Thr), whereby platelets from Thr120-expressing individuals are hyper-responsive to PAR4 agonists and hypo-responsive to some PAR4 antagonists than platelets from Ala120-expressing individuals. This altered pharmacology may impact PAR4 inhibitor development, yet the underlying mechanism(s) remain unknown. We tested whether PAR4 surface expression contributes to the altered receptor function. Quantitative flow cytometry was used to determine the absolute number of PAR4 on platelets from individuals subsequently genotyped at rs773902. We detected 539 ± 311 PAR4 per platelet (mean ± SD, n = 84). This number was not different across rs773902 genotypes. This first determination of cellular PAR4 numbers indicates variations in platelet surface expression do not explain the altered pharmacology of the rs773902 PAR4 sequence variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Li
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Volga Tarlac
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Shauna L French
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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37
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Ali HA, Alarabi AB, Karim ZA, Rodriguez V, Hernandez KR, Lozano PA, El-Halawany MS, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. In utero thirdhand smoke exposure modulates platelet function in a sex-dependent manner. Haematologica 2021; 107:312-315. [PMID: 34525795 PMCID: PMC8719073 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX
| | - Ahmed B Alarabi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX
| | - Zubair A Karim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El- Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Victor Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El- Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Keziah R Hernandez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El- Paso, El Paso, TX
| | - Patricia A Lozano
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX
| | - Medhat S El-Halawany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy Texas A/M University, Kingsville, TX.
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38
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Supernat A, Popęda M, Pastuszak K, Best MG, Grešner P, Veld SI', Siek B, Bednarz-Knoll N, Rondina MT, Stokowy T, Wurdinger T, Jassem J, Żaczek AJ. Transcriptomic landscape of blood platelets in healthy donors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15679. [PMID: 34344933 PMCID: PMC8333095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood platelet RNA-sequencing is increasingly used among the scientific community. Aberrant platelet transcriptome is common in cancer or cardiovascular disease, but reference data on platelet RNA content in healthy individuals are scarce and merit complex investigation. We sought to explore the dynamics of platelet transcriptome. Datasets from 204 healthy donors were used for the analysis of splice variants, particularly with regard to age, sex, blood storage time, unit of collection or library size. Genes B2M, PPBP, TMSB4X, ACTB, FTL, CLU, PF4, F13A1, GNAS, SPARC, PTMA, TAGLN2, OAZ1 and OST4 demonstrated the highest expression in the analysed cohort, remaining substantial transcription consistency. CSF3R gene was found upregulated in males (fold change 2.10, FDR q < 0.05). Cohort dichotomisation according to the median age, showed upregulated KSR1 in the older donors (fold change 2.11, FDR q < 0.05). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed two clusters which were irrespective of age, sex, storage time, collecting unit or library size. However, when donors are analysed globally (as vectors), sex, storage time, library size, the unit of blood collection as well as age impose a certain degree of between- and/or within-group variability. Healthy donor platelet transcriptome retains general consistency, with very few splice variants deviating from the landscape. Although multidimensional analysis reveals statistically significant variability between and within the analysed groups, biologically, these changes are minor and irrelevant while considering disease classification. Our work provides a reference for studies working both on healthy platelets and pathological conditions affecting platelet transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Supernat
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marta Popęda
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pastuszak
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Algorithms and Systems Modelling, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Myron G Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Grešner
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sjors In 't Veld
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bartłomiej Siek
- Department of History and Philosophy of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Bednarz-Knoll
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine and the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna J Żaczek
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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39
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Garofano K, Park CS, Alarcon C, Avitia J, Barbour A, Diemert D, Fraser CM, Friedman PN, Horvath A, Rashid K, Shaazuddin M, Sidahmed A, O'Brien TJ, Perera MA, Lee NH. Differences in the Platelet mRNA Landscape Portend Racial Disparities in Platelet Function and Suggest Novel Therapeutic Targets. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021; 110:702-713. [PMID: 34255863 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The African American (AA) population displays a 1.6 to 3-fold higher incidence of thrombosis and stroke mortality compared with European Americans (EAs). Current antiplatelet therapies target the ADP-mediated signaling pathway, which displays significant pharmacogenetic variation for platelet reactivity. The focus of this study was to define underlying population differences in platelet function in an effort to identify novel molecular targets for future antiplatelet therapy. We performed deep coverage RNA-Seq to compare gene expression levels in platelets derived from a cohort of healthy volunteers defined by ancestry determination. We identified > 13,000 expressed platelet genes of which 480 were significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AAs and EAs. DEGs encoding proteins known or predicted to modulate platelet aggregation, morphology, or platelet count were upregulated in AA platelets. Numerous G-protein coupled receptors, ion channels, and pro-inflammatory cytokines not previously associated with platelet function were likewise differentially expressed. Many of the signaling proteins represent potential pharmacologic targets of intervention. Notably, we confirmed the differential expression of cytokines IL32 and PROK2 in an independent cohort by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and provide functional validation of the opposing actions of these two cytokines on collagen-induced AA platelet aggregation. Using Genotype-Tissue Expression whole blood data, we identified 516 expression quantitative trait locuses with Fst values > 0.25, suggesting that population-differentiated alleles may contribute to differences in gene expression. This study identifies gene expression differences at the population level that may affect platelet function and serve as potential biomarkers to identify cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, our analysis uncovers candidate novel druggable targets for future antiplatelet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Garofano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Sehwan Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cristina Alarcon
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Juan Avitia
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - April Barbour
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - David Diemert
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Claire M Fraser
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paula N Friedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anelia Horvath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kameron Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammed Shaazuddin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alfateh Sidahmed
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Travis J O'Brien
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Minoli A Perera
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Norman H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, GW Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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40
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eQTLs in platelets and iPSC-megakaryocytes. Blood 2021; 137:869-870. [PMID: 33599763 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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41
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Grines CL, Klein AJ, Bauser-Heaton H, Alkhouli M, Katukuri N, Aggarwal V, Altin SE, Batchelor WB, Blankenship JC, Fakorede F, Hawkins B, Hernandez GA, Ijioma N, Keeshan B, Li J, Ligon RA, Pineda A, Sandoval Y, Young MN. Racial and ethnic disparities in coronary, vascular, structural, and congenital heart disease. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 98:277-294. [PMID: 33909339 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the United States. However, percutaneous interventional cardiovascular therapies are often underutilized in Blacks, Hispanics, and women and may contribute to excess morbidity and mortality in these vulnerable populations. The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) is committed to reducing racial, ethnic, and sex-based treatment disparities in interventional cardiology patients. Accordingly, each of the SCAI Clinical Interest Councils (coronary, peripheral, structural, and congenital heart disease [CHD]) participated in the development of this whitepaper addressing disparities in diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes in underserved populations. The councils were charged with summarizing the available data on prevalence, treatment, and outcomes and elucidating potential reasons for any disparities. Given the huge changes in racial and ethnic composition by age in the United States (Figure 1), it was difficult to determine disparities in rates of diagnosis and we expected to find some racial differences in prevalence of disease. For example, since the average age of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is 80 years, one may expect 80% of TAVR patients to be non-Hispanic White. Conversely, only 50% of congenital heart interventions would be expected to be performed in non-Hispanic Whites. Finally, we identified opportunities for SCAI to advance clinical care and equity for our patients, regardless of sex, ethnicity, or race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Grines
- Cardiology, Northside Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew J Klein
- Cardiology, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Holly Bauser-Heaton
- Pediatric Cardiology, Sibley Heart Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Neelima Katukuri
- Cardiology, Orlando VA Medical Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Varun Aggarwal
- Pediatric Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - S Elissa Altin
- Cardiovascular Disease, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wayne B Batchelor
- Interventional Cardiology, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - James C Blankenship
- Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Foluso Fakorede
- Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Solutions of Central Mississippi, Cleveland, Mississippi, USA
| | - Beau Hawkins
- Cardiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Gabriel A Hernandez
- Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - Britton Keeshan
- Clinical Pediatrics, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Cardiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - R Allen Ligon
- Pediatric Cardiology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital - Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, Florida, USA
| | - Andres Pineda
- Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Michael N Young
- Cardiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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42
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Apostolidis SA, Sarkar A, Giannini HM, Goel RR, Mathew D, Suzuki A, Baxter AE, Greenplate AR, Alanio C, Abdel-Hakeem M, Oldridge DA, Giles J, Wu JE, Chen Z, Huang YJ, Pattekar A, Manne S, Kuthuru O, Dougherty J, Weiderhold B, Weisman AR, Ittner CAG, Gouma S, Dunbar D, Frank I, Huang AC, Vella LA, Reilly JP, Hensley SE, Rauova L, Zhao L, Meyer NJ, Poncz M, Abrams CS, Wherry EJ. Signaling through FcγRIIA and the C5a-C5aR pathway mediates platelet hyperactivation in COVID-19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.05.01.442279. [PMID: 33972943 PMCID: PMC8109205 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.01.442279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Thromboembolic events constitute a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Severe COVID-19 has been associated with hyperinflammation and pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Platelets are important mediators and sensors of inflammation and are directly affected by cardiovascular stressors. In this report, we found that platelets from severely ill, hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibit higher basal levels of activation measured by P-selectin surface expression, and have a poor functional reserve upon in vitro stimulation. Correlating clinical features to the ability of plasma from COVID-19 patients to stimulate control platelets identified ferritin as a pivotal clinical marker associated with platelet hyperactivation. The COVID-19 plasma-mediated effect on control platelets was highest for patients that subsequently developed inpatient thrombotic events. Proteomic analysis of plasma from COVID-19 patients identified key mediators of inflammation and cardiovascular disease that positively correlated with in vitro platelet activation. Mechanistically, blocking the signaling of the FcγRIIa-Syk and C5a-C5aR pathways on platelets, using antibody-mediated neutralization, IgG depletion or the Syk inhibitor fostamatinib, reversed this hyperactivity driven by COVID-19 plasma and prevented platelet aggregation in endothelial microfluidic chamber conditions, thus identifying these potentially actionable pathways as central for platelet activation and/or vascular complications in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, we reveal a key role of platelet-mediated immunothrombosis in COVID-19 and identify distinct, clinically relevant, targetable signaling pathways that mediate this effect. These studies have implications for the role of platelet hyperactivation in complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVER ILLUSTRATION ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY The FcγRIIA and C5a-C5aR pathways mediate platelet hyperactivation in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis A. Apostolidis
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amrita Sarkar
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heather M. Giannini
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rishi R. Goel
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aae Suzuki
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E. Baxter
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allison R. Greenplate
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cécile Alanio
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Hakeem
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Derek A. Oldridge
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Josephine Giles
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Wu
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yinghui Jane Huang
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ajinkya Pattekar
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oliva Kuthuru
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeanette Dougherty
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brittany Weiderhold
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariel R. Weisman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caroline A. G. Ittner
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sigrid Gouma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Debora Dunbar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander C. Huang
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura A. Vella
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - John P. Reilly
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott E. Hensley
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lubica Rauova
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nuala J. Meyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mortimer Poncz
- Division of Hematology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles S. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E. John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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43
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Czajka P, Fitas A, Jakubik D, Eyileten C, Gasecka A, Wicik Z, Siller-Matula JM, Filipiak KJ, Postula M. MicroRNA as Potential Biomarkers of Platelet Function on Antiplatelet Therapy: A Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:652579. [PMID: 33935804 PMCID: PMC8081881 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.652579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs, able to regulate cellular functions by specific gene modifications. Platelets are the major source for circulating miRNAs, with significant regulatory potential on cardiovascular pathophysiology. MiRNAs have been shown to modify the expression of platelet proteins influencing platelet reactivity. Circulating miRNAs can be determined from plasma, serum, or whole blood, and they can be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of platelet reactivity during antiplatelet therapy as well as novel therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Herein, we review diagnostic and prognostic value of miRNAs levels related to platelet reactivity based on human studies, presenting its interindividual variability as well as the substantial role of genetics. Furthermore, we discuss antiplatelet treatment in the context of miRNAs alterations related to pathways associated with drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Czajka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alex Fitas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Jakubik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gasecka
- First Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland.,Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jolanta M Siller-Matula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- First Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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44
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Garcia A, Dunoyer-Geindre S, Fish RJ, Neerman-Arbez M, Reny JL, Fontana P. Methods to Investigate miRNA Function: Focus on Platelet Reactivity. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:409-421. [PMID: 33124028 PMCID: PMC8263142 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs modulating protein production. They are key players in regulation of cell function and are considered as biomarkers in several diseases. The identification of the proteins they regulate, and their impact on cell physiology, may delineate their role as diagnostic or prognostic markers and identify new therapeutic strategies. During the last 3 decades, development of a large panel of techniques has given rise to multiple models dedicated to the study of miRNAs. Since plasma samples are easily accessible, circulating miRNAs can be studied in clinical trials. To quantify miRNAs in numerous plasma samples, the choice of extraction and purification techniques, as well as normalization procedures, are important for comparisons of miRNA levels in populations and over time. Recent advances in bioinformatics provide tools to identify putative miRNAs targets that can then be validated with dedicated assays. In vitro and in vivo approaches aim to functionally validate candidate miRNAs from correlations and to understand their impact on cellular processes. This review describes the advantages and pitfalls of the available techniques for translational research to study miRNAs with a focus on their role in regulating platelet reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Garcia
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Richard J. Fish
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marguerite Neerman-Arbez
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Reny
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Fontana
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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45
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Newman JD, Cornwell MG, Zhou H, Rockman C, Heguy A, Suarez Y, Cheng HS, Feinberg MW, Hochman JS, Ruggles KV, Berger JS. Gene Expression Signature in Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1521-1533. [PMID: 33657880 PMCID: PMC8048111 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Newman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
| | - MacIntosh G. Cornwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine
- Institute of Systems Genetics
| | - Hua Zhou
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories
| | - Caron Rockman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine
- Genome Technology Center, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, NYU School of Medicine
| | - Yajaira Suarez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Henry S. Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Judith S. Hochman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
| | - Kelly V. Ruggles
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine
- Institute of Systems Genetics
| | - Jeffrey S. Berger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016
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46
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Abstract
Professor A. Koneti Rao has made many critical contributions to the field of platelet research for over forty years. He joined the editorial board of Platelets as a Principal Editor in 1989 before the start of the journal and the appointment of Stan Heptinstall, who was Editor-in-Chief for 25 years. Professor Rao retired from the editorial board in 2018. This article is based on an interview with Professor Rao that took place prior to the Platelets Editorial Board meeting and lunch in 2019 during the ISTH Congress in Melbourne. Professor Rao was presented with a plaque in recognition of his service to the journal. The article is a reflection on Professor Rao's personal life and his career in science, along with his views on the past and future of Platelets. Professor Rao continues to serve as a referee for the journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle M Halford
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amanda Dalby
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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47
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Abraham S, Ma L, Kong X, Askari S, Edelstein LC, McKenzie SE. PCTP contributes to human platelet activation by enhancing dense granule secretion. Thromb Res 2021; 202:67-73. [PMID: 33770537 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PCTP (phosphatidylcholine transfer protein) was discovered recently to regulate aggregation of human platelets stimulated with PAR4 activating peptide (PAR4AP). However, the role of PCTP following thrombin stimulation, the mechanisms by which PCTP contributes to platelet activation, and the role of PCTP with other receptors remained unknown. As mouse platelets do not express PCTP, we treated human platelets with various agonists in the presence of the specific PCTP inhibitor A1. We observed that PCTP inhibition significantly reduced dense granule secretion in response to thrombin, PAR1AP, PAR4AP, convulxin (GPVI agonist) and FcγRIIA crosslinking. In contrast, among these agonists, PCTP inhibition reduced aggregation only to low dose thrombin and PAR4AP. Unlike its effects on dense granule secretion, PCTP inhibition did not reduce alpha granule secretion in response to thrombin or PAR4AP. PCTP inhibition reduced both the increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ as well as PKC activity downstream of thrombin. These data are consistent with PCTP contributing to secretion of dense granules, and to being particularly important to human PAR4 early signaling events. Future studies will address further these molecular mechanisms and consequences for hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaji Abraham
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lin Ma
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xianguo Kong
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shayan Askari
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Leonard C Edelstein
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Steven E McKenzie
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Alumni Hall, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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48
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Kim HK, Tantry US, Park HW, Shin ES, Geisler T, Gorog DA, Gurbel PA, Jeong YH. Ethnic Difference of Thrombogenicity in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: a Pandora Box to Explain Prognostic Differences. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:202-221. [PMID: 33655720 PMCID: PMC7925962 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2020.0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial and venous atherothrombotic events are finely regulated processes involving a complex interplay between vulnerable blood, vulnerable vessel, and blood stasis. Vulnerable blood ('thrombogenicity') comprises complex interactions between cellular components and plasma factors (inflammatory, procoagulant, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic factors). The extent of thrombogenicity may determine the progression of atheroma and the clinical manifestation of atherothrombotic events, with the highest thrombogenicity in African Americans and lowest in East Asians. Inherent thrombogenicity may influence clinical efficacy and safety of specific antithrombotic treatments in high-risk patients, which may in part explain the observation that East Asian patients have reduced anti-ischemic benefits and elevated bleeding risk with antithrombotic therapy compared to Caucasian patients. In this review, we discuss available evidence regarding the racial differences in thrombogenicity and its impact on clinical outcomes among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kuk Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Udaya S Tantry
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyun Woong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Eun Seok Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana A Gorog
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Postgraduate Medical School, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Gurbel
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Young Hoon Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
- Institute of the Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
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Saini G, Swahn MH, Aneja R. Disentangling the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Health Disparities in African Americans: Biological, Environmental, and Social Factors. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab064. [PMID: 33732752 PMCID: PMC7928626 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The stark racial disparities related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States, wherein minority populations are disproportionately getting infected and succumbing to the disease, is of grave concern. It is critical to understand and address the underlying causes of these disparities that are complex and driven by interacting environmental, social and biological factors. In this article we focus on the African American community and examine how social and environmental determinants of health intersect with biological factors (comorbidities, underlying genetics, host immunity, vitamin D levels, epigenetics) to exacerbate risk for morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Saini
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Monica H Swahn
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Williams MS, Yanek L, Ziegelstein RC, McCann U, Faraday N. Racial differences in platelet serotonin polymorphisms in acute coronary syndrome. Thromb Res 2021; 200:115-120. [PMID: 33582601 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic differences between races have been hypothesized to contribute to differences in outcome from acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Our objective was to assess racial differences in genetic variations in the platelet serotonin transporter (5HTT) and receptor in patients with ACS. MATERIALS AND METHODS 127 consecutive patients, African Americans (AA) = 27; Caucasian (C) =100, admitted with ACS were evaluated for platelet function by serotonin (5HT) induced platelet activation. All patients were genotyped for two polymorphisms in the serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) S/L and LG/LA and one polymorphism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A, T102C) gene. All patients were followed for major and minor adverse cardiac events at 12 months. RESULTS AA when compared to C had a lower prevalence of the HTTLPR S allele (21% vs 45%, p = 0.0003) and a higher prevalence of the LG allele (24% vs 4.5%, p = 0.0001). Allelic frequency of the 5-HT2A T102C allele was not significantly different between the races. Platelet activation was lower in AA compared to C, median EC50 5HT was 12.08 μg vs 2.14 μg (p = 0.001). The 5-HTTLPR and the 5-HT2A polymorphisms were not associated with platelet functional responses to serotonin. There were no significant differences in major or minor adverse cardiac events in patients with serotonin transporter or receptor polymorphisms. CONCLUSION We found a lower prevalence of the S allele and a higher prevalence of the G allele in AA with ACS. We also found decreased platelet activation in AA which did not correlate with serotonin-related platelet polymorphisms. It is unclear if other contributing factors may explain these platelet functional differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene S Williams
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America.
| | - Lisa Yanek
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Roy C Ziegelstein
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Una McCann
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesia, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
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